Theoretical and experimental spectroscopic studies have underlined the contribution of large PAHs... more Theoretical and experimental spectroscopic studies have underlined the contribution of large PAHs towards the astrophysical mid-infrared emission bands. Quantum chemical study of eight large PAHs using density functional theory approach is reported along with their infrared spectra. Systematic variation of bands with PAH size is noted and a better agreement with the observed astrophysical bands is obtained. Compared to small and medium sized PAHs there is substantial C-H stretch intensity in the cation spectra. This is attributed to smaller change in charge on the hydrogens upon ionization. For the C-H out-of-plane mode large PAHs correlate well with observed features on the shorter wavelength side of the 11.2 microm band. Presence of two sub-components of the broad 7.7 microm band in large PAHs compares very well with the corresponding astrophysical band and point to the abundance of large PAH cations in interstellar environments. The data presented here may be used for a more detailed study on the profile variations accompanying the mid-IR bands in various interstellar environments.
... For higher rates o gradually goes down to o 0.5 (Chakrabarti et al. in preparation). PAHs inc... more ... For higher rates o gradually goes down to o 0.5 (Chakrabarti et al. in preparation). PAHs incorporating cyclopentadienyl ring and their astrophysical Arpita Srivastava, Amit Pathak and Shantanu Rastogi DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur Abstract. ...
... The increased intensity of CC stretch modes in comparison to PAHs show better corelation with... more ... The increased intensity of CC stretch modes in comparison to PAHs show better corelation with observations. Vibrational spectra of PAHs and the astrophysical JR bands Amit Pathak and Shantanu Rastogi DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur Abstract. ...
ABSTRACT We have presented the observations of O VI absorption at 1032 Å towards 22 sightlines in... more ABSTRACT We have presented the observations of O VI absorption at 1032 Å towards 22 sightlines in 10 superbubbles (SBs) of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) using the data obtained from the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE). The estimated abundance of O VI in the SBs varies from a minimum of (1.09 +/-0.22)×1014 atoms/cm2 in SB N206 to a maximum of (3.71+/-0.23)×1014 atoms/cm2 in SB N70. We find about a 46% excess in the abundance of O VI in the SBs compared to the non-SB lines of sight. Even inside a SB, O VI column density (N(O VI)) varies by about a factor of 2 to 2.5. These data are useful in understanding the nature of the hot gas in SBs.
ABSTRACT About a thousand optical absorption features on the interstellar extinction curve popula... more ABSTRACT About a thousand optical absorption features on the interstellar extinction curve popularly known as the Diffuse Interstellar Bands (DIBs) have been observed. The numbers are increasing every year, thanks to the improvement in telescope and spectroscopic technology. Ultra-high resolution spectroscopic observations and emission features corresponding to some of the DIBs suggest that, some if not all, of these features are due to large molecules. The strength of DIBs depend on the amount of reddening which is directly proportional to the amount of material present between the background star and the observer. Since, the strengths of the DIBs are not strongly correlated with each other, there must be several carriers. Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TDDFT) calculations are useful in narrowing down molecular systems that may be further investigated in the laboratory.The observations of the unidentified infrared (UIR) bands point towards the widespread presence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules. Though, not a single PAH has been discovered in interstellar space, these are the largest molecules suspected to be present. PAHs are stable towards energetic environment prevailing under interstellar conditions rendering these molecules to be good candidates as DIB carriers. We report TDDFT calculations to predict electronic transitions of neutral, protonated-deuteronated and PAHs with five member rings with various sites of protonation and deuteronation. Compared to their neutral forms, these charged isoelectronic forms of PAHs are predicted to have active transitions in the visible region, which means they are suitable candidates as carriers for some of the DIBs and laboratory studies are warranted for these systems.
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2014
ABSTRACT We report the detection of Ne VIII in a z_abs = 0.59961 absorber towards the QSO PG 1407... more ABSTRACT We report the detection of Ne VIII in a z_abs = 0.59961 absorber towards the QSO PG 1407+265 (z_em = 0.94). Besides Ne VIII, absorption from HI Lyman series lines (HI 1025 - 915), several other low (C II, N II, O II, and S II), intermediate (C III, N III, N IV, O III, S IV, and S V) and high (S VI, O VI, and Ne VIII) ionization metal lines are detected. Disparity in the absorption line kinematics between different ions implies that the absorbing gas comprises of multiple ionization phases. The low and the intermediate ions (except S V) trace a compact (~ 410 pc), metal-rich (Z ~ Z_sun) and over-dense (log n_H ~ -2.6) photoionized region that sustained star-formation for a prolonged period. The high ions, Ne VIII and O VI, can be explained as arising in a low density (-5.3 < log n_H < -5.0), metal-rich (Z > Z_sun) and diffuse (~ 180 kpc) photoionized gas. The S V, S VI and C IV (detected in the FOS spectrum) require an intermediate photoionization phase with -4.2 < log n_H < -3.5. Alternatively, a pure collisional ionization model, as used to explain the previous known Ne VIII absorbers, with 5.65 < log T < 5.72, can reproduce the S VI, O VI, and Ne VIII column densities simultaneously in a single phase. However, even such models require an intermediate phase to reproduce any observable S V and/or C IV. Therefore, we conclude that when multiple phases are present, the presence of Ne VIII is not necessarily an unambiguous indication of collisionally ionized hot gas.
