patina

See also: Patina, patína, pátina, and patiná

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian patina, from Latin patina (“dish, pan”), itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek πατάνη (patánē), either from Proto-Indo-European *peth₂- (“to spread”) or from Pre-Greek. Doublet of paten, patena, and patine.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈpætɪnə/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (US) IPA^(key): /pəˈtiː.nə/, /ˈpæ.tɪ.nə/
• Rhymes: -ætɪnə, -iːnə

Noun

patina (countable and uncountable, plural patinas or patinae)

1. (originally) A paten, flat type of dish.
2. The colour or incrustation which age and wear give to (mainly metallic) objects; especially, the green rust which covers works of art such as ancient bronzes, coins and medals.

   Hyponym: verdigris

3. A green colour, tinted with grey, like that of bronze patina.

   patina:  

4. (figurative) A gloss or superficial layer.

   he enjoys a patina of respect by the police, despite being an ex-criminal

   • 2012, Alison Winter, Memory: Fragments of a Modern History:

     It demonstrates how scientific authority could be constructed on the fly, as it were, by someone with no connections and no psychological credentials who offered a technique that had the patina of modern science […]

Derived terms

• fauxtina
• patinaed
• patinate

Related terms

• patella

Translations

receptacle

• Dutch: pateen (nl)
• French: patène (fr) f
• Italian: patina (it) f
• Polish: patena (pl) f
• Romanian: patină (ro) f

colour or incrustation which age and wear give to objects

• Catalan: pàtina (ca) f
• Dutch: patina (nl)
• Finnish: patina (fi)
• French: patine (fr) f
• German: Patina (de) f
• Japanese: 緑青 (ja) (ろくしょう, rokushō)
• Persian: پتینه (patine)
• Polish: patyna (pl) f, śniedź f
• Portuguese: pátina f
• Romanian: patină (ro) f
• Russian: па́тина (ru) f (pátina), пати́на (ru) f (patína)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: па̏тина f

  Roman: pȁtina (sh) f

• Spanish: pátina f
• Swedish: patina (sv) c
• Ukrainian: па́тина f (pátyna), пати́на f (patýna)

colour

Adjective

patina (not comparable)

1. Of a green colour, tinted with grey, like that of bronze patina.

See also

• Appendix:Colors
• verdigris

Further reading

• “patina”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “patina”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

Anagrams

• Aptian, pinata, piñata, tai-pan, taipan

Catalan

Verb

patina

1. inflection of patinar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Danish

Etymology

From Italian patina, itself from Latin patina 'dish, pan'.

Noun

patina c (singular definite patinaen, not used in plural form)

1. patina

Declension

Declension of patina

common gender	Singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	patina	patinaen
genitive	patinas	patinaens

Derived terms

• patinere

Further reading

• “patina” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “patina” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Dutch

Etymology

From Italian patina, itself from Latin patina 'dish, pan'.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: pa‧ti‧na

Noun

patina n (uncountable)

1. the color or incrustation which age gives to works of art; especially, the green oxidation which covers aging coppers, bronzes, coins and medals

Derived terms

• patineren, to apply this color or a similar 'aged' effect.

Estonian

Noun

patina

1. essive singular of patt

Finnish

Etymology

From Italian patina.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɑtinɑ/, [ˈpɑ̝t̪inɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑtinɑ
• Syllabification^(key): pa‧ti‧na

Noun

patina

1. patina (color or incrustation)

Declension

Inflection of patina (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
nominative		patina	patinat
genitive		patinan	patinoiden patinoitten
partitive		patinaa	patinoita
illative		patinaan	patinoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		patina	patinat
accusative	nom.	patina	patinat
	gen.	patinan
genitive		patinan	patinoiden patinoitten patinain rare
partitive		patinaa	patinoita
inessive		patinassa	patinoissa
elative		patinasta	patinoista
illative		patinaan	patinoihin
adessive		patinalla	patinoilla
ablative		patinalta	patinoilta
allative		patinalle	patinoille
essive		patinana	patinoina
translative		patinaksi	patinoiksi
abessive		patinatta	patinoitta
instructive		—	patinoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of patina (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative patinani patinani accusative nom. patinani patinani gen. patinani genitive patinani patinoideni patinoitteni patinaini rare partitive patinaani patinoitani inessive patinassani patinoissani elative patinastani patinoistani illative patinaani patinoihini adessive patinallani patinoillani ablative patinaltani patinoiltani allative patinalleni patinoilleni essive patinanani patinoinani translative patinakseni patinoikseni abessive patinattani patinoittani instructive — — comitative — patinoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative patinasi patinasi accusative nom. patinasi patinasi gen. patinasi genitive patinasi patinoidesi patinoittesi patinaisi rare partitive patinaasi patinoitasi inessive patinassasi patinoissasi elative patinastasi patinoistasi illative patinaasi patinoihisi adessive patinallasi patinoillasi ablative patinaltasi patinoiltasi allative patinallesi patinoillesi essive patinanasi patinoinasi translative patinaksesi patinoiksesi abessive patinattasi patinoittasi instructive — — comitative — patinoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative patinamme patinamme accusative nom. patinamme patinamme gen. patinamme genitive patinamme patinoidemme patinoittemme patinaimme rare partitive patinaamme patinoitamme inessive patinassamme patinoissamme elative patinastamme patinoistamme illative patinaamme patinoihimme adessive patinallamme patinoillamme ablative patinaltamme patinoiltamme allative patinallemme patinoillemme essive patinanamme patinoinamme translative patinaksemme patinoiksemme abessive patinattamme patinoittamme instructive — — comitative — patinoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative patinanne patinanne accusative nom. patinanne patinanne gen. patinanne genitive patinanne patinoidenne patinoittenne patinainne rare partitive patinaanne patinoitanne inessive patinassanne patinoissanne elative patinastanne patinoistanne illative patinaanne patinoihinne adessive patinallanne patinoillanne ablative patinaltanne patinoiltanne allative patinallenne patinoillenne essive patinananne patinoinanne translative patinaksenne patinoiksenne abessive patinattanne patinoittanne instructive — — comitative — patinoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative patinansa patinansa accusative nom. patinansa patinansa gen. patinansa genitive patinansa patinoidensa patinoittensa patinainsa rare partitive patinaansa patinoitaan patinoitansa inessive patinassaan patinassansa patinoissaan patinoissansa elative patinastaan patinastansa patinoistaan patinoistansa illative patinaansa patinoihinsa adessive patinallaan patinallansa patinoillaan patinoillansa ablative patinaltaan patinaltansa patinoiltaan patinoiltansa allative patinalleen patinallensa patinoilleen patinoillensa essive patinanaan patinanansa patinoinaan patinoinansa translative patinakseen patinaksensa patinoikseen patinoiksensa abessive patinattaan patinattansa patinoittaan patinoittansa instructive — — comitative — patinoineen patinoinensa

Derived terms

• patinoida

 

Further reading

• “patina”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

Anagrams

• Tapani, apinat, ipanat, painat, patani, pintaa, tapain, tapani

French

Verb

patina

1. third-person singular past historic of patiner

Anagrams

• panait

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpa.ti.na/
• Rhymes: -atina
• Hyphenation: pà‧ti‧na

Etymology 1

From Latin patina (“pan”).

Noun

patina f (plural patine)

1. a patina (of age)
2. a coat, film, glaze, size, patina

Related terms

• patinare (verb)
• patinoso (adjective)

Descendants

• → Catalan: pàtina
• → Dutch: patina
• → Danish: patina
• → English: patina
• → Finnish: patina
• → French: patine
• → German: Patina
• → Icelandic: patína
• → Persian: پتینه (patine)
• → Polish: patyna
• → Portuguese: pátina
• → Romanian: patină
• → Russian: патина (patina)
• → Serbo-Croatian: patina / патина
• → Spanish: pátina
• → Ukrainian: патина (patyna)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

patina

1. inflection of patinare:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• patina in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Anagrams

• panati, pianta, tapina

Latin

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek πατάνη (patánē). This must be an early borrowing, because it displays vowel reduction of a to i.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.ti.na/, [ˈpät̪ɪnä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.ti.na/, [ˈpäːt̪inä]

Noun

patina f (genitive patinae); first declension

1. A broad, shallow dish, a pan, stewpan.
2. A kind of cake.
3. A crib, manger.

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	patina	patinae
Genitive	patinae	patinārum
Dative	patinae	patinīs
Accusative	patinam	patinās
Ablative	patinā	patinīs
Vocative	patina	patinae

Descendants

Descendants of patina

• Galician: padia
• Medieval Latin: patena
  • Italian: patena
  • Old French: patene
    • French: patène
    • → Middle English: paten, patene
      • English: paten
      • Scots: patene, patin
  • Catalan: patena
  • Occitan: padena
  • Portuguese: pátena, patena
  • Spanish: patena
  • → Czech: patena
  • → Dutch: pateen
  • → Middle High German: paten, patene
    • German: Patene
  • →? Middle High German: pfette
    • German: Pfette
  • → Polish: patena
  • → Swedish: paten
    • → Finnish: pateeni
• ⇒? Medieval Latin: panna
  • >? French: panne
  • →? Proto-Germanic: *pannǭ (see there for further descendants)
  • Vulgar Latin: *pannella
    • Portuguese: panela
    • Spanish: panela
  • → Welsh: pan
• → German: Patine
• → Italian: patina (see there for further descendants)

References

• “patina”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “patina”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• patina in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• patina in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “patina”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “patina”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Portuguese

Verb

patina

1. inflection of patinar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French patiner.

Verb

a patina (third-person singular present patinează, past participle patinat) 1st conj.

1. to skate

Conjugation

    conjugation of patina (first conjugation, -ez- infix)

infinitive			a patina
gerund			patinând
past participle			patinat
number		singular			plural
person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	patinez	patinezi	patinează	patinăm	patinați	patinează
	imperfect	patinam	patinai	patina	patinam	patinați	patinau
	simple perfect	patinai	patinași	patină	patinarăm	patinarăți	patinară
	pluperfect	patinasem	patinaseși	patinase	patinaserăm	patinaserăți	patinaseră
subjunctive		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	să patinez	să patinezi	să patineze	să patinăm	să patinați	să patineze
imperative		—	tu	—	—	voi	—
	affirmative		patinează			patinați
	negative		nu patina			nu patinați

Related terms

• patinaj

 

Further reading

• patina in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian patina, from Latin patina (“dish, pan”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pâtina/
• Hyphenation: pa‧ti‧na

Noun

pȁtina f (Cyrillic spelling па̏тина)

1. patina (color or incrustation)
2. layer of sediments (usually on a façade or monuments)
3. (regional) shoe polish
4. A type of wine.

Declension

Declension of patina

	singular	plural
nominative	patina	patine
genitive	patine	patina
dative	patini	patinama
accusative	patinu	patine
vocative	patino	patine
locative	patini	patinama
instrumental	patinom	patinama

Spanish

Verb

patina

1. inflection of patinar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative