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Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic

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Commander, Submarine Force Atlantic
COMSUBLANT Emblem
Active1941–present
CountryUnited States of America
BranchUnited States Navy
TypeType Commander
RoleAdministrative control over specific assets
Garrison/HQNaval Support Activity Hampton Roads, Virginia
Commanders
Current
commander		Vice Admiral Robert Gaucher

The Commander, Naval Submarine Forces (a.k.a. COMNAVSUBFOR; and dual-hatted as Commander, Naval Submarine Force, Atlantic or COMSUBLANT) is the Submarine Force U.S. Atlantic Fleet type commander under the United States Fleet Forces Command.

The principal responsibility of the Admiral commanding is to operate, maintain, train, and equip submarines. COMSUBLANT also has additional duties as commander of NATO's Allied Submarine Command and also Commander, Naval Submarine Forces. As Commander, Naval Submarine Forces (COMSUBFOR), an additional type commander role, he also supervises Commander, Submarine Force Pacific (often known as COMSUBPAC). From the 1960s to the 1990s the commander also held the NATO post of Commander, Submarines, Western Atlantic (COMSUBWESTLANT).

History

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Established on 7 December 1941, Rear Admiral Richard S. Edwards was its first commander. COMSUBLANT headquarters was at Naval Submarine Base New London until 1960, when it was moved to Naval Station Norfolk. U.S. submarine operations in the Atlantic, however, date from before World War I. On January 1, 1913, Lieutenant Chester W. Nimitz was in command of the Atlantic Submarine Flotilla, with First Group consisting of submarines C-2, C-3, C-4, and C-5 under Lieutenant Lewis D. Causey, and Second Group consisting of submarines D-1, D-2, D-3, E-1, and E-2 under Lieutenant (junior grade) Claudius R. Hyatt.[1] Nimitz was in command from May 1912 to March 1913.

In October 1945, Submarine Squadron 2 was established at Naval Submarine Base New London, Groton, Connecticut,[2] and in February 1946, Submarine Squadron 8 was commissioned at Groton.

"In correspondence of 31 January 1949, the Chief of Naval Operations directed 'that the Fleet Commanders assign one division in each fleet to [the] sole task [of solving] the problem of using submarines to detect and destroy enemy submarines. All other operations of any nature, even type training, ASW services, or fleet tactics, shall be subordinated to this mission.' After a further exchange of correspondence, Submarine Forces Atlantic established Submarine Development Group 2, consisting of four Diesel submarines, two Guppy (Greater Underwater Propulsion Power Program) conversions and two standard fleet boats."[3] The initial staff included Captain Roy S. Benson, two officers and two yeomen reporting directly to him.

In 1951, Submarine Squadron 10 was established at State Pier, New London, Connecticut. The squadron has the distinction of being the only unit associated with Submarine Base New London to actually be located in New London instead of Groton. In the early 1960s Squadron 10 became the first all-nuclear United States submarine squadron. The squadron was supported by USS Fulton (AS-11) for most of its existence, until both Fulton and the squadron were decommissioned in May, 1991.

In December 1969, Submarine Squadron 8 was decommissioned.

Submarine Squadron 14 operated Fleet Ballistic Missile boats from Holy Loch, Scotland, from 1961 until it was disbanded in 1992. COMSUBLANT also oversaw Submarine Squadron 22 at La Maddalena in the Mediterranean, which existed 1972–2008 and was known as Submarine Refit and Training Group La Maddalena from 1972 to the mid-1980s. Submarine Group 8 continues to operate in support of U.S. and NATO objectives there.

On 1 May 1977, Submarine Development Group 2 was officially redesignated as Submarine Development Squadron 12 in recognition of its role and responsibilities and new organizational status. In August 1979, Submarine Squadron 8 was recommissioned in Norfolk, where it remained until consolidation with Submarine Squadron 6 on April 28, 2011.[4] On January 13, 2012, Submarine Squadron 2 similarly was disestablished, transferring its boats to Submarine Squadron 4 and Submarine Development Squadron 12.

As Commander, Task Force 42, COMSUBLANT operated Atlantic Fleet attack submarines. In addition, as Commander, Task Force 84, the previous Atlantic Fleet special surveillance and anti-submarine warfare commander, COMSUBLANT operates submarines, Maritime Patrol Aircraft, surface ships assigned by Fleet Forces Command and Integrated Undersea Surveillance System assets.

As of 2011, SUBLANT numbers 30 submarines and more than 15,000 officers, enlisted, and civilian personnel providing combat ready submarines in the Atlantic, Arctic, Eastern Pacific, and Indian Oceans and the Mediterranean Sea.

Commander, Naval Submarine Forces wrote in June 2012 on his blog: "We're not perfect. In the Submarine Force we've had some high-visibility lapses in character. You've read about them: the cheating incident on USS MEMPHIS, the fraternization between the Chief of the Boat and a female midshipman on USS NEBRASKA, an incident of hazing on USS Florida,[5] and the financial misconduct of some Supply Officers in Kings Bay. In each case, once discovered, these incidents were thoroughly investigated, and appropriate people were held accountable. This is our approach and we'll continue to address these cases swiftly and decisively."[6]

There have also been previous problems of this nature. Commander Michael J. Alfonso was relieved as Commander, Blue Crew, USS Florida (SSBN-728) in 1997 for ignoring his executive officer and browbeating his crew.

