Proceedings of the 12th ISC Modern Analytical Chemistry, 2016
Awareness about the harmful effects of brominated flame retardants
on living organisms increases ... more Awareness about the harmful effects of brominated flame retardants on living organisms increases mainly due to link their presence in the human environment with health disorders. Therefore is a need to conduct research aimed at content control of these chemicals in the environment. Recent improvements in injection techniques and mass spectrometer ionization methods have led to a variety of options to determine PBDEs in environmental samples. Some difficulties in qualitative and quantitative analysis still make dekaBDE congener (BDE-209). Modeling studies aimed at selecting the optimal conditions for the separation and identification of selected PBDEs patterns have been carried out. The results are an introduction to the study of real environmental samples. Using technique was gas chromatography with electronionization-mass spectrometry.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2017
According to literature data, some of the main factors which significantly affect the quality of ... more According to literature data, some of the main factors which significantly affect the quality of the indoor environment in residential households or apartments are human activities such as cooking, smoking, cleaning, and indoor exercising. The paper presents a literature overview related to air quality in everyday use spaces dedicated to specific purposes which are integral parts of residential buildings, such as kitchens, basements, and individual garages. Some aspects of air quality in large-scale car parks, as a specific type of indoor environment, are also discussed. All those areas are characterized by relatively short time use. On the other hand, high and very high concentration levels of xenobiotics can be observed, resulting in higher exposure risk. The main compounds or group of chemical compounds are presented and discussed. The main factors influencing the type and amount of chemical pollutants present in the air of such areas are indicated.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2017
Indoor air quality has been the object of interest for scientists and specialists from the fields... more Indoor air quality has been the object of interest for scientists and specialists from the fields of science such as chemistry, medicine and ventilation system design. This results from a considerable number of potential factors, which may influence the quality of the broadly understood indoor air in a negative way. Poor quality of indoor air in various types of public utility buildings may significantly affect an increase in the incidence of various types of civilisation diseases. This paper presents information about a broad spectrum of chemical compounds that were identified and determined in the indoor environment of various types of public utility rooms such as churches, museums, libraries, temples and hospitals. An analysis of literature data allowed for identification of the most important transport paths of chemical compounds that significantly influence the quality of the indoor environment and thus the comfort of living and the health of persons staying in it.
The paper describes the characteristics of a two-level underground car park and three individual ... more The paper describes the characteristics of a two-level underground car park and three individual garages attached to residential buildings, differing by the resident utilization habits, located in North Poland (Tri-City agglomeration area). The strategy of collecting the analyte samples from air in mentioned enclosed areas, concerning the determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene and p,m-xylenes (BTEX) concentrations was performed using passive sampling technique – Radiello® diffusive passive samplers with graphitised charcoal cartridge as a sorption medium. The stage of liberation and final determination of collected analytes was conducted with the use of thermal desorption-gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector (TD-GC-FID) system. As a result of the performed measurements in two-level underground car park, it was observed that the time-weighted average concentrations of BTEX in air were as follows: Level-1 – benzene – 5.2 ± 1.1 μg/m3, toluene – 12.3 ± 2.4 μg/m3, ethylbenzene 2.85 ± 0.80 μg/m3, o-xylene – 4.6 ± 1.4 μg/m3, p, m-xylenes – 8.8 ± 2,4 μg/m3; Level-2 – benzene - 5.2 ± 1.1 μg/m3, toluene – 12.9 ± 3.6 μg/m3, ethylbenzene – 2.73 ± 0.79 μg/ m3, o-xylene – 4.2±1.1 μg/m3, p, m-xylenes – 8.5±2.3 μg/m3. As for residential garages, the time-weighted average concentrations of BTEX in air were in the following ranges: from 5.9 to 53 μg/m3 (benzene), from 7.1 to 195 μg/m3 (toluene), from 3.0 to 39 μg/m3 (ethylbenzene), from 5.6 to 44 μg/m3 (o-xylene) and from 6.3 to 99 μg/m3 (p,m-xylenes). Also, BTEX concentration ratios such as: tol/benz ratio and (m, p)-xyl/et.benz coefficient, were calculated based on the obtained results to assess the “freshness” of air mass and the influence exerted by vehicle movement on the concentration of BTEX in air in studied enclosed areas.
Proceedings of the 12th ISC Modern Analytical Chemistry, 2016
Awareness about the harmful effects of brominated flame retardants
on living organisms increases ... more Awareness about the harmful effects of brominated flame retardants on living organisms increases mainly due to link their presence in the human environment with health disorders. Therefore is a need to conduct research aimed at content control of these chemicals in the environment. Recent improvements in injection techniques and mass spectrometer ionization methods have led to a variety of options to determine PBDEs in environmental samples. Some difficulties in qualitative and quantitative analysis still make dekaBDE congener (BDE-209). Modeling studies aimed at selecting the optimal conditions for the separation and identification of selected PBDEs patterns have been carried out. The results are an introduction to the study of real environmental samples. Using technique was gas chromatography with electronionization-mass spectrometry.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2017
According to literature data, some of the main factors which significantly affect the quality of ... more According to literature data, some of the main factors which significantly affect the quality of the indoor environment in residential households or apartments are human activities such as cooking, smoking, cleaning, and indoor exercising. The paper presents a literature overview related to air quality in everyday use spaces dedicated to specific purposes which are integral parts of residential buildings, such as kitchens, basements, and individual garages. Some aspects of air quality in large-scale car parks, as a specific type of indoor environment, are also discussed. All those areas are characterized by relatively short time use. On the other hand, high and very high concentration levels of xenobiotics can be observed, resulting in higher exposure risk. The main compounds or group of chemical compounds are presented and discussed. The main factors influencing the type and amount of chemical pollutants present in the air of such areas are indicated.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2017
Indoor air quality has been the object of interest for scientists and specialists from the fields... more Indoor air quality has been the object of interest for scientists and specialists from the fields of science such as chemistry, medicine and ventilation system design. This results from a considerable number of potential factors, which may influence the quality of the broadly understood indoor air in a negative way. Poor quality of indoor air in various types of public utility buildings may significantly affect an increase in the incidence of various types of civilisation diseases. This paper presents information about a broad spectrum of chemical compounds that were identified and determined in the indoor environment of various types of public utility rooms such as churches, museums, libraries, temples and hospitals. An analysis of literature data allowed for identification of the most important transport paths of chemical compounds that significantly influence the quality of the indoor environment and thus the comfort of living and the health of persons staying in it.
The paper describes the characteristics of a two-level underground car park and three individual ... more The paper describes the characteristics of a two-level underground car park and three individual garages attached to residential buildings, differing by the resident utilization habits, located in North Poland (Tri-City agglomeration area). The strategy of collecting the analyte samples from air in mentioned enclosed areas, concerning the determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene and p,m-xylenes (BTEX) concentrations was performed using passive sampling technique – Radiello® diffusive passive samplers with graphitised charcoal cartridge as a sorption medium. The stage of liberation and final determination of collected analytes was conducted with the use of thermal desorption-gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector (TD-GC-FID) system. As a result of the performed measurements in two-level underground car park, it was observed that the time-weighted average concentrations of BTEX in air were as follows: Level-1 – benzene – 5.2 ± 1.1 μg/m3, toluene – 12.3 ± 2.4 μg/m3, ethylbenzene 2.85 ± 0.80 μg/m3, o-xylene – 4.6 ± 1.4 μg/m3, p, m-xylenes – 8.8 ± 2,4 μg/m3; Level-2 – benzene - 5.2 ± 1.1 μg/m3, toluene – 12.9 ± 3.6 μg/m3, ethylbenzene – 2.73 ± 0.79 μg/ m3, o-xylene – 4.2±1.1 μg/m3, p, m-xylenes – 8.5±2.3 μg/m3. As for residential garages, the time-weighted average concentrations of BTEX in air were in the following ranges: from 5.9 to 53 μg/m3 (benzene), from 7.1 to 195 μg/m3 (toluene), from 3.0 to 39 μg/m3 (ethylbenzene), from 5.6 to 44 μg/m3 (o-xylene) and from 6.3 to 99 μg/m3 (p,m-xylenes). Also, BTEX concentration ratios such as: tol/benz ratio and (m, p)-xyl/et.benz coefficient, were calculated based on the obtained results to assess the “freshness” of air mass and the influence exerted by vehicle movement on the concentration of BTEX in air in studied enclosed areas.
