The Israel journal of psychiatry and related sciences
Several studies have examined the relationship between dissociation and alexithymia. In this stud... more Several studies have examined the relationship between dissociation and alexithymia. In this study, the objective was to investigate whether there was a relationship between alexithymia, dissociation and state and trait anxiety in psychiatric outpatients. The evaluations of psychiatric outpatients (n=154) were based on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Dissociative Experiences Scale and the State and Trait Anxiety Index. The data were analyzed using chi2 test and multiple covariance analyses. Subjects with alexithymia (46.8%) were significantly less educated and showed higher state and trait anxiety. The mean Toronto Alexithymia Scale total score of the female and male patients was similar. The mean Dissociative Experiences Scale score of the study group was 10.8 (sd=9.8, ranged 0 to 45). A multivariate analysis of covariance showed that state and trait anxiety was a significant covariant for the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-Difficulty Identifying Feelings subscale. Only the trait anxiety was a significant covariant for the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-Difficulty Expressing Feelings subscale. The overall main effect of dissociation was not significant on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale total and subscales. These data suggest that dissociation is fundamentally a different construct from alexithymia, while state and trait anxiety are closely related to alexithymia.
ABSTRACT ZET: Psikofarmakoloji Derneği Türkiye'de psikotrop ilaç tüketimi ve mevcut uygul... more ABSTRACT ZET: Psikofarmakoloji Derneği Türkiye'de psikotrop ilaç tüketimi ve mevcut uygulamaların tıbbi, etik ve ekonomik sonuçları raporu Bu raporda, Sağlık Bakanlığı, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Türkiye Ruh Sağlığı Profili ve Intercontinental Marketing Service (IMSHealth) verileri kullanılarak ülkemizdeki psikotropik ilaç kullanımı değerlendirilmiştir. İkibinüç yılında 14.24 milyon kutu antidepresan kullanılırken, 2012 yılı sonu itibarıyla bu sayı %162 artışla 37.35 milyon kutu olmuştur. Antipsikotik ilaç kullanımı son 5 yılda %71 artarak 2005 yılında 7.20 milyon kutudan 2012 yılı sonu itibarıyla 12.32 milyon kutuya ulaşmıştır. Antidepresan içeren reçete sayısı son 5 yılda %50 artışla 2007 yılında 18.14 milyondan, 2012 yılı sonunda 26.60 milyona ulaşmıştır. Antipsikotik ilaç içeren reçete sayısı da son 5 yılda %46.7 artışla 2007 yılında 3.92 milyondan, 2012 yılı sonunda 5.76 milyona ulaşmıştır. En kötümser durumda, antidepresan ve antipsikotik ilaç kullanımını gerektiren çoklu psikiyatrik sorunların sırasıyla %20 ve %5 oranında olduğu varsayımında bulunulduğunda bile reçete üzerinden hesaplanan psikiyatrik hastalıkların prevalansı (reçete sayısı/nüfus) oldukça yüksek kalmaktadır. Aile hekimleri-pratisyenler, psikiyatristler, nörologlar ve diğer uzmanlar 2007 yılında antidepresan reçetelemede sırasıyla %33, %37, %20 ve %11'lik paya sahip olmuş; 2012 yılında %48, %31, %14 ve %7'lik paya sahip bulunmuştur. Bu grup hekimlerin 2012 yılında antidepresanların ilk defa reçetelenmesindeki oranlarının ise sırasıyla %37, %34, %19 ve %11 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Aile hekimleri-pratisyenler, psikiyatristler, nörologlar ve diğer uzmanlar 2007 yılında antipsikotik ilaç reçetelemede sırasıyla %18, %67, %13 ve %3'lük paya sahip olurken: 2012 yılında bu değerler sırasıyla %21, %63, %14 ve %2 şeklinde bulunmuştur. Bu grup hekimlerin 2012 yılında antidepresanların ilk defa reçetelenmesindeki oranlarının ise sırasıyla %6, %73, %19 ve %3 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, veriler Türkiye'de psikotrop ilaçların gereksiz ve/veya aşırı kullanıldığı izlenimini vermektedir. İlaç kullanımındaki artış, nüfus artışı ve psikiyatrik hastalıklarının insidansının artışıyla ilişkili görünmemektedir. İlk defa reçetelenme rakamları psikiyatrist olmayan hekimlerin psikiyatrik hastalıklara uygun olmayan bir şekilde tanı koyduğunu ve tedavilerini başlattığını düşündürmektedir. Bu durum psikotrop ilaçların reçetelenmesinde yetkilendirme konusunun tekrar ele alınmasını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Anahtar sözcükler: psikotrop ilaçlar, antidepresanlar, antipsikotikler, aşırı tüketim Kli nik Psikofarmakoloji Bulteni 2013;23(4):390-402 ABS TRACT: A report by