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Identification
- Summary
Etoricoxib is a selective COX-2 inhibitor used to relieve moderate post-surgical dental pain as a short-term treatment and inflammatory and painful symptoms of various forms of arthritis.
- Generic Name
- Etoricoxib
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB01628
- Background
Etoricoxib is a new COX-2 selective inhibitor. Current therapeutic indications are: treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, chronic low back pain, acute pain and gout. Like any other COX-2 selective inhibitor, Etoricoxib selectively inhibits isoform 2 of cyclo-oxigenase enzyme (COX-2) to reduce the generation of prostaglandins (PGs) from arachidonic acid. It is approved in more than 60 countries worldwide but not in the US.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational
- Structure
Structure for Etoricoxib (DB01628)
- Weight
- Average: 358.842
Monoisotopic: 358.054276131 - Chemical Formula
- C18H15ClN2O2S
- Synonyms
- 5-chloro-2-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)-3-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)pyridine
- 5-Chloro-3-(4-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-6'-methyl-[2,3']bipyridinyl
- 5-chloro-6'-methyl-3-(p-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-2,3'-bipyridine
- Etoricoxib
- étoricoxib
- Etoricoxibum
- External IDs
- L-791456
- L791456
- MK-0663
- MK-663
Pharmacology
- Indication
For the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, chronic low back pain, acute pain and gout.
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Symptomatic treatment of Ankylosing spondylitis (as) •••••••••••• ••••••• •••• •••••• Symptomatic treatment of Gouty arthritis •••••••••••• ••••••• •••• •••••• Symptomatic treatment of Osteoarthritis (oa) •••••••••••• ••••••• •••• •••••• Symptomatic treatment of Rheumatoid arthritis •••••••••••• ••••••• •••• •••••• Management of Moderate pain •••••••••••• ••••••• •••• •••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API- Pharmacodynamics
Etoricoxib is a COX-2 selective inhibitor (approximately 106 times more selective for COX-2 inhibition over COX-1).
- Mechanism of action
Like any other COX-2 selective inhibitor Etoricoxib selectively inhibits isoform 2 of cyclo-oxigenase enzyme (COX-2), preventing production of prostaglandins (PGs) from arachidonic acid.
Target Actions Organism AProstaglandin G/H synthase 2 inhibitorHumans - Absorption
Bioavailability is 100% following oral administration.
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
92%
- Metabolism
Hepatic, primarily via CYP3A4.
Hover over products below to view reaction partners
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
22 hours
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
This reduced activity is the cause of reduced gastrointestinal toxicity, as demonstrated in several large clinical trials performed with different COXIB (see below links on NEJM and The Lancet). Some clinical trials and meta-analysis showed that treatment with COXIB lead to increased incidence of cardiovascular adverse events compared to placebo
- Pathways
Pathway Category Etoricoxib Action Pathway Drug action - Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbacavir Etoricoxib may decrease the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a higher serum level. Abametapir The serum concentration of Etoricoxib can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir. Abatacept The metabolism of Etoricoxib can be increased when combined with Abatacept. Abciximab The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Etoricoxib is combined with Abciximab. Abemaciclib The serum concentration of Abemaciclib can be increased when it is combined with Etoricoxib. - Food Interactions
- Take with or without food. The absorption is unaffected by food.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Etoricoxib hydrochloride 138Y28RY5E 202409-40-3 NNGHGPAKTWAHHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N - International/Other Brands
- Algix / Arcoxia / Coxyveen (Solmarc Lifesciences) / Etorix / Nucoxia / Tauxib
Categories
- ATC Codes
- M01AH05 — Etoricoxib
- Drug Categories
- Agents causing hyperkalemia
- Agents that produce hypertension
- Analgesics
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
- Antiinflammatory and Antirheumatic Products
- Antiinflammatory and Antirheumatic Products, Non-Steroids
- Antirheumatic Agents
- COX-2 Inhibitors
- Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inhibitors (weak)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Inhibitors (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors (weak)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 Inhibitors (weak)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inhibitors (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
- Enzyme Inhibitors
- Musculo-Skeletal System
- Nephrotoxic agents
- Peripheral Nervous System Agents
- Pyridines
- Selective Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors (NSAIDs)
- Sensory System Agents
- Sulfones
- Sulfur Compounds
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as bipyridines and oligopyridines. These are organic compounds containing two pyridine rings linked to each other.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organoheterocyclic compounds
- Class
- Pyridines and derivatives
- Sub Class
- Bipyridines and oligopyridines
- Direct Parent
- Bipyridines and oligopyridines
- Alternative Parents
- Phenylpyridines / Benzenesulfonyl compounds / Methylpyridines / Aryl chlorides / Sulfones / Heteroaromatic compounds / Azacyclic compounds / Organopnictogen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Organochlorides show 2 more
- Substituents
- 3-phenylpyridine / Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound / Aryl chloride / Aryl halide / Azacycle / Benzenesulfonyl group / Benzenoid / Bipyridine / Heteroaromatic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative show 12 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- sulfone, organochlorine compound, bipyridines (CHEBI:6339)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- WRX4NFY03R
- CAS number
- 202409-33-4
- InChI Key
- MNJVRJDLRVPLFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C18H15ClN2O2S/c1-12-3-4-14(10-20-12)18-17(9-15(19)11-21-18)13-5-7-16(8-6-13)24(2,22)23/h3-11H,1-2H3
- IUPAC Name
- 5-chloro-3-(4-methanesulfonylphenyl)-6'-methyl-2,3'-bipyridine
- SMILES
- CC1=NC=C(C=C1)C1=C(C=C(Cl)C=N1)C1=CC=C(C=C1)S(C)(=O)=O
