The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2021
ABSTRACT. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an unprecedented public health cris... more ABSTRACT. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an unprecedented public health crisis globally. Understanding healthcare providers’ (HCPs’) knowledge and perceptions of COVID-19 is crucial to identifying effective strategies to improve their ability to respond to the pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa. A phone-based survey of 900 HCPs in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, and Nigeria (300 per country) was conducted to assess knowledge, perceptions, COVID-19 prevention measures, stigma, and mental health of HCPs. Modified Poisson regression models were used to evaluate predictors of knowledge, perceptions, and prevention measures; adjusted risk ratios (ARRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Three-fourths of the HCPs had adequate knowledge, and over half had correct perceptions of risk and high levels of self-reported prevention measures. The majority of the HCPs (73.7%) reported self-perceived social stigma. There was relatively low prevalence of depression (6.6%), ...
Background: Maternal mortality is higher and skilled attendance at delivery is lower in the slums... more Background: Maternal mortality is higher and skilled attendance at delivery is lower in the slums of Nairobi (Kenya) compared to Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Lower numbers of public health facilities, greater distance to facilities, and higher costs of maternal health services in Nairobi could explain these differences. Objective: By comparing the use of maternal health care services among women with similar characteristics in the two cities, we will produce a more nuanced picture of the contextual factors at play. Design: We use birth statistics collected between 2009 and 2011 in all households living in several poor neighborhoods followed by the Nairobi and the Ouagadougou Health and Demographic Surveillances Systems (n3,346 and 4,239 births). We compare the socioeconomic characteristics associated with antenatal care (ANC) use and deliveries at health facilities, controlling for demographic variables. Results: ANC use is greater in Nairobi than in Ouagadougou for every category of...
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2021
ABSTRACT. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a public health emergency affecting the lives of... more ABSTRACT. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a public health emergency affecting the lives of millions of people globally. Different measures and extraordinary steps are being taken to contain the transmission of the virus. The levels of knowledge and implementation of preventive practices related to COVID-19 in sub-Saharan African countries are unclear. Additionally, there is a lack of evidence regarding the impacts of the pandemic on mental health. This study aimed to describe knowledge and practices related to COVID-19 and to assess mental health status among adults in three sub-Saharan African countries: Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, and Nigeria. A total of 1,797 adults were included in the survey, and data were collected using computer-assisted telephone interviews. The proportions of adults who identified more than 80% of COVID-19 symptoms, transmission methods, and prevention mechanisms were 69.9%, 79.2%, and 90.7%, respectively. The practice of preventive measures was relative...
Les enfants jumeaux sont confrontes a des risques de deces plus importants que les singletons. Da... more Les enfants jumeaux sont confrontes a des risques de deces plus importants que les singletons. Dans les pays en Afrique Subsaharienne cela constitue un fardeau supplementaire sachant que les niveaux de mortalite des enfants y sont est deja plus eleves que partout ailleurs. Le present article presente les quotients de mortalite neonatale, post-neonatale, infantile, juvenile et infanto-juvenile en Afrique Subsaharienne entre 1986 et 2016 en utilisant les donnees de 158 enquetes nationales provenant de 42 pays. Il decrit les variations geographiques et les evolutions dans le temps. Il decrit aussi comment varie la difference de mortalite entre jumeaux et singletons de la naissance au 5e anniversaire. Par ailleurs, en se servant de 25 enquetes nationales les plus recentes issues de 25 pays distincts, il analyse les facteurs associes a la surmortalite des jumeaux, tout en cherchant quel role joue leur statut social dans cette surmortalite. Les resultats obtenus montrent que les jumeaux o...
Depuis les annees 1970, le taux de gemellite a connu une importante augmentation dans les pays de... more Depuis les annees 1970, le taux de gemellite a connu une importante augmentation dans les pays developpes. En Afrique, ou le taux etait semble-t-il le plus eleve du monde dans les annees 1970, son evolution est mal connue. Le present article determine le taux de gemellite en Afrique subsaharienne au cours de la periode allant des annees 1980 aux annees 2010 en utilisant les donnees de 174 enquetes nationales dans 42 pays. Il decrit ses variations geographiques et son evolution dans le temps. A partir d’un echantillon d’accouchements survenus entre 2000 et 2010 et provenant de 25 enquetes nationales issues de 25 pays distincts, il analyse ensuite les facteurs associes aux accouchements gemellaires. Nos resultats indiquent un taux de gemellite global de 17‰ en moyenne en Afrique subsaharienne ; il est le plus eleve au Benin (27‰) et le plus faible en Somalie (6‰). Il varie par ailleurs selon l’âge de la mere et le rang d’accouchement. Les resultats de l’analyse des facteurs associes m...
