Papers by Jack Vanderhoek
Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal
Major improvements in medical diagnostics and treatments in Dutch hospital care during the second... more Major improvements in medical diagnostics and treatments in Dutch hospital care during the second half of the 19th century led to a shift from a nearly exclusive focus on indigent patients to an increasing proportion of hospital beds dedicated to paying middle-class patients. To accommodate this change, three private non-sectarian hospitals for middle-class patients were established in Amsterdam between 1857 and 1902. However, the two Jewish hospitals in the Dutch capital, the Dutch Jewish Ashkenazi hospital (NIZ), and the Portuguese Jewish hospital (PIZ), initially established exclusively for poor Jews, were much slower to respond to the trend of increasing hospital care for the middle class. This study examines how these hospitals addressed the needs of both poor and middle-class patients in the first decades of the 20th century as well as the success of the Centrale Israelitische Ziekenverpleging (CIZ, Central Jewish hospital) that was established solely for middle-class Jewish p...
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Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal
The Joles Jewish Hospital in Haarlem (a small city in the Netherlands) was established in 1930 to... more The Joles Jewish Hospital in Haarlem (a small city in the Netherlands) was established in 1930 to provide a Jewish milieu for local patients. Mozes Joles, a wealthy Jewish businessman, bequeathed his fortune to the Haarlem Jewish community to accomplish this objective, and its spiritual leader, Rabbi Simon Philip de Vries, was the driving force in successfully achieving this goal. The Joles Hospital was forcibly closed by the Nazis in 1943, and the postwar leadership of the Haarlem Jewish community decided not to reopen it. Instead, they used the Joles inheritance to build old age homes in both Haifa, Israel, and Haarlem, thus ensuring a Jewish environment for elderly care in both locales. The realization of one man’s charitable act bettered the lives of both ill and elderly individuals.
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Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1980
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Journal of Lipid Research, 1998
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The Lancet, 1979
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Prostaglandins, 1974
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Stroke, 1998
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Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Lipids …, 1973
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Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Lipids …, 1973
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Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal
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Rambam Maimonides medical journal, Jan 19, 2018
In the early seventeenth century, the Jews formally established two separate communities in Amste... more In the early seventeenth century, the Jews formally established two separate communities in Amsterdam, the Portuguese Sephardi and the High German Ashkenazi congregations. Until the end of the eighteenth century, medical care for the Amsterdam indigent Jews had been controlled and regulated by the powerful Parnasim, the de facto rulers, of each community. The primary communal organizations that were exclusively responsible for medical care for the poor were the Bikur Holim societies. This approach for the care of the indigent Jewish sick became ineffective in the nineteenth century and was replaced by a hospital-based system. This essay describes how seriously ill indigent Jews in nineteenth-century Amsterdam received hospital care, tracing the establishment and development of the first Ashkenazi and Sephardi hospitals in the city. Although each community established their own hospital, they used different approaches to accomplish this goal.
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Rambam Maimonides medical journal, Jan 19, 2018
In the early seventeenth century, the Jews formally established two separate communities in Amste... more In the early seventeenth century, the Jews formally established two separate communities in Amsterdam, the Portuguese Sephardi and the High German Ashkenazi congregations. Until the end of the eighteenth century, medical care for the Amsterdam indigent Jews had been controlled and regulated by the powerful Parnasim, the de facto rulers, of each community. The primary communal organizations that were exclusively responsible for medical care for the poor were the Bikur Holim societies. This approach for the care of the indigent Jewish sick became ineffective in the nineteenth century and was replaced by a hospital-based system. This essay describes how seriously ill indigent Jews in nineteenth-century Amsterdam received hospital care, tracing the establishment and development of the first Ashkenazi and Sephardi hospitals in the city. Although each community established their own hospital, they used different approaches to accomplish this goal.
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Hospitals in the 18th and early 19th centuries were primarily charitable institutions where the i... more Hospitals in the 18th and early 19th centuries were primarily charitable institutions where the indigent sick were provided with medical care. As Jewish communities were well known for their philanthropy, it was not surprising that the Spanish Portuguese Jewish community in London had started its hospital, Bet Holim, in 1747, less than a hundred years after the readmission of Jews to England. This hospital lasted well into the 19th century. The other London Jewish community, whose members originated from Germany, Central and Eastern Europe, were known as the Ashkenazim. This paper will briefly review the medical care for the Jewish indigent throughout the centuries, then focus on the type of medical care that was available for destitute London Ashkenazi Jews at the beginning of the 19th century and describe why several Jewish benefactors decided in 1812 to establish a Jewish Hospital for Poor Ashkenazi Jews, the Bais Cholim Le-Ashkenazim. This study will detail the response of the Jewish community to this hospital and suggest several reasons for its brief existence of less than 10 years.
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Atherosclerosis, 1977
Accretion of cholesterol ester was studied in rat aortic smooth muscle cells in culture. Confluen... more Accretion of cholesterol ester was studied in rat aortic smooth muscle cells in culture. Confluent multilayers of smooth muscle cells were exposed to human low density lipoprotein (LDL) and chloroquine and this treatment resulted in a very marked increase in cellular cholesterol ester. The degree of enrichment in cholesterol ester was related inversely to the cell density in the petri dish and was maximal in 48 h. The morphological changes after 48 h incubation with chloroquine and LDL consisted of accumulation of numerous membrane-bound inclusions containing electron-dense and electron-lucent material, some of which resembled secondary lysosomes. These changes resembled some of the changes observed in human and experimental atheromatosis. Similar inclusions were seen also in cultured human skin fibroblasts which accumulated large amounts of cholesterol ester during 48 h incubation with LDL and chloroquine. Removal of the accumulated cellular cholesterol ester was studied in the two cell types and it was markedly enhanced in the presence of lipoprotein-deficient serum and high density apolipoprotein-sphingomyelin mixture. The morphological findings after 24 h of post incubation revealed the presence of empty vacuoles, membrane whorls and cytoplasmic lipid droplets. The present results indicate that aortic smooth muscle cells in culture can serve as a good model to study the role of the lysosomal system in atherogenesis.
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Open Nutrition Journal, 2013
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Cell Calcium Metabolism, 1989
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Papers by Jack Vanderhoek