This paper examines internet banking fraud awareness by the banking sector in Southern Africa as ... more This paper examines internet banking fraud awareness by the banking sector in Southern Africa as financial consumers’ protection. The study is grounded on routine activity theory and criminology theory. A qualitative content analysis research technique was used for examination of the text content data through the consistent nomenclature process of coding and classifying themes or patterns to proffer a meticulous considerate of internet banking fraud awareness in the banking sector. The findings suggest that internet fraud awareness to the general public through website is very low by many Southern Africa banks. Most of the banks disclose less than half of the identified internet banking fraud awareness to the general public on their websites. Although some banks have internet fraud information on internet banking applications, however, the authentic efficacy of this information is tentative. This proposes that most of the financial customers engage internet banking transactions with...
This article seeks to examine corporate governance and the performance of audit committee and int... more This article seeks to examine corporate governance and the performance of audit committee and internal audit functions in an emerging economy’s public sector. These two functions form a part of imperative corporate governance aspects, and their effective performance ensures better service delivery by public sector agencies. The study is premised on stakeholder theory, which has turned out to be the central point of public sector discourses. The study is based on qualitative content analysis, which aspires to present information about corporate governance and effectiveness of audit committees and internal audit units in South Africa’s public sector. The findings suggest that there is good corporate governance in terms of the existence of audit committees and internal audit functions in the public sector. However, the results suggest that the audit committees and internal audit units in South Africa’s public sector are not effective. Absence of advice, implementation of recommendation...
Exploitation of plastic money coupled with electronic banking services has come as expediency to ... more Exploitation of plastic money coupled with electronic banking services has come as expediency to financial establishment customers in Zimbabwe. This paper sought to analyze plastic money and electronic banking services espousal vis-a-viz financial identity theft fraud risk awareness in Zimbabwe banking sector via banks’ websites. The theoretical underpinning for this study is Routine Activity Theory. The study used qualitative content analysis research technique for examination of the text content data through the consistent taxonomy process of coding and classifying themes or patterns to submit a painstaking considerate of financial identity theft fraud awareness by the banking sector in Zimbabwe. A sample size of 14 banks (including commercial, merchant and building societies) was used and the banks were arbitrarily chosen on the basis of website accessibility and ease of use of the data. The study findings suggest that there is very little financial identity theft awareness in ...
This paper analyzes internet banking fraud alertness to the general public by the South African b... more This paper analyzes internet banking fraud alertness to the general public by the South African banking institutions. The study is centered on routine activity theory, which is a criminology theory. A qualitative content analysis was used as the research technique for the interpretation of the text data from each bank's website through the systematic classification process of coding and identifying themes or patterns to provide an in-depth understanding of internet banking fraud alertness in the banking sector. A sample size of 13 out of 16 locally and foreign controlled retail banks in South Africa was used. The findings report that banks are not adequately providing internet fraud alertness information to the general public on their websites notwithstanding that most banks they do provide such information to log-in users and the use of that information is doubtful. This study suggests a need to augment internet banking fraud alertness information and passably inform internet banking users of the types of internet banking fraud perpetrated by internet fraudsters before they log-in for transacting. Considering the current and widespread quandary of internet banking fraud, the information of this paper is important for internet banking users to improve their aptitude in identifying fraudulent schemes and circumvent them, and for the banking institutions to invest more in the provision of internet banking fraud information to the general public.
Public sector financial health coupled with good governance is an indispensable ingredient of the... more Public sector financial health coupled with good governance is an indispensable ingredient of the growth route of any particular nation. The financial health antecedents in the public sector include under-spending of capital budgets, going concern and debt management. The study seeks out to scrutinize governance and financial health in an emerging country's public sector. The study has been directed by the two theories namely, Agency theory and Stewardship theory. Governance hassles may take place in relation with numerous principal-agent affairs as well as stewardship matters. This study is centred on an interpretative philosophy which observed evocative and emblematic content of qualitative data from 24 General Reports on The Provincial Audit Outcomes for the three periods (2012-2013; 2013-2014 and 2014-2015). The findings suggested that most of the provinces have shown a lapsed or little progress in the sufficient monitoring and oversight of the cash flow, capital expenditure and debt management processes at a number of agencies and departments. This resulted in almost all the monies payable to the provinces not collected, capital projects not appropriately managed, suppliers not paid on time, and cash shortfalls to bring on the service delivery targets. The study concludes most of the provinces have revealed that there are no improvements towards minimization of financial risk indicators. It is recommended that public sector agencies leadership must continue to monitor the implementation of revenue collection, effective budget and cash-flow management to ensure that funds are utilized for their projected purposes and the entire monies due are recovered. This will add to improved fiscal health, going concern and service delivery in the public sector.
