patronal

English

Etymology

From Latin patronalis; compare French patronal.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pəˈtɹəʊnəl/

Adjective

patronal (comparative more patronal, superlative most patronal)

1. patron; protecting; favouring
   • 1650, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], →OCLC:

     Lest the name thereof being discovered unto their enemies, their penates and patronal god might be called forth by charms and incantations.

   • 2013, Michael Bhaskar, The Content Machine:

     Nor has the state lost its patronal role, with ministries of culture and publicly funded arts bodies sustaining the cultural economy.

2. Pertaining to a strong authoritarian leader who controls access to resources.
   • 1988, Dietrich Denecke, Gareth Shaw, Alan R H Baker, Urban Historical Geography: Recent Progress in Britain and Germany, →ISBN:

     Aristocratic involvement in the development of towns and cities in nineteenth-entury Britain has long been recognised, but much less attention has been paid to the character of the patronal relationships which existed between aristocratic urban landlords and their tenantry.

   • 2012, Zeba A. Crook, Reconceptualising Conversion, →ISBN:

     Manumission loyalty also offers us insights into how ancient conversion might look in a context of patronage and benefaction, for slaves did not change patrons when they attained their freedom, but rather underwent a considerable change within the patronal relationship.

   • 2015, Henry E. Hale, Patronal Politics, →ISBN, page 455:

     In considering how the preceding analysis relates to the rest of the world, one can think of the post-Soviet countries as providing something like a pristine context in which to study the fundamental characteristics of patronal politics.

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin patrōnālis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [pə.tɾuˈnal]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [pə.tɾoˈnal]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [pa.tɾoˈnal]

Adjective

patronal m or f (masculine and feminine plural patronals)

1. patronal
2. (relational) patron saint

   festa patronal ― saint's day

3. (relational) owner, employer, management

   organització patronal ― employers' organization

Derived terms

• tancament patronal

Noun

patronal f (plural patronals)

1. employers' organization

Further reading

• “patronal”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024

French

Etymology

From patron +‎ -al. Compare Italian patronale.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

patronal (feminine patronale, masculine plural patronaux, feminine plural patronales)

1. (relational) saint
2. (relational) employer's

Further reading

• “patronal”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /pa.tɾoˈnaw/ [pa.tɾoˈnaʊ̯]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɐ.tɾuˈnal/ [pɐ.tɾuˈnaɫ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɐ.tɾuˈnal/ [pɐ.tɾuˈnaɫ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɐ.tɾuˈna.li/

• Rhymes: -al, -aw
• Hyphenation: pa‧tro‧nal

Adjective

patronal m or f (plural patronais, not comparable)

1. (relational) employer

Derived terms

• entidade patronal

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French patronal. By surface analysis, patron +‎ -al.

Adjective

patronal m or n (feminine singular patronală, masculine plural patronali, feminine and neuter plural patronale)

1. patronal
2. relating to an employer

Declension

		singular				plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine		masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative- accusative	indefinite	patronal		patronală		patronali	patronale
	definite	patronalul		patronala		patronalii	patronalele
genitive- dative	indefinite	patronal		patronale		patronali	patronale
	definite	patronalului		patronalei		patronalilor	patronalelor

Spanish

Etymology

From patrono +‎ -al or patrón +‎ -al.

Adjective

patronal m or f (masculine and feminine plural patronales)

1. (relational) patron saint
2. patronal
3. (relational) owner of a house where someone is a guest
4. (relational) employer
5. (relational) management
6. (nautical, relational) skipper

Derived terms

• cierre patronal

 

Noun

patronal f (plural patronales)

1. management
2. employers

Further reading

• “patronal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28