modern
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle French moderne, from Late Latin modernus; from Latin modo (“just now”), originally ablative of modus (“measure”); hence, by measure, "just now". See also mode.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈmɒd(ə)n/
- (General American) enPR: mŏdʹərn, IPA(key): /ˈmɑdɚn/
- Rhymes: -ɒdə(ɹ)n
- Hyphenation: mod‧ern
Audio (US): (file)
Adjective
[edit]modern (comparative moderner or more modern, superlative modernest or most modern)
- Pertaining to a current or recent time and style; not ancient.
- Our online interactive game is a modern approach to teaching about gum disease. Although it was built in the 1600s, the building still has a very modern look.
- 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:
- But then I had the flintlock by me for protection. ¶ There were giants in the days when that gun was made; for surely no modern mortal could have held that mass of metal steady to his shoulder. The linen-press and a chest on the top of it formed, however, a very good gun-carriage; and, thus mounted, aim could be taken out of the window […].
- 1930 May 31, “The "Overhead Door" for Garage-Factory-Warehouse”, in The Saturday Evening Post[1], volume 202, number 48, page 110:
- The "Overhead Door" is the garage door that can be opened or closed at a touch every day in the year—regardless of the weather. It is the garage door that opens UP Completely Out of the Way. In short, it is the modern door for the modern garage—in step with the times.
- 2018 June 14, Timothy Snyder, “How Did the Nazis Gain Power in Germany?”, in The New York Times:
- In fact, he had created the conditions for the great horror of modern times.
- 2013 June 8, “Obama goes troll-hunting”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, page 55:
- The solitary, lumbering trolls of Scandinavian mythology would sometimes be turned to stone by exposure to sunlight. Barack Obama is hoping that several measures announced on June 4th will have a similarly paralysing effect on their modern incarnation, the patent troll.
- (history) Pertaining to the modern period (c.1800 to contemporary times), particularly in academic historiography.
Synonyms
[edit]- (pertaining to current or recent time): contemporary, current; see also Thesaurus:present
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “pertaining to current or recent time”): ancient, dated, former, historical, old, old-fashioned; see also Thesaurus:past
- (antonym(s) of “pertaining to the modern period”): premodern
Derived terms
[edit]- antimodern
- as modern as next week
- early modern
- European early modern human
- late modern
- mid-century modern
- modern age
- modern algebra
- modern antique
- modern apprenticeship
- modern art
- modern as next week
- modern convenience
- modern dance
- modern-day
- Modern English
- moderner
- modern era
- modern first
- Modern French
- modern girl
- modern greats
- Modern Greek
- Modern Hebrew
- modern history
- modern human
- modernise, modernize
- modernism
- modernista
- modernity
- Modern Japanese
- modern jazz
- Modern Korean
- modern language
- modernly
- modernness
- modern pentathlon
- modern physics
- Modern Portuguese
- modern primitive
- modern school
- modern sequence dancing
- Modern Standard Arabic
- modern synthesis
- modern times
- modern up
- non-modern, nonmodern
- post-modern, postmodern
- postpostmodern
- premodern
- prepostmodern
- retro-modern
- secondary modern, secondary modern school
- transmodern
- ultra-modern, ultramodern
- unmodern
Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]
|
Noun
[edit]modern (plural moderns)
- Someone who lives in modern times.
- 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volumes (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:
- The only supernatural agents which can in any manner be allowed to us moderns, are ghosts; but of these I would advise an author to be extremely sparing.
- 1779, Edward Capell, John Collins, Notes and various readings to Shakespeare:
- What the moderns could mean by their suppression of the final couplet's repeatings, cannot be conceiv'd […]
- 1930, G. K. Chesterton, The Resurrection of Rome:
- They at least had the immense and mighty imagination of which I speak; they could unthink the past. They could uncreate the Fall. With a reverence which moderns might think impudence, they could uncreate the Creation.
- 1956, John Albert Wilson, The Culture of Ancient Egypt, page 144:
- Even though we moderns can never crawl inside the skin of the ancient and think and feel as he did […] we must as historians make the attempt.
- 1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 181:
- Yeats understood these ancient mysteries better than any modern.
References
[edit]- Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “modern”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- “modern”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- modern in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
- "modern" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 208.
- “modern”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
- “modern”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “modern”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
Anagrams
[edit]Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]modern (feminine moderna, masculine plural moderns, feminine plural modernes)
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “modern” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “modern”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “modern” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “modern” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Middle French moderne, from Latin modernus.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]modern (comparative moderner, superlative modernst)
- modern
- (historical, Protestantism) modernist
- Synonym: modernistisch
Inflection
[edit]Declension of modern | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
uninflected | modern | |||
inflected | moderne | |||
comparative | moderner | |||
positive | comparative | superlative | ||
predicative/adverbial | modern | moderner | het modernst het modernste | |
indefinite | m./f. sing. | moderne | modernere | modernste |
n. sing. | modern | moderner | modernste | |
plural | moderne | modernere | modernste | |
definite | moderne | modernere | modernste | |
partitive | moderns | moderners | — |
Derived terms
[edit]- hypermodern
- moderniseren
- modernisme, modernist, moderniste
- moderniteit
- postmodern, postmodernisme, postmodernist, postmoderniste
Descendants
[edit]German
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Moder (“moldiness”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]modern (weak, third-person singular present modert, past tense moderte, past participle gemodert, auxiliary haben)
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | modern | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | modernd | ||||
past participle | gemodert | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich modre ich modere ich moder |
wir modern | i | ich modere ich modre |
wir modern |
du moderst | ihr modert | du moderest du modrest |
ihr moderet ihr modret | ||
er modert | sie modern | er modere er modre |
sie modern | ||
preterite | ich moderte | wir moderten | ii | ich moderte1 | wir moderten1 |
du modertest | ihr modertet | du modertest1 | ihr modertet1 | ||
er moderte | sie moderten | er moderte1 | sie moderten1 | ||
imperative | modre (du) moder (du) modere (du) |
modert (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Etymology 2
[edit]From French moderne, from Latin modernus.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]modern (strong nominative masculine singular moderner, comparative moderner, superlative am modernsten)
Declension
[edit]number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist modern | sie ist modern | es ist modern | sie sind modern | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | moderner | moderne | modernes | moderne |
genitive | modernen | moderner | modernen | moderner | |
dative | modernem | moderner | modernem | modernen | |
accusative | modernen | moderne | modernes | moderne | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der moderne | die moderne | das moderne | die modernen |
genitive | des modernen | der modernen | des modernen | der modernen | |
dative | dem modernen | der modernen | dem modernen | den modernen | |
accusative | den modernen | die moderne | das moderne | die modernen | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein moderner | eine moderne | ein modernes | (keine) modernen |
genitive | eines modernen | einer modernen | eines modernen | (keiner) modernen | |
dative | einem modernen | einer modernen | einem modernen | (keinen) modernen | |
accusative | einen modernen | eine moderne | ein modernes | (keine) modernen |
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “modern (Verb)” in Duden online
- “modern (Adjektiv)” in Duden online
- “modern” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From English modern and German modern, from French moderne, from Medieval Latin modernus.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]modern (comparative modernebb, superlative legmodernebb)
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | modern | modernek |
accusative | modernet | moderneket |
dative | modernnek | moderneknek |
instrumental | modernnel | modernekkel |
causal-final | modernért | modernekért |
translative | modernné | modernekké |
terminative | modernig | modernekig |
essive-formal | modernként | modernekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | modernben | modernekben |
superessive | modernen | moderneken |
adessive | modernnél | moderneknél |
illative | modernbe | modernekbe |
sublative | modernre | modernekre |
allative | modernhez | modernekhez |
elative | modernből | modernekből |
delative | modernről | modernekről |
ablative | moderntől | modernektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
moderné | moderneké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
modernéi | modernekéi |
References
[edit]- ^ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
Further reading
[edit]- modern in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Hunsrik
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]modern
Declension
[edit]Declension of modern (see also Appendix:Hunsrik adjectives) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | ||
Weak inflection | nominative | modern | modern | modern | moderne |
accusative | moderne | modern | modern | moderne | |
dative | moderne | moderne | moderne | moderne | |
Strong inflection | nominative | moderner | moderne | modernes | moderne |
accusative | moderne | moderne | modernes | moderne | |
dative | modernem | moderner | modernem | moderne |
Further reading
[edit]Indonesian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Dutch modern, from Middle French moderne, from Latin modernus, from modo (“just now”), originally ablative of modus (“measure”); hence, by measure, "just now". Doublet of mode, model, modul, and modus.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]modèrn
Noun
[edit]modèrn (first-person possessive modernku, second-person possessive modernmu, third-person possessive modernnya)
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “modern” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Adjective
[edit]modern m or n (feminine singular modernă, masculine plural moderni, feminine and neuter plural moderne)
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | neuter | feminine | masculine | neuter | feminine | ||
nominative/ accusative |
indefinite | modern | modernă | moderni | moderne | ||
definite | modernul | moderna | modernii | modernele | |||
genitive/ dative |
indefinite | modern | moderne | moderni | moderne | ||
definite | modernului | modernei | modernilor | modernelor |
Swedish
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From French moderne, from Late Latin modernus.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]modern (comparative modernare, superlative modernast)
Declension
[edit]Inflection of modern | |||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
Common singular | modern | modernare | modernast |
Neuter singular | modernt | modernare | modernast |
Plural | moderna | modernare | modernast |
Masculine plural3 | moderne | modernare | modernast |
Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
Masculine singular1 | moderne | modernare | modernaste |
All | moderna | modernare | modernaste |
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic |
Antonyms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]modern
Anagrams
[edit]Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]modern
Declension
[edit]present tense | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (I am) | modernim | modern miyim? | modern değilim | modern değil miyim? |
sen (you are) | modernsin | modern misin? | modern değilsin | modern değil misin? |
o (he/she/it is) | modern / moderndir | modern mi? | modern değil | modern değil mi? |
biz (we are) | moderniz | modern miyiz? | modern değiliz | modern değil miyiz? |
siz (you are) | modernsiniz | modern misiniz? | modern değilsiniz | modern değil misiniz? |
onlar (they are) | modern(ler) | modern(ler) mi? | modern değil(ler) | modern değiller mi? |
past tense | ||||
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (I was) | moderndim | modern miydim? | modern değildim | modern değil miydim? |
sen (you were) | moderndin | modern miydin? | modern değildin | modern değil miydin? |
o (he/she/it was) | moderndi | modern miydi? | modern değildi | modern değil miydi? |
biz (we were) | moderndik | modern miydik? | modern değildik | modern değil miydik? |
siz (you were) | moderndiniz | modern miydiniz? | modern değildiniz | modern değil miydiniz? |
onlar (they were) | moderndiler | modern miydiler? | modern değildi(ler) / değillerdi | modern değil miydiler? |
indirect past | ||||
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (I was) | modernmişim | modern miymişim? | modern değilmişim | modern değil miymişim? |
sen (you were) | modernmişsin | modern miymişsin? | modern değilmişsin | modern değil miymişsin? |
o (he/she/it was) | modernmiş | modern miymiş? | modern değilmiş | modern değil miymiş? |
biz (we were) | modernmişiz | modern miymişiz? | modern değilmişiz | modern değil miymişiz? |
siz (you were) | modernmişsiniz | modern miymişsiniz? | modern değilmişsiniz | modern değil miymişsiniz? |
onlar (they were) | modernmişler | modern miymişler? | modern değilmiş(ler) / değillermiş | modern değil miymişler? |
conditional | ||||
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (if I) | modernsem | modern miysem? | modern değilsem | modern değil miysem? |
sen (if you) | modernsen | modern miysen? | modern değilsen | modern değil miysen? |
o (if he/she/it) | modernse | modern miyse? | modern değilse | modern değil miyse? |
biz (if we) | modernsek | modern miysek? | modern değilsek | modern değil miysek? |
siz (if you) | modernseniz | modern miyseniz? | modern değilseniz | modern değil miyseniz? |
onlar (if they) | modernseler | modern miyseler? | modern değilseler / değillerse | modern değil miyseler? |
Welsh
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Adjective
[edit]modern (feminine singular modern, plural modern, equative mor fodern, comparative mwy modern, superlative mwyaf modern)
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- modernaidd (“modernistic”, adjective)
- modernedd m (“modernity”)
- moderniad m or f (“modernist”)
- moderniaeth f (“modernism”)
- modernydd m or f (“modernist”)
Mutation
[edit]Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
modern | fodern | unchanged | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
[edit]- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “modern”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
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