References
- Synthesis Reference
Andrea Castellin, Paolo Stabile, Francesco Fontana, Ottorino De Lucchi, Andrea Caporale, Stefano Tartaggia, "PROCESS FOR PREPARING 1-(6-METHYLPYRIDIN-3-YL)-2-[4-(METHYLSULFONYL)PHENYL]ETHANONE, AN INTERMEDIATE OF ETORICOXIB." U.S. Patent US20120232281, issued September 13, 2012.
US20120232281- General References
- Not Available
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0015565
- KEGG Drug
- D03710
- KEGG Compound
- C11718
- PubChem Compound
- 123619
- PubChem Substance
- 46504505
- ChemSpider
- 110209
- BindingDB
- 50072064
- 307296
- ChEBI
- 6339
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL416146
- ZINC
- ZINC000000579472
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DAP000738
- PharmGKB
- PA164776853
- PDBe Ligand
- 5CH
- Wikipedia
- Etoricoxib
- PDB Entries
- 3cfl
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial & Rare Diseases Add-on Data Package
Explore 4,000+ rare diseases, orphan drugs & condition pairs, clinical trial why stopped data, & more. Preview package Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count Start Date Why Stopped 100+ additional columns Unlock 175K+ rows when you subscribe.View sample dataNot Available Completed Treatment Acupuncture / Acute Gout Arthritis / Acute Pain 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 4 Completed Basic Science Rheumatoid Arthritis 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 4 Completed Prevention Fasting / Fasting Headache / Headache / Ramadan Headache 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 4 Completed Prevention Heterotopic Ossification (HO) 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 4 Completed Prevention Postoperative pain / Surgical Wounds 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Tablet Oral 30.000 mg Tablet Oral 60 MG Tablet, film coated Oral Tablet Oral 30 mg Tablet Oral 60.000 mg Tablet Oral 120.00 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 120.00 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 60.00 mg Tablet Oral 90 mg Tablet Oral 12000000 mg Tablet Oral 6000000 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 90.00 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 30 mg Tablet, delayed release Oral 60 mg Tablet, coated Oral 12000000 mg Tablet, coated Oral 9000000 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 30.00 mg Granule Oral Tablet, film coated Oral 90.000 mg Tablet Oral 120.000 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 120.0 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 60.0 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 90.0 mg Tablet Oral Tablet, film coated Oral 120.000 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 60.000 mg Tablet Oral 90.000 mg Tablet Oral 120 mg Tablet, coated Oral 120 mg Tablet, coated Oral 30 mg Tablet, coated Oral 60 mg Tablet, coated Oral 90 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 120 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 60 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 90 mg - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
- Not Available
- Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.00328 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 3.7 ALOGPS logP 2.79 Chemaxon logS -5 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 16.19 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 4.96 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 4 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 0 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 59.92 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 3 Chemaxon Refractivity 95.04 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 36.42 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 3 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter Yes Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9776 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.9399 Caco-2 permeable + 0.8866 P-glycoprotein substrate Non-substrate 0.845 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.7624 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.9869 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.8267 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.6702 CYP450 2D6 substrate Substrate 0.8918 CYP450 3A4 substrate Substrate 0.506 CYP450 1A2 substrate Inhibitor 0.6415 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.8528 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9268 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.9087 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.585 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity High CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.8848 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.7952 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.6856 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.9961 Rat acute toxicity 2.4100 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9934 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.8582
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Spectrum Spectrum Type Splash Key Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS Predicted GC-MS splash10-00c3-1195000000-a6512b3342a7ab34b539 Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-0a4i-0009000000-685534be84abd6a0a85b Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-0a4i-1009000000-250a7aa274e61edd57c0 Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-0a4i-0009000000-4ad88a3121dd54855ace Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-001i-9002000000-d9acda36343647c6af58 Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-016r-9041000000-90de5923fffbd42c331e Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-004i-7190000000-248e6bb9e96567f80abd Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum 1D NMR Not Applicable Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum 1D NMR Not Applicable - Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 189.0947714 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 183.64064 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 189.7591714 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 185.99867 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 189.7220714 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 192.76318 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
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Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock newinsights and accelerate drug research.
