Pseudomonas exotoxin

Exotoxin A
Exotoxin A
	Exotoxin A dimer, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Identifiers
Organism	Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Symbol	eta
UniProt	P11439
Other data
EC number	2.4.2.36
Structures
Search for
Structures	Swiss-model
Domains	InterPro

The Pseudomonas exotoxin (or exotoxin A) is an exotoxin produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.^[1] Vibrio cholerae produces a similar protein called the Cholix toxin (Q5EK40).^[2]

It inhibits elongation factor-2. It does so by ADP-ribosylation of EF2 using NAD+. This then causes the elongation of polypeptides to cease. This mechanism is similar to that of diphtheria toxin.^[3]

It has been investigated as a treatment for hepatitis B^[4] and cancer.^[5]

References

^ Yates SP, Taylor PL, Jørgensen R, Ferraris D, Zhang J, Andersen GR, Merrill AR (February 2005). "Structure-function analysis of water-soluble inhibitors of the catalytic domain of exotoxin A from Pseudomonas aeruginosa". The Biochemical Journal. 385 (Pt 3): 667–75. doi:10.1042/BJ20041480. PMC 1134741. PMID 15458385.
^ Jørgensen R, Purdy AE, Fieldhouse RJ, Kimber MS, Bartlett DH, Merrill AR (April 2008). "Cholix toxin, a novel ADP-ribosylating factor from Vibrio cholerae". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 283 (16): 10671–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M710008200. PMID 18276581.
^ Yates SP, Merrill AR (May 2004). "Elucidation of eukaryotic elongation factor-2 contact sites within the catalytic domain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A". The Biochemical Journal. 379 (Pt 3): 563–72. doi:10.1042/BJ20031731. PMC 1224111. PMID 14733615.
^ Hafkemeyer P, Brinkmann U, Brinkmann E, Pastan I, Blum HE, Baumert TF (May 2008). "Pseudomonas exotoxin antisense RNA selectively kills hepatitis B virus infected cells". World Journal of Gastroenterology. 14 (18): 2810–7. doi:10.3748/wjg.14.2810. PMC 2710720. PMID 18473403.
^ Stuckey DW, Hingtgen SD, Karakas N, Rich BE, Shah K (February 2015). "Engineering toxin-resistant therapeutic stem cells to treat brain tumors". Stem Cells. 33 (2): 589–600. doi:10.1002/stem.1874. PMC 4305025. PMID 25346520.