Turkish Association for Psychopharmacology on the psychotropic drug usage in Turkey and medical, ethical and economical consequences of current applications This report evaluation of the psychotropic drug usage in Turkey based on the data provided by Intercontinental Marketing Service (IMSHealth), Ministry of Health, Turkish Statistical Institute, Turkish Mental Health Profile. A total of 14.24 millions units of antidepressants were used in 2003. By increasing 162%, annual antidepressant usage reached 37.35 millions units by the end of 2012. Antipsychotic drug usage increased by 71% during the last 5 years, from 7.20 millions units in 2005 to 12.32 millions as of the end of 2012. The total number of prescriptions including an antidepressant was 18.14 millions in 2007, by increasing 50% in the last 5 years, it reached 26.60 millions in 2012. The total number of prescriptions including any antipsychotic drug increased from 3.92 millions in 2007 to 5.76 millions in 2012, increasing by 46.7%. In the worst case scenario considering concurrent psychiatric disorders, prevalence of disorders requiring antidepressants and antipsychotic drugs could be as high as 20% and 5%, respectively. The calculated frequency (prescription/population) was much higher than the worst case scenario estimates. In 2007, family physicans and practitioners, psychiatrists, neurologists, and specialists of other disciplines prescribed 33, 37, 20, and 11% of all antidepressants, respectively. In 2012, they prescribed 48, 31, 14, and 7% of all antidepressants, respectively. The first time antidepressant prescriptions in 2012 were done at the rate of 37, 34, 19, and 11% by above mentioned specialists, respectively. In 2007, family physicans and practitioners, psychiatrists, neurologists, and specialists of other disciplines prescribed 18, 67, 13, and 3% of all antipsychotics, respectively. In 2012, the same set of specialisations prescribed 21, 63, 14, and 2% of antipsychotics, respectively. The "first time" antipsychotics were prescribed at the rate of 6, 73, 19, and 3% by above mentioned order of specialists, respectively. In conclusion, the data suggest that there was an unnecessary and/or excessive prescribing of psychotropic agents. The increase is not related to increased population and/ or prevalance…
Schizophrenia is a chronic illness that negatively affects the quality of life and psychosocial f... more Schizophrenia is a chronic illness that negatively affects the quality of life and psychosocial functions. Defined criteria to assess remission in schizophrenia are considered to be useful in the long-term follow-up of patients and in discriminating diagnostic factors. This study investigated the quality of life and functionality in schizophrenia patients in symptomatic remission (R-Sch) and not in remission (Non-R-Sch). Sociodemographic data were collected for 40 R-Sch and 40 Non-R-Sch patients, and the following scales were administered: the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) Scale; Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Short Form, Turkish Version (WHOQOL-BREF-TR), Quality of Life Scale for Schizophrenia Patients (QLS), and Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF). The total and all subscale scores of PANSS and the CGI-S score were significantly lower in the R-Sch group than in the Non-R-Sch group, whereas the GAF scores and all subscales of QLS and WHOQOL-BREF-TR were significantly higher. This study demonstrates that improvement in symptoms in schizophrenia patients improves quality and functionality in all areas of life, suggesting that an improvement in symptoms is the most important determinant of functional recovery in the treatment of schizophrenia.
Objective: Negative attitudes towards alcohol and substance use and dependency are prevelant and ... more Objective: Negative attitudes towards alcohol and substance use and dependency are prevelant and detrimental on the treatment process of these disorders. Method: The relationship between the sociodemographic factors, personal and family history of alcohol-substance use and ...
ABSTRACT Objective: Considering the suggested association of tryptophan hydroxylase gene 1 (TPH1)... more ABSTRACT Objective: Considering the suggested association of tryptophan hydroxylase gene 1 (TPH1) polymorphism with some psychiatric disorders and studies concerning serotonin's effect on TPH 1 gene, brain and the neurotransmitter monoamines, as well as ...
