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bytecode.rs
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//! Implement python as a virtual machine with bytecodes. This module
//! implements bytecode structure.
use bitflags::bitflags;
use num_bigint::BigInt;
use num_complex::Complex64;
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
use std::fmt;
/// Sourcode location.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct Location {
row: usize,
column: usize,
}
impl Location {
pub fn new(row: usize, column: usize) -> Self {
Location { row, column }
}
pub fn row(&self) -> usize {
self.row
}
pub fn column(&self) -> usize {
self.column
}
}
/// Primary container of a single code object. Each python function has
/// a codeobject. Also a module has a codeobject.
#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct CodeObject {
pub instructions: Vec<Instruction>,
/// Jump targets.
pub label_map: HashMap<Label, usize>,
pub locations: Vec<Location>,
pub flags: CodeFlags,
pub arg_names: Vec<String>, // Names of positional arguments
pub varargs: Varargs, // *args or *
pub kwonlyarg_names: Vec<String>,
pub varkeywords: Varargs, // **kwargs or **
pub source_path: String,
pub first_line_number: usize,
pub obj_name: String, // Name of the object that created this code object
}
bitflags! {
#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct CodeFlags: u8 {
const HAS_DEFAULTS = 0x01;
const HAS_KW_ONLY_DEFAULTS = 0x02;
const HAS_ANNOTATIONS = 0x04;
const NEW_LOCALS = 0x08;
const IS_GENERATOR = 0x10;
const IS_COROUTINE = 0x20;
}
}
impl Default for CodeFlags {
fn default() -> Self {
Self::NEW_LOCALS
}
}
impl CodeFlags {
pub const NAME_MAPPING: &'static [(&'static str, CodeFlags)] = &[
("GENERATOR", CodeFlags::IS_GENERATOR),
("COROUTINE", CodeFlags::IS_COROUTINE),
];
}
#[derive(Serialize, Debug, Deserialize, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
pub struct Label(usize);
impl Label {
pub fn new(label: usize) -> Self {
Label(label)
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
/// An indication where the name must be accessed.
pub enum NameScope {
/// The name will be in the local scope.
Local,
/// The name will be located in scope surrounding the current scope.
NonLocal,
/// The name will be in global scope.
Global,
/// The name will be located in any scope between the current scope and the top scope.
Free,
}
/// Transforms a value prior to formatting it.
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub enum ConversionFlag {
/// Converts by calling `str(<value>)`.
Str,
/// Converts by calling `ascii(<value>)`.
Ascii,
/// Converts by calling `repr(<value>)`.
Repr,
}
/// A Single bytecode instruction.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub enum Instruction {
Import {
name: Option<String>,
symbols: Vec<String>,
level: usize,
},
ImportStar,
ImportFrom {
name: String,
},
LoadName {
name: String,
scope: NameScope,
},
StoreName {
name: String,
scope: NameScope,
},
DeleteName {
name: String,
},
Subscript,
StoreSubscript,
DeleteSubscript,
StoreAttr {
name: String,
},
DeleteAttr {
name: String,
},
LoadConst {
value: Constant,
},
UnaryOperation {
op: UnaryOperator,
},
BinaryOperation {
op: BinaryOperator,
inplace: bool,
},
LoadAttr {
name: String,
},
CompareOperation {
op: ComparisonOperator,
},
Pop,
Rotate {
amount: usize,
},
Duplicate,
GetIter,
Continue,
Break,
Jump {
target: Label,
},
/// Pop the top of the stack, and jump if this value is true.
JumpIfTrue {
target: Label,
},
/// Pop the top of the stack, and jump if this value is false.
JumpIfFalse {
target: Label,
},
/// Peek at the top of the stack, and jump if this value is true.
/// Otherwise, pop top of stack.
JumpIfTrueOrPop {
target: Label,
},
/// Peek at the top of the stack, and jump if this value is false.
/// Otherwise, pop top of stack.
JumpIfFalseOrPop {
target: Label,
},
MakeFunction,
CallFunction {
typ: CallType,
},
ForIter {
target: Label,
},
ReturnValue,
YieldValue,
YieldFrom,
SetupLoop {
start: Label,
end: Label,
},
/// Setup a finally handler, which will be called whenever one of this events occurs:
/// - the block is popped
/// - the function returns
/// - an exception is returned
SetupFinally {
handler: Label,
},
/// Enter a finally block, without returning, excepting, just because we are there.
EnterFinally,
/// Marker bytecode for the end of a finally sequence.
/// When this bytecode is executed, the eval loop does one of those things:
/// - Continue at a certain bytecode position
/// - Propagate the exception
/// - Return from a function
/// - Do nothing at all, just continue
EndFinally,
SetupExcept {
handler: Label,
},
SetupWith {
end: Label,
},
WithCleanupStart,
WithCleanupFinish,
PopBlock,
Raise {
argc: usize,
},
BuildString {
size: usize,
},
BuildTuple {
size: usize,
unpack: bool,
},
BuildList {
size: usize,
unpack: bool,
},
BuildSet {
size: usize,
unpack: bool,
},
BuildMap {
size: usize,
unpack: bool,
for_call: bool,
},
BuildSlice {
size: usize,
},
ListAppend {
i: usize,
},
SetAdd {
i: usize,
},
MapAdd {
i: usize,
},
PrintExpr,
LoadBuildClass,
UnpackSequence {
size: usize,
},
UnpackEx {
before: usize,
after: usize,
},
FormatValue {
conversion: Option<ConversionFlag>,
spec: String,
},
PopException,
Reverse {
amount: usize,
},
GetAwaitable,
BeforeAsyncWith,
SetupAsyncWith {
end: Label,
},
GetAIter,
GetANext,
}
use self::Instruction::*;
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub enum CallType {
Positional(usize),
Keyword(usize),
Ex(bool),
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub enum Constant {
Integer { value: BigInt },
Float { value: f64 },
Complex { value: Complex64 },
Boolean { value: bool },
String { value: String },
Bytes { value: Vec<u8> },
Code { code: Box<CodeObject> },
Tuple { elements: Vec<Constant> },
None,
Ellipsis,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub enum ComparisonOperator {
Greater,
GreaterOrEqual,
Less,
LessOrEqual,
Equal,
NotEqual,
In,
NotIn,
Is,
IsNot,
ExceptionMatch,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub enum BinaryOperator {
Power,
Multiply,
MatrixMultiply,
Divide,
FloorDivide,
Modulo,
Add,
Subtract,
Lshift,
Rshift,
And,
Xor,
Or,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub enum UnaryOperator {
Not,
Invert,
Minus,
Plus,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub enum Varargs {
None,
Unnamed,
Named(String),
}
/*
Maintain a stack of blocks on the VM.
pub enum BlockType {
Loop,
Except,
}
*/
impl CodeObject {
#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
pub fn new(
flags: CodeFlags,
arg_names: Vec<String>,
varargs: Varargs,
kwonlyarg_names: Vec<String>,
varkeywords: Varargs,
source_path: String,
first_line_number: usize,
obj_name: String,
) -> CodeObject {
CodeObject {
instructions: Vec::new(),
label_map: HashMap::new(),
locations: Vec::new(),
flags,
arg_names,
varargs,
kwonlyarg_names,
varkeywords,
source_path,
first_line_number,
obj_name,
}
}
/// Load a code object from bytes
pub fn from_bytes(data: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
let data = lz4_compress::decompress(data)?;
bincode::deserialize::<Self>(&data).map_err(|e| e.into())
}
/// Serialize this bytecode to bytes.
pub fn to_bytes(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
let data = bincode::serialize(&self).expect("Code object must be serializable");
lz4_compress::compress(&data)
}
pub fn get_constants(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Constant> {
self.instructions.iter().filter_map(|x| {
if let Instruction::LoadConst { value } = x {
Some(value)
} else {
None
}
})
}
fn display_inner(
&self,
f: &mut fmt::Formatter,
expand_codeobjects: bool,
level: usize,
) -> fmt::Result {
let label_targets: HashSet<&usize> = self.label_map.values().collect();
for (offset, instruction) in self.instructions.iter().enumerate() {
let arrow = if label_targets.contains(&offset) {
">>"
} else {
" "
};
for _ in 0..level {
write!(f, " ")?;
}
write!(f, "{} {:5} ", arrow, offset)?;
instruction.fmt_dis(f, &self.label_map, expand_codeobjects, level)?;
}
Ok(())
}
pub fn display_expand_codeobjects<'a>(&'a self) -> impl fmt::Display + 'a {
struct Display<'a>(&'a CodeObject);
impl fmt::Display for Display<'_> {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
self.0.display_inner(f, true, 1)
}
}
Display(self)
}
}
impl fmt::Display for CodeObject {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
self.display_inner(f, false, 1)
}
}
impl Instruction {
fn fmt_dis(
&self,
f: &mut fmt::Formatter,
label_map: &HashMap<Label, usize>,
expand_codeobjects: bool,
level: usize,
) -> fmt::Result {
macro_rules! w {
($variant:ident) => {
write!(f, "{:20}\n", stringify!($variant))
};
($variant:ident, $var:expr) => {
write!(f, "{:20} ({})\n", stringify!($variant), $var)
};
($variant:ident, $var1:expr, $var2:expr) => {
write!(f, "{:20} ({}, {})\n", stringify!($variant), $var1, $var2)
};
($variant:ident, $var1:expr, $var2:expr, $var3:expr) => {
write!(
f,
"{:20} ({}, {}, {})\n",
stringify!($variant),
$var1,
$var2,
$var3
)
};
}
match self {
Import {
name,
symbols,
level,
} => w!(
Import,
format!("{:?}", name),
format!("{:?}", symbols),
level
),
ImportStar => w!(ImportStar),
ImportFrom { name } => w!(ImportFrom, name),
LoadName { name, scope } => w!(LoadName, name, format!("{:?}", scope)),
StoreName { name, scope } => w!(StoreName, name, format!("{:?}", scope)),
DeleteName { name } => w!(DeleteName, name),
Subscript => w!(Subscript),
StoreSubscript => w!(StoreSubscript),
DeleteSubscript => w!(DeleteSubscript),
StoreAttr { name } => w!(StoreAttr, name),
DeleteAttr { name } => w!(DeleteAttr, name),
LoadConst { value } => match value {
Constant::Code { code } if expand_codeobjects => {
writeln!(f, "LoadConst ({:?}):", code)?;
code.display_inner(f, true, level + 1)?;
Ok(())
}
_ => w!(LoadConst, value),
},
UnaryOperation { op } => w!(UnaryOperation, format!("{:?}", op)),
BinaryOperation { op, inplace } => w!(BinaryOperation, format!("{:?}", op), inplace),
LoadAttr { name } => w!(LoadAttr, name),
CompareOperation { op } => w!(CompareOperation, format!("{:?}", op)),
Pop => w!(Pop),
Rotate { amount } => w!(Rotate, amount),
Duplicate => w!(Duplicate),
GetIter => w!(GetIter),
Continue => w!(Continue),
Break => w!(Break),
Jump { target } => w!(Jump, label_map[target]),
JumpIfTrue { target } => w!(JumpIfTrue, label_map[target]),
JumpIfFalse { target } => w!(JumpIfFalse, label_map[target]),
JumpIfTrueOrPop { target } => w!(JumpIfTrueOrPop, label_map[target]),
JumpIfFalseOrPop { target } => w!(JumpIfFalseOrPop, label_map[target]),
MakeFunction => w!(MakeFunction),
CallFunction { typ } => w!(CallFunction, format!("{:?}", typ)),
ForIter { target } => w!(ForIter, label_map[target]),
ReturnValue => w!(ReturnValue),
YieldValue => w!(YieldValue),
YieldFrom => w!(YieldFrom),
SetupLoop { start, end } => w!(SetupLoop, label_map[start], label_map[end]),
SetupExcept { handler } => w!(SetupExcept, label_map[handler]),
SetupFinally { handler } => w!(SetupFinally, label_map[handler]),
EnterFinally => w!(EnterFinally),
EndFinally => w!(EndFinally),
SetupWith { end } => w!(SetupWith, label_map[end]),
WithCleanupStart => w!(WithCleanupStart),
WithCleanupFinish => w!(WithCleanupFinish),
BeforeAsyncWith => w!(BeforeAsyncWith),
SetupAsyncWith { end } => w!(SetupAsyncWith, label_map[end]),
PopBlock => w!(PopBlock),
Raise { argc } => w!(Raise, argc),
BuildString { size } => w!(BuildString, size),
BuildTuple { size, unpack } => w!(BuildTuple, size, unpack),
BuildList { size, unpack } => w!(BuildList, size, unpack),
BuildSet { size, unpack } => w!(BuildSet, size, unpack),
BuildMap {
size,
unpack,
for_call,
} => w!(BuildMap, size, unpack, for_call),
BuildSlice { size } => w!(BuildSlice, size),
ListAppend { i } => w!(ListAppend, i),
SetAdd { i } => w!(SetAdd, i),
MapAdd { i } => w!(MapAdd, i),
PrintExpr => w!(PrintExpr),
LoadBuildClass => w!(LoadBuildClass),
UnpackSequence { size } => w!(UnpackSequence, size),
UnpackEx { before, after } => w!(UnpackEx, before, after),
FormatValue { spec, .. } => w!(FormatValue, spec), // TODO: write conversion
PopException => w!(PopException),
Reverse { amount } => w!(Reverse, amount),
GetAwaitable => w!(GetAwaitable),
GetAIter => w!(GetAIter),
GetANext => w!(GetANext),
}
}
}
impl fmt::Display for Constant {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
Constant::Integer { value } => write!(f, "{}", value),
Constant::Float { value } => write!(f, "{}", value),
Constant::Complex { value } => write!(f, "{}", value),
Constant::Boolean { value } => write!(f, "{}", value),
Constant::String { value } => write!(f, "{:?}", value),
Constant::Bytes { value } => write!(f, "{:?}", value),
Constant::Code { code } => write!(f, "{:?}", code),
Constant::Tuple { elements } => write!(
f,
"({})",
elements
.iter()
.map(|e| format!("{}", e))
.collect::<Vec<_>>()
.join(", ")
),
Constant::None => write!(f, "None"),
Constant::Ellipsis => write!(f, "Ellipsis"),
}
}
}
impl fmt::Debug for CodeObject {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(
f,
"<code object {} at ??? file {:?}, line {}>",
self.obj_name, self.source_path, self.first_line_number
)
}
}
pub struct FrozenModule {
pub code: CodeObject,
pub package: bool,
}