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{{also|Klinker}}

==English==

===Noun===
{{en-noun|~}}

# {{dated form of|en|clinker}}

==Afrikaans==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|af|nl|klinker}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|af|/ˈkləŋ.kər/}}
* {{audio|af|LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-klinker.wav}}

===Noun===
{{af-noun|s|klinkertjie}}

# [[vowel]]
# [[clinker]] {{gloss|brick}}
# [[hardtack]]

==Dutch==
==Dutch==
{{wikipedia|klinker (klank)|lang=nl}}
{{wikipedia|klinker (klank)|lang=nl}}
Line 4: Line 29:


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|/ˈklɪŋ.kər/|lang=nl}}
* {{IPA|nl|/ˈklɪŋ.kər/}}
* {{audio|Nl-klinker.ogg|audio|lang=nl}}
* {{audio|nl|Nl-klinker.ogg}}
* {{hyphenation|nl|klin|ker}}
* {{rhyme|nl|ɪŋkər|s=2}}


===Noun===
===Etymology 1===
From earlier {{m|nl|klinckaerd}}, {{m|nl|klinkert}}, from {{inh|nl|dum|clinker}}, {{m|dum|clinkaert}}, related to {{cog|gml|klinkert|t=hard-fired brick}}; equivalent to {{af|nl|klinken|-er|id2=agent noun}}.

====Noun====
{{nl-noun|m|-s|klinkertje}}
{{nl-noun|m|-s|klinkertje}}


# [[clinker]] brick; {{lb|nl|by extension}} any kind of brick used for [[pavement]]
# {{context|phonetics|lang=nl}} [[vowel]]

# [[clinker]] brick; {{context|by extension|lang=nl}} any kind of brick used for [[pavement]]
=====Alternative forms=====
* {{l|nl|klinkaard}} {{q|dated}}
* {{l|nl|klinkerd}} {{q|dated}}

=====Derived terms=====
* {{l|nl|klinkerweg}}

=====Descendants=====
* {{desc|af|klinker}}
* {{desc|dcr|klinker}}
* {{desc|en|clinker|bor=1}}
* {{desc|de|Klinker|bor=1}}
* {{desc|bor=1|pap|klenker|klenku}}
* {{desc|fy|klinkert|bor=1}}

===Etymology 2===
From earlier {{m|nl|klincker}}, equivalent to {{af|nl|klinken|-er|id2=agent noun}}, short for {{m|nl|klinckletter|t=sounding-letter}}, a {{calque|nl|la|[[littera]] [[vocālis]]|nocap=1|t=sounding-letter}}. Compare {{cog|dum|clinker|t=announcer, crier}}.

====Noun====
{{nl-noun|m|-s|klinkertje}}

# {{lb|nl|phonetics}} [[vowel]]
#: {{syn|nl|klinkletter|vocaal}}
#: {{coordinate terms|nl|medeklinker}}
#: {{ux|nl|Het Nederlands heeft vijf basisklinkers: a, e, i, o, u.|Dutch has five basic '''vowels''': a, e, i, o, u.}}
#: {{ux|nl|De '''klinkers''' in het woord "huis" zijn "ui".|The '''vowels''' in the word "huis" (house) are "ui".}}
#: {{ux|nl|De taalkundige bestudeert de verschillende '''klinkers''' in verschillende talen.|The linguist studies the different '''vowels''' in various languages.}}
# {{lb|nl|uncommon|orthography}} {{l|en|vowel}} {{l|en|letter}} {{gloss|character that designates a vowel}}
#: {{syn|nl|klinkletter}}

=====Derived terms=====
* {{l|nl|medeklinker}}
* {{l|nl|slotklinker}}

=====Descendants=====
* {{desc|af|klinker}}
* {{desc|fy|klinker|bor=1}}

==Kashubian==

===Etymology===
{{bor+|csb|de|klinkier}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{csb-pr}}

===Noun===
{{csb-noun|m-in|adj=klinkerowi}}

# [[clinker]] {{gloss|very hard brick}}


====Derived terms====
====Derived terms====
{{col-auto|csb|title=nouns|klinkerowniô|klinkerówka}}
* {{sense|1}} [[medeklinker]]

* {{sense|2}} [[klinkerweg]]
===Further reading===
* {{R:csb:Trepczyk:1994|klinkier}}
* {{R:csb:SPK|klinkier}}

==Swedish==

===Noun===
{{sv-noun|c}}

# a [[clinker]] (hard brick)

====Declension====
{{sv-decl-noun|klinker|klinkern|[[klinker]], [[klinkers]]|klinkerna|klinkers|klinkerns|klinkers|klinkernas}}


===References===
[[af:klinker]]
* {{R:svenska.se|so}}
[[da:klinker]]
* {{R:svenska.se|saol}}
[[fr:klinker]]
* {{R:svenska.se|saob}}
[[io:klinker]]
[[ku:klinker]]
[[li:klinker]]
[[mg:klinker]]
[[nl:klinker]]
[[no:klinker]]
[[uz:klinker]]
[[sh:klinker]]
[[fi:klinker]]
[[sv:klinker]]
[[tl:klinker]]
[[tr:klinker]]

Latest revision as of 15:55, 17 July 2024

See also: Klinker

English

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

klinker (countable and uncountable, plural klinkers)

  1. Dated form of clinker.

Afrikaans

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Dutch klinker.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): /ˈkləŋ.kər/
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

[edit]

klinker (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertjie)

  1. vowel
  2. clinker (brick)
  3. hardtack

Dutch

[edit]
Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl
Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

Pronunciation

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

From earlier klinckaerd, klinkert, from Middle Dutch clinker, clinkaert, related to Middle Low German klinkert (“hard-fired brick”); equivalent to klinken +‎ -er.

Noun

[edit]

klinker m (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertje n)

  1. clinker brick; (by extension) any kind of brick used for pavement
Alternative forms
[edit]
Derived terms
[edit]
Descendants
[edit]
  • Afrikaans: klinker
  • Negerhollands: klinker
  • → English: clinker
  • → German: Klinker
  • → Papiamentu: klenker, klenku
  • → West Frisian: klinkert

Etymology 2

[edit]

From earlier klincker, equivalent to klinken +‎ -er, short for klinckletter (“sounding-letter”), a calque of Latin littera vocālis (“sounding-letter”). Compare Middle Dutch clinker (“announcer, crier”).

Noun

[edit]

klinker m (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertje n)

  1. (phonetics) vowel
    Synonyms: klinkletter, vocaal
    Coordinate term: medeklinker
    Het Nederlands heeft vijf basisklinkers: a, e, i, o, u.
    Dutch has five basic vowels: a, e, i, o, u.
    De klinkers in het woord "huis" zijn "ui".
    The vowels in the word "huis" (house) are "ui".
    De taalkundige bestudeert de verschillende klinkers in verschillende talen.
    The linguist studies the different vowels in various languages.
  2. (uncommon, orthography) vowel letter (character that designates a vowel)
    Synonym: klinkletter
Derived terms
[edit]
Descendants
[edit]

Kashubian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed from German klinkier.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈklinkɛr/
  • Rhymes: -inkɛr
  • Syllabification: klin‧ker

Noun

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klinker m inan (related adjective klinkerowi)

  1. clinker (very hard brick)

Derived terms

[edit]
nouns

Further reading

[edit]
  • Jan Trepczyk (1994) “klinkier”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
  • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “klinkier”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎[1]

Swedish

[edit]

Noun

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klinker c

  1. a clinker (hard brick)

Declension

[edit]
Declension of klinker 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative klinker klinkern klinker, klinkers klinkerna
Genitive klinkers klinkerns klinkers klinkernas

References

[edit]
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