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publish.py
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"""Publishes webmentions into the silos.
Webmention spec: http://webmention.org/
Bridgy request and response details: https://brid.gy/about#response
"""
import collections
import logging
import pprint
import re
import urllib.request, urllib.parse, urllib.error
from flask import render_template, request
from google.cloud import ndb
from granary import as1, microformats2
from granary import source as gr_source
import grpc
from oauth_dropins import (
bluesky as oauth_bluesky,
flickr as oauth_flickr,
github as oauth_github,
mastodon as oauth_mastodon,
)
from oauth_dropins.webutil import appengine_info
from oauth_dropins.webutil import flask_util
from oauth_dropins.webutil.flask_util import flash
from oauth_dropins.webutil.util import json_dumps, json_loads
from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException
from flask_app import app
from models import Publish, PublishedPage
import models
import util
from util import redirect
import webmention
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
SOURCES = {name: cls for name, cls in models.sources.items() if cls.CAN_PUBLISH}
SOURCE_DOMAINS = {cls.GR_CLASS.DOMAIN: cls for cls in SOURCES.values()}
# image URLs matching this regexp should be ignored.
# (This matches Wordpress Jetpack lazy loaded image placeholders.)
# https://github.com/snarfed/bridgy/issues/798
IGNORE_IMAGE_RE = re.compile(r'.*/lazy-images/images/1x1\.trans\.gif$')
PUBLISHABLE_TYPES = frozenset((
'h-checkin',
'h-entry',
'h-event',
'h-geo',
'h-item',
'h-listing',
'h-product',
'h-recipe',
'h-resume',
'h-review',
))
class CollisionError(RuntimeError):
"""Multiple publish requests for the same page at the same time."""
pass
class PublishBase(webmention.Webmention):
"""Base handler for both previews and publishes.
Subclasses must set the :attr:`PREVIEW` attribute to True or False. They may
also override other methods.
Attributes:
fetched (requests.Response): fetched source_url
shortlink (str): rel-shortlink found in the original post, if any
"""
PREVIEW = None
shortlink = None
source = None
def authorize(self):
"""Returns True if the current user is authorized for this request.
Otherwise, should call :meth:`error` to provide an appropriate
error message.
"""
return True
def source_url(self):
return request.values['source'].strip()
def target_url(self):
return request.values['target'].strip()
def include_link(self, item):
val = request.values.get('bridgy_omit_link', None)
if val is None:
# _run has already parsed and validated the target URL
vals = urllib.parse.parse_qs(urllib.parse.urlparse(self.target_url()).query)\
.get('bridgy_omit_link')
val = vals[0] if vals else None
if val is None:
vals = item.get('properties', {}).get('bridgy-omit-link')
val = vals[0] if vals else None
return (gr_source.INCLUDE_LINK if val is None or val.lower() == 'false'
else gr_source.INCLUDE_IF_TRUNCATED if val.lower() == 'maybe'
else gr_source.OMIT_LINK)
def ignore_formatting(self, item):
val = request.values.get('bridgy_ignore_formatting', None)
if val is None:
# _run has already parsed and validated the target URL
vals = urllib.parse.parse_qs(urllib.parse.urlparse(self.target_url()).query)\
.get('bridgy_ignore_formatting')
val = vals[0] if vals else None
if val is not None:
return val.lower() in ('', 'true')
return 'bridgy-ignore-formatting' in item.get('properties', {})
def maybe_inject_silo_content(self, item):
props = item.setdefault('properties', {})
silo_content = props.get(f'bridgy-{self.source.SHORT_NAME}-content', [])
if silo_content:
props['content'] = silo_content
props.pop('name', None)
props.pop('summary', None)
def _run(self):
"""Returns CreationResult on success, None otherwise."""
logger.info(f'Params: {list(request.values.items())}')
assert self.PREVIEW in (True, False)
# parse and validate target URL
try:
parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(self.target_url())
except BaseException:
self.error(f'Could not parse target URL {self.target_url()}')
domain = parsed.netloc
path_parts = parsed.path.rsplit('/', 1)
source_cls = SOURCES.get(path_parts[-1])
if (domain not in util.DOMAINS or
len(path_parts) != 2 or path_parts[0] != '/publish' or not source_cls):
self.error(f'Target must be brid.gy/publish/[{",".join(SOURCES.keys())}]')
# resolve source URL
source_url = self.source_url()
resolved_url, domain, ok = util.get_webmention_target(
source_url, replace_test_domains=False)
# show nice error message if they're trying to publish a silo post
if domain in SOURCE_DOMAINS:
return self.error(
f"Looks like that's a {SOURCE_DOMAINS[domain].GR_CLASS.NAME} URL. Try one from your web site instead!")
elif not ok:
return self.error(f'Unsupported source URL {resolved_url}')
elif not domain:
return self.error(f'Could not parse source URL {resolved_url}')
# look up source by domain
self.source = self._find_source(source_cls, resolved_url, domain)
if not self.source:
# _find_source called self.error()
return
content_param = f'bridgy_{self.source.SHORT_NAME}_content'
if content_param in request.values:
return self.error(f'The {content_param} parameter is not supported')
# show nice error message if they're trying to publish their home page
for domain_url in self.source.domain_urls:
domain_url_parts = urllib.parse.urlparse(domain_url)
for check_url in resolved_url, source_url:
parts = urllib.parse.urlparse(check_url)
if (parts.netloc == domain_url_parts.netloc and
parts.path.strip('/') == domain_url_parts.path.strip('/') and
not parts.query):
return self.error(
"Looks like that's your home page. Try one of your posts instead!")
# done with the sanity checks, create the Publish entity
self.entity = self.get_or_add_publish_entity(resolved_url)
if not self.entity:
return None
# fetch the source page!
fragment = urllib.parse.urlparse(source_url).fragment
try:
resp = self.fetch_mf2(resolved_url, id=fragment, raise_errors=True)
except HTTPException:
# raised by us, probably via self.error()
raise
except BaseException as e:
status, body = util.interpret_http_exception(e)
if status == '410':
return self.delete(resolved_url)
return self.error(f'Could not fetch source URL {resolved_url}')
if not resp:
return
self.fetched, mf2 = resp
# check that we haven't already published this URL. (we can't do this before
# fetching because it might be a 410 delete, which we only know by fetching.)
if (self.entity.status == 'complete' and self.entity.type != 'preview' and
not self.PREVIEW and not appengine_info.LOCAL_SERVER):
return self.error("Sorry, you've already published that page, and Bridgy Publish doesn't support updating existing posts. Details: https://github.com/snarfed/bridgy/issues/84",
extra_json={'original': self.entity.published})
# find rel-shortlink, if any
# http://microformats.org/wiki/rel-shortlink
# https://github.com/snarfed/bridgy/issues/173
shortlinks = mf2['rels'].get('shortlink')
if shortlinks:
self.shortlink = urllib.parse.urljoin(resolved_url, shortlinks[0])
# loop through each item and its children and try to preview/create it. if
# it fails, try the next one. break after the first one that works.
result = None
types = set()
queue = collections.deque(mf2.get('items', []))
while queue:
item = queue.popleft()
item_types = set(item.get('type'))
if 'h-feed' in item_types
B41A
and 'h-entry' not in item_types:
queue.extend(item.get('children', []))
continue
elif not item_types & PUBLISHABLE_TYPES:
types = types.union(item_types)
continue
try:
result = self.attempt_single_item(item)
if self.entity.published:
break
if result.abort:
if result.error_plain:
self.error(result.error_plain, html=result.error_html, data=item)
return
# try the next item
for embedded in ('rsvp', 'invitee', 'repost-of', 'like-of', 'in-reply-to'):
if embedded in item.get('properties', []):
item_types.add(embedded)
logger.info(
'Object type(s) %s not supported; error=%s; trying next.',
item_types, result.error_plain)
types = types.union(item_types)
queue.extend(item.get('children', []))
except HTTPException:
# raised by us, probably via self.error()
raise
except BaseException as e:
code, body = util.interpret_http_exception(e)
if code in self.source.DISABLE_HTTP_CODES or isinstance(e, models.DisableSource):