How to cite this paper: Dzomira, S. (2017). Financial Accountability & Governance in an Emerging ... more How to cite this paper: Dzomira, S. (2017). Financial Accountability & Governance in an Emerging Country.
This paper examines internet banking fraud awareness by the banking sector in Southern Africa as ... more This paper examines internet banking fraud awareness by the banking sector in Southern Africa as financial consum-ers' protection. The study is grounded on routine activity theory and criminology theory. A qualitative content analysis research technique was used for examination of the text content data through the consistent nomenclature process of coding and classifying themes or patterns to proffer a meticulous considerate of internet banking fraud awareness in the banking sector. The findings suggest that internet fraud awareness to the general public through website is very low by many Southern Africa banks. Most of the banks disclose less than half of the identified internet banking fraud awareness to the general public on their websites. Although some banks have internet fraud information on internet banking applications, however, the authentic efficacy of this information is tentative. This proposes that most of the financial customers engage internet banking transactions without sufficient awareness on potential internet threats and attacks. There is, consequently, high likelihood of financial consumers being internet banking fraud victims.
The study seeks to examine the espousal of the combined assurance model in South Africa's public ... more The study seeks to examine the espousal of the combined assurance model in South Africa's public sector, since there is not solitary autonomous unit that offers assurance in seclusion but various units add to the assurance progression. The study is grounded on stewardship theory in which various concepts of stewardship imply it to be a function of governments' accountability for the wellbeing of citizens. This research study followed a qualitative research approach in which data were analyzed qualitatively based on an interpretative philosophy which examined meaningful and symbolic content of qualitative data from general reports on the provincial audit outcomes for the period (2014-2015). It was concluded that the level of appreciation of the combined assurance model and assurance provision in South African public sector is commendable, although there is still a need to improve and fully implement the model so as to attain good governance through stewardship advance. To that end, the governing body in South Africa's public sector needs to augment its monitoring of harmonized and all inclusive approach in internal control systems, risk management and compliance issues. This serves in the best legitimate interests and expectations of the " inclusive stakeholders " via embracing of stewardship approach.
This paper seeks to analyze governance and fraud risk management in the public sector in South Af... more This paper seeks to analyze governance and fraud risk management in the public sector in South Africa. Corporate governance and service delivery have become the universal aphorism associated with the trend towards grander public sector obligation and the conduct of business within tolerable virtuous standards. The paper is premised on stakeholder theory which has turn out to be the pivotal point of numerous debates. It frequently serves as a point of allusion in agents' discourses, in their acts and in a host of " public sector administration " studies. The study was based on qualitative approach using descriptive research design. General reports on The Provincial Audit Outcomes for the periods (2011-12; 2012-13 & 2013-14) of all the 9 provinces in South Africa were used as primary documents for data analysis. The findings suggested that there seems to be no good corporate governance practices and effective fraud risk management in the public sector in South Africa. There is lack of effective leadership based on a culture of honesty, professionalism , effective HR management, and ethical business, protecting and enhancing the best interests of the sector. Exercise of oversight responsibility regarding financial and performance reporting, compliance with applicable laws and regulations and related internal controls is inadequate. It is concluded that governance and fraud risk management are positively related. Hence operational governance is a driver of audit outcomes, coupled with audit committees and internal audit divisions being strategic rudiments of governance. The correct leadership tone is required to build this culture and to ensure that available skills in the public sector are effectively utilized for effective and efficient service delivery.
The study sought to explore and examine commercial banking sector's governance practices in Zimba... more The study sought to explore and examine commercial banking sector's governance practices in Zimbabwe on disclosure of corporate governance issues. This paper is premised on the stakeholder theory that explains the relationship of the firm to its external environment, and its behavior within this environment. The study was based on descriptive research design which aims to provide information about corporate governance disclosure by commercial banks in Zimbabwe. As is associated with qualitative research approach purposive sampling technique was used. Data analysis and scoring of the disclosure for each bank was conducted through a content analysis. The findings of this study suggest that disclosure on financial situation and governance of the company is relatively fair whereas poor disclosure is on ownership. The study concluded that comparatively there is fair transparency in corporate governance in the commercial banks of Zimbabwe which means that commercial banks are gradually appreciating the best practice in satisfying stakeholders through transparency on corporate governance. The study sheds more light on the level of corporate governance disclosure and transparency by the commercial banks in Zimbabwe and pragmatically notifies stakeholders of the standing slits that require attention so as to gain full-bodied corporate governance procedures. The study adds to the body of knowledge in that it is directed in the Zimbabwean context and provides more influential insights; since it is a specific economy it has its exceptional national characteristics. Subsequently, probing studies on institutional governance of Zimbabwe banks, grounded on information disclosed in annual reports are comparatively rare in the literature.
This paper examines online and electronic banking fraud prevention and safety tips awareness by t... more This paper examines online and electronic banking fraud prevention and safety tips awareness by the South African banking institutions. A qualitative content analysis research technique was used for the analysis of the content of manuscript data through the logical taxonomy process of coding. The findings report that even though online and electronic banking fraud prevention awareness and educational efforts that are stirring currently are noble, they are modestly not at the standard desirable to relief hundreds of millions of internet customers. This area requests considerably increased investment from the banking industry. }∇ Kontakt autora: shewangu@yahoo.com. Autor izjavljuje da nema značajne materijalne ili finansijske interese koji se odnose na istraživanje opisano u ovom radu. Takođe, autor izjavljuje da je podneti članak njegov originalan rad i da nakon izdavanja ništa od sadržine neće predstavljati povredu autorskog prava. Rad primljen 29.05.2015. godine. Odobren za objavljivanje 05.10.2015. godine.
The paper explores forms of electronic fraud which are being perpetrated in the banking industry ... more The paper explores forms of electronic fraud which are being perpetrated in the banking industry and the challenges being faced in an attempt to combat the risk. The paper is based on a descriptive study which studied the cyber fraud phenomenon using content analysis. To obtain the data questionnaires and interviews were administered to the selected informants from 22 banks. Convenience and judgemental sampling techniques were used. It was found out that most of the cited types of electronic fraud are perpetrated across the banking industry. Challenges like lack of resources (detection tools and technologies), inadequate cyber-crime laws and lack of knowledge through education and awareness were noted. It is recommended that the issue of cyber security should be addressed involving all the stakeholders so that technological systems are safeguarded from cyber-attacks.
The paper investigates digital analytical tools and technologies used in electronic fraud prevent... more The paper investigates digital analytical tools and technologies used in electronic fraud prevention and detection, used in the banking industry. The paper is based on a descriptive study which studied digital forensics and cyber fraud phenomenon using content analysis. To obtain the data questionnaires and interviews were administered to the selected informants from 22 banks. Convenience and judgemental sampling techniques were used. It was found out that fraud detection and prevention tools and technologies would be most effective way of combating e-fraud if they can be utilized. It is concluded that banking institutions should reshape their anti-fraud strategies to be effective by considering fraud detection efforts using advanced analytics and related tools, software and application to get more efficient oversight.
The paper describes the analysis of the bank failures phenomenon in Africa with a deep analysis o... more The paper describes the analysis of the bank failures phenomenon in Africa with a deep analysis of Zimbabwe scenario. The paper is based on historical research design which used analytical and comparative research approaches to study the bank failures phenomenon. To obtain the historical evidence the researcher consulted primary sources, secondary sources and running records. It was discovered and concluded that the failing of banks was attributed to liquidity and solvency problems as a result of flawed corporate governance standards, inadequate risk management, high levels of non- performing loans and speculative activities among a confluence of factors. It was therefore recommended that enterprise-wide risk management framework should be implemented without failing and adoption of Basel II/III on banking supervision and surveillance.
