8000 Added slides for C++ fundamentals (part 2) · estimand/intro-to-cpp@6655578 · GitHub
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Added slides for C++ fundamentals (part 2)
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‎04_cpp_fundamentals_2/slides/cpp_fundamentals_2.pdf

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‎04_cpp_fundamentals_2/slides/cpp_fundamentals_2.tex

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\input{../../_common/preamble}
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\title{C++ fundamentals}
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\subtitle{Part 2}
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\begin{document}
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\maketitle
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\begin{frame}[fragile]{Libraries}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Standard ANSI C library (e.g.\ \mintinline{cpp}{cmath})
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\item C++ libraries (e.g.\ \mintinline{cpp}{iostream})
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\item Standard Template Library (e.g.\ \mintinline{cpp}{vector})
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\item Third-party libraries
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\section{I/O streams}
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\begin{frame}[fragile]{Standard streams}
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\mintinline{cpp}{iostream} declares the standard streams:
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\begin{description}
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\item[\mintinline{cpp}{cin}] Standard input (keyboard)
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\item[\mintinline{cpp}{cout}] Standard output (screen)
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\item[\mintinline{cpp}{cerr}] Standard error (screen)
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\end{description}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item[$\rightarrow$] \mintinline{cpp}{cin} is an
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\mintinline{cpp}{istream}
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\item[$\rightarrow$] \mintinline{cpp}{cout} and \mintinline{cpp}{cerr}
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are \mintinline{cpp}{ostream}s
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}[fragile]{File streams}
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\mintinline{cpp}{fstream} declares\ldots
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\begin{itemize}
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\item \mintinline{cpp}{ifstream} to read from files
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\item \mintinline{cpp}{ofstream} to write to files
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}[fragile]{File input}
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\begin{onlyenv}<1>
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\begin{block}{Steps}
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item Construct an \mintinline{cpp}{istream}
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\item Connect it to a file
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\item Read from it using \mintinline{cpp}{<<}
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\item Disconnect the file
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\end{enumerate}
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\end{block}
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\end{onlyenv}
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\begin{onlyenv}<2>
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\begin{cpp}
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#include <fstream>
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ifstream input;
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input.open(filename, mode);
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// Alternatively:
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ifstream input(filename, mode);
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// ...
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input.close()
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\end{cpp}
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\end{onlyenv}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}[fragile]{File output}
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\begin{onlyenv}<1>
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\begin{block}{Steps}
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item Construct an \mintinline{cpp}{ostream}
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\item Connect it to a file
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\item Write to it using \mintinline{cpp}{>>}
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\item Disconnect the file
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\end{enumerate}
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\end{block}
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\end{onlyenv}
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\begin{onlyenv}<2>
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\begin{cpp}
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#include <fstream>
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ofstream output;
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output.open(filename, mode);
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// Alternatively:
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ofstream output(filename, mode);
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output.close()
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\end{cpp}
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\end{onlyenv}
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\end{frame}
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\section{Strings and vectors}
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\begin{frame}[fragile]{Strings}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item C represents strings as arrays of \mintinline{cpp}{char}s
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\item In C++, \mintinline{cpp}{string} models character sequences
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\item It also provides functions such as \mintinline{cpp}{length()}
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\end{itemize}
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\begin{cpp}
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#include <string>
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string s("Test");
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cout << s.length() << endl;
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\end{cpp}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}[fragile]{Vectors}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item \mintinline{cpp}{vector} represents dynamically\hyp{}sized vectors
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\item It provides functions to add and remove elements
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\end{itemize}
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\begin{cpp}
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#include <vector>
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vector<int> v(10);
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cout << v.length() << endl;
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\end{cpp}
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\end{frame}
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\section{Useful third-party libraries}
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\begin{frame}{Boost}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item A large collection of general\hyp{}purpose libraries
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\item Many have been incorporated in the C++ standard over the years
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\end{itemize}
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\begin{flushright}
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\includegraphics[width=0.2\textwidth]{figures/boost}
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\end{flushright}
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\vspace{-2em}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}{Libraries for scientific computing}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item ALGLIB
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\item Armadillo
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\item Blaze
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\item Dlib
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\item Eigen
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\item NAG
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\item \ldots
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\end{document}
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