卯
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]卯 (Kangxi radical 26, 卩+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 竹竹尸中 (HHSL), four-corner 77720, composition ⿰𠂎卩)
Derived characters
[edit]- 柳, 留, 𨥫, 𠇩, 𤵠, 㚹, 𫰸, 奅, 𥄸, 聊, 𠰭, 飹, 𩛁, 𩜕, 𬣌, 㧕, 茆, 昴, 𬁬, 鉚, 鉚(铆), 珋, 貿(贸), 泖, 𬈢, 㶯, 峁, 𪨫, 𩊅, 𠁁, 𥁚, 笷, 𬆆, 𡊧, 𧖰, 𧖱, 㡻, 𡧙, 𡩰, 窌 𨴅, 𢨺, 𨋖, 𠛓, 乮, 𦊑, 𪕋, 𩖴
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 159, character 5
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2847
- Dae Jaweon: page 363, character 15
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 311, character 5
- Unihan data for U+536F
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 卯 | |||||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |||
Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Ancient script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Old Chinese | |
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卯 | *mruːʔ |
昴 | *mruːʔ |
泖 | *mruːʔ |
茆 | *mruːʔ, *m·ruʔ |
奅 | *m̥ʰruːs |
窌 | *m̥ʰruːs, *m·ruː, *m·rus |
聊 | *m·rɯːw |
貿 | *mlus |
鄮 | *mlus |
劉 | *m·ru |
留 | *m·ru, *m·rus |
蒥 | *m·ru |
鶹 | *m·ru |
騮 | *m·ru |
榴 | *m·ru |
瑠 | *ru |
瘤 | *m·ru, *m·rus |
遛 | *m·ru |
鎦 | *m·ru |
飀 | *m·ru |
鰡 | *m·ru |
嵧 | *m·ru |
餾 | *m·ru, *m·rus |
瀏 | *m·ru, *m·ruʔ |
懰 | *m·ru, *m·ruʔ |
柳 | *m·ruʔ |
珋 | *m·ruʔ |
罶 | *m·ruʔ |
嬼 | *m·ruʔ, *m·rus |
溜 | *m·rus |
霤 | *m·rus |
廇 | *m·rus |
塯 | *m·rus |
This character was found in oracle bone scripts depicting a sacrifice (a human or animal body) that is cut in half. This kind of practice mainly happened in Shang dynasty and was gradually eliminated after Zhou's conquest of Shang, leading to obscurity of the character's original meaning. An old variant is 戼. According to Shuowen Jiezi, it is an open door, like 門/𨳇 (mén) but reversed.
Etymology
[edit]Derived from root 流 (OC *r(j)u) with volitional or agentive OC prefix *m- (see Sagart, 1999); so *m-ruu means "(cause to flow >) pour out, empty" > *m-ruuʔ 卯 "pouring or emptying stage" i.e. "waning moon", "with the word in its sacrificial applications meaning 'to blood-let'" (Smith, 2011).
Association with the rabbit was probably arbitrary, just as how 辰 was arbitrarily associated with the dragon (see Ferlus, 2013).
Pronunciation
[edit]simp. and trad. |
卯 | |
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alternative forms |
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): maau5
- Gan (Wiktionary): mau3
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6mau
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄠˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: mǎo
- Wade–Giles: mao3
- Yale: mǎu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mao
- Palladius: мао (mao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: maau5
- Yale: máauh
- Cantonese Pinyin: maau5
- Guangdong Romanization: mao5
- Sinological IPA (key): /maːu̯¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: mau3
- Sinological IPA (key): /mau²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: maewX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤruʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*mruːʔ/
Definitions
[edit]卯
- fourth of twelve earthly branches (十二支)
- rabbit (兔) of Chinese zodiac
- period from 5-7 a.m.
- early morning
- mortise
Coordinate terms
[edit]- (Chinese earthly branches) 地支 (dìzhī); 子, 丑 (chǒu), 寅 (yín), 卯 (mǎo), 辰 (chén), 巳 (sì), 午 (wǔ), 未 (wèi), 申 (shēn), 酉 (yǒu), 戌, 亥 (hài) (Category: zh:Chinese earthly branches)
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- “卯”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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卯 |
う Jinmeiyō |
kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]- the Rabbit, the fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches
Derived terms
[edit]- 卯月 (uzuki)
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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卯 |
ぼう Jinmeiyō |
on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 卯 (mæwX).
Proper noun
[edit]- the Rabbit, the fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]卯 (eumhun 넷째 지지 묘 (netjjae jiji myo))
- hanja form? of 묘 (“fourth Earthly Branch”)
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]卯: Hán Nôm readings: mão, mẫu, méo, Mẹo, mẻo
- chữ Hán form of Mão (“fourth of the twelve earthly branches”).
Compounds
[edit]- CJK Unified Ideographs block
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- zh:Chinese earthly branches
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- Japanese terms spelled with 卯 read as う
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