How to issue an xarray release in 16 easy steps

Time required: about an hour.

These instructions assume that upstream refers to the main repository:

$ git remote -v
{...}
upstream        https://github.com/pydata/xarray (fetch)
upstream        https://github.com/pydata/xarray (push)

Ensure your main branch is synced to upstream:
```
git switch main
git pull upstream main
```
Add a list of contributors. First fetch all previous release tags so we can see the version number of the last release was:
```
git fetch upstream --tags
```
Then run
```
python ci/release_contributors.py
```
(needs gitpython and toolz / cytoolz)

and copy the output.
Write a release summary: ~50 words describing the high level features. This will be used in the release emails, tweets, GitHub release notes, etc.
Look over whats-new.rst and the docs. Make sure "What's New" is complete (check the date!) and add the release summary at the top. Things to watch out for:
- Important new features should be highlighted towards the top.
- Function/method references should include links to the API docs.
- Sometimes notes get added in the wrong section of whats-new, typically due to a bad merge. Check for these before a release by using git diff, e.g., git diff v{YYYY.MM.X-1} whats-new.rst where {YYYY.MM.X-1} is the previous release.
Open a PR with the release summary and whatsnew changes; in particular the release headline should get feedback from the team on what's important to include.
After merging, again ensure your main branch is synced to upstream:
```
git pull upstream main
```
If you have any doubts, run the full test suite one final time!
```
pytest
```
Check that the ReadTheDocs build is passing on the latest build version (which is built from the main branch).
Issue the release on GitHub. Click on "Draft a new release" at https://github.com/pydata/xarray/releases. Type in the version number (with a "v") and paste the release summary in the notes.
This should automatically trigger an upload of the new build to PyPI via GitHub Actions. Check this has run here, and that the version number you expect is displayed on PyPI

Add a section for the next release {YYYY.MM.X+1} to doc/whats-new.rst (we avoid doing this earlier so that it doesn't show up in the RTD build):

.. _whats-new.YYYY.MM.X+1:

vYYYY.MM.X+1 (unreleased)
-----------------------

New Features
~~~~~~~~~~~~


Breaking changes
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


Deprecations
~~~~~~~~~~~~


Bug fixes
~~~~~~~~~


Documentation
~~~~~~~~~~~~~


Internal Changes
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Commit your changes and push to main again:
```
git commit -am 'New whatsnew section'
git push upstream main
```
You're done pushing to main!
Update the version available on pyodide:
- Open the PyPI page for Xarray downloads
- Edit pyodide/packages/xarray/meta.yaml to update the
  - version number
  - link to the wheel (under "Built Distribution" on the PyPI page)
  - SHA256 hash (Click "Show Hashes" next to the link to the wheel)
- Open a pull request to pyodide
Issue the release announcement to mailing lists & Twitter. For bug fix releases, I usually only email xarray@googlegroups.com. For major/feature releases, I will email a broader list (no more than once every 3-6 months):
Google search will turn up examples of prior release announcements (look for "ANN xarray"). Some of these groups require you to be subscribed in order to email them.

Note on version numbering

As of 2022.03.0, we utilize the CALVER version system. Specifically, we have adopted the pattern YYYY.MM.X, where YYYY is a 4-digit year (e.g. 2022), 0M is a 2-digit zero-padded month (e.g. 01 for January), and X is the release number (starting at zero at the start of each month and incremented once for each additional release).

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