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[ADD] accounting: add colombian localization docs
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‎accounting/localizations.rst

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localizations/mexico
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localizations/nederlands
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localizations/switzerland
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localizations/colombia

‎accounting/localizations/colombia.rst

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========
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Colombia
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========
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Introduction
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~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Electronic invoicing for Colombia is available from Odoo 12 and
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requires the next modules:
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#. **l11n_co**: All the basic data to manage the accounting module,
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contains the default setup for: chart of accounts, taxes,
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retentions, identification document types
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#. **l10n_co_edi**: This module includes all the extra fields that are
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required for the Integration with Carvajal T&S and generate the
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electronic invoice, based on the DIAN legal requirements.
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Workflow
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~~~~~~~~
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.. image:: media/colombia01.png
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:align: center
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Configuration
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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1. Install the Colombian localization modules
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---------------------------------------------
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For this, go in Apps and search for Colombia. Then click Install for
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the first two modules.
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.. image:: media/colombia02.png
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:align: center
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2. Configure credentials for Carvajal T&S web service
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-----------------------------------------------------
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Once that the modules are installed, in order to be able to connect
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with Carvajal T&S Web Service, it's necessary to configure the user
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and credentials, this information will be provided by Carvajal T&S.
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Go to :menuselection:`Accounting --> Configuration --> Settings` and
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look for the *Colombian Electronic Invoice* section.
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.. image:: media/colombia03.png
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:align: center
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Using the Testing mode it is possible to connect with a Carvajal T&S
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testing environment. This allows users to test the complete workflow
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and integration with the CEN Financiero portal, which is accessible
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here: https://cenfinancierolab.cen.biz
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Once that Odoo and Carvajal T&S is fully configured and ready for
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production the testing environment can be disabled.
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3. Configure your report data
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-----------------------------
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As part of the configurable information that is sent in the XML, you
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can define the data for the fiscal section and the bank information in
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the PDF.
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Go to :menuselection:`Accounting --> Configuration --> Settings` and
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look for the *Colombian Electronic Invoice* section.
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.. image:: media/colombia04.png
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:align: center
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4. Configure data required in the XML
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-------------------------------------
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4.1 Partner
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+++++++++++
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4.1.1 Identification
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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As part of the Colombian Localization, the document types defined by
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the DIAN are now available on the Partner form. Colombian partners
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have to have their identification number and document type set:
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.. image:: media/colombia05.png
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:align: center
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.. tip:: When the document type is RUT the identification number needs
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to be configured in Odoo including the verification digit, Odoo
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will split this number when the data to the third party vendor is
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sent.
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4.1.2 Fiscal structure (RUT)
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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The partner's responsibility codes (section 53 in the RUT document)
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are included as part of the electronic invoice module given that is
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part of the information required by the DIAN .
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These fields can be found in :menuselection:`Partner --> Sales &
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Purchase Tab --> Fiscal Information`
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.. image:: media/colombia06.png
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:align: center
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Additionally two booleans fields were added in order to specify the
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fiscal regimen of the partner.
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4.2 Taxes
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+++++++++
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If your sales transactions include products with taxes, it's important
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to consider that an extra field *Value Type* needs to be configured
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per tax. This option is located in the Advanced Options tab.
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.. image:: media/colombia07.png
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:align: center
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Retention tax types (ICA, IVA, Fuente) are also included in the
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options to configure your taxes. This configuration is used in order
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to correctly display taxes in the invoice PDF.
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.. image:: media/colombia08.png
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:align: center
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4.3 Journals
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++++++++++++
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Once the DIAN has assigned the official sequence and prefix for the
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electronic invoice resolution, the Sales journals related to your
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invoice documents need to be updated in Odoo. The sequence can be
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accessed using developer mode: :menuselection:`Accounting --> Settings
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--> Configuration Setting --> Journals`.
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.. image:: media/colombia09.png
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:align: center
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Once that the sequence is opened, the Prefix and Next Number fields
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should be configured and synchronized with the CEN Financiero.
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.. image:: media/colombia10.png
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:align: center
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4.4 Users
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+++++++++
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The default template that is used by Odoo on the invoice PDF includes
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the job position of the salesperson, so these fields should be
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configured:
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.. image:: media/colombia11.png
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:align: center
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Usage and testing
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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1. Invoice
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----------
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When all your master data and credentials has been configured, it's
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possible to start testing the electronic invoice workflow.
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1.1 Invoice creation
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++++++++++++++++++++
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The functional workflow that takes place before an invoice validation
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doesn't change. The main changes that are introduced with the
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electronic invoice are the next fields:
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.. image:: media/colombia12.png
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:align: center
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There are three types of documents:
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- **Factura Electronica**: This is the regular type of document and
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its applicable for Invoices, Credit Notes and Debit Notes.
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- **Factura de Importación**: This should be selected for importation
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transactions.
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- **Factura de contingencia**: This is an exceptional type that is
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used as a manual backup in case that the company is not able to use
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the ERP and it's necessary to generate the invoice manually, when
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this invoice is added to the ERP, this invoice type should be
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selected.
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1.2 Invoice validation
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++++++++++++++++++++++
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After the invoice is validated an XML file is created and sent
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automatically to Carvajal, this file is displayed in the chatter.
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.. image:: media/colombia13.png
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:align: center
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An extra field is now displayed in "Other Info" tab with the name of
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the XML file. Additionally there is a second extra field that is
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displayed with the Electronic Invoice status, with the initial value
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"In progress":
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.. image:: media/colombia14.png
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:align: center
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1.3 Reception of legal XML and PDF
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++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
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The electronic invoice vendor receives the XML file and proceeds to
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validate the structure and the information in it, if everything is
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correct the invoice status changes to "Validated" after using the
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"Check Carvajal Status" button in the Action dropdown. They then
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proceed to generate a Legal XML which includes a digital signature and
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a unique code (CUFE), a PDF invoice that includes a QR code and the
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CUFE is also generated.
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After this:
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- A ZIP containing the legal XML and the PDF is downloaded and
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displayed in the invoice chatter:
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.. image:: media/colombia15.png
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:align: center
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.. image:: media/colombia16.png
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:align: center
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- The Electronic Invoice status changes to "Accepted"
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1.4 Common errors
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+++++++++++++++++
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During the XML validation the most common errors are usually related
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to missing master data. In such cases, error messages are shown in the
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chatter after updating the electronic invoice status.
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.. image:: media/colombia17.png
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:align: center
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After the master data is corrected, it's possible to reprocess the XML
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with the new data and send the updated version, using the following
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button:
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.. image:: media/colombia18.png
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:align: center
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.. image:: media/colombia19.png
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:align: center
F438 243+
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2. Additional use cases
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-----------------------
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The process for credit and debit notes is exactly the same as the
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invoice, the functional workflow remains the same as well.

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