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2021
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significant health and economic ramification... more The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significant health and economic ramifications across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Data regarding its far-reaching impacts are severely lacking, thereby hindering the development of evidence-based strategies to mitigate its direct and indirect health consequences. To address this need, the Africa Research, Implementation Science, and Education (ARISE) Network established a mobile survey platform in SSA to generate longitudinal data regarding knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to COVID-19 prevention and management and to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on health and socioeconomic domains. We conducted a baseline survey of 900 healthcare workers, 1,795 adolescents 10 to 19 years of age, and 1,797 adults 20 years or older at six urban and rural sites in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, and Nigeria. Households were selected using sampling frames of existing Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems or national surveys when possibl...
Objectives COVID-19 has far-reaching consequences for developing countries through the combined e... more Objectives COVID-19 has far-reaching consequences for developing countries through the combined effects of infection and mortality and unintended consequences from mitigation measures. COVID-19 can adversely impact food systems and dietary diversity for populations. This cross-sectional study evaluated, using a mobile platform, the effect of COVID-19 on food prices and dietary diversity and quality, among 1797 households in Nouna and Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso), Addis Ababa and Kersa (Ethiopia), and Lagos and Ibadan (Nigeria). Methods Dietary intake was assessed as the frequency of consumption of 20 food groups over the previous 7 days. Dietary diversity scores (DDS; range: 0–10) and Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS; range: 0–40) assessed dietary diversity and quality. Linear regression models were used to evaluate associations between changes in the prices of staples, pulses, vegetables, fruits, and animal source foods (ASF) with DDS and PDQS during COVID-19. Results Most households r...
In low income and lower-middle income countries, data from civil registration systems do not allo... more In low income and lower-middle income countries, data from civil registration systems do not allow monitoring excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rapid mobile phone surveys aimed at measuring mortality trends on a monthly basis are a realistic and safe option for filling that data gap. The data generated by mobile phone surveys can play a key role in better targeting areas or population groups most affected by the pandemic. They can also help monitor the impact of interventions and programs, and rapidly identify what works in mitigating the impact of COVID-19.
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2021
ABSTRACT. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an unprecedented public health cris... more ABSTRACT. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an unprecedented public health crisis globally. Understanding healthcare providers’ (HCPs’) knowledge and perceptions of COVID-19 is crucial to identifying effective strategies to improve their ability to respond to the pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa. A phone-based survey of 900 HCPs in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, and Nigeria (300 per country) was conducted to assess knowledge, perceptions, COVID-19 prevention measures, stigma, and mental health of HCPs. Modified Poisson regression models were used to evaluate predictors of knowledge, perceptions, and prevention measures; adjusted risk ratios (ARRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Three-fourths of the HCPs had adequate knowledge, and over half had correct perceptions of risk and high levels of self-reported prevention measures. The majority of the HCPs (73.7%) reported self-perceived social stigma. There was relatively low prevalence of depression (6.6%), ...
Background: Maternal mortality is higher and skilled attendance at delivery is lower in the slums... more Background: Maternal mortality is higher and skilled attendance at delivery is lower in the slums of Nairobi (Kenya) compared to Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Lower numbers of public health facilities, greater distance to facilities, and higher costs of maternal health services in Nairobi could explain these differences. Objective: By comparing the use of maternal health care services among women with similar characteristics in the two cities, we will produce a more nuanced picture of the contextual factors at play. Design: We use birth statistics collected between 2009 and 2011 in all households living in several poor neighborhoods followed by the Nairobi and the Ouagadougou Health and Demographic Surveillances Systems (n3,346 and 4,239 births). We compare the socioeconomic characteristics associated with antenatal care (ANC) use and deliveries at health facilities, controlling for demographic variables. Results: ANC use is greater in Nairobi than in Ouagadougou for every category of...
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2021
ABSTRACT. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a public health emergency affecting the lives of... more ABSTRACT. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a public health emergency affecting the lives of millions of people globally. Different measures and extraordinary steps are being taken to contain the transmission of the virus. The levels of knowledge and implementation of preventive practices related to COVID-19 in sub-Saharan African countries are unclear. Additionally, there is a lack of evidence regarding the impacts of the pandemic on mental health. This study aimed to describe knowledge and practices related to COVID-19 and to assess mental health status among adults in three sub-Saharan African countries: Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, and Nigeria. A total of 1,797 adults were included in the survey, and data were collected using computer-assisted telephone interviews. The proportions of adults who identified more than 80% of COVID-19 symptoms, transmission methods, and prevention mechanisms were 69.9%, 79.2%, and 90.7%, respectively. The practice of preventive measures was relative...
