This action sets up a Python environment for use in actions by:
- optionally installing and adding to PATH a version of Python that is already installed in the tools cache
- downloading, installing and adding to PATH an available version of Python from GitHub Releases (actions/python-versions) if a specific version is not available in the tools cache
- failing if a specific version of Python is not preinstalled or available for download
- registering problem matchers for error output
- Ability to download, install and set up Python packages from
actions/python-versionsthat do not come preinstalled on runners- Allows for pinning to a specific patch version of Python without the worry of it ever being removed or changed
- Automatic setup and download of Python packages if using a self-hosted runner
See action.yml
Basic:
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v2
- uses: actions/setup-python@v2
with:
python-version: '3.x' # Version range or exact version of a Python version to use, using SemVer's version range syntax
architecture: 'x64' # optional x64 or x86. Defaults to x64 if not specified
- run: python my_script.pyMatrix Testing:
jobs:
build:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
strategy:
matrix:
python-version: [ '2.x', '3.x', 'pypy2', 'pypy3' ]
name: Python ${{ matrix.python-version }} sample
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v2
- name: Setup python
uses: actions/setup-python@v2
with:
python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
architecture: x64
- run: python my_script.pyExclude a specific Python version:
jobs:
build:
runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
strategy:
matrix:
os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest, windows-latest]
python-version: [2.7, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, pypy2, pypy3]
exclude:
- os: macos-latest
python-version: 3.8
- os: windows-latest
python-version: 3.6
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v2
- name: Set up Python
uses: actions/setup-python@v2
with:
python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
- name: Display Python version
run: python -c "import sys; print(sys.version)"Download and set up a version of Python that does not come preinstalled on an image:
jobs:
build:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
strategy:
# in this example, there is a newer version already installed, 3.7.7, so the older version will be downloaded
python-version: [3.5, 3.6, 3.7.4, 3.8]
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v2
- uses: actions/setup-python@v2
with:
python-version: ${{ matrix.python }}
- run: python my_script.py
Check out our detailed guide on using Python with GitHub Actions.
setup-python is able to configure Python from two sources:
- Preinstalled versions of Python in the tools cache on GitHub-hosted runners
- For detailed information regarding the available versions of Python that are installed see Software installed on GitHub-hosted runners.
- For every minor version of Python, expect only the latest patch to be preinstalled.
- If
3.8.1is installed for example, and3.8.2is released, expect3.8.1to be removed and replaced by3.8.2in the tools cache. - If the exact patch version doesn't matter to you, specifying just the major and minor version will get you the latest preinstalled patch version. In the previous example, the version spec
3.8will use the3.8.2Python version found in the cache.
- Downloadable Python versions from GitHub Releases (actions/python-versions)
- All available versions are listed in the version-manifest.json file.
- If there is a specific version of Python that is not available, you can open an issue here
GitHub hosted runners have a tools cache that comes with a few versions of Python + PyPy already installed. This tools cache helps speed up runs and tool setup by not requiring any new downloads. There is an environment variable called RUNNER_TOOL_CACHE on each runner that describes the location of this tools cache and there is where you will find Python and PyPy installed. setup-python works by taking a specific version of Python or PyPy in this tools cache and adding it to PATH.
| Location | |
|---|---|
| Tool Cache Directory | RUNNER_TOOL_CACHE |
| Python Tool Cache | RUNNER_TOOL_CACHE/Python/* |
| PyPy Tool Cache | RUNNER_TOOL_CACHE/PyPy/* |
GitHub virtual environments are setup in actions/virtual-environments. During the setup, the available versions of Python and PyPy are automatically downloaded, setup and documented.
If there is a specific version of Python that you need and you don't want to worry about any potential breaking changes due to patch updates (going from 3.7.5 to 3.7.6 for example), you should specify the exact major, minor, and patch version (such as 3.7.5)
- The only downside to this is that set up will take a little longer since the exact version will have to be downloaded if the exact version is not already installed on the runner due to more recent versions.
- MSI installers are used on Windows for this, so runs will take a little longer to set up vs Mac and Linux.
You should specify only a major and minor version if you are okay with the most recent patch version being used.
- There will be a single patch version already installed on each runner for every minor version of Python that is supported.
- The patch version that will be preinstalled, will generally be the latest and every time there is a new patch released, the o 848D lder version that is preinstalled will be replaced.
- Using the most recent patch version will result in a very quick setup since no downloads will be required since a locally installed version Python on the runner will be used.
If you would like to use setup-python and a self-hosted runner, there are a few extra things you need to make sure are set up so that new versions of Python can be downloaded and configured on your runner.
- Your runner needs to be running with administrator privileges so that the appropriate directories and files can be set up when downloading and installing a new version of Python for the first time.
- If your runner is configured as a service, make sure the account that is running the service has the appropriate write permissions so that Python can get installed. The default
NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK SERVICEshould be sufficient. - You need
7zipinstalled and added to yourPATHso that the downloaded versions of Python files can be extracted properly during first-time setup. - MSI installers are used when setting up Python on Windows. A word of caution as MSI installers update registry settings.
- The 3.8 MSI installer for Windows will not let you install another 3.8 version of Python. If
setup-pythonfails for a 3.8 version of Python, make sure any previously installed versions are removed by going to "Apps & Features" in the Settings app.
- The Python packages that are downloaded from
actions/python-versionsare originally compiled from source in/opt/hostedtoolcache/with the --enable-shared flag, which makes them non-relocatable. - Create an environment variable called
AGENT_TOOLSDIRECTORYand set it to/opt/hostedtoolcache. This controls where the runner downloads and installs tools.- In the same shell that your runner is using, type
export AGENT_TOOLSDIRECTORY=/opt/hostedtoolcache - A more permanent way of setting the environment variable is to create a
.envfile in the same directory as your runner and to addAGENT_TOOLSDIRECTORY=/opt/hostedtoolcache. This ensures the variable is always set if your runner is configured as a service.
- In the same shell that your runner is using, type
- Create a directory called
hostedtoolcacheinside/opt. - The user starting the runner must have write permission to the
/opt/hostedtoolcachedirectory. It is not possible to start the Linux runner withsudoand the/optdirectory usually requires root privileges to write to. Check the current user and group that the runner belongs to by typingls -linside the runners root directory. - The runner can be granted write access to the
/opt/hostedtoolcachedirectory using a few techniques:- The user starting the runner is the owner, and the owner has write permission
- The user starting the runner is in the owning group, and the owning group has write permission
- All users have write permission
- One quick way to grant access is to change the user and group of
/opt/hostedtoolcacheto be the same as the runners usingchownsudo chown runner-user:runner-group opt/hostedtoolcache/
- If your runner is configured as a service and you run into problems, make sure the user that the service is running as is correct. For more information, you can check the status of your self-hosted runner.
- The same setup that applies to
Linuxalso applies toMac, just with a different tools cache directory. - Create a directory called
/Users/runner/hostedtoolcache - Set the
AGENT_TOOLSDIRECTORYenvironment variable to/Users/runner/hostedtoolcache. - Change the permissions of
/Users/runner/hostedtoolcacheso that the runner has write access.
setup-python helps keep your dependencies explicit and ensures consistent behavior between different runners. If you use python in a shell on a GitHub hosted runner without setup-python it will default to whatever is in PATH. The default version of Python in PATH vary between runners and can change unexpectedly so we recommend you always use setup-python.
The scripts and documentation in this project are released under the MIT License
Contributions are welcome! See our Contributor's Guide