UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO

FACULTAD DE ESTUDIOS SUPERIORES

ZARAGOZA
Av. Guelatao 66, Ejército de Oriente 09230, Ciudad de México D.F,
Distrito Federal

INGENIERÍA QUÍMICA

HOJA DE CALCULO DE BALANCE DE MASA Y ENERGIA DE LA

SINTESIS DE AMONIACO

BALANCE DE MASA Y ENERGÍA

4401

Integrantes:
Barragán Aguilar José Manuel
Franco Romo Daniel Martin
Jiménez Sánchez Oscar
Nájera Galarza Erick Emmanuel
Rosas García Javier
Villavicencio Hernández María Fernanda
HOJA DE CÁLCULO

BALANCE DE MATERIA

F1+ F9= F2

N2: F1X1N2 + F9X9N2= F2X2N2

H2: F1X1H2 + F9X9H2= F2X2H2

SUSTITUYENDO

N2: (97.8) + (0.25) + F9X9N2= F2X2N2…………………… EC1

H2: (97.8) + (0.75) + F9X9H2= F2X2H2……………………...EC2

NH3: F1X1NH3 = F2X2NH3……………………………..EC 3

Por lo tanto: F3= F4= F5

Ahora:

N2 + 3H2 = 2NH3
X (N2) = 0.1233

COMPONENTE ENTRADA PRODUCTO = CONSUMO SALIDA

H2 F2X2H2 0 = ¿?

N2 F2X2N2 0 = 0.1233 (F2X2N2) F2X

2
N2 (1-0.1233)

NH3 0 F5X5NH3 = 0 F5X5NH3

F5X5N2 = F2X2N2 (1- 0.1233)…………….. EC 4

Como sabemos que:

F7X7H2 + F7X7N2 = 0.9945 (F5X5N2 + F5X5H2)

F7X7N2 = 0.99945 F5X5N2

F7X7N2 = 0.9945 (1-0.1233) F2X2N2………………EC 5

Para corriente F8= F7

X1(N2) = 0.1

Produce: (0.1) (0.0945) (1-0.1233) F2X2N2

COMPONENTE ENTRADA PRODUCTO = CONSUMO SALIDA

N2 0.9945 ( 1-0.1233) F2X2N2 = 0 ( 0.1) ( 0.9945)

SALIDA= (0.9945) (1-0.1233) (F2X2N2) (1-0.1)

F9X9N2 = ((0.9945) (1-0.1233)( F2X2N2)) ( 1-0.1)………..EC 6

Sustituyendo ec. 6 en ec. 1

24.45+ (0.9945) (1-0.1233) (F2X2N2) (1-00.1) = F2X2N2

24.5= F2X2N2 (1-(0.9945) (1-0.1233) (1-0.1)

24.5= F2X2N2 (0.2153)

F2X2N2= 24.45 / 0.2153

F2X2N2 = 113.5624 mol/ h

Sustituyendo F2X2N2 en ecuación 4

F5X5N2 = F2X2N2 (1-0.1233)

F5X5N2 = (113.5624) (1-0.1233)
F5X5N2 = 99.5601 mol/h

Sustituyendo F2X2N2 en ecuación 3

F7X7N2= 0.9945 (1-0.1233) (113.5624)

F7X7N2= 99.0125mol/h

Sustituyendo F2X2N2 en ecuación 3

F9X9N2 = 8 0.9945) (1-0.1233) (113.5624) (1-0.1)

F9X9N2= 89.1113 mol /h
Para la corriente F7= F8 EN R-401

F7X7N2= 99.0425 mol/h

Ahora:

N2 + 3H2 2NH3

99.0425

99.0425 (2) = 198.025

PRODUCE: (0.1) (198.025)

COMPONENTE ENTRADA PRODUCTO = CONSUMO SALIDA

NH3 0 (0.1) (198.025) = 0 (0.1) (198.025)

F9X9NH3= 18.8025 mol/h

Para la corriente F2= F9 EN R-402

F2X2N2= 113.5624 mol/h

Ahora:

