algorithms/numberOfIslands/NumberOfIslands.cpp

// Source : https://leetcode.com/problems/number-of-islands/
// Author : Hao Chen
// Date   : 2015-06-08

/********************************************************************************** 
 * 
 * Given a 2d grid map of '1's (land) and '0's (water), count the number of islands. 
 * An island is surrounded by water and is formed by connecting adjacent lands horizontally or vertically. 
 * You may assume all four edges of the grid are all surrounded by water.
 * 
 * Example 1:
 *   11110
 *   11010
 *   11000
 *   00000
 * Answer: 1
 * 
 * Example 2:
 *   11000
 *   11000
 *   00100
 *   00011
 * Answer: 3
 * 
 * Credits:Special thanks to @mithmatt for adding this problem and creating all test cases.
 *               
 **********************************************************************************/

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

void mark(vector<vector<char> >& grid, int r, int c){
    if ( r<0 || r>=grid.size() ||
            c<0 || c>=grid[0].size() ||
            grid[r][c] != '1' ) {
        return;
    }

    grid[r][c] = 'M';

    //left
    mark(grid, r, c+1);
    //right
    mark(grid, r, c-1);
    //up
    mark(grid, r-1, c);
    //down
    mark(grid, r+1, c);
}

int numIslands(vector<vector<char> >& grid) {
    int result = 0;
    for (int r=0; r<grid.size(); r++) {
        for (int c=0; c<grid[r].size(); c++) {
            if (grid[r][c] == '1') {
                result++;
                mark(grid, r, c);
            }
        }
    }
    return result;
}

void initGrid( string g[], int len, vector<vector<char> >& grid )
{
    for (int i=0; i<len; i++){
       grid.push_back(vector<char>(g[i].begin(), g[i].end())); 
    }
}

int main(void)
{
    vector< vector<char> > grid;
    grid.push_back( vector<char>(1, '1') );

    cout << numIslands(grid) << endl;


    grid.clear();

    string g1[] = { "11110",
                    "11010", 
                    "11000", 
                    "00000" };

    initGrid(g1, 4, grid);
    cout << numIslands(grid) << endl;


    grid.clear();

    string g2[] = { "11000",
                    "11000",
                    "00100",
                    "00011" };

    initGrid(g2, 4, grid);
    cout << numIslands(grid) << endl;


    return 0;
}