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laus

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Laus and -laus

Cimbrian

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Etymology

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From Middle High German lūs, from Old High German lūs, from Proto-West Germanic *lūs. Cognate with German Laus, Dutch luis, English louse, Icelandic lús.

Noun

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laus f (plural lòize)

  1. (Sette Comuni) louse

Declension

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Declension of laus – 2nd declension
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative an de laus de lòize
accusative an de laus de lòize
dative anara dar lòize in lòizen

Derived terms

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References

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  • “laus” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Copainalá Zoque

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish clavos (“nails”), plural of clavo (“nail”). C.f. Francisco León Zoque lavusy.

Noun

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laus

  1. nail

References

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  • Harrison, Roy, Harrison, Margaret, García H., Cástulo (1981) Diccionario zoque de Copainalá (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 23)‎[1] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 71

Franco-Provençal

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Noun

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laus (Old Dauphinois)

  1. Alternative form of lèc (“lake”)

References

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Gothic

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Romanization

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laus

  1. Romanization of 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃

Gutnish

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Etymology

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From Old Norse lauss, from Proto-Germanic *lausaz.

Adjective

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laus

  1. loose

Derived terms

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Icelandic

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Etymology

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From Old Norse lauss.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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laus (comparative lausari, superlative lausastur)

  1. loose
  2. free to go
  3. available
  4. vacant

Inflection

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    positive (strong declension)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative laus laus laust
accusative lausan lausa laust
dative lausum lausri lausu
genitive lauss lausrar lauss
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative lausir lausar laus
accusative lausa lausar laus
dative lausum lausum lausum
genitive lausra lausra lausra
    positive (weak declension)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative lausi lausa lausa
accusative lausa lausu lausa
dative lausa lausu lausa
genitive lausa lausu lausa
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative lausu lausu lausu
accusative lausu lausu lausu
dative lausu lausu lausu
genitive lausu lausu lausu
    comparative
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative lausari lausari lausara
accusative lausari lausari lausara
dative lausari lausari lausara
genitive lausari lausari lausara
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative lausari lausari lausari
accusative lausari lausari lausari
dative lausari lausari lausari
genitive lausari lausari lausari
    superlative (strong declension)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative lausastur lausust lausast
accusative lausastan lausasta lausast
dative lausustum lausastri lausustu
genitive lausasts lausastrar lausasts
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative lausastir lausastar lausust
accusative lausasta lausastar lausust
dative lausustum lausustum lausustum
genitive lausastra lausastra lausastra
    superlative (weak declension)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative lausasti lausasta lausasta
accusative lausasta lausustu lausasta
dative lausasta lausustu lausasta
genitive lausasta lausustu lausasta
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative lausustu lausustu lausustu
accusative lausustu lausustu lausustu
dative lausustu lausustu lausustu
genitive lausustu lausustu lausustu

See also

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Latin

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Etymology

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Unclear. Accepting a shift of Proto-Italic *ow to Latin au in pretonic positions,[n 1] the term reflects a Proto-Indo-European *le/ow-V́-d(h)-,[1] which is usually traced back to a tentative root *lew- (“to sing, praise”) together with Proto-Germanic *leuþą (“song, poem”).[1][2] Connection with Old Irish loíd (“poem, lay”) is usually rejected.[3]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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laus f (genitive laudis); third declension

  1. praise, glory, repute
    Synonym: admīrātiō
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 2.517:
      plūs erat in gladiō quam curvō laudis arātrō
      [Back then] there was more glory in the sword than in the curved plow.
      (Literally, there was more of glory [to be gotten] in [use of] the sword than in the curved plow; that is to say, soldiers were more glorified than farmers.)
  2. fame
  3. approbation, commendation
  4. merit, worth

Declension

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Third-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative laus laudēs
genitive laudis laudum
dative laudī laudibus
accusative laudem laudēs
ablative laude laudibus
vocative laus laudēs

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Balkan Romance:
    • Aromanian: alavdã
    • Romanian: laudă
  • Italo-Romance:
  • Padanian:
  • Gallo-Romance:
  • Ancient borrowings:
  • Learned borrowings:

Notes

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  1. ^ For which there is contradicting evidence, though compare notably lavō, cavus, caveō, faveō.