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on living organisms increases mainly due to link their presence in the
human environment with health disorders. Therefore is a need to
conduct research aimed at content control of these chemicals in the
environment. Recent improvements in injection techniques and mass
spectrometer ionization methods have led to a variety of options to
determine PBDEs in environmental samples. Some difficulties in
qualitative and quantitative analysis still make dekaBDE congener
(BDE-209). Modeling studies aimed at selecting the optimal
conditions for the separation and identification of selected PBDEs
patterns have been carried out. The results are an introduction to the
study of real environmental samples. Using technique was gas
chromatography with electronionization-mass spectrometry.
as a sorption medium. The stage of liberation and final determination of collected analytes was conducted with the use of thermal desorption-gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector (TD-GC-FID) system.
As a result of the performed measurements in two-level underground car park, it was observed that the time-weighted average concentrations of BTEX in air were as follows: Level-1 – benzene – 5.2 ± 1.1 μg/m3, toluene
– 12.3 ± 2.4 μg/m3, ethylbenzene 2.85 ± 0.80 μg/m3, o-xylene – 4.6 ± 1.4 μg/m3, p, m-xylenes – 8.8 ± 2,4 μg/m3; Level-2 – benzene - 5.2 ± 1.1 μg/m3, toluene – 12.9 ± 3.6 μg/m3, ethylbenzene – 2.73 ± 0.79 μg/ m3, o-xylene – 4.2±1.1 μg/m3, p, m-xylenes – 8.5±2.3 μg/m3. As for residential garages, the time-weighted average concentrations of BTEX in air were in the following ranges: from 5.9 to 53 μg/m3 (benzene), from 7.1 to 195 μg/m3 (toluene), from 3.0 to 39 μg/m3 (ethylbenzene), from 5.6 to 44 μg/m3 (o-xylene) and from 6.3 to 99 μg/m3 (p,m-xylenes). Also, BTEX concentration ratios such as: tol/benz ratio and (m, p)-xyl/et.benz coefficient, were calculated based on the obtained results to assess the “freshness” of air mass and the influence exerted by vehicle movement on the concentration of BTEX in air in studied enclosed areas.
on living organisms increases mainly due to link their presence in the
human environment with health disorders. Therefore is a need to
conduct research aimed at content control of these chemicals in the
environment. Recent improvements in injection techniques and mass
spectrometer ionization methods have led to a variety of options to
determine PBDEs in environmental samples. Some difficulties in
qualitative and quantitative analysis still make dekaBDE congener
(BDE-209). Modeling studies aimed at selecting the optimal
conditions for the separation and identification of selected PBDEs
patterns have been carried out. The results are an introduction to the
study of real environmental samples. Using technique was gas
chromatography with electronionization-mass spectrometry.
as a sorption medium. The stage of liberation and final determination of collected analytes was conducted with the use of thermal desorption-gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector (TD-GC-FID) system.
As a result of the performed measurements in two-level underground car park, it was observed that the time-weighted average concentrations of BTEX in air were as follows: Level-1 – benzene – 5.2 ± 1.1 μg/m3, toluene
– 12.3 ± 2.4 μg/m3, ethylbenzene 2.85 ± 0.80 μg/m3, o-xylene – 4.6 ± 1.4 μg/m3, p, m-xylenes – 8.8 ± 2,4 μg/m3; Level-2 – benzene - 5.2 ± 1.1 μg/m3, toluene – 12.9 ± 3.6 μg/m3, ethylbenzene – 2.73 ± 0.79 μg/ m3, o-xylene – 4.2±1.1 μg/m3, p, m-xylenes – 8.5±2.3 μg/m3. As for residential garages, the time-weighted average concentrations of BTEX in air were in the following ranges: from 5.9 to 53 μg/m3 (benzene), from 7.1 to 195 μg/m3 (toluene), from 3.0 to 39 μg/m3 (ethylbenzene), from 5.6 to 44 μg/m3 (o-xylene) and from 6.3 to 99 μg/m3 (p,m-xylenes). Also, BTEX concentration ratios such as: tol/benz ratio and (m, p)-xyl/et.benz coefficient, were calculated based on the obtained results to assess the “freshness” of air mass and the influence exerted by vehicle movement on the concentration of BTEX in air in studied enclosed areas.