barrir

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French barrire, from Late Latin barriō (“to make the sound of an elephant”), from Latin barrus (“elephant”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba.ʁiʁ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

barrir

1. to trumpet (to make the sound of an elephant's cry)

   Synonym: baréter

Conjugation

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Conjugation of barrir (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	barrir
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	barrissant /ba.ʁi.sɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		barri /ba.ʁi/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	barris /ba.ʁi/	barris /ba.ʁi/	barrit /ba.ʁi/	barrissons /ba.ʁi.sɔ̃/	barrissez /ba.ʁi.se/	barrissent /ba.ʁis/
	imperfect	barrissais /ba.ʁi.sɛ/	barrissais /ba.ʁi.sɛ/	barrissait /ba.ʁi.sɛ/	barrissions /ba.ʁi.sjɔ̃/	barrissiez /ba.ʁi.sje/	barrissaient /ba.ʁi.sɛ/
	past historic2	barris /ba.ʁi/	barris /ba.ʁi/	barrit /ba.ʁi/	barrîmes /ba.ʁim/	barrîtes /ba.ʁit/	barrirent /ba.ʁiʁ/
	future	barrirai /ba.ʁi.ʁe/	barriras /ba.ʁi.ʁa/	barrira /ba.ʁi.ʁa/	barrirons /ba.ʁi.ʁɔ̃/	barrirez /ba.ʁi.ʁe/	barriront /ba.ʁi.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	barrirais /ba.ʁi.ʁɛ/	barrirais /ba.ʁi.ʁɛ/	barrirait /ba.ʁi.ʁɛ/	barririons /ba.ʁi.ʁjɔ̃/	barririez /ba.ʁi.ʁje/	barriraient /ba.ʁi.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	barrisse /ba.ʁis/	barrisses /ba.ʁis/	barrisse /ba.ʁis/	barrissions /ba.ʁi.sjɔ̃/	barrissiez /ba.ʁi.sje/	barrissent /ba.ʁis/
	imperfect2	barrisse /ba.ʁis/	barrisses /ba.ʁis/	barrît /ba.ʁi/	barrissions /ba.ʁi.sjɔ̃/	barrissiez /ba.ʁi.sje/	barrissent /ba.ʁis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	barris /ba.ʁi/	—	barrissons /ba.ʁi.sɔ̃/	barrissez /ba.ʁi.se/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• barrissement

References

• French Wiktionnaire

Further reading

• “barrir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Portuguese

Etymology

From Late Latin barrīre (“make the sound of an elephant's cry”), from barrus (“elephant”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /baˈʁi(ʁ)/ [baˈhi(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /baˈʁi(ʁ)/ [baˈhi(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /baˈʁi(ɾ)/ [baˈhi(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /baˈʁi(ʁ)/ [baˈχi(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /baˈʁi(ɻ)/ [baˈhi(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /bɐˈʁiɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /bɐˈʁiɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /bɐˈʁi.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: bar‧rir

Verb

barrir (third-person only, third-person singular present barre, third-person singular preterite barriu, past participle barrido)

1. (intransitive) to trumpet (of an elephant: to make its characteristic call)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of barrir (third-person only) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	barrir
Personal	—	—	barrir	—	—	barrirem
Gerund
	barrindo
Past participle
Masculine	barrido			barridos
Feminine	barrida			barridas
Indicative
Present	—	—	barre	—	—	barrem
Imperfect	—	—	barria	—	—	barriam
Preterite	—	—	barriu	—	—	barriram
Pluperfect	—	—	barrira	—	—	barriram
Future	—	—	barrirá	—	—	barrirão
Conditional	—	—	barriria	—	—	barririam
Subjunctive
Present	—	—	barra	—	—	barram
Imperfect	—	—	barrisse	—	—	barrissem
Future	—	—	barrir	—	—	barrirem
Imperative
Affirmative		—	—	—	—	—
Negative (não)		—	—	—	—	—