IEC 62059-32-1

®
Edition 1.0 2011-12

INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE

Electricity metering equipment – Dependability –

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
Part 32-1: Durability – Testing of the stability of metrological characteristics by
(standards.iteh.ai)
applying elevated temperature
IEC 62059-32-1:2011
Appareils de comptage de l'électricité – Sûreté de fonctionnement –
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/2661df58-defb-4525-a673-
Partie 32-1: Durabilité – Contrôle de stabilité des caractéristiques métrologiques
6f0cb8c4732b/iec-62059-32-1-2011
en appliquant une température élevée
IEC 62059-32-1:2011
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 IEC 62059-32-1
®
Edition 1.0 2011-12

INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

Electricity metering equipment – Dependability –
Part 32-1: Durability – Testing of the stability of metrological characteristics by
applying elevated temperature
(standards.iteh.ai)
IEC 62059-32-1:2011
Appareils de comptage de l'électricité – Sûreté de fonctionnement –
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/2661df58-defb-4525-a673-
Partie 32-1: Durabilité – Contrôle de stabilité des caractéristiques métrologiques
6f0cb8c4732b/iec-62059-32-1-2011
en appliquant une température élevée

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION

COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE PRICE CODE
CODE PRIX N
ICS 17.220; 19.020; 91.140.50 ISBN 978-2-88912-827-3

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission

Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
 –2– 62059-32-1  IEC:2011

CONTENTS
FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................... 3
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 5
1 Scope ............................................................................................................................... 6
2 Normative references ....................................................................................................... 6
3 Terms and definitions ....................................................................................................... 6
4 General ............................................................................................................................ 7
5 Initial measurements ........................................................................................................ 7
6 Conditioning ..................................................................................................................... 7
7 Intermediate measurements – verification of energy measurement and registration .......... 9
7.1 General ................................................................................................................... 9
7.2 Method A: Test method using a reference meter...................................................... 9
7.2.1 Test conditions ............................................................................................ 9
7.2.2 Test using a reference standard meter ...................................................... 10
7.2.3 Test using a reference meter of the same type as the MUT ....................... 10
7.3 Method B: Test method using a stable load ........................................................... 11
7.4 Final temperature ramp ......................................................................................... 12
8 Recovery ........................................................................................................................ 12
9 iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
Final measurements and acceptance criteria .................................................................. 12
10 (standards.iteh.ai)
Information to be given in the test report ........................................................................ 13
Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 14
IEC 62059-32-1:2011
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Table 1 – Limits of change in percentage error at I max .......................................................... 13
6f0cb8c4732b/iec-62059-32-1-2011
62059-32-1  IEC:2011 –3–

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

____________

ELECTRICITY METERING EQUIPMENT –

DEPENDABILITY –

Part 32-1: Durability –

Testing of the stability of metrological characteristics
by applying elevated temperature

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
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Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
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with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
interested IEC National Committees.
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Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
IEC 62059-32-1:2011
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to thehttps://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/2661df58-defb-4525-a673-
maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the6f0cb8c4732b/iec-62059-32-1-2011
corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
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expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

International Standard IEC 62059-32-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 13:
Electrical energy measurement, tariff- and load control.

The text of this standard is based on the following documents:

FDIS RVD
13/1483/FDIS 13/1493/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.

This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
 –4– 62059-32-1  IEC:2011

A list of all parts of IEC 62059 series, under the general title Electricity metering equipment –
Dependability, can be found on the IEC website.

The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be

• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

(standards.iteh.ai)
IEC 62059-32-1:2011
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/2661df58-defb-4525-a673-
6f0cb8c4732b/iec-62059-32-1-2011
62059-32-1  IEC:2011 –5–

INTRODUCTION

Electricity meters are products designed for high reliability and durability to operate
continuously for extended periods without supervision.

To manage metering assets effectively, it is important to have tools for predicting and
estimating life characteristics of various types.

IEC 62059-41 provides methods for predicting the failure rate – assumed to be constant – of
metering equipment, based on the parts stress method.

IEC 62059-31-1 provides a method for estimating life characteristics using accelerated
reliability testing by operating the test specimens at elevated temperature and humidity.
Future parts of IEC 62059-31 may be established to cover accelerated reliability testing,
applying other stresses.

This standard, IEC 62059-32-1 provides a test method to evaluate one important aspect of
durability, the stability of metrology characteristics, by operating a test specimen at the upper
limit of the specified operating range of temperature, voltage and current for an extended
period. Future parts of IEC 62059-32 may be established to cover other kinds of stress or
other aspects of durability.

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

(standards.iteh.ai)
IEC 62059-32-1:2011
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/2661df58-defb-4525-a673-
6f0cb8c4732b/iec-62059-32-1-2011
 –6– 62059-32-1  IEC:2011

ELECTRICITY METERING EQUIPMENT –

DEPENDABILITY –

Part 32-1: Durability –

Testing of the stability of metrological characteristics
by applying elevated temperature

1 Scope

The stability of metrological characteristics is one important aspect of durability.

This part of IEC 62059 specifies a method for testing the stability of metrological
characteristics of electricity meters, by operating a test specimen at the upper limit of the
specified operating range of temperature, voltage and current for an extended period.

Functional performance other than the accuracy of energy measurement is out of the scope of
this standard.

Note, that from the results of this test, no conclusion can be drawn for the length of period
during which the stability of the metrological characteristics will be maintained when the meter
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
is operated under usual conditions.
(standards.iteh.ai)
This International Standard is applicable to all types of electricity meters in the scope of IEC
TC 13. IEC 62059-32-1:2011
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/2661df58-defb-4525-a673-
2 Normative references 6f0cb8c4732b/iec-62059-32-1-2011

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

IEC 60068-2-2:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-2: Tests – Test B: Dry heat

IEC 62052-11:2003, Electricity metering equipment (AC) – General requirements, tests and
test conditions – Part 11: Metering equipment

IEC 62053-21:2003, Electricity metering equipment (a.c.) – Particular requirements – Part 21:
Static meters for active energy (classes 1 and 2)

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions in IEC 62052-11 as well as the
following apply.

3.1
durability
the ability of an item to perform a required function under given conditions of use and
maintenance, until a limiting state is reached

NOTE A limiting state of an item may be characterized by the end of the useful life, unsuitability or any economic
or technological reasons or other relevant factors.
62059-32-1  IEC:2011 –7–

[IEC 60050-191: 1990, 191-02-02]

4 General

The test procedure consists of:

• initial measurements, see Clause 5;

• operational conditioning at the maximum temperature, voltage and current of the specified
operating range, see Clause 6. During the conditioning, intermediate measurements are
taken, see Clause 7;
• recovery – see Clause 8 – and final measurements, see Clause 9.

The test shall be performed on (one of) the meter(s) submitted for type testing (meter under
test, MUT).

During the conditioning, the MUT shall not exhibit any irregular behaviour concerning energy
measurement and registration. This shall be verified as specified in Clause 7.

In addition, after conditioning and recovery, the change of the percentage error, when
compared to the initial measurements, shall not exceed the limits specified in Clause 9. To
verify this, the percentage error shall be measured, as specified in Clause 5, before
conditioning and following the recovery period.

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

If the MUT passes the test, this gives a reasonable level of confidence that the meter type
tested is free from serious design errors and material flaws that may prevent it from
(standards.iteh.ai)
maintaining its specified accuracy for the period of use estimated by the manufacturer.

NOTE IEC determined

For this estimation, the acceleration factor 62059-32-1:2011
according to IEC 62059-31 can be used.
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/2661df58-defb-4525-a673-
6f0cb8c4732b/iec-62059-32-1-2011
5 Initial measurements

The percentage error of the MUT shall be measured – using the test output of the MUT and
appropriate test equipment – at the following test points:

• value of voltage: U n ;
• value of current for direct connected meters: 0,1 I b , I b and I max;
• value of current for transformer operated meters: 0,05 I n , I n and I max ;
• value of power factor for meters for active energy: cos φ = 1 and cos φ = 0,5 inductive;
• value of power factor for meters for reactive energy: sin φ = 1 and sin φ = 0,5 inductive.

The accuracy test conditions shall be as specified in the relevant type test standard.

6 Conditioning

The MUT shall be exposed to the elevated temperature according to IEC 60068-2-2 as
follows:

• test Be: dry heat for heat-dissipating specimens with gradual change of temperature that
are required to be powered throughout the test;
• air velocity: low preferred (see IEC 60068-2-2, 4.2);
• temperature: the upper limit of the operating temperature range specified by the
manufacturer;
• duration of the test: 1 000 h;
 –8– 62059-32-1  IEC:2011

• MUT in operating conditions, with test load:

• value of voltage: 1,1 U n . If the meter is intended for several reference voltages, then
the highest reference voltage shall be taken into account;
• value of current: I max;
• value of power factor:
• for meters for active energy cos φ = 1;
• for meters for reactive energy sin φ = 1;
• if the meter measures both active and reactive energy, then the value of the power
factor shall be cos φ = 0,866 (sin φ = 0,5) inductive.

The tolerance of the voltage, current, power factor and the load that should be maintained
depends on the method chosen to verify energy measurement and registration; see 7.2 and
7.3.

The MUT shall be mounted as for normal operation, with all covers and terminal covers in
place. The ability of the MUT to transfer heat by thermal radiation shall be minimised. For
details, see IEC 60068-2-2, 6.3.

The MUT shall be connected as specified by the manufacturer, using the cable type specified
by the manufacturer. The length of the cables within the test chamber shall be 1 m each. The
cross-section shall be selected so that the current density is between 3,2 A/mm 2 and
4 A/mm 2 . If this would result in a cable with a cross-section of less than 1,5 mm 2 , then a
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
cable with a cross-section of 1,5 mm 2 shall be used.

(standards.iteh.ai)
In the case when the MUT is fitted with a load switch or when it is fitted with an overcurrent
tripping device or residual current device, such devices shall be disabled for this test. It shall
be confirmed that it is possible to calculate the energy consumption during the test using the
IEC 62059-32-1:2011
meter register. https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/2661df58-defb-4525-a673-
6f0cb8c4732b/iec-62059-32-1-2011
NOTE 1 The instructions of the manufacturer should be followed.

NOTE 2 The reason for this requirement is that for example in the case of pre-payment meters, a test running for
1 000 h would require huge amounts of credit. An overcurrent load switch might trip when tested for long periods at
I max .

The MUT is introduced into the chamber, which is at the temperature of the laboratory. The
load specified above is then applied, and the meter is checked to ascertain whether it is
capable of functioning in accordance with the relevant specification.

If necessary, a test shall be performed to determine if the test facility fulfils the requirements
of a low air velocity chamber or not. See IEC 60068-2-2, 4.2.

The temperature is then adjusted to the test temperature. The rate of change of the
temperature within the test chamber shall not exceed 1 K per minute, averaged over a period
of not more than 5 min.

After temperature stability of the MUT has been reached, it is exposed to the conditions
specified above for the specified duration.

NOTE 3 Temperature stability is reached, when the variation of percentage error at I max during 20 min does not
exceed 1/5th of the limit of percentage error at reference conditions, specified in the relevant standard. This may
be determined using the test output and a reference standard meter, or by applying a stable load and measuring
the frequency of the test output pulse stream.
62059-32-1  IEC:2011 –9–

7 Intermediate measurements – verification of energy measurement and

registration

7.1 General

During the conditioning, it shall be verified that the MUT does not exhibit any irregular
behaviour in energy measurement and registration.

NOTE 1 Examples of irregular behaviour are significant negative or positive measurement errors, mechanical
register jamming, LCD failure and the like.

To verify this, the percentage error of the energy registration shall be determined at the test
load, using the following formula:

energy registered by the meter − true energy

percentage error = × 100
true energy

The energy registered by the meter during a given interval is read from the register of the
MUT.

The true energy is determined using one of the following methods:

• Method A: using a reference meter. In this case, the true energy is read from the register
of a reference meter. For the test method and the relevant limits of percentage error, see
7.2. iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
• Method B: using a stable load.(standards.iteh.ai)
In this case, the true energy is calculated by multiplying the
test load with the length of the interval between two readings. For the test method and the
relevant limits of percentage error, see 7.3.
IEC 62059-32-1:2011
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The percentage error shall be calculated at least at the end of the test, and preferably at
regular intervals. 6f0cb8c4732b/iec-62059-32-1-2011

NOTE 2 Checking the accuracy at regular intervals facilitates an early discovery of any irregular behaviour.

7.2 Method A: Test method using a reference meter

7.2.1 Test conditions

In this case, a reference meter is installed outside the test chamber, exposed to the same
load as the MUT. The true energy is determined by reading this reference meter.

The test conditions shall be the following:

• voltage: 1,1 U n + 2 % …- 5 %;
• voltage balance (in the case of polyphase meters): ± 2 %;
• current: I max + 2 % …- 5 %;
• current balance (in the case of polyphase meters): ± 4 %;
• phase displacement of each phase current from the corresponding phase-to-neutral
o
voltage irrespective of the phase angle: 4 ;
o
• power factor: corresponding to ± 4 ;
• overall tolerance of the test load: ± 5 %;
• the laboratory temperature shall be 23 °C ± 2 °C.
NOTE As with this test method the variation of the load may cause only secondary effects, the tolerances
compared to the usual accuracy test conditions have been relaxed and do not require a high precision test bench.
 – 10 – 62059-32-1  IEC:2011

7.2.2 Test using a reference standard meter

In this case, a reference standard meter shall be used.

NOTE The measurement errors of this meter should be negligible compared to the error limits of the MUT.

The limit of the percentage error, calculated using the formula in 7.1 is:

emax = 2 eo2 + eU2 + e T2

where:

• e o is the limit of the percentage error at the test load and at the reference conditions;
• e U is the limit of variation in percentage error due to voltage variation;
• e T is the limit of variation in percentage error due to temperature variation,

specified in the relevant type test standard.

If the meter is for active and reactive energy, then the test, as specified in Clause 6, shall be
performed at cos φ = 0,866 (sin φ = 0,5) inductive. For the values of e o , e U and e T , the values
relevant for cos φ = 0,5 and sin φ = 0,5 shall be taken into account.

If the percentage error exceeds e max, this indicates that the behaviour of the MUT is irregular.
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
The MUT failed and the test can be terminated.

EXAMPLE
(standards.iteh.ai)
– the MUT is a static meter for active energy, of accuracy class 2. The reference temperature is + 23 °C. The
IEC is62059-32-1:2011
upper limit of the operating temperature range + 55 °C;
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/2661df58-defb-4525-a673-
– according to IEC 62053-21, at the test load:
6f0cb8c4732b/iec-62059-32-1-2011
• the limit of the percentage error is ± 2 %;

• the limit of the variation in percentage error due to voltage variation is ± 1 %;

• the limit of the variation in percentage error due to temperature variation is ± 3,2 %
(0,1 % / K × 32 K);

– if the percentage error exceeds 2 22 + 12 + 3,22 = ±7,8% , this indicates an irregular behaviour and the MUT
failed.

7.2.3 Test using a reference meter of the same type as the MUT

In this case, the reference meter shall be of the same type and shall have the same reference
values as the MUT.

NOTE 1 It is assumed, that the behaviour of the MUT and the reference meter in the presence of influence
quantities and disturbances is similar.

NOTE 2 Special care should be taken to ensure that the load on the reference meter and the MUT is the same. In
the case of meters, where the voltage and current circuits cannot be separated, the voltage circuits of the MUT and
the reference meter should be supplied via appropriate multi-secondary voltage transformers, so that the test
conditions are met.

Before the test, the percentage error of the reference meter at the test load (1,1 U n , I max)
shall be determined. The absolute value of this percentage error is denoted e r .

The limit of the percentage error, calculated using the formula in 7.1 is:

emax = 2 ( eo + er ) 2 + e T2