The whistleblower is always in a dilemma situation whenever making a decision on whether to blow ... more The whistleblower is always in a dilemma situation whenever making a decision on whether to blow or not blow the whistle after observing unethical behavior or wrongdoing. This paper provides conceptual model and an economic model for whistleblowing decision making phenomena through mixed strategies of the game theory. The instinctual issue of whistleblowing game’s mixed equilibrium would be that the probabilities rest on the opponent’s payoffs and not on the player’s own payoffs. Even if blowing the whistle is not really definite, a satisfactorily high chance of disinterring the wrongdoing ought to discourage commission of unethical behavior.
The paper discourses the conceptualization of the cyber-banking fraud in an effort to mitigate th... more The paper discourses the conceptualization of the cyber-banking fraud in an effort to mitigate the risk. Key role players and elements in electronic and online fraud (cyber fraud) risk management are examined, concerns addressed and the answer is suggested. The key participants and elements include e-fraud victims; fraudster (s), guardian (bank), environmental factors and fraud types. This paper is based on conceptual study and applies ontological tradition which emphasizes concepts that identify the basic features of the cyber fraud risk management phenomena and aims to explore how the banking community experiences the reality. The paper concluded by assimilating all the pertinent elements in cyber fraud risk management into a proposed model to aid financial institutions in mitigating cyber fraud risk and the model development creates a different way of looking at cyber fraud risk management phenomenon since it shows a logical extension of current knowledge.
This paper examines internet banking fraud awareness by the banking sector in Southern Africa as ... more This paper examines internet banking fraud awareness by the banking sector in Southern Africa as financial consumers’ protection. The study is grounded on routine activity theory and criminology theory. A qualitative content analysis research technique was used for examination of the text content data through the consistent nomenclature process of coding and classifying themes or patterns to proffer a meticulous considerate of internet banking fraud awareness in the banking sector. The findings suggest that internet fraud awareness to the general public through website is very low by many Southern Africa banks. Most of the banks disclose less than half of the identified internet banking fraud awareness to the general public on their websites. Although some banks have internet fraud information on internet banking applications, however, the authentic efficacy of this information is tentative. This proposes that most of the financial customers engage internet banking transactions with...
This article seeks to examine corporate governance and the performance of audit committee and int... more This article seeks to examine corporate governance and the performance of audit committee and internal audit functions in an emerging economy’s public sector. These two functions form a part of imperative corporate governance aspects, and their effective performance ensures better service delivery by public sector agencies. The study is premised on stakeholder theory, which has turned out to be the central point of public sector discourses. The study is based on qualitative content analysis, which aspires to present information about corporate governance and effectiveness of audit committees and internal audit units in South Africa’s public sector. The findings suggest that there is good corporate governance in terms of the existence of audit committees and internal audit functions in the public sector. However, the results suggest that the audit committees and internal audit units in South Africa’s public sector are not effective. Absence of advice, implementation of recommendation...
Exploitation of plastic money coupled with electronic banking services has come as expediency to ... more Exploitation of plastic money coupled with electronic banking services has come as expediency to financial establishment customers in Zimbabwe. This paper sought to analyze plastic money and electronic banking services espousal vis-a-viz financial identity theft fraud risk awareness in Zimbabwe banking sector via banks’ websites. The theoretical underpinning for this study is Routine Activity Theory. The study used qualitative content analysis research technique for examination of the text content data through the consistent taxonomy process of coding and classifying themes or patterns to submit a painstaking considerate of financial identity theft fraud awareness by the banking sector in Zimbabwe. A sample size of 14 banks (including commercial, merchant and building societies) was used and the banks were arbitrarily chosen on the basis of website accessibility and ease of use of the data. The study findings suggest that there is very little financial identity theft awareness in ...
