cilvēks
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Latvian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Old East Slavic человѣкъ (čelověkŭ) (cf. Russian челове́к (čelovék), from Proto-Slavic *čelověkъ, from earlier *kelověkъ). The word vīrs (“man, male”) had previously been used to mean also “human being,” given the loss of a previous specific term (cf. Lithuanian žmogùs, Latin homo); this polysemy may have motivated the borrowing.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]cilvēks m (1st declension)
- person, human being (a member of the Homo sapiens species, capable of thinking and speaking)
- labs, jauns, jautrs cilvēks ― good, young, playful person
- gudrs cilvēks ― wise person
- noslēgts cilvēks ― reserved, reticent person
- cilvēka izcelšanās ― the origin of man (lit. person)
- cilvēka attīstība ― human (lit. person's) development
- cilvēka cieņa ― human (lit. person's) dignity
- cilvēku sabiedrība ― human (lit. people's) society
- precēts cilvēks ― a married person (usually a man)
- ģimenes cilvēks ― a family person (usually a man)
- mieras cilvēks ― a peaceful (lit. of peace) person
- (good) person (one who is not insensitive, who is kindhearted, helpful)
- tie bija cilvēki, tur bērns varēja dzīvot ― those were (good) people, there (= with them) a child could live
- (in plural) people (an undefined group of men and/or women)
- uz ielas cilvēku pūlis ― on the street (there was) a crowd of people
- ē, puiši! ē, meitas! ē, cilvēki! palīgā, palīgā! ― hey, guys! hey, girls! hey, people! help, help!
Declension
[edit]Declension of cilvēks (1st declension)
singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (nominatīvs) | cilvēks | cilvēki |
accusative (akuzatīvs) | cilvēku | cilvēkus |
genitive (ģenitīvs) | cilvēka | cilvēku |
dative (datīvs) | cilvēkam | cilvēkiem |
instrumental (instrumentālis) | cilvēku | cilvēkiem |
locative (lokatīvs) | cilvēkā | cilvēkos |
vocative (vokatīvs) | cilvēk | cilvēki |
Synonyms
[edit]- (people): ļaudis
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “cilvēks”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Categories:
- Latvian etymologies from LEV
- Latvian terms borrowed from Old East Slavic
- Latvian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latvian words with falling intonation
- Latvian terms with audio pronunciation
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian nouns
- Latvian masculine nouns
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- Latvian first declension nouns