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, 2013
ABSTRACT We have presented the observations of O VI absorption at 1032 Å towards 22 sightlines in... more ABSTRACT We have presented the observations of O VI absorption at 1032 Å towards 22 sightlines in 10 superbubbles (SBs) of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) using the data obtained from the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE). The estimated abundance of O VI in the SBs varies from a minimum of (1.09 +/-0.22)×1014 atoms/cm2 in SB N206 to a maximum of (3.71+/-0.23)×1014 atoms/cm2 in SB N70. We find about a 46% excess in the abundance of O VI in the SBs compared to the non-SB lines of sight. Even inside a SB, O VI column density (N(O VI)) varies by about a factor of 2 to 2.5. These data are useful in understanding the nature of the hot gas in SBs.
Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2007
Theoretical and experimental spectroscopic studies have underlined the contribution of large PAHs... more Theoretical and experimental spectroscopic studies have underlined the contribution of large PAHs towards the astrophysical mid-infrared emission bands. Quantum chemical study of eight large PAHs using density functional theory approach is reported along with their infrared spectra. Systematic variation of bands with PAH size is noted and a better agreement with the observed astrophysical bands is obtained. Compared to small and medium sized PAHs there is substantial C-H stretch intensity in the cation spectra. This is attributed to smaller change in charge on the hydrogens upon ionization. For the C-H out-of-plane mode large PAHs correlate well with observed features on the shorter wavelength side of the 11.2 microm band. Presence of two sub-components of the broad 7.7 microm band in large PAHs compares very well with the corresponding astrophysical band and point to the abundance of large PAH cations in interstellar environments. The data presented here may be used for a more detailed study on the profile variations accompanying the mid-IR bands in various interstellar environments.
Theoretical and experimental spectroscopic studies have underlined the contribution of large PAHs... more Theoretical and experimental spectroscopic studies have underlined the contribution of large PAHs towards the astrophysical mid-infrared emission bands. Quantum chemical study of eight large PAHs using density functional theory approach is reported along with their infrared spectra. Systematic variation of bands with PAH size is noted and a better agreement with the observed astrophysical bands is obtained. Compared to small and medium sized PAHs there is substantial C-H stretch intensity in the cation spectra. This is attributed to smaller change in charge on the hydrogens upon ionization. For the C-H out-of-plane mode large PAHs correlate well with observed features on the shorter wavelength side of the 11.2 microm band. Presence of two sub-components of the broad 7.7 microm band in large PAHs compares very well with the corresponding astrophysical band and point to the abundance of large PAH cations in interstellar environments. The data presented here may be used for a more detailed study on the profile variations accompanying the mid-IR bands in various interstellar environments.
... For higher rates o gradually goes down to o 0.5 (Chakrabarti et al. in preparation). PAHs inc... more ... For higher rates o gradually goes down to o 0.5 (Chakrabarti et al. in preparation). PAHs incorporating cyclopentadienyl ring and their astrophysical Arpita Srivastava, Amit Pathak and Shantanu Rastogi DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur Abstract. ...
... The increased intensity of CC stretch modes in comparison to PAHs show better corelation with... more ... The increased intensity of CC stretch modes in comparison to PAHs show better corelation with observations. Vibrational spectra of PAHs and the astrophysical JR bands Amit Pathak and Shantanu Rastogi DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur Abstract. ...
ABSTRACT We have presented the observations of O VI absorption at 1032 Å towards 22 sightlines in... more ABSTRACT We have presented the observations of O VI absorption at 1032 Å towards 22 sightlines in 10 superbubbles (SBs) of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) using the data obtained from the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE). The estimated abundance of O VI in the SBs varies from a minimum of (1.09 +/-0.22)×1014 atoms/cm2 in SB N206 to a maximum of (3.71+/-0.23)×1014 atoms/cm2 in SB N70. We find about a 46% excess in the abundance of O VI in the SBs compared to the non-SB lines of sight. Even inside a SB, O VI column density (N(O VI)) varies by about a factor of 2 to 2.5. These data are useful in understanding the nature of the hot gas in SBs.
ABSTRACT About a thousand optical absorption features on the interstellar extinction curve popula... more ABSTRACT About a thousand optical absorption features on the interstellar extinction curve popularly known as the Diffuse Interstellar Bands (DIBs) have been observed. The numbers are increasing every year, thanks to the improvement in telescope and spectroscopic technology. Ultra-high resolution spectroscopic observations and emission features corresponding to some of the DIBs suggest that, some if not all, of these features are due to large molecules. The strength of DIBs depend on the amount of reddening which is directly proportional to the amount of material present between the background star and the observer. Since, the strengths of the DIBs are not strongly correlated with each other, there must be several carriers. Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TDDFT) calculations are useful in narrowing down molecular systems that may be further investigated in the laboratory.The observations of the unidentified infrared (UIR) bands point towards the widespread presence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules. Though, not a single PAH has been discovered in interstellar space, these are the largest molecules suspected to be present. PAHs are stable towards energetic environment prevailing under interstellar conditions rendering these molecules to be good candidates as DIB carriers. We report TDDFT calculations to predict electronic transitions of neutral, protonated-deuteronated and PAHs with five member rings with various sites of protonation and deuteronation. Compared to their neutral forms, these charged isoelectronic forms of PAHs are predicted to have active transitions in the visible region, which means they are suitable candidates as carriers for some of the DIBs and laboratory studies are warranted for these systems.
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2014
ABSTRACT We report the detection of Ne VIII in a z_abs = 0.59961 absorber towards the QSO PG 1407... more ABSTRACT We report the detection of Ne VIII in a z_abs = 0.59961 absorber towards the QSO PG 1407+265 (z_em = 0.94). Besides Ne VIII, absorption from HI Lyman series lines (HI 1025 - 915), several other low (C II, N II, O II, and S II), intermediate (C III, N III, N IV, O III, S IV, and S V) and high (S VI, O VI, and Ne VIII) ionization metal lines are detected. Disparity in the absorption line kinematics between different ions implies that the absorbing gas comprises of multiple ionization phases. The low and the intermediate ions (except S V) trace a compact (~ 410 pc), metal-rich (Z ~ Z_sun) and over-dense (log n_H ~ -2.6) photoionized region that sustained star-formation for a prolonged period. The high ions, Ne VIII and O VI, can be explained as arising in a low density (-5.3 < log n_H < -5.0), metal-rich (Z > Z_sun) and diffuse (~ 180 kpc) photoionized gas. The S V, S VI and C IV (detected in the FOS spectrum) require an intermediate photoionization phase with -4.2 < log n_H < -3.5. Alternatively, a pure collisional ionization model, as used to explain the previous known Ne VIII absorbers, with 5.65 < log T < 5.72, can reproduce the S VI, O VI, and Ne VIII column densities simultaneously in a single phase. However, even such models require an intermediate phase to reproduce any observable S V and/or C IV. Therefore, we conclude that when multiple phases are present, the presence of Ne VIII is not necessarily an unambiguous indication of collisionally ionized hot gas.
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, 2013
ABSTRACT We have presented the observations of O VI absorption at 1032 Å towards 22 sightlines in... more ABSTRACT We have presented the observations of O VI absorption at 1032 Å towards 22 sightlines in 10 superbubbles (SBs) of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) using the data obtained from the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE). The estimated abundance of O VI in the SBs varies from a minimum of (1.09 +/-0.22)×1014 atoms/cm2 in SB N206 to a maximum of (3.71+/-0.23)×1014 atoms/cm2 in SB N70. We find about a 46% excess in the abundance of O VI in the SBs compared to the non-SB lines of sight. Even inside a SB, O VI column density (N(O VI)) varies by about a factor of 2 to 2.5. These data are useful in understanding the nature of the hot gas in SBs.
Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2007
Theoretical and experimental spectroscopic studies have underlined the contribution of large PAHs... more Theoretical and experimental spectroscopic studies have underlined the contribution of large PAHs towards the astrophysical mid-infrared emission bands. Quantum chemical study of eight large PAHs using density functional theory approach is reported along with their infrared spectra. Systematic variation of bands with PAH size is noted and a better agreement with the observed astrophysical bands is obtained. Compared to small and medium sized PAHs there is substantial C-H stretch intensity in the cation spectra. This is attributed to smaller change in charge on the hydrogens upon ionization. For the C-H out-of-plane mode large PAHs correlate well with observed features on the shorter wavelength side of the 11.2 microm band. Presence of two sub-components of the broad 7.7 microm band in large PAHs compares very well with the corresponding astrophysical band and point to the abundance of large PAH cations in interstellar environments. The data presented here may be used for a more detailed study on the profile variations accompanying the mid-IR bands in various interstellar environments.
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