Papers by Martial Bernoux
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
The pan-African Great Green Wall (GGW) is an initiative that was initially meant to involve the p... more The pan-African Great Green Wall (GGW) is an initiative that was initially meant to involve the planting of a 15 km wide transcontinental forest belt running from Dakar to Djibouti. This major project is designed to combat desertifi cation. The band of vegetation is to be as continuous as possible, but it may be rerouted if necessary to skirt around obstacles (streams, rocky areas, mountains) or to link inhabited areas (see grandemurailleverte.org).
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Climatic Change, 2020
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Scientific Reports, 2019
Adoption of no-till management on croplands has become a controversial approach for storing carbo... more Adoption of no-till management on croplands has become a controversial approach for storing carbon in soil due to conflicting findings. Yet, no-till is still promoted as a management practice to stabilize the global climate system from additional change due to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, including the 4 per mille initiative promoted through the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. We evaluated the body of literature surrounding this practice, and found that SOC storage can be higher under no-till management in some soil types and climatic conditions even with redistribution of SOC, and contribute to reducing net greenhouse gas emissions. However, uncertainties tend to be large, which may make this approach less attractive as a contributor to stabilize the climate system compared to other options. Consequently, no-till may be better viewed as a method for reducing soil erosion, adapting to climate change, and ensuring food security, while any increase in SOC storage...
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Earth-Science Reviews, 2016
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2006
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
What challenges for the South? A After being excluded, agriculture is gradually gaining a positio... more What challenges for the South? A After being excluded, agriculture is gradually gaining a position in climate policy negotiations. The IPCC Fifth Assessment Report assessed the potential reduction of GHG at between 20 and 60% in land-based sectors (agriculture, forestry and other land use) by 2030. The challenge to the sector is enormous. Greenhouse gas emission must be reduced in agriculture. The latter must also adapt to climate change while responding to food security imperatives. According to the FAO, agricultural production should at least double by 2050 to match population growth.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Quels défis pour le Sud ? A près en avoir été exclue, l’agriculture se fait progressivement une p... more Quels défis pour le Sud ? A près en avoir été exclue, l’agriculture se fait progressivement une place dans les négociations sur les politiques climatiques. Le 5e rapport du Giec a évalué entre 20 et 60 % le potentiel de réduction des émissions de GES par le « secteur des terres » (agriculture, forêt et sols) d’ici 2030. Le défi posé au secteur est gigantesque. L’agriculture doit réduire ses émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Elle doit aussi s’adapter au changement climatique, tout en répondant aux impératifs de sécurité alimentaire. Or, selon la FAO, la production agricole devrait au moins doubler d’ici 2050 pour faire face à la croissance démographique.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
In the current context of climate change, oil palm plantations are much criticized because they r... more In the current context of climate change, oil palm plantations are much criticized because they replace large areas of tropical forests. In Benin Republic, located in the Sudano-Guinean region, smallholder's oil palm plantations do not replace forests but old and unproductive croplands. In some of these palm plantations, pruned leaves from the palm trees are deposited to the soil for recycling. A study was conducted in southeastern Benin to evaluate the effect of the input of pruned leaves on soil carbon sequestration in smallholders' plantations. The study area is characterized by a mean annual precipitation in the range 1300-1400 mm. Soils are slightly desaturated ferralsols. Young palm plantations (4-6 year-old), pre-adults (7-12 year-old) and adults (13-20 year-old) were selected. In the young plantations, the leaves pruning is not occurring yet. In the pre-adults and adults plantations, the leaves have been cut down and recycled during respectively 4 years and 10 years,...
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Environmental Research Letters, 2019
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Land Degradation & Development, 2019
Land degradation and regeneration are complex processes that greatly impact climate regulation, e... more Land degradation and regeneration are complex processes that greatly impact climate regulation, ecosystem service provision, and population well‐being and require an urgent and appropriate response through land use planning and interventions. Spatially explicit land change models can greatly help decision makers, but traditional regression approaches fail to capture the nonlinearity and complex interactions of the underlying drivers. Our objective was to use a machine learning algorithm combined with high‐resolution data sets to provide simultaneous and spatial forecasts of deforestation, land degradation, and regeneration for the next two decades. A 17,000‐km2 region in the south of Madagascar was taken as the study area. First, an empirical analysis of drivers of change was conducted, and then, an ensemble model was calibrated to predict and map potential changes based on 12 potential explanatory variables. These potential change maps were used to draw three scenarios of land chan...
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Regional Environmental Change, 2017
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Journal of Arid Land, 2017
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Journal of Arid Environments, 2016
Abstract In the context of climate change, studies have focused on the temperature dependence of ... more Abstract In the context of climate change, studies have focused on the temperature dependence of soil CO 2 emissions. Although calcareous soils cover over 30% of the earth's land surface, few studies have considered calcareous soils where soil inorganic carbon (SIC) makes the analysis of the C fluxes at the soil to air interface more complex. This study tested how temperature could affect the contributions of soil organic carbon (SOC) and SIC to the CO 2 emitted from a calcareous soil. The soil pH, CO 2 emissions and δ 13 C signatures of CO 2 were measured after soil incubations at 4 temperatures (20 °C, 30 °C, 40 °C and 50 °C). The CO 2 emissions and the δ 13 C signature of the emitted CO 2 increased with temperature. The proportion of SIC-derived CO 2 in these emissions seemed to be stimulated by temperature. Three processes were discussed: (1) isotopic fractionations, (2) temperature impacts on SIC- and SOC-derived CO 2 , and (3) isotope exchanges between SIC- and SOC-derived CO 2 . The use of δ 13 C signature analysis to determine the contribution of SIC and SOC to the total CO 2 emissions from soil is not straightforward. An increase in the SIC signature of emitted CO 2 does not directly imply an increase in SIC as a source of CO 2.
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Geoderma, 2017
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Plant and Soil, 2015
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
21èmes Rencontres autour de la Recherche sur les Ruminants (Journées 3R), Paris, France, 3 et 4 décembre 2014, 2014
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact
Uploads
Papers by Martial Bernoux