Related reading arising during discussion

Selection-bias

https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwx077

https://causalai.net/r29.pdf

https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ede.0000135174.63482.43

good and bad controls

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3689437

ways to estimate population size

Mark-recapture, distance sampling, etc. Hard to find approachable papers on these topics.

https://distancesampling.org/whatisds.html

https://doi.org/10.2307/1939816

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00411

https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.563477