Rear Admiral Kenneth Perry, Commander, Submarine Group 2, retired on Friday, August 22, 2014, and the post of Commander Submarine Group 2 was disestablished that day.[7] The responsibilities of the 45 personnel in the group headquarters have been shifted to the individual submarine squadrons. The new arrangement, with Submarine Squadrons reporting directly to the Submarine type commander for the fleet, mirrors that functioning in the Pacific.

Submarines and units

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These are the submarines and related units reporting to COMSUBLANT.[8]

Norfolk, Virginia

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Commander, Submarine Squadron 6 (COMSUBRON Six):

Groton, Connecticut

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Commander, Submarine Group 2 (COMSUBGRU Two) Submarine Group 2 was disestablished on 22 August 2014.[9] It had been previously designated Submarine Flotilla Two and was active in the Atlantic Fleet from at least 1978 to 2014 and based in Groton, CT. (Ships and Aircraft, Eleventh Edition, 1978)

Commander, Submarine Squadron 2 (COMSUBRON Two):
Submarine Squadron 2 was disestablished in 2012 and all COMSUBRON 2 assigned attack submarines were assigned to COMSUBRON 4 or Commander, Submarine Development Squadron 12.[10]

Commander, Submarine Squadron 4 (COMSUBRON Four):

Commander, Submarine Squadron 12 (COMSUBRON 12):

Submarine Development Squadron 12's mission, as assigned by the Chief of Naval Operations, is to develop the tactics and promulgate the tactical doctrine to conduct submarine warfare. Organized as Submarine Development Group 2 on 9 May 1949, the original charter was to solve the problem of using submarines to defeat and destroy enemy submarines. During the intervening years this charter has grown in scope to support the full range of submarine missions including arctic warfare, anti-submarine warfare, anti-surface ship warfare, mine warfare and tactical strike warfare. With the vastly improved capabilities of the modern nuclear submarine and a weapons delivery capability that include mines, torpedoes, and cruise missiles, there are few naval warfare missions which cannot be conducted by submarines. On 1 May 1977, Submarine Development Group 2 was officially re-designated as Submarine Development Squadron 12 in recognition of its expanded role and responsibilities and new organizational status. The Headquarters has been located at the Naval Submarine Base New London, Groton, Connecticut since 1949. Submarine Development Squadron 12 also commands a squadron of the most modern attack submarines.[12]

On January 15, 2016 Submarine Development Squadron 12 was re-designated Submarine Squadron 12, given the tactical development responsibilities fall under the Undersea Warfighting Development Center[13]

Portsmouth, New Hampshire/Maine

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Portsmouth Naval Shipyard serves as one of the primary maintenance facilities for U.S. submarines from both the Atlantic and Pacific. No submarines are officially based here.

Kings Bay, Georgia

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Commander, Submarine Group 10 (COMSUBGRU Ten)

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Patch of Submarine Group 10

Commander, Submarine Squadron 16 (COMSUBRON Sixteen):

Commander, Submarine Squadron 20 (COMSUBRON Twenty):

Officers serving as COMSUBLANT

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Adm. Christopher W. Grady, commander, U.S. Fleet Forces Command, center, looks on as Vice Adm. William Houston, right, relieves Vice Adm. Daryl Caudle during the Commander, Submarine Forces change of command ceremony in Norfolk, Va., September 10, 2021.

The following is an incomplete list:[14]

† Wartime submarine commander

References

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  1. ^ Atlantic Fleet, January 1, 1913, accessed June 2012
  2. ^ Submarine Squadron 2 disestablishes, consolidates four attack submarines, Naval Submarine Force Atlantic, January 16, 2012
  3. ^ Reference (not quote): Gary E. Weir, 'An Ocean in Common: American Naval Officers, Scientists, and the Ocean Environment', Volume 72 of Texas A&M University Press, 2001, ISBN 1585441147, 302–303.
  4. ^ Kevin Copeland, Norfolk Submarine Squadrons Consolidate Archived 2012-09-17 at the Wayback Machine, Naval Submarine Force Atlantic, NNS110506-13, 6 May 2011
  5. ^ "USS Florida (Gold) Chief of the Boat Relieved of Duty". Archived from the original on 2013-02-18. Retrieved 2012-09-12.
  6. ^ Vice Admiral John M. Richardson, Character[permanent dead link‍], June 19, 2012
  7. ^ "Top officer at oldest U.S. sub base is retiring | Military Times | militarytimes.com". www.militarytimes.com. Archived from the original on 2014-08-17.
  8. ^ "Organization". www.sublant.usff.navy.mil. Retrieved 2021-05-03.
  9. ^ "Submarine Group TWO". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 1 October 2014.
  10. ^ Cragg, Jennifer (Jan 13, 2012). "COMSUBRON 2 Disestablishes, Consolidates Four Attack Submarines". Archived from the original on 2014-05-12. Retrieved May 12, 2014.
  11. ^ a b "Atlantic Submarine Force Organization". US Navy. Archived from the original on 2014-05-12. Retrieved May 12, 2014.
  12. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-07-10. Retrieved 2012-05-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  13. ^ "Capt. Ollie Lewis takes control of newly-named Submarine Squadron 12". The Day. 2016-01-15. Retrieved 2021-05-03.
  14. ^ Blair, Clay, Jr. Silent Victory. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1975.
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