This paper analyzes internet banking fraud alertness to the general public by the South African b... more This paper analyzes internet banking fraud alertness to the general public by the South African banking institutions. The study is centered on routine activity theory, which is a criminology theory. A qualitative content analysis was used as the research technique for the interpretation of the text data from each bank's website through the systematic classification process of coding and identifying themes or patterns to provide an in-depth understanding of internet banking fraud alertness in the banking sector. A sample size of 13 out of 16 locally and foreign controlled retail banks in South Africa was used. The findings report that banks are not adequately providing internet fraud alertness information to the general public on their websites notwithstanding that most banks they do provide such information to log-in users and the use of that information is doubtful. This study suggests a need to augment internet banking fraud alertness information and passably inform internet banking users of the types of internet banking fraud perpetrated by internet fraudsters before they log-in for transacting. Considering the current and widespread quandary of internet banking fraud, the information of this paper is important for internet banking users to improve their aptitude in identifying fraudulent schemes and circumvent them, and for the banking institutions to invest more in the provision of internet banking fraud information to the general public.
Public sector financial health coupled with good governance is an indispensable ingredient of the... more Public sector financial health coupled with good governance is an indispensable ingredient of the growth route of any particular nation. The financial health antecedents in the public sector include under-spending of capital budgets, going concern and debt management. The study seeks out to scrutinize governance and financial health in an emerging country's public sector. The study has been directed by the two theories namely, Agency theory and Stewardship theory. Governance hassles may take place in relation with numerous principal-agent affairs as well as stewardship matters. This study is centred on an interpretative philosophy which observed evocative and emblematic content of qualitative data from 24 General Reports on The Provincial Audit Outcomes for the three periods (2012-2013; 2013-2014 and 2014-2015). The findings suggested that most of the provinces have shown a lapsed or little progress in the sufficient monitoring and oversight of the cash flow, capital expenditure and debt management processes at a number of agencies and departments. This resulted in almost all the monies payable to the provinces not collected, capital projects not appropriately managed, suppliers not paid on time, and cash shortfalls to bring on the service delivery targets. The study concludes most of the provinces have revealed that there are no improvements towards minimization of financial risk indicators. It is recommended that public sector agencies leadership must continue to monitor the implementation of revenue collection, effective budget and cash-flow management to ensure that funds are utilized for their projected purposes and the entire monies due are recovered. This will add to improved fiscal health, going concern and service delivery in the public sector.
How to cite this paper: Dzomira, S. (2017). Financial Accountability & Governance in an Emerging ... more How to cite this paper: Dzomira, S. (2017). Financial Accountability & Governance in an Emerging Country.
This paper examines internet banking fraud awareness by the banking sector in Southern Africa as ... more This paper examines internet banking fraud awareness by the banking sector in Southern Africa as financial consum-ers' protection. The study is grounded on routine activity theory and criminology theory. A qualitative content analysis research technique was used for examination of the text content data through the consistent nomenclature process of coding and classifying themes or patterns to proffer a meticulous considerate of internet banking fraud awareness in the banking sector. The findings suggest that internet fraud awareness to the general public through website is very low by many Southern Africa banks. Most of the banks disclose less than half of the identified internet banking fraud awareness to the general public on their websites. Although some banks have internet fraud information on internet banking applications, however, the authentic efficacy of this information is tentative. This proposes that most of the financial customers engage internet banking transactions without sufficient awareness on potential internet threats and attacks. There is, consequently, high likelihood of financial consumers being internet banking fraud victims.
The study seeks to examine the espousal of the combined assurance model in South Africa's public ... more The study seeks to examine the espousal of the combined assurance model in South Africa's public sector, since there is not solitary autonomous unit that offers assurance in seclusion but various units add to the assurance progression. The study is grounded on stewardship theory in which various concepts of stewardship imply it to be a function of governments' accountability for the wellbeing of citizens. This research study followed a qualitative research approach in which data were analyzed qualitatively based on an interpretative philosophy which examined meaningful and symbolic content of qualitative data from general reports on the provincial audit outcomes for the period (2014-2015). It was concluded that the level of appreciation of the combined assurance model and assurance provision in South African public sector is commendable, although there is still a need to improve and fully implement the model so as to attain good governance through stewardship advance. To that end, the governing body in South Africa's public sector needs to augment its monitoring of harmonized and all inclusive approach in internal control systems, risk management and compliance issues. This serves in the best legitimate interests and expectations of the " inclusive stakeholders " via embracing of stewardship approach.
This paper seeks to analyze governance and fraud risk management in the public sector in South Af... more This paper seeks to analyze governance and fraud risk management in the public sector in South Africa. Corporate governance and service delivery have become the universal aphorism associated with the trend towards grander public sector obligation and the conduct of business within tolerable virtuous standards. The paper is premised on stakeholder theory which has turn out to be the pivotal point of numerous debates. It frequently serves as a point of allusion in agents' discourses, in their acts and in a host of " public sector administration " studies. The study was based on qualitative approach using descriptive research design. General reports on The Provincial Audit Outcomes for the periods (2011-12; 2012-13 & 2013-14) of all the 9 provinces in South Africa were used as primary documents for data analysis. The findings suggested that there seems to be no good corporate governance practices and effective fraud risk management in the public sector in South Africa. There is lack of effective leadership based on a culture of honesty, professionalism , effective HR management, and ethical business, protecting and enhancing the best interests of the sector. Exercise of oversight responsibility regarding financial and performance reporting, compliance with applicable laws and regulations and related internal controls is inadequate. It is concluded that governance and fraud risk management are positively related. Hence operational governance is a driver of audit outcomes, coupled with audit committees and internal audit divisions being strategic rudiments of governance. The correct leadership tone is required to build this culture and to ensure that available skills in the public sector are effectively utilized for effective and efficient service delivery.
The study sought to explore and examine commercial banking sector's governance practices in Zimba... more The study sought to explore and examine commercial banking sector's governance practices in Zimbabwe on disclosure of corporate governance issues. This paper is premised on the stakeholder theory that explains the relationship of the firm to its external environment, and its behavior within this environment. The study was based on descriptive research design which aims to provide information about corporate governance disclosure by commercial banks in Zimbabwe. As is associated with qualitative research approach purposive sampling technique was used. Data analysis and scoring of the disclosure for each bank was conducted through a content analysis. The findings of this study suggest that disclosure on financial situation and governance of the company is relatively fair whereas poor disclosure is on ownership. The study concluded that comparatively there is fair transparency in corporate governance in the commercial banks of Zimbabwe which means that commercial banks are gradually appreciating the best practice in satisfying stakeholders through transparency on corporate governance. The study sheds more light on the level of corporate governance disclosure and transparency by the commercial banks in Zimbabwe and pragmatically notifies stakeholders of the standing slits that require attention so as to gain full-bodied corporate governance procedures. The study adds to the body of knowledge in that it is directed in the Zimbabwean context and provides more influential insights; since it is a specific economy it has its exceptional national characteristics. Subsequently, probing studies on institutional governance of Zimbabwe banks, grounded on information disclosed in annual reports are comparatively rare in the literature.
This paper examines online and electronic banking fraud prevention and safety tips awareness by t... more This paper examines online and electronic banking fraud prevention and safety tips awareness by the South African banking institutions. A qualitative content analysis research technique was used for the analysis of the content of manuscript data through the logical taxonomy process of coding. The findings report that even though online and electronic banking fraud prevention awareness and educational efforts that are stirring currently are noble, they are modestly not at the standard desirable to relief hundreds of millions of internet customers. This area requests considerably increased investment from the banking industry. }∇ Kontakt autora: shewangu@yahoo.com. Autor izjavljuje da nema značajne materijalne ili finansijske interese koji se odnose na istraživanje opisano u ovom radu. Takođe, autor izjavljuje da je podneti članak njegov originalan rad i da nakon izdavanja ništa od sadržine neće predstavljati povredu autorskog prava. Rad primljen 29.05.2015. godine. Odobren za objavljivanje 05.10.2015. godine.
The paper explores forms of electronic fraud which are being perpetrated in the banking industry ... more The paper explores forms of electronic fraud which are being perpetrated in the banking industry and the challenges being faced in an attempt to combat the risk. The paper is based on a descriptive study which studied the cyber fraud phenomenon using content analysis. To obtain the data questionnaires and interviews were administered to the selected informants from 22 banks. Convenience and judgemental sampling techniques were used. It was found out that most of the cited types of electronic fraud are perpetrated across the banking industry. Challenges like lack of resources (detection tools and technologies), inadequate cyber-crime laws and lack of knowledge through education and awareness were noted. It is recommended that the issue of cyber security should be addressed involving all the stakeholders so that technological systems are safeguarded from cyber-attacks.
