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ft2font.cpp
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677 lines (591 loc) · 22.2 KB
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/* -*- mode: c++; c-basic-offset: 4 -*- */
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdio>
#include <iterator>
#include <set>
#include <sstream>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include "ft2font.h"
#include "mplutils.h"
#ifndef M_PI
#define M_PI 3.14159265358979323846264338328
#endif
/**
To improve the hinting of the fonts, this code uses a hack
presented here:
http://agg.sourceforge.net/antigrain.com/research/font_rasterization/index.html
The idea is to limit the effect of hinting in the x-direction, while
preserving hinting in the y-direction. Since freetype does not
support this directly, the dpi in the x-direction is set higher than
in the y-direction, which affects the hinting grid. Then, a global
transform is placed on the font to shrink it back to the desired
size. While it is a bit surprising that the dpi setting affects
hinting, whereas the global transform does not, this is documented
behavior of FreeType, and therefore hopefully unlikely to change.
The FreeType 2 tutorial says:
NOTE: The transformation is applied to every glyph that is
loaded through FT_Load_Glyph and is completely independent of
any hinting process. This means that you won't get the same
results if you load a glyph at the size of 24 pixels, or a glyph
at the size at 12 pixels scaled by 2 through a transform,
because the hints will have been computed differently (except
you have disabled hints).
*/
FT_Library _ft2Library;
FT2Image::FT2Image(unsigned long width, unsigned long height)
: m_buffer((unsigned char *)calloc(width * height, 1)), m_width(width), m_height(height)
{
}
FT2Image::~FT2Image()
{
free(m_buffer);
}
void draw_bitmap(
py::array_t<uint8_t, py::array::c_style> im, FT_Bitmap *bitmap, FT_Int x, FT_Int y)
{
auto buf = im.mutable_data(0);
FT_Int
10000
image_width = (FT_Int)im.shape(1);
FT_Int image_height = (FT_Int)im.shape(0);
FT_Int char_width = bitmap->width;
FT_Int char_height = bitmap->rows;
FT_Int x1 = std::min(std::max(x, 0), image_width);
FT_Int y1 = std::min(std::max(y, 0), image_height);
FT_Int x2 = std::min(std::max(x + char_width, 0), image_width);
FT_Int y2 = std::min(std::max(y + char_height, 0), image_height);
FT_Int x_start = std::max(0, -x);
FT_Int y_offset = y1 - std::max(0, -y);
if (bitmap->pixel_mode == FT_PIXEL_MODE_GRAY) {
for (FT_Int i = y1; i < y2; ++i) {
unsigned char *dst = buf + (i * image_width + x1);
unsigned char *src = bitmap->buffer + (((i - y_offset) * bitmap->pitch) + x_start);
for (FT_Int j = x1; j < x2; ++j, ++dst, ++src)
*dst |= *src;
}
} else if (bitmap->pixel_mode == FT_PIXEL_MODE_MONO) {
for (FT_Int i = y1; i < y2; ++i) {
unsigned char *dst = buf + (i * image_width + x1);
unsigned char *src = bitmap->buffer + ((i - y_offset) * bitmap->pitch);
for (FT_Int j = x1; j < x2; ++j, ++dst) {
int x = (j - x1 + x_start);
int val = *(src + (x >> 3)) & (1 << (7 - (x & 0x7)));
*dst = val ? 255 : *dst;
}
}
} else {
throw std::runtime_error("Unknown pixel mode");
}
}
void
FT2Image::draw_rect_filled(unsigned long x0, unsigned long y0, unsigned long x1, unsigned long y1)
{
x0 = std::min(x0, m_width);
y0 = std::min(y0, m_height);
x1 = std::min(x1 + 1, m_width);
y1 = std::min(y1 + 1, m_height);
for (size_t j = y0; j < y1; j++) {
for (size_t i = x0; i < x1; i++) {
m_buffer[i + j * m_width] = 255;
}
}
}
// ft_outline_decomposer should be passed to FT_Outline_Decompose.
struct ft_outline_decomposer
{
std::vector<double> &vertices;
std::vector<unsigned char> &codes;
};
static int
ft_outline_move_to(FT_Vector const* to, void* user)
{
ft_outline_decomposer* d = reinterpret_cast<ft_outline_decomposer*>(user);
if (!d->vertices.empty()) {
// Appending CLOSEPOLY is important to make patheffects work.
d->vertices.push_back(0);
d->vertices.push_back(0);
d->codes.push_back(CLOSEPOLY);
}
d->vertices.push_back(to->x * (1. / 64.));
d->vertices.push_back(to->y * (1. / 64.));
d->codes.push_back(MOVETO);
return 0;
}
static int
ft_outline_line_to(FT_Vector const* to, void* user)
{
ft_outline_decomposer* d = reinterpret_cast<ft_outline_decomposer*>(user);
d->vertices.push_back(to->x * (1. / 64.));
d->vertices.push_back(to->y * (1. / 64.));
d->codes.push_back(LINETO);
return 0;
}
static int
ft_outline_conic_to(FT_Vector const* control, FT_Vector const* to, void* user)
{
ft_outline_decomposer* d = reinterpret_cast<ft_outline_decomposer*>(user);
d->vertices.push_back(control->x * (1. / 64.));
d->vertices.push_back(control->y * (1. / 64.));
d->vertices.push_back(to->x * (1. / 64.));
d->vertices.push_back(to->y * (1. / 64.));
d->codes.push_back(CURVE3);
d->codes.push_back(CURVE3);
return 0;
}
static int
ft_outline_cubic_to(
FT_Vector const* c1, FT_Vector const* c2, FT_Vector const* to, void* user)
{
ft_outline_decomposer* d = reinterpret_cast<ft_outline_decomposer*>(user);
d->vertices.push_back(c1->x * (1. / 64.));
d->vertices.push_back(c1->y * (1. / 64.));
d->vertices.push_back(c2->x * (1. / 64.));
d->vertices.push_back(c2->y * (1. / 64.));
d->vertices.push_back(to->x * (1. / 64.));
d->vertices.push_back(to->y * (1. / 64.));
d->codes.push_back(CURVE4);
d->codes.push_back(CURVE4);
d->codes.push_back(CURVE4);
return 0;
}
static FT_Outline_Funcs ft_outline_funcs = {
ft_outline_move_to,
ft_outline_line_to,
ft_outline_conic_to,
ft_outline_cubic_to};
void
FT2Font::get_path(std::vector<double> &vertices, std::vector<unsigned char> &codes)
{
if (!face->glyph) {
throw std::runtime_error("No glyph loaded");
}
ft_outline_decomposer decomposer = {
vertices,
codes,
};
// We can make a close-enough estimate based on number of points and number of
// contours (which produce a MOVETO each), though it's slightly underestimating due
// to higher-order curves.
size_t estimated_points = static_cast<size_t>(face->glyph->outline.n_contours) +
static_cast<size_t>(face->glyph->outline.n_points);
vertices.reserve(2 * estimated_points);
codes.reserve(estimated_points);
if (FT_Error error = FT_Outline_Decompose(
&face->glyph->outline, &ft_outline_funcs, &decomposer)) {
throw std::runtime_error("FT_Outline_Decompose failed with error " +
std::to_string(error));
}
if (vertices.empty()) { // Don't append CLOSEPOLY to null glyphs.
return;
}
vertices.push_back(0);
vertices.push_back(0);
codes.push_back(CLOSEPOLY);
}
FT2Font::FT2Font(FT_Open_Args &open_args,
long hinting_factor_,
std::vector<FT2Font *> &fallback_list,
FT2Font::WarnFunc warn, bool warn_if_used)
: ft_glyph_warn(warn), warn_if_used(warn_if_used), image({1, 1}), face(nullptr),
hinting_factor(hinting_factor_),
// set default kerning factor to 0, i.e., no kerning manipulation
kerning_factor(0)
{
clear();
FT_CHECK(FT_Open_Face, _ft2Library, &open_args, 0, &face);
if (open_args.stream != nullptr) {
face->face_flags |= FT_FACE_FLAG_EXTERNAL_STREAM;
}
try {
set_size(12., 72.); // Set a default fontsize 12 pt at 72dpi.