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Dual cyclooxygenase and peroxidase in the biosynthesis pathway of prostanoids, a class of C20 oxylipins mainly derived from arachidonate ((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate, AA, C20:4(n-6)), with a particular role in the inflammatory response (PubMed:11939906, PubMed:16373578, PubMed:19540099, PubMed:22942274, PubMed:26859324, PubMed:27226593, PubMed:7592599, PubMed:7947975, PubMed:9261177). The cyclooxygenase activity oxygenates AA to the hydroperoxy endoperoxide prostaglandin G2 (PGG2), and the peroxidase activity reduces PGG2 to the hydroxy endoperoxide prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), the precursor of all 2-series prostaglandins and thromboxanes (PubMed:16373578, PubMed:22942274, PubMed:26859324, PubMed:27226593, PubMed:7592599, PubMed:7947975, PubMed:9261177). This complex transformation is initiated by abstraction of hydrogen at carbon 13 (with S-stereochemistry), followed by insertion of molecular O2 to form the endoperoxide bridge between carbon 9 and 11 that defines prostaglandins. The insertion of a second molecule of O2 (bis-oxygenase activity) yields a hydroperoxy group in PGG2 that is then reduced to PGH2 by two electrons (PubMed:16373578, PubMed:22942274, PubMed:26859324, PubMed:27226593, PubMed:7592599, PubMed:7947975, PubMed:9261177). Similarly catalyzes successive cyclooxygenation and peroxidation of dihomo-gamma-linoleate (DGLA, C20:3(n-6)) and eicosapentaenoate (EPA, C20:5(n-3)) to corresponding PGH1 and PGH3, the precursors of 1- and 3-series prostaglandins (PubMed:11939906, PubMed:19540099). In an alternative pathway of prostanoid biosynthesis, converts 2-arachidonoyl lysophopholipids to prostanoid lysophopholipids, which are then hydrolyzed by intracellular phospholipases to release free prostanoids (PubMed:27642067). Metabolizes 2-arachidonoyl glycerol yielding the glyceryl ester of PGH2, a process that can contribute to pain response (PubMed:22942274). Generates lipid mediators from n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) via a lipoxygenase-type mechanism. Oxygenates PUFAs to hydroperoxy compounds and then reduces them to corresponding alcohols (PubMed:11034610, PubMed:11192938, PubMed:9048568, PubMed:9261177). Plays a role in the generation of resolution phase interaction products (resolvins) during both sterile and infectious inflammation (PubMed:12391014). Metabolizes docosahexaenoate (DHA, C22:6(n-3)) to 17R-HDHA, a precursor of the D-series resolvins (RvDs) (PubMed:12391014). As a component of the biosynthetic pathway of E-series resolvins (RvEs), converts eicosapentaenoate (EPA, C20:5(n-3)) primarily to 18S-HEPE that is further metabolized by ALOX5 and LTA4H to generate 18S-RvE1 and 18S-RvE2 (PubMed:21206090). In vascular endothelial cells, converts docosapentaenoate (DPA, C22:5(n-3)) to 13R-HDPA, a precursor for 13-series resolvins (RvTs) shown to activate macrophage phagocytosis during bacterial infection (PubMed:26236990). In activated leukocytes, contributes to oxygenation of hydroxyeicosatetraenoates (HETE) to diHETES (5,15-diHETE and 5,11-diHETE) (PubMed:22068350, PubMed:26282205). Can also use linoleate (LA, (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate, C18:2(n-6)) as substrate and produce hydroxyoctadecadienoates (HODEs) in a regio- and stereospecific manner, being (9R)-HODE ((9R)-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate) and (13S)-HODE ((13S)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate) its major products (By similarity). During neuroinflammation, plays a role in neuronal secretion of specialized preresolving mediators (SPMs) 15R-lipoxin A4 that regulates phagocytic microglia (By similarity)
- Specific Function
- Enzyme binding
- Gene Name
- PTGS2
- Uniprot ID
- P35354
- Uniprot Name
- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2
- Molecular Weight
- 68995.625 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
- Capone ML, Tacconelli S, Di Francesco L, Sacchetti A, Sciulli MG, Patrignani P: Pharmacodynamic of cyclooxygenase inhibitors in humans. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2007 Jan;82(1-4):85-94. Epub 2006 Jul 3. [Article]
- FitzGerald GA: COX-2 in play at the AHA and the FDA. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2007 Jul;28(7):303-7. Epub 2007 Jun 18. [Article]
- Yuan Y, Hunt RH: Global gastrointestinal safety profile of etoricoxib and lumiracoxib. Curr Pharm Des. 2007;13(22):2237-47. [Article]
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
- Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Yu X, Shen X, Zhou Y, Wang S, Qiu Y, Chen Y, Zhu F: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database describing target druggability information. Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 5;52(D1):D1465-D1477. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkad751. [Article]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- Curator comments
- Data based on findings of in vitro studies.
