grama

See also: -grama and gräma

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish grama (“grass”), from Latin grāmina, plural of grāmen (“grass”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɹɑːmə/, /ˈɡɹamə/

Noun

grama (countable and uncountable, plural gramas)

1. Various species of grass in the genus Bouteloua, including Bouteloua gracilis (blue grama)
   • 1864, Fitz-Hugh Ludlow., The Atlantic:

     To understand the exquisite beauty of simple green grass, you must travel through eight hundred miles of sage-brush and grama...the latter, a stunted species of herbage, growing in ash tinted spirals, only two inches from the ground, and giving the Plains an appearance of being matted with curled hair or gray corkscrews. Its other name is “buffalo grass”; and in spite of its dinginess, with the assistance of the sage, converting all the Plains west of Fort Kearney into a model Quaker landscape, it is one of the most nutritious varieties of cattle fodder, and for hundreds of miles the emigrant drover’s only dependence.

   • 2005 October 17, Tom Drury, “Path Lights”, in The New Yorker:

     Every few years, Ingrid goes back to take a look, even though all that’s left is the old bleached shell of a house, surrounded by blue grama grass and tall trees with pale bark and waxy leaves.

   • 2013, Philipp Meyer, The Son, Simon & Schuster, published 2014, page 95:

     The grass was thick around us, grama and bluestem, more than could ever be eaten.

Anagrams

• Magar, marga, ragam, rāgam

Catalan

Noun

grama f (plural grames)

1. Alternative form of gram (“Bermuda grass”)

Further reading

• “grama” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Fala

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese [Term?], from Latin grāmina (“grasses”), plural of grāmen.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾama/
• Rhymes: -ama
• Syllabification: gra‧ma

Noun

grama f (plural gramas)

1. grass

References

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎^[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

Galician

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese [Term?], from Latin grāmina (“grasses”), plural of grāmen. Cognate with Portuguese grama and Spanish grama.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾama̝/

Noun

grama f (plural gramas)

1. grass, in particular
   1. couch grass (Elymus repens)

      Synonym: rengo

   2. Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon)

      Synonyms: cerreña, nervia

   3. velvetgrass (Holcus lanatus)
   4. wheatgrass (Agropyron)

References

• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “grama”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “grama”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “grama”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Etymology 2

Verb

grama

1. inflection of gramar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡra.ma/
• Rhymes: -ama
• Hyphenation: grà‧ma

Adjective

grama

1. feminine singular of gramo

Anagrams

• Magra, magra

Occitan

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

grama m (plural gramas)

1. gram

Old English

Alternative forms

• groma

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *gramô. Cognate with Old Saxon gramo, Old Saxon gremi, Old High German gramo, Old Norse gremi. Akin also to Old English gram (“angry, cruel, fierce”), grimm, grim (“fierce, savage”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡrɑ.mɑ/

Noun

grama m (nominative plural graman)

1. anger, rage, wrath, indignation, fury; trouble
2. demonic spirit, devil, fiend, demon; imp, puck

Declension

Declension of grama (weak)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	grama	graman
accusative	graman	graman
genitive	graman	gramena
dative	graman	gramum

Descendants

• Middle English: grame, grome
  • English: grame

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾɐ̃.mɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾɐ̃.mɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾɐ.ma/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾɐ.mɐ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾɐ.mɐ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾa.mɐ/

• Rhymes: -ɐmɐ, -ɐ̃mɐ
• Hyphenation: gra‧ma

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese [Term?], from Latin grāmĭna, plural of grāmen. Compare Galician and Spanish grama.

Noun

grama f (plural gramas)

1. (Brazil) grass

   Synonyms: relva, erva

Related terms

• gramado

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ancient Greek γράμμα (grámma, “a small weight, a scruple”), a semantic calque of Latin scripulum.

Noun

grama m or (nonstandard) f (plural gramas)

1. gram (unit of mass)

Related terms

• micrograma
• quilograma

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

grama

1. inflection of gramar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin grāmĭna, plural of grāmen. Compare Portuguese grama.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾama/ [ˈɡɾa.ma]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ama
• Syllabification: gra‧ma

Noun

grama f (plural gramas)

1. grass (mostly varieties intended for cattle fodder)
2. (Caribbean, Guatemala, El Salvador) lawn

Derived terms

• cortadora de grama (“lawnmower”) (El Salvador, Dominican Republic, Costa Rica)
• cortagrama (“lawnmower”) (El Salvador, Honduras, Panama, Venezuela)
• grama bahiana
• grama cebollera
• grama salada
• gramilla
• máquina de cortar grama (“lawnmower”) (Puerto Rico)

 

See also

• hierba

Further reading

• “grama”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28