} catch (...) {
FT_Done_Face(face);
throw;
}
// Set fallbacks
std::copy(fallback_list.begin(), fallback_list.end(), std::back_inserter(fallbacks));
}
FT2Font::~FT2Font()
{
for (auto & glyph : glyphs) {
FT_Done_Glyph(glyph);
}
if (face) {
FT_Done_Face(face);
}
}
void FT2Font::clear()
{
pen.x = pen.y = 0;
bbox.xMin = bbox.yMin = bbox.xMax = bbox.yMax = 0;
advance = 0;
for (auto & glyph : glyphs) {
FT_Done_Glyph(glyph);
}
glyphs.clear();
glyph_to_font.clear();
char_to_font.clear();
for (auto & fallback : fallbacks) {
fallback->clear();
}
}
void FT2Font::set_size(double ptsize, double dpi)
{
FT_CHECK(
FT_Set_Char_Size,
face, (FT_F26Dot6)(ptsize * 64), 0, (FT_UInt)(dpi * hinting_factor), (FT_UInt)dpi);
FT_Matrix transform = { 65536 / hinting_factor, 0, 0, 65536 };
FT_Set_Transform(face, &transform, nullptr);
for (auto & fallback : fallbacks) {
fallback->set_size(ptsize, dpi);
}
}
void FT2Font::set_charmap(int i)
{
if (i >= face->num_charmaps) {
throw std::runtime_error("i exceeds the available number of char maps");
}
FT_CHECK(FT_Set_Charmap, face, face->charmaps[i]);
}
void FT2Font::select_charmap(unsigned long i)
{
FT_CHECK(FT_Select_Charmap, face, (FT_Encoding)i);
}
int FT2Font::get_kerning(FT_UInt left, FT_UInt right, FT_Kerning_Mode mode,
bool fallback = false)
{
if (fallback && glyph_to_font.find(left) != glyph_to_font.end() &&
glyph_to_font.find(right) != glyph_to_font.end()) {
FT2Font *left_ft_object = glyph_to_font[left];
FT2Font *right_ft_object = glyph_to_font[right];
if (left_ft_object != right_ft_object) {
// we do not know how to do kerning between different fonts
return 0;
}
// if left_ft_object is the same as right_ft_object,
// do the exact same thing which set_text does.
return right_ft_object->get_kerning(left, right, mode, false);
}
else
{
FT_Vector delta;
return get_kerning(left, right, mode, delta);
}
}
int FT2Font::get_kerning(FT_UInt left, FT_UInt right, FT_Kerning_Mode mode,
FT_Vector &delta)
{
if (!FT_HAS_KERNING(face)) {
return 0;
}
if (!FT_Get_Kerning(face, left, right, mode, &delta)) {
return (int)(delta.x) / (hinting_factor << kerning_factor);
} else {
return 0;
}
}
void FT2Font::set_kerning_factor(int factor)
{
kerning_factor = factor;
for (auto & fallback : fallbacks) {
fallback->set_kerning_factor(factor);
}
}
void FT2Font::set_text(
std::u32string_view text, double angle, FT_Int32 flags, std::vector<double> &xys)
{
FT_Matrix matrix; /* transformation matrix */
angle = angle * (2 * M_PI / 360.0);
// this computes width and height in subpixels so we have to multiply by 64
double cosangle = cos(angle) * 0x10000L;
double sinangle = sin(angle) * 0x10000L;
matrix.xx = (FT_Fixed)cosangle;
matrix.xy = (FT_Fixed)-sinangle;
matrix.yx = (FT_Fixed)sinangle;
matrix.yy = (FT_Fixed)cosangle;
clear();
bbox.xMin = bbox.yMin = 32000;
bbox.xMax = bbox.yMax = -32000;
FT_UInt previous = 0;
FT2Font *previous_ft_object = nullptr;
for (auto codepoint : text) {
FT_UInt glyph_index = 0;
FT_BBox glyph_bbox;
FT_Pos last_advance;
FT_Error charcode_error, glyph_error;
std::set<FT_String*> glyph_seen_fonts;
FT2Font *ft_object_with_glyph = this;