The paper investigates digital analytical tools and technologies used in electronic fraud prevent... more The paper investigates digital analytical tools and technologies used in electronic fraud prevention and detection, used in the banking industry. The paper is based on a descriptive study which studied digital forensics and cyber fraud phenomenon using content analysis. To obtain the data questionnaires and interviews were administered to the selected informants from 22 banks. Convenience and judgemental sampling techniques were used. It was found out that fraud detection and prevention tools and technologies would be most effective way of combating e-fraud if they can be utilized. It is concluded that banking institutions should reshape their anti-fraud strategies to be effective by considering fraud detection efforts using advanced analytics and related tools, software and application to get more efficient oversight.
The paper describes the analysis of the bank failures phenomenon in Africa with a deep analysis o... more The paper describes the analysis of the bank failures phenomenon in Africa with a deep analysis of Zimbabwe scenario. The paper is based on historical research design which used analytical and comparative research approaches to study the bank failures phenomenon. To obtain the historical evidence the researcher consulted primary sources, secondary sources and running records. It was discovered and concluded that the failing of banks was attributed to liquidity and solvency problems as a result of flawed corporate governance standards, inadequate risk management, high levels of non- performing loans and speculative activities among a confluence of factors. It was therefore recommended that enterprise-wide risk management framework should be implemented without failing and adoption of Basel II/III on banking supervision and surveillance.
The whistleblower is always in a dilemma situation whenever making a decision on whether to blow ... more The whistleblower is always in a dilemma situation whenever making a decision on whether to blow or not blow the whistle after observing unethical behavior or wrongdoing. This paper provides conceptual model and an economic model for whistleblowing decision making phenomena through mixed strategies of the game theory. The instinctual issue of whistleblowing game’s mixed equilibrium would be that the probabilities rest on the opponent’s payoffs and not on the player’s own payoffs. Even if blowing the whistle is not really definite, a satisfactorily high chance of disinterring the wrongdoing ought to discourage commission of unethical behavior.
The paper discourses the conceptualization of the cyber-banking fraud in an effort to mitigate th... more The paper discourses the conceptualization of the cyber-banking fraud in an effort to mitigate the risk. Key role players and elements in electronic and online fraud (cyber fraud) risk management are examined, concerns addressed and the answer is suggested. The key participants and elements include e-fraud victims; fraudster (s), guardian (bank), environmental factors and fraud types. This paper is based on conceptual study and applies ontological tradition which emphasizes concepts that identify the basic features of the cyber fraud risk management phenomena and aims to explore how the banking community experiences the reality. The paper concluded by assimilating all the pertinent elements in cyber fraud risk management into a proposed model to aid financial institutions in mitigating cyber fraud risk and the model development creates a different way of looking at cyber fraud risk management phenomenon since it shows a logical extension of current knowledge.
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and elements in electronic and online fraud (cyber fraud) risk management are examined, concerns addressed and the
answer is suggested. The key participants and elements include e-fraud victims; fraudster (s), guardian (bank), environmental
factors and fraud types. This paper is based on conceptual study and applies ontological tradition which
emphasizes concepts that identify the basic features of the cyber fraud risk management phenomena and aims to explore
how the banking community experiences the reality. The paper concluded by assimilating all the pertinent elements
in cyber fraud risk management into a proposed model to aid financial institutions in mitigating cyber fraud risk
and the model development creates a different way of looking at cyber fraud risk management phenomenon since it
shows a logical extension of current knowledge.
and elements in electronic and online fraud (cyber fraud) risk management are examined, concerns addressed and the
answer is suggested. The key participants and elements include e-fraud victims; fraudster (s), guardian (bank), environmental
factors and fraud types. This paper is based on conceptual study and applies ontological tradition which
emphasizes concepts that identify the basic features of the cyber fraud risk management phenomena and aims to explore
how the banking community experiences the reality. The paper concluded by assimilating all the pertinent elements
in cyber fraud risk management into a proposed model to aid financial institutions in mitigating cyber fraud risk
and the model development creates a different way of looking at cyber fraud risk management phenomenon since it
shows a logical extension of current knowledge.