渦

See also: 涡

渦	U+6E26, 渦 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E26

← 渥
[U+6E25]

CJK Unified Ideographs

渧 →
[U+6E27]

Translingual

Han character

渦 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水月月口 (EBBR), four-corner 3712₇, composition ⿰氵咼)

Derived characters

𥨙

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 634, character 7
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17771
Dae Jaweon: page 1041, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1651, character 3
Unihan data for U+6E26

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (冎) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
碢	*l'oːl
腡	ɡ·roːl, kʷroːl
過	kloːl, kloːls
渦	kloːl, qloːl
鍋	*kloːl
楇	kloːl, ɡloːls
瘑	*kloːl
緺	koːl, kroːl, *kʷroːl
堝	*kloːl
濄	kloːl, qloːl
鐹	kloːlʔ, kloːls
薖	*kʰloːl
簻	kʰloːl, kr'oːl
禍	*ɡloːlʔ
窩	*qloːl
萵	*qloːl
檛	*kr'oːl
膼	*kr'oːl
蝸	kroːl, kʷroːl
媧	kroːl, kʷroːl
騧	kroːl, kʷroːl
冎	*kroːlʔ
剮	*kroːlʔ
諣	qʰroːls, qʰʷroːls
歄	*kʷroːl
咼	*kʰʷroːl
喎	*kʰʷroːl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kloːl, *qloːl) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 咼 (OC *kʰʷroːl).

Etymology 1

trad.		渦
simp.		涡
2nd round simp.		呙

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wō (wo¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄛ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wo¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): vô
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): o / o͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wō
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄛ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wo
  - Wade–Giles: wo¹
  - Yale: wō
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: uo
  - Palladius: во (vo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɔ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: wo¹
  - Yale: wō
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wo¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: wo¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɔː⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vô
  - Hakka Romanization System: vo^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: vo¹
  - Sinological IPA: /vo²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o
  - Tâi-lô: o
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oy
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /o³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɤ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /o⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o͘
  - Tâi-lô: oo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: of
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɔ³³/

Middle Chinese: 'wa

Rime
Character	渦
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏禾切
Baxter	'wa
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔuɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔuɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔuɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔwa/
Li Rong	/ʔuɑ/
Wang Li	/uɑ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔuɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wō
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wo¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qloːl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	渦
Reading #	2/2
No.	4377
Phonetic component	冎
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	倭
Old Chinese	/*qloːl/
Notes	與蝸同源

Definitions

渦

whirlpool; eddy; vortex
something shaped like a whirlpool; indentation; concavity
酒渦／酒涡 ― jiǔwō ― dimple

Compounds

Etymology 2

trad.		渦
simp.		涡
alternative forms		濄／㳡

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): guō (guo¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄛ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gwo¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: guō
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄛ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: guo
  - Wade–Giles: kuo¹
  - Yale: gwō
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guo
  - Palladius: го (go)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯ɔ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: gwo¹
  - Yale: gwō
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwo¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: guo¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɔː⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: kwa

Rime
Character	渦
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古禾切
Baxter	kwa
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/kuɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwa/
Li Rong	/kuɑ/
Wang Li	/kuɑ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kuɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guō
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwo¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kloːl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	渦
Reading #	1/2
No.	4363
Phonetic component	冎
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	戈
Old Chinese	/*kloːl/
Notes	見漢書亦作濄

Definitions

渦

Guo River (a river in Henan and Anhui, China)
a surname

Compounds

渦口／涡口
渦河／涡河 (Guō Hé)
渦陽／涡阳 (Guōyáng)

References

“渦”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

渦

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: か (ka, Jōyō)^{←くわ (kwa, historical)}、わ (wa)
Kan-on: か (ka, Jōyō)^{←くわ (kwa, historical)}、わ (wa)
Kan’yō-on: か (ka, Jōyō)^{←くわ (kwa, historical)}
Kun: うず (uzu, 渦, Jōyō)^{←うづ (udu, 渦, historical)}

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
渦
か Grade: S
goon

/kwa/ → /ka/

From Middle Chinese 渦 (MC kwa, “eddy, swirl, whirlpool”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ka̠]

Affix

渦(か) • (ka) ^{←くわ (kwa)^?}

eddy, swirl, whirlpool, vortex

Usage notes

This reading is only ever found in compounds.

Derived terms

渦状(かじょう) (kajō): a swirl shape
渦中(かちゅう) (kachū): the one involved, the one dragged in, the one caught up

Etymology 2

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

渦

Wikipedia ^ja

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Vortex

Wikipedia

Kanji in this term
渦
うず Grade: S
kun'yomi

/udu/ → /udzu/ → /uzu/

From Old Japanese.^[1]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) うず [úꜜzù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɯ̟zɨ]

Noun

渦(うず) • (uzu) ^{←うづ (udu)^?}

eddy, swirl, whirlpool, vortex
- Early 700s, 播磨国風土記 (Harima no Kuni Fudoki, “Chronicles of the Country of Harima”)
  絞水(うづ)の淵(ふち)あり。故(かれ)、宇頭(うづ)川(がわ)と号(なづ)く。
  uzu no fuchi ari. Kare, Uzugawa to nazuku.
  There is a deep whirl / eddy pool there. As such, it is called “Uzugawa” (Eddy River).

Derived terms

渦(うず)巻(ま)き (uzumaki): spiral, whirlpool, eddy
渦(うず)潮(しお) (uzushio): a tidal whirlpool or eddy

References

^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 渦 (MC 'wa).

Historical readings

Recorded as Middle Korean ᅙᅪᆼ (Yale: qwa) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Recorded as Middle Korean 와 (wa)^訓 (Yale: wa) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [wa̠]
Phonetic hangul: [와]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

渦

Wikisource

渦 (eumhun 소용돌이 와 (soyongdori wa))

hanja form^? of 와 (“whirlpool; eddy; vortex”)

Compounds

와중 (渦中, wajung)
와선 (渦旋, waseon)
선와 (旋渦, seonwa)
와동 (渦動, wadong)
와류 (渦流, waryu)
와전류 (渦電流, wajeollyu)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 渦 (MC kwa).

Historical readings

Recorded as Middle Korean 광 (Yale: kwa) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kwa̠]
Phonetic hangul: [과]

Hanja

渦 (eumhun 강 이름 과 (gang ireum gwa))

hanja form^? of 과 (“name of a river”)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

渦: Hán Nôm readings: oa

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

[KDJ-1] Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

渦

Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Definitions

Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Definitions

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Affix

Usage notes

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

References

Korean

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Hanja

Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Hanja

References

Vietnamese

Han character

References

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