νέφος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *népʰos, from Proto-Indo-European *nébʰos (“cloud”). Cognates include νεφέλη (nephélē, “cloud”), Latin nebula (“fog, cloud”), Proto-Slavic *nebo (“heaven, sky”), Sanskrit नभस् (nábhas, “sky”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /né.pʰos/ → /ˈne.ɸos/ → /ˈne.fos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /né.pʰos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈne.pʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈne.ɸos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈne.fos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈne.fos/

Noun

νέφος • (néphos) n (genitive νέφεος or νέφους); third declension

1. cloud

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ νέφος; τοῦ νέφους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ νέφος tò néphos	τὼ νέφει tṑ néphei	τᾰ̀ νέφη tà néphē
Genitive	τοῦ νέφους toû néphous	τοῖν νεφοῖν toîn nephoîn	τῶν νεφῶν tôn nephôn
Dative	τῷ νέφει tôi néphei	τοῖν νεφοῖν toîn nephoîn	τοῖς νέφεσῐ / νέφεσῐν toîs néphesi(n)
Accusative	τὸ νέφος tò néphos	τὼ νέφει tṑ néphei	τᾰ̀ νέφη tà néphē
Vocative	νέφος néphos	νέφει néphei	νέφη néphē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of νέφος; νέφεος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	νέφος néphos	νέφει / νέφεε néphei / néphee	νέφεᾰ néphea
Genitive	νέφεος / νέφευς népheos / népheus	νεφέοιν nephéoin	νεφέων nephéōn
Dative	νέφει / νέφεῐ̈ néphei / népheï	νεφέοιν nephéoin	νέφεσσῐν / νεφέεσσῐ / νεφέεσσῐν / νέφεσῐ / νέφεσῐν néphessin / nephéessi(n) / néphesi(n)
Accusative	νέφος néphos	νέφει / νέφεε néphei / néphee	νέφεᾰ néphea
Vocative	νέφος néphos	νέφει / νέφεε néphei / néphee	νέφεᾰ néphea
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• κελαινεφής (kelainephḗs)

Descendants

• Greek: νέφος n (néfos)
  • ⇒ Greek: σύννεφο (sýnnefo)
• →⇒ English: nephology, nephoscope

References

• “νέφος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “νέφος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “νέφος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• νέφος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• νέφος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “νέφος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G3509 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • cloud idem, page 139.
  • fog idem, page 331.
  • mist idem, page 535.

Greek

Noun

νέφος • (néfos) n (plural νέφη)

1. smog

   Synonym: αιθαλομίχλη (aithalomíchli)

2. (meteorology) cloud
3. (computing) cloud

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	νέφος (néfos)	νέφη (néfi)
genitive	νέφους (néfous)	νεφών (nefón)
accusative	νέφος (néfos)	νέφη (néfi)
vocative	νέφος (néfos)	νέφη (néfi)

Synonyms

• νεφέλη f (neféli)
• σύννεφο n (sýnnefo)

Coordinate terms

• ομίχλη f (omíchli, “fog”)

Derived terms

• ανέφελος (anéfelos, “cloudless”, adjective)
• αντινεφικός (antinefikós, “antismog”, adjective)
• ραδιενεργό νέφος n (radienergó néfos, “radioactive fallout”)

 

Further reading

• νέφος on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el