rost

See also: Rost, róst, ròst, rošt, rôt, röst, Røst, and рост

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɹəʊst/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Etymology 1

Noun

rost (plural rosts)

1. (Scotland) Alternative form of roust (a strong tide or current)

References

• “rost”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

Etymology 2

Verb

rost (third-person singular simple present rosts, present participle rosting, simple past and past participle rosted)

1. Obsolete form of roast.
   • 1595, George Peele, The Old Wives’ Tale, The Malone Society Reprints, 1908, lines 82-85,^[1]

     Well Masters if you will eate nothing take away: Come, what doo we to passe away the time? Lay a crab in the fire to rost for Lambes-wooll […]

   • 1612, John Smith, Map of Virginia, Kupperman, published 1988, page 138:

     Their corne they rost in the eare greene, and bruising it in a morter of wood with a Polt, lappe it in rowles in the leaves of their corne, and so boyle it for a daintie.

   • 1669, John Baptista Porta, Natural Magick, page 322:

     […] and care must be had to rost him so leasurely, that he neither burn, nor continue raw: for when the skin seems crup, it is a sign all is rosted, and the Polenta is taken away.

Noun

rost (countable and uncountable, plural rosts)

1. Obsolete form of roast.
   • 1575, “Gammer Gurton’s Needle”, in A Select Collection of Old Plays. […], 2nd edition, volume II, London: […] J. Nichols; for J. Dodsley, […], published 1780, page 20:

     I love no roſt, but a nut-brown toſte, and a crab layde in the fyre, / A lytle bread ſhall do me stead, much breade I not deſyre.

   • 1600, S[amuel] R[owlands], The Letting of Humours Blood in the Head-Vaine. […], London: […] W. White for W. F., page 9:

     When Thraſo meets his friend, he ſweares by God, / Vnto his Chamber he ſhall welcome be: / Not that hee’le cloy him there with roſt or ſod, / Such vulgar diet with Cookes ſhops agree: / But hee’le preſent moſt kinde, exceeding franke / The beſt Tabacco, that he euer dranke.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Isaiah 44:16, column 1:

     He burneth part thereof in the fire: with part thereof he eateth fleſh: he roſteth roſt, and is ſatiſfied: yea hee warmeth himſelfe, and ſaith; Aha, I am warme, I haue ſeene the fire.

   • 1634, A Strange Metamorphosis of Man, Transformed into a VVildernesse. Deciphered in Characters., London: […] Thomas Harper, […] sold by Lawrence Chapman […]:

     If Pluto’s treaſury be golden Mynes in the bowels of the earth, this is his Kitchin, ſeated in his cellars there, or his Coalehouſe rather, where hee ſtores his fuell for his roſts.

Adjective

rost (not comparable)

1. Obsolete form of roast.
   • 1510, “Notes from an Old City Account Book”, in The Archaeological Journal. […], volume XLIII, London: […] the Office of the [Royal Archaeological] Institute, […], published 1886, page 172:

     The secund covrse / Creme off almonds Rost coney plouers small byrds & custard

   • 1622, Relation or Iournall of the Beginning and Proceedings of the English Plantation Setled at Plimoth in New England, by Certaine English Aduenturers Both Merchants and Others. […], London: […] [J. Dawson] for Iohn Bellamie, […], page 47:

     After ſupper we went to reſt, and they to fiſhing againe: more they gat and fell to eating a freſh, and retayned ſufficient readie roſt for all our break-faſts.

   • 1623, G[ervase] M[arkham], “Of the Outward and Actiue Knowledge of the Hous-wife; and of Her Skill in Cookerie; as Sallets of All Sorts, with Flesh, Fish, Sauces, Pastrie, Banqueting-stuffe, and Ordering of Great Feasts: Also Distillations, Perfumes, Conceited Secrets, and Preseruing Wine of All Sorts”, in Covntrey Contentments, or The English Husvvife. […], London: Printed by I. B. for R. Iackson, […], →OCLC, page 126:

     Next them all ſorts of Roſt-meates, of which the greateſt firſt, as Chine of beeffe or Surloine, the Gigget or Legges of Mutton, Gooſſe, Swan, Veale, Pig, Capon, and ſuch like.

   • 1649, Εικων Ἡ Πιστη [Eikōn Hē Pistē]. Or, The Faithfull Pourtraicture of a Loyall Subject, in Vindication of Εικὼν Βασιλική [Eikṑn Basilikḗ]. […], [London]: [s.n.], page 61:

     […] will you take the foam of a mad dog, and put it into your pot of pottage, to poyſon half the family, that you may have the more roſt meat to your ſelves?

Anagrams

• RTOS, RTOs, TROs, orts, rots, sort, tors

Breton

Etymology

From Old French rostir, of West Germanic origin.

