sqlite/src/printf.c at master · sysfce2/sqlite

1520 lines (1452 loc) · 46.6 KB
** The "printf" code that follows dates from the 1980's.  It is in
** the public domain. 
**************************************************************************
** This file contains code for a set of "printf"-like routines.  These
** routines format strings much like the printf() from the standard C
** library, though the implementation here has enhancements to support
#include "sqliteInt.h"
** Conversion types fall into various categories as defined by the
** following enumeration.
#define etRADIX       0 /* non-decimal integer types.  %x %o */
#define etFLOAT       1 /* Floating point.  %f */
#define etEXP         2 /* Exponentional notation. %e and %E */
#define etGENERIC     3 /* Floating or exponential, depending on exponent. %g */
#define etSIZE        4 /* Return number of characters processed so far. %n */
#define etSTRING      5 /* Strings. %s */
#define etDYNSTRING   6 /* Dynamically allocated strings. %z */
#define etPERCENT     7 /* Percent symbol. %% */
#define etCHARX       8 /* Characters. %c */
/* The rest are extensions, not normally found in printf() */
#define etESCAPE_q    9  /* Strings with '\'' doubled.  %q */
#define etESCAPE_Q    10 /* Strings with '\'' doubled and enclosed in '',
                            NULL pointers replaced by SQL NULL.  %Q */
#define etTOKEN       11 /* a pointer to a Token structure */
#define etSRCITEM     12 /* a pointer to a SrcItem */
#define etPOINTER     13 /* The %p conversion */
#define etESCAPE_w    14 /* %w -> Strings with '\"' doubled */
#define etORDINAL     15 /* %r -> 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, etc.  English only */
#define etDECIMAL     16 /* %d or %u, but not %x, %o */
#define etINVALID     17 /* Any unrecognized conversion type */
** An "etByte" is an 8-bit unsigned value.
typedef unsigned char etByte;
** Each builtin conversion character (ex: the 'd' in "%d") is described
** by an instance of the following structure
typedef struct et_info {   /* Information about each format field */
  char fmttype;            /* The format field code letter */
  etByte base;             /* The base for radix conversion */
  etByte flags;            /* One or more of FLAG_ constants below */
  etByte type;             /* Conversion paradigm */
  etByte charset;    
8000
      /* Offset into aDigits[] of the digits string */
  etByte prefix;           /* Offset into aPrefix[] of the prefix string */
** Allowed values for et_info.flags
#define FLAG_SIGNED    1     /* True if the value to convert is signed */
#define FLAG_STRING    4     /* Allow infinite precision */
** The following table is searched linearly, so it is good to put the
** most frequently used conversion types first.
static const char aDigits[] = "0123456789ABCDEF0123456789abcdef";
static const char aPrefix[] = "-x0\000X0";
