superar

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin superāre. Doublet of the inherited sobrar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [su.pəˈɾa]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [su.peˈɾaɾ]
• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

superar (first-person singular present supero, first-person singular preterite superí, past participle superat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /e/

1. to surpass; exceed
2. to overcome; get past

Conjugation

    Conjugation of superar (first conjugation)

infinitive			superar
gerund			superant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		superat		superada
		plural		superats		superades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	supero	superes	supera	superem	supereu	superen
	imperfect	superava	superaves	superava	superàvem	superàveu	superaven
	future	superaré	superaràs	superarà	superarem	superareu	superaran
	preterite	superí	superares	superà	superàrem	superàreu	superaren
	conditional	superaria	superaries	superaria	superaríem	superaríeu	superarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	superi	superis	superi	superem	supereu	superin
	imperfect	superés	superessis	superés	superéssim	superéssiu	superessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	supera	superi	superem	supereu	superin
	negative (no)	—	no superis	no superi	no superem	no supereu	no superin

Related terms

• sobrar
• súper

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin superāre. Doublet of the inherited sobrar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /su.peˈɾa(ʁ)/ [su.peˈɾa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /su.peˈɾa(ʁ)/ [su.peˈɾa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /su.peˈɾa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /su.peˈɾa(ʁ)/ [su.peˈɾa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /su.peˈɾa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /su.pɨˈɾaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /su.pɨˈɾaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /su.pɨˈɾa.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: su‧pe‧rar

Verb

superar (first-person singular present supero, first-person singular preterite superei, past participle superado)

1. to exceed
2. to overcome

Conjugation

    Conjugation of superar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	superar
Personal	superar	superares	superar	superarmos	superardes	superarem
Gerund
	superando
Past participle
Masculine	superado			superados
Feminine	superada			superadas
Indicative
Present	supero	superas	supera	superamos	superais	superam
Imperfect	superava	superavas	superava	superávamos	superáveis	superavam
Preterite	superei	superaste	superou	superamos1, superámos2	superastes	superaram
Pluperfect	superara	superaras	superara	superáramos	superáreis	superaram
Future	superarei	superarás	superará	superaremos	superareis	superarão
Conditional	superaria	superarias	superaria	superaríamos	superaríeis	superariam
Subjunctive
Present	supere	superes	supere	superemos	supereis	superem
Imperfect	superasse	superasses	superasse	superássemos	superásseis	superassem
Future	superar	superares	superar	superarmos	superardes	superarem
Imperative
Affirmative		supera	supere	superemos	superai	superem
Negative (não)		não superes	não supere	não superemos	não supereis	não superem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• sobrar
• super

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin superāre. Doublet of the inherited sobrar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /supeˈɾaɾ/ [su.peˈɾaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: su‧pe‧rar

Verb

superar (first-person singular present supero, first-person singular preterite superé, past participle superado)

1. to surpass, exceed
2. to overcome
3. to beat, to outdo
4. to overtake, pass
5. to get over

   Supéralo, hombre. ― Get over it, man.

6. (reciprocal) to outdo each other, to one-up each other
7. (reflexive) to outdo oneself
8. (reflexive) to be overcome
9. (reflexive) to be exceeded, to be surmounted, to be broken (e.g. a record broken)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of superar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			superar
gerund			superando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		superado		superada
		plural		superados		superadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	supero	superastú superásvos	supera	superamos	superáis	superan
	imperfect	superaba	superabas	superaba	superábamos	superabais	superaban
	preterite	superé	superaste	superó	superamos	superasteis	superaron
	future	superaré	superarás	superará	superaremos	superaréis	superarán
	conditional	superaría	superarías	superaría	superaríamos	superaríais	superarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	supere	superestú superésvos2	supere	superemos	superéis	superen
	imperfect (ra)	superara	superaras	superara	superáramos	superarais	superaran
	imperfect (se)	superase	superases	superase	superásemos	superaseis	superasen
	future1	superare	superares	superare	superáremos	superareis	superaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		superatú superávos	supere	superemos	superad	superen
	negative		no superes	no supere	no superemos	no superéis	no superen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of superar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive superar
	dative	superarme	superarte	superarle, superarse	superarnos	superaros	superarles, superarse
	accusative	superarme	superarte	superarlo, superarla, superarse	superarnos	superaros	superarlos, superarlas, superarse
with gerund superando
	dative	superándome	superándote	superándole, superándose	superándonos	superándoos	superándoles, superándose
	accusative	superándome	superándote	superándolo, superándola, superándose	superándonos	superándoos	superándolos, superándolas, superándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative supera
	dative	supérame	supérate	supérale	supéranos	not used	supérales
	accusative	supérame	supérate	supéralo, supérala	supéranos	not used	supéralos, supéralas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative superá
	dative	superame	superate	superale	superanos	not used	superales
	accusative	superame	superate	superalo, superala	superanos	not used	superalos, superalas
with formal second-person singular imperative supere
	dative	supéreme	not used	supérele, supérese	supérenos	not used	supéreles
	accusative	supéreme	not used	supérelo, supérela, supérese	supérenos	not used	supérelos, supérelas
with first-person plural imperative superemos
	dative	not used	superémoste	superémosle	superémonos	superémoos	superémosles
	accusative	not used	superémoste	superémoslo, superémosla	superémonos	superémoos	superémoslos, superémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative superad
	dative	superadme	not used	superadle	superadnos	superaos	superadles
	accusative	superadme	not used	superadlo, superadla	superadnos	superaos	superadlos, superadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative superen
	dative	supérenme	not used	supérenle	supérennos	not used	supérenles, supérense
	accusative	supérenme	not used	supérenlo, supérenla	supérennos	not used	supérenlos, supérenlas, supérense

Derived terms

• superación
• superador
• superante

 

Related terms

• sobrar
• super
• superable

 

Further reading

• “superar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28