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids and steroids (PubMed:12865317, PubMed:15766564, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:21576599, PubMed:7574697, PubMed:9435160, PubMed:9866708). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:12865317, PubMed:15766564, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:21576599, PubMed:7574697, PubMed:9435160, PubMed:9866708). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:15766564, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:7574697, PubMed:9866708). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Metabolizes cholesterol toward 25-hydroxycholesterol, a physiological regulator of cellular cholesterol homeostasis (PubMed:21576599). Exhibits low catalytic activity for the formation of catechol estrogens from 17beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2 (PubMed:12865317). Catalyzes bisallylic hydroxylation and hydroxylation with double-bond migration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:9435160, PubMed:9866708). Also metabolizes plant monoterpenes such as limonene. Oxygenates (R)- and (S)-limonene to produce carveol and perillyl alcohol (PubMed:11950794). Contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S-warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan (PubMed:25994031)
- Specific Function
- (r)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP2C9
- Uniprot ID
- P11712
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C9
- Molecular Weight
- 55627.365 Da
References
- Kassahun K, McIntosh IS, Shou M, Walsh DJ, Rodeheffer C, Slaughter DE, Geer LA, Halpin RA, Agrawal N, Rodrigues AD: Role of human liver cytochrome P4503A in the metabolism of etoricoxib, a novel cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Jun;29(6):813-20. [Article]
- Etoricoxib FDA label [File]
- EMA Etoricoxib Assessment [File]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of fatty acids, steroids and retinoids (PubMed:18698000, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997, PubMed:21289075, PubMed:21576599). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:18698000, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997, PubMed:21289075, PubMed:21576599). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997). Metabolizes endocannabinoid arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) to 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid ethanolamide (20-HETE-EA) and 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid ethanolamides (EpETrE-EAs), potentially modulating endocannabinoid system signaling (PubMed:18698000, PubMed:21289075). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Metabolizes cholesterol toward 25-hydroxycholesterol, a physiological regulator of cellular cholesterol homeostasis (PubMed:21576599). Catalyzes the oxidative transformations of all-trans retinol to all-trans retinal, a precursor for the active form all-trans-retinoic acid (PubMed:10681376). Also involved in the oxidative metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic antidepressants
- Specific Function
- Anandamide 11,12 epoxidase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP2D6
- Uniprot ID
- P10635
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2D6
- Molecular Weight
- 55768.94 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
- Lin LY, Di Stefano EW, Schmitz DA, Hsu L, Ellis SW, Lennard MS, Tucker GT, Cho AK: Oxidation of methamphetamine and methylenedioxymethamphetamine by CYP2D6. Drug Metab Dispos. 1997 Sep;25(9):1059-64. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:9435160). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:9435160). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds (PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317). Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2 (PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317). Metabolizes cholesterol toward 25-hydroxycholesterol, a physiological regulator of cellular cholesterol homeostasis (PubMed:21576599). May act as a major enzyme for all-trans retinoic acid biosynthesis in the liver. Catalyzes two successive oxidative transformation of all-trans retinol to all-trans retinal and then to the active form all-trans retinoic acid (PubMed:10681376). Primarily catalyzes stereoselective epoxidation of the last double bond of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), displaying a strong preference for the (R,S) stereoisomer (PubMed:19965576). Catalyzes bisallylic hydroxylation and omega-1 hydroxylation of PUFA (PubMed:9435160). May also participate in eicosanoids metabolism by converting hydroperoxide species into oxo metabolites (lipoxygenase-like reaction, NADPH-independent) (PubMed:21068195). Plays a role in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. Catalyzes the N-hydroxylation of heterocyclic amines and the O-deethylation of phenacetin (PubMed:14725854). Metabolizes caffeine via N3-demethylation (Probable)
- Specific Function
- Aromatase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP1A2
- Uniprot ID
- P05177
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 1A2
- Molecular Weight
- 58406.915 Da
References
- Kassahun K, McIntosh IS, Shou M, Walsh DJ, Rodeheffer C, Slaughter DE, Geer LA, Halpin RA, Agrawal N, Rodrigues AD: Role of human liver cytochrome P4503A in the metabolism of etoricoxib, a novel cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Jun;29(6):813-20. [Article]