# the user deauthorized the bridgy app, or the token expired, so
# disable this source.
logger.warning(f'Disabling source due to: {e}', exc_info=True)
self.source.status = 'disabled'
self.source.put()
if isinstance(e, (NotImplementedError, ValueError, urllib.error.URLError)):
code = '400'
elif not code:
self.entity.status = 'failed'
self.entity.put()
raise
msg = f"Error: {body or ''} {e}"
return self.error(msg, status=code, report=code not in
('400', '403', '404', '406', '422', '502', '503', '504'))
if not self.entity.published: # tried all the items
types.discard('h-entry')
types.discard('h-note')
if types:
msg = f"{source_cls.GR_CLASS.NAME} doesn't support type(s) {' + '.join(types)}, or no content was found."
return self.error(msg, data=mf2)
else:
msg = 'Could not find content in <a href="http://microformats.org/wiki/h-entry">h-entry</a> or any other element!'
return self.error(msg, html=msg, data=mf2)
# write results to datastore, but don't overwrite a previous publish with a
# preview.
if not (self.PREVIEW and self.entity.type != 'preview'):
self.entity.status = 'complete'
self.entity.put()
return result
def _find_source(self, source_cls, url, domain):
"""Returns the source that should publish a post URL, or None if not found.
Args:
source_cls (models.Source): subclass for this silo
url (str)
domain (str): url's domain
Returns:
models.Source:
"""
domain = domain.lower()
if util.domain_or_parent_in(domain, util.DOMAINS):
return self.error(f'Source URL should be on your own site, not {domain}')
sources = source_cls.query().filter(source_cls.domains == domain).fetch(100)
if not sources:
msg = f'Could not find <b>{source_cls.GR_CLASS.NAME}</b> account for <b>{domain}</b>. Check that your {source_cls.GR_CLASS.NAME} profile has {domain} in its <em>web site</em> or <em>link</em> field, then try signing up again.'
return self.error(msg, html=msg)
current_url = ''
sources_ready = []
best_match = None
for source in sources:
logger.info(f'Source: {source.bridgy_url()} , features {source.features}, status {source.status}, poll status {source.poll_status}')
if source.status != 'disabled' and 'publish' in source.features:
# use a source that has a domain_url matching the url provided,
# including path. find the source with the closest match.
sources_ready.append(source)
schemeless_url = util.schemeless(url.lower()).strip('/')
for domain_url in source.domain_urls:
schemeless_domain_url = util.schemeless(domain_url.lower()).strip('/')
if (schemeless_url.startswith(schemeless_domain_url) and
len(domain_url) > len(current_url)):
current_url = domain_url
best_match = source
if best_match:
return best_match
if sources_ready:
msg = f'No account found that matches {util.pretty_link(url)}. Check that <a href="{util.host_url("/about#profile-link")}">the web site URL is in your silo profile</a>, then <a href="{request.host_url}">sign up again</a>.'
else:
msg = f'Publish is not enabled for your account. <a href="{request.host_url}">Try signing up!</a>'
self.error(msg, html=msg)
def attempt_single_item(self, item):
"""Attempts to preview or publish a single mf2 item.