static const et_info fmtinfo[] = {
  {  'd', 10, 1, etDECIMAL,    0,  0 },
  {  's',  0, 4, etSTRING,     0,  0 },
  {  'g',  0, 1, etGENERIC,    30, 0 },
  {  'z',  0, 4, etDYNSTRING,  0,  0 },
  {  'q',  0, 4, etESCAPE_q,   0,  0 },
  {  'Q',  0, 4, etESCAPE_Q,   0,  0 },
  {  'w',  0, 4, etESCAPE_w,   0,  0 },
  {  'c',  0, 0, etCHARX,      0,  0 },
  {  'o',  8, 0, etRADIX,      0,  2 },
  {  'u', 10, 0, etDECIMAL,    0,  0 },
  {  'x', 16, 0, etRADIX,      16, 1 },
  {  'X', 16, 0, etRADIX,      0,  4 },
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
  {  'f',  0, 1, etFLOAT,      0,  0 },
  {  'e',  0, 1, etEXP,        30, 0 },
  {  'E',  0, 1, etEXP,        14, 0 },
  {  'G',  0, 1, etGENERIC,    14, 0 },
  {  'i', 10, 1, etDECIMAL,    0,  0 },
  {  'n',  0, 0, etSIZE,       0,  0 },
  {  '%',  0, 0, etPERCENT,    0,  0 },
  {  'p', 16, 0, etPOINTER,    0,  1 },
  /* All the rest are undocumented and are for internal use only */
  {  'T',  0, 0, etTOKEN,      0,  0 },
  {  'S',  0, 0, etSRCITEM,    0,  0 },
  {  'r', 10, 1, etORDINAL,    0,  0 },
**    %S    Takes a pointer to SrcItem.  Shows name or database.name
**    %!S   Like %S but prefer the zName over the zAlias
** Set the StrAccum object to an error mode.
void sqlite3StrAccumSetError(StrAccum *p, u8 eError){
  assert( eError==SQLITE_NOMEM || eError==SQLITE_TOOBIG );
  p->accError = eError;
  if( p->mxAlloc ) sqlite3_str_reset(p);
  if( eError==SQLITE_TOOBIG ) sqlite3ErrorToParser(p->db, eError);
** Extra argument values from a PrintfArguments object
static sqlite3_int64 getIntArg(PrintfArguments *p){
  if( p->nArg<=p->nUsed ) return 0;
  return sqlite3_value_int64(p->apArg[p->nUsed++]);
static double getDoubleArg(PrintfArguments *p){
  if( p->nArg<=p->nUsed ) return 0.0;
  return sqlite3_value_double(p->apArg[p->nUsed++]);
static char *getTextArg(PrintfArguments *p){
  if( p->nArg<=p->nUsed ) return 0;
  return (char*)sqlite3_value_text(p->apArg[p->nUsed++]);
** Allocate memory for a temporary buffer needed for printf rendering.
** If the requested size of the temp buffer is larger than the size
** of the output buffer in pAccum, then cause an SQLITE_TOOBIG error.
** Do the size check before the memory allocation to prevent rogue
** SQL from requesting large allocations using the precision or width
** field of the printf() function.
static char *printfTempBuf(sqlite3_str *pAccum, sqlite3_int64 n){
  if( pAccum->accError ) return 0;
  if( n>pAccum->nAlloc && n>pAccum->mxAlloc ){
    sqlite3StrAccumSetError(pAccum, SQLITE_TOOBIG);
    return 0;
  z = sqlite3DbMallocRaw(pAccum->db, n);
  if( z==0 ){
    sqlite3StrAccumSetError(pAccum, SQLITE_NOMEM);
  return z;