- Etoricoxib FDA label [File]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:18577768, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:18577768, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Hydroxylates PUFA specifically at the omega-1 position (PubMed:18577768). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of PUFA (PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997). Also metabolizes plant monoterpenes such as limonene. Oxygenates (R)- and (S)-limonene to produce carveol and perillyl alcohol (PubMed:11950794). Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and imipramine. Hydroxylates fenbendazole at the 4' position (PubMed:23959307)
- Specific Function
- (r)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP2C19
- Uniprot ID
- P33261
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C19
- Molecular Weight
- 55944.565 Da
References
- Kassahun K, McIntosh IS, Shou M, Walsh DJ, Rodeheffer C, Slaughter DE, Geer LA, Halpin RA, Agrawal N, Rodrigues AD: Role of human liver cytochrome P4503A in the metabolism of etoricoxib, a novel cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Jun;29(6):813-20. [Article]
- Medhi B, Sukhija M, Prakash A, Gaikwad S, Bansal V, Pandhi P: Effects of etoricoxib on the pharmacokinetics of phenytoin. Pharmacol Rep. 2008 Mar-Apr;60(2):233-7. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of fatty acids (PubMed:10553002, PubMed:18577768). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:10553002, PubMed:18577768). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Hydroxylates fatty acids specifically at the omega-1 position displaying the highest catalytic activity for saturated fatty acids (PubMed:10553002, PubMed:18577768). May be involved in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics (Probable)
- Specific Function
- 4-nitrophenol 2-monooxygenase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP2E1
- Uniprot ID
- P05181
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2E1
- Molecular Weight
- 56848.42 Da
References
- Kassahun K, McIntosh IS, Shou M, Walsh DJ, Rodeheffer C, Slaughter DE, Geer LA, Halpin RA, Agrawal N, Rodrigues AD: Role of human liver cytochrome P4503A in the metabolism of etoricoxib, a novel cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Jun;29(6):813-20. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of sterols, steroid hormones, retinoids and fatty acids (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11093772, PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20702771, PubMed:21490593, PubMed:21576599). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds (PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:21490593, PubMed:21576599, PubMed:2732228). Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2, as well as D-ring hydroxylated E1 and E2 at the C-16 position (PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847). Plays a role in the metabolism of androgens, particularly in oxidative deactivation of testosterone (PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:22773874, PubMed:2732228). Metabolizes testosterone to less biologically active 2beta- and 6beta-hydroxytestosterones (PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:2732228). Contributes to the formation of hydroxycholesterols (oxysterols), particularly A-ring hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-4beta position, and side chain hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-25 position, likely contributing to cholesterol degradation and bile acid biosynthesis (PubMed:21576599). Catalyzes bisallylic hydroxylation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:9435160). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of PUFA with a preference for the last double bond (PubMed:19965576). Metabolizes endocannabinoid arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) to 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid ethanolamides (EpETrE-EAs), potentially modulating endocannabinoid system signaling (PubMed:20702771). Plays a role in the metabolism of retinoids. Displays high catalytic activity for oxidation of all-trans-retinol to all-trans-retinal, a rate-limiting step for the biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) (PubMed:10681376). Further metabolizes atRA toward 4-hydroxyretinoate and may play a role in hepatic atRA clearance (PubMed:11093772). Responsible for oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. Acts as a 2-exo-monooxygenase for plant lipid 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) (PubMed:11159812). Metabolizes the majority of the administered drugs. Catalyzes sulfoxidation of the anthelmintics albendazole and fenbendazole (PubMed:10759686). Hydroxylates antimalarial drug quinine (PubMed:8968357). Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase (PubMed:11695850). Also involved in vitamin D catabolism and calcium homeostasis. Catalyzes the inactivation of the active hormone calcitriol (1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)) (PubMed:29461981)
- Specific Function
- 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID
- P08684
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A4
- Molecular Weight
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Takemoto JK, Reynolds JK, Remsberg CM, Vega-Villa KR, Davies NM: Clinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of etoricoxib. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2008;47(11):703-20. [Article]
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
Drug created at August 30, 2007 15:49 / Updated at May 05, 2021 20:30