malign

English

Etymology

From Middle English maligne, from Old French maligne, from Latin malignus, from malus (“bad”) + genus (“sort, kind”). Compare benign.

Pronunciation

• enPR: mə-līn', IPA^(key): /məˈlaɪn/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɪn

Adjective

malign (comparative more malign, superlative most malign)

1. Evil or malignant in disposition, nature, intent or influence.
   • 1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:

     Witchcraft may be by operation of malign spirits.

   • 1951 February, Cecil J. Allen, “British Locomotive Practice and Performance”, in Railway Magazine, page 119:

     It may be true that such running is exceptional rather than normal; there are still innumerable checks of one kind or another, many of them, alas, directly or indirectly the result of engine failures; and bad coal has often a malign influence.

2. Malevolent.
   • 1891, Ambrose Bierce, An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge:

     He was sure they [the stars] were arranged in some order which had a secret and malign significance.

3. (oncology) Malignant.

   a malign ulcer

   • 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Seditions and Troubles”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:

     malign ulcers

Antonyms

• benign

Related terms

• malignant

Translations

evil or malignant

• Bulgarian: лош (bg) (loš), зъл (bg) (zǎl)
• Czech: špatný (cs), škodlivý (cs), neblahý
• Finnish: paha (fi)
• German: böse (de), böswillig (de), übel (de), schlimm (de), schlecht (de)
• Latin: malignus
• Middle English: maligne
• Portuguese: maligno (pt) m
• Romanian: malign (ro)

malevolent

• Bulgarian: зловреден (bg) (zlovreden)
• Finnish: pahantahtoinen (fi)
• German: böse (de), bösartig (de), böswillig (de), arglistig (de), grausam (de), übelwollend (de), schädlich (de), unheilvoll (de), verderblich (de), niederträchtig (de), heimtückisch (de)
• Latin: malignus
• Middle English: maligne

oncology: malignant

• Bulgarian: злокачествен (bg) (zlokačestven)
• Czech: maligní (cs), zhoubný (cs)
• Finnish: pahanlaatuinen (fi)
• German: maligne (de), bösartig (de)
• Middle English: maligne
• Romanian: malign (ro)
• Slovak: zhubný (sk)
• Ukrainian: злоякісний (zlojakisnyj)

Verb

malign (third-person singular simple present maligns, present participle maligning, simple past and past participle maligned)

1. (transitive) To make defamatory statements about; to slander or traduce.
   • 2018 November 18, Phil McNulty, “England 2 - 1 Croatia”, in BBC Sport‎^[1]:

     The obvious joy of England's players and supporters after that dramatic finale was another indicator that the Uefa Nations League, mocked and maligned at its inception, is capturing the public's imagination.

   • 1692–1717, Robert South, Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London:

     To be envied and shot at; to be maligned standing, and to be despised falling.

2. (transitive, archaic) To treat with malice; to show hatred toward; to abuse; to wrong.
   • 1596 (date written; published 1633), Edmund Spenser, A Vewe of the Present State of Irelande […], Dublin: […] Societie of Stationers, […], →OCLC; republished as A View of the State of Ireland […] (Ancient Irish Histories), Dublin: […] Society of Stationers, […] Hibernia Press, […] [b]y John Morrison, 1809, →OCLC:

     The people practice what mischiefs and villainies they will against private men, whom they malign by stealing their goods, or murdering them.

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:defame

Translations

slander or traduce; to make defamatory statements about

• Bulgarian: злословя (bg) (zloslovja)
• Czech: pomlouvat (cs) impf, očerňovat impf, špinit (cs) impf
• French: vilipender (fr), injurier (fr)
• German: schlechtmachen (de), verleumden (de), lästern (de), Übles nachsagen
• Greek:

  Ancient: βλασφημέω (blasphēméō)

• Latin: diffāmō
• Middle English: malignen
• Romanian: defăima (ro)
• Ukrainian: лихословити (lyxoslovyty)

Anagrams

• Gilman, laming, lingam

Middle English

Adjective

malign

1. Alternative form of maligne

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin malignus.

Adjective

malign (masculine and feminine malign, neuter malignt, definite singular and plural maligne)

1. (medicine) malignant

References

• “malign” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “malign” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Latin malignus.

Adjective

malign (neuter malignt, definite singular and plural maligne)

1. (medicine) malignant

Romanian

Alternative forms

• malin — dated

Adjective

malign m or n (feminine singular malignă, masculine plural maligni, feminine and neuter plural maligne)

1. (medicine) malign

   Antonym: benign

2. (rare, dated) evil

   Synonym: răutăcios

Declension

		singular				plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine		masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative- accusative	indefinite	malign		malignă		maligni	maligne
	definite	malignul		maligna		malignii	malignele
genitive- dative	indefinite	malign		maligne		maligni	maligne
	definite	malignului		malignei		malignilor	malignelor

Swedish

Adjective

malign (not comparable)

1. (medicine) malignant

   Synonym: elakartad

   Antonyms: benign, godartad

   malignt melanom

   malignant melanoma

Declension

Inflection of malign

Indefinite	positive	comparative	superlative1
common singular	malign	—	—
neuter singular	malignt	—	—
plural	maligna	—	—
masculine plural2	maligne	—	—
Definite	positive	comparative	superlative
masculine singular3	maligne	—	—
all	maligna	—	—

¹ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
² Dated or archaic.
³ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

References

• malign in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• malign in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• malign in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)