** On machines with a small stack size, you can redefine the
** SQLITE_PRINT_BUF_SIZE to be something smaller, if desired.
#ifndef SQLITE_PRINT_BUF_SIZE
# define SQLITE_PRINT_BUF_SIZE 70
#define etBUFSIZE SQLITE_PRINT_BUF_SIZE  /* Size of the output buffer */
** Hard limit on the precision of floating-point conversions.
#ifndef SQLITE_PRINTF_PRECISION_LIMIT
# define SQLITE_FP_PRECISION_LIMIT 100000000
** Render a string given by "fmt" into the StrAccum object.
void sqlite3_str_vappendf(
  sqlite3_str *pAccum,       /* Accumulate results here */
  const char *fmt,           /* Format string */
  va_list ap                 /* arguments */
  int c;                     /* Next character in the format string */
  char *bufpt;               /* Pointer to the conversion buffer */
  int precision;             /* Precision of the current field */
  int length;                /* Length of the field */
  int idx;                   /* A general purpose loop counter */
  int width;                 /* Width of the current field */
  etByte flag_leftjustify;   /* True if "-" flag is present */
  etByte flag_prefix;        /* '+' or ' ' or 0 for prefix */
  etByte flag_alternateform; /* True if "#" flag is present */
  etByte flag_altform2;      /* True if "!" flag is present */
  etByte flag_zeropad;       /* True if field width constant starts with zero */
  etByte flag_long;          /* 1 for the "l" flag, 2 for "ll", 0 by default */
  etByte done;               /* Loop termination flag */
  etByte cThousand;          /* Thousands separator for %d and %u */
  etByte xtype = etINVALID;  /* Conversion paradigm */
  u8 bArgList;               /* True for SQLITE_PRINTF_SQLFUNC */
  char prefix;               /* Prefix character.  "+" or "-" or " " or '\0'. */
  sqlite_uint64 longvalue;   /* Value for integer types */
  double realvalue;          /* Value for real types */
  const et_info *infop;      /* Pointer to the appropriate info structure */
  char *zOut;                /* Rendering buffer */
  int nOut;                  /* Size of the rendering buffer */
  char *zExtra = 0;          /* Malloced memory used by some conversion */
  int exp, e2;               /* exponent of real numbers */
  etByte flag_dp;            /* True if decimal point should be shown */
  etByte flag_rtz;           /* True if trailing zeros should be removed */
  PrintfArguments *pArgList = 0; /* Arguments for SQLITE_PRINTF_SQLFUNC */
  char buf[etBUFSIZE];       /* Conversion buffer */
  /* pAccum never starts out with an empty buffer that was obtained from 
  ** malloc().  This precondition is required by the mprintf("%z...")
  ** optimization. */
  assert( pAccum->nChar>0 || (pAccum->printfFlags&SQLITE_PRINTF_MALLOCED)==0 );
  bufpt = 0;
  if( (pAccum->printfFlags & SQLITE_PRINTF_SQLFUNC)!=0 ){
    pArgList = va_arg(ap, PrintfArguments*);
    bArgList = 1;
    bArgList = 0;
  for(; (c=(*fmt))!=0; ++fmt){
    if( c!='%' ){
      bufpt = (char *)fmt;
#if HAVE_STRCHRNUL
      fmt = strchrnul(fmt, '%');
      do{ fmt++; }while( *fmt && *fmt != '%' );
      sqlite3_str_append(pAccum, bufpt, (int)(fmt - bufpt));
      if( *fmt==0 ) break;
    if( (c=(*++fmt))==0 ){
      sqlite3_str_append(pAccum, "%", 1);
      break;
    /* Find out what flags are present */
    flag_leftjustify = flag_prefix = cThousand =
     flag_alternateform = flag_altform2 = flag_zeropad = 0;
    done = 0;
    width = 0;
    flag_long = 0;
    precision = -1;
      switch( c ){
        case '-':   flag_leftjustify = 1;     break;
        case '+':   flag_prefix = '+';        break;
        case ' ':   flag_prefix = ' ';        break;
        case '#':   flag_alternateform = 1;   break;
        case '!':   flag_altform2 = 1;        break;
        case '0':   flag_zeropad = 1;         break;
        case ',':   cThousand = ',';          break;
        default:    done = 1;                 break;
        case 'l': {
          flag_long = 1;
          c = *++fmt;
          if( c=='l' ){
            c = *++fmt;
            flag_long = 2;
          done = 1;
          break;
        case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5':
        case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': {
          unsigned wx = c - '0';
          while( (c = *++fmt)>='0' && c<='9' ){
            wx = wx*10 + c - '0';
          testcase( wx>0x7fffffff );
          width = wx & 0x7fffffff;
#ifdef SQLITE_PRINTF_PRECISION_LIMIT
          if( width>SQLITE_PRINTF_PRECISION_LIMIT ){
            width = SQLITE_PRINTF_PRECISION_LIMIT;
          if( c!='.' && c!='l' ){
            done = 1;
          }else{
            fmt--;
          break;
        case '*': {
          if( bArgList ){
            width = (int)getIntArg(pArgList);
          }else{
            width = va_arg(ap,int);
          if( width<0 ){
            flag_leftjustify = 1;
            width = width >= -2147483647 ? -width : 0;
#ifdef SQLITE_PRINTF_PRECISION_LIMIT
          if( width>SQLITE_PRINTF_PRECISION_LIMIT ){
            width = SQLITE_PRINTF_PRECISION_LIMIT;
          if( (c = fmt[1])!='.' && c!='l' ){
            c = *++fmt;
            done = 1;
          break;
        case '.': {
          c = *++fmt;
          if( c=='*' ){
            if( bArgList ){
              precision = (int)getIntArg(pArgList);
            }else{
              precision = va_arg(ap,int);
            if( precision<0 ){
              precision = precision >= -2147483647 ? -precision : -1;
            c = *++fmt;
          }else{
            unsigned px = 0;
            while( c>='0' && c<='9' ){
              px = px*10 + c - '0';
              c = *++fmt;
            testcase( px>0x7fffffff );
            precision = px & 0x7fffffff;
#ifdef SQLITE_PRINTF_PRECISION_LIMIT
          if( precision>SQLITE_PRINTF_PRECISION_LIMIT ){
            precision = SQLITE_PRINTF_PRECISION_LIMIT;
          if( c=='l' ){
            --fmt;
          }else{
            done = 1;
          break;
    }while( !done && (c=(*++fmt))!=0 );
    /* Fetch the info entry for the field */
    infop = &fmtinfo[0];
    xtype = etINVALID;
    for(idx=0; idx<ArraySize(fmtinfo); idx++){
      if( c==fmtinfo[idx].fmttype ){
        infop = &fmtinfo[idx];
        xtype = infop->type;
        break;