bool was_found = load_char_with_fallback(ft_object_with_glyph, glyph_index, glyphs,
char_to_font, glyph_to_font, codepoint, flags,
charcode_error, glyph_error, glyph_seen_fonts, false);
if (!was_found) {
ft_glyph_warn((FT_ULong)codepoint, glyph_seen_fonts);
// render missing glyph tofu
// come back to top-most font
ft_object_with_glyph = this;
char_to_font[codepoint] = ft_object_with_glyph;
glyph_to_font[glyph_index] = ft_object_with_glyph;
ft_object_with_glyph->load_glyph(glyph_index, flags, ft_object_with_glyph, false);
} else if (ft_object_with_glyph->warn_if_used) {
ft_glyph_warn((FT_ULong)codepoint, glyph_seen_fonts);
}
// retrieve kerning distance and move pen position
if ((ft_object_with_glyph == previous_ft_object) && // if both fonts are the same
ft_object_with_glyph->has_kerning() && // if the font knows how to kern
previous && glyph_index // and we really have 2 glyphs
) {
FT_Vector delta;
pen.x += ft_object_with_glyph->get_kerning(previous, glyph_index, FT_KERNING_DEFAULT, delta);
}
// extract glyph image and store it in our table
FT_Glyph &thisGlyph = glyphs[glyphs.size() - 1];
last_advance = ft_object_with_glyph->get_face()->glyph->advance.x;
FT_Glyph_Transform(thisGlyph, nullptr, &pen);
FT_Glyph_Transform(thisGlyph, &matrix, nullptr);
xys.push_back(pen.x);
xys.push_back(pen.y);
FT_Glyph_Get_CBox(thisGlyph, FT_GLYPH_BBOX_SUBPIXELS, &glyph_bbox);
bbox.xMin = std::min(bbox.xMin, glyph_bbox.xMin);
bbox.xMax = std::max(bbox.xMax, glyph_bbox.xMax);
bbox.yMin = std::min(bbox.yMin, glyph_bbox.yMin);
bbox.yMax = std::max(bbox.yMax, glyph_bbox.yMax);
pen.x += last_advance;
previous = glyph_index;
previous_ft_object = ft_object_with_glyph;
}
FT_Vector_Transform(&pen, &matrix);
advance = pen.x;
if (bbox.xMin > bbox.xMax) {
bbox.xMin = bbox.yMin = bbox.xMax = bbox.yMax = 0;
}
}
void FT2Font::load_char(long charcode, FT_Int32 flags, FT2Font *&ft_object, bool fallback = false)
{
// if this is parent FT2Font, cache will be filled in 2 ways:
// 1. set_text was previously called
// 2. set_text was not called and fallback was enabled
std::set <FT_String *> glyph_seen_fonts;
if (fallback && char_to_font.find(charcode) != char_to_font.end()) {
ft_object = char_to_font[charcode];
// since it will be assigned to ft_object anyway
FT2Font *throwaway = nullptr;
ft_object->load_char(charcode, flags, throwaway, false);
} else if (fallback) {
FT_UInt final_glyph_index;
FT_Error charcode_error, glyph_error;
FT2Font *ft_object_with_glyph = this;
bool was_found = load_char_with_fallback(ft_object_with_glyph, final_glyph_index,
glyphs, char_to_font, glyph_to_font,
charcode, flags, charcode_error, glyph_error,
glyph_seen_fonts, true);
if (!was_found) {
ft_glyph_warn(charcode, glyph_seen_fonts);
if (charcode_error) {
THROW_FT_ERROR("charcode loading", charcode_error);
}
else if (glyph_error) {
THROW_FT_ERROR("charcode loading", glyph_error);
}
} else if (ft_object_with_glyph->warn_if_used) {
ft_glyph_warn(charcode, glyph_seen_fonts);
}
ft_object = ft_object_with_glyph;
} else {
//no fallback case
ft_object = this;
FT_UInt glyph_index = FT_Get_Char_Index(face, (FT_ULong) charcode);
