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‎ch04-strings-and-string-methods/5-challenge-pick-apart-your-users-input.py

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# 4.5 - Challenge: Pick Apart Your User's Input
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# Solution to code challenge
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# Return the upper-case first letter entered by the user
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user_input = input("Tell me your password: ")
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first_letter = user_input[0]
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print("The first letter you entered was:", first_letter.upper())

‎ch04-strings-and-string-methods/9-challenge-turn-your-user-into-a-l33t-h4x0r.py

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# 4.9 - Challenge: Turn Your User Into a L33t H4x0r
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# Solution to challenge
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# Turn a user's input into leetspeak
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my_text = input("Enter some text: ")
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my_text = my_text.replace("a", "4")
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my_text = my_text.replace("b", "8")
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my_text = my_text.replace("e", "3")
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my_text = my_text.replace("l", "1")
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my_text = my_text.replace("o", "0")
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my_text = my_text.replace("s", "5")
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my_text = my_text.replace("t", "7")
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print(my_text)

‎ch05-numbers-in-python/3-challenge-perform-calculations-on-user-input.py

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# 5.3 - Challenge: Perform Calculations on User Input
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# Solution to challenge
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# Receive two input numbers and calculate their power
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base = input("Enter a base: ")
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exponent = input("Enter an exponent: ")
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result = float(base) ** float(exponent)
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print(f"{base} to the power of {exponent} = {result}")

‎ch06-functions-and-loops/3-challenge-convert-temperatures.py

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# 6.3 - Challenge: Convert temperatures
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# Solution to challenge
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def convert_cel_to_far(temp_cel):
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"""Return the Celsius temperature temp_cel converted to Fahrenheit."""
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temp_far = temp_cel * (9 / 5) + 32
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return temp_far
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def convert_far_to_cel(temp_far):
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"""Return the Fahrenheit temperature temp_far converted to Celsius."""
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temp_cel = (temp_far - 32) * (5 / 9)
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return temp_cel
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# Prompt the user to input a Fahrenheit temperature.
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temp_far = input("Enter a temperature in degrees F: ")
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# Convert the temperature to Celsius.
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# Note that `temp_far` must be converted to a `float`
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# since `input()` returns a string.
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temp_cel = convert_far_to_cel(float(temp_far))
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# Display the converted temperature
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print(f"{temp_far} degrees F = {temp_cel:.2f} degrees C")
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# You could also use `round()` instead of the formatting mini-language:
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# print(f"{temp_far} degrees F = {round(temp_cel, 2)} degrees C"")
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# Prompt the user to input a Celsius temperature.
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temp_cel = input("\nEnter a temperature in degrees C: ")
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# Convert the temperature to Fahrenheit.
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temp_far = convert_cel_to_far(float(temp_cel))
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# Display the converted temperature
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print(f"{temp_cel} degrees C = {temp_far:.2f} degrees F")

‎ch06-functions-and-loops/5-challenge-track-your-investments.py

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# 6.5 - Challenge: Track Your Investments
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# Solution to challenge
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# Calculate compound interest to track the growth of an investment
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def invest(amount, rate, years):
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for year in range(1, years + 1):
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amount = amount * (1 + rate)
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print(f"year {year}: ${amount:,.2f}")
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amount = float(input("Enter a principal amount: "))
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rate = float(input("Enter an anual rate of return: "))
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years = int(input("Enter a number of years: "))
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invest(amount, rate, years)

‎ch08-conditional-logic/4-challenge-find-the-factors-of-a-number.py

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# 8.4 - Challenge: Find the Factors of a Number
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# Solution to challenge
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# Display all the factors of a number chosen by the user
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num = int(input("Enter a positive integer: "))
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for divisor in range(1, num + 1):
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if num % divisor == 0:
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print(f"{divisor} is a factor of {num}")

‎ch08-conditional-logic/8a-challenge-simulate-a-coin-toss-experiment.py

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# 8.8 - Challenge: Simulate a Coin Toss Experiment
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# Solution to challenge
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# Simulate the results of a series of coin tosses and track the results
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# This one is tricky to structure correctly. Try writing out the logic before
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# you start coding. Some additional pointers if you're stuck:
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# 1. You will need to use a `for` loop over a range of trials.
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# 2. For each trial, first you should check the outcome of the first flip.
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# 3. Make sure you add the first flip to the total number of flips.
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# 4. After the first toss, you'll need another loop to keep flipping while you
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# get the same result as the first flip.
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import random
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def coin_flip():
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"""Randomly return 'heads' or 'tails'."""
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if random.randint(0, 1) == 0:
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return "heads"
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else:
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return "tails"
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flips = 0
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num_trials = 10_000
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for trial in range(num_trials):
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if coin_flip() == "heads":
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# Increment the number of flips by 1
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flips = flips + 1
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while coin_flip() == "heads":
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# Keep incrementing the total number of flips
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# until "tails" is returned by coin_flip()
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flips = flips + 1
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# Once coin_flip() return "tails", the loop will exit,
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# but we need to add one more to flips to track the
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# last flip that generated "tails"
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flips = flips + 1
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else:
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# coin_flip() returned "tails" on the first flip.
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# Increment the number of flips by 1
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flips = flips + 1
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while coin_flip == "tails":
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# Keep incrementing the total number of flips
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# until "heads" is returned by coin_flip()
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flips = flips + 1
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# Once coin_flip() returns "heads", the loop will exit,
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# but we need to add one more to flips to track the
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# last flip that generated "heads"
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flips = flips + 1
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avg_flips_per_trial = flips / num_trials
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print(f"The average number of flips per trial is {avg_flips_per_trial}.")

‎ch08-conditional-logic/8b-challenge-simulate-a-coin-toss-experiment.py

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# 8.8 - Challenge: Simulate a Coin Toss Experiement
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# Alternative solution to challenge
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# Simulate the results of a series of coin tosses and track the results
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# This one is tricky to structure correctly. Try writing out the logic before
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# you start coding. Some additional pointers if you're stuck:
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# 1. You will need to use a `for` loop over a range of trials.
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# 2. For each trial, first you should check the outcome of the first flip.
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# 3. Make sure you add the first flip to the total number of flips.
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# 4. After the first toss, you'll need another loop to keep flipping while you
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# get the same result as the first flip.
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import random
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def coin_flip():
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"""Randomly return 'heads' or 'tails'."""
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if random.randint(0, 1) == 0:
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return "heads"
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else:
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return "tails"
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flips = 0
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num_trials = 10_000
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for trial in range(num_trials):
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# Flip the coin once and increment the flips tally by 1
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first_flip = coin_flip()
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flips = flips + 1
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# Continue flipping the coin and updating the tally until
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# a different result is returned by coin_flips()
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while coin_flip() == first_flip:
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flips = flips + 1
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# Increment the flip tally once more to account for the
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# final flip with a different result
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flips = flips + 1
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avg_flips_per_trial = flips / num_trials
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print(f"The average number of flips per trial is {avg_flips_per_trial}.")

‎ch08-conditional-logic/8c-challenge-simulate-a-coin-toss-experiment.py

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# 8.8 - Challenge: Simulate a Coin Toss Experiement
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# Alternative solution to challenge using functions
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# Simulate the results of a series of coin tosses and track the results
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# This one is tricky to structure correctly. Try writing out the logic before
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# you start coding. Some additional pointers if you're stuck:
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# 1. You will need to use a `for` loop over a range of trials.
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# 2. For each trial, first you should check the outcome of the first flip.
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# 3. Make sure you add the first flip to the total number of flips.
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# 4. After the first toss, you'll need another loop to keep flipping while you
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# get the same result as the first flip.
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from random import randint
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def single_trial():
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toss = randint(0, 1)
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total_flips = 1
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while toss == randint(0, 1):
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total_flips += 1
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toss = randint(0, 1)
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total_flips += 1
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return total_flips
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def flip_trial_avg(num_trials):
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total = 0
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for trial in range(num_trials):
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total += single_trial()
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return total / num_trials
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print(f"The average number of coin flips was {flip_trial_avg(10000)}")

‎ch08-conditional-logic/9-challenge-simulate-an-election.py

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# 8.9 - Challenge: Simulate an Election
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# Solution to challenge
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# Simulate the results of an election using a Monte Carlo simulation
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from random import random
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total_A_wins = 0
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total_B_wins = 0
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trials = 10_000
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for trial in range(0, trials):
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A_win = 0
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B_win = 0
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if random() < 0.87: # 1st region
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A_win += 1
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else:
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B_win += 1
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if random() < 0.65: # 2nd region
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A_win += 1
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else:
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B_win += 1
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if random() < 0.17: # 3rd region
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A_win += 1
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else:
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B_win += 1
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# Determine overall election outcome
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if A_win > B_win:
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total_A_wins += 1
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else:
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total_B_wins += 1
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print(f"Probability A wins: {total_A_wins / trials}")
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print(f"Probability B wins: {total_B_wins / trials}")

‎ch09-lists-and-dictionaries/2-challenge-list-of-lists.py

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# 9.2 - Challenge: List of Lists
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# Solution to challenge
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def enrollment_stats(list_of_universities):
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# Variables
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total_students = []
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total_tuition = []
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# Iterate through lists, adding values
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for university in list_of_universities:
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total_students.append(university[1])
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total_tuition.append(university[2])
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# Return variables
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return total_students, total_tuition
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def mean(my_list):
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if len(my_list) == 0:
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return "The list is empty"
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list_sum = 0
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for i in range(len(my_list)):
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list_sum += float(my_list[i])
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return int(list_sum / len(my_list))
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def median(my_list):
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sorts = sorted(my_list)
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length = len(sorts)
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if not length % 2:
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return (sorts[int(length / 2)] + sorts[int(length / 2 - 1)]) / 2.0
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return sorts[int(length / 2)]
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universities = [
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["California Institute of Technology", 2175, 37704],
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["Harvard", 19627, 39849],
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["Massachusetts Institute of Technology", 10566, 40732],
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["Princeton", 7802, 37000],
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["Rice", 5879, 35551],
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["Stanford", 19535, 40569],
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["Yale", 11701, 40500],
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]
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totals = enrollment_stats(universities)
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print("\n")
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print("*****" * 5)
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print(f"Total students: {sum(totals[0])}")
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print(f"Total tuition: $ {sum(totals[1])}")
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print(f"\nStudent mean: {mean(totals[0])}")
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print(f"Student median: {median(totals[0])}")
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print(f"\nTuition mean: $ {mean(totals[1])}")
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print(f"Tuition median: $ {median(totals[1])}")
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print("*****" * 5)
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print("\n")

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