    ** At this point, variables are initialized as follows:
    **   flag_alternateform          TRUE if a '#' is present.
    **   flag_altform2               TRUE if a '!' is present.
    **   flag_prefix                 '+' or ' ' or zero
    **   flag_leftjustify            TRUE if a '-' is present or if the
    **                               field width was negative.
    **   flag_zeropad                TRUE if the width began with 0.
    **   flag_long                   1 for "l", 2 for "ll"
    **   width                       The specified field width.  This is
    **                               always non-negative.  Zero is the default.
    **   precision                   The specified precision.  The default
    **   xtype                       The class of the conversion.
    **   infop                       Pointer to the appropriate info struct.
    assert( width>=0 );
    assert( precision>=(-1) );
    switch( xtype ){
      case etPOINTER:
        flag_long = sizeof(char*)==sizeof(i64) ? 2 :
                     sizeof(char*)==sizeof(long int) ? 1 : 0;
        /* no break */ deliberate_fall_through
      case etORDINAL:
      case etRADIX:      
        cThousand = 0;
        /* no break */ deliberate_fall_through
      case etDECIMAL:
        if( infop->flags & FLAG_SIGNED ){
          if( bArgList ){
            v = getIntArg(pArgList);
          }else if( flag_long ){
            if( flag_long==2 ){
              v = va_arg(ap,i64) ;
            }else{
              v = va_arg(ap,long int);
          }else{
            v = va_arg(ap,int);
          if( v<0 ){
            testcase( v==SMALLEST_INT64 );
            testcase( v==(-1) );
            longvalue = ~v;
            longvalue++;
            prefix = '-';
          }else{
            longvalue = v;
            prefix = flag_prefix;
        }else{
          if( bArgList ){
            longvalue = (u64)getIntArg(pArgList);
          }else if( flag_long ){
            if( flag_long==2 ){
              longvalue = va_arg(ap,u64);
            }else{
              longvalue = va_arg(ap,unsigned long int);
          }else{
            longvalue = va_arg(ap,unsigned int);
          prefix = 0;
#if WHERETRACE_ENABLED
        if( xtype==etPOINTER && sqlite3WhereTrace & 0x100000 ) longvalue = 0;
#if TREETRACE_ENABLED
        if( xtype==etPOINTER && sqlite3TreeTrace & 0x100000 ) longvalue = 0;
        if( longvalue==0 ) flag_alternateform = 0;
        if( flag_zeropad && precision<width-(prefix!=0) ){
          precision = width-(prefix!=0);
        if( precision<etBUFSIZE-10-etBUFSIZE/3 ){
          nOut = etBUFSIZE;
          zOut = buf;
        }else{
          n = (u64)precision + 10;
          if( cThousand ) n += precision/3;
          zOut = zExtra = printfTempBuf(pAccum, n);
          if( zOut==0 ) return;
          nOut = (int)n;
        bufpt = &zOut[nOut-1];
        if( xtype==etORDINAL ){
          static const char zOrd[] = "thstndrd";
          int x = (int)(longvalue % 10);
          if( x>=4 || (longvalue/10)%10==1 ){
          *(--bufpt) = zOrd[x*2+1];
          *(--bufpt) = zOrd[x*2];
          const char *cset = &aDigits[infop->charset];
          u8 base = infop->base;
          do{                                           /* Convert to ascii */
            *(--bufpt) = cset[longvalue%base];
            longvalue = longvalue/base;
          }while( longvalue>0 );
        length = (int)(&zOut[nOut-1]-bufpt);
        while( precision>length ){
          *(--bufpt) = '0';                             /* Zero pad */
          length++;
        if( cThousand ){
          int nn = (length - 1)/3;  /* Number of "," to insert */
          int ix = (length - 1)%3 + 1;
          bufpt -= nn;
          for(idx=0; nn>0; idx++){
            bufpt[idx] = bufpt[idx+nn];
            ix--;
            if( ix==0 ){
              bufpt[++idx] = cThousand;
              nn--;
        if( prefix ) *(--bufpt) = prefix;               /* Add sign */
        if( flag_alternateform && infop->prefix ){      /* Add "0" or "0x" */
          const char *pre;
          char x;
          pre = &aPrefix[infop->prefix];
          for(; (x=(*pre))!=0; pre++) *(--bufpt) = x;
        length = (int)(&zOut[nOut-1]-bufpt);
        break;
      case etFLOAT:
      case etEXP:
      case etGENERIC: {
        FpDecode s;
        int iRound;
        int j;
        if( bArgList ){
          realvalue = getDoubleArg(pArgList);
        }else{