if (!glyph_index){
glyph_seen_fonts.insert((face != nullptr)?face->family_name: nullptr);
ft_glyph_warn((FT_ULong)charcode, glyph_seen_fonts);
}
FT_CHECK(FT_Load_Glyph, face, glyph_index, flags);
FT_Glyph thisGlyph;
FT_CHECK(FT_Get_Glyph, face->glyph, &thisGlyph);
glyphs.push_back(thisGlyph);
}
}
bool FT2Font::get_char_fallback_index(FT_ULong charcode, int& index) const
{
FT_UInt glyph_index = FT_Get_Char_Index(face, charcode);
if (glyph_index) {
// -1 means the host has the char and we do not need to fallback
index = -1;
return true;
} else {
int inner_index = 0;
bool was_found;
for (size_t i = 0; i < fallbacks.size(); ++i) {
// TODO handle recursion somehow!
was_found = fallbacks[i]->get_char_fallback_index(charcode, inner_index);
if (was_found) {
index = i;
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
bool FT2Font::load_char_with_fallback(FT2Font *&ft_object_with_glyph,
FT_UInt &final_glyph_index,
std::vector<FT_Glyph> &parent_glyphs,
std::unordered_map<long, FT2Font *> &parent_char_to_font,
std::unordered_map<FT_UInt, FT2Font *> &parent_glyph_to_font,
long charcode,
FT_Int32 flags,
FT_Error &charcode_error,
FT_Error &glyph_error,
std::set<FT_String*> &glyph_seen_fonts,
bool override = false)
{
FT_UInt glyph_index = FT_Get_Char_Index(face, charcode);
if (!warn_if_used) {
glyph_seen_fonts.insert(face->family_name);
}
if (glyph_index || override) {
charcode_error = FT_Load_Glyph(face, glyph_index, flags);
if (charcode_error) {
return false;
}
FT_Glyph thisGlyph;
glyph_error = FT_Get_Glyph(face->glyph, &thisGlyph);
if (glyph_error) {
return false;
}
final_glyph_index = glyph_index;
// cache the result for future
// need to store this for anytime a character is loaded from a parent
// FT2Font object or to generate a mapping of individual characters to fonts
ft_object_with_glyph = this;
parent_glyph_to_font[final_glyph_index] = this;
parent_char_to_font[charcode] = this;
parent_glyphs.push_back(thisGlyph);
return true;
}
else {
for (auto & fallback : fallbacks) {
bool was_found = fallback->load_char_with_fallback(
ft_object_with_glyph, final_glyph_index, parent_glyphs,
parent_char_to_font, parent_glyph_to_font, charcode, flags,
charcode_error, glyph_error, glyph_seen_fonts, override);
if (was_found) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
}
void FT2Font::load_glyph(FT_UInt glyph_index,
FT_Int32 flags,
FT2Font *&ft_object,
bool fallback = false)
{
// cache is only for parent FT2Font
if (fallback && glyph_to_font.find(glyph_index) != glyph_to_font.end()) {
ft_object = glyph_to_font[glyph_index];
} else {
ft_object = this;
}
ft_object->load_glyph(glyph_index, flags);
}
void FT2Font::load_glyph(FT_UInt glyph_index, FT_Int32 flags)
{
FT_CHECK(FT_Load_Glyph, face, glyph_index, flags);
FT_Glyph thisGlyph;
FT_CHECK(FT_Get_Glyph, face->glyph, &thisGlyph);
glyphs.push_back(thisGlyph);
}
FT_UInt FT2Font::get_char_index(FT_ULong charcode, bool fallback = false)
{
FT2Font *ft_object = nullptr;
if (fallback && char_to_font.find(charcode) != char_to_font.end()) {
// fallback denotes whether we want to search fallback list.
