Python-lambda is a toolset for developing and deploying serverless Python code in AWS Lambda.
With python-lambda and pytube both continuing to gain momentum, I'm calling for contributors to help build out new features, review pull requests, fix bugs, and maintain overall code quality. If you're interested, please email me at nficano[at]gmail.com.
AWS Lambda is a service that allows you to write Python, Java, or Node.js code that gets executed in response to events like http requests or files uploaded to S3.
Working with Lambda is relatively easy, but the process of bundling and deploying your code is not as simple as it could be.
The Python-Lambda library takes away the guess work of developing your Python-Lambda services by providing you a toolset to streamline the annoying parts.
- Python 2.7, >= 3.6 (At the time of writing this, these are the Python runtimes supported by AWS Lambda).
- Pip (~8.1.1)
- Virtualenv (~15.0.0)
- Virtualenvwrapper (~4.7.1)
First, you must create an IAM Role on your AWS account called
lambda_basic_execution with the LambdaBasicExecution policy attached.
On your computer, create a new virtualenv and project folder.
$ mkvirtualenv pylambda
(pylambda) $ mkdir pylambdaNext, download Python-Lambda using pip via pypi.
(pylambda) $ pip install python-lambdaFrom your pylambda directory, run the following to bootstrap your project.
(pylambda) $ lambda initThis will create the following files: event.json, __init__.py,
service.py, and config.yaml.
Let's begin by opening config.yaml in the text editor of your choice. For
the purpose of this tutorial, the only required information is
aws_access_key_id and aws_secret_access_key. You can find these by
logging into the AWS management console.
Next let's open service.py, in here you'll find the following function:
def handler(event, context):
# Your code goes here!
e = event.get('e')
pi = event.get('pi')
return e + piThis is the handler function; this is the function AWS Lambda will invoke in
response to an event. You will notice that in the sample code e and pi
are values in a dict. AWS Lambda uses the event parameter to pass in
event data to the handler.
So if, for example, your function is responding to an http request, event
will be the POST JSON data and if your function returns something, the
contents will be in your http response payload.
Next let's open the event.json file:
{
"pi": 3.14,
"e": 2.718
}Here you'll find the values of e and pi that are being referenced in
the sample code.
If you now try and run:
(pylambda) $ lambda invoke -vYou will get:
# 5.858
# execution time: 0.00000310s
# function execution timeout: 15sAs you probably put together, the lambda invoke command grabs the values
stored in the event.json file and passes them to your function.
The event.json file should help you develop your Lambda service locally.
You can specify an alternate event.json file by passing the
--event-file=<filename>.json argument to lambda invoke.
When you're ready to deploy your code to Lambda simply run:
(pylambda) $ lambda deployThe deploy script will evaluate your virtualenv and identify your project dependencies. It will package these up along with your handler function to a zip file that it then uploads to AWS Lambda.
You can now log into the AWS Lambda management console to verify the code deployed successfully.
If you're looking to develop a simple microservice you can easily wire your function up to an http endpoint.
Begin by navigating to your AWS Lambda management console and clicking on your function. Click the API Endpoints tab and click "Add API endpoint".
Under API endpoint type select "API Gateway".
Next change Method to POST and Security to "Open" and click submit (NOTE:
you should secure this for use in production, open security is used for demo
purposes).
At last you need to change the return value of the function to comply with the standard defined for the API Gateway endpoint, the function should now look like this:
def handler(event, context):
# Your code goes here!
e = event.get('e')
pi = event.get('pi')
return {
"statusCode": 200,
"headers": { "Content-Type": "application/json"},
"body": e + pi
}
Now try and run:
$ curl --header "Content-Type:application/json" \
--request POST \
--data '{"pi": 3.14, "e": 2.718}' \
https://<API endpoint URL>
# 5.8580000000000005Lambda functions support environment variables. In order to set environment
variables for your deployed code to use, you can configure them in
config.yaml. To load the value for the environment variable at the time of
deployment (instead of hard coding them in your configuration file), you can
use local environment values (see 'env3' in example code below).
environment_variables:
env1: foo
env2: baz
env3: ${LOCAL_ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE_NAME}This would create environment variables in the lambda instance upon deploy. If your functions don't need environment variables, simply leave this section out of your config.
You may find that you do not need the toolkit to fully
deploy your Lambda or that your code bundle is too large to upload via the API.
You can use the upload command to send the bundle to an S3 bucket of your
choosing. Before doing this, you will need to set the following variables in
config.yaml:
role: basic_s3_upload
bucket_name: 'example-bucket'
s3_key_prefix: 'path/to/file/'Your role must have s3:PutObject permission on the bucket/key that you
specify for the upload to work properly. Once you have that set, you can
execute lambda upload to initiate the transfer.
You can also choose to use S3 as your source for Lambda deployments. This can
be done by issuing lambda deploy-s3 with the same variables/AWS permissions
you'd set for executing the upload command.
Development of "python-lambda" is facilitated exclusively on GitHub. Contributions in the form of patches, tests and feature creation and/or requests are very welcome and highly encouraged. Please open an issue if this tool does not function as you'd expect.
- Install pipenv
- Install direnv
- Install Precommit (optional but preferred)
cdinto the project and enter "direnv allow" when prompted. This will begin installing all the development dependancies.- If you installed pre-commit, run
pre-commit installinside the project directory to setup the githooks.
Once you pushed your chances to master, run one of the following:
# If you're installing a major release:
make deploy-major
# If you're installing a minor release:
make deploy-minor
# If you're installing a patch release:
make deploy-patch