diff --git a/Lib/test/test_posixpath.py b/Lib/test/test_posixpath.py
index 9f54311d2ad60b..cc4fd2f4c9512c 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_posixpath.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_posixpath.py
@@ -347,11 +347,16 @@ def test_expanduser_pwd(self):
                      "no home directory on VxWorks")
     def test_expanduser_pwd2(self):
         pwd = import_helper.import_module('pwd')
-        for entry in pwd.getpwall():
-            name = entry.pw_name
+        for all_entry in pwd.getpwall():
+            name = all_entry.pw_name
+
+            # gh-121200: pw_dir can be different between getpwall() and
+            # getpwnam(), so use getpwnam() pw_dir as expanduser() does.
+            entry = pwd.getpwnam(name)
             home = entry.pw_dir
             home = home.rstrip('/') or '/'
-            with self.subTest(pwd=entry):
+
+            with self.subTest(all_entry=all_entry, entry=entry):
                 self.assertEqual(posixpath.expanduser('~' + name), home)
                 self.assertEqual(posixpath.expanduser(os.fsencode('~' + name)),
                                  os.fsencode(home))
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Tests/2024-07-01-16-15-06.gh-issue-121200.4Pc-gc.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Tests/2024-07-01-16-15-06.gh-issue-121200.4Pc-gc.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..01e0d9b9f217d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Tests/2024-07-01-16-15-06.gh-issue-121200.4Pc-gc.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Fix ``test_expanduser_pwd2()`` of ``test_posixpath``.  Call ``getpwnam()``
+to get ``pw_dir``, since it can be different than ``getpwall()`` ``pw_dir``.
+Patch by Victor Stinner.