// should call set_text/load_char_with_fallback to parent FT2Font before
// wanting to use fallback list here. (since that populates the cache)
ft_object = char_to_font[charcode];
} else {
// set as self
ft_object = this;
}
return FT_Get_Char_Index(ft_object->get_face(), charcode);
}
void FT2Font::get_width_height(long *width, long *height)
{
*width = advance;
*height = bbox.yMax - bbox.yMin;
}
long FT2Font::get_descent()
{
return -bbox.yMin;
}
void FT2Font::get_bitmap_offset(long *x, long *y)
{
*x = bbox.xMin;
*y = 0;
}
void FT2Font::draw_glyphs_to_bitmap(bool antialiased)
{
long width = (bbox.xMax - bbox.xMin) / 64 + 2;
long height = (bbox.yMax - bbox.yMin) / 64 + 2;
image = py::array_t<uint8_t>{{height, width}};
std::memset(image.mutable_data(0), 0, image.nbytes());
for (auto & glyph: glyphs) {
FT_CHECK(
FT_Glyph_To_Bitmap,
&glyph, antialiased ? FT_RENDER_MODE_NORMAL : FT_RENDER_MODE_MONO, nullptr, 1);
FT_BitmapGlyph bitmap = (FT_BitmapGlyph)glyph;
// now, draw to our target surface (convert position)
// bitmap left and top in pixel, string bbox in subpixel
FT_Int x = (FT_Int)(bitmap->left - (bbox.xMin * (1. / 64.)));
FT_Int y = (FT_Int)((bbox.yMax * (1. / 64.)) - bitmap->top + 1);
draw_bitmap(image, &bitmap->bitmap, x, y);
}
}
void FT2Font::draw_glyph_to_bitmap(
py::array_t<uint8_t, py::array::c_style> im,
int x, int y, size_t glyphInd, bool antialiased)
{
FT_Vector sub_offset;
sub_offset.x = 0; // int((xd - (double)x) * 64.0);
sub_offset.y = 0; // int((yd - (double)y) * 64.0);
if (glyphInd >= glyphs.size()) {
throw std::runtime_error("glyph num is out of range");
}
FT_CHECK(
FT_Glyph_To_Bitmap,
&glyphs[glyphInd],
antialiased ? FT_RENDER_MODE_NORMAL : FT_RENDER_MODE_MONO,
&sub_offset, // additional translation
1); // destroy image
FT_BitmapGlyph bitmap = (FT_BitmapGlyph)glyphs[glyphInd];
draw_bitmap(im, &bitmap->bitmap, x + bitmap->left, y);
}
void FT2Font::get_glyph_name(unsigned int glyph_number, std::string &buffer,
bool fallback = false)
{
if (fallback && glyph_to_font.find(glyph_number) != glyph_to_font.end()) {
// cache is only for parent FT2Font
FT2Font *ft_object = glyph_to_font[glyph_number];
ft_object->get_glyph_name(glyph_number, buffer, false);
return;
}
if (!FT_HAS_GLYPH_NAMES(face)) {
/* Note that this generated name must match the name that
is generated by ttconv in ttfont_CharStrings_getname. */
auto len = snprintf(buffer.data(), buffer.size(), "uni%08x", glyph_number);
if (len >= 0) {
buffer.resize(len);
} else {
throw std::runtime_error("Failed to convert glyph to standard name");
}
} else {
FT_CHECK(FT_Get_Glyph_Name, face, glyph_number, buffer.data(), buffer.size());
auto len = buffer.find('\0');
if (len != buffer.npos) {
buffer.resize(len);
}
}
}
long FT2Font::get_name_index(char *name)
{
return FT_Get_Name_Index(face, (FT_String *)name);
}