LoxiLB Quick Start Guide with Calico

This guide will explain how to:

Deploy a single-node K3s cluster with calico networking
Expose services with loxilb as an external load balancer

Pre-requisite

Single node with Linux
Install docker runtime to manage loxilb

Topology

For quickly bringing up loxilb with K3s and calico, we will be deploying all components in a single node :

loxilb is run as a docker and will use macvlan for the incoming traffic. This is to mimic a topology close to cloud-hosted k8s where LB nodes run outside a cluster. loxilb can be used in more complex in-cluster mode as well, but not used here for simplicity.

Install loxilb docker

## Set underlying interface of the VM/cluster-node to promisc mode for mac-vlan to work
sudo ifconfig eth1 promisc

## Run loxilb
sudo docker run -u root --cap-add SYS_ADMIN --restart unless-stopped --privileged --entrypoint /root/loxilb-io/loxilb/loxilb -dit -v /dev/log:/dev/log  --name loxilb ghcr.io/loxilb-io/loxilb:latest

# Create mac-vlan on top of underlying eth1 interface
sudo docker network create -d macvlan -o parent=eth1 --subnet 192.168.82.0/24   --gateway 192.168.82.1 --aux-address 'host=192.168.82.252' llbnet

# Assign mac-vlan to loxilb docker with specified IP (which will be used as LB VIP)
# Please note that this node should already have an IP assigned belonging to the same subnet on underlying interface
sudo docker network connect llbnet loxilb --ip=192.168.82.100

# Add iptables rule to allow traffic from source/host IP(192.168.82.1) to loxilb
sudo iptables -A DOCKER -s 192.168.82.1 -j ACCEPT

All the above steps related to docker setup can be further automated using docker-compose.

Setup K3s with Calico

# Install IPVS
sudo apt-get -y install ipset ipvsadm

# Install K3s with Calico and kube-proxy in IPVS mode
curl -sfL https://get.k3s.io | INSTALL_K3S_EXEC="--disable traefik,metrics-server,servicelb --disable-cloud-controller --kubelet-arg cloud-provider=external --flannel-backend=none --disable-network-policy" K3S_KUBECONFIG_MODE="644" sh -s - server --kube-proxy-arg proxy-mode=ipvs

# Install Calico
kubectl $KUBECONFIG create -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/projectcalico/calico/v3.26.0/manifests/tigera-operator.yaml

kubectl $KUBECONFIG create -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/projectcalico/calico/v3.26.0/manifests/custom-resources.yaml

# Remove taints in k3s if any (usually happens if started without cloud-manager)
sudo kubectl taint nodes --all node.cloudprovider.kubernetes.io/uninitialized=false:NoSchedule-

How to deploy kube-loxilb ?

kube-loxilb is used to deploy loxilb with Kubernetes.

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/loxilb-io/kube-loxilb/main/manifest/ext-cluster/kube-loxilb.yaml

kube-loxilb.yaml

        args:
            - --loxiURL=http://172.17.0.2:11111
            - --externalCIDR=192.168.82.100/32
            - --setMode=1

In the above snippet, loxiURL uses docker interface IP of loxilb, which can be different for each setup.

Apply in k8s:

kubectl apply -f kube-loxilb.yaml

Create the service

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/loxilb-io/loxilb/main/cicd/docker-k3s-cilium/tcp-svc-lb.yml

Check the status

In k3s:

kubectl get svc
NAME            TYPE           CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP          PORT(S)           AGE
kubernetes      ClusterIP      10.43.0.1       <none>               443/TCP           2m48s
tcp-lb-onearm   LoadBalancer   10.43.183.123   llb-192.168.82.100   56002:30001/TCP   30s

In loxilb docker:

$ sudo docker exec -it loxilb loxicmd get lb -o wide
|   EXT IP       | SEC IPS | PORT  | PROTO |         NAME          | MARK | SEL |  MODE  | ENDPOINT  | EPORT | WEIGHT | STATE  | COUNTERS |
|----------------|---------|-------|-------|-----------------------|------|-----|--------|-----------|-------|--------|--------|----------|
| 192.168.82.100 |         | 56002 | tcp   | default_tcp-lb-onearm |    0 | rr  | onearm | 10.0.2.15 | 30001 |      1 | active | 0:0   |

Connect from host/client

$ curl http://192.168.82.100:56002
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

All of the above steps are also available as part of loxilb CICD workflow. Follow the steps below to replicate the above:

$ cd cicd/docker-k3s-calico/

# To setup the single node k3s setup with calico as CNI and loxilb as external load balancer
$ ./config.sh

# To validate the results
$ ./validation.sh

# Cleanup
$ ./rmconfig.sh

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