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API"}],"lineInfo":{"truncatedLoc":"277","truncatedSloc":"185"},"mode":"file"},"image":false,"isCodeownersFile":null,"isPlain":false,"isValidLegacyIssueTemplate":false,"issueTemplate":null,"discussionTemplate":null,"language":"reStructuredText","languageID":419,"large":false,"planSupportInfo":{"repoIsFork":null,"repoOwnedByCurrentUser":null,"requestFullPath":"/python/cpython/blob/main/Doc/library/importlib.resources.rst","showFreeOrgGatedFeatureMessage":null,"showPlanSupportBanner":null,"upgradeDataAttributes":null,"upgradePath":null},"publishBannersInfo":{"dismissActionNoticePath":"/settings/dismiss-notice/publish_action_from_dockerfile","releasePath":"/python/cpython/releases/new?marketplace=true","showPublishActionBanner":false},"rawBlobUrl":"https://github.com/python/cpython/raw/refs/heads/main/Doc/library/importlib.resources.rst","renderImageOrRaw":false,"richText":"\u003carticle class=\"markdown-body entry-content container-lg\" itemprop=\"text\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#id1\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"user-content-id2\"\u003e:mod:`!importlib.resources`\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e -- Package resource reading, opening and access\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-modimportlibresources----package-resource-reading-opening-and-access\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: :mod:`!importlib.resources` -- Package resource reading, opening and access\" href=\"#modimportlibresources----package-resource-reading-opening-and-access\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e.. module:: importlib.resources\n :synopsis: Package resource reading, opening, and access\n\n\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSource code:\u003c/strong\u003e \u003ca href=\"#id3\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"user-content-id4\"\u003e:source:`Lib/importlib/resources/__init__.py`\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e.. versionadded:: 3.7\n\n\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThis module leverages Python's import system to provide access to \u003cem\u003eresources\u003c/em\u003e\nwithin \u003cem\u003epackages\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\"Resources\" are file-like resources associated with a module or package in\nPython. The resources may be contained directly in a package, within a\nsubdirectory contained in that package, or adjacent to modules outside a\npackage. Resources may be text or binary. As a result, Python module sources\n(.py) of a package and compilation artifacts (pycache) are technically\nde-facto resources of that package. In practice, however, resources are\nprimarily those non-Python artifacts exposed specifically by the package\nauthor.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eResources can be opened or read in either binary or text mode.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eResources are roughly akin to files inside directories, though it's important\nto keep in mind that this is just a metaphor. Resources and packages \u003cstrong\u003edo\nnot\u003c/strong\u003e have to exist as physical files and directories on the file system:\nfor example, a package and its resources can be imported from a zip file using\n\u003ca href=\"#id5\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"user-content-id6\"\u003e:py:mod:`zipimport`\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eNote\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThis module provides functionality similar to \u003ca href=\"https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/pkg_resources.html\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003epkg_resources\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/pkg_resources.html#basic-resource-access\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003eBasic\nResource Access\u003c/a\u003e\nwithout the performance overhead of that package. This makes reading\nresources included in packages easier, with more stable and consistent\nsemantics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe standalone backport of this module provides more information\non \u003ca href=\"https://importlib-resources.readthedocs.io/en/latest/using.html\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003eusing importlib.resources\u003c/a\u003e and\n\u003ca href=\"https://importlib-resources.readthedocs.io/en/latest/migration.html\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003emigrating from pkg_resources to importlib.resources\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#id7\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"user-content-id8\"\u003e:class:`Loaders \u0026lt;importlib.abc.Loader\u0026gt;`\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e that wish to support resource reading should implement a\n\u003ccode\u003eget_resource_reader(fullname)\u003c/code\u003e method as specified by\n\u003ca href=\"#id9\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"user-content-id10\"\u003e:class:`importlib.resources.abc.ResourceReader`\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eRepresents an anchor for resources, either a \u003ca href=\"#id11\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"user-content-id12\"\u003e:class:`module object\n\u0026lt;types.ModuleType\u0026gt;`\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e or a module name as a string. Defined as\n\u003ccode\u003eUnion[str, ModuleType]\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e.. function:: files(anchor: Optional[Anchor] = None)\n\n Returns a :class:`~importlib.resources.abc.Traversable` object\n representing the resource container (think directory) and its resources\n (think files). A Traversable may contain other containers (think\n subdirectories).\n\n *anchor* is an optional :class:`Anchor`. If the anchor is a\n package, resources are resolved from that package. If a module,\n resources are resolved adjacent to that module (in the same package\n or the package root). If the anchor is omitted, the caller's module\n is used.\n\n .. versionadded:: 3.9\n\n .. versionchanged:: 3.12\n *package* parameter was renamed to *anchor*. *anchor* can now\n be a non-package module and if omitted will default to the caller's\n module. *package* is still accepted for compatibility but will raise\n a :exc:`DeprecationWarning`. Consider passing the anchor positionally or\n using ``importlib_resources \u0026gt;= 5.10`` for a compatible interface\n on older Pythons.\n\n\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e.. function:: as_file(traversable)\n\n Given a :class:`~importlib.resources.abc.Traversable` object representing\n a file or directory, typically from :func:`importlib.resources.files`,\n return a context manager for use in a :keyword:`with` statement.\n The context manager provides a :class:`pathlib.Path` object.\n\n Exiting the context manager cleans up any temporary file or directory\n created when the resource was extracted from e.g. a zip file.\n\n Use ``as_file`` when the Traversable methods\n (``read_text``, etc) are insufficient and an actual file or directory on\n the file system is required.\n\n .. versionadded:: 3.9\n\n .. versionchanged:: 3.12\n Added support for *traversable* representing a directory.\n\n\n\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003ca name=\"user-content-functional-api\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eFunctional API\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-functional-api\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Functional API\" href=\"#functional-api\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eA set of simplified, backwards-compatible helpers is available.\nThese allow common operations in a single function call.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eFor all the following functions:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eanchor\u003c/em\u003e is an \u003ca href=\"#id13\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"user-content-id14\"\u003e:class:`~importlib.resources.Anchor`\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e,\nas in \u003ca href=\"#id15\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"user-content-id16\"\u003e:func:`~importlib.resources.files`\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e.\nUnlike in \u003ccode\u003efiles\u003c/code\u003e, it may not be omitted.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003cem\u003epath_names\u003c/em\u003e are components of a resource's path name, relative to\nthe anchor.\nFor example, to get the text of resource named \u003ccode\u003einfo.txt\u003c/code\u003e, use:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003eimportlib.resources.read_text(my_module, \"info.txt\")\n\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eLike \u003ca href=\"#id17\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"user-content-id18\"\u003e:meth:`Traversable.joinpath \u0026lt;importlib.resources.abc.Traversable\u0026gt;`\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e,\nThe individual components should use forward slashes (\u003ccode\u003e/\u003c/code\u003e)\nas path separators.\nFor example, the following are equivalent:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003eimportlib.resources.read_binary(my_module, \"pics/painting.png\")\nimportlib.resources.read_binary(my_module, \"pics\", \"painting.png\")\n\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eFor backward compatibility reasons, functions that read text require\nan explicit \u003cem\u003eencoding\u003c/em\u003e argument if multiple \u003cem\u003epath_names\u003c/em\u003e are given.\nFor example, to get the text of \u003ccode\u003einfo/chapter1.txt\u003c/code\u003e, use:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003eimportlib.resources.read_text(my_module, \"info\", \"chapter1.txt\",\n encoding='utf-8')\n\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e.. function:: open_binary(anchor, *path_names)\n\n Open the named resource for binary reading.\n\n See :ref:`the introduction \u0026lt;importlib_resources_functional\u0026gt;` for\n details on *anchor* and *path_names*.\n\n This function returns a :class:`~typing.BinaryIO` object,\n that is, a binary stream open for reading.\n\n This function is roughly equivalent to::\n\n files(anchor).joinpath(*path_names).open('rb')\n\n .. versionchanged:: 3.13\n Multiple *path_names* are accepted.\n\n\n\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e.. function:: open_text(anchor, *path_names, encoding='utf-8', errors='strict')\n\n Open the named resource for text reading.\n By default, the contents are read as strict UTF-8.\n\n See :ref:`the introduction \u0026lt;importlib_resources_functional\u0026gt;` for\n details on *anchor* and *path_names*.\n *encoding* and *errors* have the same meaning as in built-in :func:`open`.\n\n For backward compatibility reasons, the *encoding* argument must be given\n explicitly if there are multiple *path_names*.