雀
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]雀 (Kangxi radical 172, 隹+3, 11 strokes, cangjie input 火人土 (FOG), four-corner 90214, composition ⿱小隹)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1364, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41954
- Dae Jaweon: page 1868, character 11
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4091, character 7
- Unihan data for U+96C0
Chinese
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
雀 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 䲵 | |
Glyph origin
[edit]| Historical forms of the character 雀 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script |
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Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 小 (“small”) + 隹 (“bird”) – a small bird, a sparrow.
In the current form, the upper part looks like 少, but what looks like the bottom stroke of 少 is actually the upper left stroke of 隹, extended.
Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): quo2
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): qioh6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chiok
- Jin (Wiktionary): qieh4
- Eastern Min (BUC): chiók
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cyoh6 / cyeh6 / zia5
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 7chiaq / 7ciaq / 7tshiaq / 7tsiaq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cyuè
- Wade–Giles: chʻüeh4
- Yale: chywè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiueh
- Palladius: цюэ (cjue)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ciǎo
- Wade–Giles: chʻiao3
- Yale: chyǎu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheau
- Palladius: цяо (cjao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ciao
- Wade–Giles: chʻiao1
- Yale: chyāu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiau
- Palladius: цяо (cjao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: quo2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kiuo
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰyo²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zoek3 / zoek3-2
- Yale: jeuk / jéuk
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzoek8 / dzoek8-2
- Guangdong Romanization: zêg3 / zêg3-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sœːk̚³/, /t͡sœːk̚³⁻³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: diak2 / diak4 / diak4*
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiak̚⁵⁵/, /tiak̚²¹/, /tiak̚²¹⁻²¹⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: qioh6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰiɔʔ⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chiok
- Hakka Romanization System: jiogˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: jiog5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡si̯ok̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: qieh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰiəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chiók
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰuɔʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: cyoh6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰyɒʔ¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: cyeh6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰyøʔ²/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: zia5
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sia²¹/
- (Putian)
Note:
- cyoh6, cyeh6 - literary;
- zia5 - vernacular.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiok
- Tâi-lô: tshiok
- Phofsit Daibuun: chiog
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɔk̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiak
- Tâi-lô: tshiak
- Phofsit Daibuun: chiag
- IPA (Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiak̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiok
- Tâi-lô: tsiok
- Phofsit Daibuun: ciog
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɔk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiah
- Tâi-lô: tsiah
- Phofsit Daibuun: ciaq
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siaʔ⁵/
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siaʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chehⁿ
- Tâi-lô: tsennh
- Phofsit Daibuun: zveq
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɛ̃ʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chioh
- Tâi-lô: tsioh
- Phofsit Daibuun: cioiq
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sioʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhek
- Tâi-lô: tshik
- Phofsit Daibuun: zheg
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
Note:
- chhiok/chhiak/chiok - literary;
- chiah/chehⁿ - vernacular (limited, e.g. 雀盲);
- chioh, chhek - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ciag4 / ziah4 / ziaoh4 / ziouh4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiak / tsiah / tsiauh / tsiouh
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiak̚²/, /t͡siaʔ²/, /t͡siauʔ²/, /t͡siouʔ²/
Note:
- ciag4 - literary;
- ziah4 - vernacular;
- ziaoh4/ziouh4 - dialectal (e.g. 雀盲) (ziouh4 - Chaozhou).
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Chongming, Jiaxing, Haining, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo)
- Wugniu: 7chiaq
- MiniDict: chiah入
- MiniDict: chieh入
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 4qiaq
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡ɕʰiɑʔ⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Haining): /t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɑʔ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁴⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡ɕʰiɐʔ⁵⁵/
- (Northern: Shanghai, Chongming, Jiaxing, Haining, Ningbo)
- (Northern: Songjiang, Suzhou, Changzhou, Tongxiang)
- (Northern: Songjiang, Suzhou)
- (Northern: Shanghai, Chongming, Jiaxing, Haining, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo)
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: tsjak
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ewk/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsewɢ/
Definitions
[edit]雀
- sparrow, especially the Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus)
- 誰謂雀無角，何以穿我屋。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Shéi wèi què wú jiǎo, héyǐ chuān wǒ wū. [Pinyin]
- Who can say the sparrow has no horn?