          realvalue = va_arg(ap,double);
        if( precision<0 ) precision = 6;         /* Set default precision */
#ifdef SQLITE_FP_PRECISION_LIMIT
        if( precision>SQLITE_FP_PRECISION_LIMIT ){
          precision = SQLITE_FP_PRECISION_LIMIT;
        if( xtype==etFLOAT ){
          iRound = -precision;
        }else if( xtype==etGENERIC ){
          if( precision==0 ) precision = 1;
          iRound = precision;
        }else{
          iRound = precision+1;
        sqlite3FpDecode(&s, realvalue, iRound, flag_altform2 ? 26 : 16);
        if( s.isSpecial ){
          if( s.isSpecial==2 ){
            bufpt = flag_zeropad ? "null" : "NaN";
            length = sqlite3Strlen30(bufpt);
            break;
          }else if( flag_zeropad ){
            s.z[0] = '9';
            s.iDP = 1000;
            s.n = 1;
          }else{
            memcpy(buf, "-Inf", 5);
            bufpt = buf;
            if( s.sign=='-' ){
              /* no-op */
            }else if( flag_prefix ){
              buf[0] = flag_prefix;
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B94A
/div>
            }else{
              bufpt++;
            length = sqlite3Strlen30(bufpt);
            break;
        if( s.sign=='-' ){
          if( flag_alternateform
           && !flag_prefix
           && xtype==etFLOAT
           && s.iDP<=iRound
            /* Suppress the minus sign if all of the following are true:
            **   *  The value displayed is zero
            **   *  The '#' flag is used
            **   *  The '+' flag is not used, and
            **   *  The format is %f
            prefix = 0;
          }else{
            prefix = '-';
        }else{
          prefix = flag_prefix;
        exp = s.iDP-1;
        ** If the field type is etGENERIC, then convert to either etEXP
        ** or etFLOAT, as appropriate.
        if( xtype==etGENERIC ){
          assert( precision>0 );
          precision--;
          flag_rtz = !flag_alternateform;
          if( exp<-4 || exp>precision ){
            xtype = etEXP;
          }else{
            precision = precision - exp;
            xtype = etFLOAT;
        }else{
          flag_rtz = flag_altform2;
        if( xtype==etEXP ){
        }else{
          e2 = s.iDP - 1;
        bufpt = buf;
          i64 szBufNeeded;           /* Size of a temporary buffer needed */
          szBufNeeded = MAX(e2,0)+(i64)precision+(i64)width+15;
          if( cThousand && e2>0 ) szBufNeeded += (e2+2)/3;
          if( szBufNeeded > etBUFSIZE ){
            bufpt = zExtra = printfTempBuf(pAccum, szBufNeeded);
            if( bufpt==0 ) return;
        zOut = bufpt;
        flag_dp = (precision>0 ?1:0) | flag_alternateform | flag_altform2;
        /* The sign in front of the number */
        if( prefix ){
          *(bufpt++) = prefix;
        /* Digits prior to the decimal point */
        j = 0;
        if( e2<0 ){
          *(bufpt++) = '0';
        }else{
          for(; e2>=0; e2--){
            *(bufpt++) = j<s.n ? s.z[j++] : '0';
            if( cThousand && (e2%3)==0 && e2>1 ) *(bufpt++) = ',';
        /* The decimal point */
        if( flag_dp ){
          *(bufpt++) = '.';
        /* "0" digits after the decimal point but before the first
        ** significant digit of the number */
        for(e2++; e2<0 && precision>0; precision--, e2++){
          *(bufpt++) = '0';
        /* Significant digits after the decimal point */
        while( (precision--)>0 ){
          *(bufpt++) = j<s.n ? s.z[j++] : '0';
        /* Remove trailing zeros and the "." if no digits follow the "." */
        if( flag_rtz && flag_dp ){
          while( bufpt[-1]=='0' ) *(--bufpt) = 0;
          assert( bufpt>zOut );
          if( bufpt[-1]=='.' ){
            if( flag_altform2 ){
              *(bufpt++) = '0';
            }else{
              *(--bufpt) = 0;
        /* Add the "eNNN" suffix */
        if( xtype==etEXP ){
          exp = s.iDP - 1;
          *(bufpt++) = aDigits[infop->charset];
          if( exp<0 ){
            *(bufpt++) = '-'; exp = -exp;
          }else{
            *(bufpt++) = '+';
          if( exp>=100 ){
            *(bufpt++) = (char)((exp/100)+'0');        /* 100's digit */
            exp %= 100;
          *(bufpt++) = (char)(exp/10+'0');             /* 10's digit */
          *(bufpt++) = (char)(exp%10+'0');             /* 1's digit */
        *bufpt = 0;
        /* The converted number is in buf[] and zero terminated. Output it.