Noun

rost m

1. roasted meat

Catalan

Etymology

Uncertain. Perhaps of pre-Roman origin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈrɔst]

Adjective

rost (feminine rosta, masculine plural rosts or rostos, feminine plural rostes)

1. steep

Noun

rost m (plural rosts or rostos)

1. a steep slope

Further reading

• “rost” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “rost” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Danish

Verb

rost

1. past participle of rose

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔst

Adjective

rost

1. superlative degree of ros

Anagrams

• rots, stro, tros

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈroʃt]
• Hyphenation: rost
• Rhymes: -oʃt

Etymology 1

Uncertain. Perhaps from an unattested stem + -t (noun-forming suffix).

Noun

rost (plural rostok)

1. fiber

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	rost	rostok
accusative	rostot	rostokat
dative	rostnak	rostoknak
instrumental	rosttal	rostokkal
causal-final	rostért	rostokért
translative	rosttá	rostokká
terminative	rostig	rostokig
essive-formal	rostként	rostokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	rostban	rostokban
superessive	roston	rostokon
adessive	rostnál	rostoknál
illative	rostba	rostokba
sublative	rostra	rostokra
allative	rosthoz	rostokhoz
elative	rostból	rostokból
delative	rostról	rostokról
ablative	rosttól	rostoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	rosté	rostoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	rostéi	rostokéi

Possessive forms of rost
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	rostom	rostjaim
2nd person sing.	rostod	rostjaid
3rd person sing.	rostja	rostjai
1st person plural	rostunk	rostjaink
2nd person plural	rostotok	rostjaitok
3rd person plural	rostjuk	rostjaik

Etymology 2

Borrowed from German, more specifically from Bavarian. Compare Rost (“grill”).

Noun

rost (plural rostok)

1. grill (grid of metal to roast food on)

   Synonyms: rostély, vasrács

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	rost	rostok
accusative	rostot	rostokat
dative	rostnak	rostoknak
instrumental	rosttal	rostokkal
causal-final	rostért	rostokért
translative	rosttá	rostokká
terminative	rostig	rostokig
essive-formal	rostként	rostokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	rostban	rostokban
superessive	roston	rostokon
adessive	rostnál	rostoknál
illative	rostba	rostokba
sublative	rostra	rostokra
allative	rosthoz	rostokhoz
elative	rostból	rostokból
delative	rostról	rostokról
ablative	rosttól	rostoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	rosté	rostoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	rostéi	rostokéi

Possessive forms of rost
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	rostom	rostjaim
2nd person sing.	rostod	rostjaid
3rd person sing.	rostja	rostjai
1st person plural	rostunk	rostjaink
2nd person plural	rostotok	rostjaitok
3rd person plural	rostjuk	rostjaik

Further reading

• (fiber): rost in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• (grill): rost in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Lombard

Etymology

From Old French rostir, of West Germanic origin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrɔʃt/

Noun

rost m (invariable)

1. roast

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [rɔst]

Verb

rost

1. supine of rosć

Middle English

Etymology 1

Noun

rost

1. Alternative form of roste (“roast”)

Etymology 2

Noun

rost

1. Alternative form of rust

Etymology 3

Verb

rost

1. Alternative form of rosten (“to roast”)

Polish

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *orstъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrɔst/
• Rhymes: -ɔst
• Syllabification: rost

Noun

rost m inan

1. (dialectal) Alternative form of wzrost

Declension

Declension of rost

	singular	plural
nominative	rost	rosty
genitive	rostu	rostów
dative	rostowi	rostom
accusative	rost	rosty
instrumental	rostem	rostami
locative	roście	rostach
vocative	roście	rosty

Related terms

nouns

• dorost
• narost
• odrost
• podrost
• porost
• przedrost
• przerost
• przyrost
• rozrost
• wodorost
• wyrost
• wzrost
• zarost
• zrost

 

Further reading

• rost in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

Inherited from Latin rōstrum. Compare Aromanian arostu. Compare also related meanings in Albanian rast.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

rost n (plural rosturi)

1. order
2. sense, meaning

   Synonym: sens

3. purpose, aim
4. justification
5. job
6. (obsolete) mouth

   Synonym: gură

7. (obsolete) the faculty of speaking, speech

   Synonym: vorbire

Declension

	singular			plural
	indefinite	definite		indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	rost	rostul		rosturi	rosturile
genitive-dative	rost	rostului		rosturi	rosturilor
vocative	rostule			rosturilor

Related terms

• rosti

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish rost, from Old Norse *rustr, from Proto-Germanic *rustaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-.

Noun

rost c

1. (uncountable) rust (on iron or steel)
2. (uncountable) rust (plant disease)
3. a gridiron, a grill

Declension

Declension of rost

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	rost	rosts
	definite	rosten	rostens
plural	indefinite	rostar	rostars
	definite	rostarna	rostarnas

Derived terms

• brödrost (“toaster”)
• rost i kalsongerna
• rostfri
• rostpendel
• rostskydd

Related terms

• rosta
• rostig

References

• rost in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• rost in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• rost in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• Tors, orts, rots, sort, stor, tros

Talysh

Etymology

Cognate with Persian راست (rāst).

Adjective

rost

1. right (dexter)