cludo

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈkluː.doː/, [ˈkɫ̪uːd̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈklu.do/, [ˈkluːd̪o]

Verb

clūdō (present infinitive clūdere, perfect active clūsī, supine clūsum); third conjugation

1. Alternative form of claudō (backformed from compounds like inclūdō, praeclūdō)

Conjugation

Conjugation of clūdō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	clūdō	clūdis	clūdit	clūdimus	clūditis	clūdunt
	imperfect	clūdēbam	clūdēbās	clūdēbat	clūdēbāmus	clūdēbātis	clūdēbant
	future	clūdam	clūdēs	clūdet	clūdēmus	clūdētis	clūdent
	perfect	clūsī	clūsistī	clūsit	clūsimus	clūsistis	clūsērunt, clūsēre
	pluperfect	clūseram	clūserās	clūserat	clūserāmus	clūserātis	clūserant
	future perfect	clūserō	clūseris	clūserit	clūserimus	clūseritis	clūserint
passive	present	clūdor	clūderis, clūdere	clūditur	clūdimur	clūdiminī	clūduntur
	imperfect	clūdēbar	clūdēbāris, clūdēbāre	clūdēbātur	clūdēbāmur	clūdēbāminī	clūdēbantur
	future	clūdar	clūdēris, clūdēre	clūdētur	clūdēmur	clūdēminī	clūdentur
	perfect	clūsus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	clūsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	clūsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	clūdam	clūdās	clūdat	clūdāmus	clūdātis	clūdant
	imperfect	clūderem	clūderēs	clūderet	clūderēmus	clūderētis	clūderent
	perfect	clūserim	clūserīs	clūserit	clūserīmus	clūserītis	clūserint
	pluperfect	clūsissem	clūsissēs	clūsisset	clūsissēmus	clūsissētis	clūsissent
passive	present	clūdar	clūdāris, clūdāre	clūdātur	clūdāmur	clūdāminī	clūdantur
	imperfect	clūderer	clūderēris, clūderēre	clūderētur	clūderēmur	clūderēminī	clūderentur
	perfect	clūsus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	clūsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	clūde	—	—	clūdite	—
	future	—	clūditō	clūditō	—	clūditōte	clūduntō
passive	present	—	clūdere	—	—	clūdiminī	—
	future	—	clūditor	clūditor	—	—	clūduntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		clūdere	clūsisse	clūsūrum esse	clūdī	clūsum esse	clūsum īrī
participles		clūdēns	—	clūsūrus	—	clūsus	clūdendus, clūdundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		clūdendī	clūdendō	clūdendum	clūdendō	clūsum	clūsū

References

• “cludo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• cludo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “claudĕre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 2: C Q K, page 750

Welsh

Etymology

From clud (“carrying, conveyance”) +‎ -o.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈklɨ̞dɔ/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈkliːdɔ/, /ˈklɪdɔ/
• Rhymes: -ɨ̞dɔ

Verb

cludo (first-person singular present cludaf)

1. to carry, to convey

   Synonyms: cario, dwyn, cyrchu

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	cludaf	cludi	cluda	cludwn	cludwch	cludant	cludir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	cludwn	cludit	cludai	cludem	cludech	cludent	cludid
preterite	cludais	cludaist	cludodd	cludasom	cludasoch	cludasant	cludwyd
pluperfect	cludaswn	cludasit	cludasai	cludasem	cludasech	cludasent	cludasid, cludesid
present subjunctive	cludwyf	cludych	cludo	cludom	cludoch	cludont	cluder
imperative	—	cluda	cluded	cludwn	cludwch	cludent	cluder
verbal noun	cludo
verbal adjectives	cludedig cludadwy

Conjugation (colloquial)

Inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	cluda i, cludaf i	cludi di	cludith o/e/hi, cludiff e/hi	cludwn ni	cludwch chi	cludan nhw
conditional	cludwn i, cludswn i	cludet ti, cludset ti	cludai fo/fe/hi, cludsai fo/fe/hi	cluden ni, cludsen ni	cludech chi, cludsech chi	cluden nhw, cludsen nhw
preterite	cludais i, cludes i	cludaist ti, cludest ti	cludodd o/e/hi	cludon ni	cludoch chi	cludon nhw
imperative	—	cluda	—	—	cludwch	—
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

• cludadwy (“portable”)
• cludfwyd (“takeaway”)
• cludiad (“carriage, carrying”)
• cludiant (“transport, conveyance”)
• cludwr (“carrier; porter”)
• cludydd (“carrier”)
• dargludo (“to conduct”)

 

Mutation

Mutated forms of cludo

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
cludo	gludo	nghludo	chludo

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cludo”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies