扔

扔 U+6254, 扔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6254 ← 打 [U+6253] CJK Unified Ideographs 払 → [U+6255]

Translingual

Han character

扔 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 手弓竹尸 (QNHS), four-corner 5702₇, composition ⿰扌乃)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 417, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11782
• Dae Jaweon: page 764, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1828, character 1
• Unihan data for U+6254

Chinese

simp. and trad.		扔

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 扔
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (乃) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
乃	*nɯːʔ
鼐	*nɯːʔ, *nɯːs
疓	*njɯːʔ
奶	*rneːlʔ
仍	*njɯŋ
艿	*njɯŋ
辸	*njɯŋ
礽	*njɯŋ
扔	*njɯŋ, *njɯŋs
芿	*njɯŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njɯŋ, *njɯŋs) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 乃 (OC *nɯːʔ).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): rēng, rěng (reng¹, reng³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄥ, ㄖㄥˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jing⁴ / wing¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): lêng / jêng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): rêng⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zen; ¹len

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: rēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: reng
    • Wade–Giles: jêng¹
    • Yale: rēng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rheng
    • Palladius: жэн (žɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐɤŋ⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: rěng
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: rěng
    • Wade–Giles: jêng³
    • Yale: rěng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: reeng
    • Palladius: жэн (žɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐɤŋ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jing⁴ / wing¹
    • Yale: yìhng / wīng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jing⁴ / wing¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ying⁴ / wing¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪŋ²¹/, /wɪŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lêng
    • Tâi-lô: lîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: leeng
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /liɪŋ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jêng
    • Tâi-lô: jîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: jeeng
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziɪŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziɪŋ²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: rêng⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jêng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡zeŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶zen; ¹len
    • MiniDict: zen^去; 'len^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zen; ¹'len
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zən²³/, /lən⁵³/

---

• Middle Chinese: nying

Rime
Character	扔
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	蒸 (133)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	如乗切
Baxter	nying
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵɨŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑieŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵiŋ/
Li Rong	/ȵiəŋ/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭəŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯əŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	réng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jing4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*njɯŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	扔
Reading #	1/2
No.	9346
Phonetic component	乃
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*njɯŋ/

Definitions

扔

1. to throw
2. to throw away
3. a surname

Synonyms

• (to throw):

Dialectal synonyms of 扔 (“to throw”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		投
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		扔, 丟, 拋, 擲1, 摔
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	扔, 溜, 拽, 砍
	Taiwan	扔, 丟
	Malaysia	丟
	Singapore	丟
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	扔, 拽
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	撂, 丟
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	甩, 丟, 掟
	Wuhan	丟, 掟
	Guilin	丟
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	摔
	Hefei	甩
Cantonese	Guangzhou	掟, 抌, 掉
	Hong Kong	掟, 抌, 掉
Gan	Nanchang	拋, 釘
Hakka	Meixian	㧒, 撜, 擲4
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	擲4
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	擳
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	擲4
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	擲4
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	擲4
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	擊
Jin	Taiyuan	砍, 給, 蠻
Northern Min	Jian'ou	射
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	挌, 抾, 轆, 獻
Southern Min	Xiamen	挕, 揕, 擲2, 練, 捔, 㧒
	Quanzhou	挕, 揕, 擲2, 㧒
	Jinjiang	挕, 揕, 擲2
	Zhangzhou	挕, 揕, 捔, 㧒
	Tainan	挕, 揕, 掔
	Penang (Hokkien)	揕
	Singapore (Hokkien)	挕, 揕, 擲2, 捔
	Manila (Hokkien)	挕, 揕, 擲2
	Chaozhou	捔, 撾, 挒, 標
	Jieyang	捔, 撾, 挒, 標, 打, 擲3
Wu	Shanghai	摜, 厾
	Suzhou	厾, 真
	Wenzhou	𪜃, 甩, 拌
Xiang	Changsha	射, 釘
	Shuangfeng	亞, 打

• (to throw away):

Dialectal synonyms of 扔 (“to discard; to throw away”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		扔, 丟棄
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	扔, 撇
	Taiwan	扔, 丟
	Singapore	丟
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	拽, 扔
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	撇
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	甩, 丟
	Wuhan	丟, 甩
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	撂
	Hefei	撂, 甩, 板
Cantonese	Guangzhou	擗, 掉, 𢫕, 抌
	Hong Kong	擗, 掉, 抌
	Yangjiang	擗
Gan	Nanchang	丟, 釘
Hakka	Meixian	丟, 㧒
Jin	Taiyuan	砍, 撂, 蠻
Northern Min	Jian'ou	丟
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	溜, 轆, 獻, 抾, 挌
Southern Min	Xiamen	挕, 摑, 㧒
	Quanzhou	挕, 摑, 㧒
	Zhangzhou	挕, 㧒
	Chaozhou	捔, 撼, 擿
	Shantou	捔, 擿
	Jieyang	捔, 撼, 擿
Wu	Shanghai	摜, 厾
	Suzhou	厾, 摜, 甩
	Wenzhou	𪜃, 甩, 拌
Xiang	Changsha	撂, 丟
	Shuangfeng	亞

Compounds

• 扔下
• 扔崩
• 扔掉 (rēngdiào)
• 扔棄／扔弃 (rēngqì)

 

Descendants

• Old Turkic: ?
  • → Turkmen: zyňmak

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): rèng (reng⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄥˋ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: rèng
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: rèng
    • Wade–Giles: jêng⁴
    • Yale: rèng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renq
    • Palladius: жэн (žɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐɤŋ⁵¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: nyingH

Rime
Character	扔
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	蒸 (133)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	而證切
Baxter	nyingH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵɨŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑieŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵiŋH/
Li Rong	/ȵiəŋH/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭəŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯əŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jing6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*njɯŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	扔
Reading #	2/2
No.	9347
Phonetic component	乃
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	認
Old Chinese	/*njɯŋs/

Definitions

扔

1. ^† to pull; to draw
2. ^† to destroy

Japanese

Kanji

扔

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. throw
2. hurl
3. throw away
4. cast

Readings

• Go-on: にょう (nyō)
• Kan-on: じょう (jō)
• Kun: よる (yoru)、ふれる (fureru)、すてる (suteru)

Vietnamese

Han character

扔: Hán Nôm readings: nẫy, nhưng, nảy, nẩy, nới

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