Args:
item (dict): mf2 item from mf2py
Returns:
granary.source.CreationResult:
"""
self.maybe_inject_silo_content(item)
obj = microformats2.json_to_object(item)
ignore_formatting = self.ignore_formatting(item)
if ignore_formatting:
prop = microformats2.first_props(item.get('properties', {}))
content = microformats2.get_text(prop.get('content'))
if content:
obj['content'] = content.strip()
# which original post URL to include? in order of preference:
# 1. rel-shortlink (background: https://github.com/snarfed/bridgy/issues/173)
# 2. original user-provided URL if it redirected
# 3. u-url if available
# 4. actual final fetched URL
if self.shortlink:
obj['url'] = self.shortlink
elif self.source_url() != self.fetched.url:
obj['url'] = self.source_url()
elif 'url' not in obj:
obj['url'] = self.fetched.url
logger.debug(f'Converted to ActivityStreams object: {json_dumps(obj, indent=2)}')
# posts and comments need content
obj_type = obj.get('objectType')
if (obj_type in ('note', 'article', 'comment') and
(not obj.get('content') and not obj.get('summary')
and not obj.get('displayName'))):
return gr_source.creation_result(
abort=False,
error_plain=f'Could not find content in {self.fetched.url}',
error_html=f'Could not find <a href="http://microformats.org/">content</a> in {self.fetched.url}')
self.preprocess(obj)
include_link = self.include_link(item)
if not self.authorize():
return gr_source.creation_result(abort=True)
if self.PREVIEW:
result = self.source.gr_source.preview_create(
obj, include_link=include_link, ignore_formatting=ignore_formatting)
previewed = result.content or result.description
if self.entity.type == 'preview':
self.entity.published = previewed
if not previewed:
return result # there was an error
return self._render_preview(result, include_link=include_link)
else:
result = self.source.gr_source.create(
obj, include_link=include_link, ignore_formatting=ignore_formatting)
self.entity.published = result.content
if not result.content:
return result # there was an error
if 'url' not in self.entity.published:
self.entity.published['url'] = obj.get('url')
self.entity.type = self.entity.published.get('type') or models.get_type(obj)
ret = json_dumps(self.entity.published, indent=2)
logger.info(f'Returning {ret}')
return gr_source.creation_result(ret)
def delete(self, source_url):
"""Attempts to delete or preview delete a published post.
Args:
source_url (str): original post URL
Returns:
dict: response data with at least ``id`` and ``url``
"""
assert self.entity
if ((self.entity.status != 'complete' or self.entity.type == 'preview') and
not appengine_info.LOCAL_SERVER):
return self.error(f"Can't delete this post from {self.source.gr_source.NAME} because Bridgy Publish didn't originally POSSE it there")
id = self.entity.published.get('id')
url = self.entity.published.get('url')
if not id and url:
id = self.source.gr_source.post_id(url)
if not id:
return self.error(
f"Bridgy Publish can't find the id of the {self.source.gr_source.NAME} post that it originally published for {source_url}")
if self.PREVIEW:
try:
return self._render_preview(self.source.gr_source.preview_delete(id))
except NotImplementedError:
return self.error(f"Sorry, deleting isn't supported for {self.source.gr_source.NAME} yet")
logger.info(f'Deleting silo post id {id}')
self.entity = models.Publish(parent=self.entity.key.parent(),
source=self.source.key, type='delete')
self.entity.put()
logger.debug(f"Publish entity for delete: {self.entity.key.urlsafe().decode()}")
resp = self.source.gr_source.delete(id)
resp.content.setdefault('id', id)
resp.content.setdefault('url', url)
logger.info(resp.content)
self.entity.published = resp.content
self.entity.status = 'deleted'
self.entity.put()
return resp
def preprocess(self, activity):
"""Preprocesses an item before trying to publish it.
Specifically, expands inReplyTo/object URLs with rel=syndication URLs.
Args:
activity (dict): ActivityStreams activity or object being published
"""
self.source.preprocess_for_publish(activity)
self.expand_target_urls(activity)
activity['image'] = [img for img in util.get_list(activity, 'image')
if not IGNORE_IMAGE_RE.match(img.get('url', ''))]
if not activity['image']:
del activity['image']
def expand_target_urls(self, activity):
"""Expand the inReplyTo or object fields of an ActivityStreams object
by fetching the original and looking for rel=syndication URLs.
This method modifies the dict in place.
Args:
activity (dict): ActivityStreams activity being published
"""
for field in ('inReplyTo', 'object'):
# microformats2.json_to_object de-dupes, no need to do it here
urls = util.dedupe_urls(o.get('url') or o.get('id')
for o in as1.get_objects(activity, field))
augmented = list(urls)
for url in urls:
parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
# ignore home pages. https://github.com/snarfed/bridgy/issues/760
if parsed.path in ('', '/'):
continue
# get_webmention_target weeds out silos and non-HTML targets
# that we wouldn't want to download and parse
url, _, ok = util.get_webmention_target(url)
if not ok:
continue
logger.debug(f'expand_target_urls fetching field={field}, url={url}')
try:
mf2 = util.fetch_mf2(url)
except AssertionError:
raise # for unit tests
except HTTPException:
# raised by us, probably via self.error()
raise
except BaseException:
# it's not a big deal if we can't fetch an in-reply-to url
logger.info(f'expand_target_urls could not fetch field={field}, url={url}', exc_info=True)
continue
synd_urls = mf2['rels'].get('syndication', [])
# look for syndication urls in the first h-entry
queue = collections.deque(mf2.get('items', []))
while queue:
item = queue.popleft()
item_types = set(item.get('type', []))
if 'h-feed' in item_types and 'h-entry' not in item_types:
queue.extend(item.get('children', []))
continue
# these can be urls or h-cites
synd_urls += microformats2.get_string_urls(
item.get('properties', {}).get('syndication', []))
logger.debug(f'expand_target_urls found rel=syndication for url={url} : {synd_urls!r}')
augmented += synd_urls
if augmented:
activity[field] = [{'url': u} for u in augmented]
def get_or_add_publish_entity(self, source_url):
"""Creates and stores :class:`models.Publish` entity.
...and if necessary, :class:`models.PublishedPage` entity.
Args:
source_url (str)
"""
try:
return self._get_or_add_publish_entity(source_url)
except CollisionError:
return self.error("You're already publishing that post in another request.",
status=429)
except Exception as e:
code = getattr(e, 'code', None)
details = getattr(e, 'details', None)
logger.info((code and code(), details and details()))
if (code and code() == grpc.StatusCode.ABORTED and
details and 'too much contention' in details()):
return self.error("You're already publishing that post in another request.",
status=429)
raise
@ndb.transactional()
def _get_or_add_publish_entity(self, source_url):
page = PublishedPage.get_or_insert(source_url)
# Detect concurrent publish request for the same page
# https://github.com/snarfed/bridgy/issues/996
pending = Publish.query(
Publish.status == 'new', Publish.type != 'preview',
Publish.source == self.source.key, ancestor=page.key).get()
if pending:
logger.warning(f'Collided with publish: {pending.key} {pending.key.urlsafe().decode()}')
raise CollisionError()
entity = Publish.query(
Publish.status == 'complete', Publish.type != 'preview',
Publish.source == self.source.key, ancestor=page.key).get()
if entity is None:
entity = Publish(parent=page.key, source=self.source.key)
if self.PREVIEW:
entity.type = 'preview'
entity.put()
logger.debug(f"Publish entity: {entity.key.urlsafe().decode()}")
return entity
def _render_preview(self, result, include_link=False):
"""Renders a preview CreationResult as HTML.
Args:
result (CreationResult)
include_link (bool)
Returns:
CreationResult: result, with rendered HTML in content
"""
state = {
'source_key': self.source.key.urlsafe().decode(),
'source_url': self.source_url(),
D74C
'target_url': self.target_url(),
'include_link': include_link,
}
vars = {
'source': util.preprocess_source(self.source),
'preview': result.content,
'description': result.description,
'webmention_endpoint': util.host_url('/publish/webmention'),
'state': util.encode_oauth_state(state),
**state,
}
logger.info(f'Rendering preview with template vars {pprint.pformat(vars)}')
return gr_source.creation_result(render_template('preview.html', **vars))
class Preview(PublishBase):
"""Renders a preview HTML snippet of how a webmention would be handled.
"""
PREVIEW = True
def dispatch_request(self):
try:
result = self._run()
return result.content if result and result.content else r'¯\_(ツ)_/¯'
except HTTPException as e:
return e.description, e.code
def authorize(self):
from_source = util.load_source()
if from_source.key != self.source.key:
msg = f'Try publishing that page from <a href="{self.source.bridgy_path()}">{self.source.label()}</a> instead.'
self.error(msg, html=msg)
return False
return True
def include_link(self, item):
# always use query param because there's a checkbox in the UI
val = request.values.get('bridgy_omit_link', None)
return (gr_source.INCLUDE_LINK if val is None or val.lower() == 'false'
else gr_source.INCLUDE_IF_TRUNCATED if val.lower() == 'maybe'
else gr_source.OMIT_LINK)
def error(self, error, html=None, status=400, **kwargs):
super().error(error, html=html, http_response=False, **kwargs)
flask_util.error(html or util.linkify(error), status=status)
class Send(PublishBase):
"""Interactive publish handler. Redirected to after each silo's OAuth dance."""
PREVIEW = False
def finish(self, auth_entity, state=None):
self.state = util.decode_oauth_state(state)
if not state:
self.error('If you want to publish or preview, please approve the prompt.')
return redirect('/')
source_key = self.state.get('source_key')
if not source_key:
self.error('State missing source_key')
return redirect('/')
source = ndb.Key(urlsafe=source_key).get()
if not source:
self.error(f'User {source_key} not found')
return redirect('/')
elif auth_entity is None:
self.error('If you want to publish or preview, please approve the prompt.')
elif not auth_entity.is_authority_for(source.auth_entity):
self.error(f'Please log into {source.GR_CLASS.NAME} as {source.name} to publish that page.')
else:
result = self._run()
if result and result.content:
flash(f"Done! <a href=\"{self.entity.published.get('url')}\">Click here to view.</a>")
granary_message = self.entity.published.get('granary_message')
if granary_message:
flash(granary_message)
# otherwise error() added an error message
return redirect(source.bridgy_url())
def source_url(self):
return self.state['source_url']
def target_url(self):
return self.state['target_url']
def include_link(self, item):
return self.state['include_link']
def error(self, error, html=None, **kwargs):
flash(html or util.linkify(error))
return super().error(error, html=html, http_response=False, **kwargs)
# We want Callback.get() and Send.finish(), so put
# Callback first and override finish.
class BlueskySend(oauth_bluesky.Callback, Send):
finish = Send.finish
class FlickrSend(oauth_flickr.Callback, Send):
finish = Send.finish
class GitHubSend(oauth_github.Callback, Send):
finish = Send.finish
class MastodonSend(oauth_mastodon.Callback, Send):
finish = Send.finish
class Webmention(PublishBase):
"""Accepts webmentions and translates them to publish requests."""
PREVIEW = False
def dispatch_request(self):
result = self._run()
if result:
return result.content, 201, {
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
'Location': self.entity.published['url'],
}
return ''
def authorize(self):
"""Check for a backlink to brid.gy/publish/SILO."""
bases = set()
if request.host == 'brid.gy':
bases.add('brid.gy')
bases.add('www.brid.gy') # also accept www
else:
bases.add(request.host)
expected = [f'{base}/publish/{self.source.SHORT_NAME}' for base in bases]
if self.entity.html:
for url in expected:
if url in self.entity.html or urllib.parse.quote(url, safe='') in self.entity.html:
return True
self.error(f"Couldn't find link to {expected[0]}")
return False
app.add_url_rule('/publish/preview', view_func=Preview.as_view('publish_preview'), methods=['POST'])
app.add_url_rule('/publish/webmention', view_func=Webmention.as_view('publish_webmention'), methods=['POST'])
app.add_url_rule('/publish/bluesky/finish', view_func=BlueskySend.as_view('publish_bluesky_finish', 'finish'), methods=['POST'])
app.add_url_rule('/publish/flickr/finish', view_func=FlickrSend.as_view('publish_flickr_finish', 'unused'))
app.add_url_rule('/publish/github/finish', view_func=GitHubSend.as_view('publish_github_finish', 'unused'))
app.add_url_rule('/publish/mastodon/finish', view_func=MastodonSend.as_view('publish_mastodon_finish', 'unused'))