Les enfants jumeaux sont confrontes a des risques de deces plus importants que les singletons. Da... more Les enfants jumeaux sont confrontes a des risques de deces plus importants que les singletons. Dans les pays en Afrique Subsaharienne cela constitue un fardeau supplementaire sachant que les niveaux de mortalite des enfants y sont est deja plus eleves que partout ailleurs. Le present article presente les quotients de mortalite neonatale, post-neonatale, infantile, juvenile et infanto-juvenile en Afrique Subsaharienne entre 1986 et 2016 en utilisant les donnees de 158 enquetes nationales provenant de 42 pays. Il decrit les variations geographiques et les evolutions dans le temps. Il decrit aussi comment varie la difference de mortalite entre jumeaux et singletons de la naissance au 5e anniversaire. Par ailleurs, en se servant de 25 enquetes nationales les plus recentes issues de 25 pays distincts, il analyse les facteurs associes a la surmortalite des jumeaux, tout en cherchant quel role joue leur statut social dans cette surmortalite. Les resultats obtenus montrent que les jumeaux o...
Depuis les annees 1970, le taux de gemellite a connu une importante augmentation dans les pays de... more Depuis les annees 1970, le taux de gemellite a connu une importante augmentation dans les pays developpes. En Afrique, ou le taux etait semble-t-il le plus eleve du monde dans les annees 1970, son evolution est mal connue. Le present article determine le taux de gemellite en Afrique subsaharienne au cours de la periode allant des annees 1980 aux annees 2010 en utilisant les donnees de 174 enquetes nationales dans 42 pays. Il decrit ses variations geographiques et son evolution dans le temps. A partir d’un echantillon d’accouchements survenus entre 2000 et 2010 et provenant de 25 enquetes nationales issues de 25 pays distincts, il analyse ensuite les facteurs associes aux accouchements gemellaires. Nos resultats indiquent un taux de gemellite global de 17‰ en moyenne en Afrique subsaharienne ; il est le plus eleve au Benin (27‰) et le plus faible en Somalie (6‰). Il varie par ailleurs selon l’âge de la mere et le rang d’accouchement. Les resultats de l’analyse des facteurs associes m...
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2021
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significant health and economic ramification... more The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significant health and economic ramifications across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Data regarding its far-reaching impacts are severely lacking, thereby hindering the development of evidence-based strategies to mitigate its direct and indirect health consequences. To address this need, the Africa Research, Implementation Science, and Education (ARISE) Network established a mobile survey platform in SSA to generate longitudinal data regarding knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to COVID-19 prevention and management and to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on health and socioeconomic domains. We conducted a baseline survey of 900 healthcare workers, 1,795 adolescents 10 to 19 years of age, and 1,797 adults 20 years or older at six urban and rural sites in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, and Nigeria. Households were selected using sampling frames of existing Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems or national surveys when possibl...
Objectives COVID-19 has far-reaching consequences for developing countries through the combined e... more Objectives COVID-19 has far-reaching consequences for developing countries through the combined effects of infection and mortality and unintended consequences from mitigation measures. COVID-19 can adversely impact food systems and dietary diversity for populations. This cross-sectional study evaluated, using a mobile platform, the effect of COVID-19 on food prices and dietary diversity and quality, among 1797 households in Nouna and Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso), Addis Ababa and Kersa (Ethiopia), and Lagos and Ibadan (Nigeria). Methods Dietary intake was assessed as the frequency of consumption of 20 food groups over the previous 7 days. Dietary diversity scores (DDS; range: 0–10) and Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS; range: 0–40) assessed dietary diversity and quality. Linear regression models were used to evaluate associations between changes in the prices of staples, pulses, vegetables, fruits, and animal source foods (ASF) with DDS and PDQS during COVID-19. Results Most households r...
In low income and lower-middle income countries, data from civil registration systems do not allo... more In low income and lower-middle income countries, data from civil registration systems do not allow monitoring excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rapid mobile phone surveys aimed at measuring mortality trends on a monthly basis are a realistic and safe option for filling that data gap. The data generated by mobile phone surveys can play a key role in better targeting areas or population groups most affected by the pandemic. They can also help monitor the impact of interventions and programs, and rapidly identify what works in mitigating the impact of COVID-19.
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