N2 + 3H2 2NH3

113.5624

113.5624 (2) = 227.1248

PRODUCE: (0.1233) (227.1248)

COMPONENTE ENTRADA PRODUCTO = CONSUMO SALIDA

NH3 19.8025 (0.1233) (227.1248) = 0

SALIDA: (19.8025)+ (0.1233) (227.1248) = 47.8069

F5X5NH3= 47.8069 mol/h

Como la corriente 6 se obtiene todo el NH3 tenemos:

F5X5NH3 = F6X6NH3

BALANCE POR COMPONENTE

N2: F5X5N2 = F6X6N2 + F7X7N2

Despejando a F6X6N2

F6X6N2= 99.5601 - 99.0125

F6X6N2 = 0.5476 mol/ h

M6m6N2 = (0.5476 mol/h) (28 g/mol) (peso molecular del nitrógeno)

M6m6N2 = 15.3328 g/h

M6= M6m6N2 + M6m6NH3 + M6m6H2…………. EC 7

Ahora:

M1= M6

Pmpromedio= (0.25) (28) + (0.25) (2)= 8.5 g/mol

M1= (97.8) (8.5) = 831.3 g/h = M6

M6 = 831.3 g/h

M6m6NH3 = M5m5NH3= (47.8069 mol/h) (17 g/mol)

M5m5NH3 = 812.7173 g/h

Despejando de ecuación 7

M6m6H2 = M6 - M6m6N2 - M6m6NH3

= 831.3 – 15.3328 – 812.7173
= 3.2499 g/h

F6x6H2= 3.2499 g/h / 2g/h

F6x6H2= 1.6249 mol/h

Ahora:

N2 + 3H2 2NH3

113.5624

113.5624 (3) = 340.6872

PRODUCE: (340.6872) (0.1233)

COMPONENTE ENTRADA PRODUCTO = CONSUMO SALIDA

H2 0 340.6872) (198.025) = 340.6872

SALIDA: (0.1233) F5X5H2

DONDE:

F2X2H2 = (340.6872) (0.1233) + F5X5H2

F5X5H2 = F2X2H2 - 42.0067

Si sabemos que:

F7X7H2= 0.9945 F5X5H2

F7X7H2= 0.9945 (F2X2H2 – 42.0007)
= 0.9945 F2X2H2 – 41.7756…………….EC 8

Para la corriente F8 = F7 EN EL R-401

Ahora:

N2 + 3H2 2NH3
F7X7N2 3 F7X7N2

Consume: (3F7X7N2) (0.1)

COMPONENTE ENTRADA PRODUCTO = CONSUMO SALIDA

H2 (0.9945 F2X2H2-41.2256) 0 = (3F7X7N2) (0.1)

SALIDA= 0.9945 F2X2H2-41.2256 – (0.1) (3) F7X7N2

= 0.9945 F2X2H2-41.2256 – (0.1) (3) (99.0125)

F9X9H2= 0.9945 F2X2H2- 71.47935………….. EC.9

Sustituyendo ecuación 9 en ecuación 2

73.35 + 0.9945 F2X2H2- 71.47935 - F2X2H2

73.35 – 71.47935= F2X2H2 (1- 0.9945)
F2X2H2= 1.87065/ 0.0055

F2X2H2 = 340.1181 mol/h

Sustituyendo en 8

F7X7H2 = 0.9945 (340.1181) – 41.7756

F7X7H2 = 296.4718mol/h (2 g/mol)
F7X7H2 = 592.9436 g/h

M7m7H2 = 592.9436 g/h

M2 = M2m2H2 + M2m2N2 + M2m2NH3

M2m2H2 = (340.1181mol/h) (2g/mol)= 60.2362g/h
M2m2N2 = (113.562) (28) = 3179.736g/h
M2m2NH3 = M9m9NH3= (19.8025) (17) = 336.6425 g/h

M2= 680.2362+3172.7422+ 336.6425

M2= 4196.5959 g/h

M2= M3= M5= M4

M7= M7m7H2 + M7m7N2

M7= (99.0125mol/h) (28 g/mol)= 2772.35g/h
M7= 592.9436 +2772.35
M7= 3365.2963g/h
Ahora:

M7= M8= M9

Calculando

F2= F2X2H2 + F2X2N2 + F2X2NH3

F2 = 340.1181 + 113.5624 +19.8025
F2 = 473.486 mol/h

Sustituyendo

F7X7H2 = 0.0945 F5X5H2

F5X5H2 = 296.4718 / 0.0945
F5X5H2 = 298.1114 mol/h

F5= F5X5N2 + F5X5NH3

F5 = 298.1114 + 99.5601 +97.8069
F5 = 445.4784 mol/ h

Ahora:

F5= F4= F3

F6 = F6X6H2 + F6X6N2 + F6X6NH3

F6= 1.6249 + 0.5976 + 47.8069
F6= 49.9794 mol/h

F7 = F7X7H2 + F7X7N2 + F7X7NH3

F7 = 296.4718 + 99.0125
F7 = 395.4843mol/h

F7= F3
F9 + F1= F2
F9= F2-F1
F9= 473.483 – 97.8
F9= 375.683 mol/h
M9 = M2 – M1
M9 = 3365.2959g/h

M5 = M5m5H2 + M5m5N2 + M5m5NH3

M5 = (298.1114) (2)+ (99.5601) (28) + (47.8069)
M5= 4196.6229 g/h

CORRIENTE Mol/g g/h

1 97.8 231.3
2 473.483 4196.5959
3 445.43811 4196.5229
4 445.47811 4196.6229
5 445.47811 4196.6229
6 49.9794 831.3
7 395.4943 3365.2936
8 395.4943 3365.2936
9 375.683 3365.2959

BALANCE DE ENERGIA

Temperatura
T8 = 425 0C

Cp

N2 = 0.0208 Kj/ mol 0C

H2 = 0.0288 Kj/ mol 0C
NH3= 0.0369 Kj/ mol 0C

ΔHfNH3 = -45.92 Kj/ mol 0C

BALANCE DE ENERGIA EN EL REACTOR R-401

N8H8 + Q = N9H9 + ΔHr

H8= Cp8 (T8 –Tr)
Cp8= (0.025035) (0.0208) + (0.74965) (0.0288)
Cp8= 0.0268 Kj/ mol 0C

H8= Cp8 (T8 –Tr)

H8= 0.0268 (425- 25)
H8= 10.71888 Kj/mol 0C

N8H8= (10.71888) (395.4843)

N8H8= 4239.1487 Kj/mol 0C

ΔHr = (-45.92 Kj/mol) (19.82104 mol/h)

ΔHr = -910.18193 Kj/h

Q= 0

PARA H9

H9= N8H8 - ΔHr / N9

H9= 4239.1487+ 910.18193/ 375.683
H9= 1370658 Kj/mol

Cp9= (0.02372) (0.0208) + (0.71004) (0.0288) + (0.05276) (0.0369)

Cp9= 0.027333 Kj/mol 0C

H9= Cp9 (T9 –Tr)

T9= H9/ Cp9 + 25

T9= 13.70658 / 0.02733+ 25
T9= 526.52 0 C

BALANCE DE ENERGIA EN EL REACTOR M-401

N9H9 + N1H1 + Q = N2H2

N9H9= (13.70658 Kj/mol) (372.683 mol/h)
N9H9= 5149.32909 Kj/h
H1= Cp1 (T1 –Tr) (Temperatura de referencia 250C)

Cp1= (0.25) (0.0208) + (0.75) (0.0288)

Cp1= 0.0268 Kj/mol0C

N1H1= (97.8mol/h) (0.67Kj/mol)

N1H1= 65.526 Kj/h

Q= 0

Para H2

H2= N9H9 - N1H1 / N2

H2= 5149.32909 KJ/h + 65.526 Kj/h
H2= 11.01382 Kj/mol

H2= Cp2 (T2 –Tr)

H2= Cp2 (T2 –25)

Cp2= (0.23984) (0.0208) + (0.7183) (0.0283) + (0.04186) (0.0369)

Cp2= 0.02722Kj/mol 0 C

Entonces:

H2= Cp2 (T2 –25)

Despejando la T2

T2= H2/ Cp2 + 25

T2= 11.01382 / 0.02722 + 25
T2= 429.6224 0 C

BALANCE DE MATERIA EN R-402

PM F2 F3 M2 M3
NH3 17 19.82 47.80834 336.91 812.74178
H2 2 340.10284 298.06602 680.50268 596.13204
N2 28 113.56016 99.55875 3179.68448 2787.645
∑TOTAL=4196.83016 ∑TOTAL=4196.5188
M3NH3= 812.74178
m3NH3= 47.80834

Masa que se produce en el reactor

MPRODUCTO = M3NH3 - m3NH3

MPRODUCTO = 475.53178 a mol
Nproducto= 27.98834

BALANCE DE ENERGIA EN EL REACTOR R-402

ΔHr = (-45.92Kj/mol) (27.98834 mol/h)

ΔHr = - 1285.22457 Kj/h

N2H2 + Q = N3H3 + ΔHr donde Q= 0

N2H2= (11.01382 Kj/mol) (473.483 mol/h)
N2H2= 5214.85654 Kj/h

Cp3= (0.22351) (0.0208)+ (0.66916) (0.0288) +( .010733) (0.0369)

Cp3= 0.02788 Kj/mol 0C

H3= N2H2 - ΔHr / N3

H3= 5214.8564 Kj/h + 1285.22457 Kj/h / 445.43311 mol/h
H3= 14.59272 Kj/mol

H3= Cp3 (T3 –25)

Despejando la T3

T3= H3/ Cp3 + 25

T3= 14.59272 / 0.02788 + 25
T3= 548.41180 0 C
BALANCE DE ENERGIA EN EL REACTOR E-401DONDE Q = 0

N3H3 + N7H7 = N4H4 + N8H8

BALANCE DE ENERGIA GLOBAL

N1H1 + QT = N6H6 + ΔHr; QT= QE

BALANCE DE ENERGIA PARA T-401

N5H5 = N6H6 + N7H7 donde T6= T7= TX

TX= N5H5 / N7 Cp7+ N6 Cp6 + 25

N5H5 = N6 ((Cp6 (TX -25)) + H7 ((TX -25))

Cp5= Cp3= Cp4 = 0.02788 Kj/mol0C

Cp6= (0.01094) (0.0208) + (0.0325) (0.0288) + (0.9565)(0.0369)

Cp6= 0.03646 Kj/mol 0 C

Cp7= Cp8= 0.0268Kj/mol 0C

N5H5= (445.43311) (50- 25)

N5H5= 310.16688 Kj/h

Ahora:

310.46688= 1.82225Tx -45.55622 +10.59898 TX – 264.97448

620.99758 = 12.4213TX

TX= 620.99758 /12.4213

TX= 49.994850C aproximado a 500C

TX= T6 =T7= 49.994850C aproximado a 500C

BALANCE DE ENERGIA EN EL REACTOR E-401

N3H3 + N7H7 = N4H4 + N8H8

H7 = 0.0268 (50-25)
H7 = 0.67

N3H3= (445.43311) (14.59272)

N3H3= 6500.08065 Kj/h

N7H7 = (395.4843) (0.67)

N7H7 = 264.97448 Kj/h

N8H8= 4239.1487 Kj/h

H4= N3H3 + N7H7 - N8H8 / N4

H4= (6500.68065) + (264.97448) – 4239.1487 / 445.43311
H4= 5.67068

H4= Cp4 (T4 –25)

Despejando la T4

T4= H4/ Cp4 + 25

T4= 5.67068 / 0.02788 + 25
T4= 228.39598 0 C
TABLA DE TEMPERATURAS

TEMPERATURAS
T1 50
T2 429.62234
T3 548.41180
T4 228.395998
T5 50
T6 50
T7 50
T8 425
T9 526.51

Para calcular el calor de E-402 se realizar el siguiente balance:

N4H4 + Q = N5H5

Q= N5H5 - N4H4

Q= (445.43311) (0.697 – 5.67068)

Q= - 2215.44175 KJ/h