верх

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Russian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vьrxъ (whence also Old Church Slavonic врьхъ (vrĭxŭ)), from Proto-Indo-European *wers-.

Balto-Slavic cognates include Lithuanian viršus and Latvian virsus. Other Indo-European cognates include Latin verruca (a steep place, height), Ancient Greek ἕρμα (hérma, reef, rock, hill).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [vʲerx]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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верх (verxm inan (genitive ве́рха, nominative plural верхи́, genitive plural верхо́в)

  1. top, upper part, roof, dome, height
    • 1925, Михаил Булгаков [Mikhail Bulgakov], “Глава 8. История в совхозе”, in Роковые яйца; English translation from K. M. Cook-Horujy, transl., The Fateful Eggs, Moscow: Raduga Publishers, 1990:
      Зате́м верх бревна́ надломи́лся, немно́го склони́лся и над Алекса́ндром Семё́новичем оказа́лось что́-то напомина́ющее по высоте́ электри́ческий моско́вский столб.
      Zatém verx brevná nadlomílsja, nemnógo sklonílsja i nad Aleksándrom Semjónovičem okazálosʹ štó-to napominájuščeje po vysoté elektríčeskij moskóvskij stolb.
      Then the top of the log cracked, bent down slightly, and something about the height of a Moscow electric lamp-post loomed over Alexander Semyonovich.
  2. (figuratively) summit, apex
    совеща́ние в верха́хsoveščánije v verxáxsummit meeting
  3. the highest degree of something
    Э́то верх глу́пости!Éto verx glúposti!This is the height of stupidity!
  4. upper class
    Antonym: низ (niz)
  5. (arm-wrestling) top-roll
    Coordinate terms: крюк (krjuk), бок (bok), три́цепс (tríceps)

Declension

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Noun

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верх (verxm inan (genitive ве́рха, nominative plural верха́, genitive plural верхо́в)

  1. right side (of clothing, fabric), shoe upper, boot top
  2. hood, top, soft top, rag top of a carriage or convertible automobile
  3. cap, cover, outside, shell (clothing, as opposed to a lining)

Declension

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Ukrainian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vьrxъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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верх (verxm inan (genitive ве́рху, nominative plural верхи́, genitive plural верхі́в)

  1. top, upper part
    Antonym: низ (nyz)
  2. surface
  3. (figurative) upper hand
  4. (colloquial, plural only) elite, leaders
  5. high notes, upper register
    Antonym: низи́ (nyzý)

Declension

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Noun

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верх (verxm inan (genitive верха́, nominative plural верхи́, genitive plural верхі́в)

  1. dome, cupola
  2. roof
  3. chimney
  4. outer side (of a garment)

Declension

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Derived terms

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Preposition

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верх (verx) (relational, g(genitive)or g(locative))

  1. (dialectal) on, on top of
    Synonyms: по́верх (póverx), зве́рху (zvérxu)