        ** Note that the number is in the usual order, not reversed as with
        ** integer conversions. */
        length = (int)(bufpt-zOut);
        bufpt = zOut;
        /* Special case:  Add leading zeros if the flag_zeropad flag is
        ** set and we are not left justified */
        if( flag_zeropad && !flag_leftjustify && length < width){
          int i;
          int nPad = width - length;
          for(i=width; i>=nPad; i--){
            bufpt[i] = bufpt[i-nPad];
          i = prefix!=0;
          while( nPad-- ) bufpt[i++] = '0';
          length = width;
        break;
      case etSIZE:
        if( !bArgList ){
          *(va_arg(ap,int*)) = pAccum->nChar;
        length = width = 0;
        break;
      case etPERCENT:
        buf[0] = '%';
        bufpt = buf;
        length = 1;
        break;
      case etCHARX:
        if( bArgList ){
          bufpt = getTextArg(pArgList);
          length = 1;
          if( bufpt ){
            buf[0] = c = *(bufpt++);
            if( (c&0xc0)==0xc0 ){
              while( length<4 && (bufpt[0]&0xc0)==0x80 ){
                buf[length++] = *(bufpt++);
          }else{
            buf[0] = 0;
        }else{
          unsigned int ch = va_arg(ap,unsigned int);
          length = sqlite3AppendOneUtf8Character(buf, ch);
        if( precision>1 ){
          i64 nPrior = 1;
          width -= precision-1;
          if( width>1 && !flag_leftjustify ){
            sqlite3_str_appendchar(pAccum, width-1, ' ');
            width = 0;
          sqlite3_str_append(pAccum, buf, length);
          precision--;
          while( precision > 1 ){
            i64 nCopyBytes;
            if( nPrior > precision-1 ) nPrior = precision - 1;
            nCopyBytes = length*nPrior;
            if( nCopyBytes + pAccum->nChar >= pAccum->nAlloc ){
              sqlite3StrAccumEnlarge(pAccum, nCopyBytes);
            if(
5276
 pAccum->accError ) break;
            sqlite3_str_append(pAccum,
                 &pAccum->zText[pAccum->nChar-nCopyBytes], nCopyBytes);
            precision -= nPrior;
            nPrior *= 2;
        bufpt = buf;
        flag_altform2 = 1;
        goto adjust_width_for_utf8;
      case etSTRING:
      case etDYNSTRING:
        if( bArgList ){
          bufpt = getTextArg(pArgList);
          xtype = etSTRING;
        }else{
          bufpt = va_arg(ap,char*);
        if( bufpt==0 ){
          bufpt = "";
        }else if( xtype==etDYNSTRING ){
          if( pAccum->nChar==0
           && pAccum->mxAlloc
           && width==0
           && precision<0
           && pAccum->accError==0
            /* Special optimization for sqlite3_mprintf("%z..."):
            ** Extend an existing memory allocation rather than creating
            ** a new one. */
            assert( (pAccum->printfFlags&SQLITE_PRINTF_MALLOCED)==0 );
            pAccum->zText = bufpt;
            pAccum->nAlloc = sqlite3DbMallocSize(pAccum->db, bufpt);
            pAccum->nChar = 0x7fffffff & (int)strlen(bufpt);
            pAccum->printfFlags |= SQLITE_PRINTF_MALLOCED;
            length = 0;
            break;
          zExtra = bufpt;
        if( precision>=0 ){
          if( flag_altform2 ){
            /* Set length to the number of bytes needed in order to display
            ** precision characters */
            unsigned char *z = (unsigned char*)bufpt;
            while( precision-- > 0 && z[0] ){
              SQLITE_SKIP_UTF8(z);
            length = (int)(z - (unsigned char*)bufpt);
          }else{
            for(length=0; length<precision && bufpt[length]; length++){}
        }else{
          length = 0x7fffffff & (int)strlen(bufpt);
      adjust_width_for_utf8:
        if( flag_altform2 && width>0 ){
          /* Adjust width to account for extra bytes in UTF-8 characters */
          int ii = length - 1;
          while( ii>=0 ) if( (bufpt[ii--] & 0xc0)==0x80 ) width++;
        break;
      case etESCAPE_q:          /* %q: Escape ' characters */
      case etESCAPE_Q:          /* %Q: Escape ' and enclose in '...' */
      case etESCAPE_w: {        /* %w: Escape " characters */
        i64 i, j, k, n;
        int needQuote = 0;
        char ch;
        char *escarg;
        char q;
        if( bArgList ){
          escarg = getTextArg(pArgList);
        }else{
          escarg = va_arg(ap,char*);
        if( escarg==0 ){
          escarg = (xtype==etESCAPE_Q ? "NULL" : "(NULL)");
        }else if( xtype==etESCAPE_Q ){
          needQuote = 1;
        if( xtype==etESCAPE_w ){
          q = '"';
          flag_alternateform = 0;
        }else{
          q = '\'';
        /* For %q, %Q, and %w, the precision is the number of bytes (or
        ** characters if the ! flags is present) to use from the input.
        ** Because of the extra quoting characters inserted, the number
        ** of output characters may be larger than the precision.
        k = precision;
        for(i=n=0; k!=0 && (ch=escarg[i])!=0; i++, k--){
          if( ch==q )  n++;
          if( flag_altform2 && (ch&0xc0)==0xc0 ){
            while( (escarg[i+1]&0xc0)==0x80 ){ i++; }
        if( flag_alternateform ){
          /* For %#q, do unistr()-style backslash escapes for
          ** all control characters, and for backslash itself.
          ** For %#Q, do the same but only if there is at least
          ** one control character. */
          u32 nBack = 0;
          u32 nCtrl = 0;
          for(k=0; k<i; k++){
            if( escarg[k]=='\\' ){
              nBack++;
            }else if( ((u8*)escarg)[k]<=0x1f ){
              nCtrl++;
          if( nCtrl || xtype==etESCAPE_q ){
            n += nBack + 5*nCtrl;
            if( xtype==etESCAPE_Q ){
              needQuote = 2;
          }else{
            flag_alternateform = 0;
        n += i + 3;
        if( n>etBUFSIZE ){
          bufpt = zExtra = printfTempBuf(pAccum, n);
          if( bufpt==0 ) return;
        }else{
          bufpt = buf;
        j = 0;
        if( needQuote ){
          if( needQuote==2 ){
            memcpy(&bufpt[j], "unistr('", 8);
            j += 8;
          }else{
            bufpt[j++] = '\'';
        k = i;
        if( flag_alternateform ){
          for(i=0; i<k; i++){
            bufpt[j++] = ch = escarg[i];
            if( ch==q ){
              bufpt[j++] = ch;
            }else if( ch=='\\' ){
              bufpt[j++] = '\\';
            }else if( ((unsigned char)ch)<=0x1f ){
              bufpt[j-1] = '\\';
              bufpt[j++] = 'u';
              bufpt[j++] = '0';
              bufpt[j++] = '0';
              bufpt[j++] = ch>=0x10 ? '1' : '0';
              bufpt[j++] = "0123456789abcdef"[ch&0xf];
        }else{
          for(i=0; i<k; i++){
            bufpt[j++] = ch = escarg[i];
            if( ch==q ) bufpt[j++] = ch;
        if( needQuote ){
          bufpt[j++] = '\'';
          if( needQuote==2 ) bufpt[j++] = ')';
        bufpt[j] = 0;
        length = j;
        goto adjust_width_for_utf8;
      case etTOKEN: {
        if( (pAccum->printfFlags & SQLITE_PRINTF_INTERNAL)==0 ) return;
        if( flag_alternateform ){
          /* %#T means an Expr pointer that uses Expr.u.zToken */
          Expr *pExpr = va_arg(ap,Expr*);
          if( ALWAYS(pExpr) && ALWAYS(!ExprHasProperty(pExpr,EP_IntValue)) ){
            sqlite3_str_appendall(pAccum, (const char*)pExpr->u.zToken);
            sqlite3RecordErrorOffsetOfExpr(pAccum->db, pExpr);
        }else{
          /* %T means a Token pointer */
          Token *pToken = va_arg(ap, Token*);
          assert( bArgList==0 );
          if( pToken && pToken->n ){
            sqlite3_str_append(pAccum, (const char*)pToken->z, pToken->n);
            sqlite3RecordErrorByteOffset(pAccum->db, pToken->z);
        length = width = 0;
        break;
      case etSRCITEM: {
        SrcItem *pItem;
        if( (pAccum->printfFlags & SQLITE_PRINTF_INTERNAL)==0 ) return;
        pItem = va_arg(ap, SrcItem*);
        assert( bArgList==0 );
        if( pItem->zAlias && !flag_altform2 ){
          sqlite3_str_appendall(pAccum, pItem->zAlias);
        }else if( pItem->zName ){
          if( pItem->fg.fixedSchema==0
           && pItem->fg.isSubquery==0
           && pItem->u4.zDatabase!=0
            sqlite3_str_appendall(pAccum, pItem->u4.zDatabase);
            sqlite3_str_append(pAccum, ".", 1);
          sqlite3_str_appendall(pAccum, pItem->zName);
        }else if( pItem->zAlias ){
          sqlite3_str_appendall(pAccum, pItem->zAlias);
        }else if( ALWAYS(pItem->fg.isSubquery) ){/* Because of tag-20240424-1 */
          Select *pSel = pItem->u4.pSubq->pSelect;
          assert( pSel!=0 ); 
          if( pSel->selFlags & SF_NestedFrom ){
            sqlite3_str_appendf(pAccum, "(join-%u)", pSel->selId);
          }else if( pSel->selFlags & SF_MultiValue ){
            assert( !pItem->fg.isTabFunc && !pItem->fg.isIndexedBy );
            sqlite3_str_appendf(pAccum, "%u-ROW VALUES CLAUSE",
                                pItem->u1.nRow);
          }else{
            sqlite3_str_appendf(pAccum, "(subquery-%u)", pSel->selId);
        length = width = 0;
        break;
      default: {
        assert( xtype==etINVALID );
        return;
    }/* End switch over the format type */
    ** The text of the conversion is pointed to by "bufpt" and is
    ** "length" characters long.  The field width is "width".  Do
    ** the output.  Both length and width are in bytes, not characters,
    ** at this point.  If the "!" flag was present on string conversions
    ** indicating that width and precision should be expressed in characters,
    ** then the values have been translated prior to reaching this point.
    width -= length;
    if( width>0 ){
      if( !flag_leftjustify ) sqlite3_str_appendchar(pAccum, width, ' ');
      sqlite3_str_append(pAccum, bufpt, length);
      if( flag_leftjustify ) sqlite3_str_appendchar(pAccum, width, ' ');
      sqlite3_str_append(pAccum, bufpt, length);
    if( zExtra ){
      sqlite3DbFree(pAccum->db, zExtra);
      zExtra = 0;
  }/* End for loop over the format string */
} /* End of function */
** The z string points to the first character of a token that is
** associated with an error.  If db does not already have an error
** byte offset recorded, try to compute the error byte offset for
** z and set the error byte offset in db.
void sqlite3RecordErrorByteOffset(sqlite3 *db, const char *z){
  const Parse *pParse;
  const char *zText;
  const char *zEnd;
  assert( z!=0 );
  if( NEVER(db==0) ) return;
  if( db->errByteOffset!=(-2) ) return;
  pParse = db->pParse;
  if( NEVER(pParse==0) ) return;
  zText =pParse->zTail;
  if( NEVER(zText==0) ) return;
  zEnd = &zText[strlen(zText)];
  if( SQLITE_WITHIN(z,zText,zEnd) ){
    db->errByteOffset = (int)(z-zText);
** If pExpr has a byte offset for the start of a token, record that as
** as the error offset.
void sqlite3RecordErrorOffsetOfExpr(sqlite3 *db, const Expr *pExpr){
  while( pExpr
     && (ExprHasProperty(pExpr,EP_OuterON|EP_InnerON) || pExpr->w.iOfst<=0)
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