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{{Infobox saint |
{{Infobox saint |
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| honorific_prefix= |
| honorific_prefix= Saint |
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| name = Irmina of Oeren |
| name = Irmina of Oeren |
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| honorific_suffix= |
| honorific_suffix= |
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| image = Irmina |
| image = File:Irmina von Trier V-1.jpg |
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| imagesize = 150px |
| imagesize = 150px |
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| alt = |
| alt = |
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| caption = |
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| caption = Statue of Saint Irmina at the convent in [[Echternach]] |
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| titles = |
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| birth_name = |
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| birth_place = |
| birth_place = |
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| home_town = |
| home_town = |
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| residence = |
| residence = Oeren, [[Trier, Germany]] |
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| death_date = 720 |
| death_date = 720 |
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| death_place = [[Wissembourg]] |
| death_place = [[Wissembourg]] |
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| venerated_in = |
| venerated_in =[[Catholic Church]] |
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| beatified_date = |
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| major_shrine = |
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| feast_day = |
| feast_day = 3 January |
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| attributes = |
| attributes = Religious habit and [[crosier]] of an [[abbess]]; church model in her hand, two angels above her head |
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| patronage = <!-- WARNING: patronages MUST CORRESPOND to a reliable secondary source, per WP:RS --> |
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| patronage = [[Catholic Church]] |
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'''Irmina of Oeren''' (also called '''Ermina''' and '''Hirmina'''; |
'''Irmina of Oeren''' (also called '''Ermina''' and '''Hirmina'''; died 720) was a [[saint]], founder and [[abbess]] of a [[convent]] in Oeren, near Trier (Trèves), and co-founder of a convent in [[Echternach]] (now [[Luxembourg|eastern Luxembourg]]).<ref>Dunbar, p. 413</ref><ref name="sociallife" /> [[Hagiography|Hagiographer]] Basil Watkins states that Irmina's 12th century biography is "unreliable"<ref name="watkins-332" /> and it is likely that "legends about her family tree spiralled out of control",<ref name="irminaschurch">{{Cite web|title=St Irmina's Church|url=https://www.trier-info.de/en/places-of-interest/st-irminas-church|access-date=5 July 2021|publisher=Trier Tourism and Marketing|location=Trier, Germany|language=en}}</ref> but she came from one of the most powerful families in the [[Merovingian dynasty|Merovingian]] kingdom.<ref name="sociallife">{{Cite book|last=Kreiner|first=Jamie|title=The Social Life of Hagiography in the Merovingian Kingdom|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2014|isbn=978-1-107-65839-4|location=New York|pages=29|oclc=1089392785}}</ref> She might have been Saint Primina, the daughter of [[Dagobert I]] and sister of [[Saint Modesta]]. She might have been the daughter of [[Dagobert II]] and sister of [[Adela of Pfalzel|Saint Adela of Pfalze]].<ref name="watkins-332" /><ref name="dunbar-414">Dunbar, p. 414</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Fouracre|first=Paul|title=Frankland: The Franks and the World of the Early Middle Ages|date=2020|publisher=Manchester University Press|isbn=978-1-5261-4825-4|editor-last=Nelson|editor-first=Janet L.|location=Manchester, UK|pages=83|chapter=Forgetting and Remembering Dagobert II: The English Connection|oclc=1149150096|editor-last2=Fouracre|editor-first2=Paul|editor-last3=Ganz|editor-first3=David}}</ref> Historian Ian Wood stated that Irmina is "traditionally, and probably correctly, identified as [[Plectrude|Plectrude's]] mother".<ref name="ianwood" /> |
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According to many versions of Irmina's biography, when she was fifteen years old,<ref name="watkins-332" /> she was engaged to marry a man named Count Hermann, but just before they were to marry, he was killed in a [[Murder–suicide|murder-suicide]] by one of his servants, who "admired Irmina and could not bear that his master should have her".<ref name="dunbar-414" /> |
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Irmina then married [[Hugobert]], a magnate from the middle Moselle region, who served as seneschal and was a count of the palace at the Merovingian court during the reigns of Theuderic III and [[Childebert III]]. They had several daughters, including: |
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| ⚫ | Irmina's feast day is December 24.<ref name="watkins-332">{{Cite book|last=Watkins|first=Basil|title=The Book of Saints: A Comprehensive Biographical Dictionary|date=2016|publisher=T&T Clark|isbn=978-0-567-66414-3|edition=Eighth|location=London|pages=332|oclc=908373623}}</ref> She is the |
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* [[Plectrude]], 691/717 wife of [[Pippin of Herstal]] and founder of the Abbey [[St. Maria im Kapitol]] in [[Cologne]]<ref name=Mckitterick>[https://books.google.com/books?id=iiapDwAAQBAJ&dq=Hugobert&pg=PA29 Mckitterick, Rosamond. ''The Frankish Kingdoms Under the Carolingians 751-987'', Routledge, 2018, p. 29] {{ISBN|9781317872481}}</ref> |
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* Adela (655-732), abbess of Pfalzel, married to Eudes I, Duke of Aquitaine (questionable [[Odo the Great]] and son of [[Saint Oda]]) {{Citation needed|date=March 2024}} |
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* [[Regintrud]], whose second marriage after the death of her husband was to the duke [[Theudebert of Bavaria]] {{Citation needed|date=March 2024}} |
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* Irmina (d. ca 704), married to Chariveus, brother of [[Lambert, Count of Hesbaye]].{{Citation needed|date=March 2024}} |
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* [[Bertrada of Prüm]] (b. c. 670, d. after 721), the founder of the [[Prüm Abbey]] and mother of count [[Caribert of Laon]], who was father of [[Bertrada of Laon]], who in turn was mother of [[Charlemagne]].<ref name=Mckitterick/> |
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| ⚫ | After the death of Hugobert, around 697, she built her a monastery at Oeren in Trier, which was eventually named after her, and where she succeeded as abbess her sister, [[Saint Modesta]]. Irmina donated lands to help co-found, with [[Willibrord|Saint Willibrord]] of Northumberland, the convent in Echternacht in 697 or 698.<ref name="watkins-332" /><ref name="irminaschurch" /><ref name="dunbar-414" /><ref name="ianwood">{{Cite book|last=Wood|first=Ian|title=Gender in the Early Medieval World: East and West, 300-900|date=2004|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0-521-81347-6|editor-last=Brubaker|editor-first=Leslie|location=Cambridge, U.K.|pages=247|chapter=Genealogy Defined by Women: The Case of the Pippinids|oclc=54035406|editor-last2=Smith|editor-first2=Julia M. H.}}</ref> Historian Jamie Kreiner called the founding of the Echternacht convent "a cooperative venture"<ref name="sociallife" /> between Willibrord and Irmina's family, who later promised to protect the convent and its holdings after Willibrord promised [[fidelity]] to them in 706.<ref name="sociallife" /> Watkins reported that Irmina was "generous to both [[Celts|Celtic]] and [[Saxons|Saxon]] [[missionary]] monks".<ref name="watkins-332" /> Irmina died in 720 at the monastery at [[Weißenburg in Bayern|Weissenburg]], which was also founded by her father.<ref name="dunbar-414" /><ref name="watkins-332" /> |
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| ⚫ | Irmina's feast day is December 24.<ref name="watkins-332">{{Cite book|last=Watkins|first=Basil|title=The Book of Saints: A Comprehensive Biographical Dictionary|date=2016|publisher=T&T Clark|isbn=978-0-567-66414-3|edition=Eighth|location=London|pages=332|oclc=908373623}}</ref> She is the patroness saint of Trevos and is represented with a church in her hand, signifying her status as a church founder, and with two angels above her head, carrying her soul to heaven.<ref name="dunbar-414" /> |
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[[File:Dsc04832.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Echternach Abbey in the valley of the river [[Sauer]]]] |
[[File:Dsc04832.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Echternach Abbey in the valley of the river [[Sauer]]]] |
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==References== |
==References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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==Works cited== |
== Works cited == |
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{{Commons category}} |
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* Dunbar, Agnes B.C. (1901). ''A Dictionary of Saintly Women''. '''1'''. London: George Bell & Sons. pp. |
* Dunbar, Agnes B.C. (1901). ''A Dictionary of Saintly Women''. '''1'''. London: George Bell & Sons. pp. 413–414. |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Irmina of Oeren}} |
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[[Category:7th-century births]] |
[[Category:7th-century births]] |
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[[Category:7th-century Frankish women]] |
[[Category:7th-century Frankish women]] |
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[[Category:7th-century Frankish nobility]] |
[[Category:7th-century Frankish nobility]] |
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[[Category:8th-century Frankish women]] |
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[[Category:8th-century Frankish nobility]] |
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[[Category:Colombanian saints]] |
[[Category:Colombanian saints]] |
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[[Category:8th-century Christian saints]] |
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[[Category:Christian female saints of the Middle Ages]] |
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[[Category:Year of birth unknown]] |
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Latest revision as of 11:02, 5 July 2024
Saint Irmina of Oeren | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Residence | Oeren, Trier, Germany |
| Died | 720 Wissembourg |
| Venerated in | Catholic Church |
| Feast | 3 January |
| Attributes | Religious habit and crosier of an abbess; church model in her hand, two angels above her head |
Irmina of Oeren (also called Ermina and Hirmina; died 720) was a saint, founder and abbess of a convent in Oeren, near Trier (Trèves), and co-founder of a convent in Echternach (now eastern Luxembourg).[1][2] Hagiographer Basil Watkins states that Irmina's 12th century biography is "unreliable"[3] and it is likely that "legends about her family tree spiralled out of control",[4] but she came from one of the most powerful families in the Merovingian kingdom.[2] She might have been Saint Primina, the daughter of Dagobert I and sister of Saint Modesta. She might have been the daughter of Dagobert II and sister of Saint Adela of Pfalze.[3][5][6] Historian Ian Wood stated that Irmina is "traditionally, and probably correctly, identified as Plectrude's mother".[7]
According to many versions of Irmina's biography, when she was fifteen years old,[3] she was engaged to marry a man named Count Hermann, but just before they were to marry, he was killed in a murder-suicide by one of his servants, who "admired Irmina and could not bear that his master should have her".[5]
Irmina then married Hugobert, a magnate from the middle Moselle region, who served as seneschal and was a count of the palace at the Merovingian court during the reigns of Theuderic III and Childebert III. They had several daughters, including:
- Plectrude, 691/717 wife of Pippin of Herstal and founder of the Abbey St. Maria im Kapitol in Cologne[8]
- Adela (655-732), abbess of Pfalzel, married to Eudes I, Duke of Aquitaine (questionable Odo the Great and son of Saint Oda) [citation needed]
- Regintrud, whose second marriage after the death of her husband was to the duke Theudebert of Bavaria [citation needed]
- Irmina (d. ca 704), married to Chariveus, brother of Lambert, Count of Hesbaye.[citation needed]
- Bertrada of Prüm (b. c. 670, d. after 721), the founder of the Prüm Abbey and mother of count Caribert of Laon, who was father of Bertrada of Laon, who in turn was mother of Charlemagne.[8]
After the death of Hugobert, around 697, she built her a monastery at Oeren in Trier, which was eventually named after her, and where she succeeded as abbess her sister, Saint Modesta. Irmina donated lands to help co-found, with Saint Willibrord of Northumberland, the convent in Echternacht in 697 or 698.[3][4][5][7] Historian Jamie Kreiner called the founding of the Echternacht convent "a cooperative venture"[2] between Willibrord and Irmina's family, who later promised to protect the convent and its holdings after Willibrord promised fidelity to them in 706.[2] Watkins reported that Irmina was "generous to both Celtic and Saxon missionary monks".[3] Irmina died in 720 at the monastery at Weissenburg, which was also founded by her father.[5][3]
Irmina's feast day is December 24.[3] She is the patroness saint of Trevos and is represented with a church in her hand, signifying her status as a church founder, and with two angels above her head, carrying her soul to heaven.[5]
References
[edit]- ^ Dunbar, p. 413
- ^ a b c d e f g Watkins, Basil (2016). The Book of Saints: A Comprehensive Biographical Dictionary (Eighth ed.). London: T&T Clark. p. 332. ISBN 978-0-567-66414-3. OCLC 908373623.
- ^ a b "St Irmina's Church". Trier, Germany: Trier Tourism and Marketing. Retrieved 5 July 2021.
- ^ a b c d e Dunbar, p. 414
- ^ Fouracre, Paul (2020). "Forgetting and Remembering Dagobert II: The English Connection". In Nelson, Janet L.; Fouracre, Paul; Ganz, David (eds.). Frankland: The Franks and the World of the Early Middle Ages. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press. p. 83. ISBN 978-1-5261-4825-4. OCLC 1149150096.
- ^ a b Wood, Ian (2004). "Genealogy Defined by Women: The Case of the Pippinids". In Brubaker, Leslie; Smith, Julia M. H. (eds.). Gender in the Early Medieval World: East and West, 300-900. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. p. 247. ISBN 0-521-81347-6. OCLC 54035406.
- ^ a b Mckitterick, Rosamond. The Frankish Kingdoms Under the Carolingians 751-987, Routledge, 2018, p. 29 ISBN 9781317872481
Works cited
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Irmina of Oeren.
- Dunbar, Agnes B.C. (1901). A Dictionary of Saintly Women. 1. London: George Bell & Sons. pp. 413–414.
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