A large amount of finely dispersed manganese ore left after benefication operations or blown out ... more A large amount of finely dispersed manganese ore left after benefication operations or blown out from the furnaces is unsuitable for direct use in electric furnaces and blast furnaces, therefore it is necessary to granulate it in order to have the efficient use of its fine ore particles in metallurgy. To make our research more of practical use, we found it is reasonable not only work over manganese fines sintering but also to attempt mitigating the negative effect on the environment produced by the further sintering and apply the biofuel within the total fuel mass. Under laboratory conditions, the studies have been carried out with the objective to obtain manganese sinter, in which wood biomass is applied, namely initial and pre-pyrolyzed, at temperatures of 673, 873, 1073 and 1273 K. The amount of biofuel in the sinter blend was 25 wt.%. It has been established that the biomass use causes the decrease in the specific capacity of the sintering plant. However, for the efficient manganese ores sintering process, the biofuel of high pyrolysis temperature of 1273 K is required. To achieve the specific capacity and the yield to be as high as those when coke breeze is only used, the amount of the biofuel for manganese ore sintering should be less than 25 wt.% of the solid fuel. Additionally, it has been revealed that the further increase in the biofuel ratio in the total fuel amount is possible on condition that its reactivity is decreased, or larger particles of the biofuel are used.
Iron ore sintering is a predominant process for fine iron ore and its concentrate to be applied i... more Iron ore sintering is a predominant process for fine iron ore and its concentrate to be applied in the blast furnace process. However, sintering produces a negative impact on the environment. One of the effective ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from iron ore sintering is to use CO2-neutral biomaterials for the fuel needs of this technology. Walnut shells (WNS) are a promising raw material for such fuel substitute. Herein, the effect of the raw and the pyrolyzed WNS with a constant fineness of 3-0 mm on the sintering process and the sinter properties were studied. The proportion of WNS in the fuel composition was set to 25 wt.%. It has been established that the use of WNS pyrolyzed up to 873 K is optimal. Additionally, the difference in the reactivity of WNS and coke breeze has provoked the studies on the influence of the pyrolyzed WNS size on the sintering process. WNS size was set to 1-0, 3-0, 5-0, and 7-0 mm. It has been found that the most optimal both for the iron ore sintering process and the sinter quality is the use of WNS with a particle size of 3-0 mm, subjected to preliminary pyrolysis up to 873 K.
The use of biomass as fuel might solve several technological and environmental issues and overcom... more The use of biomass as fuel might solve several technological and environmental issues and overcome certain challenges of sinter production. In particular, as revealed by comprehensive analyses, biomass can be used as fuel for iron ore sintering. In this study, we investigate the use of some raw and pyrolysis-processed biomass pellet types, namely wood, sunflower husks (SFH), and straw, for iron ore sintering. In the experiments, the pyrolysis temperature was set to 673, 873, 1073, and 1273 K, and the proportion of biomass in the fuel composition was set to 25%. It was established that the addition of biofuels to the sintering blend leads to an increase in the gas permeability of the sintered layer. The analysis of the complex characteristics of the sintering process and the sinter strength showed the high potential of wood and sunflower husk pellets pyrolyzed at 1073 and 873 K, respectively, for iron ore sintering. The analysis of the macrostructure of the sinter samples obtained using biomaterials revealed that with higher pyrolysis temperatures; the materials tend to have greater sizes and higher amounts of pores and cracks. The composition analyses of the resultant sinters revealed that with higher temperature, the FeO content of the sinters tends to increase.
ABSTRACT An increase in steel production causes an increase in the use of carbon fuels and reduci... more ABSTRACT An increase in steel production causes an increase in the use of carbon fuels and reducing agents, which in turn leads to greenhouse gas emissions. It is possible to reduce the environmental impact without compromising the quality of metallurgical products through the use of renewable carbon materials. In this paper, the applicability of biocoke production for various metallurgical processes has been considered. The fuels and reducing agents required in the main metallurgical industries are specified and the practice of adding biomass to a coal blend for coking is presented. The current biomass application to producing fuel and reducing agents in coal blends reveals their real potential for obtaining products of the required quality. The use of biomass as a component of coal blends is most effective when it is in a compressed or preliminary carbonised form. The outlined critical review is the base for conducting research on the production of biocoke using various biomass additives. The most promising sources for biocoke production are found to be biomass pellets.
The publication considers the possibility to use the original corn stalks and corn stalks after p... more The publication considers the possibility to use the original corn stalks and corn stalks after pyrolysis as raw materials for carbon nanomaterials manufacture. The changes in the properties of corn stalks during pyrolysis have been studied at different temperatures and their influence on the corn stalks properties have been revealed with the use of the ultimate and the X-ray fluorescence analyses. The results of the research are obtained in the form of carbon nanoparticles produced from the above-mentioned stock and pyrolysed corn stalks.
Biochar, obtained by pyrolysis of coniferous wood, as an adsorbent for removing chromium ions fro... more Biochar, obtained by pyrolysis of coniferous wood, as an adsorbent for removing chromium ions from aqueous solutions was used. Biochar samples were examined using X-ray, X-ray fluorescence analysis, DTA, TG, FT-IR, SEM microscopy. The ash composition was not significantly dependent on temperature and included Mg, Ca, Ti, P, C, O. X-ray phase analysis showed the presence of silicates, calcium and magnesium carbonates. IR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of organic groups. The adsorption experiments were carried out by varying the dosage of the adsorbent, the initial concentrations of chromium ions, and the contact time. The structure used biochar has no distinct pores apparently due to filling by nanoparticles chromium compound. To clarify the kinetic parameters and the mechanism of the adsorption process, kinetic models of first, second order and intra-particle diffusion were used. The kinetic model of the first order describes the kinetic curves in the best way.
A large amount of finely dispersed manganese ore left after benefication operations or blown out ... more A large amount of finely dispersed manganese ore left after benefication operations or blown out from the furnaces is unsuitable for direct use in electric furnaces and blast furnaces, therefore it is necessary to granulate it in order to have the efficient use of its fine ore particles in metallurgy. To make our research more of practical use, we found it is reasonable not only work over manganese fines sintering but also to attempt mitigating the negative effect on the environment produced by the further sintering and apply the biofuel within the total fuel mass. Under laboratory conditions, the studies have been carried out with the objective to obtain manganese sinter, in which wood biomass is applied, namely initial and pre-pyrolyzed, at temperatures of 673, 873, 1073 and 1273 K. The amount of biofuel in the sinter blend was 25 wt.%. It has been established that the biomass use causes the decrease in the specific capacity of the sintering plant. However, for the efficient manganese ores sintering process, the biofuel of high pyrolysis temperature of 1273 K is required. To achieve the specific capacity and the yield to be as high as those when coke breeze is only used, the amount of the biofuel for manganese ore sintering should be less than 25 wt.% of the solid fuel. Additionally, it has been revealed that the further increase in the biofuel ratio in the total fuel amount is possible on condition that its reactivity is decreased, or larger particles of the biofuel are used.
Iron ore sintering is a predominant process for fine iron ore and its concentrate to be applied i... more Iron ore sintering is a predominant process for fine iron ore and its concentrate to be applied in the blast furnace process. However, sintering produces a negative impact on the environment. One of the effective ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from iron ore sintering is to use CO2-neutral biomaterials for the fuel needs of this technology. Walnut shells (WNS) are a promising raw material for such fuel substitute. Herein, the effect of the raw and the pyrolyzed WNS with a constant fineness of 3-0 mm on the sintering process and the sinter properties were studied. The proportion of WNS in the fuel composition was set to 25 wt.%. It has been established that the use of WNS pyrolyzed up to 873 K is optimal. Additionally, the difference in the reactivity of WNS and coke breeze has provoked the studies on the influence of the pyrolyzed WNS size on the sintering process. WNS size was set to 1-0, 3-0, 5-0, and 7-0 mm. It has been found that the most optimal both for the iron ore sintering process and the sinter quality is the use of WNS with a particle size of 3-0 mm, subjected to preliminary pyrolysis up to 873 K.
The use of biomass as fuel might solve several technological and environmental issues and overcom... more The use of biomass as fuel might solve several technological and environmental issues and overcome certain challenges of sinter production. In particular, as revealed by comprehensive analyses, biomass can be used as fuel for iron ore sintering. In this study, we investigate the use of some raw and pyrolysis-processed biomass pellet types, namely wood, sunflower husks (SFH), and straw, for iron ore sintering. In the experiments, the pyrolysis temperature was set to 673, 873, 1073, and 1273 K, and the proportion of biomass in the fuel composition was set to 25%. It was established that the addition of biofuels to the sintering blend leads to an increase in the gas permeability of the sintered layer. The analysis of the complex characteristics of the sintering process and the sinter strength showed the high potential of wood and sunflower husk pellets pyrolyzed at 1073 and 873 K, respectively, for iron ore sintering. The analysis of the macrostructure of the sinter samples obtained using biomaterials revealed that with higher pyrolysis temperatures; the materials tend to have greater sizes and higher amounts of pores and cracks. The composition analyses of the resultant sinters revealed that with higher temperature, the FeO content of the sinters tends to increase.
ABSTRACT An increase in steel production causes an increase in the use of carbon fuels and reduci... more ABSTRACT An increase in steel production causes an increase in the use of carbon fuels and reducing agents, which in turn leads to greenhouse gas emissions. It is possible to reduce the environmental impact without compromising the quality of metallurgical products through the use of renewable carbon materials. In this paper, the applicability of biocoke production for various metallurgical processes has been considered. The fuels and reducing agents required in the main metallurgical industries are specified and the practice of adding biomass to a coal blend for coking is presented. The current biomass application to producing fuel and reducing agents in coal blends reveals their real potential for obtaining products of the required quality. The use of biomass as a component of coal blends is most effective when it is in a compressed or preliminary carbonised form. The outlined critical review is the base for conducting research on the production of biocoke using various biomass additives. The most promising sources for biocoke production are found to be biomass pellets.
The publication considers the possibility to use the original corn stalks and corn stalks after p... more The publication considers the possibility to use the original corn stalks and corn stalks after pyrolysis as raw materials for carbon nanomaterials manufacture. The changes in the properties of corn stalks during pyrolysis have been studied at different temperatures and their influence on the corn stalks properties have been revealed with the use of the ultimate and the X-ray fluorescence analyses. The results of the research are obtained in the form of carbon nanoparticles produced from the above-mentioned stock and pyrolysed corn stalks.
Biochar, obtained by pyrolysis of coniferous wood, as an adsorbent for removing chromium ions fro... more Biochar, obtained by pyrolysis of coniferous wood, as an adsorbent for removing chromium ions from aqueous solutions was used. Biochar samples were examined using X-ray, X-ray fluorescence analysis, DTA, TG, FT-IR, SEM microscopy. The ash composition was not significantly dependent on temperature and included Mg, Ca, Ti, P, C, O. X-ray phase analysis showed the presence of silicates, calcium and magnesium carbonates. IR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of organic groups. The adsorption experiments were carried out by varying the dosage of the adsorbent, the initial concentrations of chromium ions, and the contact time. The structure used biochar has no distinct pores apparently due to filling by nanoparticles chromium compound. To clarify the kinetic parameters and the mechanism of the adsorption process, kinetic models of first, second order and intra-particle diffusion were used. The kinetic model of the first order describes the kinetic curves in the best way.
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