There are limited published data about the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of obs... more There are limited published data about the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In addition, oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage have not been investigated together in OCD. In this study, we aimed to evaluate oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage in patients with OCD. Forty-two patients with OCD who were diagnosed in the Psychiatry Clinic of Gaziantep University and 38 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. Serum 8-hydroxideoxiguanosine (8-OHdG), total antioxidant status, total oxidant status evaluation and oxidative stress index calculation were conducted in Gaziantep University Biochemical Laboratory. There were no significant differences in the total antioxidant status, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index levels between the patients and control group. However, 8-OHdG levels were significantly higher in OCD patients than controls (P = 0.022). In addition, 8-OHdG levels were significantly lower in patients who took treatment than in patients who were newly diagnosed (P = 0.016). In our study, we found that oxidative DNA damage increased in OCD patients even though oxidative stress was normal. In addition, DNA damage was lower in patients who were treated compared to those without treatment.
Increasing evidence shows that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathophysiology of schizophre... more Increasing evidence shows that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. But there is not any study which examines the effects of oxidative stress on DNA in schizophrenia patients. Therefore we aimed to assess the oxidative stress levels and oxidative DNA damage in schizophrenia patients with and without symptomatic remission. A total of 64 schizophrenia patients (38 with symptomatic remission and 26 without symptomatic remission) and 80 healthy volunteers were included in the study. 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured in plasma. TOS, oxidative stress index (OSI) and 8-OHdG levels were significantly higher in non-remission schizophrenic (Non-R-Sch) patients than in the controls. TOS and OSI levels were significantly higher in remission schizophrenic (R-Sch) patients than in the controls. TAS level were significantly lower and TOS and OSI levels were significantly higher in R-Sch patients than in Non-R-Sch patients. Despite the ongoing oxidative stress in patients with both R-Sch and Non-R-Sch, oxidative DNA damage was higher in only Non-R-Sch patients compared to controls. It is suggested that oxidative stress can cause the disease via DNA damage, and oxidative stress plays a role in schizophrenia through oxidative DNA damage.
The Israel journal of psychiatry and related sciences
Several studies have examined the relationship between dissociation and alexithymia. In this stud... more Several studies have examined the relationship between dissociation and alexithymia. In this study, the objective was to investigate whether there was a relationship between alexithymia, dissociation and state and trait anxiety in psychiatric outpatients. The evaluations of psychiatric outpatients (n=154) were based on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Dissociative Experiences Scale and the State and Trait Anxiety Index. The data were analyzed using chi2 test and multiple covariance analyses. Subjects with alexithymia (46.8%) were significantly less educated and showed higher state and trait anxiety. The mean Toronto Alexithymia Scale total score of the female and male patients was similar. The mean Dissociative Experiences Scale score of the study group was 10.8 (sd=9.8, ranged 0 to 45). A multivariate analysis of covariance showed that state and trait anxiety was a significant covariant for the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-Difficulty Identifying Feelings subscale. Only the trait anxiety was a significant covariant for the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-Difficulty Expressing Feelings subscale. The overall main effect of dissociation was not significant on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale total and subscales. These data suggest that dissociation is fundamentally a different construct from alexithymia, while state and trait anxiety are closely related to alexithymia.
ABSTRACT ZET: Psikofarmakoloji Derneği Türkiye'de psikotrop ilaç tüketimi ve mevcut uygul... more ABSTRACT ZET: Psikofarmakoloji Derneği Türkiye'de psikotrop ilaç tüketimi ve mevcut uygulamaların tıbbi, etik ve ekonomik sonuçları raporu Bu raporda, Sağlık Bakanlığı, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Türkiye Ruh Sağlığı Profili ve Intercontinental Marketing Service (IMSHealth) verileri kullanılarak ülkemizdeki psikotropik ilaç kullanımı değerlendirilmiştir. İkibinüç yılında 14.24 milyon kutu antidepresan kullanılırken, 2012 yılı sonu itibarıyla bu sayı %162 artışla 37.35 milyon kutu olmuştur. Antipsikotik ilaç kullanımı son 5 yılda %71 artarak 2005 yılında 7.20 milyon kutudan 2012 yılı sonu itibarıyla 12.32 milyon kutuya ulaşmıştır. Antidepresan içeren reçete sayısı son 5 yılda %50 artışla 2007 yılında 18.14 milyondan, 2012 yılı sonunda 26.60 milyona ulaşmıştır. Antipsikotik ilaç içeren reçete sayısı da son 5 yılda %46.7 artışla 2007 yılında 3.92 milyondan, 2012 yılı sonunda 5.76 milyona ulaşmıştır. En kötümser durumda, antidepresan ve antipsikotik ilaç kullanımını gerektiren çoklu psikiyatrik sorunların sırasıyla %20 ve %5 oranında olduğu varsayımında bulunulduğunda bile reçete üzerinden hesaplanan psikiyatrik hastalıkların prevalansı (reçete sayısı/nüfus) oldukça yüksek kalmaktadır. Aile hekimleri-pratisyenler, psikiyatristler, nörologlar ve diğer uzmanlar 2007 yılında antidepresan reçetelemede sırasıyla %33, %37, %20 ve %11'lik paya sahip olmuş; 2012 yılında %48, %31, %14 ve %7'lik paya sahip bulunmuştur. Bu grup hekimlerin 2012 yılında antidepresanların ilk defa reçetelenmesindeki oranlarının ise sırasıyla %37, %34, %19 ve %11 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Aile hekimleri-pratisyenler, psikiyatristler, nörologlar ve diğer uzmanlar 2007 yılında antipsikotik ilaç reçetelemede sırasıyla %18, %67, %13 ve %3'lük paya sahip olurken: 2012 yılında bu değerler sırasıyla %21, %63, %14 ve %2 şeklinde bulunmuştur. Bu grup hekimlerin 2012 yılında antidepresanların ilk defa reçetelenmesindeki oranlarının ise sırasıyla %6, %73, %19 ve %3 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, veriler Türkiye'de psikotrop ilaçların gereksiz ve/veya aşırı kullanıldığı izlenimini vermektedir. İlaç kullanımındaki artış, nüfus artışı ve psikiyatrik hastalıklarının insidansının artışıyla ilişkili görünmemektedir. İlk defa reçetelenme rakamları psikiyatrist olmayan hekimlerin psikiyatrik hastalıklara uygun olmayan bir şekilde tanı koyduğunu ve tedavilerini başlattığını düşündürmektedir. Bu durum psikotrop ilaçların reçetelenmesinde yetkilendirme konusunun tekrar ele alınmasını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Anahtar sözcükler: psikotrop ilaçlar, antidepresanlar, antipsikotikler, aşırı tüketim Kli nik Psikofarmakoloji Bulteni 2013;23(4):390-402 ABS TRACT: A report by Turkish Association for Psychopharmacology on the psychotropic drug usage in Turkey and medical, ethical and economical consequences of current applications This report evaluation of the psychotropic drug usage in Turkey based on the data provided by Intercontinental Marketing Service (IMSHealth), Ministry of Health, Turkish Statistical Institute, Turkish Mental Health Profile. A total of 14.24 millions units of antidepressants were used in 2003. By increasing 162%, annual antidepressant usage reached 37.35 millions units by the end of 2012. Antipsychotic drug usage increased by 71% during the last 5 years, from 7.20 millions units in 2005 to 12.32 millions as of the end of 2012. The total number of prescriptions including an antidepressant was 18.14 millions in 2007, by increasing 50% in the last 5 years, it reached 26.60 millions in 2012. The total number of prescriptions including any antipsychotic drug increased from 3.92 millions in 2007 to 5.76 millions in 2012, increasing by 46.7%. In the worst case scenario considering concurrent psychiatric disorders, prevalence of disorders requiring antidepressants and antipsychotic drugs could be as high as 20% and 5%, respectively. The calculated frequency (prescription/population) was much higher than the worst case scenario estimates. In 2007, family physicans and practitioners, psychiatrists, neurologists, and specialists of other disciplines prescribed 33, 37, 20, and 11% of all antidepressants, respectively. In 2012, they prescribed 48, 31, 14, and 7% of all antidepressants, respectively. The first time antidepressant prescriptions in 2012 were done at the rate of 37, 34, 19, and 11% by above mentioned specialists, respectively. In 2007, family physicans and practitioners, psychiatrists, neurologists, and specialists of other disciplines prescribed 18, 67, 13, and 3% of all antipsychotics, respectively. In 2012, the same set of specialisations prescribed 21, 63, 14, and 2% of antipsychotics, respectively. The "first time" antipsychotics were prescribed at the rate of 6, 73, 19, and 3% by above mentioned order of specialists, respectively. In conclusion, the data suggest that there was an unnecessary and/or excessive prescribing of psychotropic agents. The increase is not related to increased population and/ or prevalance…
Schizophrenia is a chronic illness that negatively affects the quality of life and psychosocial f... more Schizophrenia is a chronic illness that negatively affects the quality of life and psychosocial functions. Defined criteria to assess remission in schizophrenia are considered to be useful in the long-term follow-up of patients and in discriminating diagnostic factors. This study investigated the quality of life and functionality in schizophrenia patients in symptomatic remission (R-Sch) and not in remission (Non-R-Sch). Sociodemographic data were collected for 40 R-Sch and 40 Non-R-Sch patients, and the following scales were administered: the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) Scale; Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Short Form, Turkish Version (WHOQOL-BREF-TR), Quality of Life Scale for Schizophrenia Patients (QLS), and Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF). The total and all subscale scores of PANSS and the CGI-S score were significantly lower in the R-Sch group than in the Non-R-Sch group, whereas the GAF scores and all subscales of QLS and WHOQOL-BREF-TR were significantly higher. This study demonstrates that improvement in symptoms in schizophrenia patients improves quality and functionality in all areas of life, suggesting that an improvement in symptoms is the most important determinant of functional recovery in the treatment of schizophrenia.
Objective: Negative attitudes towards alcohol and substance use and dependency are prevelant and ... more Objective: Negative attitudes towards alcohol and substance use and dependency are prevelant and detrimental on the treatment process of these disorders. Method: The relationship between the sociodemographic factors, personal and family history of alcohol-substance use and ...
ABSTRACT Objective: Considering the suggested association of tryptophan hydroxylase gene 1 (TPH1)... more ABSTRACT Objective: Considering the suggested association of tryptophan hydroxylase gene 1 (TPH1) polymorphism with some psychiatric disorders and studies concerning serotonin's effect on TPH 1 gene, brain and the neurotransmitter monoamines, as well as ...
There are limited published data about the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of obs... more There are limited published data about the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In addition, oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage have not been investigated together in OCD. In this study, we aimed to evaluate oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage in patients with OCD. Forty-two patients with OCD who were diagnosed in the Psychiatry Clinic of Gaziantep University and 38 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. Serum 8-hydroxideoxiguanosine (8-OHdG), total antioxidant status, total oxidant status evaluation and oxidative stress index calculation were conducted in Gaziantep University Biochemical Laboratory. There were no significant differences in the total antioxidant status, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index levels between the patients and control group. However, 8-OHdG levels were significantly higher in OCD patients than controls (P = 0.022). In addition, 8-OHdG levels were significantly lower in patients who took treatment than in patients who were newly diagnosed (P = 0.016). In our study, we found that oxidative DNA damage increased in OCD patients even though oxidative stress was normal. In addition, DNA damage was lower in patients who were treated compared to those without treatment.
Increasing evidence shows that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathophysiology of schizophre... more Increasing evidence shows that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. But there is not any study which examines the effects of oxidative stress on DNA in schizophrenia patients. Therefore we aimed to assess the oxidative stress levels and oxidative DNA damage in schizophrenia patients with and without symptomatic remission. A total of 64 schizophrenia patients (38 with symptomatic remission and 26 without symptomatic remission) and 80 healthy volunteers were included in the study. 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured in plasma. TOS, oxidative stress index (OSI) and 8-OHdG levels were significantly higher in non-remission schizophrenic (Non-R-Sch) patients than in the controls. TOS and OSI levels were significantly higher in remission schizophrenic (R-Sch) patients than in the controls. TAS level were significantly lower and TOS and OSI levels were significantly higher in R-Sch patients than in Non-R-Sch patients. Despite the ongoing oxidative stress in patients with both R-Sch and Non-R-Sch, oxidative DNA damage was higher in only Non-R-Sch patients compared to controls. It is suggested that oxidative stress can cause the disease via DNA damage, and oxidative stress plays a role in schizophrenia through oxidative DNA damage.
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