How else could it bore through my house?
谁谓雀无角，何以穿我屋。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
- small bird
- (literary) dark red; brownish red
- (Cantonese, dialectal Hakka) bird (Classifier: 隻／只 c)
- (Cantonese, Jinhua Wu, colloquial) penis (Classifier: 隻／只 c)
- a surname
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 五雀六燕
- 以珠彈雀／以珠弹雀
- 叉麻雀
- 夯雀先飛／夯雀先飞
- 孔雀 (kǒngquè)
- 孔雀王朝 (Kǒngquè Wángcháo)
- 孔雀石 (kǒngquèshí)
- 孔雀綠／孔雀绿
- 孔雀舞 (kǒngquèwǔ)
- 孔雀開屏／孔雀开屏
- 怡堂燕雀
- 打麻雀 (dǎ máquè)
- 掩目捕雀 (yǎnmùbǔquè)
- 掩雀捕蟬／掩雀捕蝉
- 旋木雀
- 明珠彈雀／明珠弹雀
- 朱雀 (zhūquè)
- 朱雀橋／朱雀桥
- 欣喜雀躍／欣喜雀跃 (xīnxǐ quèyuè)
- 為叢敺雀／为丛驱雀 (wèicóngqūquè)
- 為叢驅雀／为丛驱雀 (wèicóngqūquè)
- 燕雀 (yànquè)
- 燕雀伍
- 燕雀相賀／燕雀相贺
- 燕雀處堂／燕雀处堂
- 燕雀處屋／燕雀处屋
- 白翎雀
- 禾花雀
- 禾雀 (héquè)
- 笨雀先飛／笨雀先飞
- 羅雀掘鼠／罗雀掘鼠
- 羅雀門／罗雀门
- 連雀／连雀
- 金絲雀／金丝雀 (jīnsīquè)
- 金翅雀
- 金雀花
- 金雀記／金雀记
- 銅雀／铜雀
- 銅雀臺／铜雀台
- 門可羅雀／门可罗雀 (ménkěluóquè)
- 隨珠彈雀／随珠弹雀
- 雀屏
- 雀屏中目
- 雀屏中選／雀屏中选
- 雀巢
- 雀弁
- 雀息
- 雀戰／雀战
- 雀斑
- 雀榕 (quèróng)
- 雀盲
- 雀瞀
- 雀羅／雀罗
- 雀舌
- 雀角鼠牙
- 雀躍／雀跃 (quèyuè)
- 雀釵／雀钗
- 雀頂／雀顶
- 雀鯛／雀鲷
- 雀鷹／雀鹰
- 雀麥／雀麦
- 雀鼠
- 雀鼠耗
- 雪雀 (xuěquè)
- 雲雀／云雀 (yúnquè)
- 青雀
- 鳧趨雀躍／凫趋雀跃
- 鴉雀不聞／鸦雀不闻
- 鴉雀無聞／鸦雀无闻
- 鴉雀無聲／鸦雀无声 (yāquèwúshēng)
- 鴉默雀靜／鸦默雀静 (yāmoqiǎojìng)
- 鴳雀／𫛩雀
- 鷹抓燕雀／鹰抓燕雀
- 鸛雀樓／鹳雀楼
- 麻雀 (máquè)
- 麻雀席
- 麻雀牌 (máquèpái)
- 黃雀／黄雀 (huángquè)
- 黃雀伺蟬／黄雀伺蝉
- 黃雀銜環／黄雀衔环
- 鼠牙雀角
References
[edit]- “雀”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]雀
Readings
[edit]Compounds
[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 雀 |
| すずめ Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi |
Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Synonyms
[edit]- 黄雀 (kōjaku)
References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕa̠k̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [작]
Hanja
[edit]
雀 • (jak) (hangeul 작, revised jak, McCune–Reischauer chak, Yale cak)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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- Japanese terms spelled with 雀 read as すずめ
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