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “laus, -dis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 330
  2. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “lēu-, lāu-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 683
  3. ^ Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938) “laus”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 776

Further reading

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  • “laus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “laus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • laus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • laus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to praise, extol, commend a person: laude afficere aliquem
    • to praise, extol, commend a person: (maximis, summis) laudibus efferre aliquem or aliquid
    • to praise, extol, commend a person: eximia laude ornare aliquem
    • to overwhelm with eulogy: omni laude cumulare aliquem
    • to extol, laud to the skies: laudibus aliquem (aliquid) in caelum ferre, efferre, tollere
    • to consider a thing creditable to a man: aliquid laudi alicui ducere, dare
    • to confer distinction on a person; to redound to his credit: gloriae, laudi esse
    • to be very famous, illustrious: gloria, laude florere
    • to be guided by ambition: laudis studio trahi
    • to be consumed by the fires of ambition: gloriae, laudis cupiditate incensum esse, flagrare
    • to be distinguished as a poet: poetica laude florere
    • to be a distinguished orator: eloquentiae laude florere
    • the word aemulatio is employed with two meanings, in a good and a bad sense: aemulatio dupliciter dicitur, ut et in laude et in vitio hoc nomen sit
    • (ambiguous) to praise, extol, commend a person: laudem tribuere, impertire alicui
    • (ambiguous) to spread a person's praises: alicuius laudes praedicare
    • (ambiguous) to win golden opinions from every one: omnium undique laudem colligere
    • (ambiguous) to win golden opinions from every one: maximam ab omnibus laudem adipisci
    • (ambiguous) to confer distinction on a person; to redound to his credit: laudem afferre
    • (ambiguous) to be guided by ambition: laudem, gloriam quaerere
    • (ambiguous) to detract from a person's reputation, wilfully underestimate a person: alicuius famam, laudem imminuere
    • (ambiguous) to render obscure, eclipse a person: obscurare alicuius gloriam, laudem, famam (not obscurare aliquem)
    • (ambiguous) to sing the praises of some one (not canere aliquem: alicuius laudes versibus persequi
    • (ambiguous) to sing the praises of some one (not canere aliquem: alicuius laudes (virtutes) canere
    • (ambiguous) to thank, glorify the immortal gods: grates, laudes agere dis immortalibus
  • “laus”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎[3]
  • “laus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Norse lauss, of Germanic origin.

Adjective

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laus

  1. loose

Descendants

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology

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From Old Norse lauss.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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laus (neuter laust, definite singular and plural lause, comparative lausare, indefinite superlative lausast, definite superlative lausaste)

  1. loose
  2. flimsy
  3. free (not fastened)
  4. (archaic, derogatory) outside a legitime marriage (about a child or a woman having such a child)

Derived terms

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See also

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Norwegian Nynorsk terms suffixed with -laus

References

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Old Norse

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Adjective

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laus

  1. inflection of lauss:
    1. strong feminine nominative singular
    2. strong neuter nominative/accusative plural

Tok Pisin

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Etymology

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From English louse.

Noun

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laus

  1. any external parasitic insect; flea; louse.

White Hmong

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Etymology

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From Proto-Hmong *lu̯eiᴮ (“old”),[1] perhaps borrowed from Middle Chinese 老 (lɑuX, “old”).[2]

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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laus

  1. old

Derived terms

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See also

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References

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  • Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979) White Hmong — English Dictionary‎[4], SEAP Publications, →ISBN.
  1. ^ Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN, page 276.
  2. ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20101031002604/http://wold.livingsources.org/vocabulary/25
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