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{{Infobox saint
[[File:Trier Irminen BW 2.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Nuns convent ''St. Irminen'' in Trier close to the right bank of the river [[Moselle (river)|Mosel]] (see [http://www.openstreetmap.org/index.html?mlat=49.757375&mlon=6.631689&zoom=15 map])]]
| honorific_prefix= Saint
⚫
| name = Irmina of Oeren
| honorific_suffix=
| image = File:Irmina von Trier V-1.jpg
| imagesize = 150px
| alt =
| caption =
| titles =
| birth_name =
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| home_town =
| residence = Oeren, [[Trier, Germany]]
| death_date = 720
| death_place = [[Wissembourg]]
| venerated_in =[[Catholic Church]]
| beatified_date =
| beatified_place =
| beatified_by =
| canonized_date =
| canonized_place =
| canonized_by =
| major_shrine =
| feast_day = 3 January
| attributes = Religious habit and [[crosier]] of an [[abbess]]; church model in her hand, two angels above her head
| patronage = <!-- WARNING: patronages MUST CORRESPOND to a reliable secondary source, per WP:RS -->
| issues =
| suppressed_date =
| suppressed_by =
| influences =
| influenced =
| tradition =
| major_works =
| module =
⚫
}}


'''Irmina of Oeren''' (also called '''Ermina''' and '''Hirmina'''; died 720) was a [[saint]], founder and [[abbess]] of a [[convent]] in Oeren, near Trier (Trèves), and co-founder of a convent in [[Echternach]] (now [[Luxembourg|eastern Luxembourg]]).<ref>Dunbar, p. 413</ref><ref name="sociallife" /> [[Hagiography|Hagiographer]] Basil Watkins states that Irmina's 12th century biography is "unreliable"<ref name="watkins-332" /> and it is likely that "legends about her family tree spiralled out of control",<ref name="irminaschurch">{{Cite web|title=St Irmina's Church|url=https://www.trier-info.de/en/places-of-interest/st-irminas-church|access-date=5 July 2021|publisher=Trier Tourism and Marketing|location=Trier, Germany|language=en}}</ref> but she came from one of the most powerful families in the [[Merovingian dynasty|Merovingian]] kingdom.<ref name="sociallife">{{Cite book|last=Kreiner|first=Jamie|title=The Social Life of Hagiography in the Merovingian Kingdom|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2014|isbn=978-1-107-65839-4|location=New York|pages=29|oclc=1089392785}}</ref> She might have been Saint Primina, the daughter of [[Dagobert I]] and sister of [[Saint Modesta]]. She might have been the daughter of [[Dagobert II]] and sister of [[Adela of Pfalzel|Saint Adela of Pfalze]].<ref name="watkins-332" /><ref name="dunbar-414">Dunbar, p. 414</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Fouracre|first=Paul|title=Frankland: The Franks and the World of the Early Middle Ages|date=2020|publisher=Manchester University Press|isbn=978-1-5261-4825-4|editor-last=Nelson|editor-first=Janet L.|location=Manchester, UK|pages=83|chapter=Forgetting and Remembering Dagobert II: The English Connection|oclc=1149150096|editor-last2=Fouracre|editor-first2=Paul|editor-last3=Ganz|editor-first3=David}}</ref> Historian Ian Wood stated that Irmina is "traditionally, and probably correctly, identified as [[Plectrude|Plectrude's]] mother".<ref name="ianwood" />
'''Irmina of Oeren''' or '''Irmina of Trier ''' (d. 704/710) was the wife of [[Hugobert]], [[seneschal]] and [[Count palatine]], a leading person of the Hugobertine noble family.
While during the [[High Middle Ages]] she was believed to be a daughter of King [[Dagobert II]], her parents are actually unknown. Today it is assumed that she came from a powerful [[Austrasia]]n noble family, strongly connected to the [[Carolingian dynasty]].


According to many versions of Irmina's biography, when she was fifteen years old,<ref name="watkins-332" /> she was engaged to marry a man named Count Hermann, but just before they were to marry, he was killed in a [[Murder–suicide|murder-suicide]] by one of his servants, who "admired Irmina and could not bear that his master should have her".<ref name="dunbar-414" />
Irmina and Hugobert had several children, including:

* [[Plectrude]] ([[floruit|fl.]] 691, d. 717), the wife of [[Pippin of Herstal]] and founder of the Abbey [[St. Maria im Kapitol]] in [[Cologne]]
Irmina then married [[Hugobert]], a magnate from the middle Moselle region, who served as seneschal and was a count of the palace at the Merovingian court during the reigns of Theuderic III and [[Childebert III]]. They had several daughters, including:
* possibly [[Adela of Pfalzel]] (b. c. 660, d. c. 735) founder of the convent [[Pfalzel]] (some have said she is the sister or Irmina of Oeren)
* [[Plectrude]], 691/717 wife of [[Pippin of Herstal]] and founder of the Abbey [[St. Maria im Kapitol]] in [[Cologne]]<ref name=Mckitterick>[https://books.google.com/books?id=iiapDwAAQBAJ&dq=Hugobert&pg=PA29 Mckitterick, Rosamond. ''The Frankish Kingdoms Under the Carolingians 751-987'', Routledge, 2018, p. 29] {{ISBN|9781317872481}}</ref>
⚫
* [[Regintrud|Reginlind]], (b. 660-665, d. 730-740) whose second marriage after the death of her husband was to the duke [[Theudebert of Bavaria]]
* Adela (655-732), abbess of Pfalzel, married to Eudes I, Duke of Aquitaine (questionable [[Odo the Great]] and son of [[Saint Oda]]) {{Citation needed|date=March 2024}}
* Chrodelind
⚫
* [[Regintrud]], whose second marriage after the death of her husband was to the duke [[Theudebert of Bavaria]] {{Citation needed|date=March 2024}}
⚫
* possibly [[Bertrada of Prüm]] (b. c. 670, d. after 721), the founder of the [[Prüm Abbey]] and mother of count [[Heribert of Laon]], who was father of [[Bertrada of Laon]], who in turn was mother of [[Charlemagne]].
* Irmina (d. ca 704), married to Chariveus, brother of [[Lambert, Count of Hesbaye]].{{Citation needed|date=March 2024}}
⚫
* [[Bertrada of Prüm]] (b. c. 670, d. after 721), the founder of the [[Prüm Abbey]] and mother of count [[Caribert of Laon]], who was father of [[Bertrada of Laon]], who in turn was mother of [[Charlemagne]].<ref name=Mckitterick/>

After the death of Hugobert, around 697, she built her a monastery at Oeren in Trier, which was eventually named after her, and where she succeeded as abbess her sister, [[Saint Modesta]]. Irmina donated lands to help co-found, with [[Willibrord|Saint Willibrord]] of Northumberland, the convent in Echternacht in 697 or 698.<ref name="watkins-332" /><ref name="irminaschurch" /><ref name="dunbar-414" /><ref name="ianwood">{{Cite book|last=Wood|first=Ian|title=Gender in the Early Medieval World: East and West, 300-900|date=2004|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0-521-81347-6|editor-last=Brubaker|editor-first=Leslie|location=Cambridge, U.K.|pages=247|chapter=Genealogy Defined by Women: The Case of the Pippinids|oclc=54035406|editor-last2=Smith|editor-first2=Julia M. H.}}</ref> Historian Jamie Kreiner called the founding of the Echternacht convent "a cooperative venture"<ref name="sociallife" /> between Willibrord and Irmina's family, who later promised to protect the convent and its holdings after Willibrord promised [[fidelity]] to them in 706.<ref name="sociallife" /> Watkins reported that Irmina was "generous to both [[Celts|Celtic]] and [[Saxons|Saxon]] [[missionary]] monks".<ref name="watkins-332" /> Irmina died in 720 at the monastery at [[Weißenburg in Bayern|Weissenburg]], which was also founded by her father.<ref name="dunbar-414" /><ref name="watkins-332" />

Irmina's feast day is December 24.<ref name="watkins-332">{{Cite book|last=Watkins|first=Basil|title=The Book of Saints: A Comprehensive Biographical Dictionary|date=2016|publisher=T&T Clark|isbn=978-0-567-66414-3|edition=Eighth|location=London|pages=332|oclc=908373623}}</ref> She is the patroness saint of Trevos and is represented with a church in her hand, signifying her status as a church founder, and with two angels above her head, carrying her soul to heaven.<ref name="dunbar-414" />


[[File:Dsc04832.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Echternach Abbey in the valley of the river [[Sauer]]]]
[[File:Dsc04832.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Echternach Abbey in the valley of the river [[Sauer]]]]


==References ==
After Hugobert's dead the now widowed Irmina founded with support from the bishop of [[Trier]] the [[Abbey of Echternach]] by donating (c. 697/698) lands to [[Willibrord]].
{{Reflist}}
She also committed herself to a religious life for the remaining years and became second abbess of St. Mary's convent in Oeren (today a part of [[Trier]]) which was later renamed after her: ''St. Irmina'' (or ''St. Irminen'').
Irmina died at an uncertain date between 704 and 710.
[[File:Irmina Statu w.jpg|thumb|right|Irmina Statute]]


== External links ==
== Works cited ==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.rheinische-geschichte.lvr.de/persoenlichkeiten/I/Seiten/IrminavonTrier.aspx Irmina of Trier, abbess and saint (German)] Accessed 17 December 2011
* Dunbar, Agnes B.C. (1901). ''A Dictionary of Saintly Women''. '''1'''. London: George Bell & Sons. pp. 413–414.
* [http://www.dmgh.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb00000886_00060.html "''Ego Irmina ... abbatissa ...''" Testament of abbess Irmina of Oeren from 1 December 697/98 donating to the monastery of Willibrord in Echternach, MGH (Latin)]


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Irmina of Oeren}}


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
⚫
| NAME = Irmina of Oeren
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =Irmina of Trier
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Frankish noble
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
⚫
}}
[[Category:7th-century births]]
[[Category:7th-century births]]
[[Category:700s deaths]]
[[Category:720 deaths]]
[[Category:Frankish women]]
[[Category:7th-century Frankish women]]
[[Category:7th-century Frankish nobility]]
[[Category:8th-century Frankish women]]
[[Category:8th-century Frankish nobility]]
[[Category:Colombanian saints]]
[[Category:8th-century Christian saints]]
[[Category:Christian female saints of the Middle Ages]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]

Latest revision as of 11:02, 5 July 2024

Saint

Irmina of Oeren
ResidenceOeren, Trier, Germany
Died720
Wissembourg
Venerated inCatholic Church
Feast3 January
AttributesReligious habit and crosier of an abbess; church model in her hand, two angels above her head

Irmina of Oeren (also called Ermina and Hirmina; died 720) was a saint, founder and abbess of a convent in Oeren, near Trier (Trèves), and co-founder of a convent in Echternach (now eastern Luxembourg).[1][2] Hagiographer Basil Watkins states that Irmina's 12th century biography is "unreliable"[3] and it is likely that "legends about her family tree spiralled out of control",[4] but she came from one of the most powerful families in the Merovingian kingdom.[2] She might have been Saint Primina, the daughter of Dagobert I and sister of Saint Modesta. She might have been the daughter of Dagobert II and sister of Saint Adela of Pfalze.[3][5][6] Historian Ian Wood stated that Irmina is "traditionally, and probably correctly, identified as Plectrude's mother".[7]

According to many versions of Irmina's biography, when she was fifteen years old,[3] she was engaged to marry a man named Count Hermann, but just before they were to marry, he was killed in a murder-suicide by one of his servants, who "admired Irmina and could not bear that his master should have her".[5]

Irmina then married Hugobert, a magnate from the middle Moselle region, who served as seneschal and was a count of the palace at the Merovingian court during the reigns of Theuderic III and Childebert III. They had several daughters, including:

After the death of Hugobert, around 697, she built her a monastery at Oeren in Trier, which was eventually named after her, and where she succeeded as abbess her sister, Saint Modesta. Irmina donated lands to help co-found, with Saint Willibrord of Northumberland, the convent in Echternacht in 697 or 698.[3][4][5][7] Historian Jamie Kreiner called the founding of the Echternacht convent "a cooperative venture"[2] between Willibrord and Irmina's family, who later promised to protect the convent and its holdings after Willibrord promised fidelity to them in 706.[2] Watkins reported that Irmina was "generous to both Celtic and Saxon missionary monks".[3] Irmina died in 720 at the monastery at Weissenburg, which was also founded by her father.[5][3]

Irmina's feast day is December 24.[3] She is the patroness saint of Trevos and is represented with a church in her hand, signifying her status as a church founder, and with two angels above her head, carrying her soul to heaven.[5]

Echternach Abbey in the valley of the river Sauer

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Dunbar, p. 413
  2. ^ a b c d Kreiner, Jamie (2014). The Social Life of Hagiography in the Merovingian Kingdom. New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 29. ISBN 978-1-107-65839-4. OCLC 1089392785.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Watkins, Basil (2016). The Book of Saints: A Comprehensive Biographical Dictionary (Eighth ed.). London: T&T Clark. p. 332. ISBN 978-0-567-66414-3. OCLC 908373623.
  4. ^ a b "St Irmina's Church". Trier, Germany: Trier Tourism and Marketing. Retrieved 5 July 2021.
  5. ^ a b c d e Dunbar, p. 414
  6. ^ Fouracre, Paul (2020). "Forgetting and Remembering Dagobert II: The English Connection". In Nelson, Janet L.; Fouracre, Paul; Ganz, David (eds.). Frankland: The Franks and the World of the Early Middle Ages. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press. p. 83. ISBN 978-1-5261-4825-4. OCLC 1149150096.
  7. ^ a b Wood, Ian (2004). "Genealogy Defined by Women: The Case of the Pippinids". In Brubaker, Leslie; Smith, Julia M. H. (eds.). Gender in the Early Medieval World: East and West, 300-900. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. p. 247. ISBN 0-521-81347-6. OCLC 54035406.
  8. ^ a b Mckitterick, Rosamond. The Frankish Kingdoms Under the Carolingians 751-987, Routledge, 2018, p. 29 ISBN 9781317872481

Works cited

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Irmina of Oeren.
  • Dunbar, Agnes B.C. (1901). A Dictionary of Saintly Women. 1. London: George Bell & Sons. pp. 413–414.
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