\n This limitation is scheduled to be removed in Python 3.15.\n\n This function returns a :class:`~typing.TextIO` object,\n that is, a text stream open for reading.\n\n This function is roughly equivalent to::\n\n files(anchor).joinpath(*path_names).open('r', encoding=encoding)\n\n .. versionchanged:: 3.13\n Multiple *path_names* are accepted.\n *encoding* and *errors* must be given as keyword arguments.\n\n\n\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e.. function:: read_binary(anchor, *path_names)\n\n Read and return the contents of the named resource as :class:`bytes`.\n\n See :ref:`the introduction \u0026lt;importlib_resources_functional\u0026gt;` for\n details on *anchor* and *path_names*.\n\n This function is roughly equivalent to::\n\n files(anchor).joinpath(*path_names).read_bytes()\n\n .. versionchanged:: 3.13\n Multiple *path_names* are accepted.\n\n\n\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e.. function:: read_text(anchor, *path_names, encoding='utf-8', errors='strict')\n\n Read and return the contents of the named resource as :class:`str`.\n By default, the contents are read as strict UTF-8.\n\n See :ref:`the introduction \u0026lt;importlib_resources_functional\u0026gt;` for\n details on *anchor* and *path_names*.\n *encoding* and *errors* have the same meaning as in built-in :func:`open`.\n\n For backward compatibility reasons, the *encoding* argument must be given\n explicitly if there are multiple *path_names*.\n This limitation is scheduled to be removed in Python 3.15.\n\n This function is roughly equivalent to::\n\n files(anchor).joinpath(*path_names).read_text(encoding=encoding)\n\n .. versionchanged:: 3.13\n Multiple *path_names* are accepted.\n *encoding* and *errors* must be given as keyword arguments.\n\n\n\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e.. function:: path(anchor, *path_names)\n\n Provides the path to the *resource* as an actual file system path. This\n function returns a context manager for use in a :keyword:`with` statement.\n The context manager provides a :class:`pathlib.Path` object.\n\n Exiting the context manager cleans up any temporary files created, e.g.\n when the resource needs to be extracted from a zip file.\n\n For example, the :meth:`~pathlib.Path.stat` method requires\n an actual file system path; it can be used like this::\n\n with importlib.resources.path(anchor, \"resource.txt\") as fspath:\n result = fspath.stat()\n\n See :ref:`the introduction \u0026lt;importlib_resources_functional\u0026gt;` for\n details on *anchor* and *path_names*.\n\n This function is roughly equivalent to::\n\n as_file(files(anchor).joinpath(*path_names))\n\n .. versionchanged:: 3.13\n Multiple *path_names* are accepted.\n *encoding* and *errors* must be given as keyword arguments.\n\n\n\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e.. function:: is_resource(anchor, *path_names)\n\n Return ``True`` if the named resource exists, otherwise ``False``.\n This function does not consider directories to be resources.\n\n See :ref:`the introduction \u0026lt;importlib_resources_functional\u0026gt;` for\n details on *anchor* and *path_names*.\n\n This function is roughly equivalent to::\n\n files(anchor).joinpath(*path_names).is_file()\n\n .. versionchanged:: 3.13\n Multiple *path_names* are accepted.\n\n\n\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e.. function:: contents(anchor, *path_names)\n\n Return an iterable over the named items within the package or path.\n The iterable returns names of resources (e.g. files) and non-resources\n (e.g. directories) as :class:`str`.\n The iterable does not recurse into subdirectories.\n\n See :ref:`the introduction \u0026lt;importlib_resources_functional\u0026gt;` for\n details on *anchor* and *path_names*.\n\n This function is roughly equivalent to::\n\n for resource in files(anchor).joinpath(*path_names).iterdir():\n yield resource.name\n\n .. deprecated:: 3.11\n Prefer ``iterdir()`` as above, which offers more control over the\n results and richer functionality.\n\u003c/pre\u003e\n\n\u003c/article\u003e","renderedFileInfo":null,"shortPath":null,"symbolsEnabled":true,"tabSize":8,"topBannersInfo":{"overridingGlobalFundingFile":false,"globalPreferredFundingPath":"/python/.github/blob/5a0a7cb55767fb3667fe2391bcb66bda638edcb4/FUNDING.yml","showInvalidCitationWarning":false,"citationHelpUrl":"https://docs.github.com/github/creating-cloning-and-archiving-repositories/creating-a-repository-on-github/about-citation-files","actionsOnboardingTip":null},"truncated":false,"viewable":true,"workflowRedirectUrl":null,"symbols":{"timed_out":false,"not_analyzed":true,"symbols":[]}},"copilotInfo":null,"copilotAccessAllowed":false,"modelsAccessAllowed":false,"modelsRepoIntegrationEnabled":false,"csrf_tokens":{"/python/cpython/branches":{"post":"8Ys8kwCZ8yxn_LBlSmNwS5d1_tyzLw4Plk2PhX-P24GtVnWI9lWSNTf8wEhV86UCNngQ4BhvjUQ1X5bQQEcZSQ"},"/repos/preferences":{"post":"uuQDU6-biraUjUy6GZCFtkX2MLHLT3nHk2L3E1YmoBKqwIab3YIvd3luunAUGy6c0JQiU4D78dCqfyAaOKdSjA"}}},"title":"cpython/Doc/library/importlib.resources.rst at main · python/cpython","appPayload":{"helpUrl":"https://docs.github.com","findFileWorkerPath":"/assets-cdn/worker/find-file-worker-7d7eb7c71814.js","findInFileWorkerPath":"/assets-cdn/worker/find-in-file-worker-1ae9fa256942.js","githubDevUrl":null,"enabled_features":{"code_nav_ui_events":false,"react_blob_overlay":false,"accessible_code_button":true,"github_models_repo_integration":false}}}
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