Due to close relationship of savings to economic growth, poverty, income inequality the analysis ... more Due to close relationship of savings to economic growth, poverty, income inequality the analysis of the savings behavior becomes very important in development economics. The present study has analyzed the saving behavior of Pakistan for the period 1973- 2013. It has been found that age dependency, foreign savings and inflation have a negative and significant relationships with all the three type of savings (i.e. national, public and private), while economic growth and financial sector development enhances savings in Pakistan. The study finds that interest rate has an insignificant impact on nationals and private savings. However, in the case of public savings the impact is positive and significant. As far as the role of taxes is concerned, it has been found that taxes discourage private savings while the impact on public savings is positive.
World Health Organization has estimated that approximately one out of every third woman experienc... more World Health Organization has estimated that approximately one out of every third woman experienced some form of violence during their lifetime. Unfortunately, in Pakistan, domestic violence is acc...
Savings play a very crucial role in the economic development of a country by financing investment... more Savings play a very crucial role in the economic development of a country by financing investment needs. Household savings are the major and dominant component of national savings in Pakistan. The present study aims to analyse the impact of various socio-economic factors in determining the household savings in Pakistan by using the data of Household Integrated Income and Consumption Survey (HIICS) 2015–2016. It has been found that household’s savings tend to increase with income, living in nucleus family, house ownership, receiving remittances from abroad and being involved in agriculture; and saving tends to decrease with an increase in dependency ratio; and wealth has an insignificant role in determining savings in both urban and rural households. However, education and female labour force participation had a positive relationship with saving among urban households but the relationship is insignificant in rural households. Similarly, age of household head hurts saving in urban hou...
The exploration of advanced water treatment technologies e.g. heterogeneous photocatalysis is the... more The exploration of advanced water treatment technologies e.g. heterogeneous photocatalysis is the most promising way to address organic pollution issues. Semiconductors based bimetallic photocatalysis with wide bandgap, have displayed splendid degradation performance in the UV light region, but their extension to the visible light/near infra-red region is still a matter of great concern. CuO, Co(OH)2, CoO and Co(OH)2/CuO nanocomposites were synthesized via simple co-precipitation method and further practiced for Rhodamine B (RhB) decomposition by introducing per-sulfate (PS) as a sacrificial agent. Results revealed that Co(OH)2/CuO catalyst had shown robust catalytic activity for RhB photodegradation (degradation time 8 min, k = 0.864 min−1) under light illumination, significantly less (12–60 times) than the other reported bimetallic catalysts. Catalyst also have verified excellent performance for a broader pH range (5–9) with excellent stability. Main reactive species responsible f...
The progress of this study is to offer and test models that include models of leadership of cust... more The progress of this study is to offer and test models that include models of leadership of customer behavior and willingness to deliberately purchase luxury fashion items. The impact of many social, psychological and social emergencies has been identified and recognized. To narrow this gap, the study was conducted to identify key milestones in the readiness to buy counterfeit products in Pakistan. The survey was conducted by 257 people from three major markets in Pakistan, such as Lahore, Faisalabad and Islamabad. In addition, the SEM technique is used to test the hypothesis. The study ends with some contributions and findings. Economic benefits, past experience and materialism of counterfeiting play an important role in the pursuit of counterfeit products. While the hedonic benefits were not as important as hypothetical. The study identifies the leading determinants of lying and willingness to buy fake products by testing a wide range of literature and theories on consumer behavi...
The public policy instruments, such as tax rate changes, have different implications in exogenous... more The public policy instruments, such as tax rate changes, have different implications in exogenous (neoclassical) and endogenous growth theories. The neoclassical theory predicts that changes in a country’s tax structure should have only transitory impact on its long-run economic growth while endogenous growth theory argues that such changes may have an effect impact on the growth. This study tests whether tax policies conducted by Pakistan, India and Sri Lanka have transitory or permanent effect on their economic growth. The study finds transitory and negative effect of tax rate on the growth only for short-term but has no effect in the long-term. The tax rates in all these countries are low as compared to developed countries. Due to low tax rates these countries heavily depend on bond financing and foreign debt. In view of the findings of this study most important policy implication of the study is that to finance the budget and most of their revenue requirements should be financed...
By mobilizing savings, financial markets play a crucial role in economic development. Given that ... more By mobilizing savings, financial markets play a crucial role in economic development. Given that the literature does not fully explore the nexus between financial activities and tax revenue, this study attempts to analyze the role of financial markets in generating tax revenue in Pakistan, using time series data for the period 1975–2014. It finds that, in the long run, the number of bank branches and market capitalization have a positive and significant impact on tax revenue. While credit to the private sector has a bidirectional relationship with tax revenue, public sector credit has an insignificant impact. In the short run, only the number of bank branches and market capitalization have a significant impact on tax revenue.
Co(OH)2-modified CuO (Co(OH)2/CuO) nanoparticles serve as both visible-light-driven water oxidati... more Co(OH)2-modified CuO (Co(OH)2/CuO) nanoparticles serve as both visible-light-driven water oxidation catalysts and visible-light-absorption centers.
A pesticide safety knowledge test was developed to assess farmer's knowledge... more A pesticide safety knowledge test was developed to assess farmer's knowledge related to pesticide safety. Yes-No (true-false) type 25 item, test, was constructed and used in a sample of 162 pesticide applicator in two districts of southern Punjab Pakistan. The overall mean score was 17.2 (72%). More educated and adult respondents performed better than younger and illiterate. Similarly large land holder scored higher than small landholders, indicating their more access to information and extension. Overall ten Items received less ...
Due to close relationship of savings to economic growth, poverty, income inequality the analysis ... more Due to close relationship of savings to economic growth, poverty, income inequality the analysis of the savings behavior becomes very important in development economics. The present study has analyzed the saving behavior of Pakistan for the period 1973- 2013. It has been found that age dependency, foreign savings and inflation have a negative and significant relationships with all the three type of savings (i.e. national, public and private), while economic growth and financial sector development enhances savings in Pakistan. The study finds that interest rate has an insignificant impact on nationals and private savings. However, in the case of public savings the impact is positive and significant. As far as the role of taxes is concerned, it has been found that taxes discourage private savings while the impact on public savings is positive.
World Health Organization has estimated that approximately one out of every third woman experienc... more World Health Organization has estimated that approximately one out of every third woman experienced some form of violence during their lifetime. Unfortunately, in Pakistan, domestic violence is acc...
Savings play a very crucial role in the economic development of a country by financing investment... more Savings play a very crucial role in the economic development of a country by financing investment needs. Household savings are the major and dominant component of national savings in Pakistan. The present study aims to analyse the impact of various socio-economic factors in determining the household savings in Pakistan by using the data of Household Integrated Income and Consumption Survey (HIICS) 2015–2016. It has been found that household’s savings tend to increase with income, living in nucleus family, house ownership, receiving remittances from abroad and being involved in agriculture; and saving tends to decrease with an increase in dependency ratio; and wealth has an insignificant role in determining savings in both urban and rural households. However, education and female labour force participation had a positive relationship with saving among urban households but the relationship is insignificant in rural households. Similarly, age of household head hurts saving in urban hou...
The exploration of advanced water treatment technologies e.g. heterogeneous photocatalysis is the... more The exploration of advanced water treatment technologies e.g. heterogeneous photocatalysis is the most promising way to address organic pollution issues. Semiconductors based bimetallic photocatalysis with wide bandgap, have displayed splendid degradation performance in the UV light region, but their extension to the visible light/near infra-red region is still a matter of great concern. CuO, Co(OH)2, CoO and Co(OH)2/CuO nanocomposites were synthesized via simple co-precipitation method and further practiced for Rhodamine B (RhB) decomposition by introducing per-sulfate (PS) as a sacrificial agent. Results revealed that Co(OH)2/CuO catalyst had shown robust catalytic activity for RhB photodegradation (degradation time 8 min, k = 0.864 min−1) under light illumination, significantly less (12–60 times) than the other reported bimetallic catalysts. Catalyst also have verified excellent performance for a broader pH range (5–9) with excellent stability. Main reactive species responsible f...
The progress of this study is to offer and test models that include models of leadership of cust... more The progress of this study is to offer and test models that include models of leadership of customer behavior and willingness to deliberately purchase luxury fashion items. The impact of many social, psychological and social emergencies has been identified and recognized. To narrow this gap, the study was conducted to identify key milestones in the readiness to buy counterfeit products in Pakistan. The survey was conducted by 257 people from three major markets in Pakistan, such as Lahore, Faisalabad and Islamabad. In addition, the SEM technique is used to test the hypothesis. The study ends with some contributions and findings. Economic benefits, past experience and materialism of counterfeiting play an important role in the pursuit of counterfeit products. While the hedonic benefits were not as important as hypothetical. The study identifies the leading determinants of lying and willingness to buy fake products by testing a wide range of literature and theories on consumer behavi...
The public policy instruments, such as tax rate changes, have different implications in exogenous... more The public policy instruments, such as tax rate changes, have different implications in exogenous (neoclassical) and endogenous growth theories. The neoclassical theory predicts that changes in a country’s tax structure should have only transitory impact on its long-run economic growth while endogenous growth theory argues that such changes may have an effect impact on the growth. This study tests whether tax policies conducted by Pakistan, India and Sri Lanka have transitory or permanent effect on their economic growth. The study finds transitory and negative effect of tax rate on the growth only for short-term but has no effect in the long-term. The tax rates in all these countries are low as compared to developed countries. Due to low tax rates these countries heavily depend on bond financing and foreign debt. In view of the findings of this study most important policy implication of the study is that to finance the budget and most of their revenue requirements should be financed...
By mobilizing savings, financial markets play a crucial role in economic development. Given that ... more By mobilizing savings, financial markets play a crucial role in economic development. Given that the literature does not fully explore the nexus between financial activities and tax revenue, this study attempts to analyze the role of financial markets in generating tax revenue in Pakistan, using time series data for the period 1975–2014. It finds that, in the long run, the number of bank branches and market capitalization have a positive and significant impact on tax revenue. While credit to the private sector has a bidirectional relationship with tax revenue, public sector credit has an insignificant impact. In the short run, only the number of bank branches and market capitalization have a significant impact on tax revenue.
Co(OH)2-modified CuO (Co(OH)2/CuO) nanoparticles serve as both visible-light-driven water oxidati... more Co(OH)2-modified CuO (Co(OH)2/CuO) nanoparticles serve as both visible-light-driven water oxidation catalysts and visible-light-absorption centers.
A pesticide safety knowledge test was developed to assess farmer's knowledge... more A pesticide safety knowledge test was developed to assess farmer's knowledge related to pesticide safety. Yes-No (true-false) type 25 item, test, was constructed and used in a sample of 162 pesticide applicator in two districts of southern Punjab Pakistan. The overall mean score was 17.2 (72%). More educated and adult respondents performed better than younger and illiterate. Similarly large land holder scored higher than small landholders, indicating their more